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href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Прекурсор – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Прекурсор" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prekursor_(hemija)" title="Prekursor (hemija) – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Prekursor (hemija)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precursor_(qu%C3%ADmica)" title="Precursor (química) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Precursor (química)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prekurzor_(chemie)" title="Prekurzor (chemie) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Prekurzor (chemie)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Udgangsstof" title="Udgangsstof – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Udgangsstof" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A4kursor" title="Präkursor – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Präkursor" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prekursor" title="Prekursor – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Prekursor" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precursor_qu%C3%ADmico" title="Precursor químico – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Precursor químico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prekursoro" title="Prekursoro – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Prekursoro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B4%E2%80%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87" title="پیش‌ماده – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پیش‌ماده" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A9curseur_(chimie)" title="Précurseur (chimie) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Précurseur (chimie)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precursor_qu%C3%ADmico" title="Precursor químico – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Precursor químico" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EA%B5%AC%EC%B2%B4" title="전구체 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="전구체" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prekursor_(kimia)" title="Prekursor (kimia) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Prekursor (kimia)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precursore_chimico" title="Precursore chimico – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Precursore chimico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93%D7%9E%D7%9F_(%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%94)" title="קודמן (כימיה) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קודמן (כימיה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Прекурсор – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Прекурсор" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirmtakas" title="Pirmtakas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pirmtakas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prekurzor" title="Prekurzor – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Prekurzor" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precursor" title="Precursor – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Precursor" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E9%A7%86%E4%BD%93" title="前駆体 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="前駆体" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precursor_(qu%C3%ADmica)" title="Precursor (química) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Precursor (química)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precursor_(chimie)" title="Precursor (chimie) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Precursor (chimie)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Прекурсор – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Прекурсор" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prekurzor" title="Prekurzor – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Prekurzor" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prekursor" title="Prekursor – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Prekursor" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prekurzor_(hemija)" title="Prekurzor (hemija) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Prekurzor (hemija)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prekursor" title="Prekursor – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Prekursor" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prekursor_(kemika)" title="Prekursor (kemika) – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Prekursor (kemika)" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="முன்னோடிச் சேர்மம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="முன்னோடிச் சேர்மம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99" title="ตัวตั้งต้น – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ตัวตั้งต้น" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96nc%C3%BCl_(kimya)" title="Öncül (kimya) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Öncül (kimya)" 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(biochemistry)</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Precursor_(chemistry)" title="Special:EditPage/Precursor (chemistry)">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Precursor%22+chemistry">"Precursor" chemistry</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Precursor%22+chemistry+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Precursor%22+chemistry&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Precursor%22+chemistry+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Precursor%22+chemistry">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Precursor%22+chemistry&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Compound that participates in a chemical reaction that produces another compound</div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Chemistry" title="Chemistry">chemistry</a>, a <b>precursor</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Chemical_compound" title="Chemical compound">compound</a> that participates in a <a href="/wiki/Chemical_reaction" title="Chemical reaction">chemical reaction</a> that produces another compound. