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Available in 28 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-28" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">28 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fregues%C3%ADa" title="Freguesía – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Freguesía" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freguesia" title="Freguesia – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Freguesia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freguesia" title="Freguesia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Freguesia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freguesia" title="Freguesia – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Freguesia" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freguesia" title="Freguesia – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Freguesia" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freguesia" title="Freguesia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Freguesia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freguesia" title="Freguesia – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Freguesia" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freguesia" title="Freguesia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Freguesia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freguesia" title="Freguesia – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Freguesia" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fregues%C3%ADa" title="Freguesía – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Freguesía" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freguesia" title="Freguesia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Freguesia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%96%D7%99%D7%94" title="פרגזיה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פרגזיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parochia_(Lusitania)" title="Parochia (Lusitania) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Parochia (Lusitania)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraguesie" title="Fraguesie – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Fraguesie" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freguesia" title="Freguesia – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Freguesia" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freguesia" title="Freguesia – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Freguesia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freguesia" title="Freguesia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Freguesia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freguesia" title="Freguesia – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Freguesia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Фрегезия – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Фрегезия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freguesia" title="Freguesia – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Freguesia" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freguesia" title="Freguesia – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Freguesia" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freguesia" title="Freguesia – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Freguesia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freguesia" title="Freguesia – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Freguesia" 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href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="فریگیزیا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فریگیزیا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freguesia" title="Freguesia – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Freguesia" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A0%82%E5%8C%BA_(%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99)" title="堂区 (葡萄牙) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="堂区 (葡萄牙)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Administrative subdivision of Portugal</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="float: right; width: ;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; background-color: #F0F0F0; vertical-align: middle">Freguesia</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Category</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">3rd-level <a href="/wiki/Administrative_division" title="Administrative division">administrative division</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Found in</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Portugal" title="Municipalities of Portugal">Municipality</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Created</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a> (Ecclesiastic Parish) <br /> 1835 (Civil <i>Paróquia</i>) <br /> 1916 (<span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">Freguesia</i></span>)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Number</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">3,091</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Government</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt"><a href="/wiki/Junta_de_Freguesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Junta de Freguesia">Junta de Freguesia</a></i></span> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Assembleia_de_Freguesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Assembleia de Freguesia">Assembleia de Freguesia</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="adr"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Portugal" title="Politics of Portugal">Politics of Portugal</a></div></th></tr><tr><th><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Portugal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Coat of arms of Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Coat_of_arms_of_Portugal.svg/160px-Coat_of_arms_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="160" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Coat_of_arms_of_Portugal.svg/240px-Coat_of_arms_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Coat_of_arms_of_Portugal.svg/320px-Coat_of_arms_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="696" data-file-height="510" /></a></span></th></tr><tr><th