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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Videz"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Videz" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Videz</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sl.wikipedia.org&uselang=sl" class=""><span>Denarni prispevki</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Registracija&returnto=Kemolitotrof" title="Predlagamo vam, da si ustvarite račun in se prijavite, vendar to ni obvezno." class=""><span>Ustvari račun</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Prijava&returnto=Kemolitotrof" title="Prijava je zaželena, vendar ni obvezna [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Prijava</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Več možnosti" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Osebna orodja" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Osebna orodja</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Uporabniški meni" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sl.wikipedia.org&uselang=sl"><span>Denarni prispevki</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Registracija&returnto=Kemolitotrof" title="Predlagamo vam, da si ustvarite račun in se prijavite, vendar to ni obvezno."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Ustvari račun</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Prijava&returnto=Kemolitotrof" title="Prijava je zaželena, vendar ni obvezna [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Prijava</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Strani za neprijavljene urejevalce <a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%8D:Uvod" aria-label="Več o urejanju"><span>več o tem</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:MojiPrispevki" title="Seznam urejanj s tega IP-naslova [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Prispevki</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:MojPogovor" title="Pogovor o urejanjih s tega IP-naslova [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pogovorna stran</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Projekt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Vsebina" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Vsebina</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">prestavi v stransko letvico</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Uvod</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Viri_in_literatura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Viri_in_literatura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Viri in literatura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Viri_in_literatura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sklici" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sklici"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Sklici</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sklici-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Vsebina" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vklopi kazalo vsebine" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vklopi kazalo vsebine</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kemolitotrof</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="P9jdi na članek v drugem jeziku. Na voljo v 19 jezikih." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-19" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">19 jezikov</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litotrofia" title="Litotrofia – aragonščina" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Litotrofia" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%BA%D8%B0%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="جمادي التغذية – arabščina" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جمادي التغذية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lit%C3%B2trof" title="Litòtrof – katalonščina" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Litòtrof" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litotrofie" title="Litotrofie – češčina" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Litotrofie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="češčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithotrophie" title="Lithotrophie – nemščina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lithotrophie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="nemščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%B9%CE%B8%CF%8C%CF%84%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Λιθότροφος – grščina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λιθότροφος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithotroph" title="Lithotroph – angleščina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Lithotroph" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angleščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litotrofio" title="Litotrofio – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Litotrofio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lit%C3%B3trofo" title="Litótrofo – španščina" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Litótrofo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litotroof" title="Litotroof – estonščina" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Litotroof" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithotrophie" title="Lithotrophie – francoščina" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Lithotrophie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francoščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lit%C3%B3trofo" title="Litótrofo – galicijščina" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Litótrofo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litotrof" title="Litotrof – indonezijščina" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Litotrof" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithotroof" title="Lithotroof – nizozemščina" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Lithotroof" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litotrofia" title="Litotrofia – poljščina" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Litotrofia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poljščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%8B" title="Литотрофы – ruščina" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Литотрофы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Litotrofni_organizmi" title="Litotrofni organizmi – srbščina" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Litotrofni