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class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 History </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle History subsection </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Predecessors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Predecessors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Predecessors </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Predecessors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1984–1991:_Origins" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1984–1991:_Origins"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 1984–1991: Origins </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1984–1991:_Origins-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1991–1994:_Reinvention" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1991–1994:_Reinvention"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 1991–1994: Reinvention </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1991–1994:_Reinvention-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1994–1997:_Underground_popularity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1994–1997:_Underground_popularity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 1994–1997: Underground popularity </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1994–1997:_Underground_popularity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1997–2002:_Independent_success" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1997–2002:_Independent_success"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 1997–2002: Independent success </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1997–2002:_Independent_success-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2002–2010:_Mainstream_success" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2002–2010:_Mainstream_success"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 2002–2010: Mainstream success </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2002–2010:_Mainstream_success-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2010–present:_Decline_and_emo_revival" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2010–present:_Decline_and_emo_revival"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7 2010–present: Decline and emo revival </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2010–present:_Decline_and_emo_revival-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subgenres_and_fusion_genres" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subgenres_and_fusion_genres"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Subgenres and fusion genres </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Subgenres_and_fusion_genres-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Subgenres and fusion genres subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Subgenres_and_fusion_genres-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Subgenres" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subgenres"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Subgenres </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subgenres-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Screamo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Screamo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.1 Screamo </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Screamo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sass" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sass"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1.1.1 Sass </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sass-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fusion_genres" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fusion_genres"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Fusion genres </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fusion_genres-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Emo_pop" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Emo_pop"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.1 Emo pop </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Emo_pop-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Emo_rap" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Emo_rap"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.2 Emo rap </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Emo_rap-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subculture_and_stereotypes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subculture_and_stereotypes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Subculture and stereotypes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subculture_and_stereotypes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversy_and_impact" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversy_and_impact"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Controversy and impact </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Controversy_and_impact-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 References </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle References subsection </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Citations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Bibliography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Emo</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 58 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-58" aria-hidden="true" > 58 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo" title="Emo – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Emo" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%88_(%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B9_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A)" title="إيمو (نوع موسيقي) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إيمو (نوع موسيقي)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo" title="Emo – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Emo" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo" title="Emo – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Emo" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%B0_(%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8C)" title="Эма (музычны стыль) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Эма (музычны стыль)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Эма – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Эма" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%BE" title="Емо – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Емо" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emocore" title="Emocore – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Emocore" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo_(hudba)" title="Emo (hudba) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Emo (hudba)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo" title="Emo – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Emo" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo" title="Emo – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Emo" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo" title="Emo – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Emo" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo" title="Emo – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Emo" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo" title="Emo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Emo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emoo_(muziko)" title="Emoo (muziko) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Emoo (muziko)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo" title="Emo – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Emo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%88" title="ایمو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ایمو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo" title="Emo – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Emo" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo" title="Emo – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Emo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%AA%A8_(%EC%9D%8C%EC%95%85)" title="이모 (음악) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이모 (음악)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B7%D5%B4%D5%B8" title="Էմո – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Էմո" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo" title="Emo – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Emo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo" title="Emo – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Emo" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo" title="Emo – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Emo" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tilfinningarokk" title="Tilfinningarokk – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Tilfinningarokk" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo_(genere_musicale)" title="Emo (genere musicale) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Emo (genere musicale)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%95" title="אימו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אימו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D" title="ემო – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ემო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo_(m%C5%ABzikas_%C5%BEanrs)" title="Emo (mūzikas žanrs) – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Emo (mūzikas žanrs)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emocore_(Musek)" title="Emocore (Musek) – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Emocore (Musek)" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo" title="Emo – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Emo" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo_(zene)" title="Emo (zene) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Emo (zene)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo" title="Emo – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Emo" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AE%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF" title="အီမို – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အီမို" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emocore" title="Emocore – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Emocore" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B_(%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4)" title="एमो (संगीत) – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="एमो (संगीत)" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%83%A2" title="エモ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エモ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo" title="Emo – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Emo" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo" title="Emo – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Emo" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo" title="Emo – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Emo" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo_(muzyka)" title="Emo (muzyka) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Emo (muzyka)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo" title="Emo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Emo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo" title="Emo – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Emo" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%BE_(%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C)" title="Эмо (музыкальный стиль) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эмо (музыкальный стиль)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo" title="Emo – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Emo" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo" title="Emo – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Emo" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo" title="Emo – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Emo" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%BE" title="Емо – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Емо" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emo_(musiikki)" title="Emo (musiikki) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Emo (musiikki)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-pp-default" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#semi" title="This article is semi-protected."><img alt="Page semi-protected" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/20px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Music genre derivative of punk rock music</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the style of music. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Emo_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Emo (disambiguation)">Emo (disambiguation)</a>. For the subculture, see <a href="/wiki/Emo_subculture" title="Emo subculture">Emo subculture</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Emo</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data hlist"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Emotional hardcore</li><li>emocore</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Stylistic origins</th><td class="infobox-data hlist"> <dl><dt>Original</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Post-hardcore" title="Post-hardcore">Post-hardcore</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Hardcore_punk" title="Hardcore punk">hardcore punk</a></li></ul></div> <dl><dt>Subsequent</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_rock" title="Alternative rock">Alternative rock</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Indie_rock" title="Indie rock">indie rock</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Pop-punk" title="Pop-punk">pop-punk</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cultural origins</th><td class="infobox-data hlist"> <dl><dt>Original</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Mid-1980s</li><li><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></li></ul></div> <dl><dt>Subsequent</dt></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Early- to mid-1990s</li><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Western_United_States" title="Western United States">Western United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwestern United States</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Subgenres</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Screamo" title="Screamo">Screamo</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Fusion genres</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emo_pop" title="Emo pop">Emo pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emo_rap" title="Emo rap">emo rap</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Regional scenes</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Washington,_D.C.#Emo" title="Music of Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwest_emo" title="Midwest emo">Midwestern U.S.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_New_Jersey#Punk_and_alternative" title="Music of New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Other topics</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data hlist"><a href="/wiki/Scene_(subculture)" title="Scene (subculture)">Scene</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Emo (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈiːmoʊ/</a>) is a <a href="/wiki/Music_genre" title="Music genre">music genre</a> characterized by emotional, often confessional lyrics. It emerged as a style of <a href="/wiki/Hardcore_punk" title="Hardcore punk">hardcore punk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Post-hardcore" title="Post-hardcore">post-hardcore</a> from the mid-1980s <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C._hardcore" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington, D.C. hardcore">Washington, D.C. hardcore</a> scene, where it was known as emotional hardcore or emocore. The bands <a href="/wiki/Rites_of_Spring" title="Rites of Spring">Rites of Spring</a> and <a href="/wiki/Embrace_(American_band)" title="Embrace (American band)">Embrace</a>, among others, pioneered the genre. In the early-to-mid 1990s, emo was adopted and reinvented by <a href="/wiki/Alternative_rock" title="Alternative rock">alternative rock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indie_rock" title="Indie rock">indie rock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Punk_rock" title="Punk rock">punk rock</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pop-punk" title="Pop-punk">pop-punk</a> bands, including <a href="/wiki/Sunny_Day_Real_Estate" title="Sunny Day Real Estate">Sunny Day Real Estate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jawbreaker_(band)" title="Jawbreaker (band)">Jawbreaker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cap%27n_Jazz" title="Cap'n Jazz">Cap'n Jazz</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Eat_World" title="Jimmy Eat World">Jimmy Eat World</a>. By the mid-1990s, <a href="/wiki/Braid_(band)" title="Braid (band)">Braid</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Promise_Ring" title="The Promise Ring">the Promise Ring</a>, and <a href="/wiki/The_Get_Up_Kids" title="The Get Up Kids">the Get Up Kids</a> emerged from <a href="/wiki/Midwest_emo" title="Midwest emo">Midwest emo</a>, and several <a href="/wiki/Independent_record_label" title="Independent record label">independent record labels</a> began to specialize in the genre. Meanwhile, <a href="/wiki/Screamo" title="Screamo">screamo</a>, a more aggressive style of emo using <a href="/wiki/Screamed_vocals" class="mw-redirect" title="Screamed vocals">screamed vocals</a>, also emerged, pioneered by the <a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a> bands <a href="/wiki/Heroin_(band)" title="Heroin (band)">Heroin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Antioch_Arrow" title="Antioch Arrow">Antioch Arrow</a>. Screamo achieved mainstream success in the 2000s with bands like <a href="/wiki/Hawthorne_Heights" title="Hawthorne Heights">Hawthorne Heights</a>, <a href="/wiki/Silverstein_(band)" title="Silverstein (band)">Silverstein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Story_of_the_Year" title="Story of the Year">Story of the Year</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thursday_(band)" title="Thursday (band)">Thursday</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Used" title="The Used">the Used</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Underoath" title="Underoath">Underoath</a>. Often seen as a subculture, emo also signifies a specific relationship between fans and artists and certain aspects of fashion, culture, and behavior. Emo fashion includes <a href="/wiki/Slim-fit_pants" title="Slim-fit pants">skinny jeans</a>, black <a href="/wiki/Eye_liner" title="Eye liner">eyeliner</a>, tight t-shirts with band names, studded belts, and flat, straight, jet-black hair with long <a href="/wiki/Bangs_(hair)" title="Bangs (hair)">bangs</a>. Since the early-to-mid 2000s, fans of emo music who dress like this are referred to as "emo kids" or "emos". The emo subculture was stereotypically associated with <a href="/wiki/Social_alienation" title="Social alienation">social alienation</a>, sensitivity, <a href="/wiki/Misanthropy" title="Misanthropy">misanthropy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Extraversion_and_introversion" title="Extraversion and introversion">introversion</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Angst" title="Angst">angst</a>. Purported links to <a href="/wiki/Depression_(mood)" title="Depression (mood)">depression</a>, <a href="/wiki/Self-harm" title="Self-harm">self-harm</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Suicide" title="Suicide">suicide</a>, combined with its rise in popularity in the early 2000s, inspired a <a href="/wiki/Backlash_(sociology)" title="Backlash (sociology)">backlash</a> against emo, with some bands, including <a href="/wiki/My_Chemical_Romance" title="My Chemical Romance">My Chemical Romance</a> and <a href="/wiki/Panic!_at_the_Disco" title="Panic! at the Disco">Panic! at the Disco</a>, rejecting the emo label because of the social stigma and controversy surrounding it. Emo and its subgenre <a href="/wiki/Emo_pop" title="Emo pop">emo pop</a> entered mainstream culture in the early 2000s with the success of Jimmy Eat World and <a href="/wiki/Dashboard_Confessional" title="Dashboard Confessional">Dashboard Confessional</a>, and many artists signed <a href="/wiki/Contract" title="Contract">contracts</a> with <a href="/wiki/Major_record_labels" class="mw-redirect" title="Major record labels">major record labels</a>. Bands such as My Chemical Romance, <a href="/wiki/AFI_(band)" title="AFI (band)">AFI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fall_Out_Boy" title="Fall Out Boy">Fall Out Boy</a>, and <a href="/wiki/The_Red_Jumpsuit_Apparatus" title="The Red Jumpsuit Apparatus">The Red Jumpsuit Apparatus</a> continued the genre's popularity during the rest of the decade. By the early 2010s, emo's popularity had declined, with some emo bands changing their sound and others disbanding. Meanwhile, however, a mainly underground <a href="/wiki/Emo_revival" title="Emo revival">emo revival</a> emerged, with bands such as <a href="/wiki/The_World_Is_a_Beautiful_Place_%26_I_Am_No_Longer_Afraid_to_Die" title="The World Is a Beautiful Place & I Am No Longer Afraid to Die">the World Is a Beautiful Place & I Am No Longer Afraid to Die</a> and <a href="/wiki/Modern_Baseball_(band)" class="mw-redirect" title="Modern Baseball (band)">Modern Baseball</a>, some drawing on the sound and aesthetic of 1990s emo. During the late 2010s, a fusion genre called <a href="/wiki/Emo_rap" title="Emo rap">emo rap</a> became mainstream; its most famous artists included <a href="/wiki/Lil_Peep" title="Lil Peep">Lil Peep</a>, <a href="/wiki/XXXTentacion" title="XXXTentacion">XXXTentacion</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Juice_Wrld" title="Juice Wrld">Juice Wrld</a>. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Characteristics">Characteristics</h2></div> Emo originated in <a href="/wiki/Hardcore_punk" title="Hardcore punk">hardcore punk</a><a href="#cite_note-EmoAM-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBryant2014134-2">[2]</a> and is considered a form of <a href="/wiki/Post-hardcore" title="Post-hardcore">post-hardcore</a>.<a href="#cite_note-postHC-3">[3]</a> Early emo bands used melody and emotional or introspective lyrics and that were less structured than regular hardcore punk, making early emo bands different from the aggression, anger, and verse-chorus-verse structures of traditional hardcore punk.<a href="#cite_note-SubgenresofPunk-4">[4]</a> According to Chris Payne, author of Where Are Your Boys Tonight?: The Oral History of Emo's Mainstream Explosion, emo is "often more melodic, more vulnerable [than traditional hardcore] — and often really over the top. [There are also] really performative aspects in emo."<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> Sandra Song of <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a> states, describes emo as a "softer approach to hardcore punk, with warbly vocals and evocative lyrics that have other bands derisively calling it the sound of 'teen angst.'"<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> Despite being rooted in hardcore punk, emo has also been associated with other related genres, such as <a href="/wiki/Alternative_rock" title="Alternative rock">alternative rock</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHansen2009-7">[7]</a> <a href="/wiki/Indie_rock" title="Indie rock">indie rock</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShuker2017-8">[8]</a> <a href="/wiki/Punk_rock" title="Punk rock">punk rock</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Archived_copy-9">[9]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pop_punk" class="mw-redirect" title="Pop punk">pop punk</a>.<a href="#cite_note-WholeNewEmo-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> described emo as "emotional <a href="/wiki/Punk_rock" title="Punk rock">punk</a> or post-hardcore or pop-punk. That is, punk that wears its heart on its sleeve and tries a little tenderness to leaven its sonic attack. If it helps, imagine <a href="/wiki/Ricky_Nelson" title="Ricky Nelson">Ricky Nelson</a> singing in the <a href="/wiki/Sex_Pistols" title="Sex Pistols">Sex Pistols</a>."<a href="#cite_note-findingemo-12">[12]</a> Author Matt Diehl called emo a "more sensitive interpolation of punk's mission".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDiehl201382-13">[13]</a> Emo uses the guitar dynamics that use both the softness and loudness of punk rock music.<a href="#cite_note-AngstSales-14">[14]</a> According to AllMusic, most 1990s emo bands "borrowed from some combination of <a href="/wiki/Fugazi" title="Fugazi">Fugazi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sunny_Day_Real_Estate" title="Sunny Day Real Estate">Sunny Day Real Estate</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Weezer" title="Weezer">Weezer</a>".<a href="#cite_note-EmoAM-1">[1]</a> Some emo leans uses characteristics of <a href="/wiki/Progressive_music" title="Progressive music">progressive music</a> with the genre's use of complex guitar work, unorthodox song structures, and extreme dynamic shifts.<a href="#cite_note-EmoAM-1">[1]</a> Lyrics, a focus in emo music, are typically personal and confessional,<a href="#cite_note-AngstSales-14">[14]</a> or according to <a href="/wiki/Merriam-Webster" title="Merriam-Webster">Merriam-Webster</a>, "introspective and emotionally fraught."<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> Themes usually deal with topics such as failed romance,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDiehl201382-13">[13]</a> self-loathing, pain, insecurity, suicidal thoughts, love, and relationships.<a href="#cite_note-AngstSales-14">[14]</a> <a href="/wiki/AllMusic" title="AllMusic">AllMusic</a> described emo lyrics as "usually either free-associative poetry or intimate confessionals".<a href="#cite_note-EmoAM-1">[1]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatleft" style="width:32%; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> Emo means different things to different people. Actually, that's a massive understatement. Emo seems to solely mean different things to different people − like pig latin or books by Thomas Pynchon, confusion is one of its hallmark traits. [...] The word has survived and flourished in three decades, two milleniums, and two Bush administrations. [...] It's older than most of its fans. It's been a source of pride, a target of derision, a mark of confusion, and a sign of the times. It's been the next big thing twice, [and] the current big thing once. And yet, not only can no one agree on what it means, [but] there is not now, nor has there ever been, a single major band that admits to being emo. Not one. </blockquote> <div style="padding-bottom: 0; padding-top: 0.5em"><cite class="left-aligned" style="">Music critic <a href="/wiki/Andy_Greenwald" title="Andy Greenwald">Andy Greenwald</a> in the book Nothing Feels Good: Punk Rock, Teenagers, and Emo. (published November 15, 2003). St. Martins Griffin. pp. 1-2.</cite></div> </div> The term "emo" has been the subject of debate and disagreement amongst artists, critics, and fans alike. Some find the label to be loosely defined<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> with the term at times being used to describe any music that expresses emotion.<a href="#cite_note-:3-17">[17]</a> The mainstream success of emo and its related subculture caused the term to be conflated with other genres.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> Additionally, fans of traditional emo music have expressed distaste for the genre's expanding definition, and what they perceive as "commercialization" of the genre.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> Chris Payne, author of Where Are Your Boys Tonight?: The Oral History of Emo's Mainstream Explosion, assessed: "Emo has a lot of different definitions for different people. For me, it can be like the old DIY stuff, like Cap'n Jazz [and] American Football, and then also the more popular stuff like … My Chemical Romance, Paramore and even the emo-rap stuff like Lil Peep."<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> Many bands labeled as emo rejected the emo label.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> In Chris Payne's book Where Are Your Boys Tonight? (2023), <a href="/wiki/Bayside_(band)" title="Bayside (band)">Bayside</a> vocalist <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Raneri" title="Anthony Raneri">Anthony Raneri</a> stated that he believed emo became "a dirty word" around the time of its mainstream success in the 2000s. He explains this derogatory use of the word derived from <a href="/wiki/Hipster_(contemporary_subculture)" title="Hipster (contemporary subculture)">hipsters</a> adopting the term to demean rock artists they saw as being "not as cool as" the popular indie rock groups of the time, namely <a href="/wiki/The_Strokes" title="The Strokes">the Strokes</a>.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> My Chemical Romance singer <a href="/wiki/Gerard_Way" title="Gerard Way">Gerard Way</a> said in 2007 that emo is "a pile of shit [...] I think there are bands that we get lumped in with that are considered emo and, by default, that starts to make us emo. All I can say is that anyone actually listening to the records, putting the records next to each other and listening to them, [would know there are] actually no similarities."<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> <a href="/wiki/Brendon_Urie" title="Brendon Urie">Brendon Urie</a> of Panic! at the Disco said : "It's ignorant! The stereotype is guys that are weak and have failing relationships write about how sad they are. If you listen to our songs, not one of them has that tone."<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> <a href="/wiki/Adam_Lazzara" title="Adam Lazzara">Adam Lazzara</a> of Taking Back Sunday said he always considered his band <a href="/wiki/Rock_and_roll" title="Rock and roll">rock and roll</a> instead of emo.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> Guitarist of <a href="/wiki/The_Get_Up_Kids" title="The Get Up Kids">the Get Up Kids</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jim_Suptic" title="Jim Suptic">Jim Suptic</a>, noted the differences between the 2000s mainstream acts when compared to the emo bands of the 1990s, saying, “The punk scene we came out of and the punk scene now are completely different. It's like <a href="/wiki/Glam_rock" title="Glam rock">glam rock</a> now. We played <a href="/wiki/The_Bamboozle" title="The Bamboozle">the Bamboozle fests</a> this year and we felt really out of place... If this is the world we helped create, then I apologise.”<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> Vocalist of AFI, <a href="/wiki/Davey_Havok" title="Davey Havok">Davey Havok</a>, described emo as “such a strange and meaningless word.”