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mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoreOS" title="CoreOS – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="CoreOS" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/CoreOS" title="CoreOS – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="CoreOS" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Core_OS" title="Core OS – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Core OS" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Container_Linux" title="Container Linux – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Container Linux" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="کوراواس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کوراواس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Container_Linux" title="Container Linux – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Container Linux" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Linux distribution</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"CoreOS" redirects here. For its successor, Fedora CoreOS, see <a href="/wiki/Fedora_Linux" title="Fedora Linux">Fedora Linux</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Linux distribution</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">Container Linux</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Container_Linux_Logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Container Linux logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Container_Linux_Logo.png/220px-Container_Linux_Logo.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Container_Linux_Logo.png/330px-Container_Linux_Logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Container_Linux_Logo.png/440px-Container_Linux_Logo.png 2x" data-file-width="579" data-file-height="172" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer</a></th><td class="infobox-data">CoreOS team, <a href="/wiki/Red_Hat" title="Red Hat">Red Hat</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">OS family</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> (based on <a href="/wiki/Gentoo_Linux" title="Gentoo Linux">Gentoo Linux</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Working state</th><td class="infobox-data">Discontinued<sup id="cite_ref-eol_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eol-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Source model</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">Open source</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data">October 3, 2013<span class="noprint">; 11 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2013-10-03</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Latest release</a></th><td class="infobox-data">2512.3.0<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> / May 22, 2020<span class="noprint">; 4 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2020-05-22</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Latest preview</a></th><td class="infobox-data">2513.2.0<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>(Beta) / May 22, 2020<span class="noprint">; 4 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2020-05-22</span>)</span><br />2514.1.0<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>(Alpha) / May 22, 2020<span class="noprint">; 4 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2020-05-22</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Marketing target</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Server_(computing)" title="Server (computing)">Servers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Computer_cluster" title="Computer cluster">clusters</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Platforms</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/X86-64" title="X86-64">x86-64</a><sup id="cite_ref-theplatform-201502_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theplatform-201502-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kernel_(operating_system)" title="Kernel (operating system)">Kernel</a> type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Monolithic_kernel" title="Monolithic kernel">Monolithic</a> (<a href="/wiki/Linux_kernel" title="Linux kernel">Linux kernel</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Apache_License_2.0" class="mw-redirect" title="Apache License 2.0">Apache License 2.0</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-license-etcd_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-license-etcd-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Fedora CoreOS<br />RHEL CoreOS<br />Flatcar Container Linux</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Official website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://coreos.com">coreos<wbr />.com</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Container Linux</b> (formerly <b>CoreOS Linux</b>) is a discontinued <a href="/wiki/Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">open-source</a> lightweight <a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">operating system</a> based on the <a href="/wiki/Linux_kernel" title="Linux kernel">Linux kernel</a> and designed for providing infrastructure for <a href="/wiki/Computer_cluster" title="Computer cluster">clustered</a> deployments. One of its focuses was <a href="/wiki/Scalability" title="Scalability">scalability</a>. As an operating system, Container Linux provided only the minimal functionality required for deploying applications inside <a href="/wiki/Software_container" class="mw-redirect" title="Software container">software containers</a>, together with built-in mechanisms for <a href="/wiki/Service_discovery" title="Service discovery">service discovery</a> and configuration sharing.<sup id="cite_ref-container-linux-rename_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-container-linux-rename-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-linux.com-737364_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-linux.com-737364-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-wired-201308_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wired-201308-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-itnews2day_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-itnews2day-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-coreos-using_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coreos-using-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Container Linux shares foundations with <a href="/wiki/Gentoo_Linux" title="Gentoo Linux">Gentoo Linux</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-coreos-sdk-building_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coreos-sdk-building-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gentoo-based_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gentoo-based-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/ChromeOS" title="ChromeOS">ChromeOS</a>, and <a href="/wiki/ChromiumOS" title="ChromiumOS">ChromiumOS</a> through a common <a href="/wiki/Software_development_kit" title="Software development kit">software development kit</a> (SDK). Container Linux adds new functionality and customization to this shared foundation to support server hardware and use cases.<sup id="cite_ref-itnews2day_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-itnews2day-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 7:02">: 7:02 </span></sup> CoreOS was developed primarily by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alex_Polvi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alex Polvi (page does not exist)">Alex Polvi</a>, Brandon Philips, and Michael Marineau,<sup id="cite_ref-wired-201308_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wired-201308-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with its major features available as a <a href="/wiki/Stable_release" class="mw-redirect" title="Stable release">stable release</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The CoreOS team announced the <a href="/wiki/End-of-life_(product)" class="mw-redirect" title="End-of-life (product)">end-of-life</a> for Container Linux on May 26, 2020,<sup id="cite_ref-eol_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eol-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> offering <a href="/wiki/Fedora_(operating_system)#CoreOS" class="mw-redirect" title="Fedora (operating system)">Fedora CoreOS</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and RHEL CoreOS as its replacement, both based on <a href="/wiki/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux" title="Red Hat Enterprise Linux">Red Hat Enterprise Linux</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview"><span class="anchor" id="ROCKET"></span><span class="anchor" id="APPC"></span><span class="anchor" id="ACI"></span><span