CINXE.COM
Terms of Use | Investopedia
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" version="XHTML+RDFa 1.0" dir="ltr"> <head profile="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml/vocab"><script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=HxkREWBo" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("http://www.investopedia.com/corp/termsofuse.aspx","20160711025220","https://web.archive.org/","web","/_static/", "1468205540"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=S1zqJCYt" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" /> <!-- End Wayback Rewrite JS Include --> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220/http://i.investopedia.com/public"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220/http://i.investopedia.com/public"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="www.investopedia.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="www.investopedia.com"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="v1.investopedia.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="v1.investopedia.com"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="ajax.googleapis.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="ajax.googleapis.com"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="idsync.rlcdn.com"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="cdn.feedbackify.com"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="ic.tynt.com"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="rc.rlcdn.com"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="z.moatads.com"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="ak.sail-horizon.com"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="pagead2.googlesyndication.com"> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"> var sem_pageview = false; var sem_ocode = '9999'; var sem_ldid = ''; var sem_sh = ''; function updateSemVariable(query) { if (query[1] === undefined) { return; } switch(query[0]) { case 'o': sem_ocode = query[1]; break; case 'ldid': sem_ldid = query[1]; break; case 'sh': sem_sh = query[1]; break; } } function getCookie(cname) { var name = cname + "="; var ca = document.cookie.split(';'); for (var i = 0; i < ca.length; i++) { var c = ca[i]; while (c.charAt(0) == ' ') c = c.substring(1); if (c.indexOf(name) == 0) return c.substring(name.length,c.length); } return ""; } function getSemCookie() { var queryStr = getCookie('semuser'); if (queryStr == "") { return; } sem_pageview = true; var queries = queryStr.split("&"); for (var i = 0, l = queries.length; i < l; i++) { var query = queries[i].split('='); updateSemVariable(query); } } getSemCookie(); var updateAup = function(aUp) { aUp = aUp.replace("INV-NA", "invsem-serp-ds"); var utms = null; if (typeof getUrlParam === "function") { try { utms = getUrlParam("utm_source"); } catch (e) {} } var aUp_arr = aUp.split("/"); var last = aUp_arr.pop(); aUp_arr.push((utms !== null ? utms : "dir") + "_" + (typeof sem_ocode !== "undefined" ? sem_ocode : 0)); if (aUp_arr.length > 3) { aUp_arr[3] = last; } return aUp_arr.join("/"); }; if (typeof googletag !== "undefined") { googletag.cmd.push( function() { if ((typeof sem_pageview !== 'undefined') && (sem_pageview == true)) { var processArgs = function(arguments) { if (typeof arguments === "object") { for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++) { if (arguments[i].indexOf("8397") > -1) { arguments[i] = updateAup(arguments[i]); break; } } } return arguments; }; googletag.defineSlot = (function() { var orig_func = googletag.defineSlot; return function() { return orig_func.apply(this, processArgs(arguments)); }; })(); googletag.defineOutOfPageSlot = (function() { var orig_func = googletag.defineOutOfPageSlot; return function() { return orig_func.apply(this, processArgs(arguments)); }; })(); } }); } </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var dataLayer = []; if (typeof _pageTaxonomy !== "undefined") { dataLayer.push(_pageTaxonomy); } </script><script type="text/javascript"> var pageviewIDEntity = ""; function S4() { return (((1+Math.random())*0x10000)|0).toString(16).substring(1); } var pageviewID = new Date().getTime() + "-" + S4() + S4() + pageviewIDEntity; dataLayer.push({'pageviewID' : pageviewID}); </script><script type="text/javascript"> window.adblock = false; function hasAdBlocker() { window.adblock = true; } function isAdBlocked () { return window.adblock; } </script> <script async src="//web.archive.org/web/20160711025220js_/http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js" onerror="hasAdBlocker();"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* observer */!function(){window.adonis=window.adonis||{},window.adonis.scriptStatuses={};var t=function(){var t,n="NEW_SCRIPT_EVENT";window.CustomEvent?t=new CustomEvent(n,{detail:{}}):(t=document.createEvent("CustomEvent"),t.initCustomEvent(n,!0,!0,{})),window.dispatchEvent(t)};document.addEventListener("load",function(n){n.target&&"SCRIPT"===n.target.nodeName&&(window.adonis.scriptStatuses[n.target.src]="load",t())},!0),document.addEventListener("error",function(n){n.target&&"SCRIPT"===n.target.nodeName&&(window.adonis.scriptStatuses[n.target.src]="error",t())},!0)}(); </script> <title>Terms of Use | Investopedia</title> <meta name="application-name" content="Investopedia"/> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"/> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=9"/> <!-- Nativo --> <meta property="fb:pages" content="105109162854142, 925483520864421"/> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="371867692868423"/> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"/> <!-- Meta tags --> <meta name="robots" content="index,follow"/> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US"/> <meta property="og:title" content="Terms of Use | Investopedia"/> <meta property="og:url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/corp/termsofuse.aspx"/> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Investopedia"/> <meta property="og:type" content="website"/> <meta property="og:image" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220im_/http://i.investopedia.com/facebook/investopedia-facebook-image.gif"/> <meta property="fb:admins" content="100003532063336"/> <!-- End Meta tags --> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220im_/http://i.investopedia.com/public/img/apple-touch-icon.png"/> <link rel="canonical" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/corp/termsofuse.aspx"/> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220im_/http://i.investopedia.com/public/img/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"/> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220cs_/http://i.investopedia.com/public/css/tablet.css?v=5.392"/> <!-- Bof Taxonomy --> <!-- Page Taxonomy --> <script type="text/javascript" data-id="script_taxonomy"> //<![CDATA[ var _pageTaxonomy = {"Hashkey":null,"Path":"/corp/termsofuse.aspx","Channel":"Investing","SubChannel":"Investing Strategy","Advertising":"Investing","SubAdvertising":"Investing","DfpTarget":"Investing/Investing","Tags":[],"Taggroup":[],"Type":"Corp","Lucrativeness":null,"Timelessness":"Timeless","Feature":null,"Design":null,"InterestLevel":null,"Index":"True","NoIndexParams":"False","Follow":"True","Master":"False","ServerName":"tax003"}; //]]> </script> <!-- End Page Taxonomy --> <!-- Eof Taxonomy --> <script type="text/javascript"> var idc_slots = {}; idc_slots.slots = ["AdSlot_PG-Background"]; var hash = window.location.hash; if (typeof hash.startsWith === "function") { if (hash.startsWith("#ec") || hash.startsWith("#ra")) { idc_slots.includes = []; } } idc_slots.build = function(slot) { return "/8397/INV-NA/Investing/Investing/position/Corp".replace("position", slot.position); }; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var idc_device = {"desktop":true,"tablet":false,"phone":false}; </script> <!--js start--> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220js_/https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.7.2/jquery.min.js"></script> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220js_/http://i.investopedia.com/public/js/main.min.js?v=5.392"></script> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220js_/http://i.investopedia.com/dest/js/inv.min.js?v=5.392"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var invadv = {}; invadv.tags_parent = 0; invadv.question_tags = 0; invadv.expertise_tags = 0; invadv.total_answers = 0; invadv.is_advisor_logged_in = 0; invadv.percent_helpful = 0; invadv.job_title = 0; invadv.fee_structures = 0; invadv.aum = 0; dataLayer.push({'invadv' : invadv}); </script> <script> var initLayer = _pageTaxonomy; initLayer['country'] = invGCookie.geoCountry(); initLayer['state'] = invGCookie.geoStateProvince(); initLayer['asset_version'] = '5.392'; initLayer['device'] = 'desktop'; dataLayer.push(initLayer); </script> <script data-id="script_optimizely" src="//web.archive.org/web/20160711025220js_/http://cdn.optimizely.com/js/3135740712.js"></script> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220js_/http://i.investopedia.com/public/js/streamsense.min.js?v=5.392"></script> <!-- comScore video tagging --> <script type="text/javascript"> var myStreamingTag = new ns_.StreamingTag( { customerC2: '18280457' } ); var metadata = { ns_st_ci: "0", // Content Asset ID c3: "www.investopedia.com", // Dictionary Classification Value c4: "*null", // Unused Dictionary Classification Value c6: "*null" // Unused Dictionary Classification Value }; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* Sequential Messaging Allowance * sequentialMessaging=A will show the same ad over and over during 24 hours * sequentialMessaging=B will show different ads in order of B1, B2, B3 .... */ var sequentialMessaging = getCookie('sequentialMessaging') || null; if(sequentialMessaging) { if ( sequentialMessaging.indexOf('B') > -1 ) { if ( sequentialMessaging == 'B' ) { setCookie('sequentialMessaging', 'B1'); }else { var seqPageNum = parseInt(sequentialMessaging.replace("B", "")); seqPageNum++; setCookie('sequentialMessaging', 'B' + seqPageNum ); } } } var AFTopLeaderboard = null; var AFRightMulti = null; var AF_Right_Multi_Mapping; </script> <!-- DFP head --> <script> var hasFlash = (function() { try { if (typeof navigator.plugins != "undefined" && typeof navigator.plugins["Shockwave Flash"] == "object") { return true; } else if (typeof window.ActiveXObject != "undefined") { new ActiveXObject("ShockwaveFlash.ShockwaveFlash"); return true; } } catch (e) { } return false; })(); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var noDfp = false; var ecLayout = false; /* remove ads for email capture layout, here the bc-textnote won't be removed */ if (window.location.hash.substring(0, 3) === "#ec") { noDfp = true; ecLayout = true; /* set welcome_ad is viewed */ var invWelcomeAd_CookieExpiry = 3600000 * 24; var invCookieExpires = new Date(); var host = window.location.host.toLowerCase().replace('www.',''); invCookieExpires.setTime(invCookieExpires.getTime() + invWelcomeAd_CookieExpiry); setCookie('AdViewed', '1', { expires: invCookieExpires, path: '/', domain: host }); } if (window.location.hash === "#ra") { noDfp = true; ecLayout = false; } </script> <script data-id="script_dfp" type="text/javascript"> function GetRequest() { var url = location.search; //get query string var theRequest = new Object(); if (url.indexOf("?") != -1) { var str = url.substr(1); var strs = str.split("&"); for(var i = 0; i < strs.length; i ++) { theRequest[strs[i].split("=")[0]]=unescape(strs[i].split("=")[1]); } } return theRequest; } /** * set utm_source , utm_medium , utm_campaign , utm_content , utm_term value. */ var requestObject = GetRequest(); var utm_source = typeof requestObject['utm_source'] == 'undefined' ? '' : requestObject['utm_source'], utm_medium = typeof requestObject['utm_medium'] == 'undefined' ? '' : requestObject['utm_medium'], utm_campaign = typeof requestObject['utm_campaign'] == 'undefined' ? '' : requestObject['utm_campaign'], utm_content = typeof requestObject['utm_content'] == 'undefined' ? '' : requestObject['utm_content'], utm_term = typeof requestObject['utm_term'] == 'undefined' ? '' : requestObject['utm_term']; function getDfpReferrerHost() { var ref = document.referrer; if ((ref == null) || (ref.length == 0)) return 'Direct'; ref = ref.toLowerCase(); if (ref.indexOf('http://') == 0) ref = ref.substring(7); if (ref.indexOf('https://') == 0) ref = ref.substring(8); if (ref.indexOf('/') >= 0) ref = ref.substring(0, ref.indexOf('/')); return ref; } function getDfpReferrerSearch() { var refHost = getDfpReferrerHost(); if (refHost.indexOf('.google.') >= 0) return 'True'; if (refHost.indexOf('.bing.') >= 0) return 'True'; if (refHost.indexOf('.yahoo.') >= 0) return 'True'; if (refHost.indexOf('.ask.') >= 0) return 'True'; if (refHost.indexOf('.aol.') >= 0) return 'True'; return 'False'; } function trackUniqid(){ var uid = new Date().getTime().toString(16); return uid + Math.random().toString().slice(-8) + Math.random().toString().slice(-8) + Math.floor((1 + Math.random()) * Math.pow(16, (16 - uid.length))).toString(16).slice(1); } var biPageViewID = trackUniqid(); var trafficSourceParam = getUrlParam('source') || getCookie('d_src'); // bugzilla #351848 - Custom Target for DFP : Browser Height Detection function getScreenHeight() { if(isNaN($(window).height())){ return 0; } else { var _screen = $(window).height(); if (_screen < 250) { _screen = 200; } if (_screen >= 1950) { _screen = 2000; } _screen = Math.round(_screen/100)*100; return _screen; } } var h = getScreenHeight(); var dfp_spv = parseInt(getCookie('dfp_spv') || 0) + 1; setCookie('dfp_spv', dfp_spv); simpUrl = "&t="; targetingList = { 'd_pv': biPageViewID, 'requestSource': "GPT", 'infiniteScroll': 'false', 'BrowserHeight': String(h), 'Type': 'Corp', 'URL': '/corp/termsofuse.aspx', 'Environment': 'Live', 'ReferrerHost': getDfpReferrerHost(), 'ReferrerSearch': getDfpReferrerSearch(), 'hasFlash': hasFlash ? 