CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML+RDFa 1.0//EN" "http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/DTD/xhtml-rdfa-1.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" version="XHTML+RDFa 1.0" dir="ltr"> <head profile="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml/vocab"> <meta property="fb:pages" content="187893944693250" /> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" /><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={licenseKey:"NRJS-2bc928357ddb9c24d07",applicationID:"1246124522"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-rum-1.274.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},9417:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>g,gD:()=>h,xN:()=>p});var n=r(993);const i=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var o=r(2614),a=r(944),s=r(384),c=r(8122);const u="[data-nr-mask]",d=()=>{const e={mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},feature_flags:[],generic_events:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},harvest:{tooManyRequestsDelay:60},jserrors:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0,level:n.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},performance:{capture_marks:!1,capture_measures:!1},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:o.wk,inactiveMs:o.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,harvestTimeSeconds:60,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){i(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(u):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=u:(0,a.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){i(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,a.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,a.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0}}},l={},f="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function g(e){if(!e)throw new Error(f);if(!l[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function p(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);l[e]=(0,c.a)(t,d());const r=(0,s.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=l[e])}function h(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);var r=g(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},3371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>l});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0},d={};function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!d[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return d[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");d[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(d[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(d[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=d[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,xv:()=>n});const n="1.274.0",i="PROD",o="CDN"},6154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{OF:()=>c,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>d,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,mw:()=>s,sb:()=>u});var n=r(1863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),c=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),u=c&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,d=((()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2&&e[1]})(),Date.now()-(0,n.t)())},1687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>l,x3:()=>u});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};d(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),g(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function l(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(d(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return g(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),g(e,t)})))}function g(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},d={},l=!1;try{l=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=g(n),c=h(e),d=c.length,l=0;l<d;l++)c[l].apply(a,r);var p=m()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:v,listeners:h,context:g,buffer:function(e,t){const r=m();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!m()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:l?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:l};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function g(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=h(e).concat(t)}function h(e){return n[e]||[]}function v(t){return d[t]=d[t]||e(f,t)}function m(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),d=(0,n.Zm)();d.ee||(d.ee=u)},2646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},5607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,bz:()=>a});var n=r(6154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}},2614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},5284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(7836),i=r(6154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},5289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>d,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>l});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function d(e,t){a()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{YM:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];d(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return d(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,d,l;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],d="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],d],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],d,c);try{return l=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],d,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,l],d,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function d(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ET:()=>o,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o="log";n.K7.logging},3969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>s,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a,z_:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},6630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{G4:()=>i});var n=r(2614);r(860).K7.sessionReplay;const i={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"};n.g.ERROR,n.g.FULL,n.g.OFF},4234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>P});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(3371),a=r(9908),s=r(7836),c=r(1687),u=r(5289),d=r(6154),l=r(944),f=r(3969),g=r(384),p=r(6344);const h=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],v=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var m=r(1863),b=r(2614),y=r(993);var w=r(2646),A=r(3434);function R(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,l.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,A.YM)(i),a=new w.y(s.P);return a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes,o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",a),i}function E(){const e=(0,g.pV)();h.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,l.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const x={};function _(e,t,g=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const h={};var w=s.ee.get(e),A=w.get("tracer");x[e]=b.g.OFF,w.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{x[e]=t}));var E="api-",_=E+"ixn-";function N(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),j(E,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function T(){}h.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),function(e,t,r={},i=y.p_.INFO){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/logging/".concat(i.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,n.K7.metrics,e),(0,a.p)(y.ET,[(0,m.t)(),t,r,i],void 0,n.K7.logging,e)}(w,e,t,r)},h.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),R(w,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},v.forEach((e=>{h[e]=j(E,e,!0,"api")})),h.addPageAction=j(E,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),h.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,j(E,"setPageViewName",!0)()},h.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return N(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,l.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,l.R)(39,typeof e)},h.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,l.R)(41,typeof e)},h.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,l.R)(42,typeof e)},h.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),w.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,l.R)(23,e)}},h[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},h[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},h.interaction=function(e){return(new T).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const S=T.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),g||(0,a.p)(_+"tracer",[(0,m.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,w),function(){if(A.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,m.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw A.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{A.emit("fn-end",[(0,m.t)()],r)}}}};function j(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[(0,m.t)(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,w),r?void 0:this}}function k(){r.e(296).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,l.R)(27,e),w.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{S[e]=j(_,e,void 0,g?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),h.setCurrentRouteName=g?j(_,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):j(E,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),h.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,m.t)(),!1,r,!!x[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,w)},d.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>k()),!0):k(),h}var N=r(9417),T=r(8122);const S={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},j={};var k=r(5284);const I=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let O=!1;function P(e,t={},r,n){let{init:a,info:c,loader_config:u,runtime:l={},exposed:f=!0}=t;l.loaderType=r;const p=(0,g.pV)();c||(a=p.init,c=p.info,u=p.loader_config),(0,N.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,a||{}),function(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");j[e]=(0,T.a)(t,S);const r=(0,g.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=j[e])}(e.agentIdentifier,u||{}),c.jsAttributes??={},d.bv&&(c.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,c);const h=(0,N.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),v=[c.beacon,c.errorBeacon];O||(h.proxy.assets&&(I(h.proxy.assets),v.push(h.proxy.assets)),h.proxy.beacon&&v.push(h.proxy.beacon),E(),(0,g.US)("activatedFeatures",k.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===h.soft_navigations.enabled&&h.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),l.denyList=[...h.ajax.deny_list||[],...h.ajax.block_internal?v:[]],l.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,l),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=_(e.agentIdentifier,n,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=f),O=!0}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>o,K7:()=>n,P3:()=>i});const n={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:"jserrors",logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},i={[n.pageViewEvent]:1,[n.pageViewTiming]:2,[n.metrics]:3,[n.jserrors]:4,[n.spa]:5,[n.ajax]:6,[n.sessionTrace]:7,[n.softNav]:8,[n.sessionReplay]:9,[n.logging]:10,[n.genericEvents]:11},o={[n.pageViewTiming]:"events",[n.ajax]:"events",[n.spa]:"events",[n.softNav]:"events",[n.metrics]:"jserrors",[n.jserrors]:"jserrors",[n.sessionTrace]:"browser/blobs",[n.sessionReplay]:"browser/blobs",[n.logging]:"browser/logs",[n.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>"nr-rum-1.274.0.min.js",i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.274.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),d=0;d<u.length;d++){var l=u[d];if(l.getAttribute("src")==r||l.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=l;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={296:"sha512-gkYkZDAwQ9PwaDXs2YM+rNIdRej1Ac1mupWobRJ8eahQcXz6/sunGZCKklrzi5kWxhOGRZr2tn0rEKuLTXzfAA=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var g=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(g.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=g.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=g.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={840:0,374:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(e=(0,r.LA)(16)){this.agentIdentifier=e}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(9417);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var d=i(7603);var l=i(1687),f=i(4234),g=i(5289),p=i(6154),h=i(384);const v=e=>p.RI&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled");function m(e){return!!(0,h.dV)().o.MO&&v(e)&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}var b=i(6389);class y extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,b.J)((()=>{(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if(v(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,3861));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(t.sharedAggregator)await t.sharedAggregator;else{t.sharedAggregator=i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,9337));const{EventAggregator:e}=await t.sharedAggregator;t.sharedAggregator=new e}if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,g.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return m(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var w=i(6630);class A extends y{static featureName=w.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,w.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var R=i(9908),E=i(2843),x=i(3878),_=i(782),N=i(1863);class T extends y{static featureName=_.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,_.T,t),p.RI&&((0,E.u)((()=>(0,R.p)("docHidden",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,_.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,x.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,R.p)("winPagehide",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,_.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var S=i(3969);class j extends y{static featureName=S.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,S.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t,r){super(r),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,h.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(A),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,d.