class="anchor" id="OCP"></span><span class="anchor" id="OCI"></span><span class="anchor" id="RKT"></span>Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Container_Linux&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Container Linux provides no <a href="/wiki/Package_manager" title="Package manager">package manager</a> as a way for distributing payload applications, requiring instead all applications to run inside their containers. Serving as a single control host, a Container Linux instance uses the underlying <a href="/wiki/Operating-system-level_virtualization" class="mw-redirect" title="Operating-system-level virtualization">operating-system-level virtualization</a> features of the Linux kernel to create and configure multiple containers that perform as isolated <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> systems. That way, <a href="/wiki/Resource_(computer_science)" class="mw-redirect" title="Resource (computer science)">resource</a> partitioning between containers is performed through multiple isolated <a href="/wiki/Userspace" class="mw-redirect" title="Userspace">userspace</a> instances, instead of using a <a href="/wiki/Hypervisor" title="Hypervisor">hypervisor</a> and providing full-fledged <a href="/wiki/Virtual_machine" title="Virtual machine">virtual machines</a>. This approach relies on the Linux kernel's <a href="/wiki/Cgroups" title="Cgroups">cgroups</a> and <a href="/wiki/Linux_namespaces" title="Linux namespaces">namespaces</a> functionalities,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which together provide abilities to limit, account and isolate resource usage (<a href="/wiki/CPU" class="mw-redirect" title="CPU">CPU</a>, memory, disk <a href="/wiki/I/O" class="mw-redirect" title="I/O">I/O</a>, etc.) for the collections of userspace <a href="/wiki/Process_(computing)" title="Process (computing)">processes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-linux.com-737364_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-linux.com-737364-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-coreos-using_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coreos-using-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-coreos-containers_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coreos-containers-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Initially, Container Linux exclusively used <a href="/wiki/Docker_(software)" title="Docker (software)">Docker</a> as a component providing an additional layer of abstraction and <a href="/wiki/Interface_(computing)" title="Interface (computing)">interface</a><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to the operating-system-level virtualization features of the Linux kernel, as well as providing a standardized format for containers that allows applications to run in different environments.<sup id="cite_ref-linux.com-737364_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-linux.com-737364-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-coreos-containers_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coreos-containers-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2014, CoreOS released and started to support <i>rkt</i> (initially released as <i>Rocket</i>) as an alternative to Docker, providing through it another standardized format of the application-container images, the related definition of the container <a href="/wiki/Runtime_environment" class="mw-redirect" title="Runtime environment">runtime environment</a>, and a <a href="/wiki/Communications_protocol" class="mw-redirect" title="Communications protocol">protocol</a> for discovering and retrieving container images.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lwn-631630_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lwn-631630-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> CoreOS provides rkt as an implementation of the so-called <i>app container</i> (appc) specification that describes the required properties of the <i>application container image</i> (ACI). CoreOS created appc and ACI as an independent committee-steered set of specifications<sup id="cite_ref-lwn-644089_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lwn-644089-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> aimed to become part of the vendor- and operating-system-independent <i>Open Container Initiative,</i> or OCI, initially named the <i>Open Container Project</i> (OCP) containerization standard,<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was announced<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (January 2017)">by whom?</span></a></i>]</sup> in June 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Container Linux uses <a href="/wiki/Ebuild" class="mw-redirect" title="Ebuild">ebuild</a> scripts from Gentoo Linux for automated <a href="/wiki/Compiler" title="Compiler">compilation</a> of its system components,<sup id="cite_ref-coreos-sdk-building_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coreos-sdk-building-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gentoo-based_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gentoo-based-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and uses <a href="/wiki/Systemd" title="Systemd">systemd</a> as its primary <a href="/wiki/Init" title="Init">init</a> system, with tight integration between systemd and various Container Linux's internal mechanisms.<sup id="cite_ref-linux.com-737364_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-linux.com-737364-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Updates_distribution"><span class="anchor" id="FASTPATCH"></span><span class="anchor" id="GOOGLE-OMAHA"></span><span class="anchor" id="COREUPDATE"></span><span class="anchor" id="LOCKSMITH"></span>Updates distribution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Container_Linux&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Updates distribution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Container Linux achieves additional security and reliability of its operating system <a href="/wiki/Software_update" class="mw-redirect" title="Software update">updates</a> by employing <i>FastPatch</i> as a dual-partition scheme for the read-only part of its installation, meaning that the updates are performed as a whole and installed onto a passive secondary boot <a href="/wiki/Disk_partition" class="mw-redirect" title="Disk partition">partition</a> that becomes active upon a reboot or <a href="/wiki/Kexec" title="Kexec">kexec</a>. This approach avoids possible issues arising from updating only certain parts of the operating system, ensures easy rollbacks to a known-to-be-stable version of the operating system, and allows each boot partition to be <a href="/wiki/Digital_signature" title="Digital signature">signed</a> for additional security.<sup id="cite_ref-linux.com-737364_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-linux.com-737364-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-coreos-using_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coreos-using-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-coreos-updates_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coreos-updates-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The root partition and its <a href="/wiki/Root_file_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Root file system">root file system</a> are automatically resized to fill all available disk-space upon reboots; while the root partition provides read-write storage space, the operating system itself is <a href="/wiki/Mount_(computing)" title="Mount (computing)">mounted</a> read-only under <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049734">.mw-parser-output .monospaced{font-family:monospace,monospace}</style><span class="monospaced">/usr</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-activestate_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-activestate-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To ensure that only a certain part of the <a href="/wiki/Computer_cluster" title="Computer cluster">cluster</a> reboots at once when the operating system updates are applied, preserving the resources required for running deployed applications, CoreOS provides <i>locksmith</i> as a <a href="/wiki/Reboot_(computing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Reboot (computing)">reboot</a> manager for Container Linux.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Using locksmith, one can select between different update strategies that are determined by how the reboots are performed as the last step in applying updates; for example, one can configure how many cluster members are allowed to reboot simultaneously. Internally, locksmith operates as the <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">locksmithd</span> <a href="/wiki/Daemon_(computing)" title="Daemon (computing)">daemon</a> that runs on cluster members, while the <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">locksmithctl</span> <a href="/wiki/Command-line_utility" class="mw-redirect" title="Command-line utility">command-line utility</a> manages configuration parameters.