CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>E series of preferred numbers - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"3f7909d5-547e-425a-ad10-2e7b92bce341","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"E_series_of_preferred_numbers","wgTitle":"E series of preferred numbers","wgCurRevisionId":1235297875,"wgRevisionId":1235297875,"wgArticleId":52626244,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Use dmy dates from August 2021","Use list-defined references from December 2021","Commons category link is locally defined","Electrical components","Numbers","Industrial design","Logarithmic scales of measurement"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"E_series_of_preferred_numbers", "wgRelevantArticleId":52626244,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":60000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q36910","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform", "platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.math.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher" ,"ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.math.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/E12_Series_Ten_Percent_Tolerance.svg/1200px-E12_Series_Ten_Percent_Tolerance.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1081"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/E12_Series_Ten_Percent_Tolerance.svg/800px-E12_Series_Ten_Percent_Tolerance.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="721"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/E12_Series_Ten_Percent_Tolerance.svg/640px-E12_Series_Ten_Percent_Tolerance.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="576"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="E series of preferred numbers - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/E_series_of_preferred_numbers"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=E_series_of_preferred_numbers&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E_series_of_preferred_numbers"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-E_series_of_preferred_numbers rootpage-E_series_of_preferred_numbers skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=E+series+of+preferred+numbers" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=E+series+of+preferred+numbers" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=E+series+of+preferred+numbers" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=E+series+of+preferred+numbers" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Overview" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Overview"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Overview</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Overview-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Overview subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Overview-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Formula" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formula"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Formula</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Formula-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-E24_subsets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#E24_subsets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>E24 subsets</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-E24_subsets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-E192_subsets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#E192_subsets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>E192 subsets</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-E192_subsets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Examples" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Examples"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Examples</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Examples-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lists" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lists"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Lists</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lists-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Table" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Table"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Table</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Table-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">E series of preferred numbers</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 11 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-11" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">11 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%95-%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Стандартни номинални Е-серии – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Стандартни номинални Е-серии" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-Reihe" title="E-Reihe – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="E-Reihe" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-rida" title="E-rida – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="E-rida" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BAmeros_preferentes#Condensadores_y_resistencias" title="Números preferentes – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Números preferentes" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/CEI_60063" title="CEI 60063 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="CEI 60063" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valori_standard_dei_resistori" title="Valori standard dei resistori – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Valori standard dei resistori" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-reeks" title="E-reeks – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="E-reeks" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Ряды номиналов радиодеталей – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ряды номиналов радиодеталей" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-serie_(elektronik)" title="E-serie (elektronik) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="E-serie (elektronik)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B2_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%96%D0%B2" title="Ряди номіналів радіоелементів – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ряди номіналів радіоелементів" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/E%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%E6%95%B8%E5%AD%97" title="E系列數字 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="E系列數字" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q36910#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/E_series_of_preferred_numbers" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:E_series_of_preferred_numbers" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/E_series_of_preferred_numbers"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=E_series_of_preferred_numbers&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=E_series_of_preferred_numbers&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/E_series_of_preferred_numbers"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=E_series_of_preferred_numbers&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=E_series_of_preferred_numbers&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/E_series_of_preferred_numbers" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/E_series_of_preferred_numbers" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=E_series_of_preferred_numbers&oldid=1235297875" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=E_series_of_preferred_numbers&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=E_series_of_preferred_numbers&id=1235297875&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FE_series_of_preferred_numbers"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FE_series_of_preferred_numbers"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=E_series_of_preferred_numbers&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=E_series_of_preferred_numbers&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:E12_values" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q36910" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Series of preferred values for passive electrical components</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Scientific_notation#E_notation" title="Scientific notation">E notation</a> or <a href="/wiki/E_number" title="E number">E number</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:E12_Series_Ten_Percent_Tolerance.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/E12_Series_Ten_Percent_Tolerance.svg/250px-E12_Series_Ten_Percent_Tolerance.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/E12_Series_Ten_Percent_Tolerance.svg/375px-E12_Series_Ten_Percent_Tolerance.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/E12_Series_Ten_Percent_Tolerance.svg/500px-E12_Series_Ten_Percent_Tolerance.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="786" data-file-height="708" /></a><figcaption>This graph shows how almost any value between 1 and 10 is within ±10% of an E12 series value, and its difference from the ideal value in a geometric sequence</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:E12_values_graph.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/E12_values_graph.svg/250px-E12_values_graph.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/E12_values_graph.svg/375px-E12_values_graph.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/E12_values_graph.svg/500px-E12_values_graph.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="575" data-file-height="420" /></a><figcaption>Two decades of E12 values, which would give resistor values of 1 Ω to 82 Ω</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>E series</b> is a system of <a href="/wiki/Preferred_number" title="Preferred number">preferred numbers</a> (also called preferred values) derived for use in <a href="/wiki/Electronic_component" title="Electronic component">electronic components</a>. It consists of the <b>E3</b>, <b>E6</b>, <b>E12</b>, <b>E24</b>, <b>E48</b>, <b>E96</b> and <b>E192</b> series,<sup id="cite_ref-Walsin_2018_E1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Walsin_2018_E1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where the number after the 'E' designates the quantity of <a href="/wiki/Logarithmic_scale" title="Logarithmic scale">logarithmic</a> value "steps" per <a href="/wiki/Decade_(log_scale)" title="Decade (log scale)">decade</a>. Although it is theoretically possible to produce components of any value, in practice the need for inventory simplification has led the industry to settle on the E series for <a href="/wiki/Resistor" title="Resistor">resistors</a>, <a href="/wiki/Capacitor" title="Capacitor">capacitors</a>, <a href="/wiki/Inductor" title="Inductor">inductors</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Zener_diode" title="Zener diode">zener diodes</a>. Other types of electrical components are either specified by the <a href="/wiki/Renard_series" title="Renard series">Renard series</a> (for example <a href="/wiki/Fuse_(electrical)" title="Fuse (electrical)">fuses</a>) or are defined in relevant product standards (for example <a href="/wiki/IEC_60228" title="IEC 60228">IEC 60228</a> for wires). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=E_series_of_preferred_numbers&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Age_of_Radio" title="Golden Age of Radio">Golden Age of Radio</a> (1920s to 1950s), numerous companies manufactured <a href="/wiki/Vacuum_tube" title="Vacuum tube">vacuum tube</a> based <a href="/wiki/AM_broadcasting#Receivers" title="AM broadcasting">AM radio</a> <a href="/wiki/Antique_radio" title="Antique radio">receivers</a> for consumer use. In the early years, many components were not standardized between numerous AM radio manufacturers. The capacitance values of capacitors (previously called condensers)<sup id="cite_ref-AlliedRadio_1930_1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AlliedRadio_1930_1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RadioShack_1940_1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RadioShack_1940_1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and resistance values of resistors<sup id="cite_ref-AlliedRadio_1930_2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AlliedRadio_1930_2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RadioShack_1940_2_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RadioShack_1940_2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FTRC_1943_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FTRC_1943-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FTRC_1946_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FTRC_1946-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> were not standardized as they are today.<sup id="cite_ref-Jameco_2017_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jameco_2017-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1924, the <a href="/wiki/Radio_Manufacturers_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Radio Manufacturers Association">Radio Manufacturers Association</a> (RMA) was formed in <a href="/wiki/Chicago,_Illinois" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicago, Illinois">Chicago, Illinois</a> by 50 radio manufacturers to license and share patents. Over time, this group created some of the earliest standards for electronics components. In 1936, the RMA adopted a preferred number system for the resistance values of fixed composition resistors.<sup id="cite_ref-Blackburn_1949_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blackburn_1949-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over time, resistor manufacturers migrated from older values to the 1936 resistance value standard.