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</a> </div> <form action="/w/index.php" method="get" class="minerva-search-form"> <div class="search-box"> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"/> <input class="search skin-minerva-search-trigger" id="searchInput" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> </div> <button id="searchIcon" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet skin-minerva-search-trigger"> Search </button> </form> <nav class="minerva-user-navigation" aria-label="User navigation"> </nav> </div> </header> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Strait of Magellan</h1> <div class="tagline"></div> </div> <ul id="p-associated-pages" class="minerva__tab-container"> <li class="minerva__tab selected"> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Strait_of_Magellan" rel="" data-event-name="tabs.subject">Article</a> </li> <li class="minerva__tab "> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Talk:Strait_of_Magellan" rel="discussion" data-event-name="tabs.talk">Talk</a> </li> </ul> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" href="#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Language" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> Language </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Strait+of+Magellan" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button 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id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style>The Strait of Magellan (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: Estrecho de Magallanes), also called the Straits of Magellan, is a <a href="/wiki/Navigable" class="mw-redirect" title="Navigable">navigable</a> sea route in southern <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a> separating mainland <a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a> to the north and <a href="/wiki/Tierra_del_Fuego" title="Tierra del Fuego">Tierra del Fuego</a> to the south. The <a href="/wiki/Strait" title="Strait">strait</a> is considered the most important natural passage between the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific</a> oceans. The strait is approximately 570 km (310 nmi; 350 mi) long and 2 km (1.1 nmi; 1.2 mi) wide at its narrowest point. In 1520, the <a href="/wiki/Hapsburg_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Hapsburg Spain">Spanish</a> expedition of the Portuguese navigator <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Magellan" title="Ferdinand Magellan">Ferdinand Magellan</a>, after whom the strait is named, became the first Europeans to discover it. <table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="background-color: #cedeff; font-size: 125%;">Strait of Magellan</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="line-height: 1.2; border-bottom: 1px solid #cedeff;"><a href="/wiki/File:StraitOfMagellan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/StraitOfMagellan.jpg/264px-StraitOfMagellan.jpg" decoding="async" width="264" height="343" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/StraitOfMagellan.jpg/396px-StraitOfMagellan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/StraitOfMagellan.jpg/528px-StraitOfMagellan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2600"></a><div class="infobox-caption">The Strait of Magellan at the southern tip of <a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="line-height: 1.2; border-bottom: 1px solid #cedeff;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:115px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:115px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:115px"><a href="/wiki/File:Relief_Map_of_Chile.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Strait of Magellan is located in Chile"><img alt="Strait of Magellan is located in Chile" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Relief_Map_of_Chile.jpg/115px-Relief_Map_of_Chile.jpg" decoding="async" width="115" height="258" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Relief_Map_of_Chile.jpg/173px-Relief_Map_of_Chile.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Relief_Map_of_Chile.jpg/230px-Relief_Map_of_Chile.jpg 2x" data-file-width="668" data-file-height="1500"></a><div class="od notheme" style="top:93.606%;left:52.5%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Strait of Magellan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64"></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Strait of Magellan</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="adr"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data region"><a href="/wiki/Magallanes_Region" title="Magallanes Region">Magallanes Region</a>, Chile</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Strait_of_Magellan&params=54_S_71_W_type:waterbody_scale:2500000">54°S 71°W / 54°S 71°W / -54; -71</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Body_of_water#Waterbody_types" title="Body of water">Type</a></th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Strait" title="Strait">Strait</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Drainage_basin" title="Drainage basin">Basin</a> countries</th><td class="infobox-data">Chile, Argentina</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-bottom: #cedeff 1px solid"></th></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Max. length</th><td class="infobox-data">570 km (350 mi)</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Min. width</th><td class="infobox-data">2 km (1.2 mi)</td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chile.estrechodemagallanes.