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,h.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[A,T,j],loaderType:"lite"})})()})();</script> <meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 7 (http://drupal.org)" /> <link rel="canonical" href="/suites/in-vessel-irradiation" /> <link rel="shortlink" href="/node/135152" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/sites/all/themes/at_panels_everywhere/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" /> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" /> <meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes" /> <title>In-Vessel Irradiation | Neutron Science at ORNL</title> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_xE-rWrJf-fncB6ztZfd2huxqgxu4WO-qwma6Xer30m4.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_Q7R7Blo9EYqLDI5rIlO_T3uTFBjIXjLpcqMHjTvVdmg.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_31jg3wrk3kgPIMYWmHw76NE4N5yynkJapunwtR_piMw.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_ffsAbiRb-YwFSbApfc5ozACXwdLqbt4XmsnEtr68UDI.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/4.4.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_sNIIf-zY4ERESTmMJahCe2_hGUWPgUSfzXzoTiZ9pSU.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_LQVe3kt42lvSwEW2kdZcQMIFrXddiAsbxMRF3DFvGXo.css" media="screen" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_akMQgSzT2whcP6U0ZJPXxfBGezfHU2rCOaopq16m31g.css" media="print" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_u74OaNGEEeI9ncGRa34LrxbV8eoJk0lNqoS5wJT5C68.css" media="only screen" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_QgkazcG_RqB5Qzs1Ax0kFxHBgaMZTo74w8uIYa0qDhI.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_z38fJZNQur9VCxWHb2REg-mf62LfXOR3DeqAfyhCKHA.css" media="only screen" />  <script type="text/javascript" src="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/sites/default/files/js/js_XexEZhbTmj1BHeajKr2rPfyR8Y68f4rm0Nv3Vj5_dSI.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/sites/default/files/js/js_ZsHnF31CGEL5ZWJV6rCXUoMgxyIw_nBtYatvPxPpXow.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/sites/default/files/js/js_5q_73NhG0R4Tyj8NqoxrO4a52rqJv4qjUMzY6wowmJ8.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/sites/default/files/js/js_ng84uJ94g_K8Gtn4YsM-1ofVz_u5QftaiyxM2VewCIQ.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/sites/default/files/js/js_2KlXA4Z5El1IQFVPxDN1aX5mIoMSFWGv3vwsP77K9yk.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/sites/default/files/js/js_DqkfMI5wJnwncNO8Ieb968IlbArOOHGajvDVcLgeVBY.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> <![CDATA[//><!]]> </script> <script> /*<![CDATA[*/ (function() { var sz = document.createElement('script'); sz.type = 'text/javascript'; sz.async = true; sz.src = '//siteimproveanalytics.com/js/siteanalyze_6024880.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(sz, s); })(); /*]]>*/ </script> <script type='text/javascript' src='//platform-api.sharethis.com/js/sharethis.js#property=5aa088b29c502900133c1b28&product=sticky-share-buttons' async='async'></script> <script type='text/javascript' src="/sites/all/themes/at_panels_everywhere/swift/hogan-3.0.1.js"></script>  <script type="text/javascript" src="/sites/all/themes/at_panels_everywhere/swift/jquery.swiftype.autocomplete.js"></script> <script type='text/javascript' src='/sites/all/themes/at_panels_everywhere/swift/jquery.ba-hashchange.min.js'></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/sites/all/themes/at_panels_everywhere/swift/jquery.swiftype.search.js"></script> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="/sites/all/themes/at_panels_everywhere/swift/autocomplete.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="/sites/all/themes/at_panels_everywhere/swift/search.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="/sites/all/themes/at_panels_everywhere/swift/custom.css" media="all" /> </head> <body class="html not-front not-logged-in page-node page-node- page-node-135152 node-type-suites homefront homesub site-name-hidden atr-7.x-3.x atv-7.x-3.0-rc1+1-dev at-panels-everywhere" > <div id="skip-link"> <a href="#main-content" class="element-invisible element-focusable">Skip to main content</a> </div> <div id="page-wrapper" class="atpe-site-template-fww no-sidebars at-mt"> <div id="header-wrapper"> <div class="container clearfix"> <div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-ornl-header ornl-header-mini no-title block" > <div class="pane-inner clearfix"> <div class="pane-content"> <div class="panel-flexible panels-flexible-76 clearfix" id="mini-panel-ornl_header"> <div class="panel-flexible-inside panels-flexible-76-inside"> <div class="panels-flexible-region panels-flexible-region-76-logo panels-flexible-region-first "> <div class="inside panels-flexible-region-inside panels-flexible-region-76-logo-inside panels-flexible-region-inside-first"> <div class="panel-pane pane-custom pane-4 ornl-logo no-title block" > <div class="pane-inner clearfix"> <div class="pane-content"> <div id="mobi"><img alt="" src="/sites/all/themes/at_panels_everywhere/images/mobi.png"></div> <div class="ornl-logo-img"><a href="https://www.ornl.gov"><img alt="Oak Ridge National Laboratory" src="/sites/default/files/ORNL_416x100.png" style="width: auto; height: 50px;"></a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panels-flexible-region panels-flexible-region-76-center"> <div class="inside panels-flexible-region-inside panels-flexible-region-76-center-inside"> <div class="panel-pane pane-custom pane-2 ornl-header-menu no-title block" > <div class="pane-inner clearfix"> <div class="pane-content"> <ul class="ornl-header-ul"> <li><a href="https://www.ornl.gov/content/solving-big-problems">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.ornl.gov/content/user-facilities">User Facilities</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.ornl.gov/content/science-and-discovery">Science & Discovery</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.ornl.gov/ornl/news/News-Resources">News</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.ornl.gov/our-people/find-people">Our People</a></li> <li><a href="https://jobs.ornl.gov/">Careers</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panels-flexible-region panels-flexible-region-76-google_search panels-flexible-region-last "> <div class="inside panels-flexible-region-inside panels-flexible-region-76-google_search-inside panels-flexible-region-inside-last"> <div class="panel-pane pane-custom pane-3 no-title block" > <div class="pane-inner clearfix"> <div class="pane-content">  <p><a id="search" name="search"></a></p> <div id="searchArea"> <div class="header_search" id="header_search"> <div id="search-contents"> <form id="search-form"><input class="st-search-input" id="st-search-input" placeholder="Search Site..." type="text"> <span id="search-label"> </span></form> <div id="autocomplete-container"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="nav-wrapper"> <div class="container clearfix"> <div id="menu-bar" class="nav clearfix"> <div class="panel-pane pane-custom pane-5 title-bar no-title block" > <div class="pane-inner clearfix"> <div class="pane-content"> <div class="title-bar-left"> <a href="/"><h1>Neutron Sciences Directorate</h1></a> </div> <div class="btn-group-drh-white" style="width: 16%; "> <ul class="btn-list-drh-white"> <li class="drh-white-button" style="width: 190px; text-align: center;"><a href="https://snsapp1.sns.ornl.gov/xprod/f?p=100:1" target="_blank">Request Beam Time</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="btn-group-drh-white" style="width: 16%; "> <ul class="btn-list-drh-white"> <li class="drh-white-button" style="width: 190px; text-align: center;"><a href="/hfir-virtual-tour">HFIR Virtual Tour</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="btn-group-drh-white" style="width: 16%;"> <ul class="btn-list-drh-white"> <li class="drh-white-button" style="width: 190px; text-align: center;"><a href="/virtual-tour">SNS Virtual Tour</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="messages-help-wrapper"> <div class="container clearfix"> <div class="region region-help"> <div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-tb-megamenu-main-menu homefront-menu no-title block" > <div class="pane-inner clearfix"> <div class="pane-content"> <div class="tb-megamenu tb-megamenu-main-menu" role="navigation" aria-label="Main navigation"> <button data-target=".nav-collapse" data-toggle="collapse" class="btn btn-navbar tb-megamenu-button" type="button"> <i class="fa fa-reorder"></i> </button> <div class="nav-collapse always-show"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-nav nav level-0 items-11"> <li data-id="218" data-level="1" data-type="menu_item" data-class="tb-mainitem" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-1 mega tb-mainitem"> <a href="/" title="Home"> Home </a> </li> <li data-id="758" data-level="1" data-type="menu_item" data-class="tb-mainitem" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="justify" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-1 mega tb-mainitem mega-align-justify dropdown"> <a href="/about" class="dropdown-toggle"> About <span class="caret"></span> </a> <div data-class="tb-dropmain" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu tb-dropmain dropdown-menu mega-dropdown-menu nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="5" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-3" class="tb-megamenu-column span5 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-1 items-2"> <li data-id="5897" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="1" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega mega-group"> <span class="tb_nolink ">About</span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu mega-group-ct nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-1" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-6"> <li data-id="5873" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="over-view" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega over-view"> <a href="/about" > Overview </a> </li> <li data-id="7827" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/sites/default/files/NScD_10YR_StrategicPlan_revised_09_26_2023.pdf" title="Neutron Sciences 10-Year Strategic Plan"> Neutron Sciences 10-Year Strategic Plan </a> </li> <li data-id="6003" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/careers" > Neutron Science Careers </a> </li> <li data-id="7828" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/about/neutron-advisory-board" title="Neutron Advisory Board"> Neutron Advisory Board </a> </li> <li data-id="7830" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/about/sns-accelerator-and-target-advisory-committee-atac" title="Accelerator and Target Advisory Committee (ATAC)"> Accelerator and Target Advisory Committee (ATAC) </a> </li> <li data-id="7610" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/procurement" > Neutron Sciences Procurement Group </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="6507" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="1" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega mega-group"> <span class="tb_nolink ">Outreach and Education</span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu mega-group-ct nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-2" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-4"> <li data-id="6508" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/nxs" title="Neutron Scattering School"> Neutron Scattering School </a> </li> <li data-id="7821" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/neutron-scattering-graduate-program" title="Neutron Scattering Graduate Research at ORNL"> Neutron Scattering Graduate Research at ORNL </a> </li> <li data-id="7207" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/wins" > Women in Neutron Sciences (WiNS) </a> </li> <li data-id="7648" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/inside-the-innovations" title="Inside The Innovations"> Inside The Innovations </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div data-class="" data-width="3" data-hidewcol="" id="tb-megamenu-column-5" class="tb-megamenu-column span3 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-1 items-1"> <li data-id="5321" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="tb-drophead" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="1" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega tb-drophead mega-group"> <span class="tb_nolink ">Facilities</span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu mega-group-ct nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-4" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-6"> <li data-id="5322" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/hfir" title="High Flux Isotope Reactor"> High Flux Isotope Reactor </a> </li> <li data-id="5323" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/sns" title="Spallation Neutron Source"> Spallation Neutron Source </a> </li> <li data-id="6029" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/lab" title="User Laboratories"> User Laboratories </a> </li> <li data-id="7779" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/virtual-tour" > SNS - Take a Virtual Tour </a> </li> <li data-id="7806" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/klystron-virtual-tour" > SNS Klystron Gallery - Take a Virtual Tour </a> </li> <li data-id="7803" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/hfir-virtual-tour" > HFIR - Take a Virtual Tour </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div data-class="" data-width="4" data-hidewcol="" id="tb-megamenu-column-7" class="tb-megamenu-column span4 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-1 items-1"> <li data-id="5324" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="tb-drophead" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="1" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega tb-drophead mega-group"> <span class="tb_nolink ">Divisions</span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu mega-group-ct nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-6" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-5"> <li data-id="5325" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/executive" title="Executive Office"> Executive Office </a> </li> <li data-id="5328" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/ntd" title="Neutron