<sup id="cite_ref-FTRC_1943_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FTRC_1943-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FTRC_1946_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FTRC_1946-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> (1940s), American and British <a href="/wiki/Technology_during_World_War_II" title="Technology during World War II">military production</a> was a major influence for establishing common standards across many industries, especially in electronics, where it was essential to produce large quantities of standardized electronic parts for military devices, such as <a href="/wiki/Military_communications" title="Military communications">wireless communications</a>, <a href="/wiki/Radar" title="Radar">radars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Radar_jamming_and_deception" title="Radar jamming and deception">radar jammers</a>, <a href="/wiki/LORAN" title="LORAN">LORAN</a> navigation, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_World_War_II_electronic_warfare_equipment" title="List of World War II electronic warfare equipment">more</a>. </p><p>Later, the <a href="/wiki/Mid-20th_century_baby_boom" title="Mid-20th century baby boom">mid-20th century baby boom</a> and the invention of the <a href="/wiki/Transistor" title="Transistor">transistor</a> kicked off demand for <a href="/wiki/Consumer_electronics" title="Consumer electronics">consumer electronics</a> goods during the 1950s. As portable <a href="/wiki/Transistor_radio" title="Transistor radio">transistor radio</a> manufacturing migrated from United States towards Japan during the late-1950s, it was critical for the electronic industry to have international standards. </p><p>After being worked on by the RMA,<sup id="cite_ref-Dyck_1951_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dyck_1951-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">International Electrotechnical Commission</a> (IEC) began work on an international standard in 1948.<sup id="cite_ref-IEC_60063_1963_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IEC_60063_1963-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first version of this <b>IEC Publication 63</b> (IEC 63) was released in 1952.<sup id="cite_ref-IEC_60063_1952_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IEC_60063_1952-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later, IEC 63 was revised, amended, and renamed into the current version known as <b>IEC 60063:2015</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-IEC_60063_2015_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IEC_60063_2015-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>IEC 60063 release history: </p> <ul><li>IEC 63:1952 (aka IEC 60063:1952), first edition, published 1952-01-01.<sup id="cite_ref-IEC_60063_1952_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IEC_60063_1952-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>IEC 63:1963 (aka IEC 60063:1963), second edition, published 1963-01-01.<sup id="cite_ref-IEC_60063_1963_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IEC_60063_1963-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>IEC 63:1967/AMD1:1967 (aka IEC 60063:1967/AMD1:1967), first amendment of second edition, published 1967.<sup id="cite_ref-IEC_60063_1963_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IEC_60063_1963-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>IEC 63:1977/AMD2:1977 (aka IEC 60063:1977/AMD2:1977), second amendment of second edition, published 1977.<sup id="cite_ref-IEC_60063_1963_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IEC_60063_1963-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>IEC 60063:2015, third edition, published 2015-03-27.<sup id="cite_ref-IEC_60063_2015_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IEC_60063_2015-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=E_series_of_preferred_numbers&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The E series of preferred numbers was chosen such that when a component is manufactured it will end up in a range of roughly equally spaced values (<a href="/wiki/Geometric_progression" title="Geometric progression">geometric progression</a>) on a <a href="/wiki/Logarithmic_scale" title="Logarithmic scale">logarithmic scale</a>. Each E series subdivides each <a href="/wiki/Decade_(log_scale)" title="Decade (log scale)">decade</a> magnitude into steps of 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 96, 192 values.<sup id="cite_ref-NB_E1_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NB_E1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>nb 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Subdivisions of E3 to E192 ensure the maximum error will be divided in the order of 40%, 20%, 10%, 5%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%. Also, the E192 series is used for 0.25% and 0.1% tolerance resistors. </p><p>Historically, the E series is split into two major groupings: </p> <ul><li>E3, E6, E12, E24 are <a href="/wiki/Subset" title="Subset">subsets</a> of E24. Values in this group are rounded to 2 <a href="/wiki/Significant_figures" title="Significant figures">significant figures</a>.</li> <li>E48, E96, E192 are <a href="/wiki/Subset" title="Subset">subsets</a> of E192. Values in this group are rounded to 3 significant figures.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Formula">Formula</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=E_series_of_preferred_numbers&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Formula"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The formula for each value is determined by the <a href="/wiki/N-th_root" class="mw-redirect" title="N-th root">m-th root</a>, but unfortunately the calculated values don't match the official values of all E series. </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-display mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math display="block" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle V_{n}=\mathrm {round} ({\sqrt[{m}]{10^{n}}})}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">r</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">o</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">u</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mroot> <msup> <mn>10</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>m</mi> </mrow> </mroot> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle V_{n}=\mathrm {round} ({\sqrt[{m}]{10^{n}}})}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/47eb9b9a963a7949e015c214f676d5edfe274ee8" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-display mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:18.912ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle V_{n}=\mathrm {round} ({\sqrt[{m}]{10^{n}}})}"></span> </p> <dl><dd>where: <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle V_{n}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle V_{n}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/3ebc5a637019ce3415183f06995aeeca93547767" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.574ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle V_{n}}"></span> is <a href="/wiki/Rounding" title="Rounding">rounded</a> to 2 <a href="/wiki/Significant_figures" title="Significant figures">significant figures</a> (E3, E6, E12, E24) or 3 significant figures (E48, E96, E192),</dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle m}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>m</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle m}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0a07d98bb302f3856cbabc47b2b9016692e3f7bc" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.04ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle m}"></span> is an <a href="/wiki/Integer" title="Integer">integer</a> of the E series group size (3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 96, 192),</dd> <dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a601995d55609f2d9f5e233e36fbe9ea26011b3b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.395ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n}"></span> is an integer of <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \{0,1,...,m-1\}.}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mo>.</mo> <mo>.</mo> <mo>.</mo> <mo>,</mo> <mi>m</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo> <mo>.</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \{0,1,...,m-1\}.}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/bbb8c8556b59b41083c9b37393d7d053dbc4f7c0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:17.544ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \{0,1,...,m-1\}.}"></span></dd></dl></dd></dl> <dl><dd>exceptions: <dl><dd>The official values for E48 and E96 series match their calculated values, but all other series (E3 / E6 / E12 / E24 / E192) have one or more official values that don't match their calculated values (see subsets sections below).</dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="E24_subsets">E24 subsets</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=E_series_of_preferred_numbers&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: E24 subsets"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For E3 / E6 / E12 / E24, the values from the formula are rounded to 2 significant figures, but eight official values (shown in <b>bold</b> & green) are different from the calculated values (shown in red). During the early half of the 20th century, electronic components had different sets of component values than today. In the late-1940s, standards organizations started working towards codifying a standard set of official component values, and they decided that it wasn't practical to change some of the former established historical values. The first standard was accepted in Paris in 1950, then published as IEC 63 in 1952.<sup id="cite_ref-IEC_60063_1952_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IEC_60063_1952-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The official values of the E3 / E6 / E12 series are <a href="/wiki/Subset" title="Subset">subsets</a> of the following official E24 values. </p> <dl><dd><table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"> <caption>Comparison of rounded log-scaled values and official values of E24 series (<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle m=24}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>m</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>24</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle m=24}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/88458f8eb5e3f5374b39a0ae64269301b359a394" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:7.464ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle m=24}"></span>) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n=\{0,...,23\}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mo fence="false" stretchy="false">{</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mo>.</mo> <mo>.</mo> <mo>.</mo> <mo>,</mo> <mn>23</mn> <mo fence="false" stretchy="false">}</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n=\{0,...,23\}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f3fd6bd8df91c2e69671e8a066bf9f3999b4f158" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:15.475ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n=\{0,...,23\}}"></span></th> <th>0</th> <th>1</th> <th>2</th> <th>3</th> <th>4</th> <th>5</th> <th>6</th> <th>7</th> <th>8</th> <th>9</th> <th>10</th> <th>11</th> <th>12</th> <th>13</th> <th>14</th> <th>15</th> <th>16</th> <th>17</th> <th>18</th> <th>19</th> <th>20</th> <th>21</th> <th>22</th> <th>23 </th></tr> <tr> <td>Calculated <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle V_{n}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle V_{n}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/3ebc5a637019ce3415183f06995aeeca93547767" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.574ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle V_{n}}"></span> values</td> <td>1.0</td> <td>1.1</td> <td>1.2</td> <td>1.3</td> <td>1.5</td> <td>1.6</td> <td>1.8</td> <td>2.0</td> <td>2.2</td> <td>2.4</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">2.6</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">2.9</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">3.2</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">3.5</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">3.8</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">4.2</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">4.6</td> <td>5.1</td> <td>5.6</td> <td>6.2</td> <td>6.8</td> <td>7.5</td> <td style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">8.3</td> <td>9.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Official E24 values</td> <td>1.0</td> <td>1.1</td> <td>1.2</td> <td>1.3</td> <td>1.5</td> <td>1.6</td> <td>1.8</td> <td>2.0</td> <td>2.2</td> <td>2.4</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><b>2.7</b></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><b>3.0</b></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><b>3.3</b></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><b>3.6</b></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><b>3.9</b></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><b>4.3</b></td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><b>4.7</b></td> <td>5.1</td> <td>5.6</td> <td>6.2</td> <td>6.8</td> <td>7.5</td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes"><b>8.2</b></td> <td>9.1 </td></tr></tbody></table></dd></dl> <p>The E3 series is rarely used,<sup id="cite_ref-NB_E1_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NB_E1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>nb 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> except for some components with high variations like <a href="/wiki/Electrolytic_capacitor" title="Electrolytic capacitor">electrolytic capacitors</a>, where the given <a href="/wiki/Engineering_tolerance" title="Engineering tolerance">tolerance</a> is often unbalanced between negative and positive such as <span class="nowrap"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">+50%</sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">−30%</sub></span></span> or <span class="nowrap"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">+80%</sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">−20%</sub></span></span>, or for components with uncritical values such as <a href="/wiki/Pull-up_resistor" title="Pull-up resistor">pull-up resistors</a>. The calculated constant tangential tolerance for this series gives (<span class="nowrap"><sup style="margin-right: -0.5em; vertical-align: 0.8em;">3</sup>√<span style="border-top:1px solid; padding:0 0.1em;">10</span></span> − 1) ÷ (<span class="nowrap"><sup style="margin-right: -0.5em; vertical-align: 0.8em;">3</sup>√<span style="border-top:1px solid; padding:0 0.1em;">10</span></span> + 1) = 36.60%, approximately. While the standard only specifies a tolerance greater than 20%, other sources indicate 40% or 50%. Currently, most electrolytic capacitors are manufactured with values in the E6 or E12 series, thus E3 series is mostly obsolete. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="E192_subsets">E192 subsets</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=E_series_of_preferred_numbers&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: E192 subsets"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For E48 / E96 / E192, the values from the formula are rounded to 3 significant figures, but one value (shown in bold) is different from the calculated values. </p> <ul><li>To calculate the E48 series: <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle m}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>m</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle m}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0a07d98bb302f3856cbabc47b2b9016692e3f7bc" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.04ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle m}"></span> is 48, then <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a601995d55609f2d9f5e233e36fbe9ea26011b3b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.395ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n}"></span> is incremented from 0 to 47 through the formula. All official values of E48 series match their calculated values.</li> <li>To calculate the E96 series: <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle m}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>m</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle m}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0a07d98bb302f3856cbabc47b2b9016692e3f7bc" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.04ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle m}"></span> is 96, then <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a601995d55609f2d9f5e233e36fbe9ea26011b3b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.395ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n}"></span> is incremented from 0 to 95 through the formula. All official values of E96 series match their calculated values.</li> <li>To calculate the E192 series: <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle m}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>m</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle m}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0a07d98bb302f3856cbabc47b2b9016692e3f7bc" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.04ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle m}"></span> is 192, then <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a601995d55609f2d9f5e233e36fbe9ea26011b3b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.395ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n}"></span> is incremented from 0 to 191 through the formula, with one exception for <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n=185}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>185</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n=185}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/361d3447413ee642376ecd3ca83699b4141396ea" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:7.981ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n=185}"></span> where <b>9.20</b> is the official value instead of the calculated 9.19 value.</li></ul> <p>Since some values of the E24 series do not exist in the E48 / E96 / E192 series, some resistor manufacturers have added missing E24 values into <em>some</em> of their 1%, 0.5%, 0.25%, 0.1% tolerance resistor families. This allows easier purchasing migration between various tolerances. This E series merging is noted on resistor datasheets and webpages as "E96 + E24" or "E192 + E24".<sup id="cite_ref-Bourns_2017_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bourns_2017-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Vishay_2017_Thick_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vishay_2017_Thick-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Vishay_2017_Thin_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vishay_2017_Thin-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the following table, the <a href="/wiki/Dash" title="Dash">dashed</a> E24 values don't exist in E48 / E96 / E192 series: </p> <dl><dd><table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"> <caption>E24 values that exist in E48 / E96 / E192 series </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>E24 values</th> <th>1.0</th> <th>1.1</th> <th>1.2</th> <th>1.3</th> <th>1.5</th> <th>1.6</th> <th>1.8</th> <th>2.0</th> <th>2.2</th> <th>2.4</th> <th><b>2.7</b></th> <th><b>3.0</b></th> <th><b>3.3</b></th> <th><b>3.6</b></th> <th><b>3.9</b></th> <th><b>4.3</b></th> <th><b>4.7</b></th> <th>5.1</th> <th>5.6</th> <th>6.2</th> <th>6.8</th> <th>7.5</th> <th><b>8.2</b></th> <th>9.1 </th></tr> <tr> <td>E48 values</td> <td>1.00</td> <td>1.10</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>7.50</td> <td>–</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td>E96 values</td> <td>1.00</td> <td>1.10</td> <td>–</td> <td>1.30</td> <td>1.50</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>2.00</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>7.50</td> <td>–</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td>E192 values</td> <td>1.00</td> <td>1.10</td> <td>1.20</td> <td>1.30</td> <td>1.50</td> <td>1.60</td> <td>1.80</td> <td>2.00</td> <td>–</td> <td>2.40</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>4.70</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>7.50</td> <td>–</td> <td>– </td></tr></tbody></table></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=E_series_of_preferred_numbers&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>If a manufacturer sold resistors with all values in a range of 1 <a href="/wiki/Ohm" title="Ohm">ohm</a> to 10 megaohms, the available resistance values for E3 through E12 would be: </p> <dl><dd><table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">E3 (in ohms) </th> <th scope="col">E6 (in ohms) </th> <th scope="col">E12 (in ohms) </th></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li>1.0, 2.2, 4.7,</li> <li>10, 22, 47,</li> <li>100, 220, 470,</li> <li>1 k, 2.2 k, 4.7 k,</li> <li>10 k, 22 k, 47 k,</li> <li>100 k, 220 k, 470 k,</li> <li>1 M, 2.2 M, 4.7 M,</li> <li>10 M</li></ul> </td> <td> <ul><li>1.0, 1.5, 2.2, 3.3, 4.7, 6.8,</li> <li>10, 15, 22, 33, 47, 68,</li> <li>100, 150, 220, 330, 470, 680,</li> <li>1 k, 1.5 k, 2.2 k, 3.3 k, 4.7 k, 6.8 k,</li> <li>10 k, 15 k, 22 k, 33 k, 47 k, 68 k,</li> <li>100 k, 150 k, 220 k, 330 k, 470 k, 680 k,</li> <li>1 M, 1.5 M, 2.2 M, 3.3 M, 4.7 M, 6.8 M,</li> <li>10 M</li></ul> </td> <td> <ul><li>1.0, 1.2, 1.5, 1.8, 2.2, 2.7, 3.3, 3.9, 4.7, 5.6, 6.8, 8.2,</li> <li>10, 12, 15, 18, 22, 27, 33, 39, 47, 56, 68, 82,</li> <li>100, 120, 150, 180, 220, 270, 330, 390, 470, 560, 680, 820,</li> <li>1 k, 1.2 k, 1.5 k, 1.8 k, 2.2 k, 2.7 k, 3.3 k, 3.9 k, 4.7 k, 5.6 k, 6.8 k, 8.2 k,</li> <li>10 k, 12 k, 15 k, 18 k, 22 k, 27 k, 33 k, 39 k, 47 k, 56 k, 68 k, 82 k,</li> <li>100 k, 120 k, 150 k, 180 k, 220 k, 270 k, 330 k, 390 k, 470 k, 560 k, 680 k, 820 k,</li> <li>1 M, 1.2 M, 1.5 M, 1.8 M, 2.2 M, 2.7 M, 3.3 M, 3.9 M, 4.7 M, 5.6 M, 6.8 M, 8.2 M,</li> <li>10 M</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></dd></dl> <p>If a manufacturer sold capacitors with all values in a range of 1 <a href="/wiki/Farad" title="Farad">pF</a> to 10,000 μF, the available capacitance values for E3 and E6 would be: </p> <dl><dd><table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">E3 </th> <th scope="col">E6 </th></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li>1.0 pF, 2.2 pF, 4.7 pF,</li> <li>10 pF, 22 pF, 47 pF,</li> <li>100 pF, 220 pF, 470 pF,</li> <li>1 nF, 2.2 nF, 4.7 nF,</li> <li>10 nF, 22 nF, 47 nF,</li> <li>100 nF, 220 nF, 470 nF,</li> <li>1 μF, 2.2 μF, 4.7 μF,</li> <li>10 μF, 22 μF, 47 μF,</li> <li>100 μF, 220 μF, 470 μF,</li> <li>1000 μF, 2200 μF, 4700 μF,</li> <li>10000 μF</li></ul> </td> <td> <ul><li>1.0 pF, 1.5 pF, 2.2 pF, 3.3 pF, 4.7 pF, 6.8 pF,</li> <li>10 pF, 15 pF, 22 pF, 33 pF, 47 pF, 68 pF,</li> <li>100 pF, 150 pF, 220 pF, 330 pF, 470 pF, 680 pF,</li> <li>1 nF, 1.5 nF, 2.2 nF, 3.3 nF, 4.7 nF, 6.8 nF,</li> <li>10 nF, 15 nF, 22 nF, 33 nF, 47 nF, 68 nF,</li> <li>100 nF, 150 nF, 220 nF, 330 nF, 470 nF, 680 nF,</li> <li>1 μF, 1.5 μF, 2.2 μF, 3.3 μF, 4.7 μF, 6.8 μF,</li> <li>10 μF, 15 μF, 22 μF, 33 μF, 47 μF, 68 μF,</li> <li>100 μF, 150 μF, 220 μF, 330 μF, 470 μF, 680 μF,</li> <li>1000 μF, 1500 μF, 2200 μF, 3300 μF, 4700 μF, 6800 μF,</li> <li>10000 μF</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lists">Lists</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=E_series_of_preferred_numbers&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Lists"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="E1"></span><span class="anchor" id="E3"></span><span class="anchor" id="E6"></span><span class="anchor" id="E12"></span><span class="anchor" id="E24"></span><span class="anchor" id="E48"></span><span class="anchor" id="E96"></span><span class="anchor" id="E192"></span> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Preferred_values_05_Pengo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Preferred_values_05_Pengo.svg/250px-Preferred_values_05_Pengo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Preferred_values_05_Pengo.svg/375px-Preferred_values_05_Pengo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Preferred_values_05_Pengo.svg/500px-Preferred_values_05_Pengo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="340" data-file-height="210" /></a><figcaption>A decade of the E12 values shown with their <a href="/wiki/Electronic_color_code" title="Electronic color code">electronic color codes</a> on <a href="/wiki/Resistor" title="Resistor">resistors</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>List of official values for each E series:<sup id="cite_ref-NB_E1_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NB_E1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>nb 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>E3 values</dt> <dd>(40% tolerance)</dd> <dd>1.0, 2.2, 4.7</dd> <dt>E6 values</dt> <dd>(20% tolerance)</dd> <dd>1.0, 1.5, 2.2, 3.3, 4.7, 6.8</dd> <dt>E12 values</dt> <dd>(10% tolerance)</dd> <dd>1.0, 1.2, 1.5, 1.8, 2.2, 2.7, 3.3, 3.9, 4.7, 5.6, 6.8, 8.2</dd> <dt>E24 values</dt> <dd>(5% tolerance)</dd> <dd>1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.5, 1.6, 1.8, 2.0, 2.2, 2.4, 2.7, 3.0, 3.3, 3.6, 3.9, 4.3, 4.7, 5.1, 5.6, 6.2, 6.8, 7.5, 8.2, 9.1</dd> <dt>E48 values</dt> <dd>(2% tolerance)</dd> <dd>1.00, 1.05, 1.10, 1.15, 1.21, 1.27, 1.33, 1.40, 1.47, 1.54, 1.62, 1.69, 1.78, 1.87, 1.96, 2.05, 2.15, 2.26, 2.37, 2.49, 2.61, 2.74, 2.87, 3.01, 3.16, 3.32, 3.48, 3.65, 3.83, 4.02, 4.22, 4.42, 4.64, 4.87, 5.11, 5.36, 5.62, 5.90, 6.19, 6.49, 6.81, 7.15, 7.50, 7.87, 8.25, 8.66, 9.09, 9.53</dd> <dt>E96 values</dt> <dd>(1% tolerance)</dd> <dd>1.00, 1.02, 1.05, 1.07, 1.10, 1.13, 1.15, 1.18, 1.21, 1.24, 1.27, 1.30, 1.33, 1.37, 1.40, 1.43, 1.47, 1.50, 1.54, 1.58, 1.62, 1.65, 1.69, 1.74, 1.78, 1.82, 1.87, 1.91, 1.96, 2.00, 2.05, 2.10, 2.15, 2.21, 2.26, 2.32, 2.37, 2.43, 2.49, 2.55, 2.61, 2.67, 2.74, 2.80, 2.87, 2.94, 3.01, 3.09, 3.16, 3.24, 3.32, 3.40, 3.48, 3.57, 3.65, 3.74, 3.83, 3.92, 4.02, 4.12, 4.22, 4.32, 4.42, 4.53, 4.64, 4.75, 4.87, 4.99, 5.11, 5.23, 5.36, 5.49, 5.62, 5.76, 5.90, 6.04, 6.19, 6.34, 6.49, 6.65, 6.81, 6.98, 7.15, 7.32, 7.50, 7.68, 7.87, 8.06, 8.25, 8.45, 8.66, 8.87, 9.09, 9.31, 9.53, 9.76</dd> <dt>E192 values</dt> <dd>(0.5% and lower tolerance)</dd> <dd>1.00, 1.01, 1.02, 1.04, 1.05, 1.06, 1.07, 1.09, 1.10, 1.11, 1.13, 1.14, 1.15, 1.17, 1.18, 1.20, 1.21, 1.23, 1.24, 1.26, 1.27, 1.29, 1.30, 1.32, 1.33, 1.35, 1.37, 1.38, 1.40, 1.42, 1.43, 1.45, 1.47, 1.49, 1.50, 1.52, 1.54, 1.56, 1.58, 1.60, 1.62, 1.64, 1.65, 1.67, 1.69, 1.72, 1.74, 1.76, 1.78, 1.80, 1.82, 1.84, 1.87, 1.89, 1.91, 1.93, 1.96, 1.98, 2.00, 2.03, 2.05, 2.08, 2.10, 2.13, 2.15, 2.18, 2.21, 2.23, 2.26, 2.29, 2.32, 2.34, 2.37, 2.40, 2.43, 2.46, 2.49, 2.52, 2.55, 2.58, 2.61, 2.64, 2.67, 2.71, 2.74, 2.77, 2.80, 2.84, 2.87, 2.91, 2.94, 2.98, 3.01, 3.05, 3.09, 3.12, 3.16, 3.20, 3.24, 3.28, 3.32, 3.36, 3.40, 3.44, 3.48, 3.52, 3.57, 3.61, 3.65, 3.70, 3.74, 3.79, 3.83, 3.88, 3.92, 3.97, 4.02, 4.07, 4.12, 4.17, 4.22, 4.27, 4.32, 4.37, 4.42, 4.48, 4.53, 4.59, 4.64, 4.70, 4.75, 4.81, 4.87, 4.93, 4.99, 5.05, 5.11, 5.17, 5.23, 5.30, 5.36, 5.42, 5.49, 5.56, 5.62, 5.69, 5.76, 5.83, 5.90, 5.97, 6.04, 6.12, 6.19, 6.26, 6.34, 6.42, 6.49, 6.57, 6.65, 6.73, 6.81, 6.90, 6.98, 7.06, 7.15, 7.23, 7.32, 7.41, 7.50, 7.59, 7.68, 7.77, 7.87, 7.96, 8.06, 8.16, 8.25, 8.35, 8.45, 8.56, 8.66, 8.76, 8.87, 8.98, 9.09, 9.20, 9.31, 9.42, 9.53, 9.65, 9.76, 9.88</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Table">Table</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=E_series_of_preferred_numbers&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Table"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table style="margin:auto"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <caption>E-series values, 1.0–2.13 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" style="background-color:#e2e2e2">E3 </th> <th scope="col" style="background-color:#ffe2e2">E6 </th> <th scope="col" style="background-color:#ffffe2">E12 </th> <th scope="col" style="background-color:#e2ffe2">E24 </th> <th scope="col" style="background-color:#e2ffff">E48 </th> <th scope="col" style="background-color:#e2e2ff">E96 </th> <th scope="col" style="background-color:#ffe2ff">E192 </th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2e2">1.0 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2e2">1.0 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffffe2">1.0 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffe2">1.0 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">1.00 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">1.00 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.00 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="63" style="background-color:#e2e2e2"> </td> <td rowspan="31" style="background-color:#ffe2e2"> </td> <td rowspan="15" style="background-color:#ffffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="7" style="background-color:#e2ffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.01 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">1.02 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.02 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.04 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">1.05 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">1.05 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.05 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.06 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">1.07 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.07 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.09 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffe2">1.1 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">1.10 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">1.10 