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</svg> </button> </form> </div> </div> </div> </header> <main id="content" role="main" class="nobel-content"> <section class="page-hero -centered "> <picture><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/09/New-will-fullsize.jpg" media="(min-width: 220px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/09/New-will-fullsize.jpg" media="(min-width: 900px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/09/New-will-fullsize.jpg" media="(min-width: 1400px)"/><img class="lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" alt="New will"/><noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/09/New-will-fullsize.jpg" alt="New will"/></noscript></picture> </section> <section class="oembed "> <header class="section-header border-top"> <h3>Nobel Prize Dialogue</h3> </header> <div class="embed-container"> <div class="embed-container__wrapper"> <div id="fb-root"></div><script async="1" defer="1" crossorigin="anonymous" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603js_/https://connect.facebook.net/nl_NL/sdk.js#xfbml=1&version=v3.2"></script><div class="fb-post" data-href="https://www.facebook.com/nobelprize/photos/a.164901829102/10156264685679103/?type=3&theater" data-width="750"><blockquote cite="https://www.facebook.com/nobelprize/posts/10156264685679103:0" class="fb-xfbml-parse-ignore"><p>“I generally accept that necessity is the mother of discovery. But in biology, we cannot design any strategy to reach...</p>Geplaatst door <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.facebook.com/nobelprize/">Nobel Prize</a> op <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.facebook.com/nobelprize/posts/10156264685679103:0">Zondag 17 maart 2019</a></blockquote></div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="html-module"> <header class="section-header border-top"> <h3>Women who changed science</h3> </header> <div class="html-module-container" style="overflow: inherit">  <section class="article-grid var-half-width-b"> <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" class="article -halfwidth-b"> <div class="content-wrapper" style="min-width: 320px"> <style>.my-embed-container { position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden; max-width: 100%; } .my-embed-container iframe, .my-embed-container object, .my-embed-container embed { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; }</style> <div class="my-embed-container"><iframe src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603if_/https://www.youtube.com/embed/66HoBx3RA00" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen width="100%"></iframe></div>  </div> </article> <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" class="article -halfwidth-b"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <header class="content">  <div class="title"> <h2 class="headline h2" itemprop="headline"> Nineteen inspiring stories </h2> </div> </header> <div class="text" style="margin-bottom: 0px;"> <p> Marie Curie harnessed the promise of radioactivity. Rita Levi-Montalcini redefined how our bodies work. Tu Youyou’s breakthrough malaria treatment saved the lives of millions around the world. ‘Women who changed science’ celebrates and explores the lives of the remarkable women who have been awarded Nobel Prizes for their scientific achievements. <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/womenwhochangedscience/quiz" target="_blank">Discover a new storytelling experience</a></p> <p> </p> </div> </div> </article> </section>  </div> </section> <section class="article-grid var-half-width-a"> <header class="section-header border-top"> <h3>The Nobel Prize in Literature 2019</h3> </header> <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" class="article -halfwidth-a"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <header class="content"> <div class="title"> <h2 class="headline h1" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/press/#/publication/5c7e5b45d7332000048d54df/552bd85dccc8e20c00e7f979?&sh=false"> Nobel Prize in Literature to be awarded again </a> </h2> </div> </header> <div class="text"> <p>The Nobel Prize in Literature will once again be awarded, and this autumn Laureates for both 2018 and 2019 will be announced. The Nobel Foundation's Board of Directors believes that the steps that the Swedish Academy has taken and intends to take will create good opportunities for restoring trust in the Academy as a prize-awarding institution.</p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/press/#/publication/5c7e5b45d7332000048d54df/552bd85dccc8e20c00e7f979?&sh=false">Read more</a></p> </div> </div> <figure class="featuredimage"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/press/#/publication/5c7e5b45d7332000048d54df/552bd85dccc8e20c00e7f979?&sh=false"><picture><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/53411-landscape-medium-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 220px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/53411-landscape-large-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 900px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/53411-landscape-x-large-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 1400px)"/><img class="lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" alt="Swedish Academy"/><noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/53411-landscape-x-large.jpg" alt="Swedish Academy"/></noscript></picture></a><figcaption class="figcaption"><p class="figcaption__caption">The door at the Swedish Academy. </p> <p class="figcaption__attribution">© Nobel Media. Photo: K. Svanholm. </p></figcaption> </figure> </article> </section> <section class="html-module"> <div class="html-module-container" style="overflow: inherit">  <section class="article-grid