Technologies Division"> Neutron Technologies Division </a> </li> <li data-id="5843" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/nsd" title="Neutron Scattering Division"> Neutron Scattering Division </a> </li> <li data-id="5331" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/rad" title="Research Accelerator Division"> Research Accelerator Division </a> </li> <li data-id="5332" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/rrd" title="Research Reactors Division"> Research Reactors Division </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="1905" data-level="1" data-type="menu_item" data-class="tb-mainitem" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="left" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-1 mega tb-mainitem mega-align-left dropdown"> <a href="/future" class="dropdown-toggle"> Future <span class="caret"></span> </a> <div data-class="" data-width="300" style="width: 300px;" class="tb-megamenu-submenu dropdown-menu mega-dropdown-menu nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="" id="tb-megamenu-column-9" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-1 items-1"> <li data-id="5900" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="1" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega mega-group"> <span class="tb_nolink ">Projects</span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu mega-group-ct nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-8" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-7"> <li data-id="5192" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/ppu" > Proton Power Upgrade </a> </li> <li data-id="5193" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/sts" > Second Target Station </a> </li> <li data-id="7810" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/hbrr" > HFIR Beryllium Reflector Replacement </a> </li> <li data-id="7818" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/cgh" > HFIR Cold Guide Hall Extension </a> </li> <li data-id="7837" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/content/hfir-pressure-vessel-replacement-project" title="HFIR Pressure Vessel Replacement Project"> HFIR Pressure Vessel Replacement Project </a> </li> <li data-id="7811" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/future-venus" > VENUS Neutron Imaging Beamline </a> </li> <li data-id="7812" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/hfir/hfir-sns-5-year-working-schedule" > HFIR & SNS 5-Year Working Schedule </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="759" data-level="1" data-type="menu_item" data-class="tb-mainitem" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="justify" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-1 mega tb-mainitem mega-align-justify dropdown active active-trail"> <a href="/science" class="dropdown-toggle"> Science <span class="caret"></span> </a> <div data-class="tb-dropmain" data-width="900" style="width: 900px;" class="tb-megamenu-submenu tb-dropmain dropdown-menu mega-dropdown-menu nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="2" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-11" class="tb-megamenu-column span2 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-1 items-1"> <li data-id="5902" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="1" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega mega-group"> <span class="tb_nolink ">Science</span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu mega-group-ct nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-10" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-2"> <li data-id="5884" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="over-view1" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega over-view1"> <a href="/science" title="Overview"> Overview </a> </li> <li data-id="7813" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/all-news?field_news_type_tid=1133" title="Science Highlights"> Science Highlights </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div data-class="" data-width="5" data-hidewcol="" id="tb-megamenu-column-13" class="tb-megamenu-column span5 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-1 items-1"> <li data-id="5844" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="1" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega mega-group"> <span class="tb_nolink ">Science Initiatives</span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu mega-group-ct nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-12" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-7"> <li data-id="5194" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/science/biological-materials-systems" > Biological Materials and Systems </a> </li> <li data-id="5885" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/science/catalasys" > Chemistry, Geochemistry and Environmental Science </a> </li> <li data-id="5196" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/science/modeling" > Computing, Modeling, and Data Analytics </a> </li> <li data-id="7586" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/science/matter-under-extremes" > Physics of Matter under Extremes </a> </li> <li data-id="5195" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/science/materials-engineering" > Materials and Engineering </a> </li> <li data-id="5197" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/science/quantum-materials" > Quantum Materials </a> </li> <li data-id="5198" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/science/soft-matter" > Soft Matter and Polymers </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div data-class="" data-width="5" data-hidewcol="" id="tb-megamenu-column-17" class="tb-megamenu-column span5 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-1 items-1"> <li data-id="5845" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="1" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega mega-group active active-trail"> <span class="tb_nolink ">Science Techniques</span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu mega-group-ct nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-16" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-2"> <li data-id="5979" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="1" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega mega-group"> <span class="tb_nolink ">Neutron Scattering</span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu mega-group-ct nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-14" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-3 items-5"> <li data-id="5850" data-level="4" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-4 mega"> <a href="/suites/diffraction" title="Diffraction"> Diffraction </a> </li> <li data-id="5846" data-level="4" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-4 mega"> <a href="/suites/imaging" title="Imaging"> Imaging </a> </li> <li data-id="5848" data-level="4" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-4 mega"> <a href="/suites/reflectometry" title="Reflectometry"> Reflectometry </a> </li> <li data-id="5847" data-level="4" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-4 mega"> <a href="/suites/small-angle-neutron-scattering" title="Small Angle Neutron Scattering"> Small Angle Neutron Scattering </a> </li> <li data-id="5849" data-level="4" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-4 mega"> <a href="/suites/spectroscopy" title="Spectroscopy"> Spectroscopy </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="5980" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="1" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega mega-group active active-trail"> <span class="tb_nolink ">Nuclear</span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu mega-group-ct nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-15" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-3 items-3"> <li data-id="5886" data-level="4" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-4 mega"> <a href="/suites/gamma-irradiation" title="Gamma Irradiation"> Gamma Irradiation </a> </li> <li data-id="5887" data-level="4" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-4 mega active active-trail"> <a href="/suites/in-vessel-irradiation" title="In-Vessel Irradiation"> In-Vessel Irradiation </a> </li> <li data-id="5888" data-level="4" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-4 mega"> <a href="/suites/nuclear-forensics" title="Nuclear Forensics (Neutron Activation Analysis)"> Nuclear Forensics (Neutron Activation Analysis) </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="757" data-level="1" data-type="menu_item" data-class="tb-mainitem" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="justify" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-1 mega tb-mainitem mega-align-justify dropdown"> <a href="/users" class="dropdown-toggle"> For Users <span class="caret"></span> </a> <div data-class="tb-dropmain" data-width="1023" style="width: 1023px;" class="tb-megamenu-submenu tb-dropmain dropdown-menu mega-dropdown-menu nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="4" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-20" class="tb-megamenu-column span4 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-1 items-2"> <li data-id="5903" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="1" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega mega-group"> <span class="tb_nolink ">Introduction</span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu mega-group-ct nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-18" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-2"> <li data-id="5891" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/users" title="Overview"> Overview </a> </li> <li data-id="5892" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/users#contact-user-office" title="Contact Us"> Contact Us </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="6134" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="1" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega mega-group"> <span class="tb_nolink ">Become A User</span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu mega-group-ct nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-19" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-7"> <li data-id="6137" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/users/how-submit-proposal" > How to Submit a Proposal </a> </li> <li data-id="5439" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/users/proposal-types" > Proposal Types </a> </li> <li data-id="5445" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/users/tips" > Writing Your Statement of Research </a> </li> <li data-id="6139" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/users/ipts-checklist" > IPTS Proposal Form </a> </li> <li data-id="6136" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="https://snsapp1.sns.ornl.gov/xprod/f?p=100:1" title="Integrated Proposal Tracking System (IPTS)"> Integrated Proposal Tracking System (IPTS) </a> </li> <li data-id="7768" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/users/proposal-statistics" > Proposal Statistics </a> </li> <li data-id="7769" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/users/proposal-calls" > Proposal Calls </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div data-class="" data-width="3" data-hidewcol="" id="tb-megamenu-column-23" class="tb-megamenu-column span3 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-1 items-2"> <li data-id="6135" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="1" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega mega-group"> <span class="tb_nolink ">User Guide</span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu mega-group-ct nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-21" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-6"> <li data-id="6140" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/users/plan-your-visit" > Plan Your Visit </a> </li> <li data-id="6236" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/users/plan-your-visit-chk" > Plan Your Visit Checklist </a> </li> <li data-id="6141" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/users/shipping-guide" > Shipping Guide </a> </li> <li data-id="6142" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/users/onsite" > Onsite at ORNL </a> </li> <li data-id="6235" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/users/after-experiment" > After Your Experiment </a> </li> <li data-id="7817" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/users/user-guide-remote-experiments" > User Guide to Remote Experiments </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="6576" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="1" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega mega-group"> <span class="tb_nolink ">Support</span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu mega-group-ct nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-22" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-3"> <li data-id="6143" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/users/data-management" > Data Management </a> </li> <li data-id="5876" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/sample" > Sample Environment </a> </li> <li data-id="6577" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/lab" title="User Laboratories"> User Laboratories </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div data-class="" data-width="5" data-hidewcol="" id="tb-megamenu-column-25" class="tb-megamenu-column span5 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-1 items-1"> <li data-id="6126" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="1" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega mega-group"> <span class="tb_nolink ">Quick Links</span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu mega-group-ct nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-24" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-8"> <li data-id="6131" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="https://www.ornl.gov/facility/cnms" title="Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS) "> Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS) </a> </li> <li data-id="6128" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="https://snsapp1.sns.ornl.gov/xprod/f?p=100" title="Integrated Proposal