organizmi" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8" title="Літотрофи – ukrajinščina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Літотрофи" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinh_v%E1%BA%ADt_v%C3%B4_c%C6%A1_d%C6%B0%E1%BB%A1ng" title="Sinh vật vô cơ dưỡng – vietnamščina" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sinh vật vô cơ dưỡng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q901900#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Uredi medjezikovne povezave" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi povezave</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Imenski prostori"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kemolitotrof" title="Ogled vsebinske strani [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Stran</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pogovor:Kemolitotrof&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Pogovor o vsebinski strani (stran ne obstaja) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pogovor</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Spremeni različico jezika" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">slovenščina</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Pogledi"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kemolitotrof"><span>Preberi</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kemolitotrof&veaction=edit" title="Uredite to stran [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Uredi stran</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kemolitotrof&action=edit" title="Uredi izvorno kodo te strani [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Uredi kodo</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kemolitotrof&action=history" title="Prejšnje redakcije te strani [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Zgodovina</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Orodja strani"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Orodja" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Orodja</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Orodja</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">prestavi v stransko letvico</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">skrij</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Več možnosti" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dejanja </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kemolitotrof"><span>Preberi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kemolitotrof&veaction=edit" title="Uredite to stran [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Uredi stran</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kemolitotrof&action=edit" title="Uredi izvorno kodo te strani [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Uredi kodo</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kemolitotrof&action=history"><span>Zgodovina</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Splošno </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:KajSePovezujeSem/Kemolitotrof" title="Seznam vseh strani, ki se povezujejo sem [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Kaj se povezuje sem</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:RecentChangesLinked/Kemolitotrof" rel="nofollow" title="Zadnje spremembe na straneh, s katerimi se povezuje ta stran [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Povezane spremembe</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:PosebneStrani" title="Seznam vseh posebnih strani [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Posebne strani</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kemolitotrof&oldid=5776983" title="Trajna povezava na to redakcijo strani"><span>Trajna povezava</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kemolitotrof&action=info" title="Več informacij o tej strani"><span>Podatki o strani</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Navedi&page=Kemolitotrof&id=5776983&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informacije o tem, kako navajati to stran"><span>Navedba članka</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKemolitotrof"><span>Pridobi skrajšani URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKemolitotrof"><span>Prenesi kodo QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tiskanje/izvoz </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Kemolitotrof"><span>Ustvari e-knjigo</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:DownloadAsPdf&page=Kemolitotrof&action=show-download-screen"><span>Prenesi kot PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kemolitotrof&printable=yes" title="Različica te strani za tisk [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Različica za tisk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> V drugih projektih </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q901900" title="Povezava na ustrezni predmet v podatkovni shrambi [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Predmet v Wikipodatkih</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Orodja strani"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Videz"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Videz</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">prestavi v stransko letvico</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skrij</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Iz Wikipedije, proste enciklopedije</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Preusmerjeno s strani <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kemolitotrofi&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Kemolitotrofi">Kemolitotrofi</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sl" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6309535">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Popravi plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-Cleanup" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">Ta članek <b>potrebuje čiščenje. Pri urejanju upoštevaj pravila <a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Slogovni_priro%C4%8Dnik" title="Wikipedija:Slogovni priročnik">slogovnega priročnika</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> <a href="/wiki/Predloga:Popravi/dok" title="Predloga:Popravi/dok">Razlog za čiščenje</a> ni podan. Prosimo, da <a class="external text" href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kemolitotrof&action=edit">nam pomagaš izboljšati ta članek</a>.