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Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/AIPAC" title="AIPAC">AIPAC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asia%E2%80%93Pacific" title="Asia–Pacific">APAC</a>, or <a href="/wiki/OPEC" title="OPEC">OPEC</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043282317">.mw-parser-output .ib-country{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country td,.mw-parser-output .ib-country th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-names{padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-name-style{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style>Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈeɪpɛk/</a> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">AY-pek</a><a href="#cite_note-2">[1]</a>) is an inter-governmental forum for 21 member <a href="/wiki/Economy" title="Economy">economies</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Rim" title="Pacific Rim">Pacific Rim</a> that promotes <a href="/wiki/Free_trade" title="Free trade">free trade</a> throughout the <a href="/wiki/Asia-Pacific" class="mw-redirect" title="Asia-Pacific">Asia-Pacific</a> region.<a href="#cite_note-apec.org-3">[2]</a> Following the success of <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="Association of Southeast Asian Nations">ASEAN</a>'s series of post-ministerial conferences launched in the mid-1980s,<a href="#cite_note-4">[3]</a> APEC started in 1989,<a href="#cite_note-History-5">[4]</a> in response to the growing interdependence of <a href="/wiki/Asia-Pacific" class="mw-redirect" title="Asia-Pacific">Asia-Pacific</a> economies and the advent of regional <a href="/wiki/Trade_bloc" title="Trade bloc">trade blocs</a> in other parts of the world; it aimed to establish new markets for agricultural products and raw materials beyond Europe.<a href="#cite_note-pecc.org-6">[5]</a> Headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>,<a href="#cite_note-7">[6]</a> APEC is recognized as one of the highest-level multilateral blocs and oldest forums in the Asia-Pacific region,<a href="#cite_note-8">[7]</a> and exerts significant global influence.<a href="#cite_note-9">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[11]</a> <table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="ib-country-names"><div class="ib-country-name-style fn org country-name">Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation</div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div style="padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><a href="/wiki/File:APEC_logo_vertical.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6a/APEC_logo_vertical.svg/230px-APEC_logo_vertical.svg.png" decoding="async" width="230" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6a/APEC_logo_vertical.svg/345px-APEC_logo_vertical.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6a/APEC_logo_vertical.svg/460px-APEC_logo_vertical.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="409" data-file-height="244"></a></div> <div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation_nations.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation_nations.svg/300px-Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation_nations.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation_nations.svg/450px-Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation_nations.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation_nations.svg/600px-Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation_nations.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="853" data-file-height="433"></a><div class="ib-country-map-caption">Member economies of APEC</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/35px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/45px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Economic meeting</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Membership</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; background: transparent; text-align: left; font-weight: normal;"><div>21 economies</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="256"> <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/35px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/46px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720"> <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; 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margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"> <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560"> <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"> <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/31px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/40px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450"> <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/35px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/45px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"> <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/35px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/45px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a><a href="#cite_note-ChinTaipei-1">[a]</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650"> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Leaders</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Chairperson </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"> <a href="/wiki/President_of_South_Korea" title="President of South Korea">Pres.</a> <a href="/wiki/Choi_Sang-mok" title="Choi Sang-mok">Choi Sang-mok</a> (acting)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Executive Directors </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"> Rebecca Fatima Santa Maria</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Establishment</th><td class="infobox-data">1989; 36 years ago (1989)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="ib-country-website">Website <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.apec.org/">www.apec.org</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table> The <a href="/wiki/Heads_of_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Heads of government">heads of government</a> of all APEC members except <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> (which is represented by a <a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_Taipei_Representatives_to_APEC" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Chinese Taipei Representatives to APEC">ministerial-level official</a> as economic leader)<a href="#cite_note-13">[12]</a> attend an annual APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting. The location of the meeting rotates annually among the member economies, and a famous tradition, followed for most (but not all) summits, involves the attending leaders dressing in a <a href="/wiki/National_costume" class="mw-redirect" title="National costume">national costume</a> of the host country. APEC has three official observers: the <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="Association of Southeast Asian Nations">Association of Southeast Asian Nations</a> Secretariat, the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Economic_Cooperation_Council" title="Pacific Economic Cooperation Council">Pacific Economic Cooperation Council</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islands_Forum" title="Pacific Islands Forum">Pacific Islands Forum</a> Secretariat.<a href="#cite_note-14">[13]</a> APEC's Host Economy of the Year is considered to be invited in the first place for geographical representation to attend <a href="/wiki/G20" title="G20">G20</a> meetings following G20 guidelines.<a href="#cite_note-15">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-16">[15]</a> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History">1 History</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Meeting_locations">1.1 Meeting locations</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Member_economies">2 Member economies</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Leaders">2.1 Leaders</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-5"><a href="#Current_leaders">2.1.1 Current leaders</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Possible_enlargement">3 Possible enlargement</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Business_facilitation">4 Business facilitation</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Proposed_FTAAP">4.1 Proposed FTAAP</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#APEC_Study_Centre_Consortium">5 APEC Study Centre Consortium</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#APEC_Business_Advisory_Council">6 APEC Business Advisory Council</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="#Annual_APEC_economic_leaders'_meetings">7 Annual APEC economic leaders' meetings</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="#Meeting_developments">7.1 Meeting developments</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="#APEC_leaders'_group_photo">7.2 APEC leaders' group photo</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="#APEC_Summits">7.3 APEC Summits</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="#Criticism">8 Criticism</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="#See_also">9 See also</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17"><a href="#Other_organisations_of_coastal_states">9.1 Other organisations of coastal states</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><a href="#Notes">10 Notes</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19"><a href="#References">11 References</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-20"><a href="#Further_reading">12 Further reading</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-21"><a href="#External_links">13 External links</a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><h2 id="History">History</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/APEC_ABC.ogv/220px--APEC_ABC.ogv.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="109" data-mwtitle="APEC_ABC.ogv" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:APEC_ABC.ogv"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/APEC_ABC.ogv/APEC_ABC.ogv.360p.webm" type='video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"' data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="512" data-height="288"></source><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/APEC_ABC.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' data-width="512" data-height="288"></source><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/APEC_ABC.ogv/APEC_ABC.ogv.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144"></source><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/APEC_ABC.ogv/APEC_ABC.ogv.240p.vp9.webm" type='video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"' data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240"></source><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AAPEC_ABC.ogv&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr"></track><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AAPEC_ABC.ogv&lang=vi&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="vi" label="Tiếng Việt ‪(vi)‬" data-dir="ltr"></track></video><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Australian_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Australian Broadcasting Corporation">ABC</a> news report of the first APEC meeting in Canberra, November 1989, featuring delegates watching the <a href="/wiki/Melbourne_Cup" title="Melbourne Cup">Melbourne Cup</a></figcaption></figure> The initial inspiration for APEC came when the <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="Association of Southeast Asian Nations">Association of Southeast Asian Nations</a> (ASEAN)'s series of post-ministerial conferences, launched in the mid-1980s, had demonstrated the feasibility and value of regular conferences among ministerial-level representatives of both developed and developing economies. By 1986, the post-ministerial conferences had expanded to embrace 12 members (the then six members of ASEAN and its six dialogue partners). The developments led <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Australia" title="Prime Minister of Australia">Australian Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke">Bob Hawke</a> to believe in the necessity of region-wide co-operation on economic matters. In January 1989, Bob Hawke called for more effective economic co-operation across the Pacific Rim region. This led to the first meeting of APEC in the Australian capital of <a href="/wiki/Canberra" title="Canberra">Canberra</a> in November, chaired by <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Foreign_Affairs_(Australia)" title="Minister for Foreign Affairs (Australia)"> Australian Foreign Affairs Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Gareth_Evans_(politician)" title="Gareth Evans (politician)">Gareth Evans</a>. Attended by ministers from twelve countries, the meeting concluded with commitments to hold future annual meetings in <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a>. Ten months later, representatives of 12 Asia-Pacific economies met in Canberra, Australia, to establish APEC. The APEC Secretariat, based in Singapore, was established to co-ordinate the activities of the organisation.<a href="#cite_note-History-5">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-pecc.org-6">[5]</a> During the 1994 meeting in <a href="/wiki/Bogor" title="Bogor">Bogor</a>, Indonesia, APEC leaders adopted the Bogor Goals, which aimed for free and open trade and investment in the Asia-Pacific by 2010 for industrialised economies and by 2020 for developing economies. During the November 1995 Ministerial Meeting in Osaka, Japan, a business advisory body named the APEC Business Advisory Council (ABAC) composed of three business executives from each member-country was agreed to be established in 1996.<a href="#cite_note-17">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[17]</a> In April 2001, APEC, in collaboration with five other international organisations (<a href="/wiki/Eurostat" title="Eurostat">Eurostat</a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Energy_Agency" title="International Energy Agency">International Energy Agency</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Organizaci%C3%B3n_Latinoamericana_de_Energ%C3%ADa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Organización Latinoamericana de Energía (page does not exist)">Organización Latinoamericana de Energía (OLADE)</a> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizaci%C3%B3n_Latinoamericana_de_Energ%C3%ADa" class="extiw" title="es:Organización Latinoamericana de Energía">es</a>], <a href="/wiki/Organization_of_the_Petroleum_Exporting_Countries" class="mw-redirect" title="Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries">Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Statistics_Division" title="United Nations Statistics Division">United Nations Statistics Division</a>) launched the Joint Oil Data Exercise, which in 2005 became the <a href="/wiki/Joint_Organisations_Data_Initiative" title="Joint Organisations Data Initiative">Joint Organisations Data Initiative</a> (JODI). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Meeting_locations">Meeting locations</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Meeting locations" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> The location of the annual meeting rotates among the members. <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"> <caption>APEC ministers' meeting </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>#</th> <th>Dates</th> <th>Country</th> <th>City</th> <th>Host Leader </th></tr> <tr> <td>1989</td> <td><a href="/wiki/APEC_Australia_1989" title="APEC Australia 1989">1st</a></td> <td>6–7 November</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="256"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Canberra" title="Canberra">Canberra</a></td> <td>Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Bob_Hawke" title="Bob Hawke">Bob Hawke</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1990</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=APEC_Singapore_1990&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="APEC Singapore 1990 (page does not exist)">2nd</a></td> <td>29–31 July</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/35px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/45px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></td> <td>Singapore</td> <td>Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Lee_Kuan_Yew" title="Lee Kuan Yew">Lee Kuan Yew</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1991</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=APEC_South_Korea_1991&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="APEC South Korea 1991 (page does not exist)">3rd</a></td> <td>12–14 November</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a></td> <td>President <a href="/wiki/Roh_Tae-woo" title="Roh Tae-woo">Roh Tae-woo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1992</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=APEC_Thailand_1992&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="APEC Thailand 1992 (page does not exist)">4th</a></td> <td>10–11 September</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bangkok" title="Bangkok">Bangkok</a></td> <td>Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Anand_Panyarachun" title="Anand Panyarachun">Anand Panyarachun</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders sortable"> <caption>APEC economic leaders' meeting </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Year</th> <th>#</th> <th>Dates</th> <th>Country</th> <th>City</th> <th>Host Leader </th></tr> <tr> <td>1993</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=APEC_USA_1993&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="APEC USA 1993 (page does not exist)">1st</a></td> <td>19–20 November</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Blake_Island" title="Blake Island">Blake Island</a></td> <td>President <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1994</td> <td><a href="/wiki/APEC_Indonesia_1994" title="APEC Indonesia 1994">2nd</a></td> <td>15–16 November</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bogor" title="Bogor">Bogor</a></td> <td>President <a href="/wiki/Suharto" title="Suharto">Suharto</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1995</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=APEC_Japan_1995&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="APEC Japan 1995 (page does not exist)">3rd</a></td> <td>18–19 November</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 22px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="22" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/43px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka">Osaka</a></td> <td>Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Tomiichi_Murayama" title="Tomiichi Murayama">Tomiichi Murayama</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1996</td> <td><a href="/wiki/APEC_Philippines_1996" title="APEC Philippines 1996">4th</a></td> <td>24–25 November</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Subic_Bay_Freeport_Zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Subic Bay Freeport Zone">Subic</a></td> <td>President <a href="/wiki/Fidel_Ramos" class="mw-redirect" title="Fidel Ramos">Fidel Ramos</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1997</td> <td><a href="/wiki/APEC_Canada_1997" title="APEC Canada 1997">5th</a></td> <td>24–25 November</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vancouver" title="Vancouver">Vancouver</a></td> <td>Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Jean_Chr%C3%A9tien" title="Jean Chrétien">Jean Chrétien</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1998</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=APEC_Malaysia_1998&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="APEC Malaysia 1998 (page does not exist)">6th</a></td> <td>17–18 November</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur" title="Kuala Lumpur">Kuala Lumpur</a></td> <td>Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Mahathir_Mohamad" title="Mahathir Mohamad">Mahathir Mohamad</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1999</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=APEC_New_Zealand_1999&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="APEC New Zealand 1999 (page does not exist)">7th</a></td> <td>12–13 September</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Auckland" title="Auckland">Auckland</a></td> <td>Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Jenny_Shipley" title="Jenny Shipley">Jenny Shipley</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2000</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=APEC_Brunei_Darussalam_2000&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="APEC Brunei Darussalam 2000 (page does not exist)">8th</a></td> <td>15–16 November</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/35px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/46px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bandar_Seri_Begawan" title="Bandar Seri Begawan">Bandar Seri Begawan</a></td> <td>Sultan <a href="/wiki/Hassanal_Bolkiah" title="Hassanal Bolkiah">Hassanal Bolkiah</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2001</td> <td><a href="/wiki/APEC_China_2001" title="APEC China 2001">9th</a></td> <td>20–21 October</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai">Shanghai</a></td> <td>President <a href="/wiki/Jiang_Zemin" title="Jiang Zemin">Jiang Zemin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2002</td> <td><a href="/wiki/APEC_Mexico_2002" title="APEC Mexico 2002">10th</a></td> <td>26–27 October</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 13px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="13" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Los_Cabos" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Cabos">Los Cabos</a></td> <td>President <a href="/wiki/Vicente_Fox" title="Vicente Fox">Vicente Fox</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2003</td> <td><a href="/wiki/APEC_Thailand_2003" title="APEC Thailand 2003">11th</a></td> <td>20–21 October</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bangkok" title="Bangkok">Bangkok</a></td> <td>Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Thaksin_Shinawatra" title="Thaksin Shinawatra">Thaksin