Tracking System (IPTS)"> Integrated Proposal Tracking System (IPTS) </a> </li> <li data-id="6127" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="https://user.ornl.gov/Account/Login" title="ORNL Guest Portal"> ORNL Guest Portal </a> </li> <li data-id="6129" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="https://snsapp1.sns.ornl.gov/xprod_ro/f?p=134:2" title="Publications for SNS and HFIR (PuSH)"> Publications for SNS and HFIR (PuSH) </a> </li> <li data-id="6130" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/shug" title="SNS-HFIR User Group (SHUG)"> SNS-HFIR User Group (SHUG) </a> </li> <li data-id="6132" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="http://swc.ornl.gov/" title="Shull Wollan Center "> Shull Wollan Center </a> </li> <li data-id="7790" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="https://mailchi.mp/ornl/neutrontimes_jun24-6114817?e=1921bb3257" title="User Newsletter"> User Newsletter </a> </li> <li data-id="7819" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/users/FY2020%20and%202021%20Survey%20Results" title="User Survey Results"> User Survey Results </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="7795" data-level="1" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-1 mega"> <a href="/industry" > For Industry </a> </li> <li data-id="5473" data-level="1" data-type="menu_item" data-class="tb-mainitem" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-1 mega tb-mainitem"> <a href="/publications" > Publications </a> </li> <li data-id="760" data-level="1" data-type="menu_item" data-class="tb-mainitem" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="justify" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-1 mega tb-mainitem mega-align-justify dropdown"> <a href="/instruments" class="dropdown-toggle"> Instruments <span class="caret"></span> </a> <div data-class="tb-dropmain" data-width="1240" style="width: 1240px;" class="tb-megamenu-submenu tb-dropmain dropdown-menu mega-dropdown-menu nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="2" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-28" class="tb-megamenu-column span2 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-1 items-2"> <li data-id="5904" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="1" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega mega-group"> <span class="tb_nolink ">Instruments</span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu mega-group-ct nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-26" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-1"> <li data-id="5895" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="over-view2" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega over-view2"> <a href="/instruments" title="Overview"> Overview </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="5878" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="1" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega mega-group"> <span class="tb_nolink ">Support</span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu mega-group-ct nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-27" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-3"> <li data-id="5879" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/lab" > User Laboratories </a> </li> <li data-id="5880" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/sample" title="Sample Environment"> Sample Environment </a> </li> <li data-id="5889" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/users/data-management" > Data Management </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div data-class="" data-width="5" data-hidewcol="" id="tb-megamenu-column-30" class="tb-megamenu-column span5 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-1 items-1"> <li data-id="5345" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="tb-drophead" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="left" data-group="1" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega tb-drophead mega-align-left mega-group"> <span class="tb_nolink ">High Flux Isotope Reactor</span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu mega-group-ct nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-29" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-13"> <li data-id="5358" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/biosans" > BIO-SANS | Biological Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Instrument | CG-3 </a> </li> <li data-id="5357" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/ctax" > CTAX | Cold Neutron Triple-Axis Spectrometer | CG-4C </a> </li> <li data-id="5350" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/demand" > DEMAND | Dimensional Extreme Magnetic Neutron Diffractometer | HB-3A </a> </li> <li data-id="5344" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/developmentbeamlines" > DEV BEAMS | Instrument Development Beamline | HB-2D CG-1A CG-1B CG-4B </a> </li> <li data-id="5349" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/gpsans" > GP-SANS | General-Purpose Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Diffractometer | CG-2 </a> </li> <li data-id="5353" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/hidra" > HIDRA | High Intensity Diffractometer for Residual stress Analysis | HB-2B </a> </li> <li data-id="5356" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/imagine" > IMAGINE | Laue Diffractometer | CG-4D </a> </li> <li data-id="5347" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/mars" > MARS | Multimodal Advanced Radiography Station | CG-1D </a> </li> <li data-id="5348" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/powder" > POWDER | Neutron Powder Diffractometer | HB-2A </a> </li> <li data-id="5355" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/ptax" > PTAX | Polarized Triple-Axis Spectrometer | HB-1 </a> </li> <li data-id="5351" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/tax" > TAX | Triple-Axis Spectrometer | HB-3 </a> </li> <li data-id="5354" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/veritas" > VERITAS | Versatile Intense Triple-Axis Spectrometer | HB-1A </a> </li> <li data-id="5352" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/wand" > WAND虏 | Wide-Angle Neutron Diffractometer | HB-2C </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div data-class="" data-width="5" data-hidewcol="" id="tb-megamenu-column-32" class="tb-megamenu-column span5 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-1 items-1"> <li data-id="5346" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="tb-drophead" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="left" data-group="1" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega tb-drophead mega-align-left mega-group"> <span class="tb_nolink ">Spallation Neutron Source</span> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu mega-group-ct nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-31" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-2 items-20"> <li data-id="5360" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/arcs" > ARCS | Wide Angular-Range Chopper Spectrometer | BL-18 </a> </li> <li data-id="5373" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/basis" > BASIS | Backscattering Spectrometer | BL-2 </a> </li> <li data-id="5377" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/cncs" > CNCS | Cold Neutron Chopper Spectrometer | BL-5 </a> </li> <li data-id="5371" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/corelli" > CORELLI | Elastic Diffuse Scattering Spectrometer | BL-9 </a> </li> <li data-id="5374" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/eqsans" > EQ-SANS | Extended Q-Range Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Diffractometer | BL-6 </a> </li> <li data-id="5365" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/fnpb" > FNPB | Fundamental Neutron Physics Beam Line | BL-13 </a> </li> <li data-id="5364" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/hyspec" > HYSPEC | Hybrid Spectrometer | BL-14B </a> </li> <li data-id="5375" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/lr" > LIQREF | Liquids Reflectometer | BL-4B </a> </li> <li data-id="5376" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/mr" > MAGREF | Magnetism Reflectometer | BL-4A </a> </li> <li data-id="5370" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/mandi" > MANDI | Macromolecular Neutron Diffractometer | BL-11B </a> </li> <li data-id="5367" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/nomad" > NOMAD | Nanoscale-Ordered Materials Diffractometer | BL-1B </a> </li> <li data-id="5363" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/nse" > NSE | Neutron Spin Echo Spectrometer | BL-15 </a> </li> <li data-id="5368" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/powgen" > POWGEN | Powder Diffractometer | BL-11A </a> </li> <li data-id="5361" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/sequoia" > SEQUOIA | Fine-Resolution Fermi Chopper Spectrometer | BL-17 </a> </li> <li data-id="5372" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/snap" > SNAP | Spallation Neutrons and Pressure Diffractometer | BL-3 </a> </li> <li data-id="5366" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/topaz" > TOPAZ | Single-Crystal Diffractometer | BL-12 </a> </li> <li data-id="5369" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/usans" > USANS | Ultra-Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Instrument | BL-1A </a> </li> <li data-id="5359" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/venus" > VENUS | Versatile Neutron Imaging Instrument | BL-10 </a> </li> <li data-id="5362" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/vision" > VISION | Vibrational Spectrometer | BL-16B </a> </li> <li data-id="5894" data-level="3" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-3 mega"> <a href="/vulcan" > VULCAN | Engineering Materials Diffractometer | BL-7 </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="756" data-level="1" data-type="menu_item" data-class="tb-mainitem" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-1 mega tb-mainitem dropdown"> <a href="/news" class="dropdown-toggle"> News/Events <span class="caret"></span> </a> <div data-class="" data-width="" class="tb-megamenu-submenu dropdown-menu mega-dropdown-menu nav-child"> <div class="mega-dropdown-inner"> <div class="tb-megamenu-row row-fluid"> <div data-class="" data-width="12" data-hidewcol="0" id="tb-megamenu-column-33" class="tb-megamenu-column span12 mega-col-nav"> <div class="tb-megamenu-column-inner mega-inner clearfix"> <ul class="tb-megamenu-subnav mega-nav level-1 items-5"> <li data-id="5188" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="tb-mainitem" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega tb-mainitem"> <a href="/full-calendar" title="Events"> Events </a> </li> <li data-id="6510" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega"> <a href="/news" title="Overview"> Overview </a> </li> <li data-id="6511" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega"> <a href="/all-news" > ORNL Neutron News </a> </li> <li data-id="6514" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega"> <a href="https://mailchi.mp/ornl/neutrontimes_jun24-6114817?e=1921bb3257" title="User Newsletter"> User Newsletter </a> </li> <li data-id="6515" data-level="2" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-2 mega"> <a href="http://eepurl.com/cr3Mjn" title="Signup for Newsletter"> Signup for Newsletter </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li data-id="7807" data-level="1" data-type="menu_item" data-class="" data-xicon="" data-caption="" data-alignsub="" data-group="0" data-hidewcol="0" data-hidesub="0" class="tb-megamenu-item level-1 mega"> <a href="https://www.ornl.gov/directorate/neutrons/staff" title="Neutron Sciences Staff"> Staff </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="secondary-content-wrapper"> <div class="container clearfix"> <div class="region region-secondary-content"> <div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-easy-breadcrumb-easy-breadcrumb no-title block" > <div class="pane-inner clearfix"> <div class="pane-content"> <div itemscope class="easy-breadcrumb" itemtype="http://data-vocabulary.org/Breadcrumb"> <span itemprop="title"><a href="/" class="easy-breadcrumb_segment easy-breadcrumb_segment-front">Home</a></span> <span class="easy-breadcrumb_segment-separator">禄</span> <span itemprop="title"><a href="/instruments" class="easy-breadcrumb_segment easy-breadcrumb_segment-1">Neutron Science Instruments</a></span> <span class="easy-breadcrumb_segment-separator">禄</span> <span class="easy-breadcrumb_segment easy-breadcrumb_segment-title" itemprop="title">In-Vessel Irradiation</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="content-wrapper"> <div class="container"> <div id="columns"> <div class="columns-inner clearfix"> <div id="content-column" role="main"> <div class="content-inner"> <div id="main-content"> <div id="content"> <div class="region region-content"> <section class="panel-pane pane-views-panes pane-suites-panel-pane-3 suites-name-desc block" > <div class="pane-inner clearfix"> <h2 class="pane-title block-title">In-Vessel Irradiation</h2> <div class="pane-content"> <div class="view view-suites view-id-suites view-display-id-panel_pane_3 views-related-software-tech view-dom-id-044ccc5e0c22d32372aecfddf80e13ed"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-first views-row-last"> <div class="views-field views-field-body"> <div class="field-content"><p>The HFIR provides a variety of in-core irradiation facilities, allowing for a wide range of materials experiments and isotope production locations. The facilities below are listed in order from inside the core flux trap to the outside edges of the permanent beryllium reflector. Please refer to the accompanying graph showing the neutron flux values for these regions.