</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Kemolitotrofi</b> (kemo + litotrof, starogrško lithos 'kamen' in trophein 'hraniti se') so kemotrofne bakterije, ki za vir energije porabljajo anorganske snovi (donor elektronov) iz svoje okolice.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Načeloma so avtotrofni organizmi in kot vir ogljika porabljajo CO<sub>2</sub>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Glede na pridobljeno energijo so najbolj razširjene vodikove, žveplove, nitritne in nitratne ter železove bakterije.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ti mikroorganizmi so pogosto ekstremofili, se pa prilagajajo razmeram in zato nekateri izmed njih lahko spreminjajo preživetvene strategije.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> </p><p>Kemolitotrofne bakterije je odkril ruski znanstvenik <a href="/wiki/Sergej_Vinogradski" title="Sergej Vinogradski">Sergej N. Vinogradski</a> med raziskovanjem žveplovih bakterij rodu <i>Beggiotoa</i> iz nekega vrelca v Švici. Pod mikroskopom je v bakterijah opazil zrnca žvepla, ki so se sčasoma zmanjševala, dokler niso povsem izginila. Če je dodal H<sub>2</sub>S, so spet nastala. Opazil je tudi, da se je pH sčasoma povišal. Predpostavil je, da <i>Beggiotoa</i> oksidira sulfid v elementarno žveplo, to pa v sulfat. Vezavo CO<sub>2</sub> je dokazal z nitritnimi bakterijami: ker jih je osamil v okolju s samimi anorganskimi snovmi, so lahko organske snovi nastale zgolj iz CO<sub>2</sub>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nadaljnje Baalsrudovo in Trudingerjevo proučevanje bakterij <i>Thiobacillus denitrificans</i> in <i>Thiobacillus thioxidans</i> je potrdilo obstoj kemolitotrofije na primeru sinteze kisline fosfoglicerat iz CO<sub>2</sub>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Energetsko najbogatejša je oksidacija vodika, zato so vodikove bakterije zelo uspešne (vendar so fakultativno aerobne!). Izločajo vodo, organsko snov porabijo za gradnjo lastnih struktur; primer so hipertermofilne bakterije iz rodu <i>Hydrogenobacter</i> in druge t. i. bakterije Knallgas (ker izločajo pokalni plin). Izmed žveplovih bakterij največ energije dobijo tiste, ki oksidirajo tiosulfat (S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-). Kadar oksidirajo v vodi slabo topno žveplo, posamezne atome vežejo na posebno membransko ali periplazemsko beljakovino. Nitritne (<i>Nitrosomonas, Nitrosoccus</i>) in nitratne (<i>Nitrobacter, Nitrococcus</i>) bakterije kot vir elektronov rabijo amonijak oz. nitrit, pri čemer prve ob nitritu izločajo vodik in vodo (vmesna stopnja je hidraksilamin); večinoma so obligatno aerobne.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Železove bakterije <i>Thiobacillus ferroxidan</i> oksidirajo topen Fe<sup>2+</sup> v netopen Fe<sup>3+</sup>, <i>Leptothrix</i> in <i>Crenothrix</i> pa FeCO<sub>3</sub> → Fe(OH)<sub>3</sub>. Oboje da le malo energije, zato se pri tem oksidira veliko železa. Večina železovih bakterij je zmožna presnavljati tudi žveplo, sploh ker se Fe<sup>2+</sup> nadzorovano lahko oksidira le v kislem okolju, žveplo pa se oksidira v žveplovo (VI) kislino.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="sortable wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Vrsta </th> <th>Primer </th> <th>Vir energije </th> <th>Sprejemnik elektrona </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%BDelezove_bakterije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Železove bakterije (stran ne obstaja)">Železove bakterije</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Acidithiobacillus_ferro-oxidans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acidithiobacillus ferro-oxidans (stran ne obstaja)">Acidithiobacillus ferro-oxidans</a></i> </td> <td>Fe<sup>2+</sup> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferrous&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferrous (stran ne obstaja)">ferrous</a> železo) → Fe<sup>3+</sup> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Ferric&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ferric (stran ne obstaja)">ferric</a> iron) + e<sup>-</sup> </td> <td>O<sub>2</sub> (kisik) → H<sub>2</sub>O (voda) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nitritne_bakterije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nitritne bakterije (stran ne obstaja)">Nitritne bakterije</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nitrosomonas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nitrosomonas (stran ne obstaja)">Nitrosomonas</a></i> </td> <td>NH<sub>3</sub> (<a href="/wiki/Amonijak" title="Amonijak">amonijak</a>) → NO<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">−</sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">2</sub></span> (<a href="/wiki/Nitrit" title="Nitrit">nitrit</a>) + e<sup>-</sup> </td> <td>O<sub>2</sub> (kisik) → H<sub>2</sub>O (voda) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nitratne_bakterije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nitratne bakterije (stran ne obstaja)">Nitratne bakterije</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nitrobacter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nitrobacter (stran ne obstaja)">Nitrobacter</a></i> </td> <td>NO<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">−</sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">2</sub></span> (nitrit) → NO<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">−</sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">3</sub></span> (<a href="/wiki/Nitrat" title="Nitrat">nitrat</a>) + e<sup>-</sup> </td> <td>O<sub>2</sub> (kisik) → H<sub>2</sub>O (voda) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kemotrofne <a href="/w/index.php?title=Purpurne_%C5%BEveplove_bakterije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Purpurne žveplove bakterije (stran ne obstaja)">purpurne žveplove bakterije</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halothiobacillaceae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Halothiobacillaceae (stran ne obstaja)">Halothiobacillaceae</a> </td> <td>S<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">2−</sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"></sub></span> (<a href="/wiki/Sulfid" title="Sulfid">sulfid</a>) → S <span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">0</sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"></sub></span> (<a href="/wiki/%C5%BDveplo" title="Žveplo">žveplo</a>) + e<sup>-</sup> </td> <td>O<sub>2</sub> (kisik) → H<sub>2</sub>O (voda) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%BDveplove_bakterije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Žveplove