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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Overview of pensions in India</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p><p>India operates a complex pension system. There are however three major pillars to the <b>Indian pension system</b>: the solidarity social assistance called the <a href="/wiki/National_Social_Assistance_Scheme" title="National Social Assistance Scheme">National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP)</a> for the elderly poor, the <a href="/wiki/National_Pension_System" title="National Pension System">civil servants pension</a> (now open for all) and the mandatory defined contribution pension programs run by the <a href="/wiki/Employees%27_Provident_Fund_Organisation_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Employees' Provident Fund Organisation of India">Employees' Provident Fund Organisation of India</a> for private sector employees and employees of state owned companies, and several voluntary plans.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Non-contributory_minimum_pension">Non-contributory minimum pension</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_India&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Non-contributory minimum pension"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/National_Social_Assistance_Scheme" title="National Social Assistance Scheme">National Social Assistance Scheme</a></div> <p>The National Social Assistance Scheme is a limited social safety net for the elderly poor and disabled who falls under the official poverty line. It is a non-contributory <a href="/wiki/Pension" title="Pension">pension</a> introduced in 1995. It is targeted at people between 60 and 65 years old who have not been in paid work either for health reasons or because they were carers. To be eligible, one must be above the age of 60 and <a href="/wiki/Below_Poverty_Line_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Below Poverty Line (India)">below the poverty line</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is funded through the general taxation. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="National_Pension_System">National Pension System</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_India&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: National Pension System"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/National_Pension_System" title="National Pension System">National Pension System</a></div> <p>Civil Servants who joined service before 2004 are entitled to the Civil Service Pension Scheme and the General Provident Fund. These were established in 1972 and 1981 respectively. It was a defined benefit system that the employees did not contribute to and the pension was funded through the general state budget. To qualify for a pension, one must have been in service for at least ten years and the pensionable age was 58. The retired employee received 50% of his/her last salary as the monthly pension. Due to the severe financial burden that this system was placing on government finances that it was abolished for new civil service employees from the year 2004 and replaced by the <a href="/wiki/National_Pension_System" title="National Pension System">National Pension System</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/National_Pension_System" title="National Pension System">National Pension System (NPS)</a> is a defined contribution pension system administered and regulated by the <a href="/wiki/Pension_Fund_Regulatory_and_Development_Authority" title="Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority">Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority</a> (PFRDA), created by an Act of the Parliament of India. The NPS started with the decision of the Government of India to stop defined benefit pensions, <a href="/wiki/Old_Pension_Scheme_(OPS)" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Pension Scheme (OPS)">Old Pension Scheme (OPS)</a> for all its employees who joined after 1 January 2004. The employee contributes 10% of his gross salary to the system while the employer contributes a matching amount. At the official age of retirement, the employee can withdraw 60% of the amount as a lump sum while 40% needs to be compulsorily used to buy <a href="/wiki/Annuity" title="Annuity">annuity</a> that will be used to pay a monthly pension. The system tries to achieve a target of 50% of the last salary of the employee. This system has been made compulsory for all civil servants but voluntary for others. In the General Provident Fund Scheme, the employee needs to contribute at least 6% of his gross salary and there is a guaranteed return of 8%. The employee can withdraw the lump sum amount when he/she retires.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mandatory_state_provident_fund_and_pension_provision">Mandatory state provident fund and pension provision</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_India&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Mandatory state provident fund and pension provision"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Employees%27_Provident_Fund_Organisation" title="Employees' Provident Fund Organisation">Employees' Provident Fund Organisation</a></div> <p>This mandatory scheme is part of the <a href="/wiki/Social_Security_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Social Security in India">Social Security system in India</a> that covers all employees of the private sector and employees of state owned companies. It is run by the social security body Employees' Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO). In this system, an employee contributes 10% to 12% of his monthly salary here and his employer contributes a matching amount, with a total contribution of 20% to 24% of the employee's gross salary, while the state contributes an additional 1.16%, which makes it a total of 25.16% of the employee's gross salary. The contributions go towards the mandatory provident fund, the mandatory pension scheme and a mandatory disability and life insurance scheme. The employee withdraws the lump-sum amount deposited for the provident fund along with the interest accumulated once the employee reaches the statutory retirement age. In case of death or permanent disability during work, the dependent gets a monthly pension throughout their life.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most retired employees buys lifetime annuity or pension plan with the lump-sum amount from state-owned banks or insurance companies which provides them with a monthly pension amount that's close to 50% of their last salary for a lifetime.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voluntary_Schemes">Voluntary Schemes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_India&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Voluntary Schemes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Government of India launched <a href="/wiki/Pradhan_Mantri_Shram_Yogi_Maan-Dhan" class="mw-redirect" title="Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maan-Dhan">Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maan-Dhan</a> (PMSYM) in February 2019 to provide an assured pension of <span class="nowrap"><span style="white-space: nowrap">₹</span>3,000</span> (US$36) per month to unorganised workers.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several private companies additionally provides private pension plans for their employees which are voluntary. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_India&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Social_Security_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Social Security in India">Social Security in India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pension" title="Pension">Pension</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_labor_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian labor law">Indian labor law</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_India&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.shaleshyadav.com/2020/07/sspy-sspy-pension-list-2020-sarkari.html?m=1">[1]</a> </p> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120501063159/http://www.globalaging.org/pension/world/social/india.pdf">India Social Pension</a><sup><a href="/wiki/Template:Usurped/doc" title="Template:Usurped/doc">[usurped]</a></sup>. GlobalAging.org. Accessed April 29, 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220620042941/https://nsap.nic.in/">"National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP)|Ministry Of Rural Development|Government Of India"</a>. NSAP. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nsap.nic.in/">the original</a> on 20 June 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+Social+Assistance+Programme+%28NSAP%29%26%23124%3BMinistry+Of+Rural+Development%26%23124%3BGovernment+Of+India&rft.pub=NSAP&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnsap.nic.in%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APensions+in+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/govt-to-scrap-pension-scheme-for-new-staff/articleshow/235447.cms">"Govt to scrap pension scheme for new staff - Times of India"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_India" title="The Times of India">The Times of India</a></i>. 