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Only two were made, with no production following. ==Design and development== In January 1948, the Soviet Union issued a specification for a long-range, all-weather [[interceptor aircraft|Interceptor]], capable of intercepting hostile aircraft far from the attacker's targets by day and night.<ref name="Bely p154-5">Belyakov and Marmain 1994, pp. 154–155.</ref><ref name="Gunston Rus p191-2">Gunston 1995, pp. 191–192.</ref> The specification resulted in designs from several [[OKB|design bureau]]s, including [[Mikoyan-Gurevich]], who proposed the ''Izdeliya R'' ("Article R")<ref name="complete p392">Green and Swanborough 1994, p. 392.</ref> or I-320, [[Lavochkin]] (the [[Lavochkin La-200|La-200]]) and [[Sukhoi]] (the [[Sukhoi Su-15 (1949)|Su-15]]).<ref name="Gunston Rus p192">Gunston 1995, p. 192.</ref> The Mikoyan-Gurevich design, was like the other two competing aircraft, a twin-engined swept-wing aircraft, with the fuselage housing the engines in tandem, with one at the bottom of the forward fuselage and the second in the rear fuselage. The engines were fed from an inlet in the nose, which split into three ducts, the first feeding the forward engine and the other two passing around the cockpit to feed the rear engine. The crew of two (aircraft commander and radar operator, who were provided with dual controls) sat on individual [[Ejection seat|ejector seats]] in a side-by-side, unpressurised cockpit.<ref name="Gunston Rus p192"/><ref name="Bely p155">Belyakov and Marmain 1994, p. 155.</ref> The wings, which were of similar layout to those of the smaller [[Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15|MiG-15]] day fighter,<ref name="Gunston Rus p192"/> were swept at an angle of 35 degrees,<ref name="AI Mar73 p140">''Air Enthusiast'' March 1973, p. 140.</ref> and were fitted with large [[wing fence]]s.<ref name="Bely p157">Belyakov and Marmain 1994, p. 157.</ref> Air intercept [[radar]], at first ''Toryii'' and later the much improved ''Korshun'', was fitted in a radome in the upper lip of the air intake.<ref name="Gunston Rus p192"/><ref name="Bely p157"/> The first prototype, designated R-1, was powered by two {{convert|22.25|kN|lbf|lk=on|abbr=on}} thrust [[Klimov RD-45]]Fs, unlicensed copies of the British [[Rolls-Royce Nene]] engine, and was armed with two [[Nudelman N-37]] cannon, positioned on either side of the air intake. It made its maiden flight on 16 April 1949.<ref name="Bely p159">Belyakov and Marmain 1994, p. 159.</ref> A second prototype, R-2, which differed in having more powerful ({{convert|26.25|kN|lbf|abbr=on}}) [[Klimov VK-1]] engines, a third N-37 cannon and an improved windscreen and canopy followed in November 1949.<ref name="Gunston Rus p192"/> The R-2 was badly damaged when a cannon shell exploded, and the aircraft was rebuilt, with the wings modified, adding a third fence, flying again as the R-03 on 30 March 1950.<ref name="Bely p161,3">Belyakov and Marmain 1994, pp. 161, 163.</ref> No production followed, as the specification to which the I-320 was built was superseded by a later requirement that led to the production of the [[Yakovlev Yak-25]]. The two prototypes continued in use by the MiG design bureau as testbeds for the development of avionics.<ref name="complete p392"/><ref name="Gunston Rus p192"/> ==Specifications (I-320 (R-2/3))== {{Aircraft specs |ref=MiG: Fifty Years of Secret Aircraft Design<ref name="Bely p163-4">Belyakov and Marmain 1994, pp. 163–164.</ref> |prime units?=met  |crew=2 |length m=15.775 |length note= |span m=14.2 |span note= |upper span m= |upper span note= |mid span m= |mid span note= |lower span m= |lower span note= |swept m= |swept note= |dia m= |dia note= |width m= |width note= |height m= |height note= |wing area sqm=41.2 |wing area note= |aspect ratio= |airfoil= |empty weight kg=7460 |empty weight note=<ref name="Gunston Rus p192"/> |gross weight kg=10725 |gross weight note= |max takeoff weight kg=12095 |max takeoff weight note= |fuel capacity= |more general=  |eng1 number=2 |eng1 name=[[Klimov VK-1]] |eng1 type=centrifugal flow [[turbojet]] engines |eng1 kn=26.45 |eng1 note=  |max speed kmh=1090 |max speed note=at sea level |max speed mach=0.88 |cruise speed kmh= |cruise speed note= |stall speed kmh= |stall speed note= |never exceed speed kmh= |never exceed speed note= |minimum control speed kmh= |minimum control speed note= |range km=1205 |range note= |combat range km= |combat range note= |ferry range km= |ferry range note= |endurance= |ceiling m=15500 |ceiling note= |g limits= |roll rate= |climb rate ms= |climb rate note= |time to altitude= |wing loading kg/m2= |wing loading note= |fuel consumption kg/km= |power/mass= |thrust/weight= |more performance=  |guns= 3 × 37 mm [[Nudelman N-37]] [[autocannon]] |avionics= }} ==Notes== {{reflist}} == Bibliography == {{refbegin}} * Belyakov, R.A. and J. Marmain. ''MiG: Fifty Years of Secret Aircraft Design''. Shrewsbury, UK: Airlife, 1994. {{ISBN|1-85310-488-4}}. * Green, William and Gordon Swanborough. ''The Complete Book of Fighters''. New York: Smithmark, 1994. {{ISBN|0-8317-3939-8}}. * [[Bill Gunston|Gunston, Bill]]. ''The Osprey Encyclopedia of Russian Aircraft 1875–1995''. London, Osprey, 1995. {{ISBN|1-85532-405-9}}. * "Plane Facts: The first all-weather MiG". ''[[Air International|Air Enthusiast]]'', March 1973, Vol 4 No 3. p.&nbsp;40. {{refend}}  {{Mikoyan aircraft}} {{USAF/DoD reporting names}} [[Category:Mikoyan aircraft|I-320]] [[Category:1940s Soviet fighter aircraft]] [[Category:Abandoned military aircraft projects of the Soviet Union]] [[Category:Twinjets]] [[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1949]] [[Category:Aircraft with retractable tricycle landing gear]] {{commons category|Mikoyan-Gurevich I-320}} </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"><div class="mw-templatesUsedExplanation"><p><span id="templatesused">Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page<span class="posteditwindowhelplinks"> (<a href="/wiki/Help:Transclusion" title="Help:Transclusion">help</a>)</span>:</span> </p></div><ul> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Aircraft_specs" title="Template:Aircraft specs">Template:Aircraft specs</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Aircraft_specs&action=edit" title="Template:Aircraft specs">view source</a>) (template editor 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