Shinawatra</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2004</td> <td><a href="/wiki/APEC_Chile_2004" title="APEC Chile 2004">12th</a></td> <td>20–21 November</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Santiago" title="Santiago">Santiago</a></td> <td>President <a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Lagos" title="Ricardo Lagos">Ricardo Lagos</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2005</td> <td><a href="/wiki/APEC_South_Korea_2005" title="APEC South Korea 2005">13th</a></td> <td>18–19 November</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Busan" title="Busan">Busan</a></td> <td>President <a href="/wiki/Roh_Moo-hyun" title="Roh Moo-hyun">Roh Moo-hyun</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/APEC_Vietnam_2006" title="APEC Vietnam 2006">14th</a></td> <td>18–19 November</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hanoi" title="Hanoi">Hanoi</a></td> <td>President <a href="/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_Minh_Tri%E1%BA%BFt" title="Nguyễn Minh Triết">Nguyễn Minh Triết</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2007</td> <td><a href="/wiki/APEC_Australia_2007" title="APEC Australia 2007">15th</a></td> <td>8–9 September</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="256"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a></td> <td>Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/John_Howard" title="John Howard">John Howard</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2008</td> <td><a href="/wiki/APEC_Peru_2008" title="APEC Peru 2008">16th</a></td> <td>22–23 November</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/35px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/45px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lima" title="Lima">Lima</a></td> <td>President <a href="/wiki/Alan_Garcia_Perez" class="mw-redirect" title="Alan Garcia Perez">Alan Garcia Perez</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2009</td> <td><a href="/wiki/APEC_Singapore_2009" title="APEC Singapore 2009">17th</a></td> <td>14–15 November</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/35px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/45px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></td> <td>Singapore</td> <td>Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Lee_Hsien_Loong" title="Lee Hsien Loong">Lee Hsien Loong</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2010</td> <td><a href="/wiki/APEC_Japan_2010" title="APEC Japan 2010">18th</a></td> <td>13–14 November</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Yokohama" title="Yokohama">Yokohama</a></td> <td>Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Naoto_Kan" title="Naoto Kan">Naoto Kan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2011</td> <td><a href="/wiki/APEC_United_States_2011" title="APEC United States 2011">19th</a></td> <td>12–13 November</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Honolulu" title="Honolulu">Honolulu</a></td> <td>President <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2012</td> <td><a href="/wiki/APEC_Russia_2012" title="APEC Russia 2012">20th</a></td> <td>9–10 September</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vladivostok" title="Vladivostok">Vladivostok</a></td> <td>President <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2013</td> <td><a href="/wiki/APEC_Indonesia_2013" title="APEC Indonesia 2013">21st</a></td> <td>5–7 October</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bali" title="Bali">Bali</a></td> <td>President <a href="/wiki/Susilo_Bambang_Yudhoyono" title="Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono">Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2014</td> <td><a href="/wiki/APEC_China_2014" title="APEC China 2014">22nd</a></td> <td>10–11 November</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a></td> <td>President <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2015</td> <td><a href="/wiki/APEC_Philippines_2015" title="APEC Philippines 2015">23rd</a></td> <td>18–19 November</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pasay" title="Pasay">Pasay</a></td> <td>President <a href="/wiki/Benigno_Aquino_III" title="Benigno Aquino III">Benigno Aquino III</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2016</td> <td><a href="/wiki/APEC_Peru_2016" title="APEC Peru 2016">24th</a></td> <td>19–20 November</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/35px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/45px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lima" title="Lima">Lima</a></td> <td>President <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Pablo_Kuczynski" title="Pedro Pablo Kuczynski">Pedro Pablo Kuczynski</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2017</td> <td><a href="/wiki/APEC_Vietnam_2017" title="APEC Vietnam 2017">25th</a></td> <td>10–11 November</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Da_Nang" title="Da Nang">Da Nang</a></td> <td>President <a href="/wiki/Tr%E1%BA%A7n_%C4%90%E1%BA%A1i_Quang" title="Trần Đại Quang">Trần Đại Quang</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2018</td> <td><a href="/wiki/APEC_Papua_New_Guinea_2018" title="APEC Papua New Guinea 2018">26th</a></td> <td>17–18 November</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/31px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/40px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Port_Moresby" title="Port Moresby">Port Moresby</a></td> <td>Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Peter_O%27Neill" title="Peter O'Neill">Peter O'Neill</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019</td> <td><s><a href="/wiki/APEC_Chile_2019" title="APEC Chile 2019">27th</a></s></td> <td>16–17 November (cancelled) </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Santiago" title="Santiago">Santiago</a></td> <td>President <a href="/wiki/Sebasti%C3%A1n_Pi%C3%B1era" title="Sebastián Piñera">Sebastián Piñera</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2020</td> <td><a href="/wiki/APEC_Malaysia_2020" title="APEC Malaysia 2020">28th</a></td> <td>20 November</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur" title="Kuala Lumpur">Kuala Lumpur</a> (hosted virtually)<a href="#cite_note-19">[18]</a></td> <td>Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Muhyiddin_Yassin" title="Muhyiddin Yassin">Muhyiddin Yassin</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2">2021</td> <td><a href="/wiki/APEC_New_Zealand_2021" title="APEC New Zealand 2021">–</a></td> <td>16 July</td> <td rowspan="2"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a></td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Auckland" title="Auckland">Auckland</a> (hosted virtually)</td> <td rowspan="2">Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Jacinda_Ardern" title="Jacinda Ardern">Jacinda Ardern</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/APEC_New_Zealand_2021" title="APEC New Zealand 2021">29th</a></td> <td>12 November<a href="#cite_note-20">[19]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2022</td> <td><a href="/wiki/APEC_Thailand_2022" title="APEC Thailand 2022">30th</a></td> <td>18–19 November</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bangkok" title="Bangkok">Bangkok</a></td> <td>Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Prayut_Chan-o-cha" title="Prayut Chan-o-cha">Prayut Chan-o-cha</a><a href="#cite_note-statement-21">[20]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2023</td> <td><a href="/wiki/APEC_United_States_2023" title="APEC United States 2023">31st</a></td> <td>15–17 November<a href="#cite_note-calendar-22">[21]</a></td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a></td> <td>President <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[22]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2024</td> <td><a href="/wiki/APEC_Peru_2024" title="APEC Peru 2024">32nd</a></td> <td>15–16 November</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/35px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/45px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lima" title="Lima">Lima</a></td> <td>President <a href="/wiki/Dina_Boluarte" title="Dina Boluarte">Dina Boluarte</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[23]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2025</td> <td><a href="/wiki/APEC_South_Korea_2025" title="APEC South Korea 2025">33rd</a></td> <td>Late October - Early November<a href="#cite_note-25">[24]</a></td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gyeongju" title="Gyeongju">Gyeongju</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Yoon_Suk_Yeol" title="Impeachment of Yoon Suk Yeol">TBA</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2026</td> <td>34th</td> <td>TBA</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[25]</a></td> <td>TBA</td> <td>President <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2027 </td> <td>35th </td> <td>TBA </td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[26]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ph%C3%BA_Qu%E1%BB%91c" title="Phú Quốc">Phú Quốc</a><a href="#cite_note-28">[27]</a> </td> <td>TBA </td></tr> <tr> <td>2028 </td> <td>36th </td> <td>TBA </td> <td>TBA </td> <td>TBA </td> <td>TBA </td></tr> <tr> <td>2029</td> <td>37th</td> <td>TBA</td> <td>TBA</td> <td>TBA</td> <td>TBA </td></tr> <tr> <td>2030</td> <td>38th</td> <td>TBA</td> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/35px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/45px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[28]</a></td> <td>Singapore</td> <td>Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Wong" title="Lawrence Wong">Lawrence Wong</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><h2 id="Member_economies">Member economies</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Member economies" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:APEC2006_Roh_Bush_Abe.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/APEC2006_Roh_Bush_Abe.jpg/220px-APEC2006_Roh_Bush_Abe.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="306" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="515" data-file-height="716"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 306px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/APEC2006_Roh_Bush_Abe.jpg/220px-APEC2006_Roh_Bush_Abe.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="306" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/APEC2006_Roh_Bush_Abe.jpg/330px-APEC2006_Roh_Bush_Abe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/APEC2006_Roh_Bush_Abe.jpg/440px-APEC2006_Roh_Bush_Abe.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Former South Korean President <a href="/wiki/Roh_Moo-hyun" title="Roh Moo-hyun">Roh Moo-hyun</a> with Former Japanese Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Shinz%C5%8D_Abe" class="mw-redirect" title="Shinzō Abe">Shinzō Abe</a> and Former U.S. President <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> at <a href="/wiki/APEC" class="mw-redirect" title="APEC">APEC</a> 2006 in <a href="/wiki/Hanoi" title="Hanoi">Hanoi</a>, Vietnam</figcaption></figure> Currently, APEC has 21 members. The criterion for membership, however, is that each member must be an independent economic entity, rather than a sovereign state. As a result, APEC uses the term member economies rather than member countries to refer to its members. One result of this criterion is that membership of the forum includes Taiwan (officially the Republic of China, participating under the name "Chinese Taipei") alongside People's Republic of China (see <a href="/wiki/Cross-Strait_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross-Strait relations">Cross-Strait relations</a>), as well as Hong Kong, which entered APEC as a British colony but it is now a <a href="/wiki/Special_Administrative_Region_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China">Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China</a>. APEC also includes three official observers: <a href="/wiki/ASEAN" title="ASEAN">ASEAN</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islands_Forum" title="Pacific Islands Forum">Pacific Islands Forum</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Economic_Cooperation_Council" title="Pacific Economic Cooperation Council">Pacific Economic Cooperation Council</a>.<a href="#cite_note-apec.org-3">[2]</a> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Member economy </th> <th>Name as used in APEC </th> <th>Date of accession </th> <th>GDP (Nominal) in 2024 (Millions of <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a>)<a href="#cite_note-IMF_GDP-30">[29]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="256"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> </td> <td>Australia </td> <td>November 1989 </td> <td align="right">1,802,006 </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/35px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/46px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a> </td> <td>Brunei Darussalam </td> <td>November 1989 </td> <td align="right">15,510 </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> </td> <td>Canada </td> <td>November 1989 </td> <td align="right">2,214,796 </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a> </td> <td>Chile </td> <td>November 1994 </td> <td align="right">328,720 </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> </td> <td>People's Republic of China </td> <td>November 1991 </td> <td align="right">18,273,357 </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/45px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> </td> <td>Hong Kong, China<a href="#cite_note-31">[b]</a> </td> <td>November 1991 </td> <td align="right">401,751 </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> </td> <td>Indonesia </td> <td>November 1989 </td> <td align="right">1,402,590 </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> </td> <td>Japan </td> <td>November 1989 </td> <td align="right">4,070,094 </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> </td> <td>Malaysia </td> <td>November 1989 </td> <td align="right">439,748 </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 13px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="13" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> </td> <td>Mexico </td> <td>November 1993 </td> <td align="right">1,848,125 </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> </td> <td>New Zealand </td> <td>November 1989 </td> <td align="right">252,236 </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/31px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/40px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a> </td> <td>Papua New Guinea </td> <td>November 1993 </td> <td align="right">31,716 </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/35px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/45px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a> </td> <td>Peru </td> <td>November 1998 </td> <td align="right">283,309 </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> </td> <td>The Philippines </td> <td>November 1989 </td> <td align="right">470,062 </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td> <td>Russia </td> <td>November 1998 </td> <td align="right">2,184,316 </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/35px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/45px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a> </td> <td>Singapore </td> <td>November 1989 </td> <td align="right">530,708 </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> </td> <td>Republic of Korea </td> <td>November 1989 </td> <td align="right">1,869,916 </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> </td> <td>Chinese Taipei<a href="#cite_note-ChinTaipei-1">[a]</a> </td> <td>November 1991 </td> <td align="right">775,017 </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> </td> <td>Thailand </td> <td>November 1989 </td> <td align="right">528,919 </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> </td> <td>The United States </td> <td>November 1989 </td> <td align="right">29,167,779 </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td>Viet Nam </td> <td>November 1998 </td> <td align="right">468,485 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Leaders">Leaders</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Leaders" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Member </th> <th>Leader position </th> <th>Leader (<a href="/wiki/Executive_power" class="mw-redirect" title="Executive power">Leader of the Executive Branch</a>) </th> <th>Finance portfolio </th> <th>Portfolio Minister </th></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="256"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Australia" title="Prime Minister of Australia">Prime Minister</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Albanese" title="Anthony Albanese">Anthony Albanese</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Treasurer_of_Australia" title="Treasurer of Australia">Treasurer</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jim_Chalmers" title="Jim Chalmers">Jim Chalmers</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/35px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/46px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sultans_of_Brunei" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Sultans of Brunei">Sultan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hassanal_Bolkiah" title="Hassanal Bolkiah">Hassanal Bolkiah</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_and_Economy_(Brunei)#First_Minister" title="Ministry of Finance and Economy (Brunei)">Minister of Finance and Economy</a> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_and_Economy_(Brunei)#Second_Minister" title="Ministry of Finance and Economy (Brunei)">Second Minister of Finance and Economy</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hassanal_Bolkiah" title="Hassanal Bolkiah">Hassanal Bolkiah</a> <a href="/wiki/Amin_Liew_Abdullah" title="Amin Liew Abdullah">Amin Liew Abdullah</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Prime Minister</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Finance_(Canada)" title="Minister of Finance (Canada)">Minister of Finance</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dominic_LeBlanc" title="Dominic LeBlanc">Dominic LeBlanc</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/President_of_Chile" title="President of Chile">President</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Boric" title="Gabriel Boric">Gabriel Boric</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_(Chile)" title="Ministry of Finance (Chile)">Minister of Finance</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mario_Marcel" title="Mario Marcel">Mario Marcel</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the People's Republic of China">President</a><a href="#cite_note-cn-32">[c]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Finance_(China)" title="Minister of Finance (China)">Minister of Finance</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lan_Fo%27an" title="Lan Fo'an">Lan Fo'an</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/45px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chief_Executive_of_Hong_Kong" title="Chief Executive of Hong Kong">Chief Executive</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Lee_(government_official)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Lee (government official)">John Lee</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Financial_Secretary_(Hong_Kong)" title="Financial Secretary (Hong Kong)">Financial Secretary</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paul_Chan_Mo-po" title="Paul Chan Mo-po">Paul Chan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/President_of_Indonesia" title="President of Indonesia">President</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Prabowo_Subianto" title="Prabowo Subianto">Prabowo Subianto</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ministers_of_Finance_(Indonesia)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Ministers of Finance (Indonesia)">Minister of Finance</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sri_Mulyani" title="Sri Mulyani">Sri Mulyani</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Japan" title="Prime Minister of Japan">Prime Minister</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Ishiba" title="Shigeru Ishiba">Shigeru Ishiba</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Finance_(Japan)" title="Minister of Finance (Japan)">Minister of Finance</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Katsunobu_Kat%C5%8D" title="Katsunobu Katō">Katsunobu Katō</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/President_of_South_Korea" title="President of South Korea">President</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Choi_Sang-mok" title="Choi Sang-mok">Choi Sang-mok</a> (acting) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Economy_and_Finance_(South_Korea)" title="Ministry of Economy and Finance (South Korea)">Minister of Economy and Finance</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Choi_Sang-mok" title="Choi Sang-mok">Choi Sang-mok</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Malaysia" title="Prime Minister of Malaysia">Prime Minister</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anwar_Ibrahim" title="Anwar Ibrahim">Anwar Ibrahim</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Finance_(Malaysia)" title="Minister of Finance (Malaysia)">Minister of Finance</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anwar_Ibrahim" title="Anwar Ibrahim">Anwar Ibrahim</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 13px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="13" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/President_of_Mexico" title="President of Mexico">President</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Sheinbaum" title="Claudia Sheinbaum">Claudia Sheinbaum</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_Finance_and_Public_Credit" title="Secretariat of Finance and Public Credit">Secretary of Finance and Public Credit</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rogelio_Ram%C3%ADrez_de_la_O" title="Rogelio Ramírez de la O">Rogelio Ramírez de la O</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_New_Zealand" title="Prime Minister of New Zealand">Prime Minister</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Luxon" title="Christopher Luxon">Christopher Luxon</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Finance_(New_Zealand)" title="Minister