<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> Early emo musicians also have rejected the label. Guy Picciotto, the vocalist of Rites of Spring, said he considers the emo label "retarded" and always considered Rites of Spring a punk rock band: "The reason I think it's so stupid is that - what, like the <a href="/wiki/Bad_Brains" title="Bad Brains">Bad Brains</a> weren't emotional? What - they were robots or something? It just doesn't make any sense to me."<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> Sunny Day Real Estate's members said they consider themselves simply a rock band, and said that back in the early days, the word "emocore" was an insult: "While I don't disrespect anyone for using the term emo-core, or rock, or anything, but back in the day, emo-core was just about the worst dis that you could throw on a band."<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> The term “mall emo” has been used to separate mainstream bands like <a href="/wiki/Paramore" title="Paramore">Paramore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hawthorne_Heights" title="Hawthorne Heights">Hawthorne Heights</a>, My Chemical Romance, Panic! at the Disco, and Fall Out Boy from the less commercially viable bands that proceeded and <a href="/wiki/Emo_revival" title="Emo revival">succeeded them</a>.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> The term "mall emo" dates back to around 2002, when many emo fans did not like the change emo was going through at the time when the genre became mainstream.<a href="#cite_note-NewsTwentyFour-33">[33]</a> Tom Mullen, editor of the Anthology of Emo book, created the website Washed Up Emo in 2007 in response to the mainstream perceptions of the genre, intending to impart information about the genre's history.<a href="#cite_note-The_Ringer_-_IsThisBandEmo-34">[34]</a> He later created the website <a href="/wiki/Is_This_Band_Emo%3F" title="Is This Band Emo?">Is This Band Emo?</a> in 2014, which explains whether various bands are classified under the genre alongside humorous responses.<a href="#cite_note-The_Ringer_2_-_IsThisBandEmo-35">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-Consequence_-_IsThisBandEmo-36">[36]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Minor-threat-malcolm-riviera.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Minor-threat-malcolm-riviera.jpg/250px-Minor-threat-malcolm-riviera.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Minor-threat-malcolm-riviera.jpg/330px-Minor-threat-malcolm-riviera.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Minor-threat-malcolm-riviera.jpg/500px-Minor-threat-malcolm-riviera.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="763" /></a><figcaption>Hardcore punk band Minor Threat in 1981</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Predecessors">Predecessors</h3></div> <a href="/wiki/Pet_Sounds" title="Pet Sounds">Pet Sounds</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Beach_Boys" title="The Beach Boys">the Beach Boys</a>' 1966 album, is sometimes considered the first emo album. According to music writer Luke Britton, such assertions are perhaps stated "wryly", and wrote that "it's generally accepted that the genre's pioneers" came later in the 1980s.<a href="#cite_note-:1-37">[37]</a> During the decade, many <a href="/wiki/Hardcore_punk" title="Hardcore punk">hardcore punk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Post-hardcore" title="Post-hardcore">post-hardcore</a> bands formed in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C._hardcore" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington, D.C. hardcore">Washington, D.C.</a> Post-hardcore, an experimental offshoot of hardcore punk, was inspired by <a href="/wiki/Post-punk" title="Post-punk">post-punk</a>.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> Hardcore punk bands and post-hardcore bands who influenced early emo bands include <a href="/wiki/Minor_Threat" title="Minor Threat">Minor Threat</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200312-39">[39]</a> <a href="/wiki/Black_Flag_(band)" title="Black Flag (band)">Black Flag</a> and <a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCsker_D%C3%BC" title="Hüsker Dü">Hüsker Dü</a>.<a href="#cite_note-rites-40">[40]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1984–1991:_Origins">1984–1991: Origins</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Revolution_Summer_(music)" title="Revolution Summer (music)">Revolution Summer (music)</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1224211176" /><div class="quotebox pullquote floatleft" style="width:20%; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> The one fact that no one seems to debate − or at least debate that loudly − is that emo emerged from hardcore. </blockquote> <div style="padding-bottom: 0; padding-top: 0.5em"><cite class="left-aligned" style="">Music critic <a href="/wiki/Andy_Greenwald" title="Andy Greenwald">Andy Greenwald</a>, in the book Nothing Feels Good: Punk Rock, Teenagers, and Emo (2003) <a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a></cite></div> </div> Emo, which began as a post-hardcore subgenre,<a href="#cite_note-postHC-3">[3]</a> was part of the 1980s hardcore punk<a href="#cite_note-EmoAM-1">[1]</a> scene in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> as something different from the violent part of the <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C._hardcore" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington, D.C. hardcore">Washington, D.C. hardcore</a> scene.<a href="#cite_note-SubgenresofPunk-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald20039–11-42">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlush2001157-43">[43]</a> Minor Threat fan <a href="/wiki/Guy_Picciotto" title="Guy Picciotto">Guy Picciotto</a> formed <a href="/wiki/Rites_of_Spring" title="Rites of Spring">Rites of Spring</a> in 1984, using the musical style of hardcore punk and combining the musical style with melodic guitars, varied rhythms, and personal, emotional lyrics.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200312-39">[39]</a> Many of the band's themes, including nostalgia, romantic bitterness and poetic desperation, became familiar <a href="/wiki/Trope_(music)" title="Trope (music)">tropes</a> of later emo music.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200312–13-44">[44]</a> Its performances were public, emotional purges where audience members sometimes wept.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200313-45">[45]</a> Ian MacKaye of Minor Threat became a Rites of Spring fan (recording their only album and being their <a href="/wiki/Road_crew" title="Road crew">roadie</a>) and formed the emo band <a href="/wiki/Embrace_(American_band)" title="Embrace (American band)">Embrace</a>, which explored similar themes of self-searching and emotional release.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200314-46">[46]</a> Similar bands followed in connection with the "<a href="/wiki/Revolution_Summer_(music)" title="Revolution Summer (music)">Revolution Summer</a>” of 1985, an attempt by members of the Washington scene to break from the usual characteristics of hardcore punk to a hardcore punk style with different characteristics.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlush2001157-43">[43]</a> Bands such as <a href="/wiki/Gray_Matter_(band)" title="Gray Matter (band)">Gray Matter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beefeater_(band)" title="Beefeater (band)">Beefeater</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fire_Party" title="Fire Party">Fire Party</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dag_Nasty" title="Dag Nasty">Dag Nasty</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Soulside" title="Soulside">Soulside</a> were associated with the movement.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200314-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBlush2001157-43">[43]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/60px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/120px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Rites_of_Spring_-_Remainder.ogg" title="File:Rites of Spring - Remainder.ogg">"Remainder" by Rites of Spring (1985)</a></div> <div><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="15" data-mwtitle="Rites_of_Spring_-_Remainder.ogg" data-mwprovider="local"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/transcoded/7/7e/Rites_of_Spring_-_Remainder.ogg/Rites_of_Spring_-_Remainder.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/7/7e/Rites_of_Spring_-_Remainder.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></div> <div class="description">The melodic guitars, varied rhythms and personal lyrics of <a href="/wiki/Rites_of_Spring" title="Rites of Spring">Rites of Spring</a> changed the hardcore punk scene and helped launch the "emotional hardcore" or "emocore" style in the 1980s.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald20039–11-42">[42]</a></div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr />Problems playing this file? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</div> </div> Although the origins of the word "emo" are uncertain, evidence shows that the word "emo" was coined in the mid-1980s, specifically 1985. According to <a href="/wiki/Andy_Greenwald" title="Andy Greenwald">Andy Greenwald</a>, author of <a href="/wiki/Nothing_Feels_Good:_Punk_Rock,_Teenagers,_and_Emo" title="Nothing Feels Good: Punk Rock, Teenagers, and Emo">Nothing Feels Good: Punk Rock, Teenagers, and Emo</a>, "The origins of the term 'emo' are shrouded in mystery ... but it first came into common practice in 1985. If Minor Threat was hardcore, then Rites of Spring, with its altered focus, was emotional hardcore or emocore."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200314-46">[46]</a> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Azerrad" title="Michael Azerrad">Michael Azerrad</a>, author of <a href="/wiki/Our_Band_Could_Be_Your_Life" title="Our Band Could Be Your Life">Our Band Could Be Your Life</a>, also traces the word's origins to the mid-1980s: "The style was soon dubbed 'emo-core,' a term everyone involved bitterly detested".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAzerrad2001380-47">[47]</a> MacKaye traces it to 1985, attributing it to an article in <a href="/wiki/Thrasher_(magazine)" title="Thrasher (magazine)">Thrasher</a> magazine referring to Embrace and other Washington, D.C. bands as "emo-core" (which he called "the stupidest fucking thing I've ever heard in my entire life").<a href="#cite_note-khanna-48">[48]</a> Other accounts attribute the word to an audience member at an Embrace show, who shouted as an insult that the band was "emocore".<a href="#cite_note-DePasquale-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-Popkin-50">[50]</a> Others have said that MacKaye coined the word when he used it self-mockingly in a magazine, or that it originated with Rites of Spring.<a href="#cite_note-Popkin-50">[50]</a> The "emocore" label quickly spread through the DC punk scene, and was associated with many bands associated with <a href="/wiki/Ian_MacKaye" title="Ian MacKaye">Ian MacKaye</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Dischord_Records" title="Dischord Records">Dischord Records</a>.<a href="#cite_note-DePasquale-49">[49]</a> Although many of the bands rejected the term, it stayed. <a href="/wiki/Jenny_Toomey" title="Jenny Toomey">Jenny Toomey</a> recalled, "The only people who used it at first were the ones that were jealous over how big and fanatical a scene it was. [Rites of Spring] existed well before the term did and they hated it. But there was this weird moment, like when people started calling music '<a href="/wiki/Grunge" title="Grunge">grunge</a>,' where you were using the term even though you hated it."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200314–15-51">[51]</a> The Washington, D.C. emo scene lasted only a few years, and by 1986, most of emo's major bands (including Rites of Spring, Embrace, Gray Matter and Beefeater) had broken up.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200315-52">[52]</a> However, its ideas and aesthetics spread quickly across the country through a network of homemade <a href="/wiki/Zine" title="Zine">zines</a>, vinyl records and hearsay.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200315–17-53">[53]</a> According to Greenwald, the Washington, D.C. scene laid the groundwork for emo's subsequent incarnations: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">What had happened in D.C. in the mid-eighties—the shift from anger to action, from extroverted rage to internal turmoil, from an individualized mass to a mass of individuals—was in many ways a test case for the transformation of the national punk scene over the next two decades. The imagery, the power of the music, the way people responded to it, and the way the bands burned out instead of fading away—all have their origins in those first few performances by Rites of Spring. The roots of emo were laid, however unintentionally, by fifty or so people in the nation's capital. And in some ways, it was never as good and surely never as pure again. Certainly, the Washington scene was the only time "emocore" had any consensus definition as a genre.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200315–16-54">[54]</a></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1991–1994:_Reinvention">1991–1994: Reinvention</h3></div> As the Washington, D.C. emo movement spread across the United States, local bands began to emulate its style.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200318-55">[55]</a> Emo combined the fatalism, theatricality and isolation of <a href="/wiki/The_Smiths" title="The Smiths">The Smiths</a> with hardcore punk's uncompromising, dramatic worldview.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200318-55">[55]</a> Despite the number of bands and the variety of locales, emocore's late-1980s aesthetics remained more-or-less the same: "over-the-top lyrics about feelings wedded to dramatic but decidedly punk music."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200318-55">[55]</a> During the early–mid 1990s, several new bands reinvented emo,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200319-56">[56]</a> making emo expand by becoming a subgenre of genres like indie rock and pop punk.<a href="#cite_note-EmoAM-1">[1]</a> Chief among them were <a href="/wiki/Jawbreaker_(band)" title="Jawbreaker (band)">Jawbreaker</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sunny_Day_Real_Estate" title="Sunny Day Real Estate">Sunny Day Real Estate</a>, who inspired cult followings, redefined emo and brought it a step closer to the mainstream.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200319-56">[56]</a> In the wake of the 1991 success of <a href="/wiki/Nirvana_(band)" title="Nirvana (band)">Nirvana</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Nevermind" title="Nevermind">Nevermind</a>, underground music and subcultures were widely noticed in the United States. New distribution networks emerged, touring routes were codified, and regional and independent acts accessed the national stage.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200319-56">[56]</a> Young people across the country became fans of independent music, and punk culture became mainstream.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200319-56">[56]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1096940132" /><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/60px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/120px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Jawbreaker_-_Kiss_the_Bottle.ogg" title="File:Jawbreaker - Kiss the Bottle.ogg">"Kiss the Bottle" by Jawbreaker (1992)</a></div> <div><audio id="mwe_player_1" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="28" data-mwtitle="Jawbreaker_-_Kiss_the_Bottle.ogg" data-mwprovider="local"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/transcoded/0/01/Jawbreaker_-_Kiss_the_Bottle.ogg/Jawbreaker_-_Kiss_the_Bottle.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/0/01/Jawbreaker_-_Kiss_the_Bottle.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AJawbreaker_-_Kiss_the_Bottle.ogg&lang=en&trackformat=vtt" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></div> <div class="description">"Kiss the Bottle" is considered one of Jawbreaker's definitive and most-appreciated songs.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a></div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr />Problems playing this file? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</div> </div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sunny_Day_Real_Estate_2010.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Sunny Day Real Estate performing onstage" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Sunny_Day_Real_Estate_2010.jpg/250px-Sunny_Day_Real_Estate_2010.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Sunny_Day_Real_Estate_2010.jpg/330px-Sunny_Day_Real_Estate_2010.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Sunny_Day_Real_Estate_2010.jpg/500px-Sunny_Day_Real_Estate_2010.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sunny_Day_Real_Estate" title="Sunny Day Real Estate">Sunny Day Real Estate</a> performing in 2010</figcaption></figure> Emerging from the late 1980s and early 1990s <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a> punk rock scene and forming in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, Jawbreaker combined pop punk with emotional and personal lyrics.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200321-58">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200320-59">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> Singer-guitarist <a href="/wiki/Blake_Schwarzenbach" title="Blake Schwarzenbach">Blake Schwarzenbach</a> focused his lyrics on personal, immediate topics often taken from his journal.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200321-58">[58]</a> Often obscure and cloaked in <a href="/wiki/Metaphor" title="Metaphor">metaphors</a>, their relationship to Schwarzenbach's concerns gave his words a bitterness and frustration which made them universal and attractive to audiences.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200321–22-61">[61]</a> Schwarzenbach became emo's first idol, as listeners related to the singer even more than to his songs.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200321–22-61">[61]</a> Jawbreaker's 1994 album, <a href="/wiki/24_Hour_Revenge_Therapy" title="24 Hour Revenge Therapy">24 Hour Revenge Therapy</a>, was popular with fans and is a <a href="/wiki/Touchstone_(metaphor)" title="Touchstone (metaphor)">touchstone</a> of mid-1990s emo.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200324–25-62">[62]</a> Although Jawbreaker signed with <a href="/wiki/Geffen_Records" title="Geffen Records">Geffen Records</a> and toured with mainstream bands Nirvana and <a href="/wiki/Green_Day" title="Green Day">Green Day</a>, Jawbreaker's 1995 album <a href="/wiki/Dear_You" title="Dear You">Dear You</a> did not achieve mainstream success. Jawbreaker broke up soon afterwards, with Schwarzenbach forming emo band <a href="/wiki/Jets_to_Brazil" title="Jets to Brazil">Jets to Brazil</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200325–26-63">[63]</a> Sunny Day Real Estate formed in <a href="/wiki/Seattle" title="Seattle">Seattle</a> at the height of the early 1990s <a href="/wiki/Grunge" title="Grunge">grunge</a> boom.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200328-64">[64]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Music_video" title="Music video">music video</a> for "Seven", lead track of the band's debut album <a href="/wiki/Diary_(Sunny_Day_Real_Estate_album)" title="Diary (Sunny Day Real Estate album)">Diary</a> (1994), was played on <a href="/wiki/MTV" title="MTV">MTV</a>, giving the band more attention.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200329–31-65">[65]</a> Another band often considered to be emo which emerged at the same time was California's <a href="/wiki/Weezer" title="Weezer">Weezer</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Stranger-66">[66]</a> Nonetheless, it is debated whether Weezer is emo. For example, <a href="/wiki/Alternative_Press_(magazine)" title="Alternative Press (magazine)">Alternative Press</a> argues that the emo label has been misapplied to the band,<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> and author <a href="/wiki/Andy_Greenwald" title="Andy Greenwald">Andy Greenwald</a> also states that the band is not emo.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald2003-68">[68]</a> <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Eat_World" title="Jimmy Eat World">Jimmy Eat World</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a> emo band, also emerged at this time. Influenced by pop punk bands such as <a href="/wiki/The_Mr._T_Experience" title="The Mr. T Experience">the Mr. T Experience</a> and <a href="/wiki/Horace_Pinker" title="Horace Pinker">Horace Pinker</a>,<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> Jimmy Eat World released its <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Eat_World_(1994_album)" title="Jimmy Eat World (1994 album)">self-titled debut album</a> in 1994.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1994–1997:_Underground_popularity">1994–1997: Underground popularity</h3></div> The American <a href="/wiki/Punk_rock" title="Punk rock">punk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Indie_rock" title="Indie rock">indie rock</a> movements, which had been largely underground since the early 1980s, became part of mainstream culture during the mid-1990s. With <a href="/wiki/Nirvana_(band)" title="Nirvana (band)">Nirvana</a>'s success, major record labels capitalized on the popularity of <a href="/wiki/Alternative_rock" title="Alternative rock">alternative rock</a> and other underground music by signing and promoting independent bands.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200333-71">[71]</a> In 1994, the same year that Jawbreaker's 24 Hour Revenge Therapy and Sunny Day Real Estate's Diary were released, punk rock bands <a href="/wiki/Green_Day" title="Green Day">Green Day</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Offspring" title="The Offspring">the Offspring</a> broke into the mainstream with diamond album <a href="/wiki/Dookie_(album)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dookie (album)">Dookie</a><a href="#cite_note-United_StatesGreen_DayDookiealbumCertRef-72">[72]</a> and multi-platinum album <a href="/wiki/Smash_(The_Offspring_album)" title="Smash (The Offspring album)">Smash</a>,<a href="#cite_note-United_StatesOffspringSmashalbumCertRef-73">[73]</a> respectively. After underground music went mainstream, emo retreated and reformed as a national subculture over the next few years.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200333-71">[71]</a> Inspired by Jawbreaker, <a href="/wiki/Drive_Like_Jehu" title="Drive Like Jehu">Drive Like Jehu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fugazi" title="Fugazi">Fugazi</a>, 1990s emo abandoned the elements of <a href="/wiki/Hardcore_punk" title="Hardcore punk">hardcore punk</a> and used elements of indie rock, with <a href="/wiki/Punk_rock" title="Punk rock">punk rock</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Do_it_yourself" title="Do it yourself">do-it-yourself</a> work ethic but smoother songs and emotional vocals.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200334–35-74">[74]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Capn-jazz.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Cap'n Jazz onstage" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Capn-jazz.jpg/250px-Capn-jazz.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Capn-jazz.jpg/330px-Capn-jazz.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Capn-jazz.jpg/500px-Capn-jazz.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="642" /></a><figcaption>Cap'n Jazz live in 2010</figcaption></figure> Many 1990s emo bands, such as <a href="/wiki/Cap%27n_Jazz" title="Cap'n Jazz">Cap'n Jazz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Braid_(band)" title="Braid (band)">Braid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christie_Front_Drive" title="Christie Front Drive">Christie Front Drive</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mineral_(band)" title="Mineral (band)">Mineral</a>, Jimmy Eat World, <a href="/wiki/The_Get_Up_Kids" title="The Get Up Kids">the Get Up Kids</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Promise_Ring" title="The Promise Ring">the Promise Ring</a>, originated in the central U.S.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200334-75">[75]</a> Many of the bands had a distinct vocal style and guitar melodies, which was later called <a href="/wiki/Midwest_emo" title="Midwest emo">Midwest emo</a>.<a href="#cite_note-reader-1-76">[76]</a> According to Andy Greenwald, "this was the period when emo earned many, if not all, of the stereotypes that have lasted to this day: boy-driven, glasses-wearing, overly sensitive, overly brainy, chiming-guitar-driven college music."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200334–35-74">[74]</a> Emo band <a href="/wiki/Texas_Is_the_Reason" title="Texas Is the Reason">Texas Is the Reason</a> bridged the gap between <a href="/wiki/Indie_rock" title="Indie rock">indie rock</a> and emo in their three-year lifespan on the East Coast, melding Sunny Day Real Estate's melodies and punk musicianship and singing directly to the listener.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200338–39-77">[77]</a> In <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a>, the band <a href="/wiki/Lifetime_(band)" title="Lifetime (band)">Lifetime</a> played shows in fans' basements.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald2003121–122-78">[78]</a> Lifetime's 1995 album, <a href="/wiki/Hello_Bastards" title="Hello Bastards">Hello Bastards</a> on <a href="/wiki/Jade_Tree_Records" class="mw-redirect" title="Jade Tree Records">Jade Tree Records</a>, fused hardcore punk with emo and eschewed cynicism and irony in favor of love songs.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald2003121–122-78">[78]</a> The album sold tens of thousands of copies,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald2003122-79">[79]</a> and Lifetime paved the way for New Jersey and <a href="/wiki/Long_Island" title="Long Island">Long Island</a> emo bands <a href="/wiki/Brand_New_(band)" title="Brand New (band)">Brand New</a>, <a href="/wiki/Midtown_(band)" title="Midtown (band)">Midtown</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Rashbaum-80">[80]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Movielife" title="The Movielife">The Movielife</a>, <a href="/wiki/My_Chemical_Romance" title="My Chemical Romance">My Chemical Romance</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Rashbaum-80">[80]</a> <a href="/wiki/Saves_the_Day" title="Saves the Day">Saves the Day</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Rashbaum-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200380-81">[81]</a> <a href="/wiki/Senses_Fail" title="Senses Fail">Senses Fail</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Rashbaum-80">[80]</a> <a href="/wiki/Taking_Back_Sunday" title="Taking Back Sunday">Taking Back Sunday</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald2003122-79">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-Rashbaum-80">[80]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thursday_(band)" title="Thursday (band)">Thursday</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Rashbaum-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald2003152-82">[82]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Weezer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Four men together at the front of a stage" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Weezer.jpg/250px-Weezer.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Weezer.jpg/330px-Weezer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Weezer.jpg/500px-Weezer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>The band Weezer (pictured) released the album Pinkerton, an album that was originally a critical and commercial failure. Nonetheless, Pinkerton is considered one of the most important 1990s emo albums.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200351-83">[83]</a></figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/The_Promise_Ring" title="The Promise Ring">The Promise Ring</a>'s music took a slower, smoother, <a href="/wiki/Pop_punk" class="mw-redirect" title="Pop punk">pop punk</a> approach to riffs, blending them with singer <a href="/wiki/Davey_von_Bohlen" title="Davey von Bohlen">Davey von Bohlen</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Imagism" title="Imagism">imagist</a> lyrics delivered in a froggy croon and pronounced <a href="/wiki/Lisp" title="Lisp">lisp</a> and playing shows in basements and <a href="/wiki/Veterans_of_Foreign_Wars" title="Veterans of Foreign Wars">VFW</a> halls.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200335–36-84">[84]</a> Jade Tree released their debut album, <a href="/wiki/30%C2%B0_Everywhere" title="30° Everywhere">30° Everywhere</a>, in 1996; it sold tens of thousands of copies and was successful by independent standards.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200336-85">[85]</a> Greenwald describes the album as "like being hit in the head with cotton candy."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200337-86">[86]</a> Other bands, such as <a href="/wiki/Karate_(band)" title="Karate (band)">Karate</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Van_Pelt" title="The Van Pelt">the Van Pelt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joan_of_Arc_(band)" title="Joan of Arc (band)">Joan of Arc</a> and the Shyness Clinic, played emo music with <a href="/wiki/Post-rock" title="Post-rock">post-rock</a> and <a href="/wiki/Noise_rock" title="Noise rock">noise rock</a> influences.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200340-87">[87]</a> Their common lyrical thread was "applying big questions to small scenarios."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200340-87">[87]</a> A cornerstone of mid-1990s emo was <a href="/wiki/Weezer" title="Weezer">Weezer</a>'s 1996 album, <a href="/wiki/Pinkerton_(album)" title="Pinkerton (album)">Pinkerton</a>.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> After the mainstream success of Weezer's <a href="/wiki/Weezer_(1994_album)" class="mw-redirect" title="Weezer (1994 album)">self-titled debut album</a>, Pinkerton showed a more dark and abrasive style.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200350-90">[90]</a> Frontman <a href="/wiki/Rivers_Cuomo" title="Rivers Cuomo">Rivers Cuomo</a>'s songs focused on messy, manipulative sex and his insecurity about dealing with celebrity.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200350-90">[90]</a> A critical and commercial failure,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200350-90">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELuerssen2004206-91">[91]</a> <a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a> called it the third-worst album of the year.