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<header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Přepnout obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Přepnout obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Populační politika</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Přejděte k článku v jiném jazyce. Je dostupný v 22 jazycích" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 jazyků</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%B7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A" title="التخطيط السكاني – arabština" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="التخطيط السكاني" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demoqrafik_siyas%C9%99t" title="Demoqrafik siyasət – ázerbájdžánština" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Demoqrafik siyasət" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ázerbájdžánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bev%C3%B6lkerungspolitik" title="Bevölkerungspolitik – němčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bevölkerungspolitik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="němčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_population_planning" title="Human population planning – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Human population planning" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rahvastikupoliitika" title="Rahvastikupoliitika – estonština" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rahvastikupoliitika" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="برنامه‌ریزی جمعیت انسانی – perština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="برنامه‌ریزی جمعیت انسانی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9gulation_des_naissances" title="Régulation des naissances – francouzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Régulation des naissances" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francouzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BA%D5%B8%D5%B2%D5%B8%D5%BE%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%A3%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D6%84%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%A1%D6%84%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Ժողովրդագրական քաղաքականություն – arménština" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ժողովրդագրական քաղաքականություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perencanaan_populasi_manusia" title="Perencanaan populasi manusia – indonéština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Perencanaan populasi manusia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonéština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politica_demografica" title="Politica demografica – italština" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Politica demografica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%8F%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Демографиялық саясат – kazaština" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Демографиялық саясат" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%8F%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Демографиялык саясат – kyrgyzština" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Демографиялык саясат" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kyrgyzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polityka_demograficzna" title="Polityka demograficzna – polština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Polityka demograficzna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A_%D9%86%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B3_%D9%BE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AC%D9%88%DA%93%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87" title="د انساني نفوس پلان جوړونه – paštština" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د انساني نفوس پلان جوړونه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paštština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Controle_populacional" title="Controle populacional – portugalština" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Controle populacional" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Демографическая политика – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Демографическая политика" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_population_planning" title="Human population planning – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Human population planning" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Befolkningspolitik" title="Befolkningspolitik – švédština" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Befolkningspolitik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Демографічна політика – ukrajinština" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Демографічна політика" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%81_%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="انسانی آبادی منصوبہ بندی – urdština" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="انسانی آبادی منصوبہ بندی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demografik_siyosat" title="Demografik siyosat – uzbečtina" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Demografik siyosat" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E8%A7%84%E5%88%92%E5%AD%A6" title="人口规划学 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="人口规划学" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q579873#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editovat 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Z Wikipedie, otevřené encyklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="cs" dir="ltr"><p><b>Populační politika </b> (z <a href="/wiki/Latina" title="Latina">latiny</a>: <i>populus = lid</i>) je souhrn schémat, teorií a praktických postupů <a href="/wiki/St%C3%A1t" title="Stát">státu</a>, kterými se snaží cíleně ovlivňovat množství <a href="/wiki/Populace" title="Populace">populace</a>. Populační politika je součástí celé politiky státu. Není přímo součástí <a href="/wiki/Demografie" title="Demografie">demografie</a>, spíše spadá do demografické praxe. Jedná se o přijímání právních norem s cílem ovlivnit demografický vývoj. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dělení"><span id="D.C4.9Blen.C3.AD"></span>Dělení</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Popula%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_politika&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editace sekce: Dělení" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Popula%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_politika&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Dělení"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Populační politika</b> se větví do několika základních přístupů: </p> <ul><li><i><b>kvantitativní</b></i> (početní) – sleduje početní vývoj obyvatelstva. S ohledem na své cíle může dále být: <ul><li><i><b>pronatalitní</b></i>, která podporuje růst porodnosti (<a href="/wiki/Porodnost" title="Porodnost">natalitu</a>). V současnosti je aplikována zejména ve vyspělých státech světa, kde je přirozený přírůstek nízký a průměrný věk obyvatelstva se zvyšuje.