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.10 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="7" style="background-color:#e2ffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.11 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">1.13 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.13 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.14 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">1.15 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">1.15 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.15 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.17 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">1.18 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.18 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.20 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#ffffe2">1.2 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffe2">1.2 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">1.21 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">1.21 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.21 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="15" style="background-color:#ffffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="7" style="background-color:#e2ffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.23 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">1.24 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.24 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.26 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">1.27 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">1.27 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.27 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.29 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">1.30 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.30 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.32 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffe2">1.3 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">1.33 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">1.33 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.33 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="7" style="background-color:#e2ffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.35 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">1.37 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.37 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.38 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">1.40 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">1.40 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.40 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.42 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">1.43 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.43 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.45 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#ffe2e2">1.5 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffffe2">1.5 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffe2">1.5 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">1.47 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">1.47 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.47 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="31" style="background-color:#ffe2e2"> </td> <td rowspan="15" style="background-color:#ffffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="7" style="background-color:#e2ffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.49 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">1.50 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.50 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.52 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">1.54 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">1.54 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.54 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.56 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">1.58 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.58 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.60 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffe2">1.6 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">1.62 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">1.62 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.62 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="7" style="background-color:#e2ffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.64 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">1.65 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.65 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.67 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">1.69 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">1.69 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.69 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.72 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">1.74 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.74 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.76 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#ffffe2">1.8 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffe2">1.8 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">1.78 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">1.78 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.78 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="15" style="background-color:#ffffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="7" style="background-color:#e2ffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.80 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">1.82 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.82 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.84 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">1.87 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">1.87 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.87 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.89 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">1.91 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.91 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.93 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffe2">2.0 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">1.96 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">1.96 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.96 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="7" style="background-color:#e2ffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">1.98 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">2.00 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.00 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.03 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">2.05 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">2.05 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.05 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.08 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">2.10 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.10 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.13 </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <caption>E-series values, 2.15–4.59 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" style="background-color:#e2e2e2">E3 </th> <th scope="col" style="background-color:#ffe2e2">E6 </th> <th scope="col" style="background-color:#ffffe2">E12 </th> <th scope="col" style="background-color:#e2ffe2">E24 </th> <th scope="col" style="background-color:#e2ffff">E48 </th> <th scope="col" style="background-color:#e2e2ff">E96 </th> <th scope="col" style="background-color:#ffe2ff">E192 </th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2e2">2.2 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2e2">2.2 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffffe2">2.2 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffe2">2.2 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">2.15 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">2.15 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.15 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="63" style="background-color:#e2e2e2"> </td> <td rowspan="31" style="background-color:#ffe2e2"> </td> <td rowspan="15" style="background-color:#ffffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="7" style="background-color:#e2ffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.18 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">2.21 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.21 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.23 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">2.26 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">2.26 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.26 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.29 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">2.32 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.32 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.34 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffe2">2.4 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">2.37 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">2.37 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.37 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="7" style="background-color:#e2ffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.40 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">2.43 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.43 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.46 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">2.49 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">2.49 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.49 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.52 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">2.55 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.55 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.58 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#ffffe2">2.7 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffe2">2.7 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">2.61 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">2.61 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.61 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="15" style="background-color:#ffffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="7" style="background-color:#e2ffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.64 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">2.67 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.67 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.71 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">2.74 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">2.74 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.74 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.77 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">2.80 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.80 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.84 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffe2">3.0 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">2.87 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">2.87 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.87 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="7" style="background-color:#e2ffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.91 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">2.94 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.94 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">2.98 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">3.01 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">3.01 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">3.01 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">3.05 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">3.09 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">3.09 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">3.12 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#ffe2e2">3.3 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffffe2">3.3 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffe2">3.3 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">3.16 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">3.16 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">3.16 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="31" style="background-color:#ffe2e2"> </td> <td rowspan="15" style="background-color:#ffffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="7" style="background-color:#e2ffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">3.20 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">3.24 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">3.24 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">3.28 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">3.32 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">3.32 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">3.32 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">3.36 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">3.40 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">3.40 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">3.44 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffe2">3.6 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">3.48 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">3.48 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">3.48 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="7" style="background-color:#e2ffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">3.52 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">3.57 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">3.57 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">3.61 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">3.65 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">3.65 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">3.65 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">3.70 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">3.74 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">3.74 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">3.79 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#ffffe2">3.9 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffe2">3.9 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">3.83 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">3.83 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">3.83 