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELuerssen2004137-92">[92]</a> Cuomo retreated from the public eye,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200350-90">[90]</a> later referring to the album as "hideous" and "a hugely painful mistake".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELuerssen2004348-93">[93]</a> However, Pinkerton found enduring appeal with young people who were discovering <a href="/wiki/Alternative_rock" title="Alternative rock">alternative rock</a> and identified with its confessional lyrics and theme of rejection.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200351-83">[83]</a> Sales grew steadily due to word of mouth, online message boards and <a href="/wiki/Napster" title="Napster">Napster</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200351-83">[83]</a> "Although no one was paying attention", writes Greenwald, "perhaps because no one was paying attention—Pinkerton became the most important emo album of the decade."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200351-83">[83]</a> In 2004, James Montgomery of <a href="/wiki/MTV" title="MTV">MTV</a> described Weezer as "the most important band of the last 10 years".<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> Pinkerton's success grew very gradually, being certified gold by the RIAA in July 2001 and eventually being certified platinum by the RIAA in September 2016.<a href="#cite_note-United_StatesWeezerPinkertonalbumCertRef-95">[95]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1096940132" /><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/60px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/120px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Mineral_-_If_I_Could.ogg" title="File:Mineral - If I Could.ogg">"If I Could" by Mineral (1997)</a></div> <div><audio id="mwe_player_2" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="30" data-mwtitle="Mineral_-_If_I_Could.ogg" data-mwprovider="local"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/7/7b/Mineral_-_If_I_Could.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/transcoded/7/7b/Mineral_-_If_I_Could.ogg/Mineral_-_If_I_Could.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></div> <div class="description"><a href="/wiki/Andy_Greenwald" title="Andy Greenwald">Andy Greenwald</a> calls "If I Could" "the ultimate expression" of 1990s emo.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200341-96">[96]</a></div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr />Problems playing this file? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</div> </div> Mid-1990s emo was embodied by Mineral, whose <a href="/wiki/The_Power_of_Failing" title="The Power of Failing">The Power of Failing</a> (1997) and <a href="/wiki/EndSerenading" title="EndSerenading">EndSerenading</a> (1998) encapsulated emo tropes: somber music, accompanied by a shy narrator singing seriously about mundane problems.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200341-96">[96]</a> Greenwald calls "If I Could" "the ultimate expression" of 1990s emo, writing that "the song's short synopsis—she is beautiful, I am weak, dumb, and shy; I am alone but am surprisingly poetic when left alone — sums up everything that emo's adherents admired and its detractors detested."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200341-96">[96]</a> Another significant band was Braid, whose 1998 album <a href="/wiki/Frame_and_Canvas" class="mw-redirect" title="Frame and Canvas">Frame and Canvas</a> and <a href="/wiki/A-side_and_B-side" title="A-side and B-side">B-side</a> song "Forever Got Shorter" blurred the line between band and listener; the group mirrored their audience in passion and sentiment, and sang in their fans' voice.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200346–48-97">[97]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1096940132" /><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/60px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/120px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Promise_Ring_-_Why_Did_We_Ever_Meet.ogg" title="File:The Promise Ring - Why Did We Ever Meet.ogg">"Why Did We Ever Meet" by The Promise Ring (1997)</a></div> <div><audio id="mwe_player_3" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="25" data-mwtitle="The_Promise_Ring_-_Why_Did_We_Ever_Meet.ogg" data-mwprovider="local"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/transcoded/a/ae/The_Promise_Ring_-_Why_Did_We_Ever_Meet.ogg/The_Promise_Ring_-_Why_Did_We_Ever_Meet.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/ae/The_Promise_Ring_-_Why_Did_We_Ever_Meet.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></div> <div class="description"><a href="/wiki/The_Promise_Ring" title="The Promise Ring">The Promise Ring</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Nothing_Feels_Good" title="Nothing Feels Good">Nothing Feels Good</a> achieved wide success with an effective blend of pop and punk.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a></div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr />Problems playing this file? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</div> </div> Although mid-1990s emo had thousands of young fans, it did not enter the national consciousness.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200342-99">[99]</a> A few bands were offered contracts with major record labels, but most broke up before they could capitalize on the opportunity.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200345–46-100">[100]</a> Jimmy Eat World signed to <a href="/wiki/Capitol_Records" title="Capitol Records">Capitol Records</a> in 1995 and developed a following with their album, <a href="/wiki/Static_Prevails" title="Static Prevails">Static Prevails</a>, but did not break into the mainstream yet.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200399–101-101">[101]</a> The Promise Ring were the most commercially successful emo band of the time, with sales of their 1997 album <a href="/wiki/Nothing_Feels_Good" title="Nothing Feels Good">Nothing Feels Good</a> reaching the mid-five figures.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200342-99">[99]</a> Greenwald calls the album "the pinnacle of its generation of emo: a convergence of pop and punk, of resignation and celebration, of the lure of girlfriends and the pull of friends, bandmates, and the road";<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200344-102">[102]</a> mid-1990s emo was "the last subculture made of vinyl and paper instead of plastic and megabytes."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200348-103">[103]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1997–2002:_Independent_success">1997–2002: Independent success</h3></div> Emo's popularity grew during the late 1990s, laying the foundation for mainstream success. <a href="/wiki/Deep_Elm_Records" title="Deep Elm Records">Deep Elm Records</a> released a series of eleven <a href="/wiki/Compilation_album" title="Compilation album">compilation albums</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Emo_Diaries" title="The Emo Diaries">The Emo Diaries</a>, from 1997 to 2007.<a href="#cite_note-emo_diaries-104">[104]</a> Emphasizing unreleased music from many bands, the series included Jimmy Eat World, <a href="/wiki/Further_Seems_Forever" title="Further Seems Forever">Further Seems Forever</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samiam" title="Samiam">Samiam</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Movielife" title="The Movielife">the Movielife</a>.<a href="#cite_note-emo_diaries-104">[104]</a> Jimmy Eat World's 1999 album, <a href="/wiki/Clarity_(Jimmy_Eat_World_album)" title="Clarity (Jimmy Eat World album)">Clarity</a>, was a touchstone for later emo bands.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald2003101-105">[105]</a> In 2003, Andy Greenwald called Clarity "one of the most fiercely beloved rock 'n' roll records of the last decade."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald2003101-105">[105]</a> Despite a warm critical reception and the promotion of "Lucky Denver Mint" in the <a href="/wiki/Drew_Barrymore" title="Drew Barrymore">Drew Barrymore</a> comedy <a href="/wiki/Never_Been_Kissed" title="Never Been Kissed">Never Been Kissed</a>, Clarity was commercially unsuccessful.<a href="#cite_note-vanderhoff-106">[106]</a> Nevertheless, the album had steady word-of-mouth popularity and eventually sold over 70,000 copies.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald2003102–205-107">[107]</a> Jimmy Eat World self-financed their next album, <a href="/wiki/Bleed_American" title="Bleed American">Bleed American</a> (2001), before signing with <a href="/wiki/DreamWorks_Records" title="DreamWorks Records">DreamWorks Records</a>. The album sold 30,000 copies in its first week, went gold shortly afterwards and went platinum in 2002, making emo become mainstream.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald2003104–108-108">[108]</a> <a href="/wiki/Drive-Thru_Records" title="Drive-Thru Records">Drive-Thru Records</a> developed a roster of primarily <a href="/wiki/Pop_punk" class="mw-redirect" title="Pop punk">pop punk</a> bands with emo characteristics, including <a href="/wiki/Midtown_(band)" title="Midtown (band)">Midtown</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Starting_Line" title="The Starting Line">the Starting Line</a>, the Movielife and <a href="/wiki/Something_Corporate" title="Something Corporate">Something Corporate</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald2003126–132-109">[109]</a> Drive-Thru's partnership with <a href="/wiki/MCA_Records" title="MCA Records">MCA Records</a> enabled its brand of emo-inflected pop to reach a wider audience.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald2003127-110">[110]</a> Drive-Thru's unabashedly populist, capitalist approach to music allowed its bands' albums and merchandise to sell in stores such as <a href="/wiki/Hot_Topic" title="Hot Topic">Hot Topic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald2003127–129-111">[111]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Saves_the_Day,_Philadelphia,_Electric_Factory_Nov_10,_2010_(5227723812).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Saves_the_Day%2C_Philadelphia%2C_Electric_Factory_Nov_10%2C_2010_%285227723812%29.jpg/250px-Saves_the_Day%2C_Philadelphia%2C_Electric_Factory_Nov_10%2C_2010_%285227723812%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Saves_the_Day%2C_Philadelphia%2C_Electric_Factory_Nov_10%2C_2010_%285227723812%29.jpg/330px-Saves_the_Day%2C_Philadelphia%2C_Electric_Factory_Nov_10%2C_2010_%285227723812%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Saves_the_Day%2C_Philadelphia%2C_Electric_Factory_Nov_10%2C_2010_%285227723812%29.jpg/500px-Saves_the_Day%2C_Philadelphia%2C_Electric_Factory_Nov_10%2C_2010_%285227723812%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1824" data-file-height="1368" /></a><figcaption>Saves the Day was one of the more successful emo bands during the late 1990s and early 2000s, when emo was still primarily underground.</figcaption></figure> Independent label <a href="/wiki/Vagrant_Records" title="Vagrant Records">Vagrant Records</a> signed several successful late-1990s and early-2000s emo bands. <a href="/wiki/The_Get_Up_Kids" title="The Get Up Kids">The Get Up Kids</a> had sold over 15,000 copies of their debut album, <a href="/wiki/Four_Minute_Mile" title="Four Minute Mile">Four Minute Mile</a> (1997), before signing with Vagrant. The label promoted them aggressively, sending them on tours opening for <a href="/wiki/Green_Day" title="Green Day">Green Day</a> and <a href="/wiki/Weezer" title="Weezer">Weezer</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200377–78-112">[112]</a> Their 1999 album, <a href="/wiki/Something_to_Write_Home_About" title="Something to Write Home About">Something to Write Home About</a>, reaching number 31 on <a href="/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)" title="Billboard (magazine)">Billboard</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Top_Heatseekers" class="mw-redirect" title="Top Heatseekers">Top Heatseekers</a> chart.<a href="#cite_note-billboard.com-113">[113]</a> Vagrant signed and recorded a number of other emo-related bands over the next two years, including <a href="/wiki/The_Anniversary" title="The Anniversary">the Anniversary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reggie_and_the_Full_Effect" title="Reggie and the Full Effect">Reggie and the Full Effect</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_New_Amsterdams" title="The New Amsterdams">the New Amsterdams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alkaline_Trio" title="Alkaline Trio">Alkaline Trio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saves_the_Day" title="Saves the Day">Saves the Day</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dashboard_Confessional" title="Dashboard Confessional">Dashboard Confessional</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hey_Mercedes" title="Hey Mercedes">Hey Mercedes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hot_Rod_Circuit" title="Hot Rod Circuit">Hot Rod Circuit</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200379-114">[114]</a> Saves the Day had developed a substantial East Coast following and sold almost 50,000 copies of their second album, <a href="/wiki/Through_Being_Cool" title="Through Being Cool">Through Being Cool</a> (1999),<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200380-81">[81]</a> before signing with Vagrant and releasing <a href="/wiki/Stay_What_You_Are" title="Stay What You Are">Stay What You Are</a> (2001). Stay What You Are sold 15,000 copies in its first week,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200381-115">[115]</a> reached number 100 on the Billboard 200<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> and sold at least 120,000 copies in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> Vagrant organized a national tour with every band on its label, sponsored by corporations including <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Coca-Cola_Company" title="The Coca-Cola Company">Coca-Cola</a>, during the summer of 2001. Its populist approach and use of the internet as a marketing tool made it one of the country's most-successful independent labels and helped popularize the word "emo".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200381–88-118">[118]</a> According to Greenwald, "More than any other event, it was Vagrant America that defined emo to masses—mainly because it had the gumption to hit the road and bring it to them."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200381-115">[115]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2002–2010:_Mainstream_success">2002–2010: Mainstream success</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1096940132" /><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/60px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/120px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Jimmy_Eat_World_-_The_Middle.ogg" title="File:Jimmy Eat World - The Middle.ogg">"The Middle" by Jimmy Eat World (2001)</a></div> <div><audio id="mwe_player_4" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="18" data-mwtitle="Jimmy_Eat_World_-_The_Middle.ogg" data-mwprovider="local"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/f0/Jimmy_Eat_World_-_The_Middle.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/transcoded/f/f0/Jimmy_Eat_World_-_The_Middle.ogg/Jimmy_Eat_World_-_The_Middle.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AJimmy_Eat_World_-_The_Middle.ogg&lang=en&trackformat=vtt" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></div> <div class="description">"The Middle" topped <a href="/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)" title="Billboard (magazine)">Billboard</a>'s Modern Rock Tracks chart and helped Bleed American to go platinum.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200368-119">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-Jimmy_Eat_World_singles_history-120">[120]</a></div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr />Problems playing this file? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Emo-hairstyle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Emo-hairstyle.jpg/250px-Emo-hairstyle.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Emo-hairstyle.jpg/330px-Emo-hairstyle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Emo-hairstyle.jpg/500px-Emo-hairstyle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="353" /></a><figcaption>The typical 2000s emo hairstyle</figcaption></figure><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1224211176" /><div class="quotebox pullquote floatleft" style="width:25%; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> In the early [2000s], bands from cultural hinterlands—Boca Raton, Las Vegas, the suburbs of New Jersey and Illinois, Long Island—took their predecessors’ interest in private emotion and the legacy of punk and added a new ingredient: pop ambition. There was fast, percussive guitar strumming; earworm riffs; frenetic drumming; and melodies full of stadium-ready sing-along moments, delivered in a nasal style that flirted with whining and sometimes crossed over into yelling. </blockquote> <div style="padding-bottom: 0; padding-top: 0.5em"><cite class="left-aligned" style="">Peter C. Baker of <a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a> (July 28, 2023) <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.newyorker.com/books/page-turner/when-emo-conquered-the-mainstream">[1]</a></cite></div> </div> Emo broke into the mainstream media during the summer of 2002.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200368-119">[119]</a> During this time, many fans of emo music had an appearance of short, dyed black hair with bangs cut high on the forehead, glasses with thick and black frames, and thrift store clothes. This fashion then became a huge part of emo's identity.<a href="#cite_note-NewsTwentyFour-33">[33]</a> Jimmy Eat World's Bleed American album went platinum on the strength of "<a href="/wiki/The_Middle_(Jimmy_Eat_World_song)" title="The Middle (Jimmy Eat World song)">The Middle</a>", which topped <a href="/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)" title="Billboard (magazine)">Billboard</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Alternative_Songs" class="mw-redirect" title="Alternative Songs">Alternative Songs</a> chart.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200368-119">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-Jimmy_Eat_World_singles_history-120">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200394-121">[121]</a> The mainstream success achieved by Jimmy Eat World paved the way for emo pop music that would appear during the rest of the 2000s,<a href="#cite_note-Allmusic-122">[122]</a> with emo pop becoming a very common style of emo music during the 2000s.<a href="#cite_note-Evolution-123">[123]</a> The band Dashboard Confessional broke into the mainstream. Started by the band's guitarist and lead vocalist <a href="/wiki/Chris_Carrabba" title="Chris Carrabba">Chris Carrabba</a>, Dashboard Confessional are known for sometimes creating <a href="/wiki/Acoustic_music" title="Acoustic music">acoustic</a> songs.<a href="#cite_note-DashboardBio-124">[124]</a> Dashboard Confessional originally was a side project, as Carrabba was also a member of the emo band <a href="/wiki/Further_Seems_Forever" title="Further Seems Forever">Further Seems Forever</a>,<a href="#cite_note-DashboardBio-124">[124]</a> and Vacant Andys, a punk rock band Carraba helped start in 1995.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald2003196-125">[125]</a> <a href="/wiki/Dashboard_Confessional" title="Dashboard Confessional">Dashboard Confessional</a>'s album <a href="/wiki/The_Places_You_Have_Come_to_Fear_the_Most" title="The Places You Have Come to Fear the Most">The Places You Have Come to Fear the Most</a> peaked at number 5 on the <a href="/wiki/Independent_Albums" title="Independent Albums">Independent Albums</a> chart.<a href="#cite_note-Dashboard_album_charts-126">[126]</a> Dashboard Confessional was the first non-platinum-selling artist to record an episode of <a href="/wiki/MTV_Unplugged" title="MTV Unplugged">MTV Unplugged</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200368-119">[119]</a> The 2002 <a href="/wiki/MTV_Unplugged_2.0" title="MTV Unplugged 2.0">resulting live album and video long-form</a> was certified platinum by the RIAA on May 22, 2003, topped the Independent Albums chart, and, as of October 19, 2007, sold 316,000 copies.<a href="#cite_note-Dashboard_album_charts-126">[126]</a><a href="#cite_note-DashboardBio-124">[124]</a><a href="#cite_note-DashboardRIAA-127">[127]</a> With Dashboard Confessional's mainstream success, Carrabba appeared on a cover of the magazine <a href="/wiki/Spin_(magazine)" title="Spin (magazine)">Spin</a> and according to <a href="/wiki/Jim_DeRogatis" title="Jim DeRogatis">Jim DeRogatis</a>, "has become the 'face of emo' the way that <a href="/wiki/Moby" title="Moby">Moby</a> was deemed the prime exponent of <a href="/wiki/Techno" title="Techno">techno</a> or <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Cobain" title="Kurt Cobain">Kurt Cobain</a> became the unwilling crown prince of grunge."<a href="#cite_note-TrueConfessional-128">[128]</a> Three of Dashboard Confessional's studio albums, The Places You Have Come to Fear the Most (2001), <a href="/wiki/A_Mark,_a_Mission,_a_Brand,_a_Scar" title="A Mark, a Mission, a Brand, a Scar">A Mark, a Mission, a Brand, a Scar</a> (2003), and <a href="/wiki/Dusk_and_Summer" title="Dusk and Summer">Dusk and Summer</a> (2006), all were certified gold by the RIAA during the mid-2000s.<a href="#cite_note-DashboardRIAA-127">[127]</a> As of October 19, 2007, The Places You Have Come to Fear the Most has sold 599,000 copies.<a href="#cite_note-AskDashboard-129">[129]</a> As of October 19, 2007, Dusk and Summer and A Mark, a Mission, a Brand, a Scar have sold 512,000 copies and 901,000 copies in the United States, respectively.<a href="#cite_note-AskDashboard-129">[129]</a> As of October 19, 2007, Dashboard Confessional's 2000 debut album <a href="/wiki/The_Swiss_Army_Romance" title="The Swiss Army Romance">The Swiss Army Romance</a> sold 338,000 copies.<a href="#cite_note-AskDashboard-129">[129]</a> On August 10, 2003, <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> reported how, "from the three-chord laments of Alkaline Trio to the <a href="/wiki/Folk_music" title="Folk music">folky</a> rants of <a href="/wiki/Bright_Eyes_(band)" title="Bright Eyes (band)">Bright Eyes</a>, from the erudite pop-punk of <a href="/wiki/Brand_New_(band)" title="Brand New (band)">Brand New</a>" to the entropic anthems of Thursday, much of the most exciting rock music" was appearing from the emo genre.<a href="#cite_note-Kelefa-130">[130]</a> Saves the Day toured with Green Day, Blink-182 and Weezer, playing in large arenas such as <a href="/wiki/Madison_Square_Garden" title="Madison Square Garden">Madison Square Garden</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200367-131">[131]</a> Saves the Day performed on <a href="/wiki/Late_Night_with_Conan_O%27Brien" title="Late Night with Conan O'Brien">Late Night with Conan O'Brien</a>, appeared on the cover of <a href="/wiki/Alternative_Press_(music_magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alternative Press (music magazine)">Alternative Press</a> and had <a href="/wiki/Music_video" title="Music video">music videos</a> for "At Your Funeral" and "Freakish" in rotation on <a href="/wiki/MTV2" title="MTV2">MTV2</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200381-115">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-Saves_the_Day_Allmusic_bio-132">[132]</a> <a href="/wiki/Taking_Back_Sunday" title="Taking Back Sunday">Taking Back Sunday</a> released their debut album, <a href="/wiki/Tell_All_Your_Friends" title="Tell All Your Friends">Tell All Your Friends</a>, on <a href="/wiki/Victory_Records" title="Victory Records">Victory Records</a> in 2002. The album gave the band a taste of success in the emo scene with singles such as "Cute Without the 'E' (Cut from the Team)" and "You're So Last Summer". Tell All Your Friends was eventually certified gold by the RIAA in 2005<a href="#cite_note-United_StatesTaking_Back_SundayTell_All_Your_FriendsalbumCertRef-133">[133]</a> and is considered one of emo's most-influential albums. As of May 8, 2009, Tell All Your Friends sold 790,000 copies.<a href="#cite_note-TBSSales-134">[134]</a> Articles on Vagrant Records appeared in <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a> and <a href="/wiki/Newsweek" title="Newsweek">Newsweek</a>,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200388-135">[135]</a> and the word "emo" became a catchall term for non-mainstream pop music.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200368–69-136">[136]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Taking_Back_Sunday_live_in_Boston.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Taking Back Sunday on a smoky stage" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Taking_Back_Sunday_live_in_Boston.jpg/200px-Taking_Back_Sunday_live_in_Boston.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Taking_Back_Sunday_live_in_Boston.jpg/300px-Taking_Back_Sunday_live_in_Boston.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Taking_Back_Sunday_live_in_Boston.jpg/400px-Taking_Back_Sunday_live_in_Boston.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Taking Back Sunday performing on August 24, 2007</figcaption></figure> In the wake of this success, many emo bands were signed to major record labels and the genre became marketable.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald2003140–141-137">[137]</a> According to DreamWorks Records senior <a href="/wiki/A%26R" class="mw-redirect" title="A&R">A&R</a> representative Luke Wood, "The industry really does look at emo as the new <a href="/wiki/Rap_rock" title="Rap rock">rap rock</a>, or the new grunge. I don't think that anyone is listening to the music that's being made—they're thinking of how they're going to take advantage of the sound's popularity at retail."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald2003142-138">[138]</a> Emo's apolitical nature, catchy music and accessible themes had broad appeal for a young, mainstream audience. Emo bands that emerged or broke into the mainstream during this time were rejected by many fans of older emo music.<a href="#cite_note-Evolution-123">[123]</a> As emo continued to be mainstream, it became quite common for emo bands to have black hair and wear eyeliner.<a href="#cite_note-Evolution-123">[123]</a> Taking Back Sunday had continued success in the next few years, with their 2004 album <a href="/wiki/Where_You_Want_To_Be" class="mw-redirect" title="Where You Want To Be">Where You Want To Be</a> both reaching number three on the Billboard 200 and being certified gold by the RIAA in July 2005.<a href="#cite_note-United_StatesTaking_Back_SundayWhere_You_Want_To_BealbumCertRef-139">[139]</a> The album, as of February 17, 2006, sold more than 700,000 copies in the United States, according to Nielsen SoundScan.<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> The band's 2006 album, <a href="/wiki/Louder_Now" title="Louder Now">Louder Now</a>, reached number two on the Billboard 200, was certified gold by the RIAA a little less than two months after its release date,<a href="#cite_note-United_StatesTaking_Back_SundayLouder_NowalbumCertRef-141">[141]</a> and, as of May 8, 2009, sold 674,000 copies.<a href="#cite_note-TBSSales-134">[134]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Thursday.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Concert of the band Thursday" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Thursday.jpg/250px-Thursday.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Thursday.jpg/330px-Thursday.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Thursday.jpg/500px-Thursday.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="2160" /></a><figcaption>The emo band Thursday performing live in 2006</figcaption></figure> A darker, more aggressive style of emo was also becoming popular. New Jersey–based <a href="/wiki/Thursday_(band)" title="Thursday (band)">Thursday</a> signed a multimillion-dollar, multi-album contract with <a href="/wiki/Island_Def_Jam_Music_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Island Def Jam Music Group">Island Def Jam</a> after their 2001 album, <a href="/wiki/Full_Collapse" title="Full Collapse">Full Collapse</a>, reached number 178 on the Billboard 200.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald2003149–150-142">[142]</a> Their music was more political and lacked pop hooks and anthems, influenced instead by <a href="/wiki/The_Smiths" title="The Smiths">the Smiths</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joy_Division" title="Joy Division">Joy Division</a>, and <a href="/wiki/The_Cure" title="The Cure">the Cure</a>. However, the band's accessibility, basement-show roots and touring with Saves the Day made them part of the emo movement.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald2003153–155-143">[143]</a> Thursday's 2003 album, <a href="/wiki/War_All_the_Time_(Thursday_album)" title="War All the Time (Thursday album)">War All the Time</a>, reached number seven on the Billboard 200.<a href="#cite_note-bill-144">[144]</a> Hawthorne Heights, <a href="/wiki/Story_of_the_Year" title="Story of the Year">Story of the Year</a>, <a href="/wiki/Underoath" title="Underoath">Underoath</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Alexisonfire" title="Alexisonfire">Alexisonfire</a>, four bands frequently featured on MTV, have popularized <a href="/wiki/Screamo" title="Screamo">screamo</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ScreamoAM-145">[145]</a> Other screamo bands include <a href="/wiki/Silverstein_(band)" title="Silverstein (band)">Silverstein</a>,<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> <a href="/wiki/Senses_Fail" title="Senses Fail">Senses Fail</a><a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vendetta_Red" title="Vendetta Red">Vendetta Red</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ScreamoAM-145">[145]</a> Underoath's albums <a href="/wiki/They%27re_Only_Chasing_Safety" title="They're Only Chasing Safety">They're Only Chasing Safety</a> (2004)<a href="#cite_note-United_StatesUnderoathThey're_Only_Chasing_SafetyalbumCertRef-149">[149]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Define_the_Great_Line" title="Define the Great Line">Define the Great Line</a> (2006)<a href="#cite_note-United_StatesUnderoathDefine_the_Great_LinealbumCertRef-150">[150]</a> both were certified gold by the RIAA. The Used's <a href="/wiki/The_Used_(album)" title="The Used (album)">self-titled album</a> (2002) was certified gold by the RIAA on July 21, 2003.<a href="#cite_note-United_StatesThe_UsedThe_UsedalbumCertRef-151">[151]</a> The Used's self-titled album, as of August 22, 2009, has sold 841,000 copies.<a href="#cite_note-GuitarHeroes-152">[152]</a> The Used's album <a href="/wiki/In_Love_and_Death" title="In Love and Death">In Love and Death</a> (2004) was certified gold by the RIAA on March 21, 2005.<a href="#cite_note-United_StatesThe_UsedIn_Love_and_DeathalbumCertRef-153">[153]</a> In Love and Death, as of January 2, 2007, sold 689,000 copies in the United States, according to Nielsen SoundScan.