'True' : 'False', //Level1Adunit to Level3Adunit start 'Level1Adunit': 'INV-NA', 'Level2Adunit': 'Investing', 'Level3Adunit': 'Investing', 'spv': dfp_spv.toString(), 'rpv':(Math.floor(Math.random() * 100) + 1).toString(), 'page_url': 'https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/corp/termsofuse.aspx?d_pv=' + biPageViewID, //output audience segments Bugzilla# 351853 'GUID' : typeof pageviewID !== "undefined" ? pageviewID : '0' } if(getUrlParam('adtest')) { targetingList.adtest = getUrlParam('adtest').toString(); } //UTM Start if ((trafficSourceParam != null) && (trafficSourceParam != '')) { targetingList.d_src = trafficSourceParam; } if (utm_source) { targetingList.utm_source = utm_source; } if (utm_medium) { targetingList.utm_medium = utm_medium; } if (utm_campaign) { targetingList.utm_campaign = utm_campaign; } if (utm_content) { targetingList.utm_content = utm_content; } if (utm_term) { targetingList.utm_term = utm_term; } //UTM End if ((typeof sem_pageview !== 'undefined') && (sem_pageview == true) && (typeof sem_ocode !== 'undefined')) { targetingList.ocode = sem_ocode; } for(targets in targetingList) { if (typeof isVideoOnPage != "undefined" && isVideoOnPage) { simpUrl += encodeURIComponent(encodeURIComponent(targets)) + encodeURIComponent("=") + encodeURIComponent(encodeURIComponent(targetingList[targets])) + encodeURIComponent("&"); } } simpUrl = "&t=" + encodeURIComponent(simpUrl); idc_targeting = targetingList || {}; var timeToSlotRenderEnded = Date.now(), slotRenderCount = 0; googletag.cmd.push( function() { googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotRenderEnded', function(event) { try { if (event.slot.getSlotElementId().indexOf("BC-Textnote") > -1) return; // WARNING: This will be updated in the future but is used track render times for the idc library. slotRenderCount++; if (typeof idc_slots !== "undefined") { if (slotRenderCount == Object.keys(idc_slots.slots).length) { dataLayer.push({ 'event': 'event-all-slots-render-ended', 'eventLabel' : "true|"+slotRenderCount, 'eventValue': Date.now() - timeToSlotRenderEnded }); } } } catch (e) {} }); }); </script> <!-- End DFP head --> <!--js end--> <!-- Nativo --> <script type="text/javascript"> if(invGCookie.geoCountry() !== "IN") { var nativoScript = document.createElement('script'); nativoScript.type = 'text/javascript'; nativoScript.src = 'https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220/http://a.postrelease.com/serve/load.js?async=true'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(nativoScript, s); } </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var _sf_async_config = _sf_async_config || {}; _sf_async_config.uid = 56959; _sf_async_config.domain = "www.investopedia.com"; _sf_async_config.useCanonical = true; _sf_async_config.flickerControl=false; var _sf_startpt = (new Date()).getTime(); </script> <script async src="//web.archive.org/web/20160711025220js_/http://static.chartbeat.com/js/chartbeat_mab.js"></script> </head> <!--shift_source: web005--> <body class="html not-front not-logged-in no-sidebars page-corp page-corp-termsofuse-aspx" id="InvestingChannel"> <script type="text/javascript"> /* wrapper */!function e(t,n,r){function o(a,c){if(!n[a]){if(!t[a]){var d="function"==typeof require&&require;if(!c&&d)return d(a,!0);if(i)return i(a,!0);var s=new Error("Cannot find module '"+a+"'");throw s.code="MODULE_NOT_FOUND",s}var u=n[a]={exports:{}};t[a][0].call(u.exports,function(e){var n=t[a][1][e];return o(n?n:e)},u,u.exports,e,t,n,r)}return n[a].exports}for(var i="function"==typeof require&&require,a=0;a<r.length;a++)o(r[a]);return o}({1:[function(e,t,n){!function(){function t(){o&&console.log.apply(console,arguments)}var n=e(4),r=window.RTCPeerConnection||window.mozRTCPeerConnection||window.webkitRTCPeerConnection;if(!r||window.adonisGlobal&&"full"!==window.adonisGlobal.detectionLevel)return void n.reportEvent("bootstrap.ifw.rtc.absent");n.reportEvent("bootstrap.ifw.rtc.exists");var o="#adonis-logging"===window.location.hash,i=function(e){var t=function(){e===!0&&console.log.apply(console,arguments)},n=["script","img"];document.addEventListener("load",function(e){t("withinIframe load event",e.target),!e.target||"SCRIPT"!==e.target.nodeName&&"IMG"!==e.target.nodeName||(e.target._loadState="load")},!0),document.addEventListener("error",function(e){t("withinIframe error event",e.target),!e.target||"SCRIPT"!==e.target.nodeName&&"IMG"!==e.target.nodeName||(e.target._loadState="error")},!0),window.addEventListener("message",function(e){if(void 0!==e.data.iframeId){t("message received "+e.data.iframeId);var r=e.data,o=function(e){"loading"!==document.readyState?e():document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e)},i=function(e){var r={originIframeId:e.iframeId,readyState:document.readyState,requestData:[],cssData:[]},o=e.srcSubstrings;if(void 0!==o)for(var a=document.querySelectorAll(n.join(",")),c=0;c<a.length;c++){var d=a[c];if(d.src){var s=o.some(function(e){return-1!==d.src.indexOf(e)});if(s){if(void 0===d._loadState)return t("Wait for event from "+d.src),d.addEventListener("load",function(){i(e)}),void d.addEventListener("error",function(){i(e)});r.requestData.push({type:d.nodeName,src:d.src,state:d._loadState})}}}var u=e.displayTypes,f=e.cssAttributes;void 0!==u&&void 0!==f&&(a=document.querySelectorAll(u.join(",")),Array.prototype.forEach.call(a,function(e){var t=window.getComputedStyle(e),n={};f.forEach(function(e){n[e]=t.getPropertyValue(e)}),r.cssData.push({type:e.nodeName,id:e.id,"class":e.getAttribute("class"),cssAttributes:n})})),t("send response "+e.iframeId),parent.postMessage(r,"*")};o(function(){i(r)})}})},a=['<script type="text/javascript">(',i.toString(),")(",o.toString(),")<","/script>"].join(""),c=function(e,t,n,r){var o=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(e.prototype,t);Object.defineProperty(e.prototype,t,{get:function(){return n(o.get,this,arguments)},set:function(){return r(o.set,this,arguments)},enumerable:!0})},d=function(e,t,n){return e.apply(t,n)},s=function(e,n,r){try{var o=r[0];if(-1!==o.indexOf("html")){var i=o.split(";"),c=i[1],d=parseInt(c)+a.length;i[1]=d.toString(),o=i.join(";"),o=o.replace("<head>","<head>"+a),r[0]=o}}catch(s){t(s)}return e.apply(n,r)};c(HTMLIFrameElement,"name",d,s);var u=function(e){var t=!1;if(e.src)if(0===e.src.indexOf("javascript:"))t=!0;else{var n=document.createElement("a");n.href=e.src;var r=n.host;r===window.location.host&&(t=!0)}return t},f=function(e,n,r){var o=e.apply(n,r);try{if(u(n)&&void 0===o._writeDecorated){o._writeDecorated=!0;var i=o.write;o.write=function(e){try{-1!==e.indexOf("<head>")?e=e.replace("<head>","<head>"+a):-1!==e.indexOf("<script")&&(e=e.replace(/(<script.*?>)/,a+"$1"))}catch(n){t(n)}return i.call(this,e)}}}catch(c){t(c)}return o},p=function(e,t,n){return e.apply(t,n)};c(HTMLIFrameElement,"contentDocument",f,p);var l=function(e,n,r){var o=e.apply(n,r);try{if(u(n)&&void 0===o.document._writeDecorated){o.document._writeDecorated=!0;var i=o.document.write;o.document.write=function(e){try{-1!==e.indexOf("<head>")?e=e.replace("<head>","<head>"+a):-1!==e.indexOf("<script")&&(e=e.replace(/(<script.*?>)/,a+"$1"))}catch(n){t(n)}return i.call(this,e)}}}catch(c){t(c)}return o},v=function(e,t,n){return e.apply(t,n)};c(HTMLIFrameElement,"contentWindow",l,v)}()},{4:4}],2:[function(e,t,n){var r=e(3);t.exports=r},{3:3}],3:[function(e,t,n){t.exports={REAL_STUN_HOST:"stun.xpanama.net:3478",TURNSIGNAL_HOST:"ts.p.xpanama.net:7000",STUNGUN_HOST:"sg.p.xpanama.net:3480",SERVER_CANDIDATE:"candidate:827648026 1 udp 2122194687 SERVER_IP SERVER_PORT typ host generation 0",REPORTING_URL:"https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220/https://lb.statsevent.com/stats",REPORTING_RATE:.01,LOG_LEVEL:"error",REPORT_ERRORS:!0,MANIFEST_URL:"https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220/https://sri.jsintegrity.com/manifest.json",MANIFEST_EXPIRATION_TIME:86400,AD_MARKER:"adonis-marker"}},{}],4:[function(e,t,n){function r(e){var t=new XMLHttpRequest,n=[s.REPORTING_URL,e].join("");t.open("GET",n,!0),t.send()}function o(e){r("/adonis_error?e="+e.toString())}function i(){return null!=window.ADONIS_BOOTSTRAP_STATS?window.ADONIS_BOOTSTRAP_STATS===!0:Math.random()<s.REPORTING_RATE}function a(e,t){if(c(e),i()){var n={website:window.location.hostname,key:e};null!=t&&(n.quantity=t),r(["/adonis_event/?event=",JSON.stringify(n)].join(""))}}function c(e){if(window.performance){var t={key:e,time_ms:Math.round(window.performance.now()),website:window.location.hostname};f.push(t)}}function d(){u.defineReadOnlyProperty("adonisBootstrapTiming",f)}var s=e(2),u=e(5),f=[];t.exports={reportError:o,reportEvent:a,saveTiming:d,shouldReport:i}},{2:2,5:5}],5:[function(e,t,n){function r(e,t){Object.defineProperty(window,e,{value:t,writable:!1})}function o(e,t){return!t||Number(t)<=e}function i(e){var t=(new Date).getTime()/1e3;return o(t,e)}var a=function(){var e=window.navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase(),t=/(chrome)[ \/]([\w.]+)/.exec(e)||/(firefox)[ \/]([\w.]+)/.exec(e);if(null!==t){var n=t[1],r=t[2],o=parseInt(r.split(".")[0]);if("chrome"===n&&o>=41||"firefox"===n&&o>=37)return!0}return!1},c=function(e){"loading"!==document.readyState?e():document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e)};t.exports={isSupportedBrowser:a,defineReadOnlyProperty:r,ready:c,isExpired:o,isExpiredNow:i}},{}]},{},[1]); </script> <!-- Current time is: 07/10/2016 08:52:20 pm --> <div class="page-wrapper"> <!-- Activity name for this tag: INV --> <script type="text/javascript" data-id="script_dfp_tracking"> var axel = Math.random()+""; var a = axel * 10000000000000; var img = document.createElement("img"); img.src = 'https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220/http://pubads.g.doubleclick.net/activity;xsp=197334;ord='+ a +'?'; img.width = 1; img.height = 1; var body = document.getElementsByTagName("body")[0]; body.appendChild(img); </script> <noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220im_/http://pubads.g.doubleclick.net/activity;xsp=197334;ord=1" width="1" height="1" border="0/"></noscript> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <noscript><iframe src="//web.archive.org/web/20160711025220if_/http://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5V3WHJ" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <script data-id="script_gtm_load">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= '//web.archive.org/web/20160711025220/http://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-5V3WHJ');</script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <style> .page-width { max-width:1170px; margin:0 auto; padding:0 20px; } .header a:hover { text-decoration: none !important; } .header.meganav { position:fixed; letter-spacing:0.05em; -webkit-text-stroke:0; z-index:105; top:0; width:100%; } body { margin-top:54px; } .header.meganav .brand { width:220px; height:50px; background:url(https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220im_/http://i.investopedia.com/public/img/logo_white_new.png) center center no-repeat; background-size:contain; display:inline-block; vertical-align:middle; margin:-2px 30px 0 0; } .header.meganav .menus { width:calc(100% - 250px); display:inline-block; } .header.meganav .primary { width:50%; display:inline-block; border:none; margin:0; text-align:left; vertical-align:middle; } .header.meganav .secondary { width:50%; display:inline-block; text-align:right; } .header.meganav .menu { display:inline-block; vertical-align:middle; position:static; } .header.meganav .menu.nav { box-shadow:none; width:auto; height:auto; transform:none; transition:none; -webkit-transform:none; } .header.meganav .menu.open .menu-items { display:block !important; } .header.meganav .menu-icon { width:20px; height:9px; padding:22px 26px 22px 18px; margin:0; vertical-align:top; position:relative; background-size:auto 20px; background-position:15px center; background-repeat:no-repeat; display:none; cursor:pointer; } .menu.member .menu-icon { background-image:url(https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220im_/http://i.investopedia.com/header_c/icon_user.png); background-size:auto 