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="15" style="background-color:#ffffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="7" style="background-color:#e2ffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">3.88 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">3.92 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">3.92 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">3.97 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">4.02 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">4.02 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">4.02 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">4.07 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">4.12 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">4.12 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">4.17 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffe2">4.3 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">4.22 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">4.22 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">4.22 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="7" style="background-color:#e2ffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">4.27 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">4.32 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">4.32 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">4.37 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">4.42 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">4.42 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">4.42 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">4.48 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">4.53 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">4.53 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">4.59 </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <caption>E-series values, 4.64–9.88 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" style="background-color:#e2e2e2">E3 </th> <th scope="col" style="background-color:#ffe2e2">E6 </th> <th scope="col" style="background-color:#ffffe2">E12 </th> <th scope="col" style="background-color:#e2ffe2">E24 </th> <th scope="col" style="background-color:#e2ffff">E48 </th> <th scope="col" style="background-color:#e2e2ff">E96 </th> <th scope="col" style="background-color:#ffe2ff">E192 </th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2e2">4.7 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2e2">4.7 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffffe2">4.7 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffe2">4.7 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">4.64 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">4.64 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">4.64 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="63" style="background-color:#e2e2e2"> </td> <td rowspan="31" style="background-color:#ffe2e2"> </td> <td rowspan="15" style="background-color:#ffffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="7" style="background-color:#e2ffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">4.70 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">4.75 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">4.75 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">4.81 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">4.87 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">4.87 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">4.87 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">4.93 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">4.99 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">4.99 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">5.05 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffe2">5.1 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">5.11 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">5.11 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">5.11 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="7" style="background-color:#e2ffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">5.17 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">5.23 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">5.23 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">5.30 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">5.36 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">5.36 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">5.36 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">5.42 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">5.49 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">5.49 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">5.56 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#ffffe2">5.6 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffe2">5.6 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">5.62 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">5.62 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">5.62 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="15" style="background-color:#ffffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="7" style="background-color:#e2ffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">5.69 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">5.76 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">5.76 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">5.83 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">5.90 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">5.90 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">5.90 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">5.97 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">6.04 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">6.04 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">6.12 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffe2">6.2 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">6.19 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">6.19 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">6.19 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="7" style="background-color:#e2ffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">6.26 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">6.34 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">6.34 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">6.42 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">6.49 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">6.49 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">6.49 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">6.57 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">6.65 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">6.65 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">6.73 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#ffe2e2">6.8 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffffe2">6.8 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffe2">6.8 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">6.81 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">6.81 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">6.81 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="31" style="background-color:#ffe2e2"> </td> <td rowspan="15" style="background-color:#ffffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="7" style="background-color:#e2ffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">6.90 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">6.98 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">6.98 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">7.06 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">7.15 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">7.15 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">7.15 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">7.23 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">7.32 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">7.32 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">7.41 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffe2">7.5 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">7.50 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">7.50 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">7.50 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="7" style="background-color:#e2ffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">7.59 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">7.68 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">7.68 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">7.77 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">7.87 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">7.87 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">7.87 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">7.96 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">8.06 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">8.06 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">8.16 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#ffffe2">8.2 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffe2">8.2 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">8.25 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">8.25 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">8.25 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="15" style="background-color:#ffffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="7" style="background-color:#e2ffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">8.35 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">8.45 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">8.45 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">8.56 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">8.66 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">8.66 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">8.66 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">8.76 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">8.87 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">8.87 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">8.98 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffe2">9.1 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">9.09 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">9.09 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">9.09 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="7" style="background-color:#e2ffe2"> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">9.20 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">9.31 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">9.31 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">9.42 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2ffff">9.53 </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">9.53 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">9.53 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:#e2ffff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">9.65 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff">9.76 </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">9.76 </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align: top;"> <td style="background-color:#e2e2ff"> </td> <td style="background-color:#ffe2ff">9.88 </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=E_series_of_preferred_numbers&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_color_code" title="Electronic color code">Electronic color code</a> – color-code used to indicate the values of axial electronic components, such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, diodes (also see <a href="/wiki/IEC_60062" class="mw-redirect" title="IEC 60062">IEC 60062</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geometric_progression" title="Geometric progression">Geometric progression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preferred_number" title="Preferred number">Preferred number</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renard_series" title="Renard series">Renard series</a> – used for current rating of electric fuses</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three-character_marking_code_for_resistors" class="mw-redirect" title="Three-character marking code for resistors">Three-character marking code for resistors</a> – for (E48/)E96 values (see EIA-96 and IEC 60062:2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-character_marking_code_for_capacitors" class="mw-redirect" title="Two-character marking code for capacitors">Two-character marking code for capacitors</a> – for (E3/E6/E12/)E24 values (see ANSI/EIA-198-D:1991, ANSI/EIA-198-1-E:1998, ANSI/EIA-198-1-F:2002 and IEC 60062:2016/AMD1:2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reference_designator" title="Reference designator">Reference designator</a> – Location identifier for a circuit component</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=E_series_of_preferred_numbers&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-NB_E1-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NB_E1_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NB_E1_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NB_E1_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Some part vendors also list an "E1 series" (with only the value "1").<sup id="cite_ref-Walsin_2018_E1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Walsin_2018_E1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-KiCad_2020_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KiCad_2020-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, this does not appear to have been standardized in any version of the IEC standard.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=E_series_of_preferred_numbers&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Walsin_2018_E1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Walsin_2018_E1_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Walsin_2018_E1_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.passivecomponent.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/chipR.pdf"><i>Chip Resistors – Product catalog</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Passive System Alliance (PSA) / Walsin Technology Corp. August 2018. p. 2. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200104000602/http://www.passivecomponent.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/chipR.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2020-01-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-03-23</span></span>. <q>[…] E1 series resistance: 1 Ω, 10 Ω, 100 Ω, 1000 Ω, 10000 Ω, 100000 Ω […]</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chip+Resistors+%E2%80%93+Product+catalog&rft.pages=2&rft.pub=Passive+System+Alliance+%28PSA%29+%2F+Walsin+Technology+Corp.