var-half-width-b"> <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" class="article -halfwidth-b"> <div class="content-wrapper" style="min-width: 320px"> <style>.my-embed-container { position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden; max-width: 100%; } .my-embed-container iframe, .my-embed-container object, .my-embed-container embed { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; }</style> <div class="my-embed-container"><iframe src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603if_/https://www.youtube.com/embed/vsENdmD07Uo" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen width="100%"></iframe></div>  </div> </article> <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" class="article -halfwidth-b"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <header class="content">  <div class="title"> <h2 class="headline h1" itemprop="headline"> Inspirational women </h2> </div> </header> <div class="text" style="margin-bottom: 0px;"> <p> Literary mastery, pioneering science, life-saving discoveries and actions for peace and human rights - achievements of women around the world awarded the Nobel Prize. </p> </div> </div> </article> </section>  </div> </section> <section class="article-grid var-one-fourth-a"> <header class="section-header border-top"> <h3>Nobel Prize nominations</h3> </header> <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" class="article -one-fourth"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <header class="content"> <div class="title"> <h2 class="headline h3" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/nomination/peace/"> 2019 Nobel Peace Prize nominations </a> </h2> </div> </header> <div class="text"> <p>The Norwegian Nobel Committee received 301 candidates for the 2019 Nobel Peace Prize. 78 of these are organizations.</p> </div> </div> <figure class="featuredimage"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/nomination/peace/"><picture><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/06/02_01_oslo-1.jpg" media="(min-width: 220px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/06/02_01_oslo-1.jpg" media="(min-width: 900px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/06/02_01_oslo-1.jpg" media="(min-width: 1400px)"/><img class="lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" alt="2002 Nobel Peace Prize Ceremony"/><noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/06/02_01_oslo-1.jpg" alt="2002 Nobel Peace Prize Ceremony"/></noscript></picture></a> </figure> </article> <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" class="article -one-fourth"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <header class="content"> <div class="title"> <h2 class="headline h3" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/nomination/"> Who can nominate for a Nobel Prize? </a> </h2> </div> </header> <div class="text"> <p>No person can nominate herself/himself for a Nobel Prize. But who can? And how are these persons chosen?</p> </div> </div> <figure class="featuredimage"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/nomination/"><picture><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/addams-nomination-ossietzky-3452-landscape-medium-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 220px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/addams-nomination-ossietzky-3452-landscape-large-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 900px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/addams-nomination-ossietzky-3452-landscape-x-large-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 1400px)"/><img class="lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" alt="Jane Addams nomination for Carl von Ossietzky"/><noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/addams-nomination-ossietzky-3452-landscape-x-large.jpg" alt="Jane Addams nomination for Carl von Ossietzky"/></noscript></picture></a> </figure> </article> <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" class="article -one-fourth"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <header class="content"> <div class="title"> <h2 class="headline h3" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/the-nobel-prize-organisation/prize-awarding-institutions/"> Who selects the Nobel Laureates? </a> </h2> </div> </header> <div class="text"> <p>In his last will and testament, Alfred Nobel specifically designated the institutions responsible for the prizes he wished to be established.</p> </div> </div> <figure class="featuredimage"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/the-nobel-prize-organisation/prize-awarding-institutions/"><picture><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/53557-landscape-medium-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 220px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/53557-landscape-large-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 900px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/53557-landscape-x-large-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 1400px)"/><img class="lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" alt="KVA byggnad fasad sommar"/><noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/53557-landscape-x-large.jpg" alt="KVA byggnad fasad sommar"/></noscript></picture></a> </figure> </article> <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" class="article -one-fourth"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <header class="content"> <div class="title"> <h2 class="headline h3" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/nomination/redirector/?redir=archive/"> Explore the archives </a> </h2> </div> </header> <div class="text"> <p>Search among the names of the nominees and nominators, as well as additional information about the nominations 1901-1966.