of Finance (New Zealand)">Minister of Finance</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nicola_Willis" title="Nicola Willis">Nicola Willis</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="20" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/31px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/40px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea">Prime Minister</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/James_Marape" title="James Marape">James Marape</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_(Papua_New_Guinea)" title="Ministry of Finance (Papua New Guinea)">Minister for Finance and Rural Development</a> </td> <td>Yangakun Miki Kaeok </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/35px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/45px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/President_of_Peru" title="President of Peru">President</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dina_Boluarte" title="Dina Boluarte">Dina Boluarte</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Economy_and_Finance_(Peru)" title="Ministry of Economy and Finance (Peru)">Minister of Economy and Finance</a> </td> <td><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Salardi" class="extiw" title="es:José Salardi">José Salardi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/President_of_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="President of Philippines">President</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bongbong_Marcos" title="Bongbong Marcos">Bongbong Marcos</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_Finance_(Philippines)" title="Secretary of Finance (Philippines)">Secretary of Finance</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Recto" title="Ralph Recto">Ralph Recto</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/President_of_Russia" title="President of Russia">President</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_of_the_Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation">Minister of Finance</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anton_Siluanov" title="Anton Siluanov">Anton Siluanov</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/35px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/45px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Singapore" title="Prime Minister of Singapore">Prime Minister</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Wong" title="Lawrence Wong">Lawrence Wong</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_(Singapore)" title="Ministry of Finance (Singapore)">Minister of Finance</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Wong" title="Lawrence Wong">Lawrence Wong</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="President of the Republic of China">President</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_Taipei_Representatives_to_APEC" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Chinese Taipei Representatives to APEC">Leader Envoy</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lai_Ching-te" title="Lai Ching-te">Lai Ching-te</a> (represented by <a href="/wiki/Lin_Hsin-i" title="Lin Hsin-i">Lin Hsin-i</a>)<a href="#cite_note-ChinTaipei-1">[a]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_(Taiwan)" title="Ministry of Finance (Taiwan)">Minister of Finance</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chuang_Tsui-yun" title="Chuang Tsui-yun">Chuang Tsui-yun</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Thailand" title="Prime Minister of Thailand"> Prime Minister</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paetongtarn_Shinawatra" title="Paetongtarn Shinawatra">Paetongtarn Shinawatra</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_(Thailand)" title="Ministry of Finance (Thailand)">Minister of Finance</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pichai_Chunhavajira" title="Pichai Chunhavajira">Pichai Chunhavajira</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">Secretary of the Treasury</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Scott_Bessent" title="Scott Bessent">Scott Bessent</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/President_of_Vietnam" title="President of Vietnam">President</a><a href="#cite_note-vt-33">[d]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/L%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_C%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dng" title="Lương Cường">Lương Cường</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_(Vietnam)" title="Ministry of Finance (Vietnam)">Minister of Finance</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/H%E1%BB%93_%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c_Ph%E1%BB%9Bc" title="Hồ Đức Phớc">Hồ Đức Phớc</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Current_leaders">Current leaders</h4> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Current leaders" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center" style="max-width: 1141px;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Anthony_Albanese_portrait_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=" Australia Anthony Albanese, Prime Minister"><noscript><img alt="Anthony Albanese, Prime Minister of Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Anthony_Albanese_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/80px-Anthony_Albanese_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="795" data-file-height="1185"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 80px;height: 120px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Anthony_Albanese_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/80px-Anthony_Albanese_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg" data-alt="Anthony Albanese, Prime Minister of Australia" data-width="80" data-height="120" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Anthony_Albanese_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/121px-Anthony_Albanese_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Anthony_Albanese_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg/161px-Anthony_Albanese_portrait_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="256"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Albanese" title="Anthony Albanese">Anthony Albanese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Australia" title="Prime Minister of Australia">Prime Minister</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:His_Majesty_Bolkiah_20231216.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=" Brunei Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan"><noscript><img alt="Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan of Brunei" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/His_Majesty_Bolkiah_20231216.jpg/90px-His_Majesty_Bolkiah_20231216.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="598" data-file-height="798"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 90px;height: 120px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/His_Majesty_Bolkiah_20231216.jpg/90px-His_Majesty_Bolkiah_20231216.jpg" data-alt="Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan of Brunei" data-width="90" data-height="120" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/His_Majesty_Bolkiah_20231216.jpg/135px-His_Majesty_Bolkiah_20231216.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/His_Majesty_Bolkiah_20231216.jpg/180px-His_Majesty_Bolkiah_20231216.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/35px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/46px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a> <a href="/wiki/Hassanal_Bolkiah" title="Hassanal Bolkiah">Hassanal Bolkiah</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Sultans_of_Brunei" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Sultans of Brunei">Sultan</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Prime_Minister_Trudeau%27s_message_on_Christmas_2023_(0m29s)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=" Canada Justin Trudeau, Prime Minister"><noscript><img alt="Canada Prime Minister Justin Trudeau" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Prime_Minister_Trudeau%27s_message_on_Christmas_2023_%280m29s%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/90px-Prime_Minister_Trudeau%27s_message_on_Christmas_2023_%280m29s%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="992"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 90px;height: 120px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Prime_Minister_Trudeau%27s_message_on_Christmas_2023_%280m29s%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/90px-Prime_Minister_Trudeau%27s_message_on_Christmas_2023_%280m29s%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" data-alt="Canada Prime Minister Justin Trudeau" data-width="90" data-height="120" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Prime_Minister_Trudeau%27s_message_on_Christmas_2023_%280m29s%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/135px-Prime_Minister_Trudeau%27s_message_on_Christmas_2023_%280m29s%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Prime_Minister_Trudeau%27s_message_on_Christmas_2023_%280m29s%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/180px-Prime_Minister_Trudeau%27s_message_on_Christmas_2023_%280m29s%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> <a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Prime Minister</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Retrato_Oficial_Presidente_Boric_Font_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=" Chile Gabriel Boric, President"><noscript><img alt="Gabriel Boric, President of Chile" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Retrato_Oficial_Presidente_Boric_Font_%28cropped%29.jpg/87px-Retrato_Oficial_Presidente_Boric_Font_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="87" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="339" data-file-height="469"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 87px;height: 120px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Retrato_Oficial_Presidente_Boric_Font_%28cropped%29.jpg/87px-Retrato_Oficial_Presidente_Boric_Font_%28cropped%29.jpg" data-alt="Gabriel Boric, President of Chile" data-width="87" data-height="120" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Retrato_Oficial_Presidente_Boric_Font_%28cropped%29.jpg/130px-Retrato_Oficial_Presidente_Boric_Font_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Retrato_Oficial_Presidente_Boric_Font_%28cropped%29.jpg/173px-Retrato_Oficial_Presidente_Boric_Font_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a> <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Boric" title="Gabriel Boric">Gabriel Boric</a>, <a href="/wiki/President_of_Chile" title="President of Chile">President</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Xi_Jinping_(November_2024)_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=" China Xi Jinping, President[c]"><noscript><img alt="ChinaXi Jinping,President" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Xi_Jinping_%28November_2024%29_02.jpg/85px-Xi_Jinping_%28November_2024%29_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="622" data-file-height="880"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 85px;height: 120px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Xi_Jinping_%28November_2024%29_02.jpg/85px-Xi_Jinping_%28November_2024%29_02.jpg" data-alt="ChinaXi Jinping,President" data-width="85" data-height="120" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Xi_Jinping_%28November_2024%29_02.jpg/127px-Xi_Jinping_%28November_2024%29_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Xi_Jinping_%28November_2024%29_02.jpg/169px-Xi_Jinping_%28November_2024%29_02.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a>, <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the People's Republic of China">President</a><a href="#cite_note-cn-32">[c]</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Inmediahk_-_John_Lee_2023_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=" Hong Kong John Lee, Chief Executive"><noscript><img alt="John Lee, Chief Executive of Hong Kong" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Inmediahk_-_John_Lee_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg/90px-Inmediahk_-_John_Lee_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3200"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 90px;height: 120px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Inmediahk_-_John_Lee_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg/90px-Inmediahk_-_John_Lee_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg" data-alt="John Lee, Chief Executive of Hong Kong" data-width="90" data-height="120" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Inmediahk_-_John_Lee_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg/135px-Inmediahk_-_John_Lee_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Inmediahk_-_John_Lee_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg/180px-Inmediahk_-_John_Lee_2023_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/45px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Lee_(government_official)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Lee (government official)">John Lee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chief_Executive_of_Hong_Kong" title="Chief Executive of Hong Kong">Chief Executive</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Prabowo_Subianto_2024_official_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=" Indonesia Prabowo Subianto, President"><noscript><img alt="Prabowo Subianto, President of Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Prabowo_Subianto_2024_official_portrait.jpg/95px-Prabowo_Subianto_2024_official_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="95" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="9129" data-file-height="11521"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 95px;height: 120px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Prabowo_Subianto_2024_official_portrait.jpg/95px-Prabowo_Subianto_2024_official_portrait.jpg" data-alt="Prabowo Subianto, President of Indonesia" data-width="95" data-height="120" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Prabowo_Subianto_2024_official_portrait.jpg/143px-Prabowo_Subianto_2024_official_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Prabowo_Subianto_2024_official_portrait.jpg/190px-Prabowo_Subianto_2024_official_portrait.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> <a href="/wiki/Prabowo_Subianto" title="Prabowo Subianto">Prabowo Subianto</a>, <a href="/wiki/President_of_Indonesia" title="President of Indonesia">President</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Ishiba_Shigeru_20241001_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=" Japan Shigeru Ishiba, Prime Minister"><noscript><img alt="Shigeru Ishiba, Prime Minister of Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Ishiba_Shigeru_20241001_%28cropped%29.jpg/90px-Ishiba_Shigeru_20241001_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3150" data-file-height="4200"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 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data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> <a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Ishiba" title="Shigeru Ishiba">Shigeru Ishiba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Japan" title="Prime Minister of Japan">Prime Minister</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Choi_Sang-mok_20240816.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=" South Korea Choi Sang-mok, acting President"><noscript><img alt="Choi Sang-mok, acting President of South Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Choi_Sang-mok_20240816.jpg/90px-Choi_Sang-mok_20240816.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="875" data-file-height="1166"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 90px;height: 120px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Choi_Sang-mok_20240816.jpg/90px-Choi_Sang-mok_20240816.jpg" data-alt="Choi Sang-mok, acting President of South Korea" data-width="90" data-height="120" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Choi_Sang-mok_20240816.jpg/135px-Choi_Sang-mok_20240816.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Choi_Sang-mok_20240816.jpg/180px-Choi_Sang-mok_20240816.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> <a href="/wiki/Choi_Sang-mok" title="Choi Sang-mok">Choi Sang-mok</a>, acting <a href="/wiki/President_of_South_Korea" title="President of South Korea">President</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a 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href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> <a href="/wiki/Anwar_Ibrahim" title="Anwar Ibrahim">Anwar Ibrahim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Malaysia" title="Prime Minister of Malaysia">Prime Minister</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Claudia_Sheinbaum_en_su_conferencia_matutina_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=" Mexico Claudia Sheinbaum, President"><noscript><img alt="Claudia Sheinbaum, President of Mexico" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Claudia_Sheinbaum_en_su_conferencia_matutina_%28cropped%29.jpg/86px-Claudia_Sheinbaum_en_su_conferencia_matutina_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2872" data-file-height="4012"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 86px;height: 120px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Claudia_Sheinbaum_en_su_conferencia_matutina_%28cropped%29.jpg/86px-Claudia_Sheinbaum_en_su_conferencia_matutina_%28cropped%29.jpg" data-alt="Claudia Sheinbaum, President of Mexico" data-width="86" data-height="120" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Claudia_Sheinbaum_en_su_conferencia_matutina_%28cropped%29.jpg/129px-Claudia_Sheinbaum_en_su_conferencia_matutina_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Claudia_Sheinbaum_en_su_conferencia_matutina_%28cropped%29.jpg/172px-Claudia_Sheinbaum_en_su_conferencia_matutina_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 13px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="13" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> <a href="/wiki/Claudia_Sheinbaum" title="Claudia Sheinbaum">Claudia Sheinbaum</a>, <a href="/wiki/President_of_Mexico" title="President of Mexico">President</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:LUXON,_Christopher_-_Botany_(cropped).png" class="mw-file-description" title=" New Zealand Christopher Luxon, Prime Minister"><noscript><img alt="Christopher Luxon, Prime Minister of New Zealand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/LUXON%2C_Christopher_-_Botany_%28cropped%29.png/93px-LUXON%2C_Christopher_-_Botany_%28cropped%29.png" decoding="async" width="93" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="518" data-file-height="670"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 93px;height: 120px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/LUXON%2C_Christopher_-_Botany_%28cropped%29.png/93px-LUXON%2C_Christopher_-_Botany_%28cropped%29.png" data-alt="Christopher Luxon, Prime Minister of New Zealand" data-width="93" data-height="120" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/LUXON%2C_Christopher_-_Botany_%28cropped%29.png/139px-LUXON%2C_Christopher_-_Botany_%28cropped%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/LUXON%2C_Christopher_-_Botany_%28cropped%29.png/185px-LUXON%2C_Christopher_-_Botany_%28cropped%29.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Luxon" title="Christopher Luxon">Christopher Luxon</a>, <a 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class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 90px;height: 120px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Papua_New_Guinea_Prime_Minister_James_Marape_in_Port_Moresby%2C_Papua_New_Guinea_on_July_27%2C_2023_-_230727-D-TT977-0140_%28cropped%29.jpg/90px-Papua_New_Guinea_Prime_Minister_James_Marape_in_Port_Moresby%2C_Papua_New_Guinea_on_July_27%2C_2023_-_230727-D-TT977-0140_%28cropped%29.jpg" data-alt="James Marape, Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea" data-width="90" data-height="120" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Papua_New_Guinea_Prime_Minister_James_Marape_in_Port_Moresby%2C_Papua_New_Guinea_on_July_27%2C_2023_-_230727-D-TT977-0140_%28cropped%29.jpg/135px-Papua_New_Guinea_Prime_Minister_James_Marape_in_Port_Moresby%2C_Papua_New_Guinea_on_July_27%2C_2023_-_230727-D-TT977-0140_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, 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data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/31px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/40px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a> <a href="/wiki/James_Marape" title="James Marape">James Marape</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea">Prime Minister</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Presidenta_Boluarte_2024.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=" Peru Dina Boluarte, President"><noscript><img alt="Dina Boluarte, President of Peru" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Presidenta_Boluarte_2024.jpg/96px-Presidenta_Boluarte_2024.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" 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data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/35px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/45px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a> <a href="/wiki/Dina_Boluarte" title="Dina Boluarte">Dina Boluarte</a>, <a href="/wiki/President_of_Peru" title="President of Peru">President</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Ferdinand_R._Marcos_Jr_(cropped_portrait).