bakterije (stran ne obstaja)">Žveplove bakterije</a> </td> <td>Kemotrofne <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhodobacteraceae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhodobacteraceae (stran ne obstaja)">Rhodobacteraceae</a><br />in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thiotrichaceae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thiotrichaceae (stran ne obstaja)">Thiotrichaceae</a> </td> <td>S<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">0</sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"></sub></span> (<a href="/wiki/%C5%BDveplo" title="Žveplo">žveplo</a>) → SO<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">2−</sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">4</sub></span> (<a href="/wiki/Sulfat" title="Sulfat">sulfat</a>) + e<sup>-</sup> </td> <td>O<sub>2</sub> (kisik) → H<sub>2</sub>O (voda) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vodikove_bakterije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vodikove bakterije (stran ne obstaja)">Vodikove bakterije</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cupriavidus_metallidurans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cupriavidus metallidurans (stran ne obstaja)">Cupriavidus metallidurans</a></i> </td> <td>H<sub>2</sub> (<a href="/wiki/Vodik" title="Vodik">vodik</a>) → H<sub>2</sub>O (<a href="/wiki/Voda" title="Voda">voda</a>) + e<sup>-</sup> </td> <td>O<sub>2</sub> (kisik) → H<sub>2</sub>O (voda) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anammox&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anammox (stran ne obstaja)">Anammox</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Planctomycetes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planctomycetes (stran ne obstaja)">Planctomycetes</a> </td> <td>NH<sub>3</sub> (<a href="/wiki/Amonijak" title="Amonijak">amonijak</a>) → N<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"></sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">2</sub></span> (dušik) + e<sup>-</sup> </td> <td>NO<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">−</sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">2</sub></span> (nitrit) </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thiobacillus_denitrificans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thiobacillus denitrificans (stran ne obstaja)">Thiobacillus denitrificans</a></i> </td> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thiobacillus_denitrificans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thiobacillus denitrificans (stran ne obstaja)">Thiobacillus denitrificans</a></i> </td> <td>S<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:0.8em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">0</sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline"></sub></span> (<a href="/wiki/%C5%BDveplo" title="Žveplo">žveplo</a>) → SO<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">2−</sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">4</sub></span> (sulfat) + e<sup>-</sup> </td> <td>NO<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">−</sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">3</sub></span> (nitrat) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%BDveploreducirajo%C4%8De_bakterje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Žveploreducirajoče bakterje (stran ne obstaja)">Žveploreducirajoče bakterje</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vodikove_bakterije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vodikove bakterije (stran ne obstaja)">Vodikove bakterije</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>H<sub>2</sub> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydrogen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hydrogen (stran ne obstaja)">hydrogen</a>) → H<sub>2</sub>O (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Water&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Water (stran ne obstaja)">water</a>) + e<sup>-</sup> </td> <td>Sulfat (SO<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">2−</sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">4</sub></span>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%BDveploreducirajo%C4%8De_bakterje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Žveploreducirajoče bakterje (stran ne obstaja)">Žveploreducirajoče bakterje</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosfitne_bakterije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fosfitne bakterije (stran ne obstaja)">Fosfitne bakterije</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Desulfotignum_phosphitoxidans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Desulfotignum phosphitoxidans (stran ne obstaja)">Desulfotignum phosphitoxidans</a></i> </td> <td>PO<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">3−</sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">3</sub></span> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosfit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fosfit (stran ne obstaja)">fosfit</a>) → PO<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">3−</sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">4</sub></span> (<a href="/wiki/Fosfat" title="Fosfat">fosfat</a>) + e<sup>-</sup> </td> <td>Sulfat (SO<span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:left"><sup style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">2−</sup><br /><sub style="font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;vertical-align:baseline">4</sub></span>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metanogene_bakterije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metanogene bakterije (stran ne obstaja)">Metanogene bakterije</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Archaea" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaea">Archaea</a> </td> <td>H<sub>2</sub> (<a href="/wiki/Vodik" title="Vodik">vodik</a>) → H<sub>2</sub>O (<a href="/wiki/Voda" title="Voda">voda</a>) + e<sup>-</sup> </td> <td>CO<sub>2</sub> (<a href="/wiki/Ogljikov_dioksid" title="Ogljikov dioksid">ogljikov dioksid</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karbohidrotrofne_bakterije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karbohidrotrofne bakterije (stran ne obstaja)">Karbohidrotrofne bakterije</a> </td> <td><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carboxydothermus_hydrogenoformans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans (stran ne obstaja)">Carboxydothermus hydrogenoformans</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ogljikov_monoksid" title="Ogljikov monoksid">ogljikov monoksid</a> (CO) → <a href="/wiki/Ogljikov_dioksid" title="Ogljikov dioksid">ogljikov dioksid</a> (CO<sub>2</sub>) + e<sup>-</sup> </td> <td>H<sub>2</sub>O (voda) → H<sub>2</sub> (vodik) </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Sam proces aerobnega dihanja je zelo podoben dihanju kemoorganotrofnih bakterij in vključuje tudi iste elektronske prenašalce.