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Chile.estrechodemagallanes.png/340px-Chile.estrechodemagallanes.png" decoding="async" width="340" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Chile.estrechodemagallanes.png/510px-Chile.estrechodemagallanes.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Chile.estrechodemagallanes.png/680px-Chile.estrechodemagallanes.png 2x" data-file-width="2111" data-file-height="1389"></a><figcaption>The Strait of Magellan</figcaption></figure> Magellan's original name for the strait was Estrecho de Todos los Santos ("Strait of All Saints"). The King of Spain, Emperor <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles V</a>, who sponsored the <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Magellan%E2%80%93Elcano_circumnavigation" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of the Magellan–Elcano circumnavigation">Magellan-Elcano</a> expedition, changed the name to the Strait of Magellan in honor of Magellan.<a href="#cite_note-SM-1">[1]</a> The route is difficult to navigate due to frequent <a href="/wiki/Narrows" title="Narrows">narrows</a> and unpredictable winds and currents. <a href="/wiki/Maritime_pilot" title="Maritime pilot">Maritime piloting</a> is now compulsory. The strait is shorter and more sheltered than the <a href="/wiki/Drake_Passage" title="Drake Passage">Drake Passage</a>, the often stormy open sea route around <a href="/wiki/Cape_Horn" title="Cape Horn">Cape Horn</a>, which is beset by frequent <a href="/wiki/Gale" title="Gale">gale</a>-force winds and <a href="/wiki/Iceberg" title="Iceberg">icebergs</a>.<a href="#cite_note-world-2">[2]</a> Along with the <a href="/wiki/Beagle_Channel" title="Beagle Channel">Beagle Channel</a>, the strait was one of the few sea routes between the Atlantic and Pacific before the construction of the <a href="/wiki/Panama_Canal" title="Panama Canal">Panama Canal</a>. <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History">1 History</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Indigenous_navigation">1.1 Indigenous navigation</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Magellan">1.2 Magellan</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#16th_century_explorations_after_Magellan">1.3 16th century explorations after Magellan</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-5"><a href="#The_strait_and_the_conquest_of_Chile">1.3.1 The strait and the conquest of Chile</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-6"><a href="#Spanish_attempt_to_colonise_the_strait">1.3.2 Spanish attempt to colonise the strait</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#17th_century_explorations">1.4 17th century explorations</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#18th_century_explorations">1.5 18th century explorations</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#19th_century">1.6 19th century</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-10"><a href="#Explorations">1.6.1 Explorations</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-11"><a href="#Incorporation_into_Chile">1.6.2 Incorporation into Chile</a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-12"><a href="#Steamship_navigation">1.6.3 Steamship navigation</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="#20th_century_to_present">1.7 20th century to present</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14"><a href="#Features">2 Features</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="#Tides_and_weather">3 Tides and weather</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="#Place_names">4 Place names</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="#Lighthouses_in_the_strait">5 Lighthouses in the strait</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><a href="#Environment">6 Environment</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19"><a href="#Traffic">7 Traffic</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-20"><a href="#Navigation_status">8 Navigation status</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-21"><a href="#Gallery">9 Gallery</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22"><a href="#See_also">10 See also</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-23"><a href="#Footnotes">11 Footnotes</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-24"><a href="#References">12 References</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-25"><a href="#Works_cited">12.1 Works cited</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-26"><a href="#General_references">12.2 General references</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-27"><a href="#Further_reading">13 Further reading</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-28"><a href="#External_links">14 External links</a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><h2 id="History">History</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Strait_of_Magellan&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Indigenous_navigation">Indigenous navigation</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Strait_of_Magellan&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Indigenous navigation" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> Land adjacent to the Strait of Magellan has been inhabited by indigenous Americans for at least 13,000 years. Upon their arrival to the region, they would have encountered native equines (<a href="/wiki/Hippidion" title="Hippidion">Hippidion</a>), the large ground sloth <a href="/wiki/Mylodon" title="Mylodon">Mylodon</a>, saber toothed cats (<a href="/wiki/Smilodon" title="Smilodon">Smilodon</a>) the extinct jaguar subspecies <a href="/wiki/Panthera_onca_mesembrina" title="Panthera onca mesembrina">Panthera onca mesembrina</a>, the bear <a href="/wiki/Arctotherium" title="Arctotherium">Arctotherium</a>, the superficially camel-like <a href="/wiki/Macrauchenia" title="Macrauchenia">Macrauchenia</a>, the fox-like canid <a href="/wiki/Dusicyon_avus" title="Dusicyon avus">Dusicyon avus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lamini" title="Lamini">lamine</a> camelids, including the extant <a href="/wiki/Vicu%C3%B1a" title="Vicuña">vicuña</a> and <a href="/wiki/Guanaco" title="Guanaco">guanaco</a>. Evidence to suggest that Mylodon, Hippidion and the lamines were hunted has been found at some sites, such as Cueva del Medio.