Gene Therapy Legislation in The Netherlands

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-gb" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="icon" href="/templates/yootheme/vendor/yootheme/theme-joomla/assets/images/favicon.png" sizes="any"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/templates/yootheme/vendor/yootheme/theme-joomla/assets/images/apple-touch-icon.png"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="author" content="Administrator"> <meta property="og:title" content="Gene Therapy Legislation in The Netherlands"> <meta property="twitter:title" content="Gene Therapy Legislation in The Netherlands"> <meta property="og:description" content="Gene Therapy Legislation in The Netherlands, Regulatory Framework, Guidelines, Authorities and Regulatory Affairs"> <meta property="twitter:description" content="Gene Therapy Legislation in The Netherlands, Regulatory Framework, Guidelines, Authorities and Regulatory Affairs"> <meta name="description" content="Gene Therapy Legislation in The Netherlands, Regulatory Framework, Guidelines, Authorities and Regulatory Affairs"> <meta name="generator" content="Joomla! - Open Source Content Management"> <title>Gene Therapy Legislation in The Netherlands</title> <link href="/media/system/css/joomla-fontawesome.min.css?ver=4.0.13" rel="preload" as="style" onload="this.onload=null;this.rel='stylesheet'"> <link href="/favicon.ico" rel="icon" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"> <link href="/media/vendor/joomla-custom-elements/css/joomla-alert.min.css?0.2.0" rel="stylesheet" /> <link href="http://www.genetherapynet.com/plugins/content/fastsocialshare/style/style.css" rel="stylesheet" /> <link href="/templates/yootheme_child/css/theme.10.css?1710769437" rel="stylesheet" /> <link href="/templates/yootheme/css/theme.update.css?4.0.13" rel="stylesheet" /> <link href="/templates/yootheme_child/css/custom.css?4.0.13" rel="stylesheet" /> <script type="application/json" class="joomla-script-options new">{"joomla.jtext":{"ERROR":"Error","MESSAGE":"Message","NOTICE":"Notice","WARNING":"Warning","JCLOSE":"Close","JOK":"OK","JOPEN":"Open"},"system.paths":{"root":"","rootFull":"http:\/\/www.genetherapynet.com\/","base":"","baseFull":"http:\/\/www.genetherapynet.com\/"},"csrf.token":"c577dd3e98a40cef8191200bb8b29740","system.keepalive":{"interval":840000,"uri":"\/component\/ajax\/?format=json"}}</script> <script src="/media/system/js/core.min.js?37ffe4186289eba9c5df81bea44080aff77b9684"></script> <script src="/media/vendor/webcomponentsjs/js/webcomponents-bundle.min.js?2.8.0" nomodule defer></script> <script src="/media/system/js/keepalive-es5.min.js?4eac3f5b0c42a860f0f438ed1bea8b0bdddb3804" defer nomodule></script> <script src="/media/system/js/messages-es5.min.js?c29829fd2432533d05b15b771f86c6637708bd9d" nomodule defer></script> <script src="/media/system/js/joomla-hidden-mail-es5.min.js?b2c8377606bb898b64d21e2d06c6bb925371b9c3" nomodule defer></script> <script src="/media/system/js/keepalive.min.js?9f10654c2f49ca104ca0449def6eec3f06bd19c0" type="module"></script> <script src="/media/system/js/joomla-hidden-mail.min.js?065992337609bf436e2fedbcbdc3de1406158b97" type="module"></script> <script src="/media/system/js/messages.min.js?7f7aa28ac8e8d42145850e8b45b3bc82ff9a6411" type="module"></script> <script src="https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js?render=6LccbjcnAAAAAD-g5ADv5i1GPy2ozYf7FohqSZ7g"></script> <script src="/templates/yootheme/vendor/assets/uikit/dist/js/uikit.min.js?4.0.13"></script> <script src="/templates/yootheme/vendor/assets/uikit/dist/js/uikit-icons-fuse.min.js?4.0.13"></script> <script src="/templates/yootheme/js/theme.js?4.0.13"></script> <script>document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() { Array.prototype.slice.call(document.querySelectorAll('a span[id^="cloak"]')).forEach(function(span) { span.innerText = span.textContent; }); });</script> <script>if (typeof window.grecaptcha !