</li> <li><i><b>protinatalitní</b></i>, která podporuje snižování míry porodnosti. Je aplikována vládami zejména v rozvojových zemích tzv. <a href="/wiki/T%C5%99et%C3%AD_sv%C4%9Bt" title="Třetí svět">třetího světa</a>, kde je přírůstek obyvatelstva vyšší. Velmi tvrdými protinatalitními opatřeními se v 80. letech <a href="/wiki/20._stolet%C3%AD" title="20. století">20. století</a> prezentovala např. <a href="/wiki/%C4%8C%C3%ADna" title="Čína">Čína</a>, kde byla uplatňována tzv. <a href="/wiki/Politika_jednoho_d%C3%ADt%C4%9Bte" title="Politika jednoho dítěte">politika jednoho dítěte</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><i><b>migrační</b></i> – sleduje vývoj v <a href="/wiki/Lidsk%C3%A1_migrace" title="Lidská migrace">migraci</a> (imigrace/emigrace) obyvatelstva, kterou lze státními zásahy ovlivňovat. Tato politika je zdrojem růstu především ve vyspělých zemích s pozitivním postojem populace k imigraci, např. USA, Kanada, Austrálie a Singapur.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Související_články"><span id="Souvisej.C3.ADc.C3.AD_.C4.8Dl.C3.A1nky"></span>Související články</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Popula%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_politika&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editace sekce: Související články" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Popula%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_politika&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Související články"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S%C4%8D%C3%ADt%C3%A1n%C3%AD_lidu" title="Sčítání lidu">Sčítání lidu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kontrola_porodnosti" title="Kontrola porodnosti">Kontrola porodnosti</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatura">Literatura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Popula%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_politika&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editace sekce: Literatura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Popula%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_politika&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Literatura"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal;">ŽALOUDEK, Karel. <i>Encyklopedie politiky</i>. Praha: Libri, 1999. <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Zdroje_knih/80-85983-75-3" title="Speciální:Zdroje knih/80-85983-75-3"><span class="ISBN">80-85983-75-3</span></a></span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitacemonografie&rft.btitle=Encyklopedie+politiky&rft.isbn=80-85983-75-3&rft.aulast=%C5%BDaloudek&rft.aufirst=Karel&rft.place=Praha&rft.pub=Libri&rft.date=1999"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal;"> <i>From population control to reproductive rights: feminist fault lines</i> [online]. Reproductive Health Matters Volume 3, Issue 6, November 1995. Taylor & Francis. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ia601403.us.archive.org/4/items/from-population-control-to-reproductive-rights-feminist-fault-lines/From%20population%20control%20to%20reproductive%20rights%20feminist%20fault%20lines.pdf">Dostupné online</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelmonografie&rft.btitle=From+population+control+to+reproductive+rights%3A+feminist+fault+lines&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fia601403.us.archive.org%2F4%2Fitems%2Ffrom-population-control-to-reproductive-rights-feminist-fault-lines%2FFrom%2520population%2520control%2520to%2520reproductive%2520rights%2520feminist%2520fault%2520lines.pdf&rft.pub=Reproductive+Health+Matters+Volume+3%2C+Issue+6%2C+November+1995.+Taylor+%26+Francis"><span style="display:none"> </span></span><span title="Chyba v použití šablony!" class="error" style="font-weight:bold;display:none;">Je zde použita šablona <code>{{<a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ablona:Cite_web" title="Šablona:Cite web">Cite web</a>}}</code> označená jako k „pouze dočasnému použití“.</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externí_odkazy"><span id="Extern.C3.AD_odkazy"></span>Externí odkazy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Popula%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_politika&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editace sekce: Externí odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Popula%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_politika&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Externí odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal;"> <i>A chat with Tim Flannery, senior research scientist, on Population Control</i> [online]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100113095438/http://www.abc.net.au/quantum/info/q95-19-5.htm">Dostupné v archivu</a> pořízeném z <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abc.net.au/quantum/info/q95-19-5.htm">originálu</a> dne 2010-01-13.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelmonografie&rft.btitle=A+chat+with+Tim+Flannery%2C+senior+research+scientist%2C+on+Population+Control&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fquantum%2Finfo%2Fq95-19-5.htm"><span style="display:none"> </span></span><span title="Chyba v použití šablony!" class="error" style="font-weight:bold;display:none;">Je zde použita šablona <code>{{<a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ablona:Cite_web" title="Šablona:Cite web">Cite web</a>}}</code> označená jako k „pouze dočasnému použití“.</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cepin.cz/cze/prednaska.php?ID=495">Kocourková, J.: Má populační politika v České republice perspektivu?, 8.5.2005</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090307055309/http://www.planovanirodiny.cz/view.php?cisloclanku=2008100902">Bartoňová, D.: Populační politika</a></li></ul> <table class="plainlinks metadata noprint pahyl" cellpadding="2" style="background: transparent;"> <tbody><tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pahýl"><img alt="Pahýl" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/60px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/80px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a><figcaption>Pahýl</figcaption></figure> </td> <td><i>Tento článek je příliš stručný nebo <a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Pah%C3%BDl" title="Wikipedie:Pahýl">postrádá důležité informace</a>.<br />Pomozte Wikipedii tím, že jej vhodně <a class="external text" href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Popula%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_politika&action=edit">rozšíříte</a>. 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