&rft.date=2018-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.passivecomponent.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2018%2F10%2FchipR.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AE+series+of+preferred+numbers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AlliedRadio_1930_1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AlliedRadio_1930_1_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alliedcatalogs.com/html/catalogs_additional/1930/hr139.html"><i>Catalog – Capacitors (Condensers)</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Allied_Electronics" class="mw-redirect" title="Allied Electronics">Allied Radio</a>. 1930. p. 139. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170711160331/http://www.alliedcatalogs.com/html/catalogs_additional/1930/hr139.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-07-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Catalog+%E2%80%93+Capacitors+%28Condensers%29&rft.pages=139&rft.pub=Allied+Radio&rft.date=1930&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.alliedcatalogs.com%2Fhtml%2Fcatalogs_additional%2F1930%2Fhr139.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AE+series+of+preferred+numbers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RadioShack_1940_1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RadioShack_1940_1_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.radioshackcatalogs.com/html/1940/hr054.html">"Catalog – Capacitors (Condensers)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/RadioShack" title="RadioShack">RadioShack</a>. 1940. p. 54. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170711160428/http://www.radioshackcatalogs.com/html/1940/hr054.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-07-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Catalog+%E2%80%93+Capacitors+%28Condensers%29&rft.pages=54&rft.pub=RadioShack&rft.date=1940&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radioshackcatalogs.com%2Fhtml%2F1940%2Fhr054.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AE+series+of+preferred+numbers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AlliedRadio_1930_2-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AlliedRadio_1930_2_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alliedcatalogs.com/html/catalogs_additional/1930/hr141.html"><i>Catalog – Resistors</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Allied_Electronics" class="mw-redirect" title="Allied Electronics">Allied Radio</a>. 1930. p. 141. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170711160506/http://www.alliedcatalogs.com/html/catalogs_additional/1930/hr141.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-07-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Catalog+%E2%80%93+Resistors&rft.pages=141&rft.pub=Allied+Radio&rft.date=1930&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.alliedcatalogs.com%2Fhtml%2Fcatalogs_additional%2F1930%2Fhr141.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AE+series+of+preferred+numbers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RadioShack_1940_2-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RadioShack_1940_2_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.radioshackcatalogs.com/html/1940/hr060.html">"Catalog – Resistors"</a>. <a href="/wiki/RadioShack" title="RadioShack">RadioShack</a>. 1940. p. 60. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170711160604/http://www.radioshackcatalogs.com/html/1940/hr060.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-07-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Catalog+%E2%80%93+Resistors&rft.pages=60&rft.pub=RadioShack&rft.date=1940&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radioshackcatalogs.com%2Fhtml%2F1940%2Fhr060.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AE+series+of+preferred+numbers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FTRC_1943-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FTRC_1943_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FTRC_1943_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFButtnerKohlhaas1943" class="citation book cs1">Buttner, Harold H.; Kohlhaas, H. T., eds. (1943). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldradiohistory.com/BOOKSHELF-ARH/Handbooks/Federal-Reference-Data-Radio-Engineers-1st-1943.pdf"><i>Reference Data for Radio Engineers</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (1 ed.). <a href="/wiki/Federal_Telephone_and_Radio_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Telephone and Radio Corporation">Federal Telephone and Radio Corporation</a> (FTR). pp. 37–38. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220324122028/https://worldradiohistory.com/BOOKSHELF-ARH/Handbooks/Federal-Reference-Data-Radio-Engineers-1st-1943.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2022-03-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reference+Data+for+Radio+Engineers&rft.pages=37-38&rft.edition=1&rft.pub=Federal+Telephone+and+Radio+Corporation+%28FTR%29&rft.date=1943&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fworldradiohistory.com%2FBOOKSHELF-ARH%2FHandbooks%2FFederal-Reference-Data-Radio-Engineers-1st-1943.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AE+series+of+preferred+numbers" class="Z3988"></span> (NB. This 1943 publication already shows a list of new "preferred values of resistance" following what was adopted by the <a href="/wiki/International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">IEC</a> for standardization since 1948 and later standardized in IEC 63:1952. For comparison, it also lists "old standard resistance values" as follows: 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 600, 750, 1 k, 1.2 k, 1.5 k, 2 k, 2.5 k, 3 k, 3.5 k, 4 k, 5 k, 7.5 k, 10 k, 12 k, 15 k, 20 k, 25 k, 30 k, 40 k, 50 k, 60 k, 75 k, 100 k, 120 k, 150 k, 200 k, 250 k, 300 k, 400 k, 500 k, 600 k, 750 k, 1 Meg, 1.5 Meg, 2.0 Meg, 3.0 Meg, 4.0 Meg, 5.0 Meg, 6.0 Meg, 7.0 Meg, 8.0 Meg, 9.0 Meg, 10.00 Meg.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FTRC_1946-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FTRC_1946_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FTRC_1946_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFButtnerKohlhaasMann1946" class="citation book cs1">Buttner, Harold H.; Kohlhaas, H. T.; Mann, F. J., eds. (1946). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tubebooks.org/Books/FTR_ref_data.pdf"><i>Reference Data for Radio Engineers</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (2 ed.). <a href="/wiki/Federal_Telephone_and_Radio_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Telephone and Radio Corporation">Federal Telephone and Radio Corporation</a> (FTR). pp. 53–54. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180516201551/http://www.tubebooks.org/Books/FTR_ref_data.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2018-05-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-01-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reference+Data+for+Radio+Engineers&rft.pages=53-54&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=Federal+Telephone+and+Radio+Corporation+%28FTR%29&rft.date=1946&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tubebooks.org%2FBooks%2FFTR_ref_data.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AE+series+of+preferred+numbers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jameco_2017-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jameco_2017_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jameco.com/Jameco/catalogs/c171/Passives.pdf"><i>Catalog – Passives</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Jameco Electronics. 2017. pp. 29–41. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170711161740/https://www.jameco.com/Jameco/catalogs/c171/Passives.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-07-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Catalog+%E2%80%93+Passives&rft.pages=29-41&rft.pub=Jameco+Electronics&rft.date=2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jameco.com%2FJameco%2Fcatalogs%2Fc171%2FPassives.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AE+series+of+preferred+numbers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Blackburn_1949-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Blackburn_1949_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlackburn1949" class="citation book cs1">Blackburn, John F. (1949). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mit-rad-lab-series-version-3/17%20-%20Components%20Handbook/page/38/mode/2up"><i>Components Handbook</i></a>. MIT Radiation Laboratory Series. Vol. 17. <a href="/wiki/McGraw-Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="McGraw-Hill">McGraw-Hill</a>. p. 38.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Components+Handbook&rft.series=MIT+Radiation+Laboratory+Series&rft.pages=38&rft.pub=McGraw-Hill&rft.date=1949&rft.aulast=Blackburn&rft.aufirst=John+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmit-rad-lab-series-version-3%2F17%2520-%2520Components%2520Handbook%2Fpage%2F38%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AE+series+of+preferred+numbers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dyck_1951-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dyck_1951_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVan_Dyck1951" class="citation journal cs1">Van Dyck, Arthur F. (March 1951) [February 1951]. "Preferred Numbers". <i><a href="/wiki/Proceedings_of_the_Institute_of_Radio_Engineers" class="mw-redirect" title="Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers">Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers</a></i>. <b>39</b> (2). <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Radio_Engineers" title="Institute of Radio Engineers">Institute of Radio Engineers</a> (IRE): 115. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1109%2FJRPROC.1951.230759">10.1109/JRPROC.1951.230759</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0096-8390">0096-8390</a>. <q>[…] For example, some years ago, the <a href="/wiki/Radio-Television_Manufacturers_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Radio-Television Manufacturers Association">Radio-Television Manufacturers Association</a> found it desirable to standardize the values of resistors. The <a href="/wiki/American_Standards_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="American Standards Association">ASA</a> Preferred Numbers Standard was considered, but judged not to suit the manufacturing conditions and the buying practices of the resistor field at the moment, whereas a special series of numbers suited better. The special series was adopted and, since it was an official RTMA list, it has been used by later RTMA committees for other applications than resistors, although adopted originally because of seeming advantages for resistors. Ironically, the original advantages have largely disappeared through changes in resistor manufacturing conditions. But the irregular standard remains... […]</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Institute+of+Radio+Engineers&rft.atitle=Preferred+Numbers&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=115&rft.date=1951-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1109%2FJRPROC.1951.230759&rft.issn=0096-8390&rft.aulast=Van+Dyck&rft.aufirst=Arthur+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AE+series+of+preferred+numbers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IEC_60063_1963-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IEC_60063_1963_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IEC_60063_1963_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IEC_60063_1963_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IEC_60063_1963_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/486"><i>IEC 60063:1963 – Preferred number series for resistors and capacitors – Amended in accordance with Amendments 1 (1967) and 2 (1977)</i></a> (2.0 ed.). <a href="/wiki/International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">International Electrotechnical Commission</a> (IEC). 2007 [1977, 1967, 1963-01-01]. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-8318-0027-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-8318-0027-1"><bdi>978-2-8318-0027-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171101160856/https://webstore.iec.ch/webstore/webstore.nsf/xpPublication.xsp?Open&pubid=486&test&SessionID=EV36GP7SQZ">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-11-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-11</span></span>. <q>[…] During the discussions of <a href="/wiki/IEC_TC_12" class="mw-redirect" title="IEC TC 12">IEC Technical Committee 12</a>: Radio-communication, at the meeting in Stockholm in 1948, it was […] agreed that one of the most urgent items for international standardization was the series of preferred values for resistors and for capacitors up to 0,1 μF. It would have been desirable to standardize for these series the <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{10}]{10}}\!\,}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mroot> <mn>10</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>10</mn> </mrow> </mroot> </mrow> <mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{10}]{10}}\!\,}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d1da2c2b16e5e6d21660906c06eee6ae3aa9a83b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:4.284ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{10}]{10}}\!\,}"></span>-system, but […] in several countries the <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{12}]{10}}\!\,}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mroot> <mn>10</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>12</mn> </mrow> </mroot> </mrow> <mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{12}]{10}}\!\,}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/377adfc2cfe6f63cb4064b558baca2ff92ea37e9" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:4.269ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{12}]{10}}\!\,}"></span>-system had been adopted […] because of standardization of tolerances at 5, 10 and 20%. As it was not practicable to change the commercial practice in these countries, the <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{12}]{10}}\!\,}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mroot> <mn>10</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>12</mn> </mrow> </mroot> </mrow> <mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{12}]{10}}\!