</p> <p><div class="media media-element-container media-default"><div id="file-3194" class="file file-image file-image-jpeg"> <h2 class="element-invisible"><a href="/file/hfir-85mw-flux-curvesjpg">HFIR-85MW-flux-curves.jpg</a></h2> <div class="content"> <img alt="Neutron flux distributions at the core horizontal midplane with HFIR operating at 85MW." title="Neutron flux distributions at the core horizontal midplane with HFIR operating at 85MW." class="media-element file-default image-style-none" data-delta="1" src="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/sites/default/files/HFIR-85MW-flux-curves_0.jpg" width="480" height="334" /> </div> </div> </div></p> <p>Experiment Facilities</p> <ul> <li><a href="#tr">Target Regions</a></li> <li><a href="#ptp">Peripheral Target Positions</a></li> <li><a href="#htf">Hydraulic Tube Facility</a></li> <li><a href="#lrb">Large Removable Beryllium Reflector Facilities</a></li> <li><a href="#smb">Small Removable Beryllium Reflector Facilities</a></li> <li><a href="#cra">Control-Rod Access Plug Facilities</a></li> <li><a href="#sve">Small Vertical Experiment Facilities</a></li> <li><a href="#lve">Large Vertical Experiment Facilities</a></li> <li><a href="#sef">Slant Engineering Facilities</a></li> <li><a href="#qar">Quality Assurance Requirements</a></li> </ul> <p class="topMargin2" id="tr">Target Regions</p> <p>Thirty-one target positions are provided in the flux trap. These positions were originally designed to be occupied by target rods used for the production of transplutonium elements; however, other experiments can be irradiated in any of these positions. A similar target capsule configuration can be used in numerous applications. A third type of target is designed to house isotope or materials irradiation capsules that are similar to the rabbit facility capsules. The use of this type of irradiation capsule simplifies fabrication, shipping, and post-irradiation processing which translates to a cost savings for the experimenter.</p> <div><img alt="HFIR reactor core assembly and target regions" height="450" src="/sites/default/files/HFIR-target-regions.jpg" width="1140"> <p class="italics alignRight">HFIR reactor core assembly and target regions</p> </div> <p>Target irradiation capsules of each type must be designed such that they can be adequately cooled by the coolant flow available outside the target-rod shrouds. Excessive neutron poison loads in experiments in target positions are discouraged because of their adverse effects on both transplutonium isotope production rates and fuel cycle length. Such experiments require careful coordination to ensure minimal affects on adjacent experiments, fuel cycle length, and neutron scattering beam brightness. Two positions are now available for instrumented target experiments: positions E3 and E6.</p> <h3>Neutron Flux (N/cm<sup>2</sup>/sec)</h3> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="stripped" style="width:auto"> <tbody> <tr> <th>Position</th> <th>Thermal Flux <0.4 eV</th> <th>Fast Flux >0.183 MeV</th> </tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>1.7E+15</td> <td>7.9E+14</td> </tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>2.1E+15</td> <td>1.0E+15</td> </tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td>2.4E+15</td> <td>1.2E+15</td> </tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td>2.5E+15</td> <td>1.2E+15</td> </tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td>2.4E+15</td> <td>1.2E+15</td> </tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td>2.1E+15</td> <td>1.0E+15</td> </tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td>1.7E+15</td> <td>7.9E+14</td> </tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td>1.1E+15</td> <td>5.1E+14</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p class="topMargin2" id="ptp">Peripheral Target Positions</p> <div style="width:450px;float:right"><img alt="Cutaway view of HFIR's fuel element region showing peripheral target positions." height="600" src="/sites/default/files/HFIR-fuel-cutaway.jpg" width="450"> <p class="italics">Cutaway view of HFIR's fuel element region showing peripheral target positions.</p> </div> <p>Six peripheral target positions (PTPs) are provided. Fast-neutron fluxes in these positions are the highest available to experiments in the reactor, although a steep radial gradient in the thermal-neutron flux exists at this location.</p> <p>Like the target positions, a type of PTP capsule is available that houses isotope or materials irradiation capsules that are similar to the rabbit facility capsules. The use of this type of irradiation capsule simplifies fabrication, shipping, and post-irradiation processing which translates to a cost savings for the experimenter.</p> <p>PTP irradiation capsules of each type must be designed such that they can be adequately cooled by the coolant flow available. Typical experiments contain a neutron poison load equivalent to that associated with 200 g of aluminum and 35 g of stainless steel distributed uniformly over a 20-in. (50.8-cm) length. PTP experiments containing neutron poison loads in excess of that described are discouraged because of their adverse effects on isotope production rates, fuel cycle length, and fuel element power distribution.</p> <h3>Neutron Flux (N/cm<sup>2</sup>/sec)</h3> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="stripped" style="width:auto"> <tbody> <tr> <th>Position</th> <th>Thermal Flux <0.4 eV</th> <th>Fast Flux >0.183 MeV</th> </tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>2.5E+15</td> <td>1.2E+15</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p class="clear" id="htf">Hydraulic Tube Facility</p> <div class="floatRight" style="width:325px"><img alt="HFIR hydraulic tube facility" height="600" src="/sites/default/files/HFIR-hydraulic-facility.jpg" width="325"> <p class="italics">HFIR hydraulic tube facility</p> </div> <p>The HFIR hydraulic tube (HT) facility provides the ability to irradiate materials for durations less than the standard ~23 day HFIR fuel cycle, which is ideal for the production of short half-life medical isotopes that require retrieval on demand. The system consists of the necessary piping, valves, and instrumentation to shuttle aluminum capsules (called <em>rabbits</em>) between the capsule loading station and the flux trap in the reactor core.</p> <h3>Heat Considerations</h3> <p>Normally, the heat flux from neutron and gamma heating at the surface of the capsule is limited to 74,000 Btu/h-ft虏 (2.3 x 105 W/m虏). Furthermore, the neutron poison content of the facility load is limited such that the reactor cannot be tripped by a significant reactivity change upon insertion and removal of the samples.</p> <h3>Neutron Flux (N/cm<sup>2</sup>/sec)</h3> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="stripped" style="width:auto"> <tbody> <tr> <th>Position</th> <th>Thermal Flux <0.4 eV</th> <th>Fast Flux >0.183 MeV</th> </tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>1.7E+15</td> <td>7.9E+14</td> </tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>2.1E+15</td> <td>1.0E+15</td> </tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td>2.4E+15</td> <td>1.2E+15</td> </tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td>2.5E+15</td> <td>1.2E+15</td> </tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td>2.4E+15</td> <td>1.2E+15</td> </tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td>2.1E+15</td> <td>1.0E+15</td> </tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td>1.7E+15</td> <td>7.9E+14</td> </tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td>1.1E+15</td> <td>5.1E+14</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p class="topMargin2" id="lrb">Large Removable Beryllium Reflector Facilities</p> <div class="floatRight" style="width:450px"><img alt="Large removable beryllium facilities." height="586" src="/sites/default/files/HFIR-large-beryllium-reflector.jpg" width="450"> <p class="italics">Large removable beryllium facilities.</p> </div> <p>Eight large-diameter irradiation positions are located in the removable beryllium (RB) near the control region and are generally referred to as the RB* positions. These facilities are designed for either instrumented or non-instrumented experiments. The instrumented capsule design can also employ sweep or cooling gases as necessary. Instrument leads and access tubes are accommodated through penetrations in the upper shroud flange and through special penetrations in the pressure vessel hatch.</p> <p>When not in use, these facilities contain beryllium or aluminum plugs. Because of their close proximity to the fuel, RB* experiments are carefully reviewed with respect to their neutron poison content, which is limited because of its effect on fuel element power distribution and fuel cycle length.</p> <p>These positions can accommodate (i.e., shielded) experiments, making them well suited for fusion materials irradiation.</p> <p>Uses for the RB* facilities have included the production of radioisotopes; High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor (HTGR) fuel irradiations; and the irradiation of candidate fusion reactor materials. The later type of experiment requires a fast neutron flux. A significant fast flux is present in addition to the thermal flux. For this application the capsules are placed in a liner containing a thermal neutron poison for spectral-tailoring. These experiments are carefully reviewed with respect to their neutron poison content and limited to certain positions to minimize their effect on adjacent neutron scattering beam tubes.</p> <h3>Neutron Flux (N/cm<sup>2</sup>/sec)</h3> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="stripped" style="width:auto"> <tbody> <tr> <th>Position</th> <th>Thermal Flux <0.4 eV</th> <th>Fast Flux >0.183 MeV</th> </tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>1.2E+15</td> <td>6.0E+14</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p class="topMargin2" id="smb">Small Removable Beryllium Facilities</p> <div class="floatRight" style="width:350px"><img alt="Small removable beryllium facilities." height="302" src="/sites/default/files/HFIR-small-beryllium-reflector.jpg" width="350"> <p class="italics">Small removable beryllium facilities.</p> </div> <p>Four small-diameter irradiation positions are located in the removable beryllium (RB) near the control region. The small RB positions do not have an aluminum liner like the RB* facilities. When not in use, these positions contain beryllium plugs.</p> <p>The use of these facilities has been primarily for the production of radioisotopes. The neutron poison content limits and the available pressure drop requirements for experiments in these facilities is the same as in the RB* facilities previously discussed.</p> <h3>Neutron Flux (N/cm<sup>2</sup>/sec)</h3> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="stripped" style="width:auto"> <tbody> <tr> <th>Position</th> <th>Thermal Flux <0.4 eV</th> <th>Fast Flux >0.183 MeV</th> </tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>1.2E+15</td> <td>6.0E+14</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p class="topMargin2" id="cra">Control-Rod Access Plug Facilities</p> <p>Eight irradiation positions are located in the semipermanent reflector. The semipermanent reflector is made up of eight separate pieces of beryllium, four of which are referred to as control-rod access plugs. Each control-rod access plug contains two unlined irradiation facilities. Each of these facilities accommodates an experiment capsule similar to those used in the small removable beryllium facilities.</p> <p>Only non-instrumented experiments can be irradiated in these facilities. When not in use, these facilities contain beryllium plugs. A pressure drop of 10 psi (6.89 x 104 Pa) at full system flow is available to provide primary system coolant flow for cooling experiments.</p> <h3>Neutron Flux (N/cm<sup>2</sup>/sec)</h3> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="stripped" style="width:auto"> <tbody> <tr> <th>Position</th> <th>Thermal Flux <0.4 eV</th> <th>Fast Flux >0.183 MeV</th> </tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>1.1E+15</td> <td>1.5E+14</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p class="topMargin2" id="sve">Small Vertical Experiment Facilities</p> <p>Sixteen irradiation positions located in the permanent reflector are referred to as the small vertical experiment facilities (VXF). Each of these facilities has a permanent aluminum liner, located concentric with the core. Normally, non-instrumented experiments are irradiated in these facilities. VXF-7 is dedicated to one of the pneumatic irradiation facilities that supports the Neutron Activation Analysis Laboratory and is unavailable for other use.</p> <p>A pressure drop of approximately 100 psi (6.89 脳 105 Pa) at full system flow is available to provide primary system coolant flow for cooling experiments. When not in use, these facilities may contain a beryllium or aluminum plug or a flow-regulating orifice and no plug.</p> <p>Large neutron poison loads in these facilities are of no particular concern with respect to fuel element power distribution perturbations or effects on fuel cycle length because of their distance from the core; however, experiments are carefully reviewed with respect to their neutron poison content, which is limited to minimize their effect on adjacent neutron scattering beam tubes.</p> <h3>Neutron Flux (N/cm<sup>2</sup>/sec)</h3> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="stripped" style="width:auto"> <tbody> <tr> <th>Location</th> <th>Position</th> <th>Thermal Flux <0.4 eV</th> <th>Fast Flux >0.183 MeV</th> </tr> <tr> <td>Inner</td> <td>1</td> <td>7.4E+14</td> <td>5.1E+13</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Outer</td> <td>1</td> <td>5.1E+14</td> <td>1.8E+13</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p class="topMargin2" id="lve">Large Vertical Experiment Facilities</p> <p>Six irradiation positions located in the permanent reflector are referred to as the large vertical experiment facilities. These facilities are similar in all respects (as to characteristics and capabilities) to the small vertical experiment facilities described in the preceding section except for location and size. When not in use, these facilities contain beryllium or aluminum plugs.</p> <p>Large neutron poison loads in these facilities are of no particular concern with respect to fuel element power distribution perturbations or effects on fuel cycle length because of their distance from the core; however, experiments are carefully reviewed with respect to their neutron poison content, which is limited to minimize their effect on adjacent neutron scattering beam tubes.