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Biochemistry" title="Biochemistry">biochemistry</a>, the term "precursor" often refers more specifically to a chemical compound preceding another in a <a href="/wiki/Metabolic_pathway" title="Metabolic pathway">metabolic pathway</a>, such as a <a href="/wiki/Protein_precursor" title="Protein precursor">protein precursor</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Illicit_drug_precursors">Illicit drug precursors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Precursor_(chemistry)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Illicit drug precursors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Drug_precursor" class="mw-redirect" title="Drug precursor">Drug precursor</a></div> <p>In 1988, the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Convention_Against_Illicit_Traffic_in_Narcotic_Drugs_and_Psychotropic_Substances" title="United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances">United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances</a> introduced detailed provisions and requirements relating the control of precursors used to produce drugs of abuse. </p><p>In Europe the Regulation (EC) No. 273/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council on drug precursors was adopted on 11 February 2004. (<a href="/wiki/European_law_on_drug_precursors" title="European law on drug precursors">European law on drug precursors</a>) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Illicit_explosives_precursors">Illicit explosives precursors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Precursor_(chemistry)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Illicit explosives precursors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On January 15, 2013, the Regulation (EU) No. 98/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the marketing and use of explosives precursors was adopted. The Regulation harmonises rules across Europe on the making available, introduction, possession and use, of certain substances or mixtures that could be misused for the illicit manufacture of explosives.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Detection">Detection</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Precursor_(chemistry)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Detection"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A portable, advanced sensor based on <a href="/wiki/Infrared_spectroscopy" title="Infrared spectroscopy">infrared spectroscopy</a> in a hollow fiber matched to a silicon-micromachined fast gas chromatography column can analyze illegal stimulants and precursors with nanogram-level sensitivity.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Raman_spectroscopy" title="Raman spectroscopy">Raman spectroscopy</a> has been successfully tested to detect explosives and their precursors.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Technologies able to detect precursors in the environment could contribute to an early location of sites where illegal substances (both explosives and drugs of abuse) are produced.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Precursor_(chemistry)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Binary_chemical_weapon" title="Binary chemical weapon">Binary chemical weapon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemical_synthesis" title="Chemical synthesis">Chemical synthesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DEA_list_of_chemicals" title="DEA list of chemicals">DEA list of chemicals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derivative_(chemistry)" title="Derivative (chemistry)">Derivative (chemistry)</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/educt" class="extiw" title="wikt:educt">Educt</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Reagent" title="Reagent">reagent</a> or reactant</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metabolism#Anabolism" title="Metabolism">Metabolism#Anabolism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monoamine_precursor" title="Monoamine precursor">Monoamine precursor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prodrug" title="Prodrug">Prodrug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protein_precursor" title="Protein precursor">Protein precursor</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Precursor_(chemistry)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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.cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2013.039.01.0001.01.ENG">"Regulation (EU) No 98/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 January 2013 on the marketing and use of explosives precursors Text with EEA relevance"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170913183932/http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2013.039.01.0001.01.ENG">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-09-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-09-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Regulation+%28EU%29+No+98%2F2013+of+the+European+Parliament+and+of+the+Council+of+15+January+2013+on+the+marketing+and+use+of+explosives+precursors+Text+with+EEA+relevance&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feur-lex.europa.eu%2Flegal-content%2FEN%2FTXT%2F%3Furi%3Duriserv%3AOJ.L_.2013.039.01.0001.01.ENG&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrecursor+%28chemistry%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFS._MengaliD._LucianiR._ViolaN._Liberatore2013" class="citation web cs1">S. Mengali; D. Luciani; R. Viola; N. Liberatore; S. Zampolli; I. Elmi; G. Cardinali; A. Poggi; E. Dalcanale; E. Biavardi; P. Esseiva; O. 