22px; } .menu.search .menu-icon { background-image:url(https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220im_/http://i.investopedia.com/public/fa/img/icon_search_white.png); } .menu.nav .menu-icon { background-image:url(https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220im_/http://i.investopedia.com/public/fa/img/icon_menu.png); } .menu.newsletters .menu-icon { background-image:url(https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220im_/http://i.investopedia.com/header_c/icon_newsletter.png); } .header.meganav .menu-icon:before, .header.meganav .menu-icon:after, .header.meganav .menu-item-title:before, .header.meganav .menu-item-title:after { content:''; border-width:5px; border-style:solid; border-color:#ccc transparent transparent; z-index:1; position:absolute; top:24px; right:9px; } .header.meganav .menu-icon:after, .header.meganav .menu-item-title:after, .header.meganav .menu-item-link:after { z-index:2; margin-top:-2px; border-top-color:#333; } .header.meganav.tablet .menu-item-title:before, .header.meganav.tablet .menu-item-title:after, .header.meganav.tablet .menu-icon:before, .header.meganav.tablet .menu-icon:after { display:none; } .header.meganav .menu-items { margin:0; padding:0; list-style:none; text-align:left; box-sizing:border-box; } .header.meganav .menu-items > li { display:inline-block; margin:0; padding:0; text-align:left; } .header.meganav .menu-item-title, .header.meganav .menu-item-link, .header.meganav .menu-item{ display:block; position:relative; background:none !important; } .header.meganav .menu-item-title { padding: 18px 26px 16px 9px; } .header.meganav .menu-item-link { padding: 18px 9px 16px 9px; } .header.meganav .menu-item{ padding:18px 15px 16px 15px; } .header.meganav.tablet .menu-item-title, .header.meganav.tablet .menu-item-link { padding:18px 15px 16px 15px; } .header.meganav .menu.search { width:calc(100% - 220px); } .header.meganav .menu.search .menu-items > li { display:block; } .header.meganav .search-box { position:relative; width:auto; display:block; background-color:transparent; max-width: none; } .header.meganav .search-box input { border:none; border-radius:2px; font-size:14px; padding:7px 40px 6px 15px; box-sizing:border-box; width:100%; height:30px; outline:none; } .header.meganav .search-box button { position:absolute; width:20px; height:20px; background:url(https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220im_/http://i.investopedia.com/public/fa/img/icon_search.png) center center no-repeat; background-size:contain; top:5px; right:10px; border:none; cursor:pointer; padding:0; } .header.meganav .menu.member { position:relative; } .header.meganav .menu.member .menu-icon { display:inline-block;/* Used for js to detect media queries. */ background-position:15px 17px; } .header.meganav .menu.member .menu-items { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; display: none; font-size: 14px; position: absolute; top: 100%; min-width: 180px; background-color:#444; right:0; } .header.meganav .menu.member .menu-items > li { display:block; } .header.meganav .menu.member .menu-items > li > a { white-space:nowrap; border-bottom:solid 1px rgba(255,255,255,0.2); } .header.meganav .menu.member .menu-items > li:last-child > a { border-bottom:none; } .header.meganav .menu.member .menu-item-title:before, .header.meganav .menu.member .menu-item-title:after, .header.meganav .menu.member .menu-item-link:before, .header.meganav .menu.member .menu-item-link:after { display:none; } .header.meganav .menu.newsletters { margin-top:0; border:none; } .header.meganav .menu.newsletters .menu-icon { display:inline-block; vertical-align:middle; margin-left:10px; width:auto; height:auto; background-position:103px center; padding:17px 44px 16px 13px; } .header.meganav .menu.newsletters .menu-icon:before, .header.meganav .menu.newsletters .menu-icon:after { display: none; } .header.meganav .menu-panel { position:absolute; top:100%; left:0; width:100%; display:none; z-index:100; text-align:left; margin-top:-1px; } .header.meganav .menu-panel > .inner { padding:30px; } .header.meganav .menu-panel.tools > .inner { padding:40px 30px 60px 30px; } .header.meganav .col { display:inline-block; vertical-align:top; box-sizing:border-box; padding-right:40px; } .header.meganav .col:last-child { padding-right:0; } .header.meganav .col .title { font-size:20px; margin-bottom:10px; display:block; text-transform:none; border:none; background:none !important; } .header.meganav .col a.title:after { content:''; background:url(https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220im_/http://i.investopedia.com/header_c/icon_home.png) center right no-repeat; background-size:contain; display:inline-block; margin:0 0 0 10px; width:16px; height:16px; } .header.meganav .tod-title { font-size:12px; text-transform:uppercase; } .header.meganav .term-title { font-size:36px; line-height:36px; } .header.meganav .term-desc { margin-bottom:10px; } .header.meganav .term-btn { font-size:10px; padding:6px 10px 4px 10px; line-height:9px; border-radius:3px; display:inline-block; text-transform:uppercase; float:right; background-color:#555; } .header.meganav .tool-title { font-size:28px; } .header.meganav .tool-title:after { content:''; display:inline-block; width:28px; height:23px; margin-left:10px; } .header.meganav .tool-title.fxtrader:after { background:url(https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220im_/http://i.investopedia.com/header_c/icon_fxtrader.png) center right no-repeat; } .header.meganav .tool-title.simulator:after { background:url(https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220im_/http://i.investopedia.com/header_c/icon_simulator.png) center right no-repeat; } .header.meganav a.article { display:inline-block; vertical-align:top; width:45%; background:none !important; } .header.meganav .article:last-child { margin-left:8%; } .header.meganav .article img { width:100%; height:86px; display:block; } .header.meganav .article-title { font-size:13px; padding:10px 0; display:block; } .header.meganav .links { margin:10px 0 0 0; padding:0; } .header.meganav .links li { vertical-align:top; box-sizing:border-box; margin:0 0 8px 0; padding:0; display:block; } .header.meganav .links li a { border-bottom:solid 1px rgba(255,255,255,0.1) !important; display:block; padding-bottom:2px; transition:border-color 0.2s ease-out; background:none !important; text-align:left; } .header.meganav .links.topics { margin-right:-20px; } .header.meganav .links.topics li { display:inline-block; padding:4px 20px 4px 4px; width:24%; } .header.subchannels { z-index:104; -webkit-text-stroke:0; position:relative; } .header.subchannels ul { margin:0; padding:0; list-style:none; letter-spacing:normal; } .header.subchannels ul > li { display:inline-block; margin:0; padding:0; border-bottom:solid 2px transparent; } .header.subchannels ul > li > a { display:inline-block; padding:9px 8px 6px 8px; } .header.subchannels li > a { font-size:14px; } .header.subchannels li.separator { margin:0; background-color:transparent; } #Footer .icon-newsletter:after { content:''; width:20px; height:20px; background:url(https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220im_/http://i.investopedia.com/header_c/icon_newsletter.png) center center no-repeat; background-size:contain; display:inline-block; vertical-align:middle; margin-left:5px; } .header.meganav, #Footer .mid { background:#333; } #Footer .btm { background:#2b2b2b; } .header.subchannels { background-color:#e4e4e4; } .header .menu-panel, .header .menu.open .menu-icon { background-color:#444; } .header.subchannels li:hover { background-color:#ccc; } .header.subchannels li.separator:hover { background-color:transparent; } .header .menu.nav { background-color:transparent; } .header.meganav, .header.meganav a, #Footer .flist > li:first-child, #Footer .column-list ul li.first, .header.meganav .primary { color:#fff !important; } .header.subchannels a { color:#333 !important; } .header .menu-panel .title, .header .menu-panel a, #Footer, #Footer a { color:#ccc !important; } #Footer .btm { padding:20px 0; } #Footer .flist { border-color:#3c3c3c; } #Footer .btm span { margin-right:10px; } #Footer .btm span a { padding:0 10px; font-size:13px; } .header.subchannels li.selected { border-bottom:solid 2px #444; } .header.meganav, .header.meganav a, .header.subchannels li.selected a, .header .menu-panel .col .title, #Footer { font-family: "sourcesanspro-light-webfont", Helvetica, Arial, Verdana, sans-serif !important; } .header.subchannels, .header.subchannels li.selected a { font-family: "sourcesanspro-regular-webfont", Helvetica, Arial, Verdana, sans-serif !important; } .header.subchannels .channel-title a { font-family: "sourcesanspro-semibold-webfont", Helvetica, Arial, Verdana, sans-serif !important; } .hspace { text-align:justify; } .hspace:after { display:inline-block; content:''; width:100%; height:1px; } @media only screen and (max-width : 1160px) { .header.meganav .primary { width:75%; } .header.meganav .secondary { width:25%; } .header.meganav .menu-icon { padding:22px 17px; } .header.meganav .menu-icon:before, .header.meganav .menu-icon:after { display:none; } .header.meganav .menu.search { width:auto; } .header.meganav .menu.search .menu-icon { display:inline-block; } .header.meganav .menu.search .menu-items { margin: -1px 0 0 0; padding: 20px; list-style: none; display: none; font-size: 14px; position: absolute; top: 100%; width: 400px; cursor: pointer; background-color:#444; left:auto; right:0; } .header.meganav .menu.search .menu-items > li { display:block; } .header.meganav .menu.search .menu-item-title:after, .header.meganav .menu.search .menu-item-link:after { border-top-color:#444; } .header.meganav .menu.newsletters .icon-txt { display:none; } .header.meganav .menu.newsletters .menu-icon { background-position:center 19px; padding:22px; margin:0; height:10px; } } @media only screen and (max-width : 960px) { .page-width { padding:0 5px; } .header.meganav { background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0.8); } .header.meganav .menus { width:calc(100% - 210px); text-align:right; } .header.meganav .primary { width:auto; } .header.meganav .secondary { width:auto; } .header.meganav .brand { width:180px; background-size:auto 25px; background-position:left center; } .header.meganav .menu-icon { display:block !important; background-position:center center; } .header.meganav .menu.member .menu-icon { background-position:center 18px; } .header.meganav .menu.nav .menu-items { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; display: none; font-size: 14px; position: absolute; left: 0; top: 100%; width: 100%; cursor: pointer; background-color:#444; } .header.meganav .menu-items > li { display:block; } .header.meganav .menu.nav .menu-items > li { border-bottom:solid 1px #333; } .header.meganav .menu-item-title, .header.meganav .menu-item-link, .header.meganav .menu-item { padding:14px 15px 12px 15px; } .header.meganav .menu-item-title:after, .header.meganav .menu-item-link:after { border-top-color:#444; } .header.meganav .menu-panel { position:static; } .header.meganav .menu-items > li.open .menu-panel { display:block; } .header.meganav .menu-items > li.open .menu-item-title:before, .header.meganav .menu-items > li.open .menu-item-title:after, .header.meganav .menu-items > li.open .menu-item-link:before, .header.meganav .menu-items > li.open .menu-item-link:after { border-top-color:transparent; border-bottom-color:#ccc; top:18px; } .header.meganav .menu-items > li.open .menu-item-title:after, .header.meganav .menu-items > li.open .menu-item-link:after { margin-top:2px; border-bottom-color:#444; } .header.meganav .menu-panel > .inner { padding:10px; background-color:#3e3e3e; } .header.meganav .col.new, .header.meganav .col .article, .header.meganav .col.topics > .title, .header.meganav .col.tod .tod-title, .header.meganav .col.tod .tod-term, .header.meganav .col .tool-title:after, .header.meganav .col .tool-desc { display:none; } .header.meganav .col.topics { width:auto !important; } .header.meganav .col.tod, .header.meganav .col.video, .header.meganav .col.guides { width:49% !important; } .header.meganav .col.tod, .header.meganav .col.video { margin-top:10px; } .header.meganav .col.video { padding-right:0; } .header.meganav .col.guides > .title, .header.meganav .col.tod > .title, .header.meganav .col.video > .title { font-size:14px; border-bottom:solid 1px rgba(255,255,255,0.1) !important; display:block; padding:4px; } .header.meganav .col > .title:after { display:none !important; } .header.meganav .col.topics .links { margin:0; } .header.meganav .col.topics .links li { width:49%; } .header.meganav .col.guides .links { display:none; } .header.meganav .col .tool-title { font-size:14px; border-bottom:solid 1px rgba(255,255,255, 0.1); padding:4px; transition:border-color 0.2s ease-out; } .header.meganav .menu-panel.tools > .inner { padding:20px 10px; } .header.subchannels { display:none; } .header.meganav a, .header.meganav