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Locksmith is written in the <a href="/wiki/Go_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Go language">Go language</a> and distributed under the terms of the <a href="/wiki/Apache_License_2.0" class="mw-redirect" title="Apache License 2.0">Apache License 2.0</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The updates distribution system employed by Container Linux is based on <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a>'s open-source <i>Omaha</i> project, which provides a mechanism for rolling out updates and the underlying <a href="/wiki/Request%E2%80%93response" title="Request–response">request–response</a> protocol based on <a href="/wiki/XML" title="XML">XML</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-theplatform-201502_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theplatform-201502-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, CoreOS provides <i>CoreUpdate</i> as a web-based <a href="/wiki/Dashboard_(management_information_systems)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dashboard (management information systems)">dashboard</a> for the management of cluster-wide updates. Operations available through CoreUpdate include assigning cluster members to different groups that share customized update policies, reviewing cluster-wide breakdowns of Container Linux versions, stopping and restarting updates, and reviewing recorded update logs. CoreUpdate also provides an <a href="/wiki/HTTP" title="HTTP">HTTP</a>-based <a href="/wiki/API" title="API">API</a> that allows its integration into third-party utilities or <a href="/wiki/Deployment_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Deployment system">deployment systems</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-coreos-updates_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coreos-updates-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cluster_infrastructure"><span class="anchor" id="ETCD"></span><span class="anchor" id="ETCDCTL"></span><span class="anchor" id="FLEET"></span><span class="anchor" id="FLEETD"></span><span class="anchor" id="FLEETCTL"></span>Cluster infrastructure</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Container_Linux&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Cluster infrastructure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CoreOS_Architecture_Diagram.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/CoreOS_Architecture_Diagram.svg/480px-CoreOS_Architecture_Diagram.svg.png" decoding="async" width="480" height="368" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/CoreOS_Architecture_Diagram.svg/720px-CoreOS_Architecture_Diagram.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/CoreOS_Architecture_Diagram.svg/960px-CoreOS_Architecture_Diagram.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="393" /></a><figcaption>A high-level illustration of the CoreOS cluster architecture<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Container Linux provides etcd, a daemon that runs across all computers in a cluster and provides a dynamic configuration registry, allowing various configuration data to be easily and reliably shared between the cluster members.<sup id="cite_ref-theplatform-201502_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theplatform-201502-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-activestate_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-activestate-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since the <a href="/wiki/Key%E2%80%93value_data" class="mw-redirect" title="Key–value data">key–value data</a> stored within <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">etcd</span> is automatically <a href="/wiki/Distributed_computing" title="Distributed computing">distributed</a> and <a href="/wiki/Replication_(computing)" title="Replication (computing)">replicated</a> with automated <a href="/wiki/Master_election" class="mw-redirect" title="Master election">master election</a> and <a href="/wiki/Consensus_(computer_science)" title="Consensus (computer science)">consensus</a> establishment using the <a href="/wiki/Raft_(computer_science)" class="mw-redirect" title="Raft (computer science)">Raft</a> algorithm, all changes in stored data are reflected across the entire cluster, while the achieved <a href="/wiki/Redundancy_(engineering)" title="Redundancy (engineering)">redundancy</a> prevents failures of single cluster members from causing data loss.<sup id="cite_ref-lwn-631630_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lwn-631630-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lwn-617452_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lwn-617452-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Beside the configuration management, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">etcd</span> also provides <a href="/wiki/Service_discovery" title="Service discovery">service discovery</a> by allowing deployed applications to announce themselves and the services they offer. Communication with <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">etcd</span> is performed through an exposed <a href="/wiki/REST" title="REST">REST</a>-based API, which internally uses <a href="/wiki/JSON" title="JSON">JSON</a> on top of HTTP; the API may be used directly (through <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced"><a href="/wiki/CURL" title="CURL">curl</a></span> or <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced"><a href="/wiki/Wget" title="Wget">wget</a></span>, for example), or indirectly through <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">etcdctl</span>, which is a specialized command-line utility also supplied by CoreOS.<sup id="cite_ref-linux.com-737364_11-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-linux.com-737364-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-coreos-using_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coreos-using-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> etcd is also used in <a href="/wiki/Kubernetes" title="Kubernetes">Kubernetes</a> software. </p><p>Container Linux also provides the <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">fleet</span> cluster manager, which controls Container Linux's separate systemd instances at the cluster level. As of 2017, "fleet" is no longer actively developed and is deprecated in favor of Kubernetes.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By using <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">fleetd</span>, Container Linux creates a distributed <a href="/wiki/Init" title="Init">init system</a> that ties together separate systemd instances and a cluster-wide <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">etcd</span> deployment;<sup id="cite_ref-lwn-617452_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lwn-617452-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> internally, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">fleetd</span> daemon communicates with local <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">systemd</span> instances over <a href="/wiki/D-Bus" title="D-Bus">D-Bus</a>, and with the <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">etcd</span> deployment through its exposed API. Using <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">fleetd</span> allows the deployment of single or multiple <a href="/wiki/Software_container" class="mw-redirect" title="Software container">containers</a> cluster-wide, with more advanced options including <a href="/wiki/Redundancy_(engineering)" title="Redundancy (engineering)">redundancy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Failover" title="Failover">failover</a>, deployment to specific cluster members, dependencies between containers, and grouped deployment of containers. A command-line utility called <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">fleetctl</span> is used to configure and monitor this distributed init system;<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> internally, it communicates with the <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">fleetd</span> daemon using a JSON-based API on top of HTTP, which may also be used directly. When used locally on a cluster member, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">fleetctl</span> communicates with the local <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">fleetd</span> instance over a <a href="/wiki/Unix_domain_socket" title="Unix domain socket">Unix domain socket</a>; when used from an external host, <a href="/wiki/SSH_tunnel" class="mw-redirect" title="SSH tunnel">SSH tunneling</a> is used with authentication provided through <a href="/wiki/Public_SSH_key" class="mw-redirect" title="Public SSH key">public SSH keys</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>All of the above-mentioned daemons and command-line utilities (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">etcd</span>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">etcdctl</span>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">fleetd</span> and <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">fleetctl</span>) are written in the Go language and distributed under the terms of the Apache License 2.0.