\,}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/377adfc2cfe6f63cb4064b558baca2ff92ea37e9" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:4.269ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{12}]{10}}\!\,}"></span>-system was adopted. The Committee expressed regret that […] it was necessary to recommend the <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{12}]{10}}\!\,}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mroot> <mn>10</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>12</mn> </mrow> </mroot> </mrow> <mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{12}]{10}}\!\,}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/377adfc2cfe6f63cb4064b558baca2ff92ea37e9" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:4.269ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{12}]{10}}\!\,}"></span>-system, although it would have been more consistent with ISO practice to use the <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{10}]{10}}\!\,}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mroot> <mn>10</mn> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>10</mn> </mrow> </mroot> </mrow> <mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{10}]{10}}\!\,}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d1da2c2b16e5e6d21660906c06eee6ae3aa9a83b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:4.284ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\sqrt[{10}]{10}}\!\,}"></span>-system. The proposal for the series E6, E12 and E24 of preferred values was accepted in Paris in 1950 and subsequently published […] In 1957, the <a href="/wiki/British_National_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="British National Committee">British National Committee</a> came forward with a proposal for E48 and E96 series […] as an extension […] discussed in Zürich in 1957 and Stockholm in 1958 […] at The Hague in September 1959 […] in Ulm at […] October 1959 […] for approval under the Six Months' Rule in March 1960 […] it was decided […] in Nice in 1962 that these series should be published […]</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=IEC+60063%3A1963+%E2%80%93+Preferred+number+series+for+resistors+and+capacitors+%E2%80%93+Amended+in+accordance+with+Amendments+1+%281967%29+and+2+%281977%29&rft.edition=2.0&rft.pub=International+Electrotechnical+Commission+%28IEC%29&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-2-8318-0027-1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwebstore.iec.ch%2Fpublication%2F486&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AE+series+of+preferred+numbers" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171101225849/https://webstore.iec.ch/p-preview/info_iec60063%7Bed2.0%7Db.pdf">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IEC_60063_1952-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IEC_60063_1952_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IEC_60063_1952_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IEC_60063_1952_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/12583"><i>IEC 60063:1952 – Series of preferred values and their associated tolerances for resistors and capacitors</i></a> (1.0 ed.). <a href="/wiki/International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">International Electrotechnical Commission</a> (IEC). 2007 [1952-01-01]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171101160911/https://webstore.iec.ch/webstore/webstore.nsf/xpPublication.xsp?Open&pubid=12583&test&SessionID=EV3AV7TCL8">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-11-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=IEC+60063%3A1952+%E2%80%93+Series+of+preferred+values+and+their+associated+tolerances+for+resistors+and+capacitors&rft.edition=1.0&rft.pub=International+Electrotechnical+Commission+%28IEC%29&rft.date=2007&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwebstore.iec.ch%2Fpublication%2F12583&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AE+series+of+preferred+numbers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IEC_60063_2015-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IEC_60063_2015_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IEC_60063_2015_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/22011"><i>IEC 60063:2015 – Preferred number series for resistors and capacitors</i></a> (3.0 ed.). <a href="/wiki/International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">International Electrotechnical Commission</a> (IEC). 2015-03-27. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-8322-2427-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-8322-2427-4"><bdi>978-2-8322-2427-4</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170711101632/https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/22011">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-07-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=IEC+60063%3A2015+%E2%80%93+Preferred+number+series+for+resistors+and+capacitors&rft.edition=3.0&rft.pub=International+Electrotechnical+Commission+%28IEC%29&rft.date=2015-03-27&rft.isbn=978-2-8322-2427-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwebstore.iec.ch%2Fpublication%2F22011&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AE+series+of+preferred+numbers" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171101230042/https://webstore.iec.ch/preview/info_iec60063%7Bed3.0%7Db.pdf">[2]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bourns_2017-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bourns_2017_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bourns.com/support/technical-articles/standard-values-used-in-capacitors-inductors-and-resistors">"Standard Values Used in Capacitors, Inductors, and Resistors"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bourns,_Inc." title="Bourns, Inc.">Bourns</a>. 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170711130808/http://www.bourns.com/support/technical-articles/standard-values-used-in-capacitors-inductors-and-resistors">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-07-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Standard+Values+Used+in+Capacitors%2C+Inductors%2C+and+Resistors&rft.pub=Bourns&rft.date=2017&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bourns.com%2Fsupport%2Ftechnical-articles%2Fstandard-values-used-in-capacitors-inductors-and-resistors&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AE+series+of+preferred+numbers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Vishay_2017_Thick-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Vishay_2017_Thick_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vishay.com/docs/20035/dcrcwe3.pdf">"D/CRCW e3 – Standard Thick Film Chip Resistors – Datasheet"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Vishay_Intertechnology" title="Vishay Intertechnology">Vishay Intertechnology</a>. 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170711163408/http://www.vishay.com/docs/20035/dcrcwe3.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-07-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=D%2FCRCW+e3+%E2%80%93+Standard+Thick+Film+Chip+Resistors+%E2%80%93+Datasheet&rft.pub=Vishay+Intertechnology&rft.date=2017&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vishay.com%2Fdocs%2F20035%2Fdcrcwe3.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AE+series+of+preferred+numbers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Vishay_2017_Thin-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Vishay_2017_Thin_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mouser.com/ds/2/427/tnpw_e3-64594.pdf">"TNPW e3 – High Stability Thin Film Flat Chip Resistors – Datasheet"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Vishay_Intertechnology" title="Vishay Intertechnology">Vishay Intertechnology</a>. 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170711163418/http://www.mouser.com/ds/2/427/tnpw_e3-64594.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-07-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=TNPW+e3+%E2%80%93+High+Stability+Thin+Film+Flat+Chip+Resistors+%E2%80%93+Datasheet&rft.pub=Vishay+Intertechnology&rft.date=2017&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mouser.com%2Fds%2F2%2F427%2Ftnpw_e3-64594.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AE+series+of+preferred+numbers" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KiCad_2020-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-KiCad_2020_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gitlab.com/kicad/code/kicad/-/blob/master/pcb_calculator/eseries.h?ref_type=heads">"eseries.h"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/KiCad" title="KiCad">KiCad</a></i>. 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240430174836/https://gitlab.com/kicad/code/kicad/-/blob/master/pcb_calculator/eseries.h?ref_type=heads">Archived</a> from the original on 2024-04-30<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-30</span></span>. <q>[…] E1 is not in the IEC standard. […]</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=KiCad&rft.atitle=eseries.h&rft.date=2020&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgitlab.com%2Fkicad%2Fcode%2Fkicad%2F-%2Fblob%2Fmaster%2Fpcb_calculator%2Feseries.h%3Fref_type%3Dheads&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AE+series+of+preferred+numbers" class="Z3988"></span> (NB. <a href="/wiki/KiCad" title="KiCad">KiCad</a>'s Calculator Tool supports the E1 series since 2020.)</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=E_series_of_preferred_numbers&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:E12_values" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:E12 values">E12 values</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li>Calculate the closest component value to any E-series with an <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WvESH9DNRQU">Excel User Defined Function</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.edn.com/design/design-tools/development-kits/4404021/Calculate-standard-resistor-values-in-Excel">Calculate standard resistor values in Excel</a> – EDN magazine</li></ul> <p><b>Printable E series tables</b> </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171107221338/https://servenger.com/Resources/Standard_Resistor_Values.pdf">E6 to E96 Table</a> – Servenger</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vishay.com/docs/28372/e-series.pdf">E3 to E192 Table</a> – Vishay</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="IEC_standards" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:List_of_IEC_standards" title="Template:List of IEC standards"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:List_of_IEC_standards" title="Template talk:List of IEC standards"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:List_of_IEC_standards" title="Special:EditPage/Template:List of IEC standards"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="IEC_standards" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_IEC_standards" title="List of IEC standards">IEC standards</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">IEC</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IEC_60027" title="IEC 60027">60027</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_60034" title="IEC 60034">60034</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_60038" title="IEC 60038">60038</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RKM_code" title="RKM code">60062</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">60063</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_60068" title="IEC 60068">60068</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparative_Tracking_Index" title="Comparative Tracking Index">60112</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_60228" title="IEC 60228">60228</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_60269" title="IEC 60269">60269</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/19-inch_rack" title="19-inch rack">60297</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_60309" title="IEC 60309">60309</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_60320" title="IEC 60320">60320</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_60364" title="IEC 60364">60364</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_60446" title="IEC 60446">60446</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_754" title="IEEE 754">60559</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_60601" title="IEC 60601">60601</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_60870" title="IEC 60870">60870</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IEC_60870-5" title="IEC 60870-5">60870-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_60870-6" title="IEC 60870-6">60870-6</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_60906-1" title="IEC 60906-1">60906-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compact_Disc_Digital_Audio" title="Compact Disc Digital Audio">60908</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_60929" title="IEC 60929">60929</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AES3" title="AES3">60958</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IEC_60980-344&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IEC 60980-344 (page does not exist)">60980-344</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_61030" title="IEC 61030">61030</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_61131" title="IEC 61131">61131</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IEC_61131-3" title="IEC 61131-3">61131-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IO-Link" title="IO-Link">61131-9</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fieldbus" title="Fieldbus">61158</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_61162" title="IEC 61162">61162</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_61334" title="IEC 61334">61334</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_61355" title="IEC 61355">61355</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_61360" title="IEC 61360">61360</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_61400" title="IEC 61400">61400</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_61499" title="IEC 61499">61499</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_61508" title="IEC 61508">61508</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_61511" title="IEC 61511">61511</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fieldbus" title="Fieldbus">61784</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_61850" title="IEC 61850">61850</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_61851" title="IEC 