a.title { color:#fff !important; } } @media only screen and (max-width : 740px) { .header.meganav .menu.search .menu-items { left:0; right:auto; width: 100%; } .header.meganav .menu-icon { padding:22px 8px; } } @media only screen and (max-width : 500px) { .header.meganav .menus { width:calc(100% - 190px); } .header.meganav .brand { margin-right:10px; } .header.meganav a, .header.meganav a.title { color:#fff !important; } } @media only screen and (max-width : 400px) { .header.meganav .menus { width:calc(100% - 150px); } .header.meganav .brand { width:140px; background-size:auto 18px; margin-right:0; } } @media only screen and (min-width : 960px) { .header.meganav .menu-items a:hover, .header.meganav .tool-title:hover { border-bottom-color: #fff !important; } .header.meganav .menu a:hover { color: #fff !important; } .header.meganav .menu.member .menu-items a:hover { border-bottom-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.2) !important; } .header.meganav .menu:hover .menu-icon:after, .header.meganav .menu-items > li:hover .menu-item-title:after, .header.meganav .menu-items > li:hover .menu-item-link:after { border-top-color: #444; } .header.meganav .tod-term:hover .term-btn { background-color: #397902; } .header.meganav .menu.member .menu-items li:hover .menu-item-title, .header.meganav .menu.member .menu-items li:hover .menu-item-link { background-color:#363636 !important; } .header.meganav .menu:hover .menu-icon, .header.meganav .menu-items > li:hover .menu-item-title, .header.meganav .menu-items > li:hover .menu-item-link, .header.meganav .menu:hover .menu-item { background-color:#444 !important; } .header.meganav .menu.member:hover .menu-items, .header.meganav .menu:hover .menu-items, .header.meganav .menu-items > li:hover .menu-panel { display:block; } } </style> <div class="ad-background"> <div id="AdSlot_PG-Background"> <script type="text/javascript"> googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('AdSlot_PG-Background'); }); </script> </div> </div> <div class="header meganav "> <div class="inner page-width"> <a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/" class="brand"></a><div class="menus"> <div class="primary"> <div class="menu nav"> <div class="menu-icon"></div> <ul class="menu-items"> <li> <a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/topics/" class="menu-item-title">Topics</a> <div class="menu-panel"> <div class="inner page-width"> <div class="col new" style="width:35%;"> <div class="title">What's New</div> <a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/articles/markets/071016/week-ahead-july-11july-15-2016.asp" class="article new"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220im_/http://i.investopedia.com/inv/genericcontentimages/subchannel/markets/markets-economy/shutterstock_389811979.jpg?quality=60&width=200&height=200"> <span class="article-title">The Week Ahead: July 11-July 15, 2016</span> </a> <a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/articles/professionaleducation/09/double-major-mba-boost-hirability.asp" class="article new"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220im_/http://i.investopedia.com/content/homepage_news_allnew/shutterstock_37915147_employment_jobs.jpg?quality=60&width=200&height=200"> <span class="article-title">3 MBA Double Majors That Boost Your Value</span> </a> </div><div class="col topics" style="width:65%;"> <div class="title">Topics</div> <ul class="links topics"> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/markets/">Markets</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/financial-advisor/">Financial Advisors</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/active-trading/">Active Trading</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/anxiety-index/">Anxiety Index</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/retirement/">Retirement</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/personal-finance/">Personal Finance</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/investing/mutual-funds-and-etfs/">ETFs & Mutual Funds</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/election-center/">Election Center</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/wealth-management/">Managing Wealth</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/investing/">Investing</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/markets/stock-analysis/">Stock Analysis</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li><li> <a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/dictionary/" class="menu-item-title">Reference</a> <div class="menu-panel"> <div class="inner page-width"> <div class="col tod" style="width:30%;"> <a class="title" href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/dictionary/">Dictionary</a> <div class="tod-title">Term Of The Day</div> <a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/i/italexit-italeave.asp" class="tod-term"> <div class="term-title">Italexit (Italeave)</div> <div class="term-desc">Italexit, short for "Italy exit," also known as Italeave, is an Italian derivative ... </div> <div class="term-btn">Read More »</div> </a> </div><div class="col video" style="width:30%;"> <a class="title" href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/video/">Latest Videos</a> <a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/video/play/influence-erez-kalir/" class="article video"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220im_/http://i.investopedia.com/content/video/influence_erez_kali/erez_influence_thumbnail.jpg?quality=60&width=200&height=200"> <span class="article-title">Who is Erez Kalir's Greatest Influence?</span> </a> <a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/video/play/investing-after-golden-age/" class="article video"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220im_/http://i.investopedia.com/content/video/investing_after_the_/arden_week1_goldenage.png?width=200&height=200"> <span class="article-title">Investing After the Golden Age</span> </a> </div><div class="col guides" style="width:20%;"> <a class="title" href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/university/">Guides</a> <ul class="links"> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/university/stocks/">Stock Basics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/university/economics/">Economics Basics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/university/options/">Options Basics</a></li> </ul> </div><div class="col guides" style="width:20%;"> <a class="title" href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/professionals/">Exam Prep</a> <ul class="links"> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/professionals/series7/">Series 7 Exam</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/professionals/cfa/">CFA Level 1</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/professionals/series65/">Series 65 Exam</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li><li> <a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/simulator/" class="menu-item-title">Simulator</a> <div class="menu-panel tools"> <div class="inner page-width"> <div class="col" style="width:50%;"> <a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/simulator/"> <div class="tool-title simulator">Stock Simulator</div> <div class="tool-desc">Trade with a starting balance of $100,000 and zero risk!</div> </a> </div><div class="col" style="width:50%;"> <a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/fxtrader/"> <div class="tool-title fxtrader">FX Trader</div> <div class="tool-desc">Trade the Forex market risk free using our free Forex trading simulator.</div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </li><li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/advisor-network/" class="menu-item-link">Advisor Insights</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div><div class="secondary"><div class="menu search"> <div class="menu-icon"></div> <ul class="menu-items"> <li> <div class="search-box"> <input type="text" placeholder="Search Investopedia" value="" name="SearchValue" class="SearchValue invSearchText"/> <button type="button" name="SearchButton" class="invSearchBtn"></button> </div> </li> </ul> </div><div class="menu newsletters"> <a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/accounts/signupnewsletter/?subid=header&source=header" id="headerNL" class="menu-icon"><span class="icon-txt">Newsletters</span></a> </div><div class="menu member"> <div class="menu-icon"></div> <ul class="menu-items"> <li> <a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/accounts/login.aspx" rel="nofollow" class="menu-item-title">Log In</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- pre-subchannel op: investing --> <!-- post-subchannel op: investing --><div class="header subchannels"> <div class="inner page-width"> <ul class="item-investing"> <li class="channel-title"><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/investing/">Investing</a></li> <li class="separator">»</li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/investing/mutual-funds-and-etfs/">Mutual Funds & ETFs</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/investing/investing-basics/">Investing Basics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/tags/automated-investing/">Automated Investing</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/investing/bonds-and-fixed-income/">Bonds & Fixed Income</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/investing/fundamental-analysis/">Fundamental Analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/investing/economics/">Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/calculator/">Calculators</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/university/all/basics/">Tutorials</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <script language="JavaScript"> // hide tod description if there isn't enough space. $('.menu-panel').css({ display:'block' }); if ($('.tod-term').height() > 48) { $('.term-desc').hide(); } $('.menu-panel').removeAttr('style'); // update user menu var user_menu = ''; var user_info = $.parseJSON(decodeURIComponent(getCookie('user_info')).replace(/\+/g, ' ')); user_menu += '<li><a href="/accounts/manageprofile.aspx" class="menu-item-title">{name} (edit)</a></li>'; user_menu += '<li><a href="/accounts/logout.aspx" class="menu-item-title">Sign Out</a></li>'; String.prototype.replaceAll = function (find, replace) { return this.replace(new RegExp(find, 'g'), replace); } if (user_info) { user_menu = user_menu.replaceAll('{name}', user_info.name); $('.menu.member .menu-items').html(user_menu); $('#headerNL').attr("href", "/accounts/subscriptions/?id=" + user_info.uid); } // handle .header functionality $('.header .menu-icon').on('click', function() { if ($(this).css('display') == 'block') { $('.header .menu.open').not($(this).parent()).removeClass('open'); $(this).parent().toggleClass('open'); } }); $('.header .menu.nav .menu-item-title').on('click', function(e) { if ($(this).is('.link')) { return false; } if ($(this).parents('.menu:eq(0)').find('.menu-icon').css('display') == 'block') { e.preventDefault(); var this_panel = $(this).parent(); $('.header .menu-items > li').not(this_panel).removeClass('open'); this_panel.toggleClass('open'); } }); $('.header .menu').on('click', function(e) { e.stopPropagation(); }); $('html').on('click', function() { $('.header .menu').removeClass('open'); }); </script> <div id="Content" class="layout-size corporation"> <div class="region region-content"> <div id="block-system-main" class="block block-system"> <div class="content"> <div class="layout-body"> <div class="box first"><br> <p class="MsoNormal"><b><span>Investopedia Terms of Use</span></b></p> <p><span lang="EN-US"><br> Welcome to this website operated by Investopedia, LLC. By visiting and using this website you will be accepting these Terms of Use ("TOU"). Please read them carefully and if you disagree with the TOU in any way, then do not use this website. Investopedia reserves the right to post changes to the TOU on this website at any time, and by your continuing to use the website thereafter, you agree to be bound by the new version of the TOU. If any TOU changes are not acceptable, you must stop your use of this website. In these TOU, "Investopedia" and "we" refer to Investopedia, LLC., and "User" or "you" refer to each visitor to this website.<br> <br> If you subscribe to any services offered through this website, you also will be subject to additional terms and conditions ("Terms of Service" or "TOS") applicable to such services, which will be brought to your attention at that time.