<a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a> Four Alexisonfire albums were certified gold or platinum in Canada.<a href="#cite_note-CanadaAlexisonfireAlexisonfirealbumCertRef-155">[155]</a><a href="#cite_note-CanadaAlexisonfireWatch_Out!albumCertRef-156">[156]</a><a href="#cite_note-CanadaAlexisonfireCrisisalbumCertRef-157">[157]</a><a href="#cite_note-CanadaAlexisonfireOld_Crows_/_Young_CardinalsalbumCertRef-158">[158]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hawthorneheights.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Hawthorne Heights, a five-man emo band" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Hawthorneheights.jpg/189px-Hawthorneheights.jpg" decoding="async" width="189" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Hawthorneheights.jpg/284px-Hawthorneheights.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Hawthorneheights.jpg/378px-Hawthorneheights.jpg 2x" data-file-width="604" data-file-height="370" /></a><figcaption>The emo band <a href="/wiki/Hawthorne_Heights" title="Hawthorne Heights">Hawthorne Heights</a> in 2007</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:My_Chemical_Romance_BDO_Feb_4_07_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="My Chemical Romance, dressed in black, onstage" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/My_Chemical_Romance_BDO_Feb_4_07_1.jpg/250px-My_Chemical_Romance_BDO_Feb_4_07_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/My_Chemical_Romance_BDO_Feb_4_07_1.jpg/500px-My_Chemical_Romance_BDO_Feb_4_07_1.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1202" /></a><figcaption>My Chemical Romance is known for their use of eyeliner and black clothing associated with emo fashion.</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Emo_pop" title="Emo pop">Emo pop</a>, a pop punk-oriented subgenre of emo with <a href="/wiki/Pop_music" title="Pop music">pop</a>-influenced <a href="/wiki/Hook_(music)" title="Hook (music)">hooks</a>, became the main emo style during the mid-to late 2000s, with many of these bands being signed by <a href="/wiki/Fueled_by_Ramen_Records" class="mw-redirect" title="Fueled by Ramen Records">Fueled by Ramen Records</a> and some adopting a <a href="/wiki/Gothic_fashion" title="Gothic fashion">goth</a>-inspired look.<a href="#cite_note-Allmusic-122">[122]</a> My Chemical Romance broke into the mainstream with their 2004 album <a href="/wiki/Three_Cheers_for_Sweet_Revenge" title="Three Cheers for Sweet Revenge">Three Cheers for Sweet Revenge</a>. My Chemical Romance is known for their goth-influenced emo appearance and creation of <a href="/wiki/Concept_album" title="Concept album">concept albums</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rock_opera" title="Rock opera">rock operas</a>.<a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a><a href="#cite_note-MCRBio-160">[160]</a> Three Cheers for Sweet Revenge was certified platinum by the RIAA in 2005.<a href="#cite_note-United_StatesMy_Chemical_RomanceThree_Cheers_for_Sweet_RevengealbumCertRef-161">[161]</a> The band's success continued with its third album, <a href="/wiki/The_Black_Parade" title="The Black Parade">The Black Parade</a>, which sold 240,000 copies in its first week of release<a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> and was certified platinum by the RIAA in less than a year.<a href="#cite_note-United_StatesMy_Chemical_RomanceThe_Black_ParadealbumCertRef-163">[163]</a> Fall Out Boy's album, <a href="/wiki/From_Under_the_Cork_Tree" title="From Under the Cork Tree">From Under the Cork Tree</a>, sold 2,700,000 copies in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-FOBSales-164">[164]</a> The band's album, <a href="/wiki/Infinity_on_High" title="Infinity on High">Infinity on High</a>, topped the Billboard 200, sold 260,000 copies in its first week of release<a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a> and sold 1,400,000 copies in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-FOBSales-164">[164]</a> Multiple Fall Out Boy songs reached the top ten of the Billboard Hot 100.<a href="#cite_note-FallOutBoyChartHistory-166">[166]</a> Panic! at the Disco's album, <a href="/wiki/A_Fever_You_Can%27t_Sweat_Out" title="A Fever You Can't Sweat Out">A Fever You Can't Sweat Out</a>, was certified double platinum by the RIAA<a href="#cite_note-United_StatesPanic!_at_the_DiscoA_Fever_You_Can't_Sweat_OutalbumCertRef-167">[167]</a> and its single, "<a href="/wiki/I_Write_Sins_Not_Tragedies" title="I Write Sins Not Tragedies">I Write Sins Not Tragedies</a>", reached number seven on the Billboard Hot 100.<a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a> Panic! at the Disco are known for combining emo with <a href="/wiki/Electronic_music" title="Electronic music">electronics</a><a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a> and their album A Fever You Can't Sweat Out is an emo album<a href="#cite_note-EmoAlbumsRollingStone-170">[170]</a> with elements of <a href="/wiki/Dance-punk" title="Dance-punk">dance-punk</a><a href="#cite_note-171">[171]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Baroque_pop" title="Baroque pop">baroque pop</a>.<a href="#cite_note-172">[172]</a> The Red Jumpsuit Apparatus' "<a href="/wiki/Face_Down_(The_Red_Jumpsuit_Apparatus_song)" title="Face Down (The Red Jumpsuit Apparatus song)">Face Down</a>" peaked at number 24 on the Billboard Hot 100<a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a> and its album, <a href="/wiki/Don%27t_You_Fake_It" title="Don't You Fake It">Don't You Fake It</a>, sold 852,000 copies in the United States.<a href="#cite_note-174">[174]</a> <a href="/wiki/AFI_(band)" title="AFI (band)">AFI</a>'s albums <a href="/wiki/Sing_the_Sorrow" title="Sing the Sorrow">Sing the Sorrow</a> and <a href="/wiki/Decemberunderground" title="Decemberunderground">Decemberunderground</a> both were certified platinum by the RIAA,<a href="#cite_note-United_StatesAFISing_the_SorrowalbumCertRef-175">[175]</a><a href="#cite_note-United_StatesAFIDecemberundergroundalbumCertRef-176">[176]</a> with Decemberunderground peaking at number 1 on the Billboard 200.<a href="#cite_note-177">[177]</a> Paramore's 2007 album <a href="/wiki/Riot!" title="Riot!">Riot!</a> was certified double platinum by the RIAA<a href="#cite_note-United_StatesParamoreRiot!albumCertRef-178">[178]</a> and several Paramore songs appeared on the Billboard Hot 100 in the late 2000s, including "<a href="/wiki/Misery_Business" title="Misery Business">Misery Business</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Decode_(song)" title="Decode (song)">Decode</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Crushcrushcrush" title="Crushcrushcrush">Crushcrushcrush</a>", "<a href="/wiki/That%27s_What_You_Get" title="That's What You Get">That's What You Get</a>", and "<a href="/wiki/Ignorance_(song)" title="Ignorance (song)">Ignorance</a>".<a href="#cite_note-ParamoreHot100-179">[179]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2010–present:_Decline_and_emo_revival">2010–present: Decline and emo revival</h3></div> By 2010, emo's popularity began to decline. Many emo bands lost popularity or had changed genres;<a href="#cite_note-180">[180]</a> <a href="/wiki/My_Chemical_Romance" title="My Chemical Romance">My Chemical Romance</a>'s album, <a href="/wiki/Danger_Days:_The_True_Lives_of_the_Fabulous_Killjoys" title="Danger Days: The True Lives of the Fabulous Killjoys">Danger Days: The True Lives of the Fabulous Killjoys</a>, featured a traditional <a href="/wiki/Pop_punk" class="mw-redirect" title="Pop punk">pop punk</a> style.<a href="#cite_note-181">[181]</a> <a href="/wiki/Paramore" title="Paramore">Paramore</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fall_Out_Boy" title="Fall Out Boy">Fall Out Boy</a> both abandoned the emo genre with their 2013 albums, <a href="/wiki/Paramore_(album)" title="Paramore (album)">Paramore</a> and <a href="/wiki/Save_Rock_and_Roll" title="Save Rock and Roll">Save Rock and Roll</a>, respectively.<a href="#cite_note-182">[182]</a><a href="#cite_note-183">[183]</a><a href="#cite_note-184">[184]</a> Paramore moved to a <a href="/wiki/New_wave_music" title="New wave music">new wave</a>-influenced style.<a href="#cite_note-185">[185]</a> <a href="/wiki/Panic!_at_the_Disco" title="Panic! at the Disco">Panic! at the Disco</a> also abandoned the <a href="/wiki/Emo_pop" title="Emo pop">emo pop</a> genre to a <a href="/wiki/Synth-pop" title="Synth-pop">synth-pop</a> style on <a href="/wiki/Too_Weird_to_Live,_Too_Rare_to_Die!" title="Too Weird to Live, Too Rare to Die!">Too Weird to Live, Too Rare to Die!</a>.<a href="#cite_note-186">[186]</a> Many emo bands, including <a href="/wiki/My_Chemical_Romance" title="My Chemical Romance">My Chemical Romance</a>,<a href="#cite_note-187">[187]</a> <a href="/wiki/Alexisonfire" title="Alexisonfire">Alexisonfire</a>,<a href="#cite_note-188">[188]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thursday_(band)" title="Thursday (band)">Thursday</a>,<a href="#cite_note-189">[189]</a> disbanded, raising concerns about the genre's viability.<a href="#cite_note-190">[190]</a> During the latter 2010s, a mainly underground <a href="/wiki/Emo_revival" title="Emo revival">emo revival</a> emerged,<a href="#cite_note-12_bands-191">[191]</a><a href="#cite_note-Ducker-192">[192]</a><a href="#cite_note-Your_New_Favorite_Emo_Bands-193">[193]</a> drawing on the sound and aesthetic of 1990s emo. Artists associated with this movement include Modern Baseball,<a href="#cite_note-194">[194]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_World_Is_a_Beautiful_Place_%26_I_Am_No_Longer_Afraid_to_Die" title="The World Is a Beautiful Place & I Am No Longer Afraid to Die">the World Is a Beautiful Place & I Am No Longer Afraid to Die</a>,<a href="#cite_note-12_bands-191">[191]</a><a href="#cite_note-Your_New_Favorite_Emo_Bands-193">[193]</a><a href="#cite_note-Handicapping-195">[195]</a> <a href="/wiki/A_Great_Big_Pile_of_Leaves" title="A Great Big Pile of Leaves">A Great Big Pile of Leaves</a>,<a href="#cite_note-12_bands-191">[191]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pianos_Become_the_Teeth" title="Pianos Become the Teeth">Pianos Become the Teeth</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Your_New_Favorite_Emo_Bands-193">[193]</a> <a href="/wiki/Empire!_Empire!_(I_Was_a_Lonely_Estate)" title="Empire! Empire! (I Was a Lonely Estate)">Empire! Empire! (I Was a Lonely Estate)</a>,<a href="#cite_note-12_bands-191">[191]</a> <a href="/wiki/Touch%C3%A9_Amor%C3%A9" title="Touché Amoré">Touché Amoré</a>,<a href="#cite_note-12_bands-191">[191]</a><a href="#cite_note-Handicapping-195">[195]</a> <a href="/wiki/Into_It._Over_It." title="Into It. Over It.">Into It. Over It.</a>,<a href="#cite_note-12_bands-191">[191]</a><a href="#cite_note-Handicapping-195">[195]</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Hotelier" title="The Hotelier">the Hotelier</a>.<a href="#cite_note-196">[196]</a> While many 2010s emo bands draw on the sound and aesthetic of 1990s emo, hardcore punk elements are consistently used by 2010s emo bands such as <a href="/wiki/Title_Fight" title="Title Fight">Title Fight</a><a href="#cite_note-197">[197]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Small_Brown_Bike" title="Small Brown Bike">Small Brown Bike</a>.<a href="#cite_note-198">[198]</a> In the 2020s, emo's impact on mainstream music of the <a href="/wiki/2010s_in_music" title="2010s in music">2010s</a>, as well as a revival of the genre itself, was noted in media outlets.<a href="#cite_note-:2-199">[199]</a><a href="#cite_note-:3-17">[17]</a> The <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> observed in 2018 "beyond guitar-based bands, the influence of emo can be seen in much of modern music, both in style and lyrical content" and "addressing <a href="/wiki/Mental_health_issues" class="mw-redirect" title="Mental health issues">mental health issues</a> has become increasingly more common in pop".<a href="#cite_note-:1-37">[37]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Subgenres_and_fusion_genres">Subgenres and fusion genres</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Subgenres">Subgenres</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Screamo">Screamo</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Screamo" title="Screamo">Screamo</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Orchid_-_Stierch.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A vocalist and a drummer of a band performing with their band." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Orchid_-_Stierch.jpg/200px-Orchid_-_Stierch.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Orchid_-_Stierch.jpg/300px-Orchid_-_Stierch.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Orchid_-_Stierch.jpg/400px-Orchid_-_Stierch.jpg 2x" data-file-width="895" data-file-height="928" /></a><figcaption>Screamo band <a href="/wiki/Orchid_(hardcore_punk_band)" class="mw-redirect" title="Orchid (hardcore punk band)">Orchid</a> performing in <a href="/wiki/Bloomington,_Indiana" title="Bloomington, Indiana">Bloomington, Indiana</a> in 2000</figcaption></figure> The term "screamo" was initially applied to an aggressive offshoot of emo which developed in San Diego in 1991 and used short songs grafting "spastic intensity to willfully experimental dissonance and dynamics."<a href="#cite_note-Heller-200">[200]</a> Screamo is a dissonant form of emo influenced by <a href="/wiki/Hardcore_punk" title="Hardcore punk">hardcore punk</a>,<a href="#cite_note-ScreamoAM-145">[145]</a> with typical rock instrumentation and noted for short songs, chaotic execution and <a href="/wiki/Screaming_(music)" title="Screaming (music)">screaming vocals</a>. <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MuchMusic_Video_Awards_2007_608.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="The Used's band members in a photo together" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/MuchMusic_Video_Awards_2007_608.jpg/200px-MuchMusic_Video_Awards_2007_608.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/MuchMusic_Video_Awards_2007_608.jpg/300px-MuchMusic_Video_Awards_2007_608.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/MuchMusic_Video_Awards_2007_608.jpg/400px-MuchMusic_Video_Awards_2007_608.jpg 2x" data-file-width="540" data-file-height="360" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/The_Used" title="The Used">The Used</a>'s self-titled album was called "one of the masterworks of the screamo movement" by <a href="/wiki/The_Kansas_City_Star" title="The Kansas City Star">The Kansas City Star</a>.<a href="#cite_note-201">[201]</a></figcaption></figure> The genre is "generally based in the aggressive side of the overarching <a href="/wiki/Punk-revival" class="mw-redirect" title="Punk-revival">punk-revival</a> scene."<a href="#cite_note-ScreamoAM-145">[145]</a> It began at the <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A9_Caf%C3%A9" title="Ché Café">Ché Café</a><a href="#cite_note-202">[202]</a> with groups such as <a href="/wiki/Heroin_(band)" title="Heroin (band)">Heroin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antioch_Arrow" title="Antioch Arrow">Antioch Arrow</a>,<a href="#cite_note-203">[203]</a> Angel Hair, <a href="/wiki/Mohinder_(band)" title="Mohinder (band)">Mohinder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Swing_Kids_(band)" title="Swing Kids (band)">Swing Kids</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Portraits_of_Past" title="Portraits of Past">Portraits of Past</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ebullition-204">[204]</a> They were influenced by Washington, D.C. <a href="/wiki/Post-hardcore" title="Post-hardcore">post-hardcore</a> (particularly <a href="/wiki/Fugazi" title="Fugazi">Fugazi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nation_of_Ulysses" class="mw-redirect" title="Nation of Ulysses">Nation of Ulysses</a>),<a href="#cite_note-Heller-200">[200]</a> <a href="/wiki/Straight_edge" title="Straight edge">straight edge</a>, the Chicago group <a href="/wiki/Articles_of_Faith_(band)" title="Articles of Faith (band)">Articles of Faith</a>, the hardcore-punk band <a href="/wiki/Die_Kreuzen" title="Die Kreuzen">Die Kreuzen</a><a href="#cite_note-AP-205">[205]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Post-punk" title="Post-punk">post-punk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gothic_rock" title="Gothic rock">gothic rock</a> bands like <a href="/wiki/Bauhaus_(band)" title="Bauhaus (band)">Bauhaus</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Heller-200">[200]</a> <a href="/wiki/I_Hate_Myself_(band)" title="I Hate Myself (band)">I Hate Myself</a> is a band described as "a cornerstone of the 'screamo' genre" by author Matt Walker:<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWalker2016102–103-206">[206]</a> "Musically, I Hate Myself relied on being very slow and deliberate, with sharp contrasts between quiet, almost meditative segments that rip into loud and heavy portions driven by Jim Marburger's tidal wave scream."<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWalker2016102-207">[207]</a> Other early screamo bands include <a href="/wiki/Pg._99" title="Pg. 99">Pg. 99</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saetia" title="Saetia">Saetia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Orchid_(hardcore_punk_band)" class="mw-redirect" title="Orchid (hardcore punk band)">Orchid</a>.<a href="#cite_note-208">[208]</a> The Used, <a href="/wiki/Thursday_(band)" title="Thursday (band)">Thursday</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thrice" title="Thrice">Thrice</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hawthorne_Heights" title="Hawthorne Heights">Hawthorne Heights</a>, who all formed in the United States during the late 1990s and early 2000s and remained active throughout the 2000s, helped popularize screamo.<a href="#cite_note-ScreamoAM-145">[145]</a> <a href="/wiki/Post-hardcore" title="Post-hardcore">Post-hardcore</a> bands such as <a href="/wiki/Refused" title="Refused">Refused</a> and <a href="/wiki/At_the_Drive-In" title="At the Drive-In">At the Drive-In</a> paved the way for these bands.<a href="#cite_note-ScreamoAM-145">[145]</a> Screamo bands from the Canadian emo scene such as <a href="/wiki/Silverstein_(band)" title="Silverstein (band)">Silverstein</a><a href="#cite_note-209">[209]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alexisonfire" title="Alexisonfire">Alexisonfire</a><a href="#cite_note-210">[210]</a> also emerged at this time. By the mid-2000s, the saturation of the screamo scene caused many bands to expand beyond the genre and incorporate more-experimental elements. Non-screamo bands used the genre's characteristic guttural vocal style.<a href="#cite_note-ScreamoAM-145">[145]</a> Some screamo bands during this time period were inspired by genres like <a href="/wiki/Pop_punk" class="mw-redirect" title="Pop punk">pop punk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Heavy_metal_music" title="Heavy metal music">heavy metal</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ScreamoAM-145">[145]</a> Jeff Mitchell of the <a href="/wiki/Iowa_State_Daily" title="Iowa State Daily">Iowa State Daily</a> wrote, "There is no set definition of what screamo sounds like but screaming over once deafeningly loud rocking noise and suddenly quiet, melodic guitar lines is a theme commonly affiliated with the genre."<a href="#cite_note-IowaSC-211">[211]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Sass">Sass</h5></div> Sass (also known as sassy screamo, sasscore, white belt hardcore,<a href="#cite_note-PopMatters-212">[212]</a> white belt, sassgrind or dancey screamo)<a href="#cite_note-213">[213]</a> is a style that emerged from the late-1990s and early-2000s screamo scene.<a href="#cite_note-A.V._Club-214">[214]</a> The genre incorporates elements of <a href="/wiki/Post-punk" title="Post-punk">post-punk</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_wave_music" title="New wave music">new wave</a>, <a href="/wiki/Disco" title="Disco">disco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Electronic_music" title="Electronic music">electronic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dance-punk" title="Dance-punk">dance-punk</a>,<a href="#cite_note-A.V._Club-214">[214]</a> <a href="/wiki/Grindcore" title="Grindcore">grindcore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Noise_rock" title="Noise rock">noise rock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metalcore" title="Metalcore">metalcore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mathcore" title="Mathcore">mathcore</a> and <a href="/wiki/Beatdown_hardcore" title="Beatdown hardcore">beatdown hardcore</a>. The genre is characterized by often incorporating overtly flamboyant mannerisms, erotic lyrical content, synthesizers, <a href="/wiki/Dance_music" title="Dance music">dance</a> beats and a lisping vocal style.<a href="#cite_note-215">[215]</a> Sass bands include <a href="/wiki/The_Blood_Brothers_(band)" title="The Blood Brothers (band)">the Blood Brothers</a>, <a href="/wiki/An_Albatross" title="An Albatross">An Albatross</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Number_Twelve_Looks_Like_You" title="The Number Twelve Looks Like You">The Number Twelve Looks Like You</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Plot_to_Blow_Up_the_Eiffel_Tower" title="The Plot to Blow Up the Eiffel Tower">the Plot to Blow Up the Eiffel Tower</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daughters_(band)" title="Daughters (band)">Daughters</a>'s early music, <a href="/wiki/Orchid_(punk_band)" class="mw-redirect" title="Orchid (punk band)">Orchid</a>'s later music<a href="#cite_note-216">[216]</a><a href="#cite_note-217">[217]</a> and <a href="/wiki/SeeYouSpaceCowboy" title="SeeYouSpaceCowboy">SeeYouSpaceCowboy</a>.<a href="#cite_note-218">[218]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fusion_genres">Fusion genres</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fall_Out_Boy_in_concert.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Band performing onstage" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Fall_Out_Boy_in_concert.jpg/250px-Fall_Out_Boy_in_concert.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Fall_Out_Boy_in_concert.jpg/330px-Fall_Out_Boy_in_concert.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Fall_Out_Boy_in_concert.jpg 2x" data-file-width="424" data-file-height="268" /></a><figcaption>Fall Out Boy performing in 2006</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Emo_pop">Emo pop</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Emo_pop" title="Emo pop">Emo pop</a></div> Emo pop (or emo pop punk) is a subgenre of emo known for its <a href="/wiki/Pop_music" title="Pop music">pop music</a> influences, more concise songs and <a href="/wiki/Hook_(music)" title="Hook (music)">hook</a>-filled <a href="/wiki/Chorus_(song)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chorus (song)">choruses</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Allmusic-122">[122]</a> <a href="/wiki/AllMusic" title="AllMusic">AllMusic</a> describes emo pop as blending "youthful <a href="/wiki/Angst" title="Angst">angst</a>" with "slick production" and mainstream appeal, using "high-pitched <a href="/wiki/Melody" title="Melody">melodies</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rhythm" title="Rhythm">rhythmic</a> guitars, and lyrics concerning <a href="/wiki/Adolescence" title="Adolescence">adolescence</a>, relationships, and heartbreak."<a href="#cite_note-Allmusic-122">[122]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a> described emo pop as a cross between "saccharine <a href="/wiki/Boy-band" class="mw-redirect" title="Boy-band">boy-band</a> pop" and emo.<a href="#cite_note-Guardian-219">[219]</a> Emo pop developed during the 1990s. Bands like Jawbreaker and <a href="/wiki/Samiam" title="Samiam">Samiam</a> are known for formulating the emo pop punk style.<a href="#cite_note-220">[220]</a> According to Nicole Keiper of <a href="/wiki/CMJ_New_Music_Monthly" class="mw-redirect" title="CMJ New Music Monthly">CMJ New Music Monthly</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sense_Field" title="Sense Field">Sense Field</a>'s Building (1996) pushed the band "into the emo-pop camp with the likes of the Get Up Kids and Jejune".<a href="#cite_note-CMJ-221">[221]</a> As emo became commercially successful in the early 2000s, emo pop became popular with Jimmy Eat World's 2001 album <a href="/wiki/Bleed_American" title="Bleed American">Bleed American</a> and the success of its single "The Middle".<a href="#cite_note-Allmusic-122">[122]</a> Jimmy Eat World,<a href="#cite_note-Allmusic-122">[122]</a> the Get Up Kids<a href="#cite_note-222">[222]</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Promise_Ring" title="The Promise Ring">the Promise Ring</a><a href="#cite_note-223">[223]</a> also are early emo pop bands. The emo pop style of Jimmy Eat World's album, <a href="/wiki/Clarity_(Jimmy_Eat_World_album)" title="Clarity (Jimmy Eat World album)">Clarity</a><a href="#cite_note-224">[224]</a> influenced later emo.<a href="#cite_note-Stylus-225">[225]</a> The emo band Braid's 1998 album <a href="/wiki/Frame_%26_Canvas" title="Frame & Canvas">Frame & Canvas</a> has been described as emo pop by Blake Butler of <a href="/wiki/AllMusic" title="AllMusic">AllMusic</a>, who gave the Braid album four out of five stars and wrote that Frame & Canvas "proves to be one of Braid's best efforts".<a href="#cite_note-226">[226]</a> Emo pop became successful during the late 1990s, with its popularity increasing in the early 2000s. The Get Up Kids sold over 15,000 copies of their debut album, <a href="/wiki/Four_Minute_Mile" title="Four Minute Mile">Four Minute Mile</a> (1997), before signing with Vagrant Records. The label promoted them, sending them on tours to <a href="/wiki/Opening_act" title="Opening act">open</a> for <a href="/wiki/Green_Day" title="Green Day">Green Day</a> and <a href="/wiki/Weezer" title="Weezer">Weezer</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200377–78-112">[112]</a> Their 1999 album, <a href="/wiki/Something_to_Write_Home_About" title="Something to Write Home About">Something to Write Home About</a>, reached number 31 on <a href="/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)" title="Billboard (magazine)">Billboard</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Top_Heatseekers" class="mw-redirect" title="Top Heatseekers">Top Heatseekers</a> chart.<a href="#cite_note-billboard.com-113">[113]</a> As of May 2, 2002, Something to Write Home About sold 134,000 copies in the United States, according to Nielsen SoundScan. As emo pop coalesced, the <a href="/wiki/Fueled_by_Ramen" title="Fueled by Ramen">Fueled by Ramen</a> label became a center of the movement and signed <a href="/wiki/Fall_Out_Boy" title="Fall Out Boy">Fall Out Boy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Panic!_at_the_Disco" title="Panic! at the Disco">Panic! at the Disco</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Paramore" title="Paramore">Paramore</a> (all of whom had been successful).<a href="#cite_note-Allmusic-122">[122]</a> Two regional scenes developed. The <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> scene was created by Fueled by Ramen; <a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">midwest</a> emo-pop was promoted by Pete Wentz, whose Fall Out Boy rose to the forefront of the style during the mid-2000s.<a href="#cite_note-Allmusic-122">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-Fall_out_boy-227">[227]</a><a href="#cite_note-228">[228]</a> <a href="/wiki/Cash_Cash" title="Cash Cash">Cash Cash</a> released <a href="/wiki/Take_It_to_the_Floor" title="Take It to the Floor">Take It to the Floor</a> (2008); according to AllMusic, it could be "the definitive statement of airheaded, glittery, and content-free emo-pop<a href="#cite_note-Cash-229">[229]</a> ... the transformation of emo from the expression of intensely felt, ripped-from-the-throat feelings played by bands directly influenced by post-punk and hardcore to mall-friendly <a href="/wiki/Day-Glo" class="mw-redirect" title="Day-Glo">Day-Glo</a> pop played by kids who look about as authentic as the "punks" on an old episode of <a href="/wiki/Quincy,_M.E." title="Quincy, M.E.">Quincy</a> did back in the '70s was made pretty much complete".<a href="#cite_note-Cash-229">[229]</a> <a href="/wiki/You_Me_at_Six" title="You Me at Six">You Me at Six</a> released their 2008 debut album, <a href="/wiki/Take_Off_Your_Colours" title="Take Off Your Colours">Take Off Your Colours</a>, described by AllMusic's Jon O'Brien as "follow[ing] the 'emo-pop for dummies' handbook word-for-word."<a href="#cite_note-230">[230]</a> The album was certified gold in the UK.<a href="#cite_note-231">[231]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Emo_rap">Emo rap</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Emo_rap" title="Emo rap">Emo rap</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Xxxtentacion_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Mugshot of a male person in October 2016." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Xxxtentacion_%28cropped%29.jpg/180px-Xxxtentacion_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Xxxtentacion_%28cropped%29.jpg/270px-Xxxtentacion_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Xxxtentacion_%28cropped%29.jpg/360px-Xxxtentacion_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="748" data-file-height="935" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/XXXTentacion" title="XXXTentacion">XXXTentacion</a> (pictured) was influenced by a number of emo and alternative rock artists.<a href="#cite_note-232">[232]</a></figcaption></figure> Emo rap, a genre that combines emo music with <a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Hip hop music">hip hop music</a>, began in the mid–to late 2010s.<a href="#cite_note-TheRinger-233">[233]</a> Prominent artists of emo hip hop include <a href="/wiki/Lil_Peep" title="Lil Peep">Lil Peep</a>,<a href="#cite_note-234">[234]</a> <a href="/wiki/XXXTentacion" title="XXXTentacion">XXXTentacion</a>,<a href="#cite_note-TheRinger-233">[233]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nothing,Nowhere" title="Nothing,Nowhere">Nothing,Nowhere</a>.<a href="#cite_note-235">[235]</a><a href="#cite_note-236">[236]</a> In the mid-to late 2010s, emo rap broke into the mainstream. Deceased rapper <a href="/wiki/XXXTentacion" title="XXXTentacion">XXXTentacion</a>'s song "<a href="/wiki/Sad!" title="Sad!">Sad!</a>" peaked at number 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 on June 30, 2018.<a href="#cite_note-237">[237]</a> <a href="/wiki/Lil_Uzi_Vert" title="Lil Uzi Vert">Lil Uzi Vert</a>'s song "<a href="/wiki/XO_Tour_Llif3" title="XO Tour Llif3">XO Tour Llif3</a>" peaked at number 7 on the Billboard Hot 100<a href="#cite_note-238">[238]</a> and the song was certified 6× platinum by the RIAA.