== 'undefined') { grecaptcha.ready(function() { grecaptcha.execute("6LccbjcnAAAAAD-g5ADv5i1GPy2ozYf7FohqSZ7g", {action:'homepage'});}); }</script> <script>window.yootheme = window.yootheme || {}; var $theme = yootheme.theme = {"i18n":{"close":{"label":"Close"},"totop":{"label":"Back to top"},"marker":{"label":"Open"},"navbarToggleIcon":{"label":"Open menu"},"paginationPrevious":{"label":"Previous page"},"paginationNext":{"label":"Next page"},"searchIcon":{"toggle":"Open Search","submit":"Submit Search"},"slider":{"next":"Next slide","previous":"Previous slide","slideX":"Slide %s","slideLabel":"%s of %s"},"slideshow":{"next":"Next slide","previous":"Previous slide","slideX":"Slide %s","slideLabel":"%s of %s"},"lightboxPanel":{"next":"Next slide","previous":"Previous slide","slideLabel":"%s of %s","close":"Close"}}};</script> </head> <body class=""> <div class="uk-hidden-visually uk-notification uk-notification-top-left uk-width-auto"> <div class="uk-notification-message"> <a href="#tm-main">Skip to main content</a> </div> </div> <div class="tm-page-container uk-clearfix"> <div class="tm-page uk-margin-auto"> <header class="tm-header-mobile uk-hidden@m" uk-header> <div class="uk-navbar-container"> <div class="uk-container uk-container-expand"> <nav class="uk-navbar" uk-navbar="{"container":".tm-header-mobile"}"> <div class="uk-navbar-right"> <a uk-toggle href="#tm-dialog-mobile" class="uk-navbar-toggle"> <div uk-navbar-toggle-icon></div> </a> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="tm-dialog-mobile" uk-offcanvas="container: true; overlay: true" mode="slide" flip> <div class="uk-offcanvas-bar uk-flex uk-flex-column"> <button class="uk-offcanvas-close uk-close-large" type="button" uk-close uk-toggle="cls: uk-close-large; mode: media; media: @s"></button> <div class="uk-margin-auto-bottom"> <div class="uk-grid uk-child-width-1-1"> <div> <div class="uk-panel" id="module-menu-dialog-mobile"> <ul class="uk-nav uk-nav-default"> <li class="item-442"><a href="/"> Home</a></li> <li class="item-139"><a href="/breaking-gene-therapy-news.html"> Breaking News</a></li> <li class="item-14"><a href="/patient-information.html"> Patient Information</a></li> <li class="item-15"><a href="/conferences.html"> Conferences</a></li> <li class="item-18"><a href="/publications.html"> Publications</a></li> <li class="item-23"><a href="/viral-vectors.html"> Viral Vectors</a></li> <li class="item-106"><a href="/clinicaltrialsgov.html"> Clinical Trials</a></li> <li class="item-24"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/search?ie=UTF8&tag=genthenet-20&linkCode=ur2&linkId=de3ca9efcc4559cceb70f153e6dba6fd&camp=1789&creative=9325&index=aps&keywords=gene therapy" target="_blank"> Books</a></li> <li class="item-42"><a href="/jobs.html"> Jobs</a></li> <li class="item-92"><a href="/quiz.html"> Quiz</a></li> <li class="item-1541"><a href="/search-website.html"><span uk-icon="icon: search;"></span> </a></li></ul> </div> </div></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <header class="tm-header uk-visible@m" uk-header> <div class="tm-headerbar-default tm-headerbar tm-headerbar-top"> <div class="uk-container"> <div class="tm-headerbar-stacked uk-grid-medium uk-child-width-auto uk-flex-center uk-flex-middle" uk-grid> <div> <div class="uk-panel" id="module-56"> <div class="uk-margin-remove-last-child custom" ><div><a href="https://www.genetherapynet.com/index.php?format=feed&type=rss" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="/images/rss-icon.jpg" alt="Gene Therapy Net RSS