<sup id="cite_ref-license-etcd_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-license-etcd-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deployment"><span class="anchor" id="TECTONIC"></span><span class="anchor" id="FLANNEL"></span>Deployment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Container_Linux&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Deployment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When running on dedicated hardware, Container Linux can be either permanently installed on local storage, such as a <a href="/wiki/Hard_disk_drive" title="Hard disk drive">hard disk drive</a> (HDD) or <a href="/wiki/Solid-state_drive" title="Solid-state drive">solid-state drive</a> (SSD),<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or booted remotely <a href="/wiki/Network_booting" title="Network booting">over a network</a> using <a href="/wiki/Preboot_Execution_Environment" title="Preboot Execution Environment">Preboot Execution Environment</a> (PXE) in general, or <a href="/wiki/IPXE" title="IPXE">iPXE</a> as one of its implementations.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> CoreOS also supports deployments on various <a href="/wiki/Hardware_virtualization" title="Hardware virtualization">hardware virtualization</a> platforms, including <a href="/wiki/Amazon_Elastic_Compute_Cloud" title="Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud">Amazon EC2</a>, <a href="/wiki/DigitalOcean" title="DigitalOcean">DigitalOcean</a>, <a href="/wiki/Google_Compute_Engine" title="Google Compute Engine">Google Compute Engine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Azure" title="Microsoft Azure">Microsoft Azure</a>, <a href="/wiki/OpenStack" title="OpenStack">OpenStack</a>, <a href="/wiki/QEMU" title="QEMU">QEMU</a>/<a href="/wiki/Kernel-based_Virtual_Machine" title="Kernel-based Virtual Machine">KVM</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vagrant_(software)" title="Vagrant (software)">Vagrant</a> and <a href="/wiki/VMware" title="VMware">VMware</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-coreos-using_14-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-coreos-using-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Container Linux may also be installed on Citrix XenServer, noting that a "template" for CoreOS exists. </p><p>Container Linux can also be deployed through its commercial distribution called <i>Tectonic</i>, which additionally integrates Google's <a href="/wiki/Kubernetes" title="Kubernetes">Kubernetes</a> as a cluster management utility. As of April 2015<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Container_Linux&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, Tectonic is planned to be offered as <a href="/wiki/Beta_software" class="mw-redirect" title="Beta software">beta software</a> to select customers.<sup id="cite_ref-lwn-644089_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lwn-644089-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furthermore, CoreOS provides <i>Flannel</i> as a component, implementing an <a href="/wiki/Overlay_network" title="Overlay network">overlay network</a> required primarily for the integration with Kubernetes.<sup id="cite_ref-lwn-644089_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lwn-644089-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of February 2015<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Container_Linux&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, Container Linux supports only the <a href="/wiki/X86-64" title="X86-64">x86-64</a> architecture.<sup id="cite_ref-theplatform-201502_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-theplatform-201502-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Derivatives"><span class="anchor" id="Derivatives"></span>Derivatives</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Container_Linux&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Derivatives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following its acquisition of CoreOS, Inc.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in January 2018, Red Hat announced<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that it would be merging CoreOS Container Linux with Red Hat's Project Atomic to create a new operating system, Red Hat CoreOS, while aligning the upstream Fedora Project open source community around Fedora CoreOS, combining technologies from both predecessors. </p><p>On March 6, 2018, Kinvolk GmbH announced<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flatcar-linux.org/">Flatcar Container Linux</a>, a derivative of CoreOS Container Linux. This tracks the upstream CoreOS alpha, beta, and stable channel releases, with an experimental Edge release channel added in May 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Container_Linux&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/LWN.net" title="LWN.net">LWN.net</a> reviewed CoreOS in 2014:<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>For those who are putting together large, distributed systems—web applications being a prime example—CoreOS would appear to have a lot of interesting functionality. It should allow applications of that type to grow and shrink as needed with demand, as well as provide a stable platform where upgrades are not a constant headache. For "massive server deployments", CoreOS, or something with many of the same characteristics, looks like the future.</p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Container_Linux&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output 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Linux control host</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operating-system-level_virtualization_implementations" class="mw-redirect" title="Operating-system-level virtualization implementations">Operating-system-level virtualization implementations</a> –  based on operating system kernel's support for multiple isolated userspace instances</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_as_a_service" title="Software as a service">Software as a service</a> (SaaS) –  a software licensing and delivery model that hosts the software centrally and licenses it on a subscription basis</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtualization" title="Virtualization">Virtualization</a> –  a general concept of providing virtual versions of computer hardware platforms, operating systems, storage devices, etc.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Container_Linux&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-eol-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-eol_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-eol_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://coreos.com/os/eol/">"End-of-life announcement for CoreOS Container Linux"</a>. <i>coreos.