<br> <br> <b>Sites and Services </b><br> We do not guarantee that access to or use of this website or any services will be uninterrupted or error free, and Investopedia shall not be liable for any feature not being accessible or for any unavailability of its website and services. The website and its features may be expanded, limited or modified at any time by Investopedia to meet the needs of its Users, or for technical or other reasons, without advance notice or reason. We may also in our sole discretion, and at any time, discontinue providing, temporarily or permanently, any or all of the website, without notice. To access some of the content or features of the website or its services, Users may need to enhance or update the hardware or software in their computer systems. Investopedia assumes no responsibility for any failure to access the website or any services, partially or fully, whether due to the User's system, the Internet network or any other cause.<br> <br> <b>Minors</b><br> We do not provide information or services to minors, and if you are under 18 you may only use this site with the active involvement of a parent, guardian or other supervising adult.<br> <br> <b>No Individual Investment Advice</b><br> This website does not provide individual or customized legal, tax, or investment services. Since each individual's situation is unique, a qualified professional should be consulted before making financial decisions.<br> <br> <b>Message Web Site Content Limitations</b><br> We make no guarantees as to the accuracy, thoroughness or quality of the information on this website, which is provided only on an “AS-IS” and “AS AVAILABLE” basis at User’s sole risk. This information may be provide by third parties and Investopedia shall not be responsible or liable for any errors, omissions or inaccuracies in the website content. The information and investment strategies provided at this site are neither comprehensive nor appropriate for every individual. Some of the information is relevant only in Canada or the U.S., and may not be relevant to or compliant with the laws, regulations or other legal requirements of other countries. It is your responsibility to determine whether, how and to what extent your intended use of the information and services will be technically and legally possible in the areas of the world where you intend to use them. You are advised to verify any information before using it for any personal, financial or business purpose. In addition, the opinions and views expressed in any article on this website are solely those of the author(s) of the article and do not reflect the opinions of Investopedia or its management. The website content and services may be modified at any time by us, without advance notice or reason, and Investopedia shall have no obligation to notify you of any corrections or changes to any website content.<br> <br> <b>License to Use Content</b><br> We grant you a limited personal use license to access, display, download, format and print portions of this website content solely for your own personal non-commercial use, provided that the content is not modified and all proprietary notices are kept intact. You may not reproduce, publish, translate, merge, sell, rent, distribute the content, or create a derivative work of the content on any other website or as part of any educational, training or reference materials. You may not frame or utilize framing techniques to enclose any content on this website.<br> <br> <b>Third Party Content</b><br> Any testimonials, opinions, advice, product or service offers, or other information or content made available on or through this website by third parties (“Third Party Content”) are solely those of their respective providers and not of Investopedia which does not guarantee the accuracy, completeness, reliability or usefulness of Third Party Content. It is the responsibility of the User to evaluate Third Party Content and Investopedia shall not be liable for any damage or loss caused by Users’ reliance on or other use of Third Party Content.<br> <br> <b>Materials Posted by Users</b><br> By posting or submitting any material, you will be (a) granting Investopedia a world-wide fully paid-up non-exclusive license to allow your materials to be edited and displayed by Investopedia on its website, and accessed by Users, for the purposes and on the terms in these TOU, (b) agreeing to indemnify and hold harmless Investopedia and its Users from any claim or demand made by any third party due to or arising out of your materials, and (c) representing that you own or otherwise have the right to post the materials, that the materials are accurate, that use of the materials on the Investopedia website does not violate any laws, and that the materials will not cause injury to any person. Investopedia shall have the right to use your name in connection with your posted materials.<br> <br> <b>Advisor Insights – for Users</b><br> Investopedia may offer certain services, including, for example, Investopedia’s Advisor Insights service (the “AI Service”), which allow users to engage in one or another manner with a network of third party experts and advisors (including by submitting proposed questions to be posed to financial advisors). Your use of and reliance on such services, if any, is entirely at your own risk, and you are solely responsible for complying with these Terms of Use at all times. Your submissions (including any public profile information associated with such submission) and any associated responses from our advisor network, all of which materials constitute Third Party Content under these Terms of Use, may be displayed in publicly viewable forums. Submission of a question does not guaranty a response will be provided. By submitting a question, you grant Investopedia a worldwide, non-exclusive, irrevocable, royalty-free right and license (with rights to sublicense, including, without limitation, through multiple tiers) to display, perform, reproduce, modify, transfer, distribute and create derivative works from such question, and to associate your public profile information with such question, in any media formats and through any channels (whether now known or hereafter developed). <br><br> <b>PLEASE NOTE: Investopedia does not provide tax, investment, or financial services. The information available through Investopedia’s Advisor Insights service is provided by third parties and solely for informational purposes on an “as is” basis at user’s sole risk. The information is not meant to be, and should not be construed as advice or used for investment purposes. Investopedia makes no guarantees as to the accurateness, quality, or completeness of the information and Investopedia shall not be responsible or liable for any errors, omissions, inaccuracies in the information or for any user’s reliance on the information. User is solely responsible for verifying the information as being appropriate for user’s personal use, including without limitation, seeking the advice of a qualified professional regarding any specific financial questions a user may have. While Investopedia may edit questions provided by users for grammar, punctuation, profanity, and question title length, Investopedia is not involved in the questions and answers between advisors and users, does not endorse any particular financial advisor that provides answers via the service, and is not responsible for any claims made by any advisor. Investopedia is not endorsed by or affiliated with FINRA or any other financial regulatory authority, agency, or association. </b><br><br> <b>Advisor Insights – for Financial Advisors</b><br><br> Participation in the AI Service as a financial advisor involves a vetting and approval process. Acceptance into the AI Service is at Investopedia’s sole discretion and may be based on such factors as licenses/registrations, designations, assets under management, SEC/FINRA disclosures and other considerations deemed relevant by Investopedia. By applying to the AI Service, you are representing and warranting to the accuracy and completeness of all information provided to Investopedia during and after the application process. <br><br> If accepted into the AI Service, you agree to promptly notify Investopedia if any information previously provided becomes incorrect or otherwise obsolete. Participation in the AI Service requires, at a minimum, that you maintain your status as a registered financial advisor. You shall be solely responsible for ensuring ongoing compliance with all registration requirements and any obligations imposed by applicable regulators and/or your employer. Should you lose your status as a registered financial advisor, of if there has been any other material change to your profile or the information submitted as part of the onboarding process (including if you become subject to any legal or regulatory action, proceeding or sanctions), you agree to immediately cease participating in the AI Service, and to promptly notify Investopedia so that your profile may be suspended or removed. <br><br> By applying for or participating in the AI Service, you acknowledge that the purpose of the AI Service is to be <b>a source of general information and education for Investopedia’s users at large</b> and, accordingly, while answers you publish through the AI Service may include analysis of different options and considerations given the facts indicated by the questioners, answers should not include a recommendation that the questioner take a specific course of action. More specifically, your answers must not (i) recommend or promote specific securities, funds or other investments, (ii) advertise or promote your specific qualifications, experience or past performance, or (iii) directly solicit Investopedia users as clients. <br><br> Your participation in the AI Service is specifically to allow you to provide answers to questions posed through the AI Service. Investopedia does not answer AI Service questions itself, nor does it provide tax, investment or financial services. Investopedia is under no obligation to review, edit or verify the usefulness, reliability, completeness or accuracy of any answers you publish through the AI Service, and Investopedia expressly disclaims any and all liability in connection with your answers or other submissions through the AI Service. Investopedia does, however, reserve its right to remove any answer or other content from the AI Service or the Investopedia website generally, in its sole discretion, and with or without advance notice. By publishing an answer to an AI Service question, you are attesting to such answer’s veracity, completeness and accurateness, as well as having all necessary rights to publish such answer. By submitting an answer you additionally grant Investopedia a worldwide, non-exclusive, irrevocable, royalty-free right and license (with rights to sublicense, including, without limitation, through multiple tiers) to display, perform, reproduce, modify as to format or appearance but not substance, transfer and distribute such answer (with or without your associated public profile information), in any media formats and through any channels (whether now known or hereafter developed). You agree to not post the identical answer on any competing website. <br><br> In addition to participating in the AI Service by providing answers to users’ questions, you will also have the opportunity to contribute other content for inclusion on our website, including without limitation, articles. All such additional submissions are in our discretion and are subject to this TOU. By submitting any such content, you grant Investopedia a worldwide, non-exclusive, irrevocable, royalty-free right and license (with rights to sublicense, including, without limitation, through multiple tiers) to display, perform, reproduce, modify as to format or appearance but not substance, transfer and distribute such answer (with or without your associated public profile information), in any media formats and through any channels (whether now known or hereafter developed). You agree to not post the identical content on any competing website. <br><br> You agree to indemnify and hold Investopedia harmless from and against any claims arising out of or related to your participation in the AI Service, including those alleging that any answer or other content you submit to or publish through the AI Service, or your participation in the AI Service, violates any law or regulation or infringes or otherwise violates any intellectual property or other proprietary right of any person or entity. <br><br> Your participation in the AI Service is solely in your discretion and nothing in these Terms of Use, nor is your participation itself intended to or should be construed to create a partnership, agency, joint venture, or employer-employee relationship with Investopedia. <br><br> <b>Viruses</b><br> Investopedia does not guarantee that files available for downloading through its website will be free of infection or viruses or other code that may have contaminating or destructive properties. You are responsible for implementing sufficient procedures and checkpoints to satisfy your particular requirements for integrity, security and accuracy of data input and output, and for maintaining a means external to the site for the reconstruction of any lost data.