<a href="#cite_note-United_StatesLil_Uzi_VertXO_Tour_Llif3singleCertRef-239">[239]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Subculture_and_stereotypes">Subculture and stereotypes</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Emo_subculture" title="Emo subculture">emo subculture</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pete_Wentz_of_Fall_Out_Boy_October_2009_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Pete_Wentz_of_Fall_Out_Boy_October_2009_%28cropped%29.jpg/250px-Pete_Wentz_of_Fall_Out_Boy_October_2009_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="327" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Pete_Wentz_of_Fall_Out_Boy_October_2009_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Pete_Wentz_of_Fall_Out_Boy_October_2009_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/Pete_Wentz_of_Fall_Out_Boy_October_2009_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="347" data-file-height="516" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Pete_Wentz" title="Pete Wentz">Pete Wentz</a> of <a href="/wiki/Fall_Out_Boy" title="Fall Out Boy">Fall Out Boy</a> displaying features of emo fashion: <a href="/wiki/Skinny_jeans" class="mw-redirect" title="Skinny jeans">skinny jeans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eye_liner" title="Eye liner">eye liner</a>, and flat, straight, jet-black hair with long <a href="/wiki/Bangs_(hair)" title="Bangs (hair)">bangs</a> covering the face</figcaption></figure> The beginning of emo as a subculture rather than just a style of music dates back to the mid-1990s <a href="/wiki/San_Diego" title="San Diego">San Diego</a> screamo scene. The scene's bands, such as Heroin, Antioch Arrow and Swing Kids, and participants in this scene were often called "<a href="/wiki/Spock" title="Spock">spock</a> rock", in reference to their black-dyed hair with straight fringes.<a href="#cite_note-PopMatters-212">[212]</a> As the vocalist of Swing Kids, Justin Pearson had choppy spikes protruding from the back of his head alongside straight fringes, which was a prototype for the emo haircut.<a href="#cite_note-PopMatters-212">[212]</a> During this time, emo fashion was clean-cut and tended towards geek chic,<a href="#cite_note-hono-240">[240]</a> with clothing items like thick-rimmed glasses resembling 1950s musician <a href="/wiki/Buddy_Holly" title="Buddy Holly">Buddy Holly</a>, button-down shirts, t-shirts, sweater vests, tight jeans, converse shoes, and cardigans being common.<a href="#cite_note-AngstSales-14">[14]</a> Emo fashion in the mid-to late 2000s included <a href="/wiki/Skinny_jeans" class="mw-redirect" title="Skinny jeans">skinny jeans</a>, tight <a href="/wiki/T-shirt" title="T-shirt">T-shirts</a> (usually short-sleeved, and often with the names of emo bands), studded <a href="/wiki/Belt_(clothing)" title="Belt (clothing)">belts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Converse_(shoe_company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Converse (shoe company)">Converse</a> sneakers, <a href="/wiki/Vans" title="Vans">Vans</a> and black <a href="/wiki/Wristband" title="Wristband">wristbands</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdlerAdler2011171-241">[241]</a><a href="#cite_note-fairfield-242">[242]</a> Thick, horn-rimmed glasses remained in style to an extent,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdlerAdler2011171-241">[241]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eye_liner" title="Eye liner">eye liner</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nail_polish" title="Nail polish">black fingernails</a> became common during the mid-2000s.<a href="#cite_note-MoscowTimes-243">[243]</a><a href="#cite_note-EmoSongsLAWeekly-244">[244]</a> The best-known facet of emo fashion is its hairstyle: flat, straight, usually jet-black hair with long <a href="/wiki/Bangs_(hair)" title="Bangs (hair)">bangs</a> covering much of the face,<a href="#cite_note-fairfield-242">[242]</a> which has been called a <a href="/wiki/Fad" title="Fad">fad</a>.<a href="#cite_note-fairfield-242">[242]</a> As emo became a subculture, people who dressed in emo fashion and associated themselves with its music were known as "emo kids" or "emos".<a href="#cite_note-fairfield-242">[242]</a> Emo has occassionally been associated with the stereotypes of <a href="/wiki/Emotion" title="Emotion">emotion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emotional_sensitivity" class="mw-redirect" title="Emotional sensitivity">sensitivity</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shyness" title="Shyness">shyness</a>, <a href="/wiki/Extraversion_and_introversion" title="Extraversion and introversion">introversion</a> or <a href="/wiki/Angst" title="Angst">angst</a>.<a href="#cite_note-findingemo-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bunning_35069&pid=_Newspace,_University_of_Queensland,_School_of_Journalism_and_Communication-245">[245]</a><a href="#cite_note-Stiernberg-246">[246]</a> More controversially, <a href="/wiki/Stereotype" title="Stereotype">stereotypes</a> surrounding the genre included <a href="/wiki/Depression_(mood)" title="Depression (mood)">depression</a>, <a href="/wiki/Self-harm" title="Self-harm">self-harm</a> and <a href="/wiki/Suicide" title="Suicide">suicide</a>,<a href="#cite_note-fairfield-242">[242]</a><a href="#cite_note-Walsh-247">[247]</a> in part stoked by depictions of emo fans as a "<a href="/wiki/Cult" title="Cult">cult</a>" by British tabloid <a href="/wiki/Daily_Mail" title="Daily Mail">Daily Mail</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:0-248">[248]</a> Emos and <a href="/wiki/Goth_subculture" title="Goth subculture">goths</a> were often distinguished by the stereotype that "emos <a href="/wiki/Self-hatred" title="Self-hatred">hate themselves</a>, while goths <a href="/wiki/Misanthropy" title="Misanthropy">hate everyone</a>."<a href="#cite_note-249">[249]</a> In 2020, <a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a> wrote on such stereotypes, that "emo was singled out for the destructive behaviour of teenagers who'd found a home in a subculture that offered them community and a vehicle for <a href="/wiki/Self-expression_values" title="Self-expression values">self-expression</a>."<a href="#cite_note-:2-199">[199]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversy_and_impact">Controversy and impact</h2></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Emo_boy_02_with_Girl.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="An emo girl and emo boy together outside." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Emo_boy_02_with_Girl.jpg/250px-Emo_boy_02_with_Girl.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Emo_boy_02_with_Girl.jpg/330px-Emo_boy_02_with_Girl.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1664" data-file-height="2496" /></a><figcaption>Two emo teens</figcaption></figure><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Suicide_in_music_subcultures" title="Suicide in music subcultures">Suicide in music subcultures</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/My_Chemical_Romance#Daily_Mail_controversy" title="My Chemical Romance">My Chemical Romance § Daily Mail controversy</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1224211176" /><div class="quotebox pullquote floatleft" style="width:25%; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> This is such a funny time... I think just because so much of this language, it's like a youth code where heavy topics like suicide, depression, self-harm, things like that were like being grappled with in the music, but very rarely in a way that glorified it... Their music was a way out of it, or offering hope — a way that people could process these things and deal with it. </blockquote> <div style="padding-bottom: 0; padding-top: 0.5em"><cite class="left-aligned" style="">Chris Payne, author of Where Are Your Boys Tonight?: The Oral History of Emo's Mainstream Explosion, as quoted by Amelia Eqbal of <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Canadian Broadcasting Corporation">CBC</a> (Jun 19, 2023) <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.cbc.ca/arts/commotion/5-things-we-learned-about-the-legacy-of-emo-music-from-author-chris-payne-1.6881146">[2]</a></cite></div> </div> In 2008, emo music was blamed for the <a href="/wiki/Suicide_by_hanging" title="Suicide by hanging">suicide by hanging</a> of British teenager Hannah Bond by the <a href="/wiki/Coroner" title="Coroner">coroner</a> at her inquest and her mother, Heather Bond, who suggested that the music and fandom glamorised <a href="/wiki/Suicide" title="Suicide">suicide</a>. They suggested Hannah's apparent obsession with <a href="/wiki/My_Chemical_Romance" title="My Chemical Romance">My Chemical Romance</a> was linked to her death. It was said at the inquest that she was part of an Internet "emo cult", and an image of an emo girl with bloody wrists was on her <a href="/wiki/Bebo" title="Bebo">Bebo</a> page.<a href="#cite_note-nme-250">[250]</a> Hannah reportedly told her parents that her self-harm was an "emo initiation ceremony".<a href="#cite_note-nme-250">[250]</a> Heather Bond criticised emo culture: "There are 'emo' websites that show pink teddies hanging themselves."<a href="#cite_note-nme-250">[250]</a> The coroner's statements were featured in a series of articles in the <a href="/wiki/Daily_Mail" title="Daily Mail">Daily Mail</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:0-248">[248]</a> After they were reported in <a href="/wiki/NME" title="NME">NME</a>, fans of emo music contacted the magazine to deny that it promoted self-harm and suicide. Hundreds of teenagers protested and marched to the offices of Daily Mail to voice their opposition. "The kids stood up to it. The kids won,"<a href="#cite_note-251">[251]</a><a href="#cite_note-252">[252]</a> My Chemical Romance reacted online: "We have recently learned of the suicide and tragic loss of Hannah Bond. We'd like to send our condolences to her family during this time of mourning. Our hearts and thoughts are with them".<a href="#cite_note-nme2-253">[253]</a> The band also posted that they "are and always have been vocally anti-violence and anti-suicide".<a href="#cite_note-nme2-253">[253]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a> later described the purported link and subsequent backlash against emo in the 2000s as a "<a href="/wiki/Moral_panic" title="Moral panic">moral panic</a>",<a href="#cite_note-254">[254]</a> while <a href="/wiki/Kerrang!" title="Kerrang!">Kerrang!</a> compared it to historic controversies involving <a href="/wiki/Judas_Priest" title="Judas Priest">Judas Priest</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ozzy_Osbourne" title="Ozzy Osbourne">Ozzy Osbourne</a>, unduly demonising the subculture, and poorly examining <a href="/wiki/Mental_health_issues" class="mw-redirect" title="Mental health issues">mental health issues</a> of young people.<a href="#cite_note-:0-248">[248]</a> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fuck_Emo_graffiti.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="See caption" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Fuck_Emo_graffiti.jpg/120px-Fuck_Emo_graffiti.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Fuck_Emo_graffiti.jpg/250px-Fuck_Emo_graffiti.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1224" data-file-height="1632" /></a><figcaption>"Fuck emo" graffiti in Mexico</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Warped_Tour" title="Warped Tour">Warped Tour</a> founder <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Lyman" title="Kevin Lyman">Kevin Lyman</a> said that there was a "real backlash" by bands on the tour against emo groups, but he dismissed the hostility as "juvenile".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDiehl201383-255">[255]</a> The backlash intensified, with anti-emo groups attacking teenagers in <a href="/wiki/Mexico_City" title="Mexico City">Mexico City</a>, <a href="/wiki/Santiago_de_Quer%C3%A9taro" class="mw-redirect" title="Santiago de Querétaro">Querétaro</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tijuana" title="Tijuana">Tijuana</a> in 2008.<a href="#cite_note-256">[256]</a><a href="#cite_note-257">[257]</a> Legislation was proposed in Russia's <a href="/wiki/Duma" title="Duma">Duma</a> regulating emo websites and banning emo attire in schools and government buildings, with the subculture perceived as a "dangerous teen trend" promoting anti-social behaviour, depression, social withdrawal and suicide.<a href="#cite_note-258">[258]</a><a href="#cite_note-259">[259]</a> The BBC reported that in March 2012, <a href="/wiki/Shia_Islam" title="Shia Islam">Shia</a> militias in <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> <a href="/wiki/Emo_killings_in_Iraq" title="Emo killings in Iraq">shot or beat to death</a> as many as 58 young Iraqi emos.<a href="#cite_note-260">[260]</a> Some <a href="/wiki/Heavy_metal_subculture" title="Heavy metal subculture">metalheads</a> and <a href="/wiki/Punk_subculture" title="Punk subculture">punks</a> often were known for disliking emos and criticizing the emo subculture.<a href="#cite_note-261">[261]</a> In 2025, a mollusk fossil was named after the genre as Emo vorticaudum. The name was chosen to reflect the distinct characteristics of the mollusk. According to Sanjana Gajbhiye of Earth.com, "[Emo] was named for its elongated, folded posture, which suggested unusual and unconventional ways of moving. Its name reflects individuality and adaptability, much like the cultural association with the emo style."<a href="#cite_note-262">[262]</a><a href="#cite_note-263">[263]</a><a href="#cite_note-264">[264]</a><a href="#cite_note-265">[265]</a><a href="#cite_note-266">[266]</a><a href="#cite_note-267">[267]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_emo_artists" title="List of emo artists">List of emo artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scene_(subculture)" title="Scene (subculture)">Scene (subculture)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-EmoAM-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EmoAM_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EmoAM_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EmoAM_1-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EmoAM_1-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EmoAM_1-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EmoAM_1-5">f</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/style/emo-ma0000004447">"Emo"</a>. <a href="/wiki/AllMusic" title="AllMusic">AllMusic</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200514163729/https://www.allmusic.com/style/emo-ma0000004447">Archived</a> from the original on May 14, 2020. Retrieved April 21, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AllMusic&rft.atitle=Emo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmusic.com%2Fstyle%2Femo-ma0000004447&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBryant2014134-2"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBryant2014134_2-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBryant2014">Bryant 2014</a>, p. 134. </li> <li id="cite_note-postHC-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-postHC_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-postHC_3-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCooper" class="citation web cs1">Cooper, Ryan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304063251/http://punkmusic.about.com/od/punktionary/g/posthardcore.htm">"Post-Hardcore – A Definition"</a>. <a href="/wiki/About.com" class="mw-redirect" title="About.com">About.com</a>. 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Retrieved July 12, 2016. <q>all emo is post-hardcore, but not all post-hardcore is emo.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Post-Hardcore+%E2%80%93+A+Definition&rft.pub=About.com&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpunkmusic.about.com%2Fod%2Fpunktionary%2Fg%2Fposthardcore.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-SubgenresofPunk-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SubgenresofPunk_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SubgenresofPunk_4-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCooper" class="citation web cs1">Cooper, Ryan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/subgenres-of-punk-rock-2803348">"The Subgenres of Punk Rock"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ThoughtCo" class="mw-redirect" title="ThoughtCo">ThoughtCo</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180613234248/https://www.thoughtco.com/subgenres-of-punk-rock-2803348">Archived</a> from the original on June 13, 2018. Retrieved August 9, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Subgenres+of+Punk+Rock&rft.pub=ThoughtCo&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thoughtco.com%2Fsubgenres-of-punk-rock-2803348&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEqbal2023" class="citation web cs1">Eqbal, Amelia (June 19, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/arts/commotion/5-things-we-learned-about-the-legacy-of-emo-music-from-author-chris-payne-1.6881146">"5 things we learned about the legacy of emo music from author Chris Payne"</a>. CBC News. 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August 15, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211031042600/https://fansided.com/2018/08/15/fourth-wave-emo-revival-bands-tours-definition-music-songs/">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2021. Retrieved October 31, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=In+its+fourth+wave%2C+emo+is+revived+and+thriving&rft.date=2018-08-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffansided.com%2F2018%2F08%2F15%2Ffourth-wave-emo-revival-bands-tours-definition-music-songs%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vulture.com/article/best-emo-songs.html">"100 Best Emo Songs of All Time"</a>. February 13, 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200213181251/https://www.vulture.com/article/best-emo-songs.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved October 31, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=100+Best+Emo+Songs+of+All+Time&rft.date=2020-02-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vulture.com%2Farticle%2Fbest-emo-songs.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSong2023" class="citation web cs1">Song, Sandra (December 29, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/style/emo-music-bands-negatives-photos/index.html">"In photos: The angsty era of emo music"</a>. CNN. Retrieved March 29, 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=In+photos%3A+The+angsty+era+of+emo+music&rft.date=2023-12-29&rft.aulast=Song&rft.aufirst=Sandra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2Fstyle%2Femo-music-bands-negatives-photos%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1">CBC <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/arts/commotion/5-things-we-learned-about-the-legacy-of-emo-music-from-author-chris-payne-1.6881146">https://www.cbc.ca/arts/commotion/5-things-we-learned-about-the-legacy-of-emo-music-from-author-chris-payne-1.6881146</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CBC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Farts%2Fcommotion%2F5-things-we-learned-about-the-legacy-of-emo-music-from-author-chris-payne-1.6881146&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> <code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#citation_missing_title" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHickie" class="citation web cs1">Hickie, James. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.altpress.com/bands-mistaken-as-emo/">"9 bands commonly mistaken as emo who really aren't"</a>. Alternative Press Magazine. Retrieved March 29, 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Alternative+Press+Magazine&rft.atitle=9+bands+commonly+mistaken+as+emo+who+really+aren%E2%80%99t&rft.aulast=Hickie&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.altpress.com%2Fbands-mistaken-as-emo%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPayne2023" class="citation book cs1">Payne, Chris (2023). Where Are Your Boys Tonight? The Oral History of Emo's Mainstream Explosion 1999-2008. Dey Street Books. p. 109. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780063251281" title="Special:BookSources/9780063251281"><bdi>9780063251281</bdi></a>. <q>Our scene was all honesty and grit and basements and connection. And that scene was, like, drugs, and sort of the revival of glam rock. They were like rock stars. They wore ripped clothes; they were selling what we were doing. But they weren't living it, you know? That's where "emo" as a dirty word I feel comes from, from hipsters, because it's not as cool as the Strokes. Nothing's as cool as the Strokes, though, you know what I mean? The Strokes are like, the coolest band. They just sell cool. To this day, so many people try to fight off that emo tag. It's because of those early 2000s hipsters thinking it's not cool.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Where+Are+Your+Boys+Tonight%3F+The+Oral+History+of+Emo%27s+Mainstream+Explosion+1999-2008&rft.pages=109&rft.pub=Dey+Street+Books&rft.date=2023&rft.isbn=9780063251281&rft.aulast=Payne&rft.aufirst=Chris&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nme.com/news/music/my-chemical-romance-165-1342656">"My Chemical Romance brand emo 'shit'"</a>. NME. September 20, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200327004114/https://www.nme.com/news/music/my-chemical-romance-165-1342656">Archived</a> from the original on March 27, 2020. Retrieved April 21, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NME&rft.atitle=My+Chemical+Romance+brand+emo+%27shit%27&rft.date=2007-09-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nme.com%2Fnews%2Fmusic%2Fmy-chemical-romance-165-1342656&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nme.com/news/nme/24758">"Panic! At The Disco declare emo "Bullshit!" The band reject "weak" stereotype"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NME" title="NME">NME</a>. October 18, 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101228145612/http://www.nme.com/news/nme/24758">Archived</a> from the original on December 28, 2010. Retrieved August 10, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NME&rft.atitle=Panic%21+At+The+Disco+declare+emo+%22Bullshit%21%22+The+band+reject+%22weak%22+stereotype&rft.date=2006-10-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nme.com%2Fnews%2Fnme%2F24758&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rocksound.tv/news/read/adam-lazarra-on-taking-back-sunday-on-being-classified-as-emo-i-never-consi">"Adam Lazzara On Taking Back Sunday Being Classified As Emo "I Never Considered Us An Emo Band""</a>. Rock Sound. August 21, 2019. Retrieved August 24, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Adam+Lazzara+On+Taking+Back+Sunday+Being+Classified+As+Emo+%22I+Never+Considered+Us+An+Emo+Band%22&rft.pub=Rock+Sound&rft.date=2019-08-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rocksound.tv%2Fnews%2Fread%2Fadam-lazarra-on-taking-back-sunday-on-being-classified-as-emo-i-never-consi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191103124934/http://drownedinsound.com/in_depth/4137393-if-this-is-the-world-we-helped-create-then-i-apologise-the-get-up-kids-get-back">""If this is the world we helped create, then I apologise." the Get up Kids, Get Back / In Depth // Drowned in Sound"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://drownedinsound.com/in_depth/4137393-if-this-is-the-world-we-helped-create-then-i-apologise-the-get-up-kids-get-back">the original</a> on November 3, 2019. Retrieved October 31, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22If+this+is+the+world+we+helped+create%2C+then+I+apologise.%22+the+Get+up+Kids%2C+Get+Back+%2F+In+Depth+%2F%2F+Drowned+in+Sound&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdrownedinsound.com%2Fin_depth%2F4137393-if-this-is-the-world-we-helped-create-then-i-apologise-the-get-up-kids-get-back&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicfeeds.com.au/features/davey-havok-insulting-term-emo-afi-will-probably-stay-together-til-theyre-old-rolling-stones/">"Davey Havok on the "Insulting" Term "Emo" and Why AFI Will Probably Stay Together 'Til They're as Old as the Rolling Stones"</a>. January 31, 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180825143400/http://musicfeeds.com.au/features/davey-havok-insulting-term-emo-afi-will-probably-stay-together-til-theyre-old-rolling-stones/">Archived</a> from the original on August 25, 2018. Retrieved October 31, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Davey+Havok+on+the+%22Insulting%22+Term+%22Emo%22+and+Why+AFI+Will+Probably+Stay+Together+%27Til+They%27re+as+Old+as+the+Rolling+Stones&rft.date=2017-01-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmusicfeeds.com.au%2Ffeatures%2Fdavey-havok-insulting-term-emo-afi-will-probably-stay-together-til-theyre-old-rolling-stones%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPrindle" class="citation web cs1">Prindle, Mark. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.markprindle.com/picciotto-i.htm">"Guy Picciotto interview"</a>. Retrieved August 24, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Guy+Picciotto+interview&rft.aulast=Prindle&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.markprindle.com%2Fpicciotto-i.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220806031219/https://www.mtv.com/news/8hasoc/sunny-day-real-estate-talks-about-the-emo-core-tag">"Sunny Day Real Estate Talks About the "Emo-Core" Tag"</a>. MTV. November 12, 1998. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mtv.com/news/8hasoc/sunny-day-real-estate-talks-about-the-emo-core-tag">the original</a> on August 6, 2022. Retrieved August 24, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sunny+Day+Real+Estate+Talks+About+the+%22Emo-Core%22+Tag&rft.pub=MTV&rft.date=1998-11-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mtv.com%2Fnews%2F8hasoc%2Fsunny-day-real-estate-talks-about-the-emo-core-tag&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mopop.org/programs-plus-education/programs/pop-conference/programs/oh-so-emo-panel/">"Oh So Emo - Panel"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211031042551/https://www.mopop.org/programs-plus-education/programs/pop-conference/programs/oh-so-emo-panel/">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2021. Retrieved October 31, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Oh+So+Emo+-+Panel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mopop.org%2Fprograms-plus-education%2Fprograms%2Fpop-conference%2Fprograms%2Foh-so-emo-panel%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://razorcake.org/sellout-the-major-label-feeding-frenzy-that-swept-punk-emo-and-hardcore-1994-2007-by-dan-ozzi-377-pgs/">"Sellout: The Major Label Feeding Frenzy That Swept Punk, Emo and Hardcore 1994-2007, by Dan Ozzi, 377 PGS. - Razorcake"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211031042552/https://razorcake.org/sellout-the-major-label-feeding-frenzy-that-swept-punk-emo-and-hardcore-1994-2007-by-dan-ozzi-377-pgs/?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=sellout-the-major-label-feeding-frenzy-that-swept-punk-emo-and-hardcore-1994-2007-by-dan-ozzi-377-pgs">Archived</a> from the original on October 31, 2021. Retrieved October 31, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sellout%3A+The+Major+Label+Feeding+Frenzy+That+Swept+Punk%2C+Emo+and+Hardcore+1994-2007%2C+by+Dan+Ozzi%2C+377+PGS.+-+Razorcake&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frazorcake.org%2Fsellout-the-major-label-feeding-frenzy-that-swept-punk-emo-and-hardcore-1994-2007-by-dan-ozzi-377-pgs%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nme.com/blogs/nme-blogs/emo-wave-guide-evolution-2302802">"The beginner's guide to the evolution of emo"</a>. <a href="/wiki/NME" title="NME">NME</a>. April 30, 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180813075941/https://www.nme.com/blogs/nme-blogs/emo-wave-guide-evolution-2302802">Archived</a> from the original on August 13, 2018. Retrieved August 13, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NME&rft.atitle=The+beginner%27s+guide+to+the+evolution+of+emo&rft.date=2018-04-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nme.com%2Fblogs%2Fnme-blogs%2Femo-wave-guide-evolution-2302802&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NewsTwentyFour-33">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NewsTwentyFour_33-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NewsTwentyFour_33-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.news24.com/xArchive/Archive/Emo-esque-huh-20020726">"Emo-esque, huh?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/News24_(website)" title="News24 (website)">News24</a>. July 26, 2002. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180812053008/https://www.news24.com/xArchive/Archive/Emo-esque-huh-20020726">Archived</a> from the original on August 12, 2018. 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Billboard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170309060544/http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/268678/exclusive-video-taking-back-sundays-latest-epic">Archived</a> from the original on March 9, 2017. Retrieved August 11, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Exclusive+Video%3A+Taking+Back+Sunday%27s+Latest+Epic&rft.date=2009-05-08&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=Mikael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Farticles%2Fnews%2F268678%2Fexclusive-video-taking-back-sundays-latest-epic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200388-135"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200388_135-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGreenwald2003">Greenwald 2003</a>, p. 88. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200368–69-136"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreenwald200368–69_136-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGreenwald2003">Greenwald 2003</a>, pp. 68–69. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald2003140–141-137"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreenwald2003140–141_137-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGreenwald2003">Greenwald 2003</a>, pp. 140–141. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald2003142-138"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreenwald2003142_138-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGreenwald2003">Greenwald 2003</a>, p. 142. </li> <li id="cite_note-United_StatesTaking_Back_SundayWhere_You_Want_To_BealbumCertRef-139"><a href="#cite_ref-United_StatesTaking_Back_SundayWhere_You_Want_To_BealbumCertRef_139-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=Taking+Back+Sunday&ti=Where+You+Want+To+Be&format=Album&type=#search_section">"American album certifications – Taking Back Sunday – Where You Want To Be"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Recording_Industry_Association_of_America" title="Recording Industry Association of America">Recording Industry Association of America</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=American+album+certifications+%E2%80%93+Taking+Back+Sunday+%E2%80%93+Where+You+Want+To+Be&rft.pub=Recording+Industry+Association+of+America&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.riaa.com%2Fgold-platinum%2F%3Ftab_active%3Ddefault-award%26ar%3DTaking%2BBack%2BSunday%26ti%3DWhere%2BYou%2BWant%2BTo%2BBe%26format%3DAlbum%26type%3D%23search_section&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/59665/taking-back-sunday-plans-spring-us-tour">"Taking Back Sunday Plans Spring U.S. Tour"</a>. Billboard. February 17, 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180812001447/https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/59665/taking-back-sunday-plans-spring-us-tour">Archived</a> from the original on August 12, 2018. Retrieved August 11, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Taking+Back+Sunday+Plans+Spring+U.S.