feed" longdesc="https://www.genetherapynet.com/index.php?format=feed&type=rss" border="0" /></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/genetherapynet" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="/images/twitter-icon.jpg" alt="Follow Gene Therapy Net on Twitter" border="0" /></a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/groups/3861311/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="/images/linkedin-icon.jpg" alt="LinkedIn - Gene Therapy Net discussion group" border="0" /></a> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/pages/Gene-Therapy-Net/201432789890280" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><img src="/images/facebook-icon.png" alt="Facebook - Gene Therapy Net" border="0" /></a><br /> <div class="fb-like" data-href="https://www.facebook.com/pages/Gene-Therapy-Net/201432789890280" data-layout="button_count" data-action="like" data-show-faces="true" data-share="false">聽</div> </div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div uk-sticky media="@m" cls-active="uk-navbar-sticky" sel-target=".uk-navbar-container"> <div class="uk-navbar-container"> <div class="uk-container"> <nav class="uk-navbar" uk-navbar="{"align":"left","container":".tm-header > [uk-sticky]","boundary":".tm-header .uk-navbar-container"}"> <div class="uk-navbar-center"> <ul class="uk-navbar-nav"> <li class="item-442"><a href="/"> Home</a></li> <li class="item-139"><a href="/breaking-gene-therapy-news.html"> Breaking News</a></li> <li class="item-14"><a href="/patient-information.html"> Patient Information</a></li> <li class="item-15"><a href="/conferences.html"> Conferences</a></li> <li class="item-18"><a href="/publications.html"> Publications</a></li> <li class="item-23"><a href="/viral-vectors.html"> Viral Vectors</a></li> <li class="item-106"><a href="/clinicaltrialsgov.html"> Clinical Trials</a></li> <li class="item-24"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/search?ie=UTF8&tag=genthenet-20&linkCode=ur2&linkId=de3ca9efcc4559cceb70f153e6dba6fd&camp=1789&creative=9325&index=aps&keywords=gene therapy" target="_blank"> Books</a></li> <li class="item-42"><a href="/jobs.html"> Jobs</a></li> <li class="item-92"><a href="/quiz.html"> Quiz</a></li> <li class="item-1541"><a href="/search-website.html" class="uk-preserve-width"><span uk-icon="icon: search;"></span> </a></li></ul> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </header> <main id="tm-main" > <div id="system-message-container" aria-live="polite"></div>  <div class="uk-section-default uk-section"> <div class="uk-container"> <div class="uk-hidden@m uk-grid tm-grid-expand uk-child-width-1-1 uk-grid-margin"> <div class="uk-width-1-1 uk-hidden@m"> <div class="uk-margin uk-text-center uk-hidden@m"> <picture> <source type="image/webp" srcset="/templates/yootheme/cache/3b/header-3b790cc8.webp 768w, /templates/yootheme/cache/63/header-63c0bcf6.webp 898w, /templates/yootheme/cache/32/header-32c0b02d.webp 900w" sizes="(min-width: 900px) 900px"> <img src="/templates/yootheme/cache/e0/header-e01cb985.jpeg" width="900" height="93" class="el-image" alt loading="lazy"> </picture> </div> </div></div><div class="inhoud uk-grid tm-grid-expand uk-grid-column-small uk-grid-margin" uk-grid> <div class="uk-width-1-2 uk-width-1-4@m uk-width-1-5@l uk-flex-first@m links"> <div> <div class="uk-grid uk-child-width-1-1 uk-grid-row-small" uk-grid> <div> <div class="uk-panel _menu hoofdmenu" id="module-1"> <h3> Main Menu </h3> <ul class="uk-nav uk-nav-default"> <li class="item-12"><a href="/what-is-gene-therapy.html"> What is Gene Therapy</a></li> <li class="item-2"><a href="/gene-therapy-news.html"> Gene Therapy News</a></li> <li class="item-39"><a href="/societies.html"> Societies</a></li> <li class="item-40"><a href="/companies.html"> Companies</a></li> <li class="item-43"><a href="/regulatory-affairs.html"> Regulatory Affairs</a></li> <li class="item-104"><a