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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American author and amateur egyptologist</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">John Anthony West</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1932-07-09</span>)</span>July 9, 1932<sup id="cite_ref-LoC-Auth-JAW_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LoC-Auth-JAW-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City,_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="New York City, New York">New York City, New York</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">February 6, 2018<span style="display:none">(2018-02-06)</span> (aged 85)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">American</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sphinx_water_erosion_hypothesis" title="Sphinx water erosion hypothesis">Sphinx water erosion hypothesis</a>, studies of the <a href="/wiki/Dogon_people" title="Dogon people">Dogon people</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>John Anthony West</b> (July 9, 1932 – February 6, 2018) was an American author and lecturer and a proponent of the <a href="/wiki/Sphinx_water_erosion_hypothesis" title="Sphinx water erosion hypothesis">Sphinx water erosion hypothesis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Atlantic_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Atlantic-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His early career was as a <a href="/wiki/Copywriting" title="Copywriting">copywriter</a> in <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a> and science fiction writer. He received a <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Award" title="Hugo Award">Hugo Award</a> Honorable Mention in 1962. After recovering from cancer, West died from pneumonia at the age of 85. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sphinx_hypothesis">Sphinx hypothesis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Anthony_West&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Sphinx hypothesis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1979, in his book <i>Serpent in the Sky<sup id="cite_ref-West1993_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-West1993-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i>, he expanded on the ideas of French <a href="/wiki/Mysticism" title="Mysticism">mystic</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and alternative Egyptologist <a href="/wiki/R._A._Schwaller_de_Lubicz" title="R. A. Schwaller de Lubicz">Schwaller de Lubicz</a>, suggesting the <a href="/wiki/Great_Sphinx_of_Giza" title="Great Sphinx of Giza">Great Sphinx of Giza</a> had been eroded by Nile floods after being created 15,000-10,000 BC by <a href="/wiki/Atlantis" title="Atlantis">Atlanteans</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ten years later he teamed up with geologist <a href="/wiki/Robert_M._Schoch" title="Robert M. Schoch">Robert M. Schoch</a>, seeking validation for his ideas. Schoch initially made the more conservative estimate of between 7,000 and 5,000 BC<sup id="cite_ref-West1996_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-West1996-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but later pushed his minimum estimate back to 10,000 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This challenged the conventional dating of the carving of the statue to circa 2500 BC. </p><p>In 1993, the work of West and Schoch was presented by <a href="/wiki/Charlton_Heston" title="Charlton Heston">Charlton Heston</a> in an <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a> special called <i><a href="/wiki/The_Mystery_of_the_Sphinx" title="The Mystery of the Sphinx">The Mystery of the Sphinx</a></i>, which won a <a href="/wiki/News_%26_Documentary_Emmy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="News & Documentary Emmy Award">News & Documentary Emmy Award</a> for Best Research and a nomination for Best Documentary.<sup id="cite_ref-MacDonaldRice2003_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MacDonaldRice2003-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Publishing2006_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Publishing2006-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Exploration1996_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Exploration1996-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism">Criticism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Anthony_West&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Criticism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Peter_Green_(historian)" title="Peter Green (historian)">Peter Green</a> of the University of Texas at Austin has been critical of West. In a 1979 exchange of letters in the <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Review_of_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Review of Books">New York Review of Books</a></i>, Green drew attention to what he considered to be numerous problems with West's work, including unconscious prejudices, "wildly speculative" ideas and lack of scientific evidence, as well as a tendency towards conspiracy theories in lieu of orthodox Egyptology.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Anthony_West&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>West's writing career spanned two periods. The first half lasted from 1961 to 1980 as a science fiction short story writer; and the second half was from 1980 to 2007 as a non-fiction book author. He won an Honorable Mention for Best Short Fiction towards the 1962 <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Award" title="Hugo Award">Hugo Award</a> for his early short story "The Fiesta at Managuay" (1961). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Science_fiction">Science fiction</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Anthony_West&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Science fiction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><dl><dt>Short stories</dt></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>"The Fiesta at Managuay" (1961);</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd>first appearing in the collection book <i>Call Out the Malicia</i>, 1961 (UK);</dd> <dd>then <i><a href="/wiki/The_Magazine_of_Fantasy_and_Science_Fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction">The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction</a></i>, December 1961 (US);</dd> <dd>then <i>The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction</i>, April 1962 (UK), Vol. 3, No. 5</dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>"George" (1961)</li></ul> <ul><li>"Gladys's Gregory" (1963), <i>The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction</i> (US), February 1963, Vol. 24 #2, issue 141</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>"A Case History" (1973)</li> <li>"The Fox and the Hedgehog" (1979)</li> <li>"The Emperor's New Clothes" (1980)</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dt>Novel</dt></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li><i>Osborne's Army</i>, Eyre & Spottiswoode (Publishers Limited), 1966; Penguin #2861, softcover, London, 1969.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Books">Books</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Anthony_West&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Call Out the Malicia</i> is West's first published book and is a collection of his short stories. </p> <dl><dt>Fiction</dt></dl> <ul><li><i>Call Out the Malicia</i>, Heinemann, London, UK, 1961 (book cover red eyes); E. P. Dutton, New York City, 1963 (book cover green eyes); both hardcover. A collection of 10 short stories of science fiction, fantasy, and horror.</li></ul> <dl><dt>Non-fiction</dt></dl> <ul><li>John Anthony West & <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jan_Gerhard_Toonder&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jan Gerhard Toonder (page does not exist)">Jan Gerhard Toonder</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Gerhard_Toonder" class="extiw" title="nl:Jan Gerhard Toonder">nl</a>]</span>, <i>The case for astrology</i>, Quest Books, 1970</li> <li><i>Serpent in the Sky: The High Wisdom of Ancient Egypt</i>, Quest Books, 1979</li> <li><i>The Traveler's Key to Ancient Egypt: A Guide to the Sacred Places of Ancient Egypt</i>, Quest Books, 1996</li> <li>John Anthony West & Laird Scranton <i>The Science of the Dogon: Decoding the African Mystery Tradition</i>, Quest Books, 2006</li> <li>John Anthony West & Laird Scranton, <i>Sacred Symbols of the Dogon: The Key to Advanced Science in the Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphs</i>, Quest Books, 2007</li> <li>David Solomon & John Anthony West (editor), <i>The Dead Saints Chronicles: A Zen Journey Through the Christian Afterlife</i>, Dead Saints Media, 2016</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Video">Video</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Anthony_West&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Video"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Ancient Egypt Mystery Schools</i>, Unusual Accomplishment, LLC., 2015</li> <li><i>Magical Egypt: A Symbolist Tour of Ancient Egypt</i>, 8 episodes, Cydonia Inc., 2001</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Anthony_West&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Hancock" title="Graham Hancock">Graham Hancock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bauval" title="Robert Bauval">Robert Bauval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_M._Schoch" title="Robert M. Schoch">Robert M. Schoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_K._G._Temple" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert K. G. Temple">Robert K. G. Temple</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Anthony_West&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-LoC-Auth-JAW-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LoC-Auth-JAW_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n79064618.html">"LC Name Authority File (LCNAF):West, John Anthony"</a>. LoC<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 8,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=LC+Name+Authority+File+%28LCNAF%29%3AWest%2C+John+Anthony&rft.pub=LoC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fid.loc.gov%2Fauthorities%2Fnames%2Fn79064618.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Anthony+West" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Atlantic-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-The_Atlantic_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zGQQAAAAIAAJ"><i>The Atlantic, p. 42</i></a>. Atlantic Monthly Co. 1962<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 22,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Atlantic%2C+p.+42&rft.pub=Atlantic+Monthly+Co.&rft.date=1962&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzGQQAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Anthony+West" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-West1993-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-West1993_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Anthony_West1993" class="citation book cs1">John Anthony West (May 1, 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0S1qpP7By9IC"><i>Serpent in the Sky: The High Wisdom of Ancient Egypt</i></a>. Quest Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8356-0691-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8356-0691-2"><bdi>978-0-8356-0691-2</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 6,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Serpent+in+the+Sky%3A+The+High+Wisdom+of+Ancient+Egypt&rft.pub=Quest+Books&rft.date=1993-05-01&rft.isbn=978-0-8356-0691-2&rft.au=John+Anthony+West&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0S1qpP7By9IC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Anthony+West" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilson1993" class="citation book cs1">Wilson, Peter Lamborn (1993). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sacreddriftessay00wils"><i>Sacred Drift: Essays on the Margins of Islam</i></a></span>. City Lights Books. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sacreddriftessay00wils/page/105">105</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87286-275-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87286-275-3"><bdi>978-0-87286-275-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sacred+Drift%3A+Essays+on+the+Margins+of+Islam&rft.pages=105&rft.pub=City+Lights+Books&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-87286-275-3&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Peter+Lamborn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsacreddriftessay00wils&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Anthony+West" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Garrett G. Fagan (editor), <i>Archaeological Fantasies: How Pseudoarchaeology Misrepresents the Past and Misleads the Public</i>, page 251 (Routledge, 2006). <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-30593-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-30593-4">0-415-30593-4</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacDonaldRice2016" class="citation book cs1">MacDonald, Sally; Rice, Michael (June 16, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4dNmDAAAQBAJ&dq=Schwaller+de+Lubicz+sphinx+atlantis&pg=PA182"><i>Consuming Ancient Egypt</i></a>. Routledge. p. 182. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-315-43172-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-315-43172-7"><bdi>978-1-315-43172-7</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Consuming+Ancient+Egypt&rft.pages=182&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2016-06-16&rft.isbn=978-1-315-43172-7&rft.aulast=MacDonald&rft.aufirst=Sally&rft.au=Rice%2C+Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4dNmDAAAQBAJ%26dq%3DSchwaller%2Bde%2BLubicz%2Bsphinx%2Batlantis%26pg%3DPA182&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Anthony+West" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-West1996-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-West1996_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Anthony_West1996" class="citation book cs1">John Anthony West (January 1, 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EG0BzbCu0m4C"><i>The Traveler's Key to Ancient Egypt: A Guide to the Sacred Places of Ancient Egypt</i></a>. Quest Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8356-0724-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8356-0724-7"><bdi>978-0-8356-0724-7</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 6,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Traveler%27s+Key+to+Ancient+Egypt%3A+A+Guide+to+the+Sacred+Places+of+Ancient+Egypt&rft.pub=Quest+Books&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.isbn=978-0-8356-0724-7&rft.au=John+Anthony+West&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEG0BzbCu0m4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Anthony+West" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchoch2017" class="citation book cs1">Schoch, Robert (2017). <i>Origins of the Sphinx</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Origins+of+the+Sphinx&rft.date=2017&rft.aulast=Schoch&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Anthony+West" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MacDonaldRice2003-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MacDonaldRice2003_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSally_MacDonaldMichael_Rice2003" class="citation book cs1">Sally MacDonald; Michael Rice (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8ZbfGFwCu28C&pg=PA183"><i>Consuming Ancient Egypt</i></a>. UCL. pp. 183–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84472-003-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84472-003-3"><bdi>978-1-84472-003-3</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Consuming+Ancient+Egypt&rft.pages=183-&rft.pub=UCL&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-1-84472-003-3&rft.au=Sally+MacDonald&rft.au=Michael+Rice&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8ZbfGFwCu28C%26pg%3DPA183&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Anthony+West" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Publishing2006-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Publishing2006_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuigley_Publishing2006" class="citation book cs1">Quigley Publishing (January 1, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kSQYAAAAIAAJ"><i>International television & video almanac, p. 64</i></a>. Quigley Pub. Co. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-900610-78-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-900610-78-3"><bdi>978-0-900610-78-3</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=International+television+%26+video+almanac%2C+p.+64&rft.pub=Quigley+Pub.+Co.&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.isbn=978-0-900610-78-3&rft.au=Quigley+Publishing&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkSQYAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Anthony+West" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Exploration1996-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Exploration1996_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSociety_for_Scientific_Exploration1996" class="citation book cs1">Society for Scientific Exploration (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PtkPAQAAMAAJ"><i>Journal of scientific exploration: a publication of the Society for Scientific Exploration, p. 582</i></a>. Pergamon<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Journal+of+scientific+exploration%3A+a+publication+of+the+Society+for+Scientific+Exploration%2C+p.+582&rft.pub=Pergamon&rft.date=1996&rft.au=Society+for+Scientific+Exploration&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPtkPAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJohn+Anthony+West" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (February 2020)">unreliable source?</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nybooks.com/articles/1979/12/20/the-secrets-of-the-pyramids/">"Secrets of the Pyramids"</a>, <i>New York Review of Books</i>, December 20, 1979: Retrieved March 27, 2016</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Anthony_West&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jawest.com/">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.robertschoch.com/john_anthony_west.html">'A Tribute to John Anthony West'</a> - <a href="/wiki/Robert_M._Schoch" title="Robert M. Schoch">Robert M. Schoch</a> (2018)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://starman414.wixsite.com/johnwestinterview">Interview w/Ray Grasse (90s)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/ea.cgi?14229">John Anthony West</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Speculative_Fiction_Database" title="Internet Speculative Fiction Database">Internet Speculative Fiction Database</a></li></ul> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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