+Tour&rft.date=2006-02-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Farticles%2Fnews%2F59665%2Ftaking-back-sunday-plans-spring-us-tour&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-United_StatesTaking_Back_SundayLouder_NowalbumCertRef-141"><a href="#cite_ref-United_StatesTaking_Back_SundayLouder_NowalbumCertRef_141-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=Taking+Back+Sunday&ti=Louder+Now&format=Album&type=#search_section">"American album certifications – Taking Back Sunday – Louder Now"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Recording_Industry_Association_of_America" title="Recording Industry Association of America">Recording Industry Association of America</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=American+album+certifications+%E2%80%93+Taking+Back+Sunday+%E2%80%93+Louder+Now&rft.pub=Recording+Industry+Association+of+America&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.riaa.com%2Fgold-platinum%2F%3Ftab_active%3Ddefault-award%26ar%3DTaking%2BBack%2BSunday%26ti%3DLouder%2BNow%26format%3DAlbum%26type%3D%23search_section&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald2003149–150-142"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreenwald2003149–150_142-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGreenwald2003">Greenwald 2003</a>, pp. 149–150. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGreenwald2003153–155-143"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGreenwald2003153–155_143-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGreenwald2003">Greenwald 2003</a>, pp. 153–155. </li> <li id="cite_note-bill-144"><a href="#cite_ref-bill_144-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.billboard.com/artist/thursday/chart-history/">"Artist Chart History – Thursday – Albums"</a> Billboard. </li> <li id="cite_note-ScreamoAM-145">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ScreamoAM_145-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScreamoAM_145-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScreamoAM_145-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScreamoAM_145-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScreamoAM_145-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScreamoAM_145-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScreamoAM_145-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ScreamoAM_145-7">h</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180728072619/https://www.allmusic.com/style/screamo-ma0000004448">"Explore style: Screamo"</a>. <a href="/wiki/AllMusic" title="AllMusic">AllMusic</a> Music Guide. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/style/screamo-ma0000004448">the original</a> on July 28, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AllMusic+Music+Guide&rft.atitle=Explore+style%3A+Screamo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmusic.com%2Fstyle%2Fscreamo-ma0000004448&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLake2015" class="citation web cs1">Lake, Dave (December 2, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.browardpalmbeach.com/music/senses-fail-singer-buddy-nielsen-blames-apathy-for-breeding-garbage-like-donald-trump-7430154">"Senses Fail Singer Buddy Nielsen Blames Apathy for Breeding "Garbage Like Donald Trump""</a>. <a href="/wiki/New_Times_Broward-Palm_Beach" title="New Times Broward-Palm Beach">New Times Broward-Palm Beach</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180722011344/https://www.browardpalmbeach.com/music/senses-fail-singer-buddy-nielsen-blames-apathy-for-breeding-garbage-like-donald-trump-7430154">Archived</a> from the original on July 22, 2018. Retrieved July 21, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Times+Broward-Palm+Beach&rft.atitle=Senses+Fail+Singer+Buddy+Nielsen+Blames+Apathy+for+Breeding+%22Garbage+Like+Donald+Trump%22&rft.date=2015-12-02&rft.aulast=Lake&rft.aufirst=Dave&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.browardpalmbeach.com%2Fmusic%2Fsenses-fail-singer-buddy-nielsen-blames-apathy-for-breeding-garbage-like-donald-trump-7430154&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAlex_Henderson" class="citation web cs1">Alex Henderson. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/album/let-it-enfold-you-r793934/review">"Let It Enfold You"</a>. <a href="/wiki/AllMusic" title="AllMusic">AllMusic</a>. Retrieved December 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AllMusic&rft.atitle=Let+It+Enfold+You&rft.au=Alex+Henderson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmusic.com%2Falbum%2Flet-it-enfold-you-r793934%2Freview&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAndrew_Leahey" class="citation web cs1">Andrew Leahey. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/album/life-is-not-a-waiting-room-r1432491/review">"Life Is Not a Waiting Room"</a>. <a href="/wiki/AllMusic" title="AllMusic">AllMusic</a>. Retrieved December 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AllMusic&rft.atitle=Life+Is+Not+a+Waiting+Room&rft.au=Andrew+Leahey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmusic.com%2Falbum%2Flife-is-not-a-waiting-room-r1432491%2Freview&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-United_StatesUnderoathThey're_Only_Chasing_SafetyalbumCertRef-149"><a href="#cite_ref-United_StatesUnderoathThey're_Only_Chasing_SafetyalbumCertRef_149-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=Underoath&ti=They%27re+Only+Chasing+Safety&format=Album&type=#search_section">"American album certifications – Underoath – They're Only Chasing Safety"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Recording_Industry_Association_of_America" title="Recording Industry Association of America">Recording Industry Association of America</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=American+album+certifications+%E2%80%93+Underoath+%E2%80%93+They%27re+Only+Chasing+Safety&rft.pub=Recording+Industry+Association+of+America&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.riaa.com%2Fgold-platinum%2F%3Ftab_active%3Ddefault-award%26ar%3DUnderoath%26ti%3DThey%2527re%2BOnly%2BChasing%2BSafety%26format%3DAlbum%26type%3D%23search_section&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-United_StatesUnderoathDefine_the_Great_LinealbumCertRef-150"><a href="#cite_ref-United_StatesUnderoathDefine_the_Great_LinealbumCertRef_150-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=Underoath&ti=Define+the+Great+Line&format=Album&type=#search_section">"American album certifications – Underoath – Define the Great Line"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Recording_Industry_Association_of_America" title="Recording Industry Association of America">Recording Industry Association of America</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=American+album+certifications+%E2%80%93+Underoath+%E2%80%93+Define+the+Great+Line&rft.pub=Recording+Industry+Association+of+America&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.riaa.com%2Fgold-platinum%2F%3Ftab_active%3Ddefault-award%26ar%3DUnderoath%26ti%3DDefine%2Bthe%2BGreat%2BLine%26format%3DAlbum%26type%3D%23search_section&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-United_StatesThe_UsedThe_UsedalbumCertRef-151"><a href="#cite_ref-United_StatesThe_UsedThe_UsedalbumCertRef_151-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=The+Used&ti=The+Used&format=Album&type=#search_section">"American album certifications – The Used – The Used"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Recording_Industry_Association_of_America" title="Recording Industry Association of America">Recording Industry Association of America</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=American+album+certifications+%E2%80%93+The+Used+%E2%80%93+The+Used&rft.pub=Recording+Industry+Association+of+America&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.riaa.com%2Fgold-platinum%2F%3Ftab_active%3Ddefault-award%26ar%3DThe%2BUsed%26ti%3DThe%2BUsed%26format%3DAlbum%26type%3D%23search_section&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-GuitarHeroes-152"><a href="#cite_ref-GuitarHeroes_152-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLeebove2009" class="citation magazine cs1">Leebove, Laura (August 22, 2009). "Guitar Heroes". Billboard. Vol. 121, no. 33. <a href="/wiki/Nielsen_Business_Media,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Nielsen Business Media, Inc.">Nielsen Business Media, Inc.</a> p. 31. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0006-2510">0006-2510</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Guitar+Heroes&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=33&rft.pages=31&rft.date=2009-08-22&rft.issn=0006-2510&rft.aulast=Leebove&rft.aufirst=Laura&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-United_StatesThe_UsedIn_Love_and_DeathalbumCertRef-153"><a href="#cite_ref-United_StatesThe_UsedIn_Love_and_DeathalbumCertRef_153-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=The+Used&ti=In+Love+and+Death&format=Album&type=#search_section">"American album certifications – The Used – In Love and Death"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Recording_Industry_Association_of_America" title="Recording Industry Association of America">Recording Industry Association of America</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=American+album+certifications+%E2%80%93+The+Used+%E2%80%93+In+Love+and+Death&rft.pub=Recording+Industry+Association+of+America&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.riaa.com%2Fgold-platinum%2F%3Ftab_active%3Ddefault-award%26ar%3DThe%2BUsed%26ti%3DIn%2BLove%2Band%2BDeath%26format%3DAlbum%26type%3D%23search_section&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCohen2007" class="citation magazine cs1">Cohen, Jonathan (January 2, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/1063528/live-cddvd-to-precede-new-used-album">"Live CD/DVD To Precede New Used Album"</a>. Billboard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180809060607/https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/1063528/live-cddvd-to-precede-new-used-album">Archived</a> from the original on August 9, 2018. Retrieved August 11, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Live+CD%2FDVD+To+Precede+New+Used+Album&rft.date=2007-01-02&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Farticles%2Fnews%2F1063528%2Flive-cddvd-to-precede-new-used-album&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CanadaAlexisonfireAlexisonfirealbumCertRef-155"><a href="#cite_ref-CanadaAlexisonfireAlexisonfirealbumCertRef_155-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musiccanada.com/gold-platinum/?_gp_search=Alexisonfire%20Alexisonfire">"Canadian album certifications – Alexisonfire – Alexisonfire"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Music_Canada" title="Music Canada">Music Canada</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Canadian+album+certifications+%E2%80%93+Alexisonfire+%E2%80%93+Alexisonfire&rft.pub=Music+Canada&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmusiccanada.com%2Fgold-platinum%2F%3F_gp_search%3DAlexisonfire%2520Alexisonfire&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CanadaAlexisonfireWatch_Out!albumCertRef-156"><a href="#cite_ref-CanadaAlexisonfireWatch_Out!albumCertRef_156-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musiccanada.com/gold-platinum/?_gp_search=Watch+Out%21%20Alexisonfire">"Canadian album certifications – Alexisonfire – Watch Out!"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Music_Canada" title="Music Canada">Music Canada</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Canadian+album+certifications+%E2%80%93+Alexisonfire+%E2%80%93+Watch+Out%21&rft.pub=Music+Canada&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmusiccanada.com%2Fgold-platinum%2F%3F_gp_search%3DWatch%2BOut%2521%2520Alexisonfire&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CanadaAlexisonfireCrisisalbumCertRef-157"><a href="#cite_ref-CanadaAlexisonfireCrisisalbumCertRef_157-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musiccanada.com/gold-platinum/?_gp_search=Crisis%20Alexisonfire">"Canadian album certifications – Alexisonfire – Crisis"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Music_Canada" title="Music Canada">Music Canada</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Canadian+album+certifications+%E2%80%93+Alexisonfire+%E2%80%93+Crisis&rft.pub=Music+Canada&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmusiccanada.com%2Fgold-platinum%2F%3F_gp_search%3DCrisis%2520Alexisonfire&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-CanadaAlexisonfireOld_Crows_/_Young_CardinalsalbumCertRef-158"><a href="#cite_ref-CanadaAlexisonfireOld_Crows_/_Young_CardinalsalbumCertRef_158-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musiccanada.com/gold-platinum/?_gp_search=Old+Crows+%2F+Young+Cardinals%20Alexisonfire">"Canadian album certifications – Alexisonfire – Old Crows / Young Cardinals"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Music_Canada" title="Music Canada">Music Canada</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Canadian+album+certifications+%E2%80%93+Alexisonfire+%E2%80%93+Old+Crows+%2F+Young+Cardinals&rft.pub=Music+Canada&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmusiccanada.com%2Fgold-platinum%2F%3F_gp_search%3DOld%2BCrows%2B%252F%2BYoung%2BCardinals%2520Alexisonfire&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSpanos2016" class="citation magazine cs1">Spanos, Brittany (July 21, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/my-chemical-romance-plots-black-parade-reissue-for-10th-anniversary-104098/">"My Chemical Romance Plots 'Black Parade' Reissue for 10th Anniversary"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180813075731/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/my-chemical-romance-plots-black-parade-reissue-for-10th-anniversary-104098/">Archived</a> from the original on August 13, 2018. Retrieved August 12, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rolling+Stone&rft.atitle=My+Chemical+Romance+Plots+%27Black+Parade%27+Reissue+for+10th+Anniversary&rft.date=2016-07-21&rft.aulast=Spanos&rft.aufirst=Brittany&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollingstone.com%2Fmusic%2Fmusic-news%2Fmy-chemical-romance-plots-black-parade-reissue-for-10th-anniversary-104098%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-MCRBio-160"><a href="#cite_ref-MCRBio_160-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLeahey" class="citation web cs1">Leahey, Andrew. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/artist/my-chemical-romance-mn0000520545/biography">"My Chemical Romance | Biography & History"</a>. <a href="/wiki/AllMusic" title="AllMusic">AllMusic</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180718030953/https://www.allmusic.com/artist/my-chemical-romance-mn0000520545/biography">Archived</a> from the original on July 18, 2018. Retrieved August 12, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AllMusic&rft.atitle=My+Chemical+Romance+%7C+Biography+%26+History&rft.aulast=Leahey&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmusic.com%2Fartist%2Fmy-chemical-romance-mn0000520545%2Fbiography&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-United_StatesMy_Chemical_RomanceThree_Cheers_for_Sweet_RevengealbumCertRef-161"><a href="#cite_ref-United_StatesMy_Chemical_RomanceThree_Cheers_for_Sweet_RevengealbumCertRef_161-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=My+Chemical+Romance&ti=Three+Cheers+for+Sweet+Revenge&format=Album&type=#search_section">"American album certifications – My Chemical Romance – Three Cheers for Sweet Revenge"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Recording_Industry_Association_of_America" title="Recording Industry Association of America">Recording Industry Association of America</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=American+album+certifications+%E2%80%93+My+Chemical+Romance+%E2%80%93+Three+Cheers+for+Sweet+Revenge&rft.pub=Recording+Industry+Association+of+America&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.riaa.com%2Fgold-platinum%2F%3Ftab_active%3Ddefault-award%26ar%3DMy%2BChemical%2BRomance%26ti%3DThree%2BCheers%2Bfor%2BSweet%2BRevenge%26format%3DAlbum%26type%3D%23search_section&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHarris2006" class="citation web cs1">Harris, Chris (November 1, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150220134815/http://www.mtv.com/news/1544562/hannah-montana-rains-on-my-chemical-romances-parade/">"Hannah Montana Rains On My Chemical Romance's Parade"</a>. <a href="/wiki/MTV" title="MTV">MTV</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mtv.com/news/1544562/hannah-montana-rains-on-my-chemical-romances-parade/">the original</a> on February 20, 2015. Retrieved June 4, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hannah+Montana+Rains+On+My+Chemical+Romance%27s+Parade&rft.pub=MTV&rft.date=2006-11-01&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mtv.com%2Fnews%2F1544562%2Fhannah-montana-rains-on-my-chemical-romances-parade%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-United_StatesMy_Chemical_RomanceThe_Black_ParadealbumCertRef-163"><a href="#cite_ref-United_StatesMy_Chemical_RomanceThe_Black_ParadealbumCertRef_163-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=My+Chemical+Romance&ti=The+Black+Parade&format=Album&type=#search_section">"American album certifications – My Chemical Romance – The Black Parade"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Recording_Industry_Association_of_America" title="Recording Industry Association of America">Recording Industry Association of America</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=American+album+certifications+%E2%80%93+My+Chemical+Romance+%E2%80%93+The+Black+Parade&rft.pub=Recording+Industry+Association+of+America&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.riaa.com%2Fgold-platinum%2F%3Ftab_active%3Ddefault-award%26ar%3DMy%2BChemical%2BRomance%26ti%3DThe%2BBlack%2BParade%26format%3DAlbum%26type%3D%23search_section&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOBSales-164">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOBSales_164-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOBSales_164-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/1537641/fall-out-boy-to-save-rock-and-roll-in-may">"Fall Out Boy to 'Save Rock and Roll' in May"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)" title="Billboard (magazine)">Billboard</a>. February 4, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140907015458/http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/1537641/fall-out-boy-to-save-rock-and-roll-in-may">Archived</a> from the original on September 7, 2014. Retrieved April 21, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Fall+Out+Boy+to+%27Save+Rock+and+Roll%27+in+May&rft.date=2013-02-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Farticles%2Fnews%2F1537641%2Ffall-out-boy-to-save-rock-and-roll-in-may&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHasty2007" class="citation magazine cs1">Hasty, Katie (February 14, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/1054981/fall-out-boy-hits-high-note-with-no-1-debut">"Fall Out Boy Hits 'High' Note With No. 1 Debut"</a>. Billboard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130305115440/http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/1054981/fall-out-boy-hits-high-note-with-no-1-debut">Archived</a> from the original on March 5, 2013. Retrieved April 21, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Fall+Out+Boy+Hits+%27High%27+Note+With+No.+1+Debut&rft.date=2007-02-14&rft.aulast=Hasty&rft.aufirst=Katie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Farticles%2Fnews%2F1054981%2Ffall-out-boy-hits-high-note-with-no-1-debut&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FallOutBoyChartHistory-166"><a href="#cite_ref-FallOutBoyChartHistory_166-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.billboard.com/artist/fall-out-boy/chart-history/hot-100">"Fall Out Boy – Chart History"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)" title="Billboard (magazine)">Billboard</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Fall+Out+Boy+%E2%80%93+Chart+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Fartist%2Ffall-out-boy%2Fchart-history%2Fhot-100&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-United_StatesPanic!_at_the_DiscoA_Fever_You_Can't_Sweat_OutalbumCertRef-167"><a href="#cite_ref-United_StatesPanic!_at_the_DiscoA_Fever_You_Can't_Sweat_OutalbumCertRef_167-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.riaa.com/gold-platinum/?tab_active=default-award&ar=Panic%21+at+the+Disco&ti=A+Fever+You+Can%27t+Sweat+Out&format=Album&type=#search_section">"American album certifications – Panic! at the Disco – A Fever You Can't Sweat Out"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Recording_Industry_Association_of_America" title="Recording Industry Association of America">Recording Industry Association of America</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=American+album+certifications+%E2%80%93+Panic%21+at+the+Disco+%E2%80%93+A+Fever+You+Can%27t+Sweat+Out&rft.pub=Recording+Industry+Association+of+America&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.riaa.com%2Fgold-platinum%2F%3Ftab_active%3Ddefault-award%26ar%3DPanic%2521%2Bat%2Bthe%2BDisco%26ti%3DA%2BFever%2BYou%2BCan%2527t%2BSweat%2BOut%26format%3DAlbum%26type%3D%23search_section&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.billboard.com/artist/panic-at-the-disco/chart-history/hot-100">"Panic! at the Disco – Chart History"</a>. Billboard.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Billboard&rft.atitle=Panic%21+at+the+Disco+%E2%80%93+Chart+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Fartist%2Fpanic-at-the-disco%2Fchart-history%2Fhot-100&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGalil2009" class="citation web cs1">Galil, Leor (July 14, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090819123128/http://thephoenix.com/boston/music/86395-scrunk-happens/">"Scrunk happens"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Phoenix_(newspaper)" title="The Phoenix (newspaper)">The Phoenix</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thephoenix.com/boston/music/86395-scrunk-happens/">the original</a> on August 19, 2009. Retrieved August 12, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Phoenix&rft.atitle=Scrunk+happens&rft.date=2009-07-14&rft.aulast=Galil&rft.aufirst=Leor&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthephoenix.com%2Fboston%2Fmusic%2F86395-scrunk-happens%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-EmoAlbumsRollingStone-170"><a href="#cite_ref-EmoAlbumsRollingStone_170-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBayerBurgessExpositoGalil2016" class="citation magazine cs1">Bayer, Jonah; Burgess, Aaron; Exposito, Suzy; Galil, Leor; Montgomery, James; Spanos, Brittany (March 1, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/40-greatest-emo-albums-of-all-time-23526/">"40 Greatest Emo Albums of All Time"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210330213951/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/40-greatest-emo-albums-of-all-time-23526/">Archived</a> from the original on March 30, 2021. 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Retrieved March 12, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Iraqi+%27emo%27+youths+reportedly+killed+by+conservative+militias&rft.date=2012-03-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-middle-east-17333275&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-261"><a href="#cite_ref-261">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWells2008" class="citation web cs1">Wells, Steven (April 1, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/music/musicblog/2008/apr/01/themexicanemocalypse">"The Mexican emocalypse"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191222002915/https://www.theguardian.com/music/musicblog/2008/apr/01/themexicanemocalypse">Archived</a> from the original on December 22, 2019. Retrieved December 21, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+Mexican+emocalypse&rft.date=2008-04-01&rft.aulast=Wells&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmusic%2Fmusicblog%2F2008%2Fapr%2F01%2Fthemexicanemocalypse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-262"><a href="#cite_ref-262">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.earth.com/news/fossils-called-punk-and-emo-rewrite-the-story-of-mollusk-evolution/">"Fossils called Punk and Emo rewrite the story of mollusk evolution"</a>. Earth.com. Retrieved February 11, 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Earth.com&rft.atitle=Fossils+called+Punk+and+Emo+rewrite+the+story+of+mollusk+evolution&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.earth.com%2Fnews%2Ffossils-called-punk-and-emo-rewrite-the-story-of-mollusk-evolution%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-263"><a href="#cite_ref-263">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://phys.org/news/2025-01-discovery-punk-emo-fossils-ancient.html">"Discovery of 'Punk' and 'Emo' fossils challenges our understanding of ancient mollusks"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Discovery+of+%27Punk%27+and+%27Emo%27+fossils+challenges+our+understanding+of+ancient+mollusks&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fphys.org%2Fnews%2F2025-01-discovery-punk-emo-fossils-ancient.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-264"><a href="#cite_ref-264">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMagazineBassi" class="citation web cs1">Magazine, Smithsonian; Bassi, Margherita. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/meet-punk-and-emo-two-angsty-looking-fossils-from-430-million-years-ago-that-shed-light-on-early-mollusk-evolution-180985795/">"Meet Punk and Emo, Two Angsty-Looking Fossils From 430 Million Years Ago That Shed Light on Early Mollusk Evolution"</a>. Smithsonian Magazine. 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New Scientist. Retrieved February 11, 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Scientist&rft.atitle=Punk+and+Emo+fossils+rock+our+ideas+of+how+ancient+molluscs+looked&rft.aulast=Simms&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newscientist.com%2Farticle%2F2463193-punk-and-emo-fossils-rock-our-ideas-of-how-ancient-molluscs-looked%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-266"><a href="#cite_ref-266">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSuttonSigwartBriggsGueriau2025" class="citation journal cs1">Sutton, Mark D.; Sigwart, Julia D.; Briggs, Derek E. G.; Gueriau, Pierre; King, Andrew; Siveter, David J.; Siveter, Derek J. (January 8, 2025). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08312-0">"New Silurian aculiferan fossils reveal complex early history of Mollusca"</a>. Nature. 637 (8046): 631–636. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41586-024-08312-0">10.1038/s41586-024-08312-0</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1476-4687">1476-4687</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11735398">11735398</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=New+Silurian+aculiferan+fossils+reveal+complex+early+history+of+Mollusca&rft.volume=637&rft.issue=8046&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E631-%3C%2Fspan%3E636&rft.date=2025-01-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC11735398%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=1476-4687&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fs41586-024-08312-0&rft.aulast=Sutton&rft.aufirst=Mark+D.&rft.au=Sigwart%2C+Julia+D.&rft.au=Briggs%2C+Derek+E.+G.&rft.au=Gueriau%2C+Pierre&rft.au=King%2C+Andrew&rft.au=Siveter%2C+David+J.&rft.au=Siveter%2C+Derek+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2Fs41586-024-08312-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-267"><a href="#cite_ref-267">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/ckg3gvq42r4o">"Scientists discover 430 million-year-old mollusc fossils"</a>. www.bbc.com. January 10, 2025. Retrieved February 11, 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bbc.com&rft.atitle=Scientists+discover+430+million-year-old+mollusc+fossils&rft.date=2025-01-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2Fckg3gvq42r4o&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAdlerAdler2011" class="citation book cs1">Adler, Patricia A.; Adler, Peter (2011). 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Not the Life It Seems: The True Lives of My Chemical Romance. Da Capo Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-306-82350-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-306-82350-3"><bdi>978-0-306-82350-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Not+the+Life+It+Seems%3A+The+True+Lives+of+My+Chemical+Romance&rft.pub=Da+Capo+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-306-82350-3&rft.aulast=Bryant&rft.aufirst=Tom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDiehl2013" class="citation book cs1">Diehl, Matt (2013). My So-Called Punk: Green Day, Fall Out Boy, The Distillers, Bad Religion—How Neo-Punk Stage-Dived into the Mainstream. St. Martin's Griffin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781466853065" title="Special:BookSources/9781466853065"><bdi>9781466853065</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=My+So-Called+Punk%3A+Green+Day%2C+Fall+Out+Boy%2C+The+Distillers%2C+Bad+Religion%E2%80%94How+Neo-Punk+Stage-Dived+into+the+Mainstream&rft.pub=St.+Martin%27s+Griffin&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9781466853065&rft.aulast=Diehl&rft.aufirst=Matt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGreenwald2003" class="citation book cs1">Greenwald, Andy (2003). <a href="/wiki/Nothing_Feels_Good:_Punk_Rock,_Teenagers,_and_Emo" title="Nothing Feels Good: Punk Rock, Teenagers, and Emo">Nothing Feels Good: Punk Rock, Teenagers, and Emo</a>. <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, New York, U.S.: St. Martin's Griffin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-312-30863-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-312-30863-6"><bdi>978-0-312-30863-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nothing+Feels+Good%3A+Punk+Rock%2C+Teenagers%2C+and+Emo&rft.place=New+York+City%2C+New+York%2C+U.S.&rft.pub=St.+Martin%27s+Griffin&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-312-30863-6&rft.aulast=Greenwald&rft.aufirst=Andy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHansen2009" class="citation book cs1">Hansen, Mark Victor (2009). 