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> Historically identifiable indigenous ethnic groups around the strait are the <a href="/wiki/Kaw%C3%A9sqar" title="Kawésqar">Kawésqar</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Tehuelche_people" title="Tehuelche people">Tehuelche</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Selk%27nam_people" title="Selk'nam people">Selk'nam</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yaghan_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Yaghan people">Yaghan people</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Kaw%C3%A9sqar" title="Kawésqar">Kawésqar</a> lived on the western part of the strait's northern coast. To the east of the Kawésqar were the <a href="/wiki/Tehuelche_people" title="Tehuelche people">Tehuelche</a>, whose territory extended to the north in <a href="/wiki/Patagonia" title="Patagonia">Patagonia</a>. To the south of the Tehuelche across the strait lived the Selk'nam, who inhabited the majority of the eastern portion of <a href="/wiki/Tierra_del_Fuego" title="Tierra del Fuego">Tierra del Fuego</a>. To the west of the Selk'nam were the <a href="/wiki/Yaghan_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Yaghan people">Yaghan people</a>, who inhabited the southernmost part of Tierra del Fuego.<a href="#cite_note-MST-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-ncbi-5">[5]</a> All tribes in the area were nomadic <a href="/wiki/Hunter-gatherer" title="Hunter-gatherer">hunter-gatherers</a>. The Tehuelche were the only non-maritime culture in the area;[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accuracy_dispute#Disputed_statement" title="Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute">dubious</a> – <a href="/wiki/Talk:Strait_of_Magellan#Dubious" title="Talk:Strait of Magellan">discuss</a>] they fished and gathered shellfish along the coast during the winter and moved into the southern <a href="/wiki/Andes" title="Andes">Andes</a> in the summer to hunt.<a href="#cite_note-ipsnews-6">[6]</a> The tribes of the region saw little European contact until the late 19th century. Later, European-introduced diseases decimated portions of the indigenous population.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAeberhardBensonO'BrienPhillips2010501-7">[7]</a> It is possible that Tierra del Fuego was connected to the mainland in the <a href="/wiki/Holocene" title="Holocene">Early Holocene</a> (c. 9000 years <a href="/wiki/Before_present" class="mw-redirect" title="Before present">BP</a>) much in the same way that <a href="/wiki/Riesco_Island" title="Riesco Island">Riesco Island</a> was back then.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMostny201121-8">[8]</a> A Selk'nam tradition recorded by the <a href="/wiki/Salesians_of_Don_Bosco" title="Salesians of Don Bosco">Salesian</a> missionary <a href="/w/index.php?title=Giuseppe_Mar%C3%ADa_Beauvoir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giuseppe María Beauvoir (page does not exist)">Giuseppe María Beauvoir</a> relate that the Selk'nam arrived in Tierra del Fuego by land, and that the Selk'nam were later unable to return north as the sea had flooded their crossing.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> <a href="/wiki/Selk%27nam_people" title="Selk'nam people">Selk'nam</a> migration to Tierra del Fuego is generally thought to have displaced a related non-seafaring people, the <a href="/wiki/Haush" title="Haush">Haush</a> that once occupied most of the main island.<a href="#cite_note-chap1973-10">[10]</a> The Selk'nam, Haush, and Tehuelche are generally thought to be culturally and linguistically related peoples <a href="/wiki/Physical_anthropology" class="mw-redirect" title="Physical anthropology">physically distinct</a> from the sea-faring peoples.<a href="#cite_note-chap1973-10">[10]</a> According to a <a href="/wiki/Selk%27nam_people" title="Selk'nam people">Selk'nam</a> <a href="/wiki/Myth" title="Myth">myth</a> the strait was created along with the <a href="/wiki/Beagle_Channel" title="Beagle Channel">Beagle Channel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fagnano_Lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Fagnano Lake">Fagnano Lake</a> by slingshots falling on Earth during the fight of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Taiy%C3%ADn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taiyín (page does not exist)">Taiyín</a> with a witch who was said to have "retained the waters and the foods".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMontecino_Aguirre2015125-11">[11]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Magellan">Magellan</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Strait_of_Magellan&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Magellan" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NaoVictoria.