61851">61851</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_61883" title="IEC 61883">61883</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battery_nomenclature" title="Battery nomenclature">61960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_61968" title="IEC 61968">61968</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_61970" title="IEC 61970">61970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IP-XACT" title="IP-XACT">62014-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fieldbus" title="Fieldbus">62026</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_62056" title="IEC 62056">62056</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_62061" title="IEC 62061">62061</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_62196" title="IEC 62196">62196</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EN_62262" title="EN 62262">62262</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_62264" title="IEC 62264">62264</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_62304" title="IEC 62304">62304</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_62325" title="IEC 62325">62325</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_62351" title="IEC 62351">62351</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AES47" title="AES47">62365</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_62366" title="IEC 62366">62366</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_62379" title="IEC 62379">62379</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Addressable_Lighting_Interface" title="Digital Addressable Lighting Interface">62386</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_62455" title="IEC 62455">62455</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USB" title="USB">62680</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_62682" title="IEC 62682">62682</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_62700" title="IEC 62700">62700</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_63110" title="IEC 63110">63110</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_63119" title="IEC 63119">63119</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_63382" title="IEC 63382">63382</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">ISO/IEC</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_646" title="ISO/IEC 646">646</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COBOL" title="COBOL">1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_2022" title="ISO/IEC 2022">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_4909" title="ISO/IEC 4909">4909</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_5218" title="ISO/IEC 5218">5218</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ANSI_escape_code" title="ANSI escape code">6429</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_6523" title="ISO/IEC 6523">6523</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_7810" title="ISO/IEC 7810">7810</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_7811" title="ISO/IEC 7811">7811</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_7812" title="ISO/IEC 7812">7812</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_7813" title="ISO/IEC 7813">7813</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_7816" title="ISO/IEC 7816">7816</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphical_Kernel_System" title="Graphical Kernel System">7942</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Document_Architecture" title="Open Document Architecture">8613</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_Graphics_Metafile" title="Computer Graphics Metafile">8632</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_8652" title="ISO/IEC 8652">8652</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_8859" title="ISO/IEC 8859">8859</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_9126" title="ISO/IEC 9126">9126</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File_Allocation_Table" title="File Allocation Table">9293</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CHILL" title="CHILL">9496</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_9529" title="ISO/IEC 9529">9529</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PHIGS" title="PHIGS">9592</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PHIGS" title="PHIGS">9593</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ANSI_C" title="ANSI C">9899</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/POSIX" title="POSIX">9945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_9995" title="ISO/IEC 9995">9995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_10021" title="ISO/IEC 10021">10021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_10116" title="ISO/IEC 10116">10116</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guidelines_for_the_Definition_of_Managed_Objects" title="Guidelines for the Definition of Managed Objects">10165</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Document_Style_Semantics_and_Specification_Language" title="Document Style Semantics and Specification Language">10179</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full_BASIC" title="Full BASIC">10279</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Coded_Character_Set" title="Universal Coded Character Set">10646</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_10967" title="ISO/IEC 10967">10967</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-1" title="MPEG-1">11172</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_11179" title="ISO/IEC 11179">11179</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_11404" title="ISO/IEC 11404">11404</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JBIG" title="JBIG">11544</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_11801" title="ISO/IEC 11801">11801</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_12207" title="ISO/IEC 12207">12207</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topic_map" title="Topic map">13250</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Disk_Format" title="Universal Disk Format">13346</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MHEG-5" title="MHEG-5">13522-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z_notation" title="Z notation">13568</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISLISP" title="ISLISP">13816</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-2" title="MPEG-2">13818</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_14443" title="ISO/IEC 14443">14443</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-4" title="MPEG-4">14496</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_14651" title="ISO/IEC 14651">14651</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">14882</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_15288" title="ISO/IEC 15288">15288</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ada_Semantic_Interface_Specification" title="Ada Semantic Interface Specification">15291</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Criteria" title="Common Criteria">15408</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JPEG_2000" title="JPEG 2000">15444</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">15445</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_15504" title="ISO/IEC 15504">15504</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Identifier_for_Libraries_and_Related_Organizations" title="International Standard Identifier for Libraries and Related Organizations">15511</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_15693" title="ISO/IEC 15693">15693</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_15897" title="ISO/IEC 15897">15897</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-7" title="MPEG-7">15938</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ECMAScript" title="ECMAScript">16262</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixed_raster_content" title="Mixed raster content">16485</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_17024" title="ISO/IEC 17024">17024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_17025" title="ISO/IEC 17025">17025</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QR_code" title="QR code">18004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_18014" title="ISO/IEC 18014">18014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JPEG_XL" title="JPEG XL">18181</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_19752" title="ISO/IEC 19752">19752</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RELAX_NG" title="RELAX NG">19757</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_19770" title="ISO/IEC 19770">19770</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_19788" title="ISO/IEC 19788">19788</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_20000" title="ISO/IEC 20000">20000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Data_Protocol" title="Open Data Protocol">20802</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-21" title="MPEG-21">21000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_21827" title="ISO/IEC 21827">21827</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ECMAScript" title="ECMAScript">22275</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ECMAScript_for_XML" title="ECMAScript for XML">22537</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-A" title="MPEG-A">23000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-D" title="MPEG-D">23003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPEG-H" title="MPEG-H">23008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C_Sharp_(programming_language)" title="C Sharp (programming language)">23270</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linux_Standard_Base" title="Linux Standard Base">23360</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Logic" title="Common Logic">24707</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_24727" title="ISO/IEC 24727">24727</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_24744" title="ISO/IEC 24744">24744</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Remote_Console" title="Universal Remote Console">24752</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenDocument" title="OpenDocument">26300</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_27000" title="ISO/IEC 27000">27000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_27000-series" class="mw-redirect" title="ISO/IEC 27000-series">27000-series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_27002" title="ISO/IEC 27002">27002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_27040" title="ISO/IEC 27040">27040</a></li> <li>29110</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_29119" title="ISO/IEC 29119">29119</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_33001" title="ISO/IEC 33001">33001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_38500" title="ISO/IEC 38500">38500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graph_Query_Language" title="Graph Query Language">39075</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_42010" title="ISO/IEC 42010">42010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_80000" title="ISO/IEC 80000">80000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEC_81346" title="IEC 81346">81346</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Electrotechnical_Commission" title="International Electrotechnical Commission">International Electrotechnical Commission</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=E_series_of_preferred_numbers&oldid=1235297875">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=E_series_of_preferred_numbers&oldid=1235297875</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Electrical_components" title="Category:Electrical components">Electrical components</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Numbers" title="Category:Numbers">Numbers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Industrial_design" title="Category:Industrial design">Industrial design</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Logarithmic_scales_of_measurement" title="Category:Logarithmic scales of measurement">Logarithmic scales of measurement</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_August_2021" title="Category:Use dmy dates from August 2021">Use dmy dates from August 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_list-defined_references_from_December_2021" title="Category:Use list-defined references from December 2021">Use list-defined references from December 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_locally_defined" title="Category:Commons category link is locally defined">Commons category link is locally defined</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 18 July 2024, at 16:20<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=E_series_of_preferred_numbers&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-4fxvw","wgBackendResponseTime":189,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.645","walltime":"0.896","ppvisitednodes":{"value":2495,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":66060,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":2704,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":14,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":5,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":82068,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 688.104 1 -total"," 29.95% 206.096 2 Template:Reflist"," 16.72% 115.080 1 Template:List_of_IEC_standards"," 15.94% 109.690 10 Template:Cite_book"," 15.68% 107.900 1 Template:Navbox"," 15.24% 104.842 1 Template:Annotated_link"," 14.63% 100.642 1 Template:Short_description"," 13.11% 90.229 1 Template:Commonscat"," 12.64% 86.983 1 Template:Sister_project"," 12.40% 85.316 1 Template:Side_box"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.372","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":18296945,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-qfk9f","timestamp":"20241122151537","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"E series of preferred numbers","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/E_series_of_preferred_numbers","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q36910","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q36910","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2016-12-18T12:34:10Z","dateModified":"2024-07-18T16:20:38Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/6\/62\/E12_Series_Ten_Percent_Tolerance.svg","headline":"standardized sequence of property values \u200b\u200bof electrical components"}</script> </body> </html>