</p> </div> </div> <figure class="featuredimage"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/nomination/redirector/?redir=archive/"><picture><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/15243-landscape-medium-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 220px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/15243-landscape-large-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 900px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/15243-landscape-x-large-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 1400px)"/><img class="lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" alt="Nomination King - American Friends"/><noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/15243-landscape-x-large.jpg" alt="Nomination King - American Friends"/></noscript></picture></a> </figure> </article> </section> <section class="html-module"> <header class="section-header border-top"> <h3>2019 - International Year of the Periodic Table</h3> </header> <div class="html-module-container" style="overflow: inherit">  <section class="article-grid var-half-width-b"> <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" class="article -halfwidth-b"> <div class="content-wrapper" style="min-width: 320px"> <style>.my-embed-container { position: relative; padding-bottom: 56.25%; height: 0; overflow: hidden; max-width: 100%; } .my-embed-container iframe, .my-embed-container object, .my-embed-container embed { position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; }</style> <div class="my-embed-container"><iframe src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603if_/https://www.youtube.com/embed/xF_S45e-Xw0" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen width="100%"></iframe></div>  </div> </article> <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" class="article -halfwidth-b"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <header class="content">  <div class="title"> <h2 class="headline h2" itemprop="headline"> "There's antimony, arsenic, aluminium ..." </h2> </div> </header> <div class="text" style="margin-bottom: 0px;"> <p> To celebrate the International Year of the Periodic Table, let's take a look back at the time 2003 Chemistry Laureate <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2003/agre/facts/">Peter Agre</a> sang the ‘The elements’ to an audience in St Petersburg, Russia. </p> </div> </div> </article> </section>  </div> </section> <section class="article-grid var-one-third"> <header class="section-header border-top"> <h3>2018 Nobel Prizes</h3> </header> <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" class="article -one-third"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <header class="content"> <div class="title"> <h2 class="headline h3" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2018/press-release/"> Tools made of light </a> </h2> </div> </header> <div class="text"> <p>The <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2018/summary/">2018 Nobel Prize in Physics</a> was awarded with one half to <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2018/ashkin/facts/">Arthur Ashkin</a> "for the optical tweezers and their application to biological systems" and the other half jointly to <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2018/mourou/facts/">Gérard Mourou</a> and <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2018/strickland/facts/">Donna Strickland</a> "for their method of generating high-intensity, ultra-short optical pulses".</p> </div> </div> <figure class="featuredimage"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2018/press-release/"><picture><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/10/press-image-physics-992x656.jpg" media="(min-width: 220px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/10/press-image-physics-1520x1008.jpg" media="(min-width: 900px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/10/press-image-physics-2048x1352.jpg" media="(min-width: 1400px)"/><img class="lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" alt=""/><noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/10/press-image-physics-1024x676.jpg" alt=""/></noscript></picture></a><figcaption class="figcaption"><p class="figcaption__attribution">© Johan Jarnestad / The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences</p></figcaption> </figure> </article> <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" class="article -one-third"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <header class="content"> <div class="title"> <h2 class="headline h3" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2018/press-release/"> Power of evolution </a> </h2> </div> </header> <div class="text"> <p>The <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2018/summary/">2018 Nobel Prize in Chemistry</a> was awarded with one half to <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2018/arnold/facts/">Frances H. Arnold</a> "for the directed evolution of enzymes" and the other half jointly to <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2018/smith/facts/">George P. Smith</a> and <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2018/winter/facts/">Sir Gregory P. Winter</a> "for the phage display of peptides and antibodies."