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=" Philippines Bongbong Marcos, President"><noscript><img alt="Bongbong Marcos, President of the Philippines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Ferdinand_R._Marcos_Jr_%28cropped_portrait%29.jpg/102px-Ferdinand_R._Marcos_Jr_%28cropped_portrait%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="102" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="642" data-file-height="753"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 102px;height: 120px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Ferdinand_R._Marcos_Jr_%28cropped_portrait%29.jpg/102px-Ferdinand_R._Marcos_Jr_%28cropped_portrait%29.jpg" data-alt="Bongbong Marcos, President of the Philippines" data-width="102" data-height="120" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Ferdinand_R._Marcos_Jr_%28cropped_portrait%29.jpg/153px-Ferdinand_R._Marcos_Jr_%28cropped_portrait%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Ferdinand_R._Marcos_Jr_%28cropped_portrait%29.jpg/205px-Ferdinand_R._Marcos_Jr_%28cropped_portrait%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> <a href="/wiki/Bongbong_Marcos" title="Bongbong Marcos">Bongbong Marcos</a>, <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Philippines" title="President of the Philippines">President</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_(08-03-2024)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=" Russia Vladimir Putin, President"><noscript><img alt="Vladimir Putin, President of Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%2808-03-2024%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/85px-%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%2808-03-2024%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="695" data-file-height="982"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 85px;height: 120px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%2808-03-2024%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/85px-%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%2808-03-2024%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" data-alt="Vladimir Putin, President of Russia" data-width="85" data-height="120" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%2808-03-2024%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/127px-%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%2808-03-2024%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%2808-03-2024%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/170px-%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%2808-03-2024%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a>, <a href="/wiki/President_of_Russia" title="President of Russia">President</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Lawrence_Wong_20230526.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=" Singapore Lawrence Wong, Prime Minister"><noscript><img alt="Lawrence Wong, Prime Minister of Singapore" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Lawrence_Wong_20230526.jpg/90px-Lawrence_Wong_20230526.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="540" data-file-height="720"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 90px;height: 120px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Lawrence_Wong_20230526.jpg/90px-Lawrence_Wong_20230526.jpg" data-alt="Lawrence Wong, Prime Minister of Singapore" data-width="90" data-height="120" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Lawrence_Wong_20230526.jpg/135px-Lawrence_Wong_20230526.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Lawrence_Wong_20230526.jpg/180px-Lawrence_Wong_20230526.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/35px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/45px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a> <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Wong" title="Lawrence Wong">Lawrence Wong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Singapore" title="Prime Minister of Singapore">Prime Minister</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:%E8%B3%B4%E6%B8%85%E5%BE%B7%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=" Taiwan Lai Ching-te, President (represented by Lin Hsin-i)[a]"><noscript><img alt="Lai Ching-te, President of Taiwan (represented by Lin Hsin-i)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/%E8%B3%B4%E6%B8%85%E5%BE%B7%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1_%28cropped%29.jpg/90px-%E8%B3%B4%E6%B8%85%E5%BE%B7%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3988" data-file-height="5320"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 90px;height: 120px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/%E8%B3%B4%E6%B8%85%E5%BE%B7%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1_%28cropped%29.jpg/90px-%E8%B3%B4%E6%B8%85%E5%BE%B7%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1_%28cropped%29.jpg" data-alt="Lai Ching-te, President of Taiwan (represented by Lin Hsin-i)" data-width="90" data-height="120" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/%E8%B3%B4%E6%B8%85%E5%BE%B7%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1_%28cropped%29.jpg/135px-%E8%B3%B4%E6%B8%85%E5%BE%B7%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/%E8%B3%B4%E6%B8%85%E5%BE%B7%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1_%28cropped%29.jpg/180px-%E8%B3%B4%E6%B8%85%E5%BE%B7%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> <a href="/wiki/Lai_Ching-te" title="Lai Ching-te">Lai Ching-te</a>, <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="President of the Republic of China">President</a> (represented by <a href="/wiki/Lin_Hsin-i" title="Lin Hsin-i">Lin Hsin-i</a>)<a href="#cite_note-ChinTaipei-1">[a]</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:PM_Paetongtarn_of_Thailand_(2024)_01_(cropped)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=" Thailand Paetongtarn Shinawatra, Prime Minister"><noscript><img alt="Paetongtarn Shinawatra, Prime Minister of Thailand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/PM_Paetongtarn_of_Thailand_%282024%29_01_%28cropped%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/85px-PM_Paetongtarn_of_Thailand_%282024%29_01_%28cropped%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="514" data-file-height="723"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 85px;height: 120px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/PM_Paetongtarn_of_Thailand_%282024%29_01_%28cropped%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/85px-PM_Paetongtarn_of_Thailand_%282024%29_01_%28cropped%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" data-alt="Paetongtarn Shinawatra, Prime Minister of Thailand" data-width="85" data-height="120" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/PM_Paetongtarn_of_Thailand_%282024%29_01_%28cropped%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/128px-PM_Paetongtarn_of_Thailand_%282024%29_01_%28cropped%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/PM_Paetongtarn_of_Thailand_%282024%29_01_%28cropped%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/170px-PM_Paetongtarn_of_Thailand_%282024%29_01_%28cropped%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> <a href="/wiki/Paetongtarn_Shinawatra" title="Paetongtarn Shinawatra">Paetongtarn Shinawatra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Thailand" title="Prime Minister of Thailand"> Prime Minister</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:TrumpPortrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=" United States Donald Trump, President"><noscript><img alt="Donald Trump, President of the United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/TrumpPortrait.jpg/93px-TrumpPortrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="93" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2550" data-file-height="3300"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 93px;height: 120px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/TrumpPortrait.jpg/93px-TrumpPortrait.jpg" data-alt="Donald Trump, President of the United States" data-width="93" data-height="120" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/TrumpPortrait.jpg/139px-TrumpPortrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/TrumpPortrait.jpg/185px-TrumpPortrait.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="69" data-file-height="39"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 13px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="13" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>, <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><a href="/wiki/File:L%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_C%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dng_in_Chile.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=" Vietnam Lương Cường, President[d]"><noscript><img alt="Vietnam Lương Cường,President" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/L%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_C%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dng_in_Chile.jpg/86px-L%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_C%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dng_in_Chile.jpg" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="735" data-file-height="1027"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 86px;height: 120px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/L%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_C%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dng_in_Chile.jpg/86px-L%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_C%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dng_in_Chile.jpg" data-alt="Vietnam Lương Cường,President" data-width="86" data-height="120" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/L%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_C%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dng_in_Chile.jpg/129px-L%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_C%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dng_in_Chile.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/L%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_C%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dng_in_Chile.jpg/172px-L%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_C%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dng_in_Chile.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element">  <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> <a href="/wiki/L%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_C%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dng" title="Lương Cường">Lương Cường</a>, <a href="/wiki/President_of_Vietnam" title="President of Vietnam">President</a><a href="#cite_note-vt-33">[d]</a> </div> </li> </ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><h2 id="Possible_enlargement">Possible enlargement</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Possible enlargement" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:APEC_enlargement.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/APEC_enlargement.svg/350px-APEC_enlargement.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="179" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1104" data-file-height="566"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 350px;height: 179px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/APEC_enlargement.svg/350px-APEC_enlargement.svg.png" data-width="350" data-height="179" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/APEC_enlargement.svg/525px-APEC_enlargement.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/APEC_enlargement.svg/700px-APEC_enlargement.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"> Current members</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"> Announced interest in membership</div></figcaption></figure> India has requested membership in APEC, and received initial support from the United States, South Korea, Australia,<a href="#cite_note-34">[30]</a> and Papua New Guinea.<a href="#cite_note-35">[31]</a> Officials have decided not to allow India to join for various reasons, including the fact that India does not border the Pacific Ocean, which all current members do.<a href="#cite_note-36">[32]</a> However, India was invited to be an observer for the first time in November 2011.<a href="#cite_note-37">[33]</a> Bangladesh,<a href="#cite_note-applicants-38">[34]</a> Pakistan,<a href="#cite_note-applicants-38">[34]</a> Sri Lanka,<a href="#cite_note-applicants-38">[34]</a> <a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a>,<a href="#cite_note-applicants-38">[34]</a> Mongolia,<a href="#cite_note-applicants-38">[34]</a> Laos,<a href="#cite_note-applicants-38">[34]</a> Cambodia,<a href="#cite_note-39">[35]</a> Costa Rica,<a href="#cite_note-aq-40">[36]</a> <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a>,<a href="#cite_note-aq-40">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-41">[37]</a> Panama,<a href="#cite_note-aq-40">[36]</a> and Ecuador,<a href="#cite_note-42">[38]</a> are among a dozen other economies that have applied for membership in APEC. Colombia applied for APEC's membership as early as in 1995, but its bid was halted as the organisation stopped accepting new members from 1993 to 1996,<a href="#cite_note-43">[39]</a> and the moratorium was further prolonged to 2007 due to the <a href="/wiki/1997_Asian_financial_crisis" title="1997 Asian financial crisis">1997 Asian financial crisis</a>. </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><h2 id="Business_facilitation">Business facilitation</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Business facilitation" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> As a regional organization, APEC has always played a leading role in the area of reform initiatives in the area of business facilitation. The APEC Trade Facilitation Action Plan (TFAPI) has contributed to a reduction of 6% in the cost of business transactions across the region between 2002 and 2006. According to APEC's projections, the cost of conducting business transactions will be reduced by another 5% between 2007 and 2010. To this end, a new Trade Facilitation Action Plan has been endorsed. According to a 2008 research brief published by the <a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a> as part of its Trade Costs and Facilitation Project, increasing transparency in the region's trading system is critical if APEC is to meet its Bogor Goal targets.<a href="#cite_note-44">[40]</a> The <a href="/wiki/APEC_Business_Travel_Card" title="APEC Business Travel Card">APEC Business Travel Card</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Travel_document" title="Travel document">travel document</a> for visa-free business travel within the region is one of the concrete measures to facilitate business. In May 2010 Russia joined the scheme, thus completing the circle.<a href="#cite_note-45">[41]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Proposed_FTAAP">Proposed FTAAP</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Proposed FTAAP" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> APEC first formally started discussing the concept of a Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific (FTAAP) at its summit in 2006 in Hanoi. However, the proposal for such an area has been around since at least 1966 and Japanese economist <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kiyoshi_Kojima&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kiyoshi Kojima (page does not exist)">Kiyoshi Kojima</a> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E5%B3%B6%E6%B8%85" class="extiw" title="ja:小島清">ja</a>]'s proposal for a Pacific Free Trade agreement proposal. While it gained little traction, the idea led to the formation of <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Trade_and_Development_Conference" title="Pacific Trade and Development Conference">Pacific Trade and Development Conference</a> and then the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Economic_Cooperation_Council" title="Pacific Economic Cooperation Council">Pacific Economic Cooperation Council</a> in 1980 and then APEC in 1989. In the wake of the 2006 summit, economist C. Fred Bergsten advocated a Free Trade Agreement of Asia-Pacific, including the United States amongst the proposed parties to any agreement at that time.<a href="#cite_note-46">[42]</a> His ideas convinced the APEC Business Advisory Council to support this concept. Relatedly, ASEAN and existing <a href="/wiki/Free_trade_agreement" title="Free trade agreement">free trade agreement</a> (FTA) partners negotiated the <a href="/wiki/Regional_Comprehensive_Economic_Partnership" title="Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership">Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership</a> (RCEP), not officially including Russia.<a href="#cite_note-47">[43]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Trans-Pacific_Partnership" title="Trans-Pacific Partnership">Trans-Pacific Partnership</a> (TPP) without China or Russia involved became the US-promoted trade negotiation in the region. At the APEC summit in Beijing in 2014, the three plans were all in discussion.<a href="#cite_note-48">[44]</a> President Obama hosted a TPP meeting at the US Embassy in Beijing in advance of the APEC gathering.<a href="#cite_note-49">[45]</a> The proposal for a FTAAP arose due to the lack of progress in the <a href="/wiki/Doha_round" class="mw-redirect" title="Doha round">Doha round</a> of <a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" title="World Trade Organization">World Trade Organization</a> negotiations, and as a way to overcome the "noodle bowl" effect created by overlapping and conflicting elements of the copious free trade agreements – there were approximately 60 free trade agreements in 2007, with an additional 117 in the process of negotiation in Southeast Asia and the Asia-Pacific region.<a href="#cite_note-BD-50">[46]</a> In 2012, ASEAN+6 countries alone had 339 free trade agreements – many of which were bilateral.<a href="#cite_note-52">[e]</a> The FTAAP is more ambitious in scope than the Doha round, which limits itself to reducing trade restrictions. The FTAAP would create a free trade zone that would considerably expand commerce and economic growth in the region.<a href="#cite_note-BD-50">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-VG-53">[48]</a> The economic expansion and growth in trade could exceed the expectations of other regional free trade areas such as the <a href="/wiki/ASEAN_Plus_Three" class="mw-redirect" title="ASEAN Plus Three">ASEAN Plus Three</a> (ASEAN + China, South Korea and Japan).<a href="#cite_note-VSM-54">[49]</a> Some criticisms include that the diversion of trade within APEC members would create trade imbalances, market conflicts and complications with nations of other regions.<a href="#cite_note-VG-53">[48]</a> The development of the FTAAP is expected to take many years, involving essential studies, evaluations and negotiations between member economies.<a href="#cite_note-BD-50">[46]</a> It is also affected by the absence of political will and popular agitations and lobbying against free trade in domestic politics.<a href="#cite_note-BD-50">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-55">[50]</a> At the 2014 APEC summit in Beijing, APEC leaders agreed to launch "a collective strategic study" on the FTAAP and instruct officials to undertake the study, consult stakeholders and report the result by the end of 2016.<a href="#cite_note-56">[51]</a> APEC Executive Director Alan Bollard revealed in the Elite Talk show that FTAAP will be APEC's big goal out into the future.<a href="#cite_note-57">[52]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Trans-Pacific_Partnership" title="Trans-Pacific Partnership">Trans-Pacific Partnership</a> included 12 of the 21 APEC members and had provisions for the accession of other APEC members, five of which expressed interest in membership. </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><h2 id="APEC_Study_Centre_Consortium">APEC Study Centre Consortium</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: APEC Study Centre Consortium" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> In 1993, APEC Leaders decided to establish a network of APEC Study Centres (APCs) among universities and research institutions in member economies. The purpose is to foster cooperation among tertiary and research institutes of member economies, thus having better academic collaboration on key regional economic challenges. To encourage independence from the APEC conference, the APCs are funded independently and choose their own research topics.<a href="#cite_note-ASCC-58">[53]</a> As of December 2018, there are 70 APCs among the member economies. An annual conference is usually held in the host economy for that year.<a href="#cite_note-ASCC-58">[53]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><h2 id="APEC_Business_Advisory_Council">APEC Business Advisory Council</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: APEC Business Advisory Council" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> The APEC Business Advisory Council (ABAC) was created by the APEC Economic Leaders in November 1995 with the aim of providing advice to the APEC Economic Leaders on ways to achieve the Bogor Goals and other specific business sector priorities, and to provide the business perspective on specific areas of co-operation.<a href="#cite_note-59">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[55]</a> Each economy nominates up to three members from the private sector to ABAC. These business leaders represent a wide range of industry sectors. ABAC provides an annual report to APEC Economic Leaders containing recommendations to improve the business and investment environment in the Asia-Pacific region, and outlining business views about priority regional issues. ABAC is also the only non-governmental organisation that is on the official agenda of the APEC Economic Leader's Meeting.<a href="#cite_note-61">[56]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><h2 id="Annual_APEC_economic_leaders'_meetings">Annual APEC economic leaders' meetings</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Annual APEC economic leaders' meetings" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a>. Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation" title="Special:EditPage/Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2024) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><video id="mwe_player_1" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/1996_Asia_Pacific_Economic_Leaders_Meeting_%28APEC%29_Philippines_-_Subic_Bay_Freeport_Zone.webm/280px--1996_Asia_Pacific_Economic_Leaders_Meeting_%28APEC%29_Philippines_-_Subic_Bay_Freeport_Zone.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="280" height="224" data-durationhint="2372" data-mwtitle="1996_Asia_Pacific_Economic_Leaders_Meeting_(APEC)_Philippines_-_Subic_Bay_Freeport_Zone.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:1996_Asia_Pacific_Economic_Leaders_Meeting_(APEC)_Philippines_-_Subic_Bay_Freeport_Zone.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/65/1996_Asia_Pacific_Economic_Leaders_Meeting_%28APEC%29_Philippines_-_Subic_Bay_Freeport_Zone.webm/1996_Asia_Pacific_Economic_Leaders_Meeting_%28APEC%29_Philippines_-_Subic_Bay_Freeport_Zone.