style="border-bottom: #aaa 1px solid"></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Portugal" title="Constitution of Portugal">Constitution</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Portugal" title="Government of Portugal">Executive</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Portugal" title="President of Portugal">President</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Portugal" title="List of presidents of Portugal">list</a>) <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Marcelo_Rebelo_de_Sousa" title="Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa">Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Portugal" title="Prime Minister of Portugal">Prime Minister</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Portugal" title="List of prime ministers of Portugal">list</a>) <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_Montenegro" title="Luís Montenegro">Luís Montenegro</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_(Portugal)" title="Council of Ministers (Portugal)">Cabinet</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_the_Republic_(Portugal)" title="Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)">Legislature</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_the_Republic_(Portugal)" title="Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)">Assembly of the Republic</a> <dl><dd><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_Assembly_of_the_Republic_(Portugal)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Presidents of the Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)">President</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Pedro_Aguiar-Branco" title="José Pedro Aguiar-Branco">José Pedro Aguiar-Branco</a></div></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed plainlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Portugal" title="Judiciary of Portugal">Judiciary</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;;text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Court_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitutional Court of Portugal">Constitutional Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Justice_(Portugal)" title="Supreme Court of Justice (Portugal)">Supreme Court of Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_of_Auditors_(Portugal)" title="Court of Auditors (Portugal)">Court of Auditors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Administrative_Court_(Portugal)" title="Supreme Administrative Court (Portugal)">Supreme Administrative Court</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Portugal" title="Elections in Portugal">Elections</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li>Recent elections <dl><dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Presidential: <a href="/wiki/2016_Portuguese_presidential_election" title="2016 Portuguese presidential election">2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2021_Portuguese_presidential_election" title="2021 Portuguese presidential election">2021</a></li><li><i><a href="/wiki/2026_Portuguese_presidential_election" title="2026 Portuguese presidential election">2026</a></i></li></ul></div></dd> <dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Legislative:</li><li><a href="/wiki/2019_Portuguese_legislative_election" title="2019 Portuguese legislative election">2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2022_Portuguese_legislative_election" title="2022 Portuguese legislative election">2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2024_Portuguese_legislative_election" title="2024 Portuguese legislative election">2024</a></li></ul></div></dd> <dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Local: <a href="/wiki/2017_Portuguese_local_elections" title="2017 Portuguese local elections">2017</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2021_Portuguese_local_elections" title="2021 Portuguese local elections">2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2025_Portuguese_local_elections" title="2025 Portuguese local elections"><i>2025</i></a></li></ul></div></dd> <dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portugal_(European_Parliament_constituency)" title="Portugal (European Parliament constituency)">European</a>: <a href="/wiki/2014_European_Parliament_election_in_Portugal" title="2014 European Parliament election in Portugal">2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2019_European_Parliament_election_in_Portugal" title="2019 European Parliament election in Portugal">2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2024_European_Parliament_election_in_Portugal" title="2024 European Parliament election in Portugal">2024</a></li></ul></div></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Portugal" title="List of political parties in Portugal">Political parties</a> <dl><dd><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Portuguese_politicians" title="Category:Portuguese politicians">Politicians</a></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed plainlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Portugal" title="Administrative divisions of Portugal">Administrative divisions</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;;text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Portugal" title="Districts of Portugal">Districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Regions_of_Portugal" title="Autonomous Regions of Portugal">Autonomous regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Portugal" title="Municipalities of Portugal">Municipalities</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_of_Portugal" title="List of municipalities of Portugal">list</a>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Freguesias</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_parishes_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="List of parishes of