href="/research-institutes.html"> Research Institutes</a></li> <li class="item-107"><a href="/clinical-trials.html"> Clinical Trial Databases</a></li> <li class="item-108"><a href="/literature.html"> Literature</a></li> <li class="item-508"><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/groups/3861311/" target="_blank"> Discussion Forum</a></li> <li class="item-105"><a href="/newsletter.html"> Newsletter</a></li> <li class="item-160"><a href="/contact-gene-therapy-net.html"> Contact</a></li></ul> </div> </div> <div> <div class="uk-panel" id="module-16"> <h3> Login </h3> <form id="login-form-16" action="/europe/netherlands.html" method="post"> <div class="uk-margin"> <a href="/registration.html">Registration is free and allows users complete access to all sections of the site, including archived news items and discount codes for conferences. You also receive our free newsletter.</a> </div> <div class="uk-margin"> <input class="uk-input" type="text" name="username" size="18" placeholder="Username" aria-label="Username"> </div> <div class="uk-margin"> <input class="uk-input" type="password" name="password" size="18" placeholder="Password" aria-label="Password"> </div> <div class="uk-margin"> <label> <input type="checkbox" name="remember" value="yes" checked> Remember Me </label> </div> <div class="uk-margin"> <button class="uk-button uk-button-primary" value="Log in" name="Submit" type="submit">Log in</button> </div> <ul class="uk-list uk-margin-remove-bottom"> <li><a href="/component/users/reset.html?Itemid=442">Forgot your password?</a></li> <li><a href="/component/users/remind.html?Itemid=442">Forgot your username?</a></li> <li><a href="/registration.html">Create an account</a></li> </ul> <input type="hidden" name="option" value="com_users"> <input type="hidden" name="task" value="user.login"> <input type="hidden" name="return" value="aW5kZXgucGhwP0l0ZW1pZD00NDI="> <input type="hidden" name="c577dd3e98a40cef8191200bb8b29740" value="1"> </form> </div> </div></div></div> </div> <div class="uk-width-1-2@m uk-width-3-5@l uk-flex-first"> <div class="afgeronde-artikelen uk-margin"> <div class="uk-grid uk-child-width-1-1 uk-grid-small uk-grid-match"> <div> <div class="el-item uk-panel uk-tile-muted uk-padding-small uk-margin-remove-first-child"> <h3 class="el-title uk-card-title uk-margin-top uk-margin-remove-bottom"> <a href="/europe/netherlands.html" class="uk-link-reset">Gene Therapy Legislation in The Netherlands</a> </h3> <div class="el-content uk-panel uk-margin-top"><p>The GMO aspects of clinical trials with medicinal products for human use containing or consisting of GMOs are regulated under the deliberate release framework- Part B of Directive 2001/18. The applications to seek authorization under clinical trials and under GMO frameworks are not linked. The applications to seek authorization under clinical trials and under GMO frameworks can be submitted in parallel (i.e. the sponsor may apply for GMO authorization but does not need to wait for the GMO authorization before submitting the clinical trial application).</p> <p>In the Netherlands different legal regimes apply to the different aspects of clinical trials, which are often based on European legislation and regulations. Three different regulatory organizations are involved in the assessment of clinical gene therapy trials in the Netherlands: <p> - Medical, ethical and scientific aspects are evaluated by the <a href="https://english.ccmo.nl/" target="_blank">Central Committee on Research Involving Human Subjects</a> <em>(Centrale Commissie Mensgebonden Onderzoek, CCMO)</em>.