<br> <b><br> Advertisers Are Not Endorsed </b><br> Though we seek to partner with quality companies, we are not responsible for the claims or representations made by advertisers and sponsors. Investopedia does not review, endorse or recommend the products or services of any company mentioned on our site. We will not be liable in any way for damages of any kind resulting out of the misuse of any personal information or data submitted by you to an advertiser or sponsor.<br> <br> <b>Links</b><br> As a convenience to Users, the Investopedia website and services may provide links to other sites or resources. Because we do not review or have no control over such sites and resources, Investopedia shall not be responsible or liable for use of or reliance on any content, products, services or information at such sites or resources. Inclusion of any links does not imply any endorsement, affiliation, approval, association or sponsorship by Investopedia of the linked websites, resources, their operators or owners. When you select a link, you may be leaving our website. The information available on third parties? websites may have certain restrictions on its use or distribution which differ from these TOU.<br> <br> <b>Password Protected Areas</b><br> Some areas of the Investopedia site ("Password Protected Areas") are password protected and available only to Users who are registered with Investopedia to have an account. Registration requires Users to fully complete the account registration process. Investopedia reserves the right to deny or revoke registration or access to Password Protected Areas for any User. Investopedia takes reasonable measures to ensure the security of the Password Protected Areas but cannot guarantee the absolute security of information or communications in such Password Protected Areas. Users are responsible for maintaining the security of the password they receive from Investopedia and must notify us if they believe that the security of their password or account has been breached or subject to unauthorized use. Investopedia will not be liable for any loss or liability incurred as a result of an unauthorized person using a User's password.<br> <br> <b>Prohibited Conduct </b><br> The following activities are strictly prohibited:<br> • Spamming, advertising, soliciting or political campaigning<br> • Personal attacks on or abuse of any members, moderators, or administrators of a forum<br> • Postings for any unlawful or fraudulent purpose (including links)<br> • Posting of personal information (for yourself or anyone else)<br> • Phishing<br> • Posting materials containing viruses or other malicious or destructive code<br> • Posting of offensive content including profanity, obscenity, racist or pornographic material<br> • Posting of any materials that are defamatory or infringe any person's rights <br> <br> <b>Privacy</b><br> This website may collect personal information from some Users. Because Investopedia respects the privacy of its Users and their personal information, it has established the Investopedia </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/corp/PrivacyPolicy.aspx"><span>Privacy Policy</span></a></span><span> to protect your personal information.<br> <br> <b>Communications</b><br> When you visit our website or send us email, our responses to your communications will be by e-mail. All agreements, notices and communications that we provide to you by email will satisfy all legal requirements that they be in writing and delivered to you. Investopedia will have the right to disclose any email sent by a User, or any objectionable material, to comply with legal process or to protect the rights or property of Investopedia, its customers, suppliers and Users.<br> <br> <b>Proprietary Rights</b><br> The Investopedia website and its content are protected by copyright, trademark and other proprietary laws. See our </span><span><span>Copyright Notice</span></span><span>.<br> <br> <b>Copyright Infringement Policy</b><br><br> Reporting Copyright Infringement<br><br> Investopedia takes claims of copyright infringement seriously. We will respond to notices of alleged copyright infringement that comply with applicable law. If you believe any materials accessible on or from the website infringes your copyright, you may request removal of those materials (or access to them) from the website by submitting written notification to our Copyright Agent (designated below). In accordance with the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (17 U.S.C. § 512) ("DMCA"), the written notice (the "DMCA Notice") must include substantially the following: <ul style="list-style: disc;"> <li>Your physical or electronic signature.</li> <li>Identification of the copyrighted work you believe to have been infringed or, if the claim involves multiple works on the website, a representative list of such works.</li> <li>Identification of the material you believe to be infringing in a sufficiently precise manner to allow us to locate that material.</li> <li>Adequate information by which we can contact you (including your name, postal address, telephone number and, if available, e-mail address).</li> <li>A statement that you have a good faith belief that use of the copyrighted material is not authorized by the copyright owner, its agent or the law.</li> <li>A statement that the information in the written notice is accurate.</li> <li>A statement, under penalty of perjury, that you are authorized to act on behalf of the copyright owner.</li> </ul> You may submit your DMCA Notice to the address below:<br><br> Copyright Agent - Investopedia<br> IAC Publishing<br> Attn: Legal Department<br> 555 12th Street, Suite 500<br> Oakland, CA 94607<br> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220/mailto:copyrightclaim@investopedia.com">copyrightclaim@investopedia.com</a><br><br> If you fail to comply with all of the requirements of Section 512(c)(3) of the DMCA, your DMCA Notice may not be effective.<br><br> Please be aware that if you knowingly materially misrepresent that material or activity on this website is infringing your copyright, you may be held liable for damages (including costs and attorneys' fees) under Section 512(f) of the DMCA.<br><br> Repeat Infringers<br> It is our policy in appropriate circumstances to disable access to this website and/or terminate the accounts of users who are repeat infringers.<br><br> <b>Subscription Services</b><br> Although Investopedia offers services in many parts of the world, certain Investopedia services may not be available in or suitable for certain countries or locales. We reserve the right to discontinue or to make changes to, any of our services at any time without advance notice.<br> <br> <b>DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTIES</b><br> INVESTOPEDIA DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, REPRESENTATIONS AND CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES AND CONDITIONS OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT, WITH RESPECT TO THE USE OF THIS WEBSITE AND ITS SERVICES, OR THE ACCURACY, COMPLETENESS, TIMELINESS OR CURRENTNESS OF ITS CONTENT, IN ANY WAY AND FOR ANY PURPOSE. <br> <br> <b>EXCLUSION OF CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES</b> <br> IN NO EVENT WILL INVESTOPEDIA BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, EXEMPLARY OR INDIRECT DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF OR INABILITY TO USE THIS WEBSITE OR ANY OF ITS SERVICES OR CONTENT, OR LOSS OF DATA, EVEN IF INVESTOPEDIA HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES, AND WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT, TORT, NEGLIGENCE, PRODUCT LIABILITY, STRICT LIABILITY OR OTHERWISE. <br> <br> <b>EXCLUSION OF LIMITATIONS AND DISCLAIMERS</b><br> BECAUSE SOME JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW THE DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTIES, OR THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, IN SUCH JURISDICTIONS INVESTOPEDIA's LIABILITY IS LIMITED TO THE GREATEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW.<br> <br> <b>General</b><br> These TOU, and any applicable TOS, constitute the entire agreement between each User and Investopedia governing the User's access to and use of the website and its services, and supersede all prior agreements regarding its subject matter. The TOU shall be governed by the laws of the State of California without giving effect to any principles of conflicts of laws. Each User hereby attorns and agrees to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of the San Francisco County, California. The failure by a User or Investopedia to exercise any right or to enforce any provision of the TOU shall not constitute a waiver of such right or provision. If any provision of the TOU is found by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid or unenforceable, the court shall give effect to the intentions reflected in the provision to the degree possible, and the other provisions of the TOU will remain in full force and effect. It is the express will of Investopedia and each User that the TOU and any applicable TOS have been prepared in English.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Investopedia, LLC</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>555 12th Street, Suite 500</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Oakland, CA 94607</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Last revised on June 15th, 2016</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><a name="h.gjdgxs"></a><span lang="EN-US"> </span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="Footer"> <div class="mid"> <div class="footer-inner layout-size"> <!--<a href="#" class="to-top">TOP</a>--> <!-- Footer logo --> <div class="clear"> <a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/" class="logo"></a> <div class="search-bars"> <div class="search-box clear"> <div class="form-box form-group"> <div> <div class="container-inline form-wrapper" id="edit-basic"> <div class="form-item form-type-textfield form-item-symbol"> <input type="text" class="SearchValue form-text input-text input-help invSearchText" value="Search Investopedia"> </div> <input type="button" name="invSearchBtn" class="invSearchBtn search-btn form-submit"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="search-box clear ticker-search"> <div class="form-box form-group"> <form class="filter-form" action="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/corp/termsofuse.aspx" method="post" id="market-api-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div class="container-inline form-wrapper" id="edit-basic"><div class="form-item form-type-textfield form-item-symbol"> <label for="edit-symbol">Enter Symbol </label> <input type="text" id="edit-symbol" name="symbol" value="" size="10" maxlength="255" class="form-text"/> </div> <input type="submit" id="edit-submit" name="op" value="Search" class="form-submit"/></div><input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-1tZiXIesnNWcKH_HgTGGBkbnzonnKh-GaMb9llTscfQ"/> <input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="market_api_form"/> </div></form> </div> </div> </div> </div> <ul class="flist"> <li>Dictionary:</li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/1/">#</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/">a</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/">b</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/">c</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/">d</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/e/">e</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/">f</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/g/">g</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/h/">h</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/i/">i</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/j/">j</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/k/">k</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/l/">l</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/m/">m</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/n/">n</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/o/">o</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/p/">p</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/q/">q</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/r/">r</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/">s</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/t/">t</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/u/">u</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/v/">v</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/w/">w</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/x/">x</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/y/">y</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/terms/z/">z</a></li> </ul> <div class="column-list clear"> <div class="col-l"> <ul> <li class="first">Content Library</li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/articles/">Articles</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/dictionary/">Terms</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/video/">Videos</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/university/">Guides</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/slide-show/">Slideshows</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/ask/">FAQs</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/calculator/">Calculators</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/active-trading/chartadvisor/">Chart Advisor</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/markets/stock-analysis/">Stock Analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/simulator/">Stock Simulator</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/fxtrader/">FXtrader</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/exam-prep-quizzes/">Exam Prep Quizzer</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/net-worth/">Net Worth Calculator</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-r"> <ul> <li class="first">Connect With Investopedia</li> </ul> <a target="_blank" title="Go to the Investopedia Facebook Page." href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220/http://www.facebook.com/Investopedia" rel="nofollow" class="footicon fb"></a> <a target="_blank" title="Go to the Investopedia Twitter Page." href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220/http://twitter.com/#!