Portugal">list</a>)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Portugal" title="Foreign relations of Portugal">Foreign relations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spain-Portugal_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Spain-Portugal relations">Spain-Portugal relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugal%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="Portugal–United Kingdom relations">Portugal–United Kingdom relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93Portugal_relations" title="France–Portugal relations">France–Portugal relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy%E2%80%93Portugal_relations" title="Italy–Portugal relations">Italy–Portugal relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil-Portugal_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Brazil-Portugal relations">Brazil-Portugal relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugal%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Portugal–United States relations">Portugal–United States relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Portugal_relations" title="China–Portugal relations">China–Portugal relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angola%E2%80%93Portugal_relations" title="Angola–Portugal relations">Angola–Portugal relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambique%E2%80%93Portugal_relations" title="Mozambique–Portugal relations">Mozambique–Portugal relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93Portugal_relations" title="Canada–Portugal relations">Canada–Portugal relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugal%E2%80%93Sweden_relations" title="Portugal–Sweden relations">Portugal–Sweden relations</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below hlist"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/16px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/24px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/32px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Portugal" title="Portal:Portugal">Portugal portal</a></span></li></ul> <div class="hlist" style="text-align:center;font-weight:normal;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_political_science#Politics_by_region" title="Outline of political science">Other countries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_Portugal" title="Template:Politics of Portugal"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_Portugal" title="Template talk:Politics of Portugal"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_Portugal" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of Portugal"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b><span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">Freguesia</i></span></b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Portuguese pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="pt-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Portuguese" title="Help:IPA/Portuguese">[fɾɛɣɨˈzi.ɐ]</a></span>), usually translated as "<a href="/wiki/Parish_(administrative_division)" title="Parish (administrative division)">parish</a>" or "civil parish", is the third-level <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Portugal" title="Administrative divisions of Portugal">administrative subdivision</a> of <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>, as defined by the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Portugal" title="Constitution of Portugal">1976 Constitution</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cons05_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cons05-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is also the designation for <a href="/wiki/Local_government" title="Local government">local government</a> jurisdictions in the former Portuguese overseas territories of <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Cape_Verde" title="Administrative divisions of Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a> and <a href="/wiki/Parishes_of_Macau" class="mw-redirect" title="Parishes of Macau">Macau</a> (until 2001). In the past, it was also an administrative division of the other Portuguese overseas territories. The <span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es"><a href="/wiki/Parroquia_(Spain)" title="Parroquia (Spain)">parroquia</a></i></span> in the Spanish autonomous communities of Galicia and Asturias is similar to a <span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">freguesia</i></span>. The average land area of a Portuguese parish is about 29.83 km<sup>2</sup> (11.52 sq mi) and an average population of about 3,386 people. The largest parish by area is Alcácer do Sal (Santa Maria do Castelo e Santiago) e Santa Susana, with a land area of 888.35 km<sup>2</sup> (342.99 sq mi), and the smallest parish by area is São Bartolomeu (Borba), with a land area of 0.208 km<sup>2</sup> (0.080 sq mi). The most populous parish is Algueirão - Mem Martins, with a population of 68,649 people and the least populous is Mosteiro, with a population of just nineteen people. </p><p>A <span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">freguesia</i></span> is a subdivision of a <i><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Portugal" title="Municipalities of Portugal">município</a></i> (municipality), which is a cluster of <span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">freguesias</i></span>, like a US <a href="/wiki/County" title="County">county</a>. Most often, a parish takes the name of its seat, which is usually the most important (or the single) human agglomeration within its area, which can be a neighbourhood or city district, a group of hamlets, a village, a town or an entire city. In cases where the seat is itself divided into more than one parish, each one takes the name of a landmark within its area or of the patron saint from the usually coterminous <a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a> parish (<span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">paróquia</i></span> in Portuguese). Be it a city district or village, the civil parish is often based