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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aria-labelledby="Linux_distributions" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Linux_distributions" title="Template:Linux distributions"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Linux_distributions" title="Template talk:Linux distributions"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Linux_distributions" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Linux distributions"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Linux_distributions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Linux_distribution" title="Linux distribution">Linux distributions</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/LineageOS" title="LineageOS">LineageOS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki//e/_(operating_system)" title="/e/ (operating system)">/e/</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CalyxOS" title="CalyxOS">CalyxOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CrDroid" title="CrDroid">CrDroid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DivestOS" title="DivestOS">DivestOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iod%C3%A9OS" title="IodéOS">iodéOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Replicant_(operating_system)" title="Replicant (operating system)">Replicant</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Android-x86" title="Android-x86">Android-x86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Android-x86#Project_Celadon" title="Android-x86">Celadon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ColorOS" title="ColorOS">ColorOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EMUI" title="EMUI">EMUI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_OS" title="Fire OS">Fire OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GrapheneOS" title="GrapheneOS">GrapheneOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_UI" title="One UI">One UI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paranoid_Android_(operating_system)" title="Paranoid Android (operating system)">Paranoid Android</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_Remix_OS" title="Resurrection Remix OS">Resurrection Remix OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OmniROM" title="OmniROM">OmniROM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arch_Linux" title="Arch Linux">Arch</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ArchBang" title="ArchBang">ArchBang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artix_Linux" title="Artix Linux">Artix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BlackArch" title="BlackArch">BlackArch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EndeavourOS" title="EndeavourOS">EndeavourOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frugalware_Linux" title="Frugalware Linux">Frugalware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garuda_Linux" title="Garuda Linux">Garuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperbola_GNU/Linux-libre" title="Hyperbola GNU/Linux-libre">Hyperbola GNU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LinHES" title="LinHES">LinHES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manjaro" title="Manjaro">Manjaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parabola_GNU/Linux-libre" title="Parabola GNU/Linux-libre">Parabola GNU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SteamOS" title="SteamOS">SteamOS</a> (3.0 onwards)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SystemRescue" title="SystemRescue">SystemRescue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Debian" title="Debian">Debian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu" title="Ubuntu">Ubuntu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Official: <a href="/wiki/Edubuntu" title="Edubuntu">Edubuntu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kubuntu" title="Kubuntu">Kubuntu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubuntu" title="Lubuntu">Lubuntu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_Budgie" title="Ubuntu Budgie">Ubuntu Budgie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_Cinnamon" title="Ubuntu Cinnamon">Ubuntu Cinnamon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_Kylin" title="Ubuntu Kylin">Ubuntu Kylin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_MATE" title="Ubuntu MATE">Ubuntu MATE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_Studio" title="Ubuntu Studio">Ubuntu Studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_Unity" title="Ubuntu Unity">Ubuntu Unity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xubuntu" title="Xubuntu">Xubuntu</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Derivatives: <a href="/wiki/BackBox" title="BackBox">BackBox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodhi_Linux" title="Bodhi Linux">Bodhi Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elementary_OS" title="Elementary OS">elementary OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmabunt%C3%BCs" title="Emmabuntüs">Emmabuntüs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KDE_neon" title="KDE neon">KDE neon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freespire" title="Freespire">Freespire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linux_Lite" title="Linux Lite">Linux Lite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linux_Mint" title="Linux Mint">Linux Mint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LXLE_Linux" title="LXLE Linux">LXLE Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nova_(operating_system)" title="Nova (operating system)">Nova OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peppermint_OS" title="Peppermint OS">Peppermint OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop!_OS" title="Pop! OS">Pop! OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trisquel" title="Trisquel">Trisquel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_Touch" title="Ubuntu Touch">Ubuntu Touch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruk_GNU/Linux" title="Uruk GNU/Linux">Uruk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wubuntu" title="Wubuntu">Wubuntu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zorin_OS" title="Zorin OS">Zorin OS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AntiX" title="AntiX">antiX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astra_Linux" title="Astra Linux">Astra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharat_Operating_System_Solutions" title="Bharat Operating System Solutions">Bharat Operating System Solutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BlankOn_Linux" title="BlankOn Linux">BlankOn Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commodore_OS" title="Commodore OS">Commodore OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damn_Small_Linux" title="Damn Small Linux">Damn Small Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deepin" title="Deepin">deepin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devuan" title="Devuan">Devuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elive" title="Elive">Elive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endless_OS" class="mw-redirect" title="Endless OS">Endless OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FreedomBox" title="FreedomBox">FreedomBox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaisen_Linux" title="Kaisen Linux">Kaisen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kali_Linux" title="Kali Linux">Kali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanotix" title="Kanotix">Kanotix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knoppix" title="Knoppix">Knoppix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MX_Linux" title="MX Linux">MX Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parrot_OS" title="Parrot OS">Parrot OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PureOS" title="PureOS">PureOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raspberry_Pi_OS" title="Raspberry Pi OS">Raspberry Pi OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q4OS" title="Q4OS">Q4OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slax" title="Slax">Slax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SparkyLinux" title="SparkyLinux">SparkyLinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SolydXK" title="SolydXK">SolydXK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tails_(operating_system)" title="Tails (operating system)">Tails</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tizen" title="Tizen">Tizen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unity_Operating_System" title="Unity Operating System">UOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whonix" title="Whonix">Whonix</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fedora_Linux" title="Fedora Linux">Fedora</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/CentOS_Stream" title="CentOS Stream">CentOS Stream</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AlmaLinux" title="AlmaLinux">AlmaLinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EulerOS" title="EulerOS">EulerOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miracle_Linux" title="Miracle Linux">MIRACLE LINUX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oracle_Linux" title="Oracle Linux">Oracle Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux" title="Red Hat Enterprise Linux">Red Hat Enterprise Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocky_Linux" title="Rocky Linux">Rocky Linux</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asahi_Linux" title="Asahi Linux">Asahi Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_Security_Toolkit" title="Network Security Toolkit">Network Security Toolkit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobara_Linux" title="Nobara Linux">Nobara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qubes_OS" title="Qubes