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Rivers' Edge: The Weezer Story. <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>, Ontario, Canada: <a href="/wiki/ECW_Press" title="ECW Press">ECW Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55022-619-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55022-619-5"><bdi>978-1-55022-619-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rivers%27+Edge%3A+The+Weezer+Story&rft.place=Toronto%2C+Ontario%2C+Canada&rft.pub=ECW+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-55022-619-5&rft.aulast=Luerssen&rft.aufirst=John+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSawyer2008" class="citation book cs1">Sawyer, Sarah (2008). Fall Out Boy. The Rosen Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781404218192" title="Special:BookSources/9781404218192"><bdi>9781404218192</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fall+Out+Boy&rft.pub=The+Rosen+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9781404218192&rft.aulast=Sawyer&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFShuker2017" class="citation book cs1">Shuker, Roy (2017). Popular Music: The Key Concepts. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781317189534" title="Special:BookSources/9781317189534"><bdi>9781317189534</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Popular+Music%3A+The+Key+Concepts&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9781317189534&rft.aulast=Shuker&rft.aufirst=Roy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWalker2016" class="citation book cs1">Walker, Matt (2016). Gainesville Punk: A History of Bands & Music. <a href="/wiki/Arcadia_Publishing" title="Arcadia Publishing">Arcadia Publishing</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781626197671" title="Special:BookSources/9781626197671"><bdi>9781626197671</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gainesville+Punk%3A+A+History+of+Bands+%26+Music&rft.pub=Arcadia+Publishing&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9781626197671&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Matt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEmo" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikiquote-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/40px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/60px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/120px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Emo" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Emo">Emo</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Emo" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Emo">Emo</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304101910/http://www.wonderingsound.com/list-hub/nothing-feels-good-an-album-by-album-emo-timeline/">Album by album emo timeline</a> at <a href="/wiki/Wondering_Sound" class="mw-redirect" title="Wondering Sound">Wondering Sound</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c8d9156r6pyo">Emos relive their teenage years in the noughties</a>. Published January 26, 2025. <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Emo63" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Emo" title="Template:Emo"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Emo" title="Template talk:Emo"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Emo" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Emo"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Emo63" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Emo</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subgenres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emo_pop" title="Emo pop">Emo pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emo_rap" title="Emo rap">Emo rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midwest_emo" title="Midwest emo">Midwest emo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screamo" title="Screamo">Screamo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crunkcore" title="Crunkcore">Crunkcore</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Backlash</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Emo_killings_in_Iraq" title="Emo killings in Iraq">Emo killings in Iraq</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_emo_artists" title="List of emo artists">List of emo artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emo_revival" title="Emo revival">Emo revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Is_This_Band_Emo%3F" title="Is This Band Emo?">Is This Band Emo?</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional scenes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Midwest_emo" title="Midwest emo">Midwestern United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Washington,_D.C.#Emo" title="Music of Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Portal</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hardcore_punk50" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hardcore_punk" title="Template:Hardcore punk"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hardcore_punk" title="Template talk:Hardcore punk"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hardcore_punk" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hardcore punk"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hardcore_punk50" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hardcore_punk" title="Hardcore punk">Hardcore punk</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Styles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bandana_thrash" title="Bandana thrash">Bandana thrash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatdown_hardcore" title="Beatdown hardcore">Beatdown hardcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_metal" title="Black metal">Black metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_hardcore" title="Christian hardcore">Christian hardcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossover_thrash" title="Crossover thrash">Crossover thrash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crunkcore" title="Crunkcore">Crunkcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crust_punk" title="Crust punk">Crust punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D-beat" title="D-beat">D-beat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deathcore" title="Deathcore">Deathcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deathgrind" title="Deathgrind">Deathgrind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_metal" title="Death metal">Death metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_hardcore" title="Digital hardcore">Digital hardcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronicore" title="Electronicore">Electronicore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goregrind" title="Goregrind">Goregrind</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pornogrind" title="Pornogrind">Pornogrind</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grindcore" title="Grindcore">Grindcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishnacore" title="Krishnacore">Krishnacore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathcore" title="Mathcore">Mathcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melodic_hardcore" title="Melodic hardcore">Melodic hardcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melodic_metalcore" title="Melodic metalcore">Melodic metalcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metalcore" title="Metalcore">Metalcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nardcore" class="mw-redirect" title="Nardcore">Nardcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nintendocore" title="Nintendocore">Nintendocore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-hardcore" title="Post-hardcore">Post-hardcore</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Emo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powerviolence" title="Powerviolence">Powerviolence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_metalcore" title="Progressive metalcore">Progressive metalcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queercore" title="Queercore">Queercore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riot_grrrl" title="Riot grrrl">Riot grrrl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screamo" title="Screamo">Screamo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ska_punk" title="Ska punk">Skacore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skate_punk" title="Skate punk">Skate punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sludge_metal" title="Sludge metal">Sludge metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speed_metal" title="Speed metal">Speed metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_punk" title="Street punk">Street punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taqwacore" title="Taqwacore">Taqwacore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrash_metal" title="Thrash metal">Thrash metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrashcore" title="Thrashcore">Thrashcore</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional scenes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buenos_Aires_Hardcore" title="Buenos Aires Hardcore">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_hardcore" title="Australian hardcore">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_in_Brazil" title="Punk in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_hardcore_punk" title="Canadian hardcore punk">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_punk" title="Greek punk">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_hardcore" title="Italian hardcore">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_hardcore" title="Japanese hardcore">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardcore_punk_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Hardcore punk in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_rock_in_Yugoslavia" title="Punk rock in Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston_hardcore" title="Boston hardcore">Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_rock_in_California" title="Punk rock in California">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_hardcore" title="Chicago hardcore">Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minneapolis_hardcore" title="Minneapolis hardcore">Minneapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_hardcore" title="New York hardcore">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C.,_hardcore" title="Washington, D.C., hardcore">Washington, D.C.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hardcore_punk_bands" title="List of hardcore punk bands">List of hardcore punk bands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hardcore_punk_subgenres" title="List of hardcore punk subgenres">List of hardcore punk subgenres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deathcore" title="Deathcore">Deathcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Do_it_yourself" title="Do it yourself">DIY ethic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardline_(subculture)" title="Hardline (subculture)">Hardline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardcore_skinhead" title="Hardcore skinhead">Hardcore skinhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_musicians_in_the_second_wave_of_punk_rock" title="List of musicians in the second wave of punk rock">List of musicians in the second wave of punk rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moshing" title="Moshing">Moshing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oi!" title="Oi!">Oi!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poseur" title="Poseur">Poseur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_ideologies" title="Punk ideologies">Punk ideologies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_rock" title="Punk rock">Punk rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_subculture" title="Punk subculture">Punk subculture</a> (includes section on hardcore)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straight_edge" title="Straight edge">Straight edge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youth_crew" title="Youth crew">Youth crew</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Punk_rock112" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Punk" title="Template:Punk"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Punk" title="Template talk:Punk"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Punk" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Punk"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Punk_rock112" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Punk_rock" title="Punk rock">Punk rock</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Precursors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garage_rock" title="Garage rock">Garage rock</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proto-punk" title="Proto-punk">Proto-punk</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subgenres and fusion genres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Two-tone_(music_genre)" title="Two-tone (music genre)">2 tone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-punk" title="Afro-punk">Afro-punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarcho-punk" title="Anarcho-punk">Anarcho-punk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crust_punk" title="Crust punk">Crust punk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crust_punk#Crack_rock_steady" title="Crust punk">Crack rock steady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crust_punk#Crustcore" title="Crust punk">Crustcore</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D-beat" title="D-beat">D-beat</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_punk" title="Art punk">Art punk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avant-punk" title="Avant-punk">Avant-punk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biker_metal" title="Biker metal">Biker metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_punk" title="Christian punk">Christian punk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_hardcore" title="Christian hardcore">Christian hardcore</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cowpunk" title="Cowpunk">Cowpunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance-punk" title="Dance-punk">Dance-punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_cabaret" title="Dark cabaret">Dark cabaret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg_punk" title="Egg punk">Egg punk</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Emo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emo_pop" title="Emo pop">Emo pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emo_rap" title="Emo rap">Emo rap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emo_revival" title="Emo revival">Emo revival</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_punk" title="Folk punk">Folk punk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-folk" title="Anti-folk">Anti-folk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_punk" title="Celtic punk">Celtic punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gypsy_punk" title="Gypsy punk">Gypsy punk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garage_punk_(fusion_genre)" title="Garage punk (fusion genre)">Garage punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glam_punk" title="Glam punk">Glam punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardcore_punk" title="Hardcore punk">Hardcore punk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beatdown_hardcore" title="Beatdown hardcore">Beatdown hardcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossover_thrash" title="Crossover thrash">Crossover thrash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_hardcore" title="Digital hardcore">Digital hardcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishnacore" title="Krishnacore">Krishnacore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melodic_hardcore" title="Melodic hardcore">Melodic hardcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metalcore" title="Metalcore">Metalcore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deathcore" title="Deathcore">Deathcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronicore" title="Electronicore">Electronicore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crunkcore" title="Crunkcore">Crunkcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nintendocore" title="Nintendocore">Nintendocore</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathcore" title="Mathcore">Mathcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melodic_metalcore" title="Melodic metalcore">Melodic metalcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_metalcore" title="Progressive metalcore">Progressive metalcore</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queercore" title="Queercore">Queercore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riot_grrrl" title="Riot grrrl">Riot grrrl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taqwacore" title="Taqwacore">Taqwacore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrashcore" title="Thrashcore">Thrashcore</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_punk" title="Horror punk">Horror punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latino_punk" title="Latino punk">Latino punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_punk" title="Nazi punk">Nazi punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_wave_music" title="New wave music">New wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oi!" title="Oi!">Oi!</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Street_punk" title="Street punk">Street punk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop-punk" title="Pop-punk">Pop-punk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Skate_punk" title="Skate punk">Skate punk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-hardcore" title="Post-hardcore">Post-hardcore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emo_revival" title="Emo revival">Emo revival</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-punk" title="Post-punk">Post-punk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ultra_(music)" title="Ultra (music)">Ultra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_music#Progressive_punk" title="Progressive music">Progressive punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychobilly" title="Psychobilly">Psychobilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_blues" title="Punk blues">Punk blues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_funk" title="Punk funk">Punk funk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_jazz" title="Punk jazz">Punk jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_rock_subgenres#Punk_metal" title="Punk rock subgenres">Punk metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_pathetique" title="Punk pathetique">Punk pathetique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_rap" title="Punk rap">Punk rap</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emo_rap" title="Emo rap">Emo rap</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reggae_punk" title="Reggae punk">Reggae punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ska_punk" title="Ska punk">Ska punk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Third_wave_ska" class="mw-redirect" title="Third wave ska">Third wave ska</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_punk" title="Street punk">Street punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surf_punk_(music_genre)" class="mw-redirect" title="Surf punk (music genre)">Surf punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_rock#Synth-punk" title="Electronic rock">Synth-punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_kei" title="Visual kei">Visual kei</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related genres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_rock" title="Alternative rock">Alternative rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_rock" title="Gothic rock">Gothic rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grebo_(music)" title="Grebo (music)">Grebo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grunge" title="Grunge">Grunge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_music" title="Industrial music">Industrial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noise_rock" title="Noise rock">Noise rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scene_(subculture)" title="Scene (subculture)">Scene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speed_metal" title="Speed metal">Speed metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrash_metal" title="Thrash metal">Thrash metal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Punk_rock_in_Australia" title="Punk rock in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_in_Brazil" title="Punk in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_punk_rock" title="Canadian punk rock">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_punk" title="Estonian punk">Estonia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Estonian_punk_bands" title="List of Estonian punk bands">List of bands</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_punk" title="French punk">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_punk" title="German punk">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_punk" title="Greek punk">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Punk" title="Dutch Punk">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_rock_in_Spain" title="Punk rock in Spain">Spain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basque_Radical_Rock" title="Basque Radical Rock">Basque Radical Rock</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_in_Sweden" title="Punk in Sweden">Sweden</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6nsrock" title="Könsrock">Könsrock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trallpunk" title="Trallpunk">Trallpunk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_punk_bands_from_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of punk bands from the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_punk" title="Celtic punk">Celtic punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_punk" title="Scottish Gaelic punk">Scottish Gaelic punk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_United_States#Rock,_metal,_and_punk" title="Music of the United States">United States</a> (<a href="/wiki/Punk_rock_in_California" title="Punk rock in California">California</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_rock_in_Yugoslavia" title="Punk rock in Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People and groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_1970s_punk_rock_musicians" title="List of 1970s punk rock musicians">First wave punk musicians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_musicians_in_the_second_wave_of_punk_rock" title="List of musicians in the second wave of punk rock">Second wave punk musicians</a></li> <li>List of punk bands <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_punk_rock_bands,_0%E2%80%93K" title="List of punk rock bands, 0–K">#–K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_punk_rock_bands,_L%E2%80%93Z" title="List of punk rock bands, L–Z">L–Z</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_punk_filmmakers" title="List of punk filmmakers">Punk filmmakers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_punk_rock" title="Women in punk rock">Women in punk rock</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_punk_rock_compilation_albums" title="List of punk rock compilation albums">List of punk compilation albums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_punk_rock_festivals" title="List of punk rock festivals">List of punk rock festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_rights_and_punk_subculture" title="Animal rights and punk subculture">Animal rights and punk subculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Punk" title="Conservative Punk">Conservative Punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Brian_Deneke" class="mw-redirect" title="Death of Brian Deneke">Death of Brian Deneke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Do_it_yourself" title="Do it yourself">DIY ethic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moshing" title="Moshing">Moshing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poseur" title="Poseur">Poseur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_subculture" title="Punk subculture">Punk subculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_fashion" title="Punk fashion">Punk fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_ideologies" title="Punk ideologies">Punk ideologies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_visual_art" title="Punk visual art">Punk visual art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_literature" title="Punk literature">Punk literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_zine" title="Punk zine">Punk zine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puntala-rock" title="Puntala-rock">Puntala-rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straight_edge" title="Straight edge">Straight edge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Punk film">Punk films</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_punk_films" title="List of punk films">List of punk films</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_punk_rock" title="Timeline of punk rock">Timeline of punk rock</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Alternative_rock234" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Alternative_rock" title="Template:Alternative rock"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Alternative_rock" title="Template talk:Alternative rock"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Alternative_rock" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Alternative rock"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Alternative_rock234" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Alternative_rock" title="Alternative rock">Alternative rock</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Precursors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jangle" title="Jangle">Jangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_rock" title="Punk rock">Punk rock</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avant-punk" title="Avant-punk">Avant-punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardcore_punk" title="Hardcore punk">Hardcore punk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Post-hardcore" title="Post-hardcore">Post-hardcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riot_grrrl" title="Riot grrrl">Riot grrrl</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_wave_music" title="New wave music">New wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noise_rock" title="Noise rock">Noise rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proto-punk" title="Proto-punk">Proto-punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-punk" title="Post-punk">Post-punk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_rock" title="Gothic rock">Gothic rock</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Alternative_rock_genres" title="Category:Alternative rock genres">Styles and fusion genres</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_country" title="Alternative country">Alternative country</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_country" title="Gothic country">Gothic country</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_dance" title="Alternative dance">Alternative dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britpop" title="Britpop">Britpop</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Post-Britpop" title="Post-Britpop">Post-Britpop</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_pop" title="Chamber pop">Chamber pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_alternative_rock" title="Christian alternative rock">Christian alternative rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_rock" title="College rock">College rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_cabaret" title="Dark cabaret">Dark cabaret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolewave" title="Dolewave">Dolewave</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Emo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geek_rock" title="Geek rock">Geek rock</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wizard_rock" title="Wizard rock">Wizard rock</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grebo_(music)" title="Grebo (music)">Grebo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grunge" title="Grunge">Grunge</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Post-grunge" title="Post-grunge">Post-grunge</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indie_rock" title="Indie rock">Indie rock</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indie_folk" title="Indie folk">Indie folk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jangle_pop" title="Jangle pop">Jangle pop</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dunedin_Sound" class="mw-redirect" title="Dunedin Sound">Dunedin Sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paisley_Underground" title="Paisley Underground">Paisley Underground</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Math_rock" title="Math rock">Math rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_rave" title="New rave">New rave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slowcore" title="Slowcore">Slowcore</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_rock" title="Industrial rock">Industrial rock</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_metal" title="Industrial metal">Industrial metal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_alternative" title="Latin alternative">Latin alternative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madchester" title="Madchester">Madchester</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baggy" title="Baggy">Baggy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangue_bit" title="Mangue bit">Mangue bit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-psychedelia" title="Neo-psychedelia">Neo-psychedelia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dream_pop" title="Dream pop">Dream pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoegaze" title="Shoegaze">Shoegaze</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blackgaze" title="Blackgaze">Blackgaze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nu_gaze" title="Nu gaze">Nu gaze</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_wave_of_new_wave" title="New wave of new wave">New wave of new wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noise_pop" title="Noise pop">Noise pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pagan_rock" title="Pagan rock">Pagan rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-punk_revival" title="Post-punk revival">Post-punk revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-rock" title="Post-rock">Post-rock</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Post-metal" title="Post-metal">Post-metal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slacker_rock" title="Slacker rock">Slacker rock</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Alternative_metal21" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Alternative_metal" title="Alternative metal">Alternative metal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Funk_metal" title="Funk metal">Funk metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neue_Deutsche_H%C3%A4rte" title="Neue Deutsche