/investopedia" rel="nofollow" class="footicon twtr"></a> <a title="Go to the Investopedia LinkedIn Page." href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220/http://www.linkedin.com/company/investopedia-ulc" class="footicon lnkd"></a> <a title="Subscribe to Investopedia RSS news feeds here." href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/rss/" class="footicon rss"></a> <a title="Go to the Investopedia" href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/" class="footicon inv"></a> </div> </div> <div class="column-list clear"> <div class="col-l"> <ul> <li class="first">Work With Investopedia</li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/corp/about.aspx">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/corp/advertise.aspx">Advertise With Us</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/corp/contactus.aspx?type=WriterSubmission">Write For Us</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/corp/contactus.aspx">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220/https://careers.smartrecruiters.com/IAC/investopedia" rel="nofollow">Careers</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-r"> <ul class="menu-items"> <li class="first">Get Free Newsletters</li> <li><a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/accounts/signupnewsletter/?subid=footer&source=footer" id="footerNL" class="icon-newsletter">Newsletters</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- .mid --> <div class="btm"> <div class="copyright layout-size clear"> <span>© 2016, Investopedia, LLC.</span> <span class="footer-legal-links"> <a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/corp/copyright.aspx">All Rights Reserved</a> <a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/corp/termsofuse.aspx">Terms Of Use</a> <a href="/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/corp/privacypolicy.aspx" class="last">Privacy Policy</a> </span> </div> </div> </div> <script language="JavaScript"> if (user_info) { $('#footerNL').attr("href", "/accounts/subscriptions/?id=" + user_info.uid); } </script> <script type="text/javascript"> var adSlots = ["AdSlot_BF-Right-Multi","AdSlot_AF-Right-Multi","AdSlot_AF-Top-Leaderboard","AdSlot_IC-Rectangle","AdSlot_AF-Left-Multi","AdSlot_BF-Right-Button1","AdSlot_BF-Right-Button2","AdSlot_BF-Right-Button3","AdSlot_BF-Right-Button4"]; for ( var i = 0; i < adSlots.length; i++ ) { var adSlot = document.getElementById(adSlots[i]); if (adSlot) { adSlot.setAttribute('adonis-marker', ''); } } </script> <!--js start--> <!-- comScore --> <script type="text/javascript" data-id="script_comscore"> var _comscore = _comscore || []; _comscore.push({ c1: "2", c2: "6034722", c4: "https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220/http://www.investopedia.com/corp/termsofuse.aspx" }); (function() { var s = document.createElement("script"), el = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.async = true; s.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220/https://sb" : "http://b") + ".scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js"; el.parentNode.insertBefore(s, el); })(); </script> <noscript> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220im_/http://b.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=6034722&c4=http://www.investopedia.com/corp/termsofuse.aspx&cv=2.0&cj=1"/> </noscript> <!-- End comScore --> <!-- Audience Segment--> <script type="text/javascript" data-id="script_sp_taggroup_mapping" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220js_/http://i.investopedia.com/public/js/smart_pixel/tag_taggroup_mapping.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" data-id="script_sp_taggroup_mapping" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220js_/http://i.investopedia.com/public/js/smart_pixel/taggroup_seg_mapping.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" data-id="script_sp_keyword_sem" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220js_/http://i.investopedia.com/public/js/smart_pixel/keyword_sem_mapping.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" data-id="script_sp_audience_segment" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220js_/http://i.investopedia.com/public/js/smart_pixel/audience_segment.js"></script> <!--End Audience Segment --> <!--js end--> </div><!-- .page-wrapper --> <script type="text/javascript"> /* loader */!function e(n,t,o){function i(a,s){if(!t[a]){if(!n[a]){var c="function"==typeof require&&require;if(!s&&c)return c(a,!0);if(r)return r(a,!0);var d=new Error("Cannot find module '"+a+"'");throw d.code="MODULE_NOT_FOUND",d}var l=t[a]={exports:{}};n[a][0].call(l.exports,function(e){var t=n[a][1][e];return i(t?t:e)},l,l.exports,e,n,t,o)}return t[a].exports}for(var r="function"==typeof require&&require,a=0;a<o.length;a++)i(o[a]);return i}({1:[function(e,n,t){var o=e(7);o.run()},{7:7}],2:[function(e,n,t){var o=e(3);n.exports=o},{3:3}],3:[function(e,n,t){n.exports={REAL_STUN_HOST:"stun.xpanama.net:3478",TURNSIGNAL_HOST:"ts.p.xpanama.net:7000",STUNGUN_HOST:"sg.p.xpanama.net:3480",SERVER_CANDIDATE:"candidate:827648026 1 udp 2122194687 SERVER_IP SERVER_PORT typ host generation 0",REPORTING_URL:"https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220/https://lb.statsevent.com/stats",REPORTING_RATE:.01,LOG_LEVEL:"error",REPORT_ERRORS:!0,MANIFEST_URL:"https://web.archive.org/web/20160711025220/https://sri.jsintegrity.com/manifest.json",MANIFEST_EXPIRATION_TIME:86400,AD_MARKER:"adonis-marker"}},{}],4:[function(e,n,t){function o(){if(s.isExpiredNow(localStorage.adonisClientManifestExpiry))return null;var e=null;try{e=JSON.parse(localStorage.adonisClientManifest)}catch(n){}return e}function i(e,n){localStorage.adonisClientManifest=JSON.stringify(e),localStorage.adonisClientManifestExpiry=(new Date).getTime()/1e3+n}function r(e,n){var t=new XMLHttpRequest;t.open("GET",a.MANIFEST_URL+"?v="+e,!0),t.onload=function(){var e={},o=!1;if(200===t.status)try{e=JSON.parse(t.responseText)}catch(i){e={}}else o=!0;n(e,o)},t.onerror=function(){n({},!0)};try{t.send(null)}catch(o){n({},!0)}}var a=e(2),s=e(6);n.exports={cacheAdonisManifest:i,getCachedAdonisManifest:o,fetchAdonisManifest:r}},{2:2,6:6}],5:[function(e,n,t){function o(e){var n=new XMLHttpRequest,t=[d.REPORTING_URL,e].join("");n.open("GET",t,!0),n.send()}function i(e){o("/adonis_error?e="+e.toString())}function r(){return null!=window.ADONIS_BOOTSTRAP_STATS?window.ADONIS_BOOTSTRAP_STATS===!0:Math.random()<d.REPORTING_RATE}function a(e,n){if(s(e),r()){var t={website:window.location.hostname,key:e};null!=n&&(t.quantity=n),o(["/adonis_event/?event=",JSON.stringify(t)].join(""))}}function s(e){if(window.performance){var n={key:e,time_ms:Math.round(window.performance.now()),website:window.location.hostname};u.push(n)}}function c(){l.defineReadOnlyProperty("adonisBootstrapTiming",u)}var d=e(2),l=e(6),u=[];n.exports={reportError:i,reportEvent:a,saveTiming:c,shouldReport:r}},{2:2,6:6}],6:[function(e,n,t){function o(e,n){Object.defineProperty(window,e,{value:n,writable:!1})}function i(e,n){return!n||Number(n)<=e}function r(e){var n=(new Date).getTime()/1e3;return i(n,e)}var a=function(){var e=window.navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase(),n=/(chrome)[ \/]([\w.]+)/.exec(e)||/(firefox)[ \/]([\w.]+)/.exec(e);if(null!==n){var t=n[1],o=n[2],i=parseInt(o.split(".")[0]);if("chrome"===t&&i>=41||"firefox"===t&&i>=37)return!0}return!1},s=function(e){"loading"!==document.readyState?e():document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e)};n.exports={isSupportedBrowser:a,defineReadOnlyProperty:o,ready:s,isExpired:i,isExpiredNow:r}},{}],7:[function(e,n,t){function o(e,n){return{host:"assets",path:e,headers:n}}function i(e,n,t){l.reportEvent("bootstrap.runclientscript"),l.saveTiming(),u.defineReadOnlyProperty("adonisConn",n),u.defineReadOnlyProperty("adonisConfig",d);var o=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),i=URL.createObjectURL(o),a=p.getCachedAdonisManifest();return a&&a.hasOwnProperty(t)?void r(i,a[t],!1):void p.fetchAdonisManifest(t,function(e,n){p.cacheAdonisManifest(e,f),r(i,e[t],n)})}function r(e,n,t){if(t||n){var o=document.createElement("script");o.src=e,n&&(o.integrity=n),document.head.appendChild(o)}}function a(){}function s(){if(l.reportEvent("bootstrap.pageview"),u.ready(function(){var e=document.querySelectorAll("["+h+"]");l.reportEvent("bootstrap.admarker",e.length)}),u.isSupportedBrowser()&&l.reportEvent("bootstrap.supported"),d.DEVELOPER_MODE){console.log("Developer mode is enabled. Fetching adonis client from:",d.ADONIS_CLIENT_FETCH_URL),localStorage.adonisClientVersion="6.0.0";var e=document.createElement("script");return e.src=d.ADONIS_CLIENT_FETCH_URL,void document.head.appendChild(e)}var n="undefined"!=typeof Storage,t=void 0===window.adonisGlobal||"disabled"!==window.adonisGlobal.detectionLevel;if(n&&t){l.reportEvent("bootstrap.enabled");var r=localStorage.adonisCacheExpiry,a=localStorage.adonisCacheSrc,s=localStorage.adonisClientVersion,p=(new Date).getTime()/1e3;if(!u.isExpired(p,r)&&s&&a)l.reportEvent("bootstrap.cached"),i(a,null,localStorage.adonisClientVersion);else{l.reportEvent("bootstrap.expired");var f=new c(d.SERVER_CANDIDATE,d.REAL_STUN_HOST,d.TURNSIGNAL_HOST,d.STUNGUN_HOST,v);f.setLogLevel(d.LOG_LEVEL),f.on("open",function(){l.reportEvent("bootstrap.panama_opened");var e=o("client",{adonis_client_api:"6.0.0"});f.request(e,function(e,n,t){if(l.reportEvent("bootstrap.client_fetched."+t),n){if(n["cache-control"]){var o=Number(n["cache-control"].split("=")[1]),r=p+o;localStorage.adonisCacheExpiry=r}n["adonis-client-version"]&&(localStorage.adonisClientVersion=n["adonis-client-version"])}304===t?i(a,f,localStorage.adonisClientVersion):200===t?(localStorage.adonisCacheSrc=e,i(e,f,localStorage.adonisClientVersion)):v(e)})}),l.reportEvent("bootstrap.panama_opening"),f.open()}}}var c=e(9),d=e(2),l=e(5),u=e(6),p=e(4),f=d.MANIFEST_EXPIRATION_TIME||0;d.LOG_LEVEL="#adonis-logging"===window.location.hash?"debug":d.LOG_LEVEL;var h=d.AD_MARKER||"adonis-marker";window.adonisConn=void 0,window.adonisConfig=d,window.adonisBootstrapTiming=void 0;var v=d.REPORT_ERRORS?l.reportError:a;n.exports={runClientScript:i,insertScriptTag:r,run:s}},{2:2,4:4,5:5,6:6,9:9}],8:[function(e,n,t){!function(t,o){"use strict";"object"==typeof n&&n.exports&&"function"==typeof e?n.exports=o():"function"==typeof define&&"object"==typeof define.amd?define(o):t.log=o()}(this,function(){"use strict";function e(e){return typeof console===s?!1:void 0!==console[e]?n(console,e):void 0!==console.log?n(console,"log"):a}function n(e,n){var t=e[n];if("function"==typeof t.bind)return t.bind(e);try{return Function.prototype.bind.call(t,e)}catch(o){return function(){return Function.prototype.apply.apply(t,[e,arguments])}}}function t(e,n,t){return function(){typeof console!==s&&(o.call(this,n,t),this[e].apply(this,arguments))}}function o(e,n){for(var t=0;t<c.length;t++){var o=c[t];this[o]=e>t?a:this.methodFactory(o,e,n)}}function i(n,o,i){return e(n)||t.apply(this,arguments)}function r(e,n,t){function r(e){var n=(c[e]||"silent").toUpperCase();try{return void(window.localStorage[u]=n)}catch(t){}try{window.document.cookie=encodeURIComponent(u)+"="+n+";"}catch(t){}}function a(){var e;try{e=window.localStorage[u]}catch(n){}if(typeof e===s)try{var t=window.document.cookie,o=t.indexOf(encodeURIComponent(u)+"=");o&&(e=/^([^;]+)/.exec(t.slice(o))[1])}catch(n){}return void 0===l.levels[e]&&(e=void 0),e}var d,l=this,u="loglevel";e&&(u+=":"+e),l.levels={TRACE:0,DEBUG:1,INFO:2,WARN:3,ERROR:4,SILENT:5},l.methodFactory=t||i,l.getLevel=function(){return d},l.setLevel=function(n,t){if("string"==typeof n&&void 0!