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Romolo (30 January 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://spie.org/news/4682-toward-street-detection-of-amphetamines">"Toward street detection of amphetamines"</a>. <i>SPIE Newsroom</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170819145142/http://www.fp7-dirac.eu/allegati/004682_10a.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-08-19.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SPIE+Newsroom&rft.atitle=Toward+street+detection+of+amphetamines&rft.date=2013-01-30&rft.au=S.+Mengali&rft.au=D.+Luciani&rft.au=R.+Viola&rft.au=N.+Liberatore&rft.au=S.+Zampolli&rft.au=I.+Elmi&rft.au=G.+Cardinali&rft.au=A.+Poggi&rft.au=E.+Dalcanale&rft.au=E.+Biavardi&rft.au=P.+Esseiva&rft.au=O.+Delemont&rft.au=F.+Bonadio&rft.au=F.S.+Romolo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fspie.org%2Fnews%2F4682-toward-street-detection-of-amphetamines&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrecursor+%28chemistry%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Trace detection of explosives and their precursors by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy. S. Almaviva, S. Botti, L. Cantarini, A. Palucci, A. Puiu, A. Rufoloni, L. Landstrom, F.S. Romolo. Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, Article number 854602, Optics and Photonics for Counterterrorism, Crime Fighting, and Defence VIII; Edinburgh; United Kingdom (2012) Code 96354.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDesmetDegiuliFerrariRomolo2017" class="citation journal cs1">Desmet, Cloé; Degiuli, Agnes; Ferrari, Carlotta; Romolo, Francesco; Blum, Loïc; Marquette, Christophe (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fchalle8010010">"Electrochemical Sensor for Explosives Precursors' Detection in Water"</a>. <i>Challenges</i>. <b>8</b>: 10. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fchalle8010010">10.3390/challe8010010</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10446%2F137736">10446/137736</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Challenges&rft.atitle=Electrochemical+Sensor+for+Explosives+Precursors%27+Detection+in+Water&rft.volume=8&rft.pages=10&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F10446%2F137736&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3390%2Fchalle8010010&rft.aulast=Desmet&rft.aufirst=Clo%C3%A9&rft.au=Degiuli%2C+Agnes&rft.au=Ferrari%2C+Carlotta&rft.au=Romolo%2C+Francesco&rft.au=Blum%2C+Lo%C3%AFc&rft.au=Marquette%2C+Christophe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.3390%252Fchalle8010010&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrecursor+%28chemistry%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFerrariUlriciRomolo2017" class="citation journal cs1">Ferrari, Carlotta; Ulrici, Alessandro; Romolo, Francesco (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fchalle8010001">"Expert System for Bomb Factory Detection by Networks of Advance Sensors"</a>. <i>Challenges</i>. <b>8</b>: 1. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3390%2Fchalle8010001">10.3390/challe8010001</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10446%2F137738">10446/137738</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Challenges&rft.atitle=Expert+System+for+Bomb+Factory+Detection+by+Networks+of+Advance+Sensors&rft.volume=8&rft.pages=1&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F10446%2F137738&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3390%2Fchalle8010001&rft.aulast=Ferrari&rft.aufirst=Carlotta&rft.au=Ulrici%2C+Alessandro&rft.au=Romolo%2C+Francesco&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.3390%252Fchalle8010001&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrecursor+%28chemistry%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRomoloConnellFerrariSuarez2016" class="citation journal cs1">Romolo, Francesco Saverio; Connell, Samantha; Ferrari, Carlotta; Suarez, Guillaume; Sauvain, Jean-Jacques; Hopf, Nancy B. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://serval.unil.ch/resource/serval:BIB_C72D37173574.P001/REF.pdf">"Locating bomb factories by detecting hydrogen peroxide"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Talanta</i>. <b>160</b>: 15–20. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.talanta.2016.06.033">10.1016/j.talanta.2016.06.033</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27591582">27591582</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Talanta&rft.atitle=Locating+bomb+factories+by+detecting+hydrogen+peroxide&rft.volume=160&rft.pages=15-20&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.talanta.2016.06.033&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F27591582&rft.aulast=Romolo&rft.aufirst=Francesco+Saverio&rft.au=Connell%2C+Samantha&rft.au=Ferrari%2C+Carlotta&rft.au=Suarez%2C+Guillaume&rft.au=Sauvain%2C+Jean-Jacques&rft.au=Hopf%2C+Nancy+B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fserval.unil.ch%2Fresource%2Fserval%3ABIB_C72D37173574.P001%2FREF.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrecursor+%28chemistry%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Precursor_(chemistry)&oldid=1243663894">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Precursor_(chemistry)&oldid=1243663894</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Biochemical_reactions" title="Category:Biochemical reactions">Biochemical reactions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chemical_synthesis" title="Category:Chemical synthesis">Chemical synthesis</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Metabolism" title="Category:Metabolism">Metabolism</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_September_2024" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from September 2024">Articles needing additional references from September 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 2 September 2024, at 19:16<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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