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nekatere bakterije so fakultativni kemolitotrofi, torej se obnašajo avto- ali heterotrofno, odvisno od razmer v okolju (vodikove, žveplove – slednje so lahko tudi anaerobne). V prvem primeru se CO<sub>2</sub> veže v [Calvinov cikel|Calvinovem ciklu], v drugem pa ga vežejo drugi encimi,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> metanogene arheje in žveplove bakterije pa CO<sub>2</sub> sploh ne vežejo s Calvinovim ciklom.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>S svojim poseganjem v naravo (rudarjenje, umetna kmetijska gnojila in škropiva, industrijski izpusti) človek pogosto omogoči primerne razmere za rast kemolitotrofov, ti pa zaradi kislih izločkov lahko močno prizadenejo ekosisteme, npr. <i>Acidithiobacillus ferro-oxidans</i> v rudniških odplakah.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Viri_in_literatura">Viri in literatura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kemolitotrof&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi razdelek: Viri in literatura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kemolitotrof&action=edit&section=1" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Viri in literatura"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Ronald M. Atlas, Richard Bartha. 1998. Microbial Ecology : Fundamentals and Applications. Menlo Park: Benjamin Cummings, 1998. <br /></li> <li>Družinska enciklopedija Guinness. Martin Žnideršič (ur.). Ljubljana: Slovenska knjiga, 1995. <br /></li> <li>C. Gunsalus, Roger Y. Stanier: The Bacteria : A Treatise on Structure and Function, III. Biosytnhese. New York, London: Academic Press, 1962. <br /></li> <li>Michael T. Madigan, John M. Martinko, Jack Parker: Brock Biology of Microorganisms. 8th ed., International ed. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc., cop. 1997.<br /></li> <li>Michael T. Madigan, John M. Martinko, Jack Parker. 2006. Brock Biology of Microorganisms. 11th ed. Povzetek (e-prosojnice) 12. poglavja: The Bacteria. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.imamu.edu.sa/Scientific_selections/abstracts/Biology/Brock%20Biology%20of%20Microorganisms.pdf">http://www.imamu.edu.sa/Scientific_selections/abstracts/Biology/Brock%20Biology%20of%20Microorganisms.pdf</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120916140801/http://www.imamu.edu.sa/Scientific_selections/abstracts/Biology/Brock%20Biology%20of%20Microorganisms.pdf">Arhivirano</a> 2012-09-16 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Zadnji ogled 27. 12. 2011.</li></ul> <ul><li>Božidar Mihajlović, Marko Radojević, Branko Trbić: Mikrobiologija. Beograd: Zavod za izdavanje udžbenika Socialističke republike Srbije, 1971. <br /></li> <li>Mauro Raffaelli, Jose Maria Thomas-Domenech: Botanika. Zbirka: Naravoslovni atlasi. Ljubljana: Mladinska knjiga, 1990. <br /></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sklici">Sklici</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kemolitotrof&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi razdelek: Sklici" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kemolitotrof&action=edit&section=2" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Sklici"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Brock, 1997: 110–11; Guinness, 1995: 110</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Botanika, 1990: 18; Brock, 1997: 110, 138</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Brock, 1997: 491, 501; Botanika, 1990: 18, Mikrobiologija, 1971: 87</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Brock, 1997: 492</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Brock, 1997: 493</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">The Bacteria, 1962: 19–22</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Botanika, 1990: 18, Brock, 1997: 474, 490–91, 636</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Botanika, 1990: 18; Brock, 1997: 492, 494–95; Brock, 2006; Microbial Ecology, 1998: 422</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Brock, 1997: 138</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Brock, 1997: 491–92</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Brock, 1997: 490</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Brock, 1997: 490; Brock splet, Microbial Ecology, 1998: 429</span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Pridobljeno iz »<a dir="ltr" href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kemolitotrof&oldid=5776983">https://sl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kemolitotrof&oldid=5776983</a>«</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Kategorije" title="Posebno:Kategorije">Kategoriji</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Bakterije" title="Kategorija:Bakterije">Bakterije</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Biologija_tal" title="Kategorija:Biologija tal">Biologija tal</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Skrite kategorije: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:%C4%8Clanki,_ki_so_potrebni_%C4%8Di%C5%A1%C4%8Denja" title="Kategorija:Članki, ki so potrebni čiščenja">Članki, ki so potrebni čiščenja</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:%C4%8Clanki,_ki_so_potrebni_%C4%8Di%C5%A1%C4%8Denja_brez_parametra_razlog" title="Kategorija:Članki, ki so potrebni čiščenja brez parametra razlog">Članki, ki so potrebni čiščenja brez parametra razlog</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Predloga_Webarchive_z_wayback_linki" title="Kategorija:Predloga Webarchive z wayback linki">Predloga Webarchive z wayback linki</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Čas zadnje spremembe strani: 06:24, 30. september 2022.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Besedilo se sme prosto uporabljati v skladu z dovoljenjem <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Priznanje avtorstva-Deljenje pod enakimi pogoji 4.0</a>; uveljavljajo se lahko dodatni pogoji. 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