16 October 2003.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Govt+to+scrap+pension+scheme+for+new+staff+-+Times+of+India&rft.date=2003-10-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fbusiness%2Findia-business%2Fgovt-to-scrap-pension-scheme-for-new-staff%2Farticleshow%2F235447.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APensions+in+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.policybazaar.com/life-insurance/pension-plans/articles/how-general-provident-funds-works/">https://www.policybazaar.com/life-insurance/pension-plans/articles/how-general-provident-funds-works/</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs"><span title="A full citation is required to prevent link rot. (August 2022)">bare URL</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.epfindia.gov.in/site_en/For_Employees.php">"EPFO || For Employees"</a>. Epfindia.gov.in<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=EPFO+%26%23124%3B%26%23124%3B+For+Employees&rft.pub=Epfindia.gov.in&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.epfindia.gov.in%2Fsite_en%2FFor_Employees.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APensions+in+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.financialexpress.com/money/retirement-planning-how-much-money-do-you-need-to-retire-comfortably-in-india/1892963/">"Retirement Planning: How much money do you need to retire comfortably in India?"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Retirement+Planning%3A+How+much+money+do+you+need+to+retire+comfortably+in+India%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.financialexpress.com%2Fmoney%2Fretirement-planning-how-much-money-do-you-need-to-retire-comfortably-in-india%2F1892963%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APensions+in+India" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">{{citation |title=Good News! Unorganised workers can now subscribe to this pension scheme |url=<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.shaleshyadav.com/2020/07/sspy-sspy-pension-list-2020-sarkari.html?m=1%7Cwork=">https://www.shaleshyadav.com/2020/07/sspy-sspy-pension-list-2020-sarkari.html?m=1%7Cwork=</a>[[government pension yojna}}</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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title="Hawker (trade)">Street vendors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_India" title="Transport in India">Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_basic_income_in_India" title="Universal basic income in India">Universal basic income</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urbanization_in_India" title="Urbanization in India">Urbanisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unemployment_in_India" title="Unemployment in India">Unemployment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Income_inequality_in_India" title="Income inequality in India">Widening income gap</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Education_in_India" title="Education in India">Education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Literacy_in_India" title="Literacy in India">Literacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ragging#Ragging_in_India" 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menstruation">Menstrual taboo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_India" title="Prostitution in India">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape_in_India" title="Rape in India">Rape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sati_(practice)" title="Sati (practice)">Sati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_inequality_in_India" title="Gender inequality in India">Sexism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Caste_system_in_India" title="Caste system in India">Caste system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caste_politics" title="Caste politics">Caste politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caste-related_violence_in_India" title="Caste-related violence in India">Caste-related violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalit" title="Dalit">Dalit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reservation_in_India" title="Reservation in India">Reservation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Communalism_(South_Asia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Communalism (South Asia)">Communalism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_states_and_union_territories_of_India" title="Proposed states and union territories of India">Proposed states and territories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_relations_in_India" title="Ethnic relations in India">Ethnic relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_violence_in_India" title="Religious violence in India">Religious violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secularism_in_India" title="Secularism in India">Secularism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separatist_movements_of_India" title="Separatist movements of India">Separatist movements</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_India" title="Crime in India">Crime</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_India" title="Corruption in India">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groom_kidnapping" title="Groom kidnapping">Groom kidnapping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking_in_India" title="Human trafficking in India">Human trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_housing_in_India" title="Illegal housing in India">Illegal housing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_India" title="Illegal immigration to India">Illegal immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_scams_in_India" title="Mining scams in India">Illegal mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organised_crime_in_India" title="Organised crime in India">Organised crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_India" title="Terrorism in India">Terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vigilantism#India" title="Vigilantism">Vigilantism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_police#India" title="Internet police">Cybercrime</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_India" title="Healthcare in India">Health</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diabetes_in_India" title="Diabetes in India">Diabetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Epidemics_in_India" title="Category:Epidemics in India">Epidemics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HIV/AIDS_in_India" title="HIV/AIDS in India">HIV/AIDS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leprosy_in_India" title="Leprosy in India">Leprosy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malnutrition_in_India" title="Malnutrition in India">Malnutrition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obesity_in_India" title="Obesity in India">Obesity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suicide_in_India" title="Suicide in India">Suicide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuberculosis_in_India" title="Tuberculosis in India">Tuberculosis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Media_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of India">Media</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_India" title="Censorship in India">Censorship</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_India" title="Internet censorship in India">Internet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_about_social_issues_in_India" title="Category:Films about social issues in India">Films about social issues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_expression_in_India" title="Freedom of expression in India">Freedom of expression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_television_drama#Social_impact" title="Indian television drama">Social impact of Indian television drama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fake_news_in_India" title="Fake news in India">Fake news</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Discrimination_based_on_skin_tone#India" title="Discrimination based on skin tone">Colourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_feudalism" title="Indian feudalism">Feudalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambling_in_India" title="Gambling in India">Gambling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_India" title="Sexuality in India">Sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in India">LGBT</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Homosexuality_in_India" title="Homosexuality in India">Homosexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hijra_(South_Asia)" title="Hijra (South Asia)">Hijra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_India" title="Human rights