OS">Qubes OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Star_OS" title="Red Star OS">Red Star OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sailfish_OS" title="Sailfish OS">Sailfish OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultramarine_Linux" title="Ultramarine Linux">Ultramarine Linux</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gentoo_Linux" title="Gentoo Linux">Gentoo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calculate_Linux" title="Calculate Linux">Calculate Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ChromiumOS" title="ChromiumOS">ChromiumOS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ChromeOS" title="ChromeOS">ChromeOS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentoo" title="Pentoo">Pentoo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mandrake_Linux" class="mw-redirect" title="Mandrake Linux">Mandrake</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ALT_Linux" title="ALT Linux">ALT Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PCLinuxOS" title="PCLinuxOS">PCLinuxOS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mandriva_Linux" title="Mandriva Linux">Mandriva</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mageia" title="Mageia">Mageia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenMandriva_Lx" title="OpenMandriva Lx">OpenMandriva Lx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ROSA_Linux" title="ROSA Linux">ROSA Linux</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Slackware" title="Slackware">Slackware</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austrumi_Linux" title="Austrumi Linux">Austrumi Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porteus_(operating_system)" title="Porteus (operating system)">Porteus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salix_OS" title="Salix OS">Salix OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slax" title="Slax">Slax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenwalk" title="Zenwalk">Zenwalk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/SUSE_Linux" class="mw-redirect" title="SUSE Linux">SUSE</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OpenSUSE" title="OpenSUSE">openSUSE</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SUSE_Linux_Enterprise" title="SUSE Linux Enterprise">SUSE Linux Enterprise</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Open_Enterprise_Server" title="Open Enterprise Server">Open Enterprise Server</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GeckoLinux" title="GeckoLinux">GeckoLinux</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/4MLinux" title="4MLinux">4MLinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpine_Linux" title="Alpine Linux">Alpine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CHAOS_(operating_system)" title="CHAOS (operating system)">CHAOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chimera_Linux" title="Chimera Linux">Chimera Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clear_Linux_OS" title="Clear Linux OS">Clear Linux OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CRUX" title="CRUX">CRUX</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kwort_Linux" title="Kwort Linux">Kwort</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GoboLinux" title="GoboLinux">GoboLinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNU_Guix_System" class="mw-redirect" title="GNU Guix System">Guix SD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KaiOS" title="KaiOS">KaiOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KaOS" title="KaOS">KaOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NixOS" title="NixOS">NixOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puppy_Linux" title="Puppy Linux">Puppy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Source_Mage" title="Source Mage">Source Mage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solus_(operating_system)" title="Solus (operating system)">Solus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T2_SDE" title="T2 SDE">T2 SDE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiny_Core_Linux" title="Tiny Core Linux">Tiny Core Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Void_Linux" title="Void Linux">Void</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i>Discontinued</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Android_(operating_system)" title="Android (operating system)">Android</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CyanogenMod" title="CyanogenMod">CyanogenMod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIUI" title="MIUI">MIUI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PixelExperience" title="PixelExperience">PixelExperience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remix_OS" title="Remix OS">Remix OS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arch_Linux" title="Arch Linux">Arch</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ArchLabs" title="ArchLabs">ArchLabs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antergos" title="Antergos">Antergos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chakra_(operating_system)" title="Chakra (operating system)">Chakra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Debian" title="Debian">Debian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Ubuntu: <a href="/wiki/Asturix" title="Asturix">Asturix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Lab_Linux" title="Black Lab Linux">Black Lab Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cub_Linux" title="Cub Linux">Cub Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gobuntu" title="Gobuntu">Gobuntu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GOS_(operating_system)" title="GOS (operating system)">gOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linux_Caixa_M%C3%A1gica" title="Linux Caixa Mágica">Linux Caixa Mágica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LinuxTLE" title="LinuxTLE">LinuxTLE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinguy_OS" title="Pinguy OS">Pinguy OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabily" title="Sabily">Sabily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubuntu_GNOME" title="Ubuntu GNOME">Ubuntu GNOME</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Other derivatives: <a href="/wiki/BackTrack" title="BackTrack">BackTrack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corel_Linux" title="Corel Linux">Corel Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CrunchBang_Linux" title="CrunchBang Linux">CrunchBang Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DoudouLinux" title="DoudouLinux">DoudouLinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dreamlinux" title="Dreamlinux">Dreamlinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feather_Linux" class="mw-redirect" title="Feather Linux">Feather Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNewSense" title="GNewSense">gNewSense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HandyLinux" title="HandyLinux">HandyLinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libranet" title="Libranet">Libranet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musix_GNU%2BLinux" title="Musix GNU+Linux">Musix GNU+Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parsix" title="Parsix">Parsix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SteamOS" title="SteamOS">SteamOS</a> (1.0–2.0)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunwah_Linux" title="Sunwah Linux">Sunwah Linux</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gentoo_Linux" title="Gentoo Linux">Gentoo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Container Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabayon_Linux" title="Sabayon Linux">Sabayon Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XB_Machine" title="XB Machine">xB Machine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Red_Hat_Linux" title="Red Hat Linux">Red Hat</a>/<a href="/wiki/Fedora_Linux" title="Fedora Linux">Fedora</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BLAG_Linux_and_GNU" title="BLAG Linux and GNU">BLAG Linux and GNU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CentOS" title="CentOS">CentOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ClearOS" title="ClearOS">ClearOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linpus_Linux" title="Linpus Linux">Linpus Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korora_(operating_system)" title="Korora (operating system)">Korora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linux_for_PlayStation_2" title="Linux for PlayStation 2">Linux for PlayStation 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_Linux" title="Scientific Linux">Scientific Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Hat_Linux" title="Red