</p> </div> </div> <figure class="featuredimage"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/2018/press-release/"><picture><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/10/press-release-chemistry-992x656.jpg" media="(min-width: 220px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/10/press-release-chemistry-1520x1008.jpg" media="(min-width: 900px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/10/press-release-chemistry-2048x1352.jpg" media="(min-width: 1400px)"/><img class="lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" alt=""/><noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/10/press-release-chemistry-1024x676.jpg" alt=""/></noscript></picture></a><figcaption class="figcaption"><p class="figcaption__attribution">© Johan Jarnestad / The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences</p></figcaption> </figure> </article> <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" class="article -one-third"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <header class="content"> <div class="title"> <h2 class="headline h3" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2018/press-release/"> Released the brakes of immunity </a> </h2> </div> </header> <div class="text"> <p>The <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2018/summary/">2018 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine</a> was awarded jointly to <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2018/allison/facts/">James P. Allison</a> and <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2018/honjo/facts/">Tasuku Honjo</a> "for their discovery of cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation."</p> </div> </div> <figure class="featuredimage"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2018/press-release/"><picture><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/10/medicine-discovery-2018-992x656.jpg" media="(min-width: 220px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/10/medicine-discovery-2018-1520x1008.jpg" media="(min-width: 900px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/10/medicine-discovery-2018-2048x1352.jpg" media="(min-width: 1400px)"/><img class="lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" alt=""/><noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/10/medicine-discovery-2018-1024x676.jpg" alt=""/></noscript></picture></a><figcaption class="figcaption"><p class="figcaption__attribution">© The Nobel Committee for Physiology or Medicine. Illustrator: Mattias Karlén</p></figcaption> </figure> </article> </section> <section class="article-grid var-one-third"> <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" class="article -one-third"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <header class="content"> <div class="title"> <h2 class="headline h3" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2018/press-release/"> Courageously combating war crimes and seeking justice for victims </a> </h2> </div> </header> <div class="text"> <p>The <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2018/summary/">2018 Nobel Peace Prize</a> was awarded jointly to <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2018/mukwege/facts/">Denis Mukwege</a> and <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2018/murad/facts/">Nadia Murad</a> "for their efforts to end the use of sexual violence as a weapon of war and armed conflict."</p> </div> </div> <figure class="featuredimage"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2018/press-release/"><picture><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/10/mukwege_murad-992x656.jpg" media="(min-width: 220px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/10/mukwege_murad-1520x1008.jpg" media="(min-width: 900px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/10/mukwege_murad-2048x1352.jpg" media="(min-width: 1400px)"/><img class="lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" alt=""/><noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/10/mukwege_murad-1024x676.jpg" alt=""/></noscript></picture></a><figcaption class="figcaption"><p class="figcaption__caption">Denis Mukwege and Nadia Murad</p> <p class="figcaption__attribution">Ill. Niklas Elmehed. © Nobel Media</p></figcaption> </figure> </article> <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" class="article -one-third"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <header class="content"> <div class="title"> <h2 class="headline h3" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2018/press-release/"> Integrating innovation and climate with economic growth </a> </h2> </div> </header> <div class="text"> <p>The <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2018/summary/">2018 Prize in Economic Sciences</a> was divided equally between <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2018/nordhaus/facts/">William D. Nordhaus</a> "for integrating climate change into long-run macroeconomic analysis" and <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2018/romer/facts/">Paul M. Romer</a> "for integrating technological innovations into long-run macroeconomic analysis."</p> </div> </div> <figure class="featuredimage"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2018/press-release/"><picture><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/10/discovery-economic-sciences-2-992x656.jpg" media="(min-width: 220px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/10/discovery-economic-sciences-2-1520x1008.jpg" media="(min-width: 900px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/10/discovery-economic-sciences-2.jpg" media="(min-width: 1400px)"/><img class="lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" alt=""/><noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/10/discovery-economic-sciences-2-1024x676.jpg" alt=""/></noscript></picture></a><figcaption class="figcaption"><p class="figcaption__attribution">© Johan Jarnestad / The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences</p></figcaption> </figure> </article> <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" class="article -one-third"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <header class="content"> <div class="title"> <h2 class="headline h3" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/lists/all-nobel-prizes/"> All Nobel Prizes and Laureates </a> </h2> </div> </header> <div class="text"> <p>904 individuals and 24 organizations have been awarded Nobel Prizes so far. See the full list of all Nobel Laureates, awarded for "the benefit of humankind".