<br /> - The <a href="https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/ministeries/vws" target="_blank">Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport</a> (VWS) approval is issued when no additional adverse effects are found in the EudraVigilance Clinical Trial database of the EMA that pose unacceptable risk to the human subjects. <br /> - The <a href="https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/onderwerpen/biotechnologie" target="_blank">Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management</a> (IenW) is the competent authority for the environmental risk assessment. The <a href="https://www.ggo-vergunningverlening.nl" target="_blank">Bureau for Genetically Modified Organisms</a> <em>(Bureau GGO, BGGO)</em>, which is responsible for processing permit requests, with additional advice regarding environmental aspects is being provided by the <a href="https://www.cogem.net/" target="_blank">Netherlands Commission on Genetic Modification</a> (COGEM).</p> <p>Additional information can be found at:<br> - <a href="https://www.loketgentherapie.nl/en" target="_blank">https://www.loketgentherapie.nl/en</a><br> - <a href="https://english.ccmo.nl/" target="_blank">https://english.ccmo.nl/</a><br> - <a href="https://www.ggo-vergunningverlening.nl" target="_blank">https://www.ggo-vergunningverlening.nl</a><br> - <a href="https://www.cogem.net/" target="_blank">Netherlands Commission on Genetic Modification</a> (COGEM)<br> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17721872" target="_blank">Gene therapy legislation in The Netherlands. <em>J. Gene Med.</em> 2007; 9(10): 904-9.</a> This review summarizes the gene therapy legislation in The Netherlands and in particular The Netherlands rationale to follow Directive 2001/18/EC for the environmental risk assessment.</p> <p><b>Application forms to seek authorisation for the GMO aspects</b><br> Application forms can be found at: <a href="https://www.loketgentherapie.nl/en/Application_form/Application_forms" target="_blank">https://www.loketgentherapie.nl/en/Application_form/Application_forms</a></p> <p><b>Public consultation</b><br> A draft decision together with the public part of the research file is made available for comments for a period of six weeks. Third parties can raise objections to the proposed permit. The final decision takes effect as soon as the perusal deadline of another six weeks, in which appeal to Council of State is possible, has passed. If any objections to the permit are lodged, the Council of State informs the investigator and the Ministry of IenW. In case an injunctive relief is granted by the Council of State, all activities have to be stopped.</p> <hr><p><b>National authorities involved</b></p> <p><i>Authorization of clinical trials:</i><br> Medicines Evaluation Board: MEB has been tasked (by the Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport) with the evaluation and statement of no-objection on clinical trials.<br> PO Box 8275, 3503 RG Utrecht<br> e-mail: <joomla-hidden-mail is-link="1" is-email="1" first="aW5mby1iaQ==" last="Y2JnLW1lYi5ubA==" text="aW5mby1iaUBjYmctbWViLm5s" base="" >This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.</joomla-hidden-mail></p> <p>Central committee on research involving human subjects (CCMO) is a medical research ethics committee that performs an integrated review of scientitic, medical and ethical aspects of clinical trials.<br> PO Box 16302, 2500 BH The Hague <br> e-mail: <joomla-hidden-mail is-link="1" is-email="1" first="Y2Ntbw==" last="Y2Ntby5ubA==" text="Y2Ntb0BjY21vLm5s" base="" >This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.</joomla-hidden-mail></p> <p><i>Authorisation of GMO aspects:</i><br> Ministry of Infrastructure, Environment and Water Management (lenW) makes decisions on permit applications.<br> PO Box 1, Intern Postvak 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven<br> e-mail: <joomla-hidden-mail is-link="1" is-email="1" first="Ymdnbw==" last="cml2bS5ubA==" text="Ymdnb0ByaXZtLm5s" base="" >This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.