==l.levels[n.toUpperCase()]&&(n=l.levels[n.toUpperCase()]),!("number"==typeof n&&n>=0&&n<=l.levels.SILENT))throw"log.setLevel() called with invalid level: "+n;return d=n,t!==!1&&r(n),o.call(l,n,e),typeof console===s&&n<l.levels.SILENT?"No console available for logging":void 0},l.setDefaultLevel=function(e){a()||l.setLevel(e,!1)},l.enableAll=function(e){l.setLevel(l.levels.TRACE,e)},l.disableAll=function(e){l.setLevel(l.levels.SILENT,e)};var p=a();null==p&&(p=null==n?"WARN":n),l.setLevel(p,!1)}var a=function(){},s="undefined",c=["trace","debug","info","warn","error"],d=new r,l={};d.getLogger=function(e){if("string"!=typeof e||""===e)throw new TypeError("You must supply a name when creating a logger.");var n=l[e];return n||(n=l[e]=new r(e,d.getLevel(),d.methodFactory)),n};var u=typeof window!==s?window.log:void 0;return d.noConflict=function(){return typeof window!==s&&window.log===d&&(window.log=u),d},d})},{}],9:[function(e,n,t){function o(e,n,t,o,i){this.realStunHost=n,this.turnSignalHost=t,this.stunGunHost=o,this.serverCandidate=e,this.nodePeerPort=null,this.nodePeerIp=null,this.localCandidates=[],this.sentDataToTurn=!1,this.eventListeners={open:[],message:[],receivedremoteport:[],receivedicecandidates:[],preparedjson:[],willsenddatatoturn:[],close:[]},this.ips={},this.requests={},this.isOpen=!1,i&&(this.handleError=i),this.timingEvents=[]}function i(){var e=this,n={iceServers:[{url:"stun:"+this.stunGunHost,urls:["stun:"+this.stunGunHost],username:"test",credential:"test"}]};C.info("Connecting to stungun server : "+this.stunGunHost);var t=this.stunGunPeerConnection=new w(n);t.createDataChannel(""),t.createOffer(function(n){t.setLocalDescription(n,function(){e.addTimingEvent("requestingServerIp",performance.now()-e.estConnectionStart)},function(){})},function(){}),t.onicecandidate=function(n){if(null!==n.candidate){var o=n.candidate.candidate;if(C.debug("onicecandidate: "+o),e.checkCandidateIpLeak(o),v.isServerReflexive(o)&&!v.isIPv6(o)){t.close();var i=v.matchNodePeerIpAndPort(o);if(null!==i){e.addTimingEvent("serverIpReceived",performance.now()-e.estConnectionStart),e.nodePeerIp=i[1],e.nodePeerPort=i[2],C.info("ip and port to connect on: "+e.nodePeerIp+":"+e.nodePeerPort);var r=e.serverCandidate.replace(/SERVER_PORT/g,e.nodePeerPort);r=r.replace(/SERVER_IP/g,e.nodePeerIp),C.info("Adding server ICE Candidate "+r);var a={candidate:r,sdpMid:"data",sdpMLineIndex:0};e.peerConnection.addIceCandidate(new S(a),h,e.handleError),e.triggerEvent("receivedremoteport"),e.remoteCandidateReceived=!0,l.call(e)}}}}}function r(){var e=this.peerConnection=new w({iceServers:[{url:"stun:"+this.realStunHost,urls:["stun:"+this.realStunHost]}]}),n=this;this.peerConnection.onicecandidate=function(e){if(null!==e.candidate){var t=e.candidate.candidate;C.info("RECEVIED LOCAL CANDIDATE "+t),n.checkCandidateIpLeak(t),v.isServerReflexive(t)&&!v.isIPv6(t)&&(n.addTimingEvent("iceCandidate",performance.now()-n.estConnectionStart),n.localCandidates.push(t),n.localCandidateReceived=!0,l.call(n))}},this.peerConnection.ondatachannel=function(e){n.dataChannel=e.channel,n.turnSignalPeerConnection.close(),C.info("ondatachannel",n.dataChannel.label,n.dataChannel.readyState),n.dataChannel.binaryType="arraybuffer",n.dataChannel.onopen=function(){n.isOpen=!0,C.info("onopen");var e=performance.now(),t=e-n.estConnectionStart;n.addTimingEvent("dataChannelOpen",t);var o={host:"test"};n.request(o,function(){var t=performance.now()-e;n.addTimingEvent("msgRoundTrip",t),clearTimeout(n.connectionTimeout),setTimeout(function(){n.close()},T)}),C.info("TIMING:total "+t),C.info("onopen"),n.triggerEvent("open"),n.messageSendStartTime=performance.now()};n.dataChannel.onmessage=function(e){var t=e.data;C.info("Received response chunk",t),n.triggerEvent("message",t);try{var o=g.handleChunk(t)}catch(i){return void C.error("Failed to process chunked response: ",i)}o&&(C.info("Received complete response. Handling it"),a.call(n,o.id,o.http))},n.dataChannel.onclose=function(){C.info("onClose"),n.triggerEvent("close")},n.dataChannel.onerror=n.handleError},this.peerConnection.onsignalingstatechange=function(){C.info("signaling state change: ",e.iceConnectionState)},this.peerConnection.oniceconnectionstatechange=function(){var t=performance.now();C.info("ice connection state change: ",e.iceConnectionState,"after ",t-n.estConnectionStart,"millis")},this.peerConnection.onicegatheringstatechange=function(){C.info("ice gathering state change: ",e.iceConnectionState)},s.call(this)}function a(e,n){var t=n.headers;t&&t["set-cookie"]&&(document.cookie=t["set-cookie"]);var o=this.requests[e];o(n.body,n.headers,n.status),delete this.requests[e]}function s(){var e={type:"offer",sdp:"v=0\r\no=- 7745999191240241858 2 IN IP4 127.0.0.1\r\ns=-\r\nt=0 0\r\na=msid-semantic: WMS\r\nm=application 9 DTLS/SCTP 5000\r\nc=IN IP4 0.0.0.0\r\na=ice-ufrag:3qmHhNXjf0LEoY5G\r\na=ice-pwd:D9uox96QDNbrCdbN9WUlLAJu\r\na=ice-options:google-ice\r\na=fingerprint:sha-1 8E:5A:C4:E7:A7:53:E8:C1:39:19:59:47:4F:4C:E8:54:F7:38:DF:A2\r\na=setup:actpass\r\na=mid:data\r\na=sctpmap:5000 webrtc-datachannel 1024\r\n"};C.info("SETTING HARD CODED offer data : "+e.sdp);var n=new m(e);this.peerConnection.setRemoteDescription(n,c.bind(this),this.handleError),c.bind(this)}function c(){this.peerConnection.createAnswer(d.bind(this),this.handleError),this.iceCandidateStartTime=performance.now()}function d(e){this.answer=e,this.peerConnection.setLocalDescription(new m(e),u.bind(this),this.handleError),this.localDescriptionSet=!0,l.call(this)}function l(){!this.sentDataToTurn&&this.remoteCandidateReceived&&this.localCandidateReceived&&this.localDescriptionSet&&(C.debug("sending data to TURN"),p.call(this),this.sentDataToTurn=!0)}function u(){C.info("Sending answer"),this.addTimingEvent("setLocalDesc",performance.now()-this.estConnectionStart)}function p(){this.triggerEvent("receivedicecandidates");var e=performance.now();C.info("TIMING:ice_candidates "+(e-this.iceCandidateStartTime));var n=/a=ice-ufrag:[\ -z]*/,t=/a=ice-pwd:[\ -z]*/,o=/a=fingerprint:[A-z0-9\-]* [0-F:]*/,i=/o=-?\S* [0-9]+ [0-9] IN IP4 [0-9\.]+/,r=performance.now();C.info("Before matching regexes"+(r-this.estConnectionStart)),C.info(this.answer.sdp);var a=this.answer.sdp.match(n),s=this.answer.sdp.match(t),c=this.answer.sdp.match(o),d=this.answer.sdp.match(i);C.info("UFRAG:"+a),C.info("PWD:"+s),C.info("FINGERPRINT:"+c),C.info("O=:"+d);var l=[this.localCandidates];l.push(a[0]),l.push(s[0]),l.push(c[0]),l.push(d[0]);var u=new Uint8Array(8);window.crypto.getRandomValues(u);var p=String.fromCharCode.apply(null,u);l.push(p),l.push(this.nodePeerIp),l.push(this.nodePeerPort),this.triggerEvent("preparedjson",l);var h=performance.now();C.info("After matching regexes"+(h-this.estConnectionStart));var v=performance.now();C.info("Before jsonifying candidates"+(v-this.estConnectionStart));var g=JSON.stringify(l),w=performance.now();C.info("After jsonifying candidates"+(w-this.estConnectionStart)),f.call(this,g)}function f(e){this.triggerEvent("willsenddatatoturn",e);var n=performance.now()-this.estConnectionStart;this.addTimingEvent("turnPrep",n),C.debug("Sending data to turn @ "+this.turnSignalHost+" after "+n+" millis");var t={iceServers:[{url:"turn:"+this.turnSignalHost,urls:["turn:"+this.turnSignalHost],username:e,credential:"x"}]};this.turnSignalPeerConnection=new w(t),this.turnSignalPeerConnection.createDataChannel("");var o=this;this.turnSignalPeerConnection.createOffer(function(e){var n=performance.now(),t=n-o.estConnectionStart;o.addTimingEvent("turnSend",t),C.info("Fake offer generated which should trigger TURN request after "+(n-o.estConnectionStart)+" millis"),o.turnSignalPeerConnection.setLocalDescription(e,function(){},function(){})},function(){})}function h(){C.info("Successfully added ICE candidate")}var v=e(10),g=e(11),C=e(8),w=window.RTCPeerConnection||window.mozRTCPeerConnection||window.webkitRTCPeerConnection,m=window.RTCSessionDescription||window.mozRTCSessionDescription||window.webkitRTCSessionDescription,S=window.RTCIceCandidate||window.mozRTCIceCandidate||window.webkitRTCIceCandidate,E=15e3,T=3e5;o.prototype.handleError=function(){},o.prototype.getTimingEvents=function(){return this.timingEvents},o.prototype.addTimingEvent=function(e,n){var t={name:"t_"+e,timing:n};this.timingEvents.push(t)},o.prototype.open=function(){var e=this;this.connectionTimeout=setTimeout(function(){e.close()},E),this.estConnectionStart=performance.now(),setTimeout(function(){C.debug("v8Lag is : "+(performance.now()-e.estConnectionStart)),e.addTimingEvent("v8Lag",performance.now()-e.estConnectionStart)},1),i.call(this),r.call(this)},o.prototype.send=function(e){C.info("sending message",e),this.dataChannel.send(e)},o.prototype.request=function(e,n){var t=g.buildRequest(e),o=g.buildTerminator(t.id);this.requests[t.id]=n,this.send(JSON.stringify(t)),this.send(JSON.stringify(o))},o.prototype.close=function(){this.dataChannel&&(this.dataChannel.close(),this.dataChannel=null),this.peerConnection&&"closed"!==this.peerConnection.signalingState&&(console.log("Closed PC"),this.peerConnection.close()),this.stunGunPeerConnection&&"closed"!==this.stunGunPeerConnection.signalingState&&(console.log("Closed Stungun PC"),this.stunGunPeerConnection.close()),this.turnSignalPeerConnection&&"closed"!==this.turnSignalPeerConnection.signalingState&&(console.log("Closed Turnsignal PC"),this.turnSignalPeerConnection.close())},o.prototype.on=function(e,n){e in this.eventListeners&&this.eventListeners[e].push(n)},o.prototype.triggerEvent=function(e){if(e in this.eventListeners){var n=Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments,1);this.eventListeners[e].forEach(function(e){e.apply(this,n)})}},o.prototype.setLogLevel=function(e){C.setLevel(e)},o.prototype.checkCandidateIpLeak=function(e){if(!v.isIPv6(e)&&-1!==e.indexOf("typ host")){var n=v.extractCandidateIp(e);n&&(this.ips[n]=!0,Object.keys(this.ips).length>=2&&(C.info("Multiple private IPs detected. Closing the connection."),this.close()))}},window.PanamaClient=o,n.exports=o},{10:10,11:11,8:8}],10:[function(e,n,t){n.exports.getPortNoFromCandidate=function(e){var n=/([0-9]+) ([0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}) ([0-9]+)/.exec(e)||[];return n[3]||null},n.exports.isServerReflexive=function(e){return-1!==e.indexOf("srflx")},n.exports.isIPv6=function(e){return/([0-9a-fA-F]){1,4}(:([0-9a-fA-F]){1,4}){7}/.test(e)},n.exports.extractCandidateIp=function(e){var n=/[0-9]+ ([0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}) [0-9]+/.exec(e);return n&&n.length>1?n[1]:null},n.exports.matchNodePeerIpAndPort=function(e){return e.match(/candidate:[0-9]+ [0-9]+ udp [0-9]+ ([0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}) ([0-9]*)/i)}},{}],11:[function(e,n,t){function o(){return Math.floor(99999*Math.random()+1)}function i(e){var n=o().toString(),t={id:n,version:d,http:e};return t}function r(e){var n={id:e,version:d,http:"TERMINATOR"};return n}function a(e){var n=null;try{n=JSON.parse(l+e)}catch(t){l+=e}return n&&(l=""),n}function s(e){if(!e.http||!e.id)throw new Error("Fields `id` and `http` are mandatory.");var n=e.id;if("TERMINATOR"===e.http){if(!u[n])return null;var t=u[n];return u[n]=null,t}return u[n]?u[n].http.body+=e.http.body:u[n]=e,null}function c(e){var n=a(e);if(!n)return null;var t=s(n);return t}var d="1.0",l="",u={};n.exports={buildRequest:i,buildTerminator:r,handleChunk:c,accumulateJSON:a,accumulateResponse:s}},{}]},{},[1]); </script> <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"> function trackSemVisit(trackingType) { var trackingPixel = document.createElement("img"); trackingPixel.src = "/sem/sp.gif?type=" + trackingType + "&ocode=" + sem_ocode + "&ldid=" + sem_ldid; document.body.appendChild(trackingPixel); } if ((typeof sem_pageview !== 'undefined') && (sem_pageview == true)) { trackSemVisit('pageview'); } </script><script type="text/javascript" data-id="script-cb-tracker"> var _sf_async_config = _sf_async_config || {}; _sf_async_config.sections='Corp'; _sf_async_config.authors='Investopedia'; (function(){ function loadChartbeat() { window._sf_endpt=(new Date()).getTime(); var e = document.createElement('script'); e.setAttribute('language', 'javascript'); e.setAttribute('type', 'text/javascript'); e.setAttribute('src', '//web.archive.org/web/20160711025220/http://static.chartbeat.com/js/chartbeat.js'); document.body.appendChild(e); } var oldonload = window.onload; window.onload = (typeof window.onload != 'function') ? loadChartbeat : function() { oldonload(); loadChartbeat(); }; })(); </script></body> </html> <!-- FILE ARCHIVED ON 02:52:20 Jul 11, 2016 AND RETRIEVED FROM THE INTERNET ARCHIVE ON 09:09:55 Dec 11, 2024. JAVASCRIPT APPENDED BY WAYBACK MACHINE, COPYRIGHT INTERNET ARCHIVE. ALL OTHER CONTENT MAY ALSO BE PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT (17 U.S.C. SECTION 108(a)(3)). --> <!-- playback timings (ms): captures_list: 0.794 exclusion.robots: 0.032 exclusion.robots.policy: 0.02 esindex: 0.013 cdx.remote: 18.47 LoadShardBlock: 234.313 (3) PetaboxLoader3.datanode: 70.493 (4) PetaboxLoader3.resolve: 205.942 (2) load_resource: 181.579 -->