in India">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_prohibition_in_India" title="Alcohol prohibition in India">Prohibition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superstition_in_India" title="Superstition in India">Superstitions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disability_in_India" title="Disability in India">Disability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_brutality_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Police brutality in India">Police brutality</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Pensions_in_Asia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Asia_topic" title="Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Asia_topic" title="Template talk:Asia topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Asia_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Pensions_in_Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Pensions in Asia</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Afghanistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Afghanistan (page does not exist)">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pensions_in_Armenia" title="Pensions in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Azerbaijan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Azerbaijan (page does not exist)">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Bahrain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Bahrain (page does not exist)">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Bangladesh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Bangladesh (page does not exist)">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Bhutan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Bhutan (page does not exist)">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Brunei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Brunei (page does not exist)">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Cambodia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Cambodia (page does not exist)">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_China&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in China (page does not exist)">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pensions_in_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pensions in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_East_Timor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in East Timor (page does not exist)">East Timor (Timor-Leste)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Egypt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Egypt (page does not exist)">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Georgia_(country)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Georgia (country) (page does not exist)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">India</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Indonesia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Indonesia (page does not exist)">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Iran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Iran (page does not exist)">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Iraq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Iraq (page does not exist)">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pensions_in_Israel" title="Pensions in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pensions_in_Japan" title="Pensions in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Jordan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Jordan (page does not exist)">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Kazakhstan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Kazakhstan (page does not exist)">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_North_Korea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in North Korea (page does not exist)">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pensions_in_South_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Pensions in South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Kuwait&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Kuwait (page does not exist)">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Kyrgyzstan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Kyrgyzstan (page does not exist)">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Laos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Laos (page does not exist)">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Lebanon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Lebanon (page does not exist)">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Malaysia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Malaysia (page does not exist)">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_the_Maldives&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in the Maldives (page does not exist)">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Mongolia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Mongolia (page does not exist)">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Myanmar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Myanmar (page does not exist)">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Nepal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Nepal (page does not exist)">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Oman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Oman (page does not exist)">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pensions_in_Pakistan" title="Pensions in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_the_Philippines&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in the Philippines (page does not exist)">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Qatar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Qatar (page does not exist)">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Russia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Russia (page does not exist)">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Saudi_Arabia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Saudi Arabia (page does not exist)">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Singapore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Singapore (page does not exist)">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Sri_Lanka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Sri Lanka (page does not exist)">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Syria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Syria (page does not exist)">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Tajikistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Tajikistan (page does not exist)">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Thailand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Thailand (page does not exist)">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pensions_in_Turkey" title="Pensions in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Turkmenistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Turkmenistan (page does not exist)">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in the United Arab Emirates (page does not exist)">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Uzbekistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Uzbekistan (page does not exist)">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pensions_in_Vietnam" title="Pensions in Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Yemen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Yemen (page does not exist)">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with<br />limited recognition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Abkhazia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Abkhazia (page does not exist)">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Northern Cyprus (page does not exist)">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_the_State_of_Palestine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in the State of Palestine (page does not exist)">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Taiwan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Taiwan (page does not exist)">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a> and<br />other territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in the British Indian Ocean Territory (page does not exist)">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Christmas_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Christmas Island (page does not exist)">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in the Cocos (Keeling) Islands (page does not exist)">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Hong_Kong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Hong Kong (page does not exist)">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensions_in_Macau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensions in Macau (page does not exist)">Macau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" 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