</p> </div> </div> <figure class="featuredimage"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/lists/all-nobel-prizes/"><picture><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/ne-maybritt-moser-king-356-landscape-medium-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 220px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/ne-maybritt-moser-king-356-landscape-large-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 900px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/ne-maybritt-moser-king-356-landscape-x-large-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 1400px)"/><img class="lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" alt="May-Britt Moser receiving her Nobel Prize from His Majesty King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden."/><noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/ne-maybritt-moser-king-356-landscape-x-large.jpg" alt="May-Britt Moser receiving her Nobel Prize from His Majesty King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden."/></noscript></picture></a><figcaption class="figcaption"><p class="figcaption__caption">May-Britt Moser receiving her Nobel Prize from His Majesty King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden.</p> <p class="figcaption__attribution">Copyright © Nobel Media AB 2014, Photo: Niklas Elmehed</p></figcaption> </figure> </article> </section> <section class="article-grid var-one-third"> <header class="section-header border-top"> <h3>Celebrating Martin Luther King Jr.</h3> </header> <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" class="article -one-third"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <header class="content"> <div class="title"> <h2 class="headline h3" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1964/king/facts/"> Nobel Peace Prize 1964 </a> </h2> </div> </header> <div class="text"> <p>Martin Luther King Jr. was awarded the 1964 Nobel Peace Prize for his nonviolent campaign against racism. "He is the first person in the Western world to have shown us that a struggle can be waged without violence", said the Chairman of the Nobel Committee in his speech at the award ceremony.</p> </div> </div> <figure class="featuredimage"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1964/king/facts/"><picture><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/king-13174-landscape-medium-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 220px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/king-13174-landscape-large-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 900px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/king-13174-landscape-x-large-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 1400px)"/><img class="lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" alt="Martin Luther King Jr."/><noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/king-13174-landscape-x-large.jpg" alt="Martin Luther King Jr."/></noscript></picture></a> </figure> </article> <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" class="article -one-third"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <header class="content"> <div class="title"> <h2 class="headline h3" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1964/king/acceptance-speech/"> "Peace is more precious than diamonds or silver or gold" </a> </h2> </div> </header> <div class="text"> <p>Martin Luther King Jr. held his acceptance speech in the auditorium of the University of Oslo in Norway. Watch or read the speech.</p> </div> </div> <figure class="featuredimage"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1964/king/acceptance-speech/"><picture><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2019/01/king-acceptance-992x656.jpg" media="(min-width: 220px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2019/01/king-acceptance.jpg" media="(min-width: 900px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2019/01/king-acceptance.jpg" media="(min-width: 1400px)"/><img class="lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" alt="Martin Luther King Jr. giving his acceptance speech"/><noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2019/01/king-acceptance.jpg" alt="Martin Luther King Jr. giving his acceptance speech"/></noscript></picture></a> </figure> </article> <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" class="article -one-third"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <header class="content"> <div class="title"> <h2 class="headline h3" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1964/king/lecture/"> Martin Luther King Jr.'s Nobel Lecture </a> </h2> </div> </header> <div class="text"> <h2>"Nonviolence is a powerful and just weapon. Indeed, it is a weapon unique in history, which cuts without wounding and ennobles the man who wields it."</h2> <p> </p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1964/king/lecture/">Read the lecture</a></p> </div> </div> </article> </section> <section class="article-grid var-half-width-a"> <header class="section-header border-top"> <h3>Nobel Prize Lessons</h3> </header> <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" class="article -halfwidth-a"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <header class="content"> <div class="title"> <h2 class="headline h1" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel-prize-lessons-theme-martin-luther-king-jr-and-the-civil-rights-movement/"> Martin Luther King, Jr. and the civil rights movement </a> </h2> </div> </header> <div class="text"> <p>Martin Luther King Jr.’s life and work are a fascinating part of an important stage of 20th-century history. His ideas extend far beyond his own time and the society in which he lived. Discrimination and conflicts because of skin colour or ethnicity manifest themselves in a variety of contexts in our own world.