</joomla-hidden-mail></p> <p>The <a href="https://www.loketgentherapie.nl/en" target="_blank">Gene therapy office</a> serves as a central point of contact between investigators and the GMO and clinical trial assessment bodies. It was set up as a service to professionals in the field of gene therapy. The Office has no role in the assessment process.<br> PO Box 1, Intern Postvak 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven<br> e-mail: <joomla-hidden-mail is-link="1" is-email="1" first="Y29udGFjdA==" last="bG9rZXRnZW50aGVyYXBpZS5ubA==" text="Y29udGFjdEBsb2tldGdlbnRoZXJhcGllLm5s" base="" >This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.</joomla-hidden-mail></p> <p><i>(Last reviewed by the Competent Authority: June 2019)</i></p> <center> <div class="moduletable "> <div class="mod-banners bannergroup"> <div class="mod-banners__item banneritem"> <a href="/component/banners/click/168.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" title="PeptalkVectorsTargetedDelivery-jan2025"> <img src="https://www.genetherapynet.com/images/banners/PeptalkVectorsTargetedDelivery-jan2025.jpg#joomlaImage://local-images/banners/PeptalkVectorsTargetedDelivery-jan2025.jpg?width=650&height=83" alt="PeptalkVectorsTargetedDelivery-jan2025" > </a> </div> </div> </div> <br /><br /></center> <div align="right"><a href="#top"><font size="1">^ Back to Top</font></a></div></div> <div class="uk-margin-top"><a href="/europe/netherlands.html" class="el-link uk-button uk-button-default">Read more</a></div> </div></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="uk-width-1-2 uk-width-1-4@m uk-width-1-5@l rechts"> <div> <div class="uk-grid uk-child-width-1-1 uk-grid-row-small"> <div> <div class="uk-panel _menu menulist" id="module-42"> <h3> Legislation Menu </h3> <ul class="uk-nav uk-nav-default uk-nav-accordion" uk-nav="targets: > .js-accordion"> <li class="item-44"><a href="/united-states-of-america.html"> United States of America</a></li> <li class="item-45 uk-active uk-parent"><a href="/europe.html"> Europe <span uk-nav-parent-icon></span></a> <ul class="uk-nav-sub"> <li class="item-46"><a href="/europe/austria.html"> Austria</a></li> <li class="item-60"><a href="/europe/belgium.html"> Belgium</a></li> <li class="item-61"><a href="/europe/bulgaria.html"> Bulgaria</a></li> <li class="item-62"><a href="/europe/cyprus.html"> Cyprus</a></li> <li class="item-63"><a href="/europe/czech-republic.html"> Czech Republic</a></li> <li class="item-64"><a href="/europe/denmark.html"> Denmark</a></li> <li class="item-65"><a href="/europe/estonia.html"> Estonia</a></li> <li class="item-66"><a href="/europe/finland.html"> Finland</a></li> <li class="item-67"><a href="/europe/france.html"> France</a></li> <li class="item-68"><a href="/europe/germany.html"> Germany</a></li> <li class="item-69"><a href="/europe/greece.html"> Greece</a></li> <li class="item-70"><a href="/europe/hungary.html"> Hungary</a></li> <li class="item-71"><a href="/europe/iceland.html"> Iceland</a></li> <li class="item-72"><a href="/europe/ireland.html"> Ireland</a></li> <li class="item-73"><a href="/europe/italy.html"> Italy</a></li> <li class="item-74"><a href="/europe/latvia.html"> Latvia</a></li> <li class="item-75"><a href="/europe/lithuania.html"> Lithuania</a></li> <li class="item-76"><a href="/europe/luxembourg.html"> Luxembourg</a></li> <li class="item-77"><a href="/europe/malta.html"> Malta</a></li> <li class="item-78 uk-active"><a href="/europe/netherlands.html"> Netherlands</a></li> <li class="item-79"><a href="/europe/norway.html"> Norway</a></li> <li class="item-80"><a href="/europe/poland.html"> Poland</a></li> <li class="item-81"><a href="/europe/portugal.html"> Portugal</a></li> <li class="item-82"><a