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type='video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"' data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="600" data-height="480"></source><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/1996_Asia_Pacific_Economic_Leaders_Meeting_%28APEC%29_Philippines_-_Subic_Bay_Freeport_Zone.webm" type='video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"' data-width="600" data-height="480"></source><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/65/1996_Asia_Pacific_Economic_Leaders_Meeting_%28APEC%29_Philippines_-_Subic_Bay_Freeport_Zone.webm/1996_Asia_Pacific_Economic_Leaders_Meeting_%28APEC%29_Philippines_-_Subic_Bay_Freeport_Zone.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="180" data-height="144"></source><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/65/1996_Asia_Pacific_Economic_Leaders_Meeting_%28APEC%29_Philippines_-_Subic_Bay_Freeport_Zone.webm/1996_Asia_Pacific_Economic_Leaders_Meeting_%28APEC%29_Philippines_-_Subic_Bay_Freeport_Zone.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type='video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"' data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="300" data-height="240"></source><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/65/1996_Asia_Pacific_Economic_Leaders_Meeting_%28APEC%29_Philippines_-_Subic_Bay_Freeport_Zone.webm/1996_Asia_Pacific_Economic_Leaders_Meeting_%28APEC%29_Philippines_-_Subic_Bay_Freeport_Zone.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type='video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"' data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="450" data-height="360"></source><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/65/1996_Asia_Pacific_Economic_Leaders_Meeting_%28APEC%29_Philippines_-_Subic_Bay_Freeport_Zone.webm/1996_Asia_Pacific_Economic_Leaders_Meeting_%28APEC%29_Philippines_-_Subic_Bay_Freeport_Zone.webm.360p.webm" type='video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"' data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="450" data-height="360"></source></video><figcaption>Summary video of the APEC Philippines 1996 Meeting</figcaption></figure> Since its formation in 1989, APEC has held annual meetings with representatives from all member economies. The first four annual meetings were attended by ministerial-level officials. Beginning in 1993, the annual meetings are named APEC Economic Leaders' Meetings and are attended by the <a href="/wiki/Heads_of_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Heads of government">heads of government</a> from all member economies except Taiwan, which is represented by a ministerial-level official.<a href="#cite_note-calendar-22">[21]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Meeting_developments">Meeting developments</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Meeting developments" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> In 1997, the APEC meeting was held in <a href="/wiki/Vancouver" title="Vancouver">Vancouver</a>. Controversy arose after officers of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Mounted_Police" title="Royal Canadian Mounted Police">Royal Canadian Mounted Police</a> used <a href="/wiki/Pepper_spray" title="Pepper spray">pepper spray</a> against protesters. The protesters objected to the presence of <a href="/wiki/Autocratic" class="mw-redirect" title="Autocratic">autocratic</a> leaders such as Indonesian president <a href="/wiki/Suharto" title="Suharto">Suharto</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Pue_2000-62">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-Wallace_1998-63">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-Nuttall-Smith_1997-64">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-Schmidt_1998-65">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-BCCLA_1997_APEC-66">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-BCCLA_1997_Jones_Arrested-67">[62]</a> At the <a href="/wiki/2001_Leaders%27_Meeting" class="mw-redirect" title="2001 Leaders' Meeting">2001 Leaders' Meeting</a> in Shanghai, APEC leaders pushed for a new round of trade negotiations and support for a program of trade capacity-building assistance, leading to the launch of the Doha Development Agenda a few weeks later. The meeting also endorsed the Shanghai Accord proposed by the United States, emphasising the implementation of open markets, structural reform, and <a href="/wiki/Capacity_building" title="Capacity building">capacity building</a>. As part of the accord, the meeting committed to develop and implement APEC transparency standards, reduce trade <a href="/wiki/Transaction_cost" title="Transaction cost">transaction costs</a> in the Asia-Pacific region by five percent over five years, and pursue <a href="/wiki/Free_trade" title="Free trade">trade liberalisation</a> policies relating to information technology goods and services. In 2003, <a href="/wiki/Jemaah_Islamiah" class="mw-redirect" title="Jemaah Islamiah">Jemaah Islamiah</a> leader <a href="/wiki/Riduan_Isamuddin" title="Riduan Isamuddin">Riduan Isamuddin</a> had planned to attack the APEC Leaders Meeting to be held in <a href="/wiki/Bangkok" title="Bangkok">Bangkok</a> in October. He was captured in the city of <a href="/wiki/Ayutthaya_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayutthaya (city)">Ayutthaya</a>, Thailand by Thai police on 11 August 2003, before he could finish planning the attack.<a href="#cite_note-68">[63]</a> Chile became the first South American nation to host the Leaders' Meeting in 2004. The agenda of that year was focused on terrorism and commerce, <a href="/wiki/Small_and_medium_enterprise" class="mw-redirect" title="Small and medium enterprise">small and medium enterprise</a> development, and contemplation of free agreements and regional trade agreements. The 2005 Leaders' Meeting was held in <a href="/wiki/Busan" title="Busan">Busan</a>, South Korea. The meeting focused on the <a href="/wiki/Doha_round" class="mw-redirect" title="Doha round">Doha round</a> of <a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" title="World Trade Organization">World Trade Organization</a> (WTO) negotiations, leading up to the <a href="/wiki/WTO_Ministerial_Conference_of_2005" class="mw-redirect" title="WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005">WTO Ministerial Conference of 2005</a> held in Hong Kong in December. Weeks earlier, trade negotiations in Paris were held between several WTO members, including the United States and the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>, centred on reducing agricultural <a href="/wiki/Trade_barrier" title="Trade barrier">trade barriers</a>. APEC leaders at the summit urged the European Union to agree to reduce <a href="/wiki/Farm_subsidies" class="mw-redirect" title="Farm subsidies">farm subsidies</a>. In a continuation of the climate information sharing initiative established by the APEC Climate Network working group, it was decided by the leaders to install the <a href="/wiki/APEC_Climate_Center" title="APEC Climate Center">APEC Climate Center</a> in Busan. Peaceful protests against APEC were staged in Busan, but the meeting schedule was not affected. At the Leaders' Meeting held on 19 November 2006 in <a href="/wiki/Hanoi" title="Hanoi">Hanoi</a>, APEC leaders called for a new start to global free-trade negotiations while condemning terrorism and other threats to security. APEC also criticised North Korea for conducting a <a href="/wiki/2006_North_Korean_nuclear_test" title="2006 North Korean nuclear test">nuclear test</a> and a <a href="/wiki/2006_North_Korean_missile_test" title="2006 North Korean missile test">missile test launch</a> that year, urging the country to take "concrete and effective" steps toward <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_disarmament" title="Nuclear disarmament">nuclear disarmament</a>. Concerns about <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_proliferation" title="Nuclear proliferation">nuclear proliferation</a> in the region was discussed in addition to economic topics. The United States and Russia signed an agreement as part of Russia's bid to join the World Trade Organization. The <a href="/wiki/APEC_Australia_2007" title="APEC Australia 2007">APEC Australia 2007</a> Leaders' Meeting was held in Sydney from 2–9 September 2007. The political leaders agreed to an "aspirational goal" of a 25% reduction of energy intensity correlative with economic development.<a href="#cite_note-wnn-69">[64]</a> Extreme security measures including airborne sharpshooters and extensive steel-and-concrete barricades were deployed against anticipated protesters and potential terrorists. However, protest activities were peaceful and the security envelope was penetrated with ease by a <a href="/wiki/The_Chaser_APEC_pranks" title="The Chaser APEC pranks">spoof diplomatic motorcade</a> manned by members of the Australian television program <a href="/wiki/The_Chaser" title="The Chaser">The Chaser</a>, one of whom was dressed to resemble the <a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">Al-Qaeda</a> leader <a href="/wiki/Osama_bin_Laden" title="Osama bin Laden">Osama bin Laden</a>. The <a href="/wiki/APEC_Chile_2019" title="APEC Chile 2019">APEC Chile 2019</a>, originally to be held 16–17 November 2019 in Chile, was cancelled due to <a href="/wiki/2019%E2%80%932020_Chilean_protests" class="mw-redirect" title="2019–2020 Chilean protests">ongoing protests</a> by sections of its population over inequality, the cost of living and police repression.<a href="#cite_note-70">[65]</a> The 2023 <a href="/wiki/APEC_United_States_2023" title="APEC United States 2023">APEC</a> meeting was notable for a lack of consensuses of group members on their stance over the <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russia–Ukraine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Israel–Hamas war">Israel–Hamas conflicts</a> as well as consensus for <a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" title="World Trade Organization">WTO</a> reforms. The meeting between <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Biden</a> and <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi</a> was also seen as significant in terms of reducing tensions between the US and China.<a href="#cite_note-71">[66]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="APEC_leaders'_group_photo">APEC leaders' group photo</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: APEC leaders' group photo" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> At the end of the APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting, the leaders gather for the official APEC Leaders' Family Photo. A tradition has the leaders dressing to reflect the culture of the host member. The tradition dates to the first such meeting in 1993 when then-U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> insisted on informal attire and gave the leaders leather <a href="/wiki/Flight_jacket" title="Flight jacket">bomber jackets</a>. At the 2010 meeting, Japan had the leaders dress in smart casual rather than the traditional <a href="/wiki/Kimono" title="Kimono">kimono</a>.<a href="#cite_note-no_kimono-72">[67]</a> Similarly, when Honolulu was selected in 2009 as the site for the 2011 APEC meeting, U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> joked that he looked forward to seeing the leaders dressed in "flowered shirts and grass skirts". After viewing previous photos, and concerned that having the leaders dress in <a href="/wiki/Aloha_shirt" title="Aloha shirt">aloha shirts</a> might give the wrong impression during a period of economic austerity, Obama instead decided it might be time to end the tradition. Leaders were given a specially designed aloha shirt as a gift but were not expected to wear it for the photo.<a href="#cite_note-no_aloha_shirts-73">[68]</a> Leaders in Bali, Indonesia at the 2013 conference wore a batik outfit; in China 2014 Tang suit jackets; in the Philippines 2015 <a href="/wiki/Barong_tagalog" title="Barong tagalog">barong tagalogs</a>; in Peru 2016 <a href="/wiki/Vicu%C3%B1a_wool" title="Vicuña wool">vicuña wool</a> shawls; in 2017 Vietnamese silk shirts.<a href="#cite_note-74">[69]</a> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Photograph_of_President_William_Jefferson_Clinton_and_Leaders_of_the_Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation_(APEC)_on_the_Tyee_Ferry_on_Blake_Island_in_Seattle,_Washington_-_NARA_-_5720209.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="APEC United States 1993"><noscript><img alt="APEC United States 1993" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Photograph_of_President_William_Jefferson_Clinton_and_Leaders_of_the_Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation_%28APEC%29_on_the_Tyee_Ferry_on_Blake_Island_in_Seattle%2C_Washington_-_NARA_-_5720209.jpg/200px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="134" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2800" data-file-height="1869"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 134px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Photograph_of_President_William_Jefferson_Clinton_and_Leaders_of_the_Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation_%28APEC%29_on_the_Tyee_Ferry_on_Blake_Island_in_Seattle%2C_Washington_-_NARA_-_5720209.jpg/200px-thumbnail.jpg" data-alt="APEC United States 1993" data-width="200" data-height="134" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Photograph_of_President_William_Jefferson_Clinton_and_Leaders_of_the_Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation_%28APEC%29_on_the_Tyee_Ferry_on_Blake_Island_in_Seattle%2C_Washington_-_NARA_-_5720209.jpg/300px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Photograph_of_President_William_Jefferson_Clinton_and_Leaders_of_the_Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation_%28APEC%29_on_the_Tyee_Ferry_on_Blake_Island_in_Seattle%2C_Washington_-_NARA_-_5720209.jpg/400px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext">APEC United States 1993</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Brunei_15-16_November-9.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="APEC Brunei 2000"><noscript><img alt="APEC Brunei 2000" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Brunei_15-16_November-9.jpg/200px-Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Brunei_15-16_November-9.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="134" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="334"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 134px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Brunei_15-16_November-9.jpg/200px-Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Brunei_15-16_November-9.jpg" data-alt="APEC Brunei 2000" data-width="200" data-height="134" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Brunei_15-16_November-9.jpg/300px-Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Brunei_15-16_November-9.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Brunei_15-16_November-9.jpg/400px-Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Brunei_15-16_November-9.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext">APEC Brunei 2000</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_China_19-21_October_2001-14.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="APEC China 2001"><noscript><img alt="APEC China 2001" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_China_19-21_October_2001-14.jpg/200px-Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_China_19-21_October_2001-14.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="134" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="334"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 134px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_China_19-21_October_2001-14.jpg/200px-Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_China_19-21_October_2001-14.jpg" data-alt="APEC China 2001" data-width="200" data-height="134" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_China_19-21_October_2001-14.jpg/300px-Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_China_19-21_October_2001-14.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_China_19-21_October_2001-14.jpg/400px-Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_China_19-21_October_2001-14.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/APEC_China_2001" title="APEC China 2001">APEC China 2001</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Thailand_19-21_October_2003-16.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="APEC Thailand 2003"><noscript><img alt="APEC Thailand 2003" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Thailand_19-21_October_2003-16.jpg/200px-Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Thailand_19-21_October_2003-16.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="136" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1396"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 136px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Thailand_19-21_October_2003-16.jpg/200px-Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Thailand_19-21_October_2003-16.jpg" data-alt="APEC Thailand 2003" data-width="200" data-height="136" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Thailand_19-21_October_2003-16.jpg/300px-Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Thailand_19-21_October_2003-16.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Thailand_19-21_October_2003-16.jpg/400px-Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Thailand_19-21_October_2003-16.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/APEC_Thailand_2003" title="APEC Thailand 2003">APEC Thailand 2003</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Chile_20-21_November_2004-3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="APEC Chile 2004"><noscript><img alt="APEC Chile 2004" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Chile_20-21_November_2004-3.jpg/200px-Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Chile_20-21_November_2004-3.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="134" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="334"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 134px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Chile_20-21_November_2004-3.jpg/200px-Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Chile_20-21_November_2004-3.jpg" data-alt="APEC Chile 2004" data-width="200" data-height="134" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Chile_20-21_November_2004-3.jpg/300px-Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Chile_20-21_November_2004-3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Chile_20-21_November_2004-3.jpg/400px-Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Chile_20-21_November_2004-3.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/APEC_Chile_2004" title="APEC Chile 2004">APEC Chile 2004</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_South_Korea_18-19_November_2005-8.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="APEC South Korea 2005"><noscript><img alt="APEC South Korea 2005" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_South_Korea_18-19_November_2005-8.jpg/200px-Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_South_Korea_18-19_November_2005-8.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="139" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2088"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 139px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_South_Korea_18-19_November_2005-8.jpg/200px-Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_South_Korea_18-19_November_2005-8.jpg" data-alt="APEC South Korea 2005" data-width="200" data-height="139" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_South_Korea_18-19_November_2005-8.jpg/300px-Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_South_Korea_18-19_November_2005-8.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_South_Korea_18-19_November_2005-8.jpg/400px-Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_South_Korea_18-19_November_2005-8.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/APEC_South_Korea_2005" title="APEC South Korea 2005">APEC South Korea 2005</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Vietnam_18-19_November_2006-11.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="APEC Vietnam 2006"><noscript><img alt="APEC Vietnam 2006" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Vietnam_18-19_November_2006-11.jpg/200px-Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Vietnam_18-19_November_2006-11.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="134" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="334"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 134px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Vietnam_18-19_November_2006-11.jpg/200px-Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Vietnam_18-19_November_2006-11.jpg" data-alt="APEC Vietnam 2006" data-width="200" data-height="134" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Vietnam_18-19_November_2006-11.jpg/300px-Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Vietnam_18-19_November_2006-11.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Vietnam_18-19_November_2006-11.jpg/400px-Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Vietnam_18-19_November_2006-11.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/APEC_Vietnam_2006" title="APEC Vietnam 2006">APEC Vietnam 2006</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Australia_7-9_September_2007-3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="APEC Australia 2007"><noscript><img alt="APEC Australia 2007" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Australia_7-9_September_2007-3.jpg/200px-Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Australia_7-9_September_2007-3.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="795"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 133px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Australia_7-9_September_2007-3.jpg/200px-Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Australia_7-9_September_2007-3.jpg" data-alt="APEC Australia 2007" data-width="200" data-height="133" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Australia_7-9_September_2007-3.jpg/300px-Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Australia_7-9_September_2007-3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Australia_7-9_September_2007-3.jpg/400px-Vladimir_Putin_at_APEC_Summit_in_Australia_7-9_September_2007-3.