</p> <p> </p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel-prize-lessons-theme-martin-luther-king-jr-and-the-civil-rights-movement/">A new Nobel Prize Lesson is now available and ready to use in the classroom</a></p> </div> </div> <figure class="featuredimage"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel-prize-lessons-theme-martin-luther-king-jr-and-the-civil-rights-movement/"><picture><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2019/01/mlk-getty-images-541224518-992x656.jpg" media="(min-width: 220px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2019/01/mlk-getty-images-541224518-1520x1008.jpg" media="(min-width: 900px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2019/01/mlk-getty-images-541224518-2048x1352.jpg" media="(min-width: 1400px)"/><img class="lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" alt="Martin Luther King Jr. marching in Selma"/><noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2019/01/mlk-getty-images-541224518-1024x676.jpg" alt="Martin Luther King Jr. marching in Selma"/></noscript></picture></a><figcaption class="figcaption"><p class="figcaption__caption">Martin Luther King Jr. marching past Browns Chapel in Selma, Alabama.</p> <p class="figcaption__attribution">Photo © Flip Schulke/CORBIS/Corbis via Getty Images</p></figcaption> </figure> </article> </section> <section class="search-form" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebSite">  <header class="heading"> <h3> <p style="text-align: center">What are you looking for? Search the website.</p> <p style="text-align: center"> </h3> </header> <form class="form" name="" method="GET" action="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/search/" itemprop="potentialAction" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/SearchAction"> <meta itemprop="target" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/search/"/> <label for="nobel-search-js" class="screen-reader-text"> Search Nobel </label> <div class="inputwrapper"> <input id="nobel-search-js" itemprop="query-input" class="searchinput" type="search" name="s" placeholder="Search"> <button class="searchsubmit" type="submit"> <svg width="20px" height="20px" viewbox="0 0 20 20" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" role="img" aria-labelledby="searchform-title searchform-desc"> <title id="searchform-title">Search</title> <desc id="searchform-desc">Search Nobel Button</desc> <g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"> <g transform="translate(-942.000000, -159.000000)"> <g transform="translate(942.000000, 159.000000)"> <rect fill="#0182C9" transform="translate(16.000000, 16.000000) rotate(-45.000000) translate(-16.000000, -16.000000) " x="15" y="12" width="2" height="8"></rect> <circle stroke="#0182C9" stroke-width="2" cx="8" cy="8" r="7"></circle> </g> </g> </g> </svg> </button> </div> </form> </section> <section class="article-grid var-one-third"> <header class="section-header border-top"> <h3>Alfred Nobel - Established the Nobel Prize</h3> </header> <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" class="article -one-third"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <header class="content"> <div class="title"> <h2 class="headline h3" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/alfred-nobel/full-text-of-alfred-nobels-will-2/"> Alfred Nobel's last will </a> </h2> </div> </header> <div class="text"> <p>On 27 November 1895, Alfred Nobel signed his last will in Paris, France. The Swedish dynamite millionaire, who thought that his invention would end all wars, had now realised that it was a very deadly product. Wanting to make amends, he did what no man of such wealth had done before ...</p> </div> </div> <figure class="featuredimage"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/alfred-nobel/full-text-of-alfred-nobels-will-2/"><picture><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/52980-landscape-medium-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 220px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/52980-landscape-large-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 900px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/52980-landscape-x-large-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 1400px)"/><img class="lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" alt="Alfred Nobel Will"/><noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/52980-landscape-x-large.jpg" alt="Alfred Nobel Will"/></noscript></picture></a> </figure> </article> <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" class="article -one-third"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <header class="content"> <div class="title"> <h2 class="headline h3" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/themes/the-very-first-nobel-prizes/"> The very first Nobel Prizes </a> </h2> </div> </header> <div class="text"> <p>On 10 December 1901 the first Nobel Prizes were awarded, in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine, literature and peace. Read more about the first prizes.</p> </div> </div> <figure class="featuredimage"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/themes/the-very-first-nobel-prizes/"><picture><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/06/frangsmyr11.jpg" media="(min-width: 220px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/06/frangsmyr11.jpg" media="(min-width: 900px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/06/frangsmyr11.jpg" media="(min-width: 1400px)"/><img class="lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" alt="The first Nobel Prize Award Ceremony was held in 1901 at the Royal Academy of Music, Stockholm."/><noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/06/frangsmyr11.jpg" alt="The first Nobel Prize Award Ceremony was held in 1901 at the Royal Academy of Music, Stockholm."