Hat Linux">Red Hat Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocks_Cluster_Distribution" title="Rocks Cluster Distribution">Rocks Cluster Distribution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Think_Blue_Linux" title="Think Blue Linux">Think Blue Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turbolinux" title="Turbolinux">Turbolinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vine_Linux" title="Vine Linux">Vine Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_Dog_Linux" title="Yellow Dog Linux">Yellow Dog Linux</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Slackware" title="Slackware">Slackware</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BioSLAX" title="BioSLAX">BioSLAX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damn_Vulnerable_Linux" title="Damn Vulnerable Linux">Damn Vulnerable Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KateOS" title="KateOS">KateOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kongoni_(operating_system)" title="Kongoni (operating system)">Kongoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NimbleX" title="NimbleX">NimbleX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platypux" title="Platypux">Platypux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TopologiLinux" title="TopologiLinux">TopologiLinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VectorLinux" title="VectorLinux">VectorLinux</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/SUSE_Linux" class="mw-redirect" title="SUSE Linux">SUSE</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SUSE_Studio" title="SUSE Studio">SUSE Studio Express</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caldera_OpenLinux" title="Caldera OpenLinux">Caldera OpenLinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DemoLinux" title="DemoLinux">DemoLinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Familiar_Linux" title="Familiar Linux">Familiar Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firefox_OS" title="Firefox OS">Firefox OS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Firefox_OS#B2G_OS" title="Firefox OS">B2G OS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floppyfw" title="Floppyfw">Floppyfw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foresight_Linux" title="Foresight Linux">Foresight Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immunix" title="Immunix">Immunix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jurix" title="Jurix">Jurix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linux_Router_Project" title="Linux Router Project">Linux Router Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MCC_Interim_Linux" title="MCC Interim Linux">MCC Interim Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MeeGo" title="MeeGo">MeeGo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mer_(software_distribution)" title="Mer (software distribution)">Mer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobilinux" title="Mobilinux">Mobilinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitix" title="Nitix">Nitix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenELEC" title="OpenELEC">OpenELEC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Softlanding_Linux_System" title="Softlanding Linux System">Softlanding Linux System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Splashtop_OS" title="Splashtop OS">Splashtop OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkix" title="Turkix">Turkix</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Linux_distributions" title="List of Linux distributions">List</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NewTux.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/NewTux.svg/13px-NewTux.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/NewTux.svg/20px-NewTux.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/NewTux.svg/27px-NewTux.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="625" data-file-height="750" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Linux" title="Portal:Linux">Linux portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_na_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Non-article page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6a/Symbol_na_class.svg/16px-Symbol_na_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6a/Symbol_na_class.svg/23px-Symbol_na_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6a/Symbol_na_class.svg/31px-Symbol_na_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_Linux_distributions" title="Comparison of Linux distributions">Comparison</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Linux_distributions" title="Category:Linux distributions">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Virtualization_software" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Virtualization_software" title="Template:Virtualization software"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Virtualization_software" title="Template talk:Virtualization software"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Virtualization_software" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Virtualization software"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Virtualization_software" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Virtualization" title="Virtualization">Virtualization</a> software</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_platform_virtualization_software" title="Comparison of platform virtualization software">Comparison of platform virtualization software</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hardware_virtualization" title="Hardware virtualization">Hardware</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Hypervisor" title="Hypervisor">hypervisors</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Native</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adaptive_Domain_Environment_for_Operating_Systems" title="Adaptive Domain Environment for Operating Systems">Adeos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CP/CMS" title="CP/CMS">CP/CMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyper-V" title="Hyper-V">Hyper-V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kernel-based_Virtual_Machine" title="Kernel-based Virtual Machine">KVM</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OVirt" title="OVirt">oVirt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=KubeVirt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="KubeVirt (page does not exist)">KubeVirt</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oracle_VM_Server_for_SPARC" title="Oracle VM Server for SPARC">LDoms / Oracle VM Server for SPARC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logical_partition" title="Logical partition">Logical partition</a> (LPAR)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LynxSecure" title="LynxSecure">LynxSecure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PikeOS" title="PikeOS">PikeOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proxmox_Virtual_Environment" title="Proxmox Virtual Environment">Proxmox VE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QNX" title="QNX">QNX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIMMON" title="SIMMON">SIMMON</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VMware_ESXi" title="VMware ESXi">VMware ESXi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/VMware_vSphere" title="VMware vSphere">VMware vSphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VCloud_Air" title="VCloud Air">vCloud</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VMware_Infrastructure" title="VMware Infrastructure">VMware Infrastructure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xen" title="Xen">Xen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/XenServer" class="mw-redirect" title="XenServer">XenServer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XCP-ng" title="XCP-ng">XCP-ng</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XtratuM" title="XtratuM">XtratuM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z/VM" title="Z/VM">z/VM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hosted</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Specialized</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basilisk_II" title="Basilisk II">Basilisk II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bochs" title="Bochs">Bochs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooperative_Linux" title="Cooperative