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/NaoVictoria.JPG/200px-NaoVictoria.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="4000"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 267px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/NaoVictoria.JPG/200px-NaoVictoria.JPG" data-width="200" data-height="267" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/NaoVictoria.JPG/300px-NaoVictoria.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/NaoVictoria.JPG/400px-NaoVictoria.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>A replica of <a href="/wiki/Victoria_(ship)" title="Victoria (ship)">Victoria</a>, one of Magellan's ships, in the <a href="/wiki/Museo_Nao_Victoria" title="Museo Nao Victoria">Museo Nao Victoria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Punta_Arenas" title="Punta Arenas">Punta Arenas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a></figcaption></figure> The first European contact in this area was evidently the voyage of <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Magellan" title="Ferdinand Magellan">Ferdinand Magellan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Richardson-12">[12]</a> (A report by <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Galv%C3%A3o" title="António Galvão">António Galvão</a> in 1563 that mentions early charts showing the strait as "<a href="/wiki/Dragon%27s_Tail_(peninsula)" title="Dragon's Tail (peninsula)">Dragon's Tail</a>" has led to speculation that there might have been earlier contact, but this is generally discounted.)<a href="#cite_note-Richardson-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEde_ZuraraPrestageBeazley2010cxiv-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[a]</a> Magellan led an expedition in the service of the Spanish King, Emperor <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles V</a>, to reach the <a href="/wiki/Maluku_Islands" title="Maluku Islands">Spice Islands</a>. His ships became the first to navigate the strait in 1520.<a href="#cite_note-15">[14]</a> The five ships included <a href="/wiki/Trinidad_(ship)" title="Trinidad (ship)">La Trinidad</a> (110 tons, 55 crew members), under the command of Magellan; La San Antonio (120 tons, 60 crew members) under the command of <a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Cartagena" title="Juan de Cartagena">Juan de Cartagena</a>; La Concepción (90 tons, 45 crew members) under the command of <a href="/wiki/Gaspar_de_Quesada" title="Gaspar de Quesada">Gaspar de Quesada</a> (<a href="/wiki/Juan_Sebasti%C3%A1n_Elcano" title="Juan Sebastián Elcano">Juan Sebastián Elcano</a> served as boatswain); <a href="/wiki/Victoria_(ship)" title="Victoria (ship)">La Victoria</a> (85 tons, 42 crew members) under the command of <a href="/wiki/Luis_de_Mendoza_(explorer)" title="Luis de Mendoza (explorer)">Luis de Mendoza</a>; and La Santiago (75 tons, 32 crew members), under command of Juan Rodríguez Serrano (<a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Serr%C3%A3o" title="João Serrão">João Rodrigues Serrão</a>).[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Before the passage of the strait (and after the mutiny in <a href="/wiki/Puerto_San_Juli%C3%A1n" title="Puerto San Julián">Puerto San Julián</a>), Álvaro de Mesquita became captain of the San Antonio, and <a href="/wiki/Duarte_Barbosa" title="Duarte Barbosa">Duarte Barbosa</a> of the Victoria. Later, Serrão became captain of the Concepcion (the Santiago, sent on a mission to find the passage, was caught in a storm and <a href="/wiki/Shipwrecking" title="Shipwrecking">wrecked</a>). San Antonio, charged to explore Magdalen Sound, failed to return to the fleet, instead sailing back to Spain under <a href="/wiki/Est%C3%AAv%C3%A3o_Gomes" title="Estêvão Gomes">Estêvão Gomes</a>, who imprisoned the captain Mesquita.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Magellan's ships entered the strait on <a href="/wiki/All_Saints%27_Day" title="All Saints' Day">All Saints' Day</a>, 1 November 1520. Magellan named the strait Estrecho de Todos los Santos ("Strait of All Saints") and planted a flag to claim the land on behalf of the King of Spain.<a href="#cite_note-Memoria-16">[15]</a> Magellan's chronicler, <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Pigafetta" title="Antonio Pigafetta">Antonio Pigafetta</a>, called it the Patagonian Strait, and others Victoria Strait, commemorating the first ship that entered.<a href="#cite_note-vaycay-17">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurphyCoye2013-18">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBergreen2003194-19">[18]</a> Within seven years, it was being called Estrecho de Magallanes in honor of Magellan.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurphyCoye2013-18">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBergreen2003194-19">[18]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire" title="Spanish Empire">Spanish Empire</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Chile" title="Captaincy General of Chile">Captaincy General of Chile</a> considered the strait the southern boundary of their territory.