/></noscript></picture></a> </figure> </article> <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" class="article -one-third"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <header class="content"> <div class="title"> <h2 class="headline h3" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/alfred-nobel/alfred-nobel-his-life-and-work/"> Alfred Nobel - scientist and inventor </a> </h2> </div> </header> <div class="text"> <p>Chemist, engineer and industrialist Alfred Nobel left 31 million SEK (today about 265 million dollar) to fund the Nobel Prizes. Read more about his life and work.</p> </div> </div> <figure class="featuredimage"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/alfred-nobel/alfred-nobel-his-life-and-work/"><picture><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/06/pf-alfred-bust-992x656.jpg" media="(min-width: 220px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/06/pf-alfred-bust.jpg" media="(min-width: 900px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/06/pf-alfred-bust.jpg" media="(min-width: 1400px)"/><img class="lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" alt=""/><noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2018/06/pf-alfred-bust-1024x676.jpg" alt=""/></noscript></picture></a> </figure> 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class="article-grid var-half-width-b"> <header class="section-header border-top"> <h3>Nobel destinations</h3> </header> <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" class="article -halfwidth-b"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <header class="content"> <div class="subtitle">Stockholm, Sweden</div> <div class="title"> <h2 class="headline h1" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/about/nobel-museum/"> Nobel Prize Museum </a> </h2> </div> </header> </div> <figure class="featuredimage"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/about/nobel-museum/"><picture><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/6990-landscape-medium-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 220px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/6990-landscape-large-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 900px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/6990-landscape-x-large-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 1400px)"/><img class="lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" alt="The Nobel Prize: Ideas Changing the World (3)"/><noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/6990-landscape-x-large.jpg" alt="The Nobel Prize: Ideas Changing the World (3)"/></noscript></picture></a><figcaption class="figcaption"><p class="figcaption__caption">The museum showcases the discoveries and creativity of the Nobel Laureates.</p> <p class="figcaption__attribution">Photo: Åke Eson Lindman</p></figcaption> </figure> </article> <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" class="article -halfwidth-b"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <header class="content"> <div class="subtitle">Oslo, Norway</div> <div class="title"> <h2 class="headline h1" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/about/nobel-peace-center/"> Nobel Peace Center </a> </h2> </div> </header> </div> <figure class="featuredimage"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/about/nobel-peace-center/"><picture><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/51213-landscape-medium-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 220px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/51213-landscape-large-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 900px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/51213-landscape-x-large-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 1400px)"/><img class="lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" alt="NPC Nye Nobels Hage 10"/><noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/51213-landscape-x-large.jpg" alt="NPC Nye Nobels Hage 10"/></noscript></picture></a><figcaption class="figcaption"><p class="figcaption__caption">The story of each Peace Laureate is told at the museum.</p> <p class="figcaption__attribution">Photo: Johannes Granseth / Nobel Peace Center</p></figcaption> </figure> </article> </section> <section class="newsletter-signup"> <div class="wrapper"> <div class="blurb"> <h3>Sign up to our newsletter</h3> <p><p>Join thousands of global subscribers enjoying the free monthly Nobel Prize highlights, trivia and up-to-date information.</p> </p> </div> <form action="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://app.rule.io/widget/subscriber" method="POST"> <label for="newsletteremail" class="screen-reader-text"> Your e-mail address </label> <input name="rule_email" id="newsletteremail" placeholder="Your e-mail address" required type="email"> <input type="hidden" name="tags[]" value="25327"> <input type="hidden" name="token" value="0b7e81c2-36b72d5-bb09466-94f58a6-a5535bb-c51"> <input type="hidden" name="language" value="en"> <input class="btn" type="submit" value="Subscribe" disabled> <label class="newsletterconfirm" for="newsletterconfirm"> <input id="newsletterconfirm" required type="checkbox"> <p>I consent to my email address being used in accordance with the <a href="/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/privacy-policy/">privacy policy</a>.