Linux">Cooperative Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DOSBox" title="DOSBox">DOSBox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DOSEMU" title="DOSEMU">DOSEMU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PCem" class="mw-redirect" title="PCem">PCem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/86Box" title="86Box">86Box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PikeOS" title="PikeOS">PikeOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SheepShaver" title="SheepShaver">SheepShaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIMH" title="SIMH">SIMH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_on_Windows" title="Windows on Windows">Windows on Windows</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_DOS_machine" title="Virtual DOS machine">Virtual DOS machine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Win4Lin" title="Win4Lin">Win4Lin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Independent</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhyve" title="Bhyve">bhyve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Virtual_Server" title="Microsoft Virtual Server">Microsoft Virtual Server</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallels_Workstation" title="Parallels Workstation">Parallels Workstation</a> (<a href="/wiki/Parallels_Workstation_Extreme" title="Parallels Workstation Extreme">Extreme</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallels_Desktop_for_Mac" title="Parallels Desktop for Mac">Parallels Desktop for Mac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallels_Server_for_Mac" class="mw-redirect" title="Parallels Server for Mac">Parallels Server for Mac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PearPC" title="PearPC">PearPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QEMU" title="QEMU">QEMU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VirtualBox" title="VirtualBox">VirtualBox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_Iron" title="Virtual Iron">Virtual Iron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_PC" title="Virtual PC">Virtual PC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VMware_Fusion" title="VMware Fusion">VMware Fusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VMware_Server" title="VMware Server">VMware Server</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VMware_Workstation" title="VMware Workstation">VMware Workstation</a> (<a href="/wiki/VMware_Workstation_Player" title="VMware Workstation Player">Player</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ganeti" title="Ganeti">Ganeti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/System_Center_Virtual_Machine_Manager" title="System Center Virtual Machine Manager">System Center Virtual Machine Manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virt-manager" title="Virt-manager">Virt-manager</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/OS-level_virtualization" title="OS-level virtualization">Operating<br />system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">OS containers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FreeBSD_jail" title="FreeBSD jail">FreeBSD jail</a></li> <li>iCore Virtual Accounts</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linux-VServer" title="Linux-VServer">Linux-VServer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LXC" title="LXC">Linux Containers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenVZ" title="OpenVZ">OpenVZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solaris_Containers" title="Solaris Containers">Solaris Containers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtuozzo_(company)#Software" title="Virtuozzo (company)">Virtuozzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workload_Partitions" title="Workload Partitions">Workload Partitions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Application containers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Docker_(software)" title="Docker (software)">Docker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Podman" title="Podman">Podman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lmctfy" title="Lmctfy">lmctfy</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Overview">rkt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Virtual kernel architectures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rump_kernel" title="Rump kernel">Rump kernel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/User-mode_Linux" title="User-mode Linux">User-mode Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vkernel" title="Vkernel">vkernel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related kernel features</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Solaris_Containers#Branded_zones" title="Solaris Containers">BrandZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cgroups" title="Cgroups">cgroups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chroot" title="Chroot">chroot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linux_namespaces" title="Linux namespaces">namespaces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EBPF" title="EBPF">eBPF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seccomp" title="Seccomp">seccomp</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Orchestration</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Web_Services" title="Amazon Web Services">Amazon ECS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kubernetes" title="Kubernetes">Kubernetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenShift" title="OpenShift">OpenShift</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Desktop_virtualization" title="Desktop virtualization">Desktop</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citrix_Virtual_Apps" title="Citrix Virtual Apps">Citrix Virtual Apps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrix_Virtual_Desktops" title="Citrix Virtual Desktops">Citrix Virtual Desktops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remote_Desktop_Services" title="Remote Desktop Services">Remote Desktop Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VMware_Horizon" title="VMware Horizon">VMware Horizon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Application_virtualization" title="Application virtualization">Application</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ceedo" title="Ceedo">Ceedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrix_Virtual_Apps" title="Citrix Virtual Apps">Citrix Virtual Apps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalvik_(software)" title="Dalvik (software)">Dalvik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/InstallFree" title="InstallFree">InstallFree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_App-V" title="Microsoft App-V">Microsoft App-V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remote_Desktop_Services" title="Remote Desktop Services">Remote Desktop Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symantec_Workspace_Virtualization" title="Symantec Workspace Virtualization">Symantec Workspace Virtualization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turbo_(software)" title="Turbo (software)">Turbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VMware_ThinApp" title="VMware ThinApp">VMware ThinApp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZeroVM" title="ZeroVM">ZeroVM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Network_virtualization" title="Network virtualization">Network</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Distributed_Overlay_Virtual_Ethernet" title="Distributed Overlay Virtual Ethernet">Distributed Overlay Virtual Ethernet</a> (DOVE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethernet_VPN" title="Ethernet VPN">Ethernet VPN</a> (EVPN)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_Virtualization_using_Generic_Routing_Encapsulation" title="Network Virtualization using Generic Routing Encapsulation">NVGRE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_vSwitch" title="Open vSwitch">Open vSwitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_security_switch" title="Virtual security switch">Virtual security switch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_Extensible_LAN" title="Virtual Extensible LAN">Virtual Extensible LAN</a> (VXLAN)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Generic_Network_Virtualization_Encapsulation" title="Generic Network Virtualization Encapsulation">Generic Network Virtualization Encapsulation</a> (GENEVE)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BlueStacks" title="BlueStacks">BlueStacks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_emulators" title="List of emulators">List of emulators</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_computer_system_emulators" title="List of computer system emulators">List of computer system emulators</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Linux_containers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Linux_containers" title="Template:Linux containers"><abbr title="View this 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