on an ecclesiastical parish. </p><p>Since the creation of a democratic local administration, in 1976, the Portuguese parishes have been ruled by a system composed by an executive body (the <i><a href="/wiki/Junta_de_freguesia" title="Junta de freguesia">junta de freguesia</a></i>, "parish board/council") and a deliberative body (the <i><a href="/wiki/Assembleia_de_freguesia" title="Assembleia de freguesia">assembleia de freguesia</a></i>, "parish assembly"). The members of the <i>assembleia de freguesia</i> are publicly elected every four years. The presidents of the parish boards are also members of the <a href="/wiki/Assembleia_Municipal" title="Assembleia Municipal">municipal assembly</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cons05_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cons05-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Freguesia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The parish, in contrast with the municipalities, had their base in the ecclesiastical divisions that "had its origin in the fact that neighbours professed the same religion and professed their faith and divinity in the same temple".<sup id="cite_ref-ferreira_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ferreira-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">Freguesia</i></span>, the traditional Portuguese word for parish, had its beginning in the <i>filius ecclesiae</i> (child of the church) and <i>filius gregis</i> (child of the shepherds's flock), the collectivity of the religious faithful, with similar aspirations and interests.<sup id="cite_ref-ferreira_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ferreira-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between 1216 and 1223, <a href="/wiki/Afonso_II_of_Portugal" title="Afonso II of Portugal">Afonso II of Portugal</a> began a process of legitimizing the Portuguese territory by conferring charters to nobles, clergy and municipal chambers (which would not be completed until after 1249, under <a href="/wiki/Afonso_III_of_Portugal" title="Afonso III of Portugal">Afonso III of Portugal</a>), making the parish the smallest division. But, the power of the clergy built these areas, accumulating immense wealth and power. The liberal government of <a href="/wiki/Mouzinho_da_Silveira" title="Mouzinho da Silveira">Mouzinho da Silveira</a> abolished the parishes in 1832, but the government of <a href="/wiki/Manuel_da_Silva_Passos" class="mw-redirect" title="Manuel da Silva Passos">Manuel da Silva Passos</a> restored them in 1836.<sup id="cite_ref-ferreira_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ferreira-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">freguesia</i></span> began to refer to the civil/administrative entity, while the <i>paróquia</i> (<a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">parochia</i>) became affiliated with the religious entity. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Present_situation">Present situation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Freguesia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Present situation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Portugal">Portugal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Freguesia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Portugal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_freguesias_of_Portugal" title="List of freguesias of Portugal">List of freguesias of Portugal</a></div> <p>Before the 2013 local government reforms, the 308 municipalities were subdivided into 4,259 civil parishes.<sup id="cite_ref-greendoc_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-greendoc-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2011, after more than two weeks of bailout negotiations in light of the <a href="/wiki/Sovereign_debt_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="Sovereign debt crisis">sovereign debt crisis</a> with the <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a>, the <a href="/wiki/European_Central_Bank" title="European Central Bank">European Central Bank</a> and the <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a>, the Portuguese government was obliged to reduce the number of municipal and parish local governments after July 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-RTP110504_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RTP110504-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The government of <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Passos_Coelho" title="Pedro Passos Coelho">Pedro Passos Coelho</a> introduced a plan to reform the administrative divisions, claiming it would create efficiencies and save money. The plan envisioned the reform of the management, territorial geography and political form of how Portugal functioned at the local level, including specifically at the <span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">freguesia</i></span> and <i><a href="/wiki/Concelho" title="Concelho">concelho</a></i> levels.<sup id="cite_ref-greendoc_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-greendoc-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was determined that these changes would then be formalized before the 2013 local government elections, as part of a process to reduce expenditures, a condition of the $110 billion accord.<sup id="cite_ref-RTP110504_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RTP110504-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to the reduction of the number of representatives in the local boards, the plan also established criteria for the reduction, amalgamation or extinction of various civil parishes.<sup id="cite_ref-greendoc_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-greendoc-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The reform was implemented according to Law 11-A/2013 of 28 January 2013, which defined the reorganization of the civil parishes.