</p> <h3>Neutron Flux (N/cm<sup>2</sup>/sec)</h3> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="stripped" style="width:auto"> <tbody> <tr> <th>Position</th> <th>Thermal Flux <0.4 eV</th> <th>Fast Flux >0.183 MeV</th> </tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>4.3E+14</td> <td>1.2LE+13</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p class="topMargin2" id="sef">Slant Engineering Facilities</p> <p>Provision has been made for installation of up to two engineering facilities to provide additional positions for experiments. These facilities consist of tubes that are inclined upward 49掳 from horizontal. The inner ends of the tubes terminate at the outer periphery of the beryllium. The upper ends of the tubes terminate at the outer face of the pool wall in an experiment room one floor above the main beam room.</p> <p>One of the engineering facilities houses the PT-2 pneumatic tube, which was installed in 1986.</p> <p class="topMargin2" id="qar">Quality Assurance Requirements</p> <p>The quality assurance (QA) program for the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) is based on 10 CFR 830, Subpart A requirements and implementation practices from ASME/NQA-1. All experiments, rabbit capsules, and isotope targets to be irradiated in HFIR must be designed and fabricated under an equivalent set of controls. The experiment鈥檚 quality program will be reviewed for approval by the Research Reactors Division (RRD) QA personnel prior to acceptance of an experiment into the irradiation program. Experimenters are expected to exercise strict controls over material certification, traceability, and handling, fabrication dimensional tolerances and inspection, containment integrity testing, and cleaning.</p> <p>The specific design of the experiment will be reviewed and approved by RRD technical personnel following an established process. Deviations and nonconformances to approved designs are required to be reviewed and approved by RRD. Experiment fabrication facilities may be audited by RRD QA personnel for program implementation compliance. The experiment鈥檚 fabrication records will be reviewed and approved prior to acceptance of the hardware for irradiation in HFIR.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="pre-tertiary-content-wrapper"> <div class="container clearfix"> <div class="region region-pre-tertiary-content"> <div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-quicktabs-technique-poc views-rollup instruments-team no-title block" > <div class="pane-inner clearfix"> <div class="pane-content"> <div id="quickset-technique_poc" class="quick-accordion"><h3><a href= "#quickset-technique_poc_0">Point of Contact</a></h3><div><div class="view view-suites view-id-suites view-display-id-panel_pane_11 rel-poc view-dom-id-3bcac0218fb08834e7d71d65900c8a8d"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="views-fluid-grid"> <ul class="views-fluid-grid-list views-fluid-grid-items-width-250 views-fluid-grid-items-height-150 views-fluid-grid-items-h-margin-1em views-fluid-grid-items-v-margin-1em"> <li class="views-fluid-grid-inline views-fluid-grid-item views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-first views-row-last"> <div class="views-field views-field-field-person-image"> <div class="field-content"><a href="/contacts/chris-bryan"><img class="image-style-headshot-120x150" src="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/sites/default/files/styles/headshot_120x150/public/default_images/silhouette.png?itok=ulkWjpLB" width="120" height="150" alt="" /></a></div> </div> <div class="views-field views-field-title"> <span class="field-content"><a href="/contacts/chris-bryan">Chris Bryan</a></span> </div></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="tertiary-content-wrapper"> <div class="container clearfix"> <div class="region region-tertiary-content"> <div class="panel-pane pane-custom pane-6 no-title block" > <div class="pane-inner clearfix"> <div class="pane-content"> <div class="footer-mega"> <div class="menu-column"> <div class="btn-group-contact"> <ul> <li class="address" style="text-transform: uppercase; font-size: 1.17em; margin-top:0;">Contact Us</a> </div> <div class="address"> Neutron Sciences Directorate<br> One Bethel Valley Rd<br> Oak Ridge, TN 37831<br> <br> Office Phone: 865-574-0558<br> <br> </div> </div> <div class="menu-column"> <h3>QUICK LINKS</h3> <ul> <li><a href="/users">Do Research Here</a></li> <li><a href="/publications">Publications</a></li> <li><a href="/careers">Careers</a></li> <li><a href="https://user.ornl.gov/Account/Login">Internal Users</a></li> <li><a href="https://ornl.sharepoint.com/sites/neutronsciences/SitePages/Home.aspx">Internal Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/content/shug-online-comment-card">Contact SHUG</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="menu-column"> <div class="follow-us"> <h3>CONNECT WITH US</h3> <ul class="footer-social"> <li><a href="https://www.facebook.com/neutrons.sciences/" target="_blank"><img alt="ORNL SNS on Facebook" src="/sites/all/themes/at_panels_everywhere/images/icons/facebook_icon.png" /></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.instagram.com/neutron_sciences_ornl" target="_blank"><img alt="ORNL SNS on Instagram" src="/sites/default/files/insta.png" /></a></li> <li><a href="https://twitter.com/ornlneutrons" target="_blank"><img alt="ORNL on Twitter" src="/sites/all/themes/at_panels_everywhere/images/icons/twitter_icon.png" /></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/neutrons-at-ornl/" target="_blank"><img alt="ORNL on LinkedIn" src="/sites/all/themes/at_panels_everywhere/images/icons/linkedin_icon.png" /></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/ornl-neutronsciences/" target="_blank"><img alt="ORNL on Flickr" src="/sites/all/themes/at_panels_everywhere/images/icons/flickr_icon.png" /></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuCd9eZWq0hNCGI_8RP1IFQ" target="_blank"><img alt="ORNL on YouTube" src="/sites/all/themes/at_panels_everywhere/images/icons/youtube_icon.png" /></a></li>  </ul> </div> </div> <div class="menu-column"> <div class="doe"> <a href="https://www.energy.gov/science/office-science" target="_blank"><img src="/sites/all/themes/at_panels_everywhere/images/doe.png" alt=""></a> <p>Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle LLC for the US Department of Energy</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="footer-wrapper"> <div class="container clearfix"> <footer id="footer" role="contentinfo"> <div class="panel-pane pane-panels-mini pane-ornl-footer ornl-footer-mini no-title block" > <div class="pane-inner clearfix"> <div class="pane-content"> <div class="panel-flexible panels-flexible-81 clearfix" id="mini-panel-ornl_footer"> <div class="panel-flexible-inside panels-flexible-81-inside"> <div class="panels-flexible-region panels-flexible-region-81-end panels-flexible-region-first panels-flexible-region-last "> <div class="inside panels-flexible-region-inside panels-flexible-region-81-end-inside panels-flexible-region-inside-first panels-flexible-region-inside-last"> <div class="panel-pane pane-custom pane-1 ornl-footer-end no-title block" > <div class="pane-inner clearfix"> <div class="pane-content"> <div class="footer-comp"> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.ornl.gov/content/connect-anywhere" target="_blank">Internal Users</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.ornl.gov/content/accessibility" target="_blank">Accessibility</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.ornl.gov/content/notice-nondiscrimination-and-accessibility-requirements" target="_blank">Nondiscrimination/1557</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.ornl.gov/ornl/contact-us/Security--Privacy-Notice" target="_blank">Security & Privacy Notice</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <nav id="mmenu_left" class="mmenu-nav clearfix"> <ul> <ul class="mmenu-mm-list-level-1"><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-218 mmenu-mm-list-path-front"><a href="/" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-home"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Home</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-758 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-446"><a href="/about" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">About</span></a><ul class="mmenu-mm-list-level-2"><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5897 mmenu-mm-list-path-nolink"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mmenu-mm-list mmenu-mm-subopen"><i class="icon-plus"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">About</span></a><ul class="mmenu-mm-list-level-3"><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5873 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-446"><a href="/about" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Overview</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-7827 mmenu-mm-list-path-https:--neutrons.ornl.gov-sites-default-files-NScD_10YR_StrategicPlan_revised_09_26_2023.pdf"><a href="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/sites/default/files/NScD_10YR_StrategicPlan_revised_09_26_2023.pdf" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Neutron Sciences 10-Year Strategic Plan</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-6003 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-449"><a href="/careers" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Neutron Science Careers</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-7828 mmenu-mm-list-path-https:--neutrons.ornl.gov-about-neutron-advisory-board"><a href="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/about/neutron-advisory-board" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Neutron Advisory Board</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-7830 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-149382"><a href="/about/sns-accelerator-and-target-advisory-committee-atac" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Accelerator and Target Advisory Committee (ATAC)</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-7610 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-1698"><a href="/procurement" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Neutron Sciences Procurement Group</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-6507 mmenu-mm-list-path-nolink"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mmenu-mm-list mmenu-mm-subopen"><i class="icon-plus"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Outreach and Education</span></a><ul class="mmenu-mm-list-level-3"><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-6508 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-150178"><a href="/nxs" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Neutron Scattering School</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-7821 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-147906"><a href="/neutron-scattering-graduate-program" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Neutron Scattering Graduate Research at ORNL</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-7207 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-136265"><a href="/wins" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Women in Neutron Sciences (WiNS)</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-7648 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-142046"><a href="/inside-the-innovations" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Inside The Innovations</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5321 mmenu-mm-list-path-nolink"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mmenu-mm-list mmenu-mm-subopen"><i class="icon-plus"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Facilities</span></a><ul class="mmenu-mm-list-level-3"><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5322 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-956"><a href="/hfir" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">High Flux Isotope Reactor</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5323 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-957"><a href="/sns" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Spallation Neutron Source</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-6029 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-135139"><a href="/lab" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">User Laboratories</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-7779 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-145775"><a href="/virtual-tour" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">SNS - Take a Virtual Tour</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-7806 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-146549"><a href="/klystron-virtual-tour" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">SNS Klystron Gallery - Take a Virtual Tour</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-7803 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-146495"><a href="/hfir-virtual-tour" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">HFIR - Take a Virtual Tour</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5324 mmenu-mm-list-path-nolink"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mmenu-mm-list mmenu-mm-subopen"><i class="icon-plus"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Divisions</span></a><ul class="mmenu-mm-list-level-3"><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5325 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-1399"><a href="/executive" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Executive Office</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5843 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-135053"><a href="/nsd" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Neutron Scattering Division</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5328 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-1148"><a href="/ntd" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Neutron Technologies Division</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5331 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-1151"><a href="/rad" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Research Accelerator Division</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5332 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-1153"><a href="/rrd" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Research Reactors Division</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5900 