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/APEC_Australia_2007" title="APEC Australia 2007">APEC Australia 2007</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Dmitry_Medvedev_at_APEC_Summit_in_Peru_22-23_November_2008-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="APEC Peru 2008"><noscript><img alt="APEC Peru 2008" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Dmitry_Medvedev_at_APEC_Summit_in_Peru_22-23_November_2008-2.jpg/200px-Dmitry_Medvedev_at_APEC_Summit_in_Peru_22-23_November_2008-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="134" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="334"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 134px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Dmitry_Medvedev_at_APEC_Summit_in_Peru_22-23_November_2008-2.jpg/200px-Dmitry_Medvedev_at_APEC_Summit_in_Peru_22-23_November_2008-2.jpg" data-alt="APEC Peru 2008" data-width="200" data-height="134" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Dmitry_Medvedev_at_APEC_Summit_in_Peru_22-23_November_2008-2.jpg/300px-Dmitry_Medvedev_at_APEC_Summit_in_Peru_22-23_November_2008-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Dmitry_Medvedev_at_APEC_Summit_in_Peru_22-23_November_2008-2.jpg/400px-Dmitry_Medvedev_at_APEC_Summit_in_Peru_22-23_November_2008-2.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/APEC_Peru_2008" title="APEC Peru 2008">APEC Peru 2008</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Singapore_APEC_2009_leaders.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="APEC Singapore 2009"><noscript><img alt="APEC Singapore 2009" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Singapore_APEC_2009_leaders.jpg/200px-Singapore_APEC_2009_leaders.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="126" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3728" data-file-height="2348"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 126px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Singapore_APEC_2009_leaders.jpg/200px-Singapore_APEC_2009_leaders.jpg" data-alt="APEC Singapore 2009" data-width="200" data-height="126" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Singapore_APEC_2009_leaders.jpg/300px-Singapore_APEC_2009_leaders.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Singapore_APEC_2009_leaders.jpg/400px-Singapore_APEC_2009_leaders.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/APEC_Singapore_2009" title="APEC Singapore 2009">APEC Singapore 2009</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><a href="/wiki/File:13.11.2010_Gira_a_Asia.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="APEC Japan 2010"><noscript><img alt="APEC Japan 2010" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/13.11.2010_Gira_a_Asia.jpg/200px-13.11.2010_Gira_a_Asia.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="76" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2150" data-file-height="820"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 76px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/13.11.2010_Gira_a_Asia.jpg/200px-13.11.2010_Gira_a_Asia.jpg" data-alt="APEC Japan 2010" data-width="200" data-height="76" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/13.11.2010_Gira_a_Asia.jpg/300px-13.11.2010_Gira_a_Asia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/13.11.2010_Gira_a_Asia.jpg/400px-13.11.2010_Gira_a_Asia.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/APEC_Japan_2010" title="APEC Japan 2010">APEC Japan 2010</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><a href="/wiki/File:APEC_Hawaii.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="APEC United States 2011"><noscript><img alt="APEC United States 2011" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/APEC_Hawaii.jpg/200px-APEC_Hawaii.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3990" data-file-height="2646"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 133px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/APEC_Hawaii.jpg/200px-APEC_Hawaii.jpg" data-alt="APEC United States 2011" data-width="200" data-height="133" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/APEC_Hawaii.jpg/300px-APEC_Hawaii.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/APEC_Hawaii.jpg/400px-APEC_Hawaii.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/APEC_United_States_2011" title="APEC United States 2011">APEC United States 2011</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><a href="/wiki/File:APEC_Russia_2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="APEC Russia 2012"><noscript><img alt="APEC Russia 2012" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/APEC_Russia_2012.jpg/200px-APEC_Russia_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="126" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1984" data-file-height="1246"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 126px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/APEC_Russia_2012.jpg/200px-APEC_Russia_2012.jpg" data-alt="APEC Russia 2012" data-width="200" data-height="126" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/APEC_Russia_2012.jpg/300px-APEC_Russia_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/APEC_Russia_2012.jpg/400px-APEC_Russia_2012.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/APEC_Russia_2012" title="APEC Russia 2012">APEC Russia 2012</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Apec_2013.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="APEC Indonesia 2013"><noscript><img alt="APEC Indonesia 2013" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Apec_2013.jpg/200px-Apec_2013.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4869" data-file-height="3241"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 133px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Apec_2013.jpg/200px-Apec_2013.jpg" data-alt="APEC Indonesia 2013" data-width="200" data-height="133" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Apec_2013.jpg/300px-Apec_2013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Apec_2013.jpg/400px-Apec_2013.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/APEC_Indonesia_2013" title="APEC Indonesia 2013">APEC Indonesia 2013</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><a href="/wiki/File:APEC_Summit_China_2014.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="APEC China 2014"><noscript><img alt="APEC China 2014" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/APEC_Summit_China_2014.jpg/200px-APEC_Summit_China_2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="123" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1880" data-file-height="1160"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 123px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/APEC_Summit_China_2014.jpg/200px-APEC_Summit_China_2014.jpg" data-alt="APEC China 2014" data-width="200" data-height="123" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/APEC_Summit_China_2014.jpg/300px-APEC_Summit_China_2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/APEC_Summit_China_2014.jpg/400px-APEC_Summit_China_2014.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/APEC_China_2014" title="APEC China 2014">APEC China 2014</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><a href="/wiki/File:APEC_Philippines_2015_delegates.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="APEC Philippines 2015"><noscript><img alt="APEC Philippines 2015" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/APEC_Philippines_2015_delegates.jpg/200px-APEC_Philippines_2015_delegates.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="100" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2126" data-file-height="1066"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 100px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/APEC_Philippines_2015_delegates.jpg/200px-APEC_Philippines_2015_delegates.jpg" data-alt="APEC Philippines 2015" data-width="200" data-height="100" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/APEC_Philippines_2015_delegates.jpg/300px-APEC_Philippines_2015_delegates.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/APEC_Philippines_2015_delegates.jpg/400px-APEC_Philippines_2015_delegates.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/APEC_Philippines_2015" title="APEC Philippines 2015">APEC Philippines 2015</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Foto_Oficial_APEC_2016_(LIMA_PERU).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="APEC Peru 2016"><noscript><img alt="APEC Peru 2016" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Foto_Oficial_APEC_2016_%28LIMA_PERU%29.jpg/200px-Foto_Oficial_APEC_2016_%28LIMA_PERU%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="110" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="6952" data-file-height="3810"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 110px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Foto_Oficial_APEC_2016_%28LIMA_PERU%29.jpg/200px-Foto_Oficial_APEC_2016_%28LIMA_PERU%29.jpg" data-alt="APEC Peru 2016" data-width="200" data-height="110" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Foto_Oficial_APEC_2016_%28LIMA_PERU%29.jpg/300px-Foto_Oficial_APEC_2016_%28LIMA_PERU%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Foto_Oficial_APEC_2016_%28LIMA_PERU%29.jpg/400px-Foto_Oficial_APEC_2016_%28LIMA_PERU%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/APEC_Peru_2016" title="APEC Peru 2016">APEC Peru 2016</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><a href="/wiki/File:APEC_Vietnam_2017_Leaders_Meeting.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="APEC Vietnam 2017"><noscript><img alt="APEC Vietnam 2017" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/APEC_Vietnam_2017_Leaders_Meeting.jpg/200px-APEC_Vietnam_2017_Leaders_Meeting.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="124" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4726" data-file-height="2930"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 124px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/APEC_Vietnam_2017_Leaders_Meeting.jpg/200px-APEC_Vietnam_2017_Leaders_Meeting.jpg" data-alt="APEC Vietnam 2017" data-width="200" data-height="124" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/APEC_Vietnam_2017_Leaders_Meeting.jpg/300px-APEC_Vietnam_2017_Leaders_Meeting.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/APEC_Vietnam_2017_Leaders_Meeting.jpg/400px-APEC_Vietnam_2017_Leaders_Meeting.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/APEC_Vietnam_2017" title="APEC Vietnam 2017">APEC Vietnam 2017</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><a href="/wiki/File:APEC_Leaders_Photo_-_Papua_New_Guinea_2018.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="APEC Papua New Guinea 2018"><noscript><img alt="APEC Papua New Guinea 2018" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/APEC_Leaders_Photo_-_Papua_New_Guinea_2018.jpg/200px-APEC_Leaders_Photo_-_Papua_New_Guinea_2018.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="121" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="582"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 121px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/APEC_Leaders_Photo_-_Papua_New_Guinea_2018.jpg/200px-APEC_Leaders_Photo_-_Papua_New_Guinea_2018.jpg" data-alt="APEC Papua New Guinea 2018" data-width="200" data-height="121" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/APEC_Leaders_Photo_-_Papua_New_Guinea_2018.jpg/300px-APEC_Leaders_Photo_-_Papua_New_Guinea_2018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/APEC_Leaders_Photo_-_Papua_New_Guinea_2018.jpg/400px-APEC_Leaders_Photo_-_Papua_New_Guinea_2018.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/APEC_Papua_New_Guinea_2018" title="APEC Papua New Guinea 2018">APEC Papua New Guinea 2018</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Biden_participates_in_a_family_photo_with_APEC_economies_and_guest_economies_-_2023.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="APEC United States 2023"><noscript><img alt="APEC United States 2023" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/President_Biden_participates_in_a_family_photo_with_APEC_economies_and_guest_economies_-_2023.jpg/200px-President_Biden_participates_in_a_family_photo_with_APEC_economies_and_guest_economies_-_2023.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 133px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/President_Biden_participates_in_a_family_photo_with_APEC_economies_and_guest_economies_-_2023.jpg/200px-President_Biden_participates_in_a_family_photo_with_APEC_economies_and_guest_economies_-_2023.jpg" data-alt="APEC United States 2023" data-width="200" data-height="133" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/President_Biden_participates_in_a_family_photo_with_APEC_economies_and_guest_economies_-_2023.jpg/300px-President_Biden_participates_in_a_family_photo_with_APEC_economies_and_guest_economies_-_2023.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/President_Biden_participates_in_a_family_photo_with_APEC_economies_and_guest_economies_-_2023.jpg/400px-President_Biden_participates_in_a_family_photo_with_APEC_economies_and_guest_economies_-_2023.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/APEC_United_States_2023" title="APEC United States 2023">APEC United States 2023</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><a href="/wiki/File:APEC_Peru_2024_family_photo.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="APEC Peru 2024"><noscript><img alt="APEC Peru 2024" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/APEC_Peru_2024_family_photo.jpg/200px-APEC_Peru_2024_family_photo.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 133px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/APEC_Peru_2024_family_photo.jpg/200px-APEC_Peru_2024_family_photo.jpg" data-alt="APEC Peru 2024" data-width="200" data-height="133" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/APEC_Peru_2024_family_photo.jpg/300px-APEC_Peru_2024_family_photo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/APEC_Peru_2024_family_photo.jpg/400px-APEC_Peru_2024_family_photo.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/APEC_Peru_2024" title="APEC Peru 2024">APEC Peru 2024</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="APEC_Summits">APEC Summits</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: APEC Summits" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><noscript><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="256"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" data-alt="Australia" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/APEC_Australia_1989" title="APEC Australia 1989">APEC Australia 1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore"><noscript><img alt="Singapore" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" data-alt="Singapore" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/35px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/45px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=APEC_Singapore_1990&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="APEC Singapore 1990 (page does not exist)">APEC Singapore 1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea"><noscript><img alt="South Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" data-alt="South Korea" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=APEC_South_Korea_1991&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="APEC South Korea 1991 (page does not exist)">APEC South Korea 1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand"><noscript><img alt="Thailand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" data-alt="Thailand" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=APEC_Thailand_1992&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="APEC Thailand 1992 (page does not exist)">APEC Thailand 1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><noscript><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" data-alt="United States" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=APEC_United_States_1993&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="APEC United States 1993 (page does not exist)">APEC United States 1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia"><noscript><img alt="Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" data-alt="Indonesia" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/APEC_Indonesia_1994" title="APEC Indonesia 1994">APEC Indonesia 1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><noscript><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" data-alt="Japan" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=APEC_Japan_1995&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="APEC Japan 1995 (page does not exist)">APEC Japan 1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines"><noscript><img alt="Philippines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" data-alt="Philippines" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/APEC_Philippines_1996" title="APEC Philippines 1996">APEC Philippines 1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada"><noscript><img alt="Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" data-alt="Canada" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/APEC_Canada_1997" title="APEC Canada 1997">APEC Canada 1997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia"><noscript><img alt="Malaysia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" data-alt="Malaysia" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=APEC_Malaysia_1998&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="APEC Malaysia 1998 (page does not exist)">APEC Malaysia 1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand"><noscript><img alt="New Zealand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" data-alt="New Zealand" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=APEC_New_Zealand_1999&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="APEC New Zealand 1999 (page does not exist)">APEC New Zealand 1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei"><noscript><img alt="Brunei" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="720"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png" data-alt="Brunei" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/35px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Brunei.svg/46px-Flag_of_Brunei.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=APEC_Brunei_2000&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="APEC Brunei 2000 (page does not exist)">APEC Brunei 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><noscript><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" data-alt="China" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/APEC_China_2001" title="APEC China 2001">APEC China 2001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico"><noscript><img alt="Mexico" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 13px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" data-alt="Mexico" data-width="23" data-height="13" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/APEC_Mexico_2002" title="APEC Mexico 2002">APEC Mexico 2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand"><noscript><img alt="Thailand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" data-alt="Thailand" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/APEC_Thailand_2003" title="APEC Thailand 2003">APEC Thailand 2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile"><noscript><img alt="Chile" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" data-alt="Chile" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/APEC_Chile_2004" title="APEC Chile 2004">APEC Chile 2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea"><noscript><img alt="South Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" data-alt="South Korea" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/APEC_South_Korea_2005" title="APEC South Korea 2005">APEC South Korea 2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam"><noscript><img alt="Vietnam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" data-alt="Vietnam" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/APEC_Vietnam_2006" title="APEC Vietnam 2006">APEC Vietnam 2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><noscript><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="256"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" data-alt="Australia" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/APEC_Australia_2007" title="APEC Australia 2007">APEC Australia 2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru"><noscript><img alt="Peru" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" data-alt="Peru" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/35px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/45px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/APEC_Peru_2008" title="APEC Peru 2008">APEC Peru 2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore"><noscript><img alt="Singapore" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/23px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" data-alt="Singapore" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/35px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/45px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/APEC_Singapore_2009" title="APEC Singapore 2009">APEC Singapore 2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><noscript><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" data-alt="Japan" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/APEC_Japan_2010" title="APEC Japan 2010">APEC Japan 2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><noscript><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" data-alt="United States" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/APEC_United_States_2011" title="APEC United States 2011">APEC United States 2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><noscript><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" data-alt="Russia" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/APEC_Russia_2012" title="APEC Russia 2012">APEC Russia 2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia"><noscript><img alt="Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" data-alt="Indonesia" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/APEC_Indonesia_2013" title="APEC Indonesia 2013">APEC Indonesia 2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><noscript><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" data-alt="China" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/APEC_China_2014" title="APEC China 2014">APEC China 2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines"><noscript><img alt="Philippines" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" data-alt="Philippines" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/APEC_Philippines_2015" title="APEC Philippines 2015">APEC Philippines 2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru"><noscript><img alt="Peru" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" data-alt="Peru" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/35px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/45px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/APEC_Peru_2016" title="APEC Peru 2016">APEC Peru 2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam"><noscript><img alt="Vietnam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" data-alt="Vietnam" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/APEC_Vietnam_2017" title="APEC Vietnam 2017">APEC Vietnam 2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea"><noscript><img alt="Papua New Guinea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 20px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/20px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png" data-alt="Papua New Guinea" data-width="20" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/31px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg/40px-Flag_of_Papua_New_Guinea.