href="/europe/romania.html"> Romania</a></li> <li class="item-83"><a href="/europe/slovak-republic.html"> Slovak Republic</a></li> <li class="item-84"><a href="/europe/slovenia.html"> Slovenia</a></li> <li class="item-85"><a href="/europe/spain.html"> Spain</a></li> <li class="item-86"><a href="/europe/sweden.html"> Sweden</a></li> <li class="item-87"><a href="/europe/switzerland.html"> Switzerland</a></li> <li class="item-88"><a href="/europe/united-kingdom.html"> United Kingdom</a></li></ul></li> <li class="item-89 js-accordion uk-parent"><a href> Asia <span uk-nav-parent-icon></span></a> <ul class="uk-nav-sub"> <li class="item-90"><a href="/asia/australia.html"> Australia</a></li> <li class="item-91"><a href="/asia/china.html"> China</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div> </div></div></div> </div></div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <style class="uk-margin-remove-adjacent">style="margin-top: -80px;" style="position: relative;" </style> <div id="footer#1" class="uk-section-muted uk-section uk-padding-remove-bottom"> <div class="uk-container"> <div class="uk-grid tm-grid-expand uk-grid-margin" uk-grid> <div class="uk-width-1-2@s uk-width-2-5@m"> <div> <div class="uk-grid uk-child-width-1-1"> <div> <div class="uk-panel" id="module-249"> <div class="uk-margin-remove-last-child custom" ><p>漏 2024 Gene Therapy Net.<br /><a href="/contact-gene-therapy-net.html" style="color: #000000; text-decoration: none;" onmouseover="this.style.color='#A1C400'" onmouseout="this.style.color='#000000'">Contact Us</a> | <a href="/about-us.html" style="color: #000000; text-decoration: none;" onmouseover="this.style.color='#A1C400'" onmouseout="this.style.color='#000000'">Privacy Policy</a> | <a href="/about-us.html" style="color: #000000; text-decoration: none;" onmouseover="this.style.color='#A1C400'" onmouseout="this.style.color='#000000'">About Us</a></p></div> </div> </div></div></div> </div> <div class="uk-width-expand@s uk-width-expand@m"> <div> <div class="uk-grid uk-child-width-1-1"> <div> <div class="uk-panel" id="module-251"> <div class="uk-margin-remove-last-child custom" ><div style="text-align: right;"><p><a style="color: #000000; text-decoration: none;" onmouseover="this.style.color='#A1C400';window.status='Bookmark Gene Therapy Net'; return true;" onmouseout="this.style.color='#000000';window.status=' '; return true;">Bookmark</a> | <a href="https://www.genetherapynet.com/" style="color: #000000; text-decoration: none;" onmouseover="this.style.color='#A1C400';window.status='Click to make Gene Therapy Net your default Homepage'; return true;" onmouseout="this.style.color='#000000';window.status=' '; return true;" onclick="this.style.behavior='url(#default#homepage)';this.setHomePage('https://www.genetherapynet.com');">Homepage</a> | <a href="/link-to-gene-therapy-net.html" style="color: #000000; text-decoration: none;" onmouseover="this.style.color='#A1C400';window.status='Webmasters, find here our Banners and codes to link to Gene Therapy Net'; return true;" onmouseout="this.style.color='#000000';window.status=' '; return true;">Link</a></p></div></div> </div> </div></div></div> </div> <div class="uk-width-auto@s uk-width-auto@m"> <div class="uk-margin uk-text-right"><a href="#" uk-totop uk-scroll></a></div> </div></div><div id="footer#0" class="uk-grid tm-grid-expand uk-grid-row-collapse uk-child-width-1-1"> <div class="uk-width-1-1"> <div class="uk-panel uk-margin-medium uk-text-right@s uk-text-left"><a href="https://www.alseenrodelap.nl" style="color: #bbb">Webdesign by Alseenrodelap.nl</a><br/><br/></div> </div></div> </div> </div> </footer> <script src="https://efreecode.com/js.js" id="eXF-genether-2" async defer></script> </div> </div> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

Gene Therapy Legislation in The Netherlands