<sup id="cite_ref-law11A_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-law11A-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This way, the number of parishes was reduced from 4,259 to 3,091. </p><p>Municipalities in Portugal are usually divided into multiple <i>freguesias</i>, but seven municipalities are not: <a href="/wiki/Alpiar%C3%A7a" title="Alpiarça">Alpiarça</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barrancos" title="Barrancos">Barrancos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Castanheira_de_Pera" title="Castanheira de Pera">Castanheira de Pera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Porto_Santo_Island" title="Porto Santo Island">Porto Santo</a>, <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Br%C3%A1s_de_Alportel" title="São Brás de Alportel">São Brás de Alportel</a> and <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Jo%C3%A3o_da_Madeira" title="São João da Madeira">São João da Madeira</a> all consist of a single civil parish, and <a href="/wiki/Vila_do_Corvo_(Azores)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vila do Corvo (Azores)">Corvo</a> is a special case of a municipality without civil parishes, where all usual parish duties and functions are performed by the municipality directly. <a href="/wiki/Barcelos_Municipality,_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Barcelos Municipality, Portugal">Barcelos</a> is the municipality with the most civil parishes (61, since 2013). </p><p>Portugal has no <a href="/wiki/Unincorporated_area" title="Unincorporated area">unincorporated areas</a>; all the national territory (apart from the above-mentioned example of Corvo) belongs to a civil parish, including uninhabited islands: <a href="/wiki/Selvagens_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Selvagens Islands">Selvagens Islands</a> to <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9_(Funchal)" title="Sé (Funchal)">Sé</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Berlengas" title="Berlengas">Berlengas</a> to <a href="/wiki/Peniche,_Portugal" title="Peniche, Portugal">Peniche</a>, <a href="/wiki/Desertas_Islands" title="Desertas Islands">Desertas Islands</a> to <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_(Madeira)" class="mw-redirect" title="Santa Cruz (Madeira)">Santa Cruz</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Formigas_Islets" class="mw-redirect" title="Formigas Islets">Formigas Islets</a> to <a href="/wiki/Vila_do_Porto_(parish)" title="Vila do Porto (parish)">Vila do Porto</a>, in the municipalities with the same name (except for Sé, which belongs to <a href="/wiki/Funchal" title="Funchal">Funchal</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cape_Verde">Cape Verde</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Freguesia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Cape Verde"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Of <a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a>'s 22 <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Cape_Verde" title="Administrative divisions of Cape Verde">municipalities</a>, which form the highest level of sub-national government in the small African state, some but not all are subdivided into parishes. There are 32 parishes in the country. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Macau">Macau</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Freguesia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Macau"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a> is an autonomous <a href="/wiki/Special_administrative_regions_of_China" title="Special administrative regions of China">special administrative region</a> in <a href="/wiki/Southern_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern China">Southern China</a> that was historically a part of the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Empire" title="Portuguese Empire">Portuguese Empire</a> until its <a href="/wiki/Transfer_of_sovereignty_over_Macau" class="mw-redirect" title="Transfer of sovereignty over Macau">handover to China</a> in 1999. During the period of Portuguese rule it was divided into two <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_and_parishes_of_Macau" title="Municipalities and parishes of Macau">municipalities</a> which were subdivided into a total of seven parishes. In 2001 the municipalities were dissolved and their administrative functions transferred to the <a href="/wiki/Municipal_Affairs_Bureau" title="Municipal Affairs Bureau">Municipal Affairs Bureau</a>. The parishes were legally retained but no longer serve an administrative function. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Freguesia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/COL-city_icon.png/28px-COL-city_icon.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/COL-city_icon.png/42px-COL-city_icon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/COL-city_icon.png/56px-COL-city_icon.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Cities" title="Portal:Cities">Cities portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/32px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/48px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/64px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Portugal" title="Portal:Portugal">Portugal portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_parishes_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="List of parishes of Portugal">List of parishes of Portugal</a> (<i>freguesias</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bairro" title="Bairro">Bairro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civic_and_Municipal_Affairs_Bureau" class="mw-redirect" title="Civic and Municipal Affairs Bureau">Civic and Municipal Affairs Bureau</a> – replaced the former municipal councils during <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Macau" title="Portuguese Macau">Portuguese rule</a> of <a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a>, but retain the <i>freguesias</i> model</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Freguesia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141022091934/http://app.parlamento.pt/site_antigo/ingles/cons_leg/Constitution_VII_revisao_definitive.pdf">"7th Constitutional Revision"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_the_Republic_(Portugal)" title="Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)">Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://app.parlamento.pt/site_antigo/ingles/cons_leg/Constitution_VII_revisao_definitive.