Härte">Neue Deutsche Härte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nu_metal" title="Nu metal">Nu metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rap_metal" title="Rap metal">Rap metal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_Airplay" title="Alternative Airplay">Alternative Airplay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anorak_(slang)" title="Anorak (slang)">Anorak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_alternative_rock_artists" title="List of alternative rock artists">Artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C86" title="C86">C86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campus_radio" title="Campus radio">Campus radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_music" title="Independent music">Independent music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indie_pop" title="Indie pop">Indie pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_record_label" title="Independent record label">Independent record label</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lo-fi_music" title="Lo-fi music">Lo-fi music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lollapalooza" title="Lollapalooza">Lollapalooza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outsider_music" title="Outsider music">Outsider music</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Alternative_rock" title="Category:Alternative rock">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Rock_music522" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Rock_music" title="Template:Rock music"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Rock_music" title="Template talk:Rock music"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Rock_music" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Rock music"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Rock_music522" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Rock_music" title="Rock music">Rock music</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beat_(music)#Backbeat" title="Beat (music)">Backbeat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distortion_(music)" title="Distortion (music)">Distortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Band_(rock_and_pop)" title="Band (rock and pop)">Rock band</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electric_guitar" title="Electric guitar">Electric guitar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bass_guitar" title="Bass guitar">Electric bass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhythm_section" title="Rhythm section">Rhythm section</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drum_kit" title="Drum kit">Drum kit</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Genres by decade of origin (sub-subgenres not included)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1950s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Instrumental_rock" title="Instrumental rock">Instrumental rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_rock" title="Latin rock">Latin rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop_rock" title="Pop rock">Pop rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_and_roll" title="Rock and roll">Rock and roll</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_rock_and_roll" title="British rock and roll">British</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockabilly" title="Rockabilly">Rockabilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surf_music" title="Surf music">Surf music</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1960s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anatolian_rock" title="Anatolian rock">Anatolian rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_rock" title="Art rock">Art rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baroque_pop" title="Baroque pop">Baroque rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beat_music" title="Beat music">Beat music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blues_rock" title="Blues rock">Blues rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boogie_rock" title="Boogie rock">Boogie rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_pop" title="Chamber pop">Chamber pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_rock" title="Christian rock">Christian rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_rock" title="Comedy rock">Comedy rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Country_rock" title="Country rock">Country rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_rock" title="Electronic rock">Electronic rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Experimental_rock" title="Experimental rock">Experimental rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flamenco_rock" title="Flamenco rock">Flamenco rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_rock" title="Folk rock">Folk rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garage_rock" title="Garage rock">Garage rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hard_rock" title="Hard rock">Hard rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavy_metal_music" title="Heavy metal music">Heavy metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jam_band" title="Jam band">Jam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jazz_fusion" title="Jazz fusion">Jazz rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krautrock" title="Krautrock">Krautrock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noise_rock" title="Noise rock">Noise rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occult_rock" title="Occult rock">Occult rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_rock" title="Progressive rock">Progressive rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychedelic_rock" title="Psychedelic rock">Psychedelic rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raga_rock" title="Raga rock">Raga rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roots_rock" title="Roots rock">Roots rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samba_rock" title="Samba rock">Samba rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soft_rock" title="Soft rock">Soft rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_rock" title="Southern rock">Southern rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_rock" title="Space rock">Space rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swamp_rock" title="Swamp rock">Swamp rock</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arena_rock" title="Arena rock">Arena rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cello_rock" title="Cello rock">Cello rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cock_rock" title="Cock rock">Cock rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance-rock" title="Dance-rock">Dance-rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funk_rock" title="Funk rock">Funk rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glam_rock" title="Glam rock">Glam rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heartland_rock" title="Heartland rock">Heartland rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_rock" title="Industrial rock">Industrial rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_wave_music" title="New wave music">New wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-progressive" title="Post-progressive">Post-progressive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-punk" title="Post-punk">Post-punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_pop" title="Power pop">Power pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pub_rock_(Australia)" title="Pub rock (Australia)">Pub rock (Australia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pub_rock_(United_Kingdom)" title="Pub rock (United Kingdom)">Pub rock (United Kingdom)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_rock" title="Punk rock">Punk rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shock_rock" title="Shock rock">Shock rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soft_rock" title="Soft rock">Soft rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_kei" title="Visual kei">Visual kei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yacht_rock" title="Yacht rock">Yacht rock</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_rock" title="Alternative rock">Alternative rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deathrock" title="Deathrock">Deathrock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dream_pop" title="Dream pop">Dream pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_rock" title="Gothic rock">Gothic rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grebo_(music)" title="Grebo (music)">Grebo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grunge" title="Grunge">Grunge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indie_rock" title="Indie rock">Indie rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jangle_pop" title="Jangle pop">Jangle pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rap_rock" title="Rap rock">Rap rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_kapak" title="Rock kapak">Rock kapak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoegaze" title="Shoegaze">Shoegaze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slacker_rock" title="Slacker rock">Slacker rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_rock" title="Tropical rock">Trop rock</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Britpop" title="Britpop">Britpop</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Emo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Math_rock" title="Math rock">Math rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-grunge" title="Post-grunge">Post-grunge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-rock" title="Post-rock">Post-rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoner_rock" title="Stoner rock">Stoner rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sufi_rock" title="Sufi rock">Sufi rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viking_rock" title="Viking rock">Viking rock</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional scenes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_rock" title="American rock">American</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palm_Desert_Scene" title="Palm Desert Scene">Palm Desert Scene</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_of_Canada" title="Rock music of Canada">Canadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Costa_Rica#Rock_music" title="Music of Costa Rica">Costa Rican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_rock" title="Cuban rock">Cuban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_rock" title="Dominican rock">Dominican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_rock" title="Haitian rock">Haitian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Mexico" title="Rock music in Mexico">Mexican</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicano_rock" title="Chicano rock">Chicano rock</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Music of Puerto Rico">Puerto Rican</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_rock" title="Argentine rock">Argentine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_rock" title="Brazilian rock">Brazilian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_thrash_metal" title="Brazilian thrash metal">Brazilian thrash metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samba_rock" title="Samba rock">Samba rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropic%C3%A1lia" title="Tropicália">Tropicália</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_rock" title="Chilean rock">Chilean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombian_rock" title="Colombian rock">Colombian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecuadorian_rock" title="Ecuadorian rock">Ecuadorian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_rock" title="Peruvian rock">Peruvian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguayan_rock" title="Uruguayan rock">Uruguayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuelan_rock" title="Venezuelan rock">Venezuelan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Albania" title="Rock music in Albania">Albanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Belarus" title="Rock music in Belarus">Belarusian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Belgium" title="Rock music in Belgium">Belgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Rock music in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_rock_music" title="British rock music">British</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_rock_and_roll" title="British rock and roll">British rock and roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britpop" title="Britpop">Britpop</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Post-Britpop" title="Post-Britpop">Post-Britpop</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Croatia#Rock" title="Music of Croatia">Croatian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Denmark" title="Rock music in Denmark">Danish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_the_Netherlands" title="Rock music in the Netherlands">Dutch</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indorock" title="Indorock">Indorock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nederbeat" title="Nederbeat">Nederbeat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra_(music)" title="Ultra (music)">Ultra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Estonia" title="Rock music in Estonia">Estonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Finland" title="Rock music in Finland">Finnish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_France" title="Rock music in France">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Germany" title="Rock music in Germany">German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Greece" title="Rock music in Greece">Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Hungary" title="Rock music in Hungary">Hungarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Iceland" title="Rock music in Iceland">Icelandic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Ireland" title="Rock music in Ireland">Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Italy" title="Rock music in Italy">Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Latvia" title="Rock music in Latvia">Latvian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Lithuania" title="Rock music in Lithuania">Lithuanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_North_Macedonia#Rock_music" title="Music of North Macedonia">Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Norway" title="Rock music in Norway">Norwegian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Poland" title="Rock music in Poland">Polish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Portugal" title="Rock music in Portugal">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Romania" title="Rock music in Romania">Romanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Russia" title="Rock music in Russia">Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Serbia" title="Rock music in Serbia">Serbian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Slovenia" title="Rock music in Slovenia">Slovenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Spain" title="Rock music in Spain">Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_music_in_Sweden" title="Popular music in Sweden">Swedish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Switzerland" title="Rock music in Switzerland">Swiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Ukraine" title="Rock music in Ukraine">Ukrainian</a></li> <li>Yugoslavian <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Popular_music_in_Yugoslavia#Art_rock" title="Popular music in Yugoslavia">Art rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_music_in_Yugoslavia#Hard_rock_and_heavy_metal" title="Popular music in Yugoslavia">Hard rock and heavy metal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Popular_music_in_Yugoslavia#Extreme_metal" title="Popular music in Yugoslavia">Extreme metal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_music_in_Yugoslavia#Neo-rockabilly" title="Popular music in Yugoslavia">Neo-rockabilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_wave_music_in_Yugoslavia" title="New wave music in Yugoslavia">New wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_music_in_Yugoslavia#Post-punk" title="Popular music in Yugoslavia">Post-punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_rock_in_Yugoslavia" title="Punk rock in Yugoslavia">Punk</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_rock" title="Armenian rock">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_rock" title="Azerbaijani rock">Azerbaijani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_rock" title="Bangladeshi rock">Bangladeshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Cambodia#Cambodian_rock_and_pop" title="Music of Cambodia">Cambodian</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cambodian_rock_(1960s%E2%80%931970s)" title="Cambodian rock (1960s–1970s)">1959–1975</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_rock" title="Chinese rock">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinoy_rock" title="Pinoy rock">Filipino</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bisrock" title="Bisrock">Bisrock</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_rock" title="Indian rock">Indian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_of_West_Bengal" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock music of West Bengal">Bengali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raga_rock" title="Raga rock">Raga</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_rock" title="Indonesian rock">Indonesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_rock" title="Iranian rock">Iranian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_rock" title="Israeli rock">Israeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_rock" title="Japanese rock">Japanese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Visual_kei" title="Visual kei">Visual kei</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_rock" title="Korean rock">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_rock" title="Malaysian rock">Malaysian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rock_kapak" title="Rock kapak">Rock kapak</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_rock" title="Nepalese rock">Nepalese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_rock" title="Pakistani rock">Pakistani</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sufi_rock" title="Sufi rock">Sufi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Russia" title="Rock music in Russia">Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_rock" title="Taiwanese rock">Taiwanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_rock" title="Thai rock">Thai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatolian_rock" title="Anatolian rock">Turkish</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Angola" title="Rock music in Angola">Angolan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desert_blues" title="Desert blues">Sahara desert region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zamrock" title="Zamrock">Zambian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_Australia" title="Rock music in Australia">Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_in_New_Zealand" title="Rock music in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Radio formats</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Active_rock" title="Active rock">Active rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adult_album_alternative" title="Adult album alternative">Adult album alternative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Album-oriented_rock" title="Album-oriented rock">Album-oriented rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classic_rock" title="Classic rock">Classic rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mainstream_rock" title="Mainstream rock">Mainstream rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_rock" title="Modern rock">Modern rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_rock_(radio_format)" title="Progressive rock (radio format)">Progressive rock (radio format)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>History</li><li>Culture</li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Invasion" title="British Invasion">British Invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_years_in_rock_music" title="List of years in rock music">List of years in rock music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Origins_of_rock_and_roll" title="Origins of rock and roll">Origins of rock and roll</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Country_music" title="Country music">Country music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">Jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhythm_and_blues" title="Rhythm and blues">Rhythm and blues</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronics_in_rock_music" title="Electronics in rock music">Electronics in rock music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_effects_of_rock_music" title="Social effects of rock music">Social effects</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rock_Against_Communism" title="Rock Against Communism">Rock Against Communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_Against_Racism" title="Rock Against Racism">Rock Against Racism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_Against_Sexism" title="Rock Against Sexism">Rock Against Sexism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_music_and_the_fall_of_communism" title="Rock music and the fall of communism">Rock music and the fall of communism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockism_and_poptimism" title="Rockism and poptimism">Rockism and poptimism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_rock" title="Women in rock">Women in rock</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beatlesque" title="Beatlesque">Beatlesque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rock_genres" title="List of rock genres">List of rock genres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorik" title="Motorik">Motorik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outlaw_country" title="Outlaw country">Outlaw country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_music" title="Progressive music">Progressive music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame" title="Rock and Roll Hall of Fame">Rock and Roll Hall of Fame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_concert" title="Rock concert">Rock concert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_festival" title="Rock festival">Rock festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_musical" title="Rock musical">Rock musical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_opera" title="Rock opera">Rock opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagnerian_rock" title="Wagnerian rock">Wagnerian rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wall_of_Sound" title="Wall of Sound">Wall of Sound</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" 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class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-7dbbdd594f-wfxsp","wgBackendResponseTime":340,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"2.023","walltime":"2.231","ppvisitednodes":{"value":26238,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":535085,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":25839,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":12,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":18,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":841661,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1821.403 1 -total"," 41.82% 761.656 1 Template:Reflist"," 27.07% 493.084 132 Template:Cite_web"," 15.72% 286.305 110 Template:Sfn"," 11.47% 208.909 21 Template:Certification_Cite_Ref"," 9.43% 171.694 21 Template:Cite_certification"," 5.03% 91.681 23 Template:Cite_magazine"," 4.26% 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[\"CITEREFCohen2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCollar\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFConnick2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCooper\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFCoplan2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCrane2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDePasquale\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDeRogatis2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDeVille2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDiehl2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDucker2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEdwards2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEqbal2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFErlewine\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFutterman\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGalil2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGalil2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGormelly\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGreen2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGreenwald2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGrillo2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHansen2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHarris2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHasty2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHeaney\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHeller2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHickie\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHockley-Smith2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKhanna2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKieper2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKuipers2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLa_Gorce2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLake2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLeahey\"] = 3,\n [\"CITEREFLeebove2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLester2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLoftus\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLuerssen2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMagazineBassi\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMerwin,_Charles2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMitchell2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMonger\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMontgomery2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMurphy2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFO\u0026#039;Brien,_Jon\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOzzi2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPREIRA\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPayne2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPopkin2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPoretta2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPrindle\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFROA\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRashbaum2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRath2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFReeves2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRolli2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRosenbaum2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSanneh2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSawyer2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSayles2022\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFSean_Michaels2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSendra\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSharp2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSheffield2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShuker2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShuster2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSimms\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSmith2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSong2023\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFSpanos2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStewart2021\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFStiernberg2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStory2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSuttonSigwartBriggsGueriau2025\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThomas-Handsard2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFUsinger2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVanderhoff\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWalker2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWalsh2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWarwick2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWells2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWilson\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWood2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZac_Johnson\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZemler2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZoladz2017\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"!\"] = 8,\n [\"'s\"] = 5,\n [\"About\"] = 1,\n [\"AllMusic\"] = 3,\n [\"Alternative rock\"] = 1,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"BillboardURLbyName\"] = 6,\n [\"Blockquote\"] = 1,\n [\"Certification Cite Ref\"] = 21,\n [\"Cite AV media notes\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 12,\n [\"Cite encyclopedia\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite magazine\"] = 23,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 9,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 132,\n [\"Commons category-inline\"] = 1,\n [\"Emo\"] = 1,\n [\"Further\"] = 1,\n [\"Hardcore punk\"] = 1,\n [\"Hlist\"] = 5,\n [\"IPAc-en\"] = 1,\n [\"Infobox music genre\"] = 1,\n [\"Listen\"] = 5,\n [\"Main\"] = 5,\n [\"Main article\"] = 1,\n [\"Nowrap\"] = 20,\n [\"Pp\"] = 1,\n [\"Pp-move\"] = 1,\n [\"Punk\"] = 1,\n [\"Quotebox\"] = 4,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 1,\n [\"Refend\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Rock music\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 110,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Use American English\"] = 1,\n [\"Use mdy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Wikiquote\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\nciteref_patterns = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-7dbbdd594f-hlr49","timestamp":"20250405210937","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Emo","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Emo","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q10926","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q10926","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2002-10-07T20:17:14Z","dateModified":"2025-03-31T15:18:54Z","headline":"derivative of post hardcore rock music with emotional, introspective lyrics"}</script> </body> </html>