mmenu-mm-list-path-nolink"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mmenu-mm-list mmenu-mm-subopen"><i class="icon-plus"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Projects</span></a><ul class="mmenu-mm-list-level-2"><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5192 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-134066"><a href="/ppu" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Proton Power Upgrade</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5193 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-11460"><a href="/sts" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Second Target Station</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-7810 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-146763"><a href="/hbrr" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">HFIR Beryllium Reflector Replacement</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-7818 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-147454"><a href="/cgh" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">HFIR Cold Guide Hall Extension</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-7837 mmenu-mm-list-path-https:--neutrons.ornl.gov-content-hfir-pressure-vessel-replacement-project"><a href="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/content/hfir-pressure-vessel-replacement-project" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">HFIR Pressure Vessel Replacement Project</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-7811 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-146764"><a href="/future-venus" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">VENUS Neutron Imaging Beamline</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-7812 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-146737"><a href="/hfir/hfir-sns-5-year-working-schedule" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">HFIR & SNS 5-Year Working Schedule</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-1905 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-135177"><a href="/future" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Future</span></a><ul class="mmenu-mm-list-level-2"><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5901 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-135177"><a href="/future" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Overview</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-759 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-447"><a href="/science" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Science</span></a><ul class="mmenu-mm-list-level-2"><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5902 mmenu-mm-list-path-nolink"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mmenu-mm-list mmenu-mm-subopen"><i class="icon-plus"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Science</span></a><ul class="mmenu-mm-list-level-3"><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5884 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-447"><a href="/science" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Overview</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-7813 mmenu-mm-list-path-https:--neutrons.ornl.gov-all-news?field_news_type_tid=1133"><a href="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/all-news?field_news_type_tid=1133" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Science Highlights</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5844 mmenu-mm-list-path-nolink"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mmenu-mm-list mmenu-mm-subopen"><i class="icon-plus"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Science Initiatives</span></a><ul class="mmenu-mm-list-level-3"><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5194 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-1403"><a href="/science/biological-materials-systems" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Biological Materials and Systems</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5885 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-135150"><a href="/science/catalasys" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Chemistry, Geochemistry and Environmental Science</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5196 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-1422"><a href="/science/modeling" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Computing, Modeling, and Data Analytics</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-7586 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-138600"><a href="/science/matter-under-extremes" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Physics of Matter under Extremes</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5195 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-1401"><a href="/science/materials-engineering" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Materials and Engineering</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5197 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-1400"><a href="/science/quantum-materials" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Quantum Materials</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5198 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-1402"><a href="/science/soft-matter" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Soft Matter and Polymers</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5845 mmenu-mm-list-path-nolink"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mmenu-mm-list mmenu-mm-subopen"><i class="icon-plus"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Science Techniques</span></a><ul class="mmenu-mm-list-level-3"><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5979 mmenu-mm-list-path-nolink"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mmenu-mm-list mmenu-mm-subopen"><i class="icon-plus"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Neutron Scattering</span></a><ul class="mmenu-mm-list-level-4"><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5850 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-134007"><a href="/suites/diffraction" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Diffraction</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5846 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-134010"><a href="/suites/imaging" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Imaging</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5848 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-134006"><a href="/suites/reflectometry" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Reflectometry</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5847 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-134135"><a href="/suites/small-angle-neutron-scattering" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Small Angle Neutron Scattering</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5849 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-134011"><a href="/suites/spectroscopy" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Spectroscopy</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5980 mmenu-mm-list-path-nolink"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mmenu-mm-list mmenu-mm-subopen"><i class="icon-plus"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Nuclear</span></a><ul class="mmenu-mm-list-level-4"><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5886 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-135151"><a href="/suites/gamma-irradiation" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Gamma Irradiation</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5887 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-135152 active-trail"><a href="/suites/in-vessel-irradiation" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">In-Vessel Irradiation</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5888 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-135153"><a href="/suites/nuclear-forensics" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Nuclear Forensics (Neutron Activation Analysis)</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-757 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-445"><a href="/users" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">For Users</span></a><ul class="mmenu-mm-list-level-2"><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5903 mmenu-mm-list-path-nolink"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mmenu-mm-list mmenu-mm-subopen"><i class="icon-plus"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Introduction</span></a><ul class="mmenu-mm-list-level-3"><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5891 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-445"><a href="/users" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Overview</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5892 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-445"><a href="/users" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Contact Us</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-6134 mmenu-mm-list-path-nolink"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mmenu-mm-list mmenu-mm-subopen"><i class="icon-plus"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Become A User</span></a><ul class="mmenu-mm-list-level-3"><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-6137 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-135209"><a href="/users/how-submit-proposal" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">How to Submit a Proposal</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5439 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-1419"><a href="/users/proposal-types" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Proposal Types</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5445 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-1393"><a href="/users/tips" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Writing Your Statement of Research</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-6139 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-135211"><a href="/users/ipts-checklist" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">IPTS Proposal Form</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-6136 mmenu-mm-list-path-https:--snsapp1.sns.ornl.gov-xprod-f?p=100:1"><a href="https://snsapp1.sns.ornl.gov/xprod/f?p=100:1" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Integrated Proposal Tracking System (IPTS)</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-7768 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-145454"><a href="/users/proposal-statistics" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Proposal Statistics</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-7769 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-145477"><a href="/users/proposal-calls" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Proposal Calls</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-6135 mmenu-mm-list-path-nolink"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mmenu-mm-list mmenu-mm-subopen"><i class="icon-plus"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">User Guide</span></a><ul class="mmenu-mm-list-level-3"><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-6140 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-135207"><a href="/users/plan-your-visit" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Plan Your Visit</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-6236 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-135631"><a href="/users/plan-your-visit-chk" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Plan Your Visit Checklist</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-6141 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-135212"><a href="/users/shipping-guide" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Shipping Guide</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-6142 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-135213"><a href="/users/onsite" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Onsite at ORNL</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-6235 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-135630"><a href="/users/after-experiment" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">After Your Experiment</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-7817 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-147354"><a href="/users/user-guide-remote-experiments" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">User Guide to Remote Experiments</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-6576 mmenu-mm-list-path-nolink"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mmenu-mm-list mmenu-mm-subopen"><i class="icon-plus"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Support</span></a><ul class="mmenu-mm-list-level-3"><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-6143 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-135214"><a href="/users/data-management" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Data Management</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5876 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-13591"><a href="/sample" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Sample Environment</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-6577 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-135139"><a href="/lab" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">User Laboratories</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-6126 mmenu-mm-list-path-nolink"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mmenu-mm-list mmenu-mm-subopen"><i class="icon-plus"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Quick Links</span></a><ul class="mmenu-mm-list-level-3"><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-6131 mmenu-mm-list-path-https:--www.ornl.gov-facility-cnms"><a href="https://www.ornl.gov/facility/cnms" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS) </span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-6128 mmenu-mm-list-path-https:--snsapp1.sns.ornl.gov-xprod-f?p=100"><a href="https://snsapp1.sns.ornl.gov/xprod/f?p=100" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Integrated Proposal Tracking System (IPTS)</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-6127 mmenu-mm-list-path-https:--user.ornl.gov-Account-Login"><a href="https://user.ornl.gov/Account/Login" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">ORNL Guest Portal</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-6129 mmenu-mm-list-path-https:--snsapp1.sns.ornl.gov-xprod_ro-f?p=134:2"><a href="https://snsapp1.sns.ornl.gov/xprod_ro/f?p=134:2" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Publications for SNS and HFIR (PuSH)</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-6130 mmenu-mm-list-path-https:--neutrons.ornl.gov-shug"><a href="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/shug" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">SNS-HFIR User Group (SHUG)</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-6132 mmenu-mm-list-path-http:--swc.ornl.gov"><a href="http://swc.ornl.gov/" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Shull Wollan Center </span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-7790 mmenu-mm-list-path-https:--mailchi.mp-ornl-neutrontimes_jun24-6114817?e=1921bb3257"><a href="https://mailchi.mp/ornl/neutrontimes_jun24-6114817?e=1921bb3257" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">User Newsletter</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-7819 mmenu-mm-list-path-https:--neutrons.ornl.gov-users-FY2020%20and%202021%20Survey%20Results"><a href="https://neutrons.ornl.gov/users/FY2020%20and%202021%20Survey%20Results" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">User Survey Results</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-7795 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-146167"><a href="/industry" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">For Industry</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5473 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-411"><a href="/publications" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Publications</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-760 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-448"><a href="/instruments" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Instruments</span></a><ul class="mmenu-mm-list-level-2"><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5904 mmenu-mm-list-path-nolink"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mmenu-mm-list mmenu-mm-subopen"><i class="icon-plus"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Instruments</span></a><ul class="mmenu-mm-list-level-3"><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5895 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-448"><a href="/instruments" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Overview</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5878 mmenu-mm-list-path-nolink"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mmenu-mm-list mmenu-mm-subopen"><i class="icon-plus"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Support</span></a><ul class="mmenu-mm-list-level-3"><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5889 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-135214"><a href="/users/data-management" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Data Management</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5880 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-13591"><a href="/sample" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Sample Environment</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5879 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-135139"><a href="/lab" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">User Laboratories</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5345 mmenu-mm-list-path-nolink"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mmenu-mm-list mmenu-mm-subopen"><i class="icon-plus"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">High Flux Isotope Reactor</span></a><ul class="mmenu-mm-list-level-3"><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5358 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-995"><a href="/biosans" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">BIO-SANS | Biological Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Instrument | CG-3</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5357 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-994"><a href="/ctax" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">CTAX | Cold Neutron Triple-Axis Spectrometer | CG-4C</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5350 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-987"><a href="/demand" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">DEMAND | Dimensional Extreme Magnetic Neutron Diffractometer | HB-3A</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5344 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-1022"><a href="/developmentbeamlines" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">DEV BEAMS | Instrument Development Beamline | HB-2D CG-1A CG-1B CG-4B</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5349 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-983"><a href="/gpsans" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">GP-SANS | General-Purpose Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Diffractometer | CG-2</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5353 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-990"><a href="/hidra" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">HIDRA | High Intensity Diffractometer for Residual stress Analysis | HB-2B</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5356 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-993"><a href="/imagine" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">IMAGINE | Laue Diffractometer | CG-4D</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5347 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-1023"><a href="/mars" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">MARS | Multimodal Advanced Radiography Station | CG-1D</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5348 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-982"><a href="/powder" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">POWDER | Neutron Powder Diffractometer | HB-2A</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5355 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-992"><a href="/ptax" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">PTAX | Polarized Triple-Axis Spectrometer | HB-1</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5351 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-988"><a href="/tax" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">TAX | Triple-Axis Spectrometer | HB-3</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5354 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-991"><a href="/veritas" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">VERITAS | Versatile Intense Triple-Axis Spectrometer | HB-1A</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5352 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-989"><a href="/wand" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">WAND虏 | Wide-Angle Neutron Diffractometer | HB-2C</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5346 mmenu-mm-list-path-nolink"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="mmenu-mm-list mmenu-mm-subopen"><i class="icon-plus"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Spallation Neutron Source</span></a><ul class="mmenu-mm-list-level-3"><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5360 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-1021"><a href="/arcs" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">ARCS | Wide Angular-Range Chopper Spectrometer | BL-18</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5373 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-1000"><a href="/basis" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">BASIS | Backscattering Spectrometer | BL-2</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5377 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-1004"><a href="/cncs" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">CNCS | Cold Neutron Chopper Spectrometer | BL-5</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5371 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-997"><a href="/corelli" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">CORELLI | Elastic Diffuse Scattering Spectrometer | BL-9</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5374 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-1001"><a href="/eqsans" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">EQ-SANS | Extended Q-Range Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Diffractometer | BL-6</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5365 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-1016"><a href="/fnpb" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">FNPB | Fundamental Neutron Physics Beam Line | BL-13</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5364 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-1017"><a href="/hyspec" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">HYSPEC | Hybrid Spectrometer | BL-14B</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5375 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-1002"><a href="/lr" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">LIQREF | Liquids Reflectometer | BL-4B</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5376 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-1003"><a href="/mr" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">MAGREF | Magnetism Reflectometer | BL-4A</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5370 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-996"><a href="/mandi" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">MANDI | Macromolecular Neutron Diffractometer | BL-11B</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5367 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-984"><a href="/nomad" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">NOMAD | Nanoscale-Ordered Materials Diffractometer | BL-1B</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5363 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-1018"><a href="/nse" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">NSE | Neutron Spin Echo Spectrometer | BL-15</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5368 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-985"><a href="/powgen" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">POWGEN | Powder Diffractometer | BL-11A</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5361 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-1020"><a href="/sequoia" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">SEQUOIA | Fine-Resolution Fermi Chopper Spectrometer | BL-17</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5372 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-999"><a href="/snap" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">SNAP | Spallation Neutrons and Pressure Diffractometer | BL-3</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5366 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-1015"><a href="/topaz" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">TOPAZ | Single-Crystal Diffractometer | BL-12</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5369 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-986"><a href="/usans" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">USANS | Ultra-Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Instrument | BL-1A</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5359 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-1499"><a href="/venus" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">VENUS | Versatile Neutron Imaging Instrument | BL-10</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5362 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-1019"><a href="/vision" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">VISION | Vibrational Spectrometer | BL-16B</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5894 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-998"><a href="/vulcan" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">VULCAN | Engineering Materials Diffractometer | BL-7</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-756 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-444"><a href="/news" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">News/Events</span></a><ul class="mmenu-mm-list-level-2"><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-5188 mmenu-mm-list-path-full-calendar"><a href="/full-calendar" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Events</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-6510 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-444"><a href="/news" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Overview</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-6511 mmenu-mm-list-path-node-135216"><a href="/all-news" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">ORNL Neutron News</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-6514 mmenu-mm-list-path-https:--mailchi.mp-ornl-neutrontimes_jun24-6114817?e=1921bb3257"><a href="https://mailchi.mp/ornl/neutrontimes_jun24-6114817?e=1921bb3257" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">User Newsletter</span></a></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-6515 mmenu-mm-list-path-http:--eepurl.com-cr3Mjn"><a href="http://eepurl.com/cr3Mjn" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Signup for Newsletter</span></a></li></ul></li><li class="mmenu-mm-list-mlid-7807 mmenu-mm-list-path-https:--www.ornl.gov-directorate-neutrons-staff"><a href="https://www.ornl.gov/directorate/neutrons/staff" class="mmenu-mm-list "><i class="icon-list2"></i><span class="mmenu-block-title">Staff</span></a></li></ul> </ul> </nav> <script type='text/javascript' src='/sites/all/themes/at_panels_everywhere/swift/result.render.js'></script> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"NRJS-2bc928357ddb9c24d07","applicationID":"1246124522","transactionName":"MQNaMBQFDRdZU0BRVghJbRYPS0wNVlRRQBcWDkg=","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":9,"atts":"HURZRlwfHhk=","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body> </html>