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 22 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=7th+Constitutional+Revision&rft.pub=Assembly+of+the+Republic+%28Portugal%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fapp.parlamento.pt%2Fsite_antigo%2Fingles%2Fcons_leg%2FConstitution_VII_revisao_definitive.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreguesia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ferreira-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ferreira_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ferreira_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ferreira_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFerreira2005" class="citation thesis cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ferreira, José António Costa (2005). <i>O Poder Local e Regional na Assembleia Constituinte de 1975/76: As Regiões Adminsitrativas</i> (Master thesis) (in Portuguese). Universidade do Porto. pp. 20–27. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10216%2F19439">10216/19439</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=O+Poder+Local+e+Regional+na+Assembleia+Constituinte+de+1975%2F76%3A+As+Regi%C3%B5es+Adminsitrativas&rft.degree=Master&rft.inst=Universidade+do+Porto&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F10216%2F19439&rft.aulast=Ferreira&rft.aufirst=Jos%C3%A9+Ant%C3%B3nio+Costa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreguesia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-greendoc-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-greendoc_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-greendoc_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-greendoc_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGabinete_do_Ministro_Adjunto_e_dos_Assuntos_Parlamentares2011" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Gabinete do Ministro Adjunto e dos Assuntos Parlamentares, ed. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120524112836/http://www.portugal.gov.pt/media/132774/doc_verde_ref_adm_local.pdf">"Documento Verde da Reforma da Administração Local"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Portuguese). Lisbon, Portugal: Governo da República. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.portugal.gov.pt/media/132774/doc_verde_ref_adm_local.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on May 24, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Documento+Verde+da+Reforma+da+Administra%C3%A7%C3%A3o+Local&rft.place=Lisbon%2C+Portugal&rft.pub=Governo+da+Rep%C3%BAblica&rft.date=2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.portugal.gov.pt%2Fmedia%2F132774%2Fdoc_verde_ref_adm_local.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreguesia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120316020236/http://www.igeo.pt/produtos/cadastro/caop/download/Dados_CAOP2011.pdf">Data of the Official Administrative Charter of Portugal, 2011</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RTP110504-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RTP110504_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RTP110504_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111002181528/http://tv1.rtp.pt/noticias/index.php?t=Governo-e-troika-acordam-reduzir-numero-de-camaras-e-freguesias.rtp&article=438751&layout=10&visual=3&tm=6">"Governo e 'troika' acordam reduzir número de câmaras e freguesias"</a> (in Portuguese). Lisbon, Portugal: RTP Online. 4 May 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tv1.rtp.pt/noticias/index.php?t=Governo-e-troika-acordam-reduzir-numero-de-camaras-e-freguesias.rtp&article=438751&layout=10&visual=3&tm=6">the original</a> on October 2, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 May</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Governo+e+%27troika%27+acordam+reduzir+n%C3%BAmero+de+c%C3%A2maras+e+freguesias&rft.place=Lisbon%2C+Portugal&rft.pub=RTP+Online&rft.date=2011-05-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftv1.rtp.pt%2Fnoticias%2Findex.php%3Ft%3DGoverno-e-troika-acordam-reduzir-numero-de-camaras-e-freguesias.rtp%26article%3D438751%26layout%3D10%26visual%3D3%26tm%3D6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreguesia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-law11A-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-law11A_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/2013/01/01901/0000200147.pdf">"Law nr. 11-A/2013"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Di%C3%A1rio_da_Rep%C3%BAblica" title="Diário da República">Diário da República</a></i> (in Portuguese). <a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_the_Republic_(Portugal)" title="Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)">Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Di%C3%A1rio+da+Rep%C3%BAblica&rft.atitle=Law+nr.+11-A%2F2013&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdre.pt%2Fpdf1sdip%2F2013%2F01%2F01901%2F0000200147.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreguesia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Freguesia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrancisco_Cardoso_de_Azevedo1901" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Francisco Cardoso de Azevedo (1901). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AE2TeYmBVqYC"><i>Lista alphabetica das freguezias do continente do Reino e ilhas adjacentes</i></a> (in Portuguese). Lisbon: Impresna Lucas.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lista+alphabetica+das+freguezias+do+continente+do+Reino+e+ilhas+adjacentes&rft.place=Lisbon&rft.pub=Impresna+Lucas&rft.date=1901&rft.au=Francisco+Cardoso+de+Azevedo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAE2TeYmBVqYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFreguesia" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output 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