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/APEC_Papua_New_Guinea_2018" title="APEC Papua New Guinea 2018">APEC Papua New Guinea 2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile"><noscript><img alt="Chile" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" data-alt="Chile" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/APEC_Chile_2019" title="APEC Chile 2019">APEC Chile 2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia"><noscript><img alt="Malaysia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" data-alt="Malaysia" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/APEC_Malaysia_2020" title="APEC Malaysia 2020">APEC Malaysia 2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand"><noscript><img alt="New Zealand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/23px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png" data-alt="New Zealand" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/35px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg/46px-Flag_of_New_Zealand.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/APEC_New_Zealand_2021" title="APEC New Zealand 2021">APEC New Zealand 2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand"><noscript><img alt="Thailand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" data-alt="Thailand" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/APEC_Thailand_2022" title="APEC Thailand 2022">APEC Thailand 2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><noscript><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 12px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" data-alt="United States" data-width="23" data-height="12" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/APEC_United_States_2023" title="APEC United States 2023">APEC United States 2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru"><noscript><img alt="Peru" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" data-alt="Peru" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/35px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/45px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/APEC_Peru_2024" title="APEC Peru 2024">APEC Peru 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea"><noscript><img alt="South Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" data-alt="South Korea" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/wiki/APEC_South_Korea_2025" title="APEC South Korea 2025">APEC South Korea 2025</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><noscript><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" data-alt="China" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=APEC_China_2026&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="APEC China 2026 (page does not exist)">APEC China 2026</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam"><noscript><img alt="Vietnam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 23px;height: 15px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" data-alt="Vietnam" data-width="23" data-height="15" data-mw-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=APEC_Vietnam_2027&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="APEC Vietnam 2027 (page does not exist)">APEC Vietnam 2027</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"><h2 id="Criticism">Criticism</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Criticism" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> APEC has been criticised for promoting free trade agreements that would impose restrictions on national and local laws, which regulate and ensure labour rights, environmental protection and safe and affordable access to medicine.<a href="#cite_note-75">[70]</a> According to the organisation, it is "the premier forum for facilitating economic growth, cooperation, trade and investment in the Asia-Pacific region" established to "further enhance economic growth and prosperity for the region and to strengthen the Asia-Pacific community".<a href="#cite_note-76">[71]</a> The effectiveness and fairness of its role has been questioned, especially from the viewpoints of European countries that cannot take part in APEC<a href="#cite_note-77">[72]</a> and Pacific Island nations that cannot participate but stand to be affected by its decisions. </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-corruption" title="Anti-corruption">Anti-corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN_Free_Trade_Area" title="ASEAN Free Trade Area">ASEAN Free Trade Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia-Europe_Meeting" class="mw-redirect" title="Asia-Europe Meeting">Asia-Europe Meeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia-Pacific_Trade_Agreements_Database" title="Asia-Pacific Trade Agreements Database">Asia-Pacific Trade Agreements Database</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asia_Economic_Caucus" title="East Asia Economic Caucus">East Asia Economic Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asia_Summit" title="East Asia Summit">East Asia Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_country_groupings" title="List of country groupings">List of country groupings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_multilateral_free-trade_agreements" class="mw-redirect" title="List of multilateral free-trade agreements">List of multilateral free-trade agreements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Alliance" title="Pacific Alliance">Pacific Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Economic_Cooperation_Council" title="Pacific Economic Cooperation Council">Pacific Economic Cooperation Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Mobility_in_Asia_and_the_Pacific" title="University Mobility in Asia and the Pacific">University Mobility in Asia and the Pacific</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_organisations_of_coastal_states">Other organisations of coastal states</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Other organisations of coastal states" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Bengal_Initiative" class="mw-redirect" title="Bay of Bengal Initiative">Bay of Bengal Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Economic_Cooperation" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Sea Economic Cooperation">Black Sea Economic Cooperation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean_Rim_Association_for_Regional_Cooperation" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Ocean Rim Association for Regional Cooperation">Indian Ocean Rim Association for Regional Cooperation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_for_the_Mediterranean" title="Union for the Mediterranean">Union for the Mediterranean</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Notes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ChinTaipei-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ChinTaipei_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ChinTaipei_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ChinTaipei_1-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ChinTaipei_1-3">d</a> Due to the complexities of <a href="/wiki/Cross-Strait_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross-Strait relations">the relations</a> between it and Communist China (officially the People's Republic of China), the Republic of China (ROC or "<a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>"; retroactively known as Nationalist China) is not represented under its official various names such as the "Republic of China", "Nationalist China" or "Taiwan". Instead, it participates in APEC under the name "<a href="/wiki/Chinese_Taipei" title="Chinese Taipei">Chinese Taipei</a>". The <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="President of the Republic of China">President of the Republic of China</a> cannot attend the annual APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting in person. Instead, it is generally represented by a ministerial-level official responsible for economic affairs or someone designated by the president. See <a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_Taipei_Representatives_to_APEC" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Chinese Taipei Representatives to APEC">List of Chinese Taipei Representatives to APEC</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> Hong Kong joined APEC in 1991 during <a href="/wiki/Colonial_Hong_Kong" class="mw-redirect" title="Colonial Hong Kong">British administration</a> with the name "Hong Kong." In 1997, Hong Kong became a <a href="/wiki/Special_Administrative_Region_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China">Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China</a> and took the name "Hong Kong, China." </li> <li id="cite_note-cn-32">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cn_32-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-cn_32-1">b</a> The de jure <a href="/wiki/Head_of_government" title="Head of government">head of government</a> of China is the <a href="/wiki/Premier_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Premier of the People's Republic of China">Premier</a>, whose current holder is <a href="/wiki/Li_Qiang" title="Li Qiang">Li Qiang</a>. The <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the People's Republic of China">President of China</a> is legally a <a href="/wiki/Figurehead" title="Figurehead">ceremonial office</a>, but the <a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party">General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party</a> (de facto <a href="/wiki/Paramount_leader" title="Paramount leader">leader</a> in <a href="/wiki/One-party_state" title="One-party state">one-party</a> <a href="/wiki/Communist_state" title="Communist state">communist state</a>) has always held this office since 1993 except for the months of <a href="/wiki/Succession_of_power_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Succession of power in the People's Republic of China">transition</a>, and the current <a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Chinese_Communist_Party" title="General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party">general secretary</a> is <a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-vt-33">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vt_33-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-vt_33-1">b</a> The actual <a href="/wiki/Head_of_government" title="Head of government">head of the executive government</a> of <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Vietnam" title="Prime Minister of Vietnam">Prime Minister</a>, whose current holder is <a href="/wiki/Ph%E1%BA%A1m_Minh_Ch%C3%ADnh" title="Phạm Minh Chính">Phạm Minh Chính</a>. The <a href="/wiki/President_of_Vietnam" title="President of Vietnam">President of Vietnam</a> is legally the <a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">head of state</a>, but the <a href="/wiki/General_Secretary_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam">General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam</a> (practical highest political leader in <a href="/wiki/One-party_state" title="One-party state">one-party</a> <a href="/wiki/Communist_state" title="Communist state">communist state</a>) is being <a href="/wiki/T%C3%B4_L%C3%A2m" title="Tô Lâm">Tô Lâm</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> "As of January 2012 ASEAN countries have 186 FTAs implemented, signed, under negotiation or under proposal/study, which is substantial progress since… 1992. The <a href="/wiki/ASEAN%2B6" class="mw-redirect" title="ASEAN+6">ASEAN+6</a> countries have a total of 339 FTAs, including between ASEAN countries and the '+6' countries."<a href="#cite_note-51">[47]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(11)"><h2 id="References">References</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-11 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-11"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-ABWwQg-CwY">"What is APEC?"</a>. November 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/-ABWwQg-CwY">Archived</a> from the original on 11 December 2021. Retrieved 26 November 2020 – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+is+APEC%3F&rft.date=2018-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D-ABWwQg-CwY&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia-Pacific+Economic+Cooperation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-apec.org-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-apec.org_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-apec.org_3-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.apec.org/about-us/about-apec/member-economies">"Member Economies"</a>. APEC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180928160451/http://apec.org/About-Us/About-APEC/Member-Economies">Archived</a> from the original on 28 September 2018. Retrieved 16 January 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=APEC&rft.atitle=Member+Economies&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.apec.org%2Fabout-us%2Fabout-apec%2Fmember-economies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia-Pacific+Economic+Cooperation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElek2005" class="citation web cs1">Elek, Andrew (30 September 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pecc.org/resources/doc_view/601-back-to-canberra-founding-apec">"Back to Canberra: Founding APEC"</a>. PECC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200918064533/https://www.pecc.org/resources/doc_view/601-back-to-canberra-founding-apec">Archived</a> from the original on 18 September 2020. Retrieved 12 November 2017. <q>ASEAN's series of post-ministerial consultations,launched in the mid-1980s, had demonstrated the feasibility and value of regular consultations among ministerial-level representatives of both developed and developing economies.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PECC&rft.atitle=Back+to+Canberra%3A+Founding+APEC&rft.date=2005-09-30&rft.aulast=Elek&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pecc.org%2Fresources%2Fdoc_view%2F601-back-to-canberra-founding-apec&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia-Pacific+Economic+Cooperation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-History-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-History_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-History_5-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.apec.org/About-Us/About-APEC/History">"History"</a>. APEC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190304034820/http://apec.org/About-Us/About-APEC/History">Archived</a> from the original on 4 March 2019. Retrieved 18 September 2018. <q>The idea of APEC was firstly publicly broached by former prime minister of Australia Bob Hawke during a speech in Seoul, Korea, on 31 January 1989. Ten months later, 12 Asia-Pacific economies met in Canberra to establish APEC.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=APEC&rft.atitle=History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.apec.org%2FAbout-Us%2FAbout-APEC%2FHistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia-Pacific+Economic+Cooperation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-pecc.org-6">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pecc.org_6-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-pecc.org_6-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElek" class="citation web cs1">Elek, Andrew. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pecc.org/resources/regional-cooperation/601-back-to-canberra-founding-apec/file">"Back to Canberra: Founding APEC"</a>. Pacific Economic Cooperation Council. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160329012108/https://www.pecc.org/resources/regional-cooperation/601-back-to-canberra-founding-apec/file">Archived</a> from the original on 29 March 2016. Retrieved 18 September 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pacific+Economic+Cooperation+Council&rft.atitle=Back+to+Canberra%3A+Founding+APEC&rft.aulast=Elek&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pecc.org%2Fresources%2Fregional-cooperation%2F601-back-to-canberra-founding-apec%2Ffile&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia-Pacific+Economic+Cooperation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncapec.org/docs/what_is_apec.pdf">"What is APEC and what can it do for business?"</a> (PDF). National Center for APEC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110726041714/http://www.ncapec.org/docs/what_is_apec.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 26 July 2011. <q>The APEC Secretariat is based in Singapore. The Secretariat is staffed by 20 diplomats seconded from APEC member economies and by 20 local staff.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Center+for+APEC&rft.atitle=What+is+APEC+and+what+can+it+do+for+business%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncapec.org%2Fdocs%2Fwhat_is_apec.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia-Pacific+Economic+Cooperation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChu2017" class="citation web cs1">Chu, Shulong (1 February 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brookings.edu/opinions/the-east-asia-summit-looking-for-an-identity/">"The East Asia Summit: Looking for an Identity"</a>. 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Retrieved 18 September 2018. <q>APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation) is the oldest such forum and is generally recognized as the highest-level multilateral process in Asia-Pacific.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Brookings&rft.atitle=The+East+Asia+Summit%3A+Looking+for+an+Identity&rft.date=2017-02-01&rft.aulast=Chu&rft.aufirst=Shulong&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.brookings.edu%2Fopinions%2Fthe-east-asia-summit-looking-for-an-identity%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia-Pacific+Economic+Cooperation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.apec.org/About-Us/About-APEC/Achievements-and-Benefits">"Achievements and Benefits"</a>. apec.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201030230425/https://www.apec.org/About-Us/About-APEC/Achievements-and-Benefits">Archived</a> from the original on 30 October 2020. 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FXCM. 9 January 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180916201924/https://www.fxcm.com/insights/2016-apec-forum-affect-world-economy/">Archived</a> from the original on 16 September 2018. <q>The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum represents a potentially large-scale trade area that, when functioning in a concerted manner, could in the future work to shift the axis of global manufacturing and trade away from the North Atlantic–European region toward the Pacific. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.apec.org/apec/about_apec.html">the original</a> on 19 November 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+APEC+%E2%80%93+Asia-Pacific+Economic+Cooperation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.apec.org%2Fapec%2Fabout_apec.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia-Pacific+Economic+Cooperation" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.economist.com/displaystory.cfm?story_id=9788478">"APEC—a pretty empty chatter"</a>. The Economist. 12 September 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090208194518/http://www.economist.com/displaystory.cfm?story_id=9788478">Archived</a> from the original on 8 February 2009. Retrieved 26 May 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft.atitle=APEC%E2%80%94a+pretty+empty+chatter&rft.date=2007-09-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fdisplaystory.cfm%3Fstory_id%3D9788478&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia-Pacific+Economic+Cooperation" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(12)"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Further reading" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-12 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-12"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlkan2014" class="citation journal cs1">Alkan, Abdulkadir (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dailysabah.com/asia/2014/11/15/apec-2014-better-diplomatic-ties-for-better-economic-relations">"APEC 2014: Better diplomatic ties for better economic relations"</a>. Daily Sabah.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Sabah&rft.atitle=APEC+2014%3A+Better+diplomatic+ties+for+better+economic+relations&rft.date=2014&rft.aulast=Alkan&rft.aufirst=Abdulkadir&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailysabah.com%2Fasia%2F2014%2F11%2F15%2Fapec-2014-better-diplomatic-ties-for-better-economic-relations&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia-Pacific+Economic+Cooperation" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFazzone2012" class="citation journal cs1">Fazzone, Patrick B. (2012). "The Trans-Pacific Partnership—Towards a Free Trade Agreement of Asia Pacific?". Georgetown Journal of International Law. 43 (3): 695–743. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1550-5200">1550-5200</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Georgetown+Journal+of+International+Law&rft.atitle=The+Trans-Pacific+Partnership%E2%80%94Towards+a+Free+Trade+Agreement+of+Asia+Pacific%3F&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E695-%3C%2Fspan%3E743&rft.date=2012&rft.issn=1550-5200&rft.aulast=Fazzone&rft.aufirst=Patrick+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAsia-Pacific+Economic+Cooperation" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(13)"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-13 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-13"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output 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last-modified-bar__content"> Last edited on 22 February 2025, at 09:54 </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/APEC" title="APEC – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="APEC" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%AF%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A_%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%A2%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%B7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A6" title="منتدى التعاون الاقتصادي لدول آسيا والمحيط الهادئ – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="منتدى التعاون الاقتصادي لدول آسيا والمحيط الهادئ" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooperaci%C3%B3n_Economica_d%27Asia-Pacifico" title="Cooperación Economica d'Asia-Pacifico – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Cooperación Economica d'Asia-Pacifico" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foru_de_Cooperaci%C3%B3n_Econ%C3%B3mica_Asia-Pac%C3%ADficu" title="Foru de Cooperación Económica Asia-Pacíficu – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Foru de Cooperación Económica Asia-Pacíficu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiya-Sakit_Okean_%C4%B0qtisadi_%C6%8Fm%C9%99kda%C5%9Fl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Asiya-Sakit Okean İqtisadi Əməkdaşlığı – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Asiya-Sakit Okean İqtisadi Əməkdaşlığı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kooperasi_%C3%89konomi_Asia-Pasifik" title="Kooperasi Ékonomi Asia-Pasifik – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Kooperasi Ékonomi Asia-Pasifik" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%88%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE" title="এশিয়া-প্রশান্ত মহাসাগরীয় অর্থনৈতিক সহযোগিতা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="এশিয়া-প্রশান্ত মহাসাগরীয় অর্থনৈতিক সহযোগিতা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/A-chiu_Th%C3%A0i-p%C3%AAng-i%C3%BB%E2%81%BF_Keng-ch%C3%A8_Ha%CC%8Dp-chok_H%C5%8De" title="A-chiu Thài-pêng-iûⁿ Keng-chè Ha̍p-chok Hōe – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="A-chiu Thài-pêng-iûⁿ Keng-chè Ha̍p-chok Hōe" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D0%A2%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%8B%D2%A1_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D2%A1%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D1%85%D0%B5%D2%99%D0%BC%D3%99%D1%82%D1%82%D3%99%D1%88%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5" title="Азия-Тымыҡ океан иҡтисади хеҙмәттәшлеге – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Азия-Тымыҡ океан иҡтисади хеҙмәттәшлеге" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0-%D0%A6%D1%96%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%86%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Азіяцка-Ціхаакіянскае эканамічнае супрацоўніцтва – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Азіяцка-Ціхаакіянскае эканамічнае супрацоўніцтва" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0-%D0%A6%D1%96%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%86%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Азіяцка-Ціхаакіянскае эканамічнае супрацоўніцтва – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Азіяцка-Ціхаакіянскае эканамічнае супрацоўніцтва" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation" title="Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D1%81%D1%8A%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Азиатско-тихоокеанско икономическо сътрудничество – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Азиатско-тихоокеанско икономическо сътрудничество" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooperaci%C3%B3_Econ%C3%B2mica_de_l%27%C3%80sia-Pac%C3%ADfic" title="Cooperació Econòmica de l'Àsia-Pacífic – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cooperació Econòmica de l'Àsia-Pacífic" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kooperasyong_Ekonomikanhong_Asya-Pasipiko" title="Kooperasyong Ekonomikanhong Asya-Pasipiko – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Kooperasyong Ekonomikanhong Asya-Pasipiko" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asijsko-pacifick%C3%A9_hospod%C3%A1%C5%99sk%C3%A9_spole%C4%8Denstv%C3%AD" title="Asijsko-pacifické hospodářské společenství – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Asijsko-pacifické hospodářské společenství" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/APEC" title="APEC – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="APEC" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/APEC" title="APEC – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="APEC" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatisch-Pazifische_Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft" title="Asiatisch-Pazifische Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Asiatisch-Pazifische Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aasia_ja_Vaikse_Ookeani_Majanduskoost%C3%B6%C3%B6" title="Aasia ja Vaikse Ookeani Majanduskoostöö – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Aasia ja Vaikse Ookeani Majanduskoostöö" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%91%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82-%CE%95%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%B7%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%8D" title="Οικονομική Συνεργασία Ασίας-Ειρηνικού – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Οικονομική Συνεργασία Ασίας-Ειρηνικού" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooperaci%C3%B3n_Econ%C3%B3mica_Asia-Pac%C3%ADfico" title="Cooperación Económica Asia-Pacífico – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cooperación Económica Asia-Pacífico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azia-Pacifika_Ekonomia_Kunlaborado" title="Azia-Pacifika Ekonomia Kunlaborado – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Azia-Pacifika Ekonomia Kunlaborado" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_eta_Ozeano_Bareko_Ekonomia_Elkarlana" title="Asia eta Ozeano Bareko Ekonomia Elkarlana – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Asia eta Ozeano Bareko Ekonomia Elkarlana" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%87%D9%85%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%E2%80%93%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="سازمان همکاری‌های اقتصادی آسیا–پاسفیک – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سازمان همکاری‌های اقتصادی آسیا–پاسفیک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coop%C3%A9ration_%C3%A9conomique_pour_l%27Asie-Pacifique" title="Coopération économique pour l'Asie-Pacifique – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Coopération économique pour l'Asie-Pacifique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooperaci%C3%B3n_Econ%C3%B3mica_Asia-Pac%C3%ADfico" title="Cooperación Económica Asia-Pacífico – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cooperación Económica Asia-Pacífico" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%82-ch%C3%BB_Thai-ph%C3%ACn-y%C3%B2ng_K%C3%AEn-chi_Ha%CC%8Dp-chok_Fi-ngi" title="Â-chû Thai-phìn-yòng Kîn-chi Ha̍p-chok Fi-ngi – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Â-chû Thai-phìn-yòng Kîn-chi Ha̍p-chok Fi-ngi" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84_%ED%83%9C%ED%8F%89%EC%96%91_%EA%B2%BD%EC%A0%9C%ED%98%91%EB%A0%A5%EC%B2%B4" title="아시아 태평양 경제협력체 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아시아 태평양 경제협력체" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D6%87_%D5%AD%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%A1%D5%B2%D6%85%D5%BE%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D5%BD%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%BF%D5%B6%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AD%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B0%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%A4" title="Ասիական և խաղաղօվկանոսյան տնտեսական խորհուրդ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ասիական և խաղաղօվկանոսյան տնտեսական խորհուրդ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97" title="एशिया-प्रशांत आर्थिक सहयोग – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="एशिया-प्रशांत आर्थिक सहयोग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/APEC" title="APEC – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="APEC" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azia-Pacifik_Ekonomiala_Kunlaboro" title="Azia-Pacifik Ekonomiala Kunlaboro – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Azia-Pacifik Ekonomiala Kunlaboro" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagtitinnulongan_ti_Ekonomia_ti_Asia-Pasipiko" title="Pagtitinnulongan ti Ekonomia ti Asia-Pasipiko – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Pagtitinnulongan ti Ekonomia ti Asia-Pasipiko" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerja_Sama_Ekonomi_Asia_Pasifik" title="Kerja Sama Ekonomi Asia Pasifik – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kerja Sama Ekonomi Asia Pasifik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asian_Pacific_Economic_Cooperation" title="Asian Pacific Economic Cooperation – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Asian Pacific Economic Cooperation" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efnahagssamstarf_As%C3%ADu-_og_Kyrrahafsr%C3%ADkjanna" title="Efnahagssamstarf Asíu- og Kyrrahafsríkjanna – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Efnahagssamstarf Asíu- og Kyrrahafsríkjanna" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation" title="Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/APEC" title="APEC – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="APEC" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerja_Sama_Ekonomi_Asia_Pasifik" title="Kerja Sama Ekonomi Asia Pasifik – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kerja Sama Ekonomi Asia Pasifik" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%8F%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE-%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AB%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0" title="ಏಷ್ಯಾ-ಪೆಸಿಫಿಕ್ ಆರ್ಥಿಕ ಸಹಕಾರ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಏಷ್ಯಾ-ಪೆಸಿಫಿಕ್ ಆರ್ಥಿಕ ಸಹಕಾರ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D0%A2%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D0%BC%D2%B1%D1%85%D0%B8%D1%82_%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0%D2%93%D1%8B_%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%96%D2%A3_%D3%99%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA-%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%83_%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%93%D1%8B" title="Азия-Тынық мұхит аймағы елдерінің әлеуметтік-экономикалық даму одағы – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Азия-Тынық мұхит аймағы елдерінің әлеуметтік-экономикалық даму одағы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D0%A2%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%87_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B3%D1%8B" title="Азия-Тынч океан экономикалык кызматташтыгы – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Азия-Тынч океан экономикалык кызматташтыгы" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%80zijas_un_Klus%C4%81_oke%C4%81na_ekonomisk%C4%81_sadarb%C4%ABba" title="Āzijas un Klusā okeāna ekonomiskā sadarbība – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Āzijas un Klusā okeāna ekonomiskā sadarbība" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/APEC" title="APEC – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="APEC" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/APEC" title="APEC – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="APEC" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81zsiai_%C3%A9s_Csendes-%C3%B3ce%C3%A1ni_Gazdas%C3%A1gi_Egy%C3%BCttm%C5%B1k%C3%B6d%C3%A9s" title="Ázsiai és Csendes-óceáni Gazdasági Együttműködés – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ázsiai és Csendes-óceáni Gazdasági Együttműködés" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Азиско-тихоокеанска економска соработка – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Азиско-тихоокеанска економска соработка" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%8F%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF-%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%93%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%BB" title="ഏഷ്യ-പസഫിക് എക്കണോമിക് കോഓപ്പറേഷൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഏഷ്യ-പസഫിക് എക്കണോമിക് കോഓപ്പറേഷൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerjasama_Ekonomi_Asia-Pasifik" title="Kerjasama Ekonomi Asia-Pasifik – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kerjasama Ekonomi Asia-Pasifik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0" title="Ази Номхон далайн эдийн засгийн хамтын ажиллагаа – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Ази Номхон далайн эдийн засгийн хамтын ажиллагаа" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA" title="အေးပက် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အေးပက်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation" title="Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE-%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97" title="एसिया-प्रशान्त आर्थिक सहयोग – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="एसिया-प्रशान्त आर्थिक सहयोग" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B8%E3%82%A2%E5%A4%AA%E5%B9%B3%E6%B4%8B%E7%B5%8C%E6%B8%88%E5%8D%94%E5%8A%9B" title="アジア太平洋経済協力 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アジア太平洋経済協力" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/APEC" title="APEC – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="APEC" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osiyo-Tinch_okeani_iqtisodiy_hamkorlik_tashkiloti" title="Osiyo-Tinch okeani iqtisodiy hamkorlik tashkiloti – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Osiyo-Tinch okeani iqtisodiy hamkorlik tashkiloti" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%8F%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86-%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95_%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE" title="ਏਸ਼ੀਆ-ਪੈਸੀਫਿਕ ਆਰਥਿਕ ਸਹਿਕਾਰਤਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਏਸ਼ੀਆ-ਪੈਸੀਫਿਕ ਆਰਥਿਕ ਸਹਿਕਾਰਤਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%85%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%85%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%A0%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%8A%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8B%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%85%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%85%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8-%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%89%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%A0%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%80" title="កិច្ចសហប្រតិបត្តិការសេដ្ឋកិច្ចអាស៊ី-ប៉ាស៊ីហ្វិក – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="កិច្ចសហប្រតិបត្តិការសេដ្ឋកិច្ចអាស៊ី-ប៉ាស៊ីហ្វិក" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/APEC" title="APEC – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="APEC" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coopera%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Econ%C3%B4mica_%C3%81sia-Pac%C3%ADfico" title="Cooperação Econômica Ásia-Pacífico – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cooperação Econômica Ásia-Pacífico" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooperarea_Economic%C4%83_Asia-Pacific" title="Cooperarea Economică Asia-Pacific – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cooperarea Economică Asia-Pacific" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Азиатско-Тихоокеанское экономическое сотрудничество – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Азиатско-Тихоокеанское экономическое сотрудничество" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bashk%C3%ABpunimi_Ekonomik_Azi-Paq%C3%ABsor" title="Bashkëpunimi Ekonomik Azi-Paqësor – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Bashkëpunimi Ekonomik Azi-Paqësor" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81zijsko-tichomorsk%C3%A1_hospod%C3%A1rska_spolupr%C3%A1ca" title="Ázijsko-tichomorská hospodárska spolupráca – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ázijsko-tichomorská hospodárska spolupráca" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azijsko-pacifi%C5%A1ko_gospodarsko_sodelovanje" title="Azijsko-pacifiško gospodarsko sodelovanje – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Azijsko-pacifiško gospodarsko sodelovanje" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azijsko-pacifi%C4%8Dka_ekonomska_saradnja" title="Azijsko-pacifička ekonomska saradnja – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Azijsko-pacifička ekonomska saradnja" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/APEC" title="APEC – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="APEC" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaw%C3%A9_Bareng_%C3%89konomi_Asia_Pasifik" title="Gawé Bareng Ékonomi Asia Pasifik – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Gawé Bareng Ékonomi Asia Pasifik" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aasian_ja_Tyynenmeren_maiden_talousj%C3%A4rjest%C3%B6" title="Aasian ja Tyynenmeren maiden talousjärjestö – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Aasian ja Tyynenmeren maiden talousjärjestö" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation" title="Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekonomikong_Kooperasyon_sa_Asya-Pasipiko" title="Ekonomikong Kooperasyon sa Asya-Pasipiko – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ekonomikong Kooperasyon sa Asya-Pasipiko" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF-%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81" title="ஆசிய-பசிபிக் பொருளாதாரக் கூட்டமைப்பு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஆசிய-பசிபிக் பொருளாதாரக் கூட்டமைப்பு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D0%A2%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%8A%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BC%D3%99%D1%82%D1%82%D3%99%D1%88%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5" title="Азия-Тын океан икътисади хезмәттәшлеге – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Азия-Тын океан икътисади хезмәттәшлеге" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE-%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AB%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%82" title="ఆసియా-పసిఫిక్ ఆర్థిక సహకారం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఆసియా-పసిఫిక్ ఆర్థిక సహకారం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%88%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2-%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" title="ความร่วมมือทางเศรษฐกิจเอเชีย-แปซิฟิก – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ความร่วมมือทางเศรษฐกิจเอเชีย-แปซิฟิก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asya-Pasifik_Ekonomik_%C4%B0%C5%9Fbirli%C4%9Fi" title="Asya-Pasifik Ekonomik İşbirliği – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Asya-Pasifik Ekonomik İşbirliği" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Азійсько-Тихоокеанське економічне співробітництво – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Азійсько-Тихоокеанське економічне співробітництво" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%A7%DB%81%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86" title="ایشیا بحرالکاہل اقتصادی تعاون – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ایشیا بحرالکاہل اقتصادی تعاون" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%89%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%AA%DB%90%D9%86%DA%86_%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A6%D9%89%D9%82%D8%AA%D9%89%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%89%D9%8A_%DA%BE%DB%95%D9%85%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%89%D9%82_%D8%AA%DB%95%D8%B4%D9%83%D9%89%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%89" title="ئاسىيا تېنچ ئوكيان ئىقتىسادىي ھەمكارلىق تەشكىلاتى – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئاسىيا تېنچ ئوكيان ئىقتىسادىي ھەمكارلىق تەشكىلاتى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Di%E1%BB%85n_%C4%91%C3%A0n_H%E1%BB%A3p_t%C3%A1c_Kinh_t%E1%BA%BF_ch%C3%A2u_%C3%81_-_Th%C3%A1i_B%C3%ACnh_D%C6%B0%C6%A1ng" title="Diễn đàn Hợp tác Kinh tế châu Á - Thái Bình Dương – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Diễn đàn Hợp tác Kinh tế châu Á - Thái Bình Dương" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E6%B4%B2%E5%A4%AA%E5%B9%B3%E6%B4%8B%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E6%9C%83" title="亞洲太平洋經濟合作會 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="亞洲太平洋經濟合作會" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2%E5%A4%AA%E5%B9%B3%E6%B4%8B%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="亚洲太平洋经济合作组织 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="亚洲太平洋经济合作组织" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E6%B4%B2%E5%A4%AA%E5%B9%B3%E6%B4%8B%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="亞洲太平洋經濟合作組織 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="亞洲太平洋經濟合作組織" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%AA%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="亚太经济合作组织 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="亚太经济合作组织" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 22 February 2025, at 09:54 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li 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