</p> </label> </form> </div> </section> <section class="article-grid var-one-fourth-a"> <header class="section-header border-top"> <h3>In memoriam</h3> </header> <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" class="article -one-fourth"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <header class="content"> <div class="title"> <h2 class="headline h3" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2000/alferov/facts/"> Zhores I. Alferov dies at 88 </a> </h2> </div> </header> <div class="text"> <p>Physics Laureate Zhores I. Alferov passed away on 1 March. His Nobel Prize awarded work laid the foundation of modern information technology, IT,</p> </div> </div> <figure class="featuredimage"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2000/alferov/facts/"><picture><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/alferov-13532-landscape-medium-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 220px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/alferov-13532-landscape-large-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 900px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/alferov-13532-landscape-x-large-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 1400px)"/><img class="lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" alt="Zhores I. Alferov"/><noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/alferov-13532-landscape-x-large.jpg" alt="Zhores I. Alferov"/></noscript></picture></a> </figure> </article> <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" class="article -one-fourth"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <header class="content"> <div class="title"> <h2 class="headline h3" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1967/eigen/facts/"> Manfred Eigen 1927-2019 </a> </h2> </div> </header> <div class="text"> <p>Manfred Eigen passed away on 6 February. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1967 for his studies of extremely fast reactions. Manfred Eigen was 91 years old.</p> </div> </div> <figure class="featuredimage"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1967/eigen/facts/"><picture><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/eigen-13192-landscape-medium-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 220px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/eigen-13192-landscape-large-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 900px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/eigen-13192-landscape-x-large-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 1400px)"/><img class="lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" alt="Manfred Eigen"/><noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/eigen-13192-landscape-x-large.jpg" alt="Manfred Eigen"/></noscript></picture></a> </figure> </article> <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" class="article -one-fourth"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <header class="content"> <div class="title"> <h2 class="headline h3" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2005/glauber/facts/"> Roy Glauber has passed away </a> </h2> </div> </header> <div class="text"> <p>Roy Glauber was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics 2005 for his theoretical description of the behaviour of light particles. He passed away on 26 December, age 93.</p> </div> </div> <figure class="featuredimage"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2005/glauber/facts/"><picture><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2019/01/glauber-front.jpg" media="(min-width: 220px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2019/01/glauber-front.jpg" media="(min-width: 900px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2019/01/glauber-front.jpg" media="(min-width: 1400px)"/><img class="lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" alt=""/><noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2019/01/glauber-front.jpg" alt=""/></noscript></picture></a> </figure> </article> <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" class="article -one-fourth"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <header class="content"> <div class="title"> <h2 class="headline h3" itemprop="headline"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2002/giacconi/facts/"> X-ray astronomy pioneer Riccardo Giacconi dies </a> </h2> </div> </header> <div class="text"> <p>Physics Laureate Riccardo Giacconi was awarded the 2002 Physics Prize. He was instrumental in developing the first satellite and telescope to explore this previously hidden view of the universe.</p> </div> </div> <figure class="featuredimage"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2002/giacconi/facts/"><picture><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/giacconi-13680-landscape-medium-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 220px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/giacconi-13680-landscape-large-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 900px)"/><source data-srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/giacconi-13680-landscape-x-large-2x.jpg" media="(min-width: 1400px)"/><img class="lazyload" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" alt="Riccardo Giacconi"/><noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190318220603im_/https://www.nobelprize.org/images/giacconi-13680-landscape-x-large.jpg" alt="Riccardo Giacconi"/></noscript></picture></a> </figure> </article> </section> </main> <footer class="site-footer" role="contentinfo"> <div class="container"> <section class="footer-information"> <h4 class="heading"> <a href="/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/the-nobel-prize-organisation/">About the Nobel Prize organisation</a> </h4> <div class="footer-sections border-top"> <div class="footer-section"> <h5> <a href="/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/the-nobel-prize-organisation/the-nobel-foundation/">The Nobel Foundation</a> </h5> <p>Tasked with a mission to manage Alfred Nobel's fortune and has ultimate responsibility for fullfilling the intentions of Nobel's will.</p> </div> <div class="footer-section"> <h5> <a href="/web/20190318220603/https://www.nobelprize.org/the-nobel-prize-organisation/prize-awarding-institutions/">The 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