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="16th_century_explorations_after_Magellan">16th century explorations after Magellan</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Strait_of_Magellan&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 16th century explorations after Magellan" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gobernaciones_espa%C3%B1olas_en_Am%C3%A9rica_del_Sur_(1534-1539).svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Gobernaciones_espa%C3%B1olas_en_Am%C3%A9rica_del_Sur_%281534-1539%29.svg/200px-Gobernaciones_espa%C3%B1olas_en_Am%C3%A9rica_del_Sur_%281534-1539%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="270" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="673" data-file-height="909"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 270px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Gobernaciones_espa%C3%B1olas_en_Am%C3%A9rica_del_Sur_%281534-1539%29.svg/200px-Gobernaciones_espa%C3%B1olas_en_Am%C3%A9rica_del_Sur_%281534-1539%29.svg.png" data-width="200" data-height="270" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Gobernaciones_espa%C3%B1olas_en_Am%C3%A9rica_del_Sur_%281534-1539%29.svg/300px-Gobernaciones_espa%C3%B1olas_en_Am%C3%A9rica_del_Sur_%281534-1539%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Gobernaciones_espa%C3%B1olas_en_Am%C3%A9rica_del_Sur_%281534-1539%29.svg/400px-Gobernaciones_espa%C3%B1olas_en_Am%C3%A9rica_del_Sur_%281534-1539%29.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>View of the capitulaciones granted by <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor</a> in 1534</figcaption></figure> In the 1530s <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles V</a> divided South America and whatever was to be south of it into a series of grants to different <a href="/wiki/Conquistador" title="Conquistador">conquistadors</a>. The strait of Magellan and the area south of it went to <a href="/wiki/Pedro_S%C3%A1nchez_de_la_Hoz" title="Pedro Sánchez de la Hoz">Pedro Sánchez de la Hoz</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Prieto2004-20">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-21">[b]</a> In 1530 and 1531 <a href="/wiki/Fugger_family" title="Fugger family">the Fuggers</a> held rights to trade through the strait of Magellan. While European trade with Asia through this route was thought to be possible, the Fuggers never developed this route.<a href="#cite_note-onetto-22">[20]</a> <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_de_Urdaneta" title="Andrés de Urdaneta">Andrés de Urdaneta</a> who had first hand experience of the strait by his participation in the <a href="/wiki/Loa%C3%ADsa_expedition" title="Loaísa expedition">Loaísa expedition</a>, argued before viceroy <a href="/wiki/Antonio_de_Mendoza" title="Antonio de Mendoza">Antonio de Mendoza</a> in the 1550s for the establishment of an Asia–Mexico trade route and presented arguments against the establishment of rival route of direct trade between Spain and Asia through the strait of Magellan. According to Urdaneta, climate would made passage through the strait possible only during summer and that therefore ships would need to <a href="/wiki/Overwinter" class="mw-redirect" title="Overwinter">stay the winter</a> in a more northern port. Urdaneta's preference for Mexico may have also been influenced by his links to the <a href="/wiki/Pedro_de_Alvarado" title="Pedro de Alvarado">Pedro de Alvarado</a>.<a href="#cite_note-onetto-22">[20]</a> Following Urdaneta's plans in 1565 the first <a href="/wiki/Manila_galleon" title="Manila galleon">Manila galleon</a> inaugurated European trade with Asia across the Pacific.<a href="#cite_note-onetto-22">[20]</a> <a href="/wiki/Pedro_de_Valdivia" title="Pedro de Valdivia">Pedro de Valdivia</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Conquistador" title="Conquistador">conquistador</a> of Chile, managed to have Charles V extend his governorship all the way to the northern shores of the strait. Meanwhile, Sánchez de la Hoz was executed in Chile by <a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Villagra" title="Francisco de Villagra">Francisco de Villagra</a>, one of Valdivia's men. The first map of the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maris_Pacifici" title="Maris Pacifici">Maris Pacifici</a> from 1589, depicts the strait as the only route between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="The_strait_and_the_conquest_of_Chile">The strait and the conquest of Chile</h4> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Strait_of_Magellan&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: The strait and the conquest of Chile" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Chile" title="Conquest of Chile">Conquest of Chile</a></div> Contemporaries differed in their estimation of the strait's significance. In Europe it was viewed by some as an opportunity and a strategic location to facilitate long-range trade, though <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Pigafetta" title="Antonio Pigafetta">Antonio Pigafetta</a> seemed to have understood his voyage through the area as an unrepeatable feat.<a href="#cite_note-PerezVersiones2020-23">[21]</a> By contrast, conquistador <a href="/wiki/Pedro_de_Valdivia" title="Pedro de Valdivia">Pedro de Valdivia</a>, in a <a href="/wiki/First_relation_letter_from_Pedro_de_Valdivia_to_emperor_Charles_V" title="First relation letter from Pedro de Valdivia to emperor Charles V">letter to Charles V</a>, considered the strait a threat through which rival conquistadors could arrive to challenge his claims.<a href="#cite_note-PerezVersiones2020-23">[21]</a> In 1544 Valdivia commissioned Captain <a href="/wiki/Juan_Bautista_Pastene" title="Juan Bautista Pastene">Juan Bautista Pastene</a> to explore the coast from <a href="/wiki/Valparaiso" class="mw-redirect" title="Valparaiso">Valparaiso</a> to the Strait of Magellan,<a href="#cite_note-PerezVersiones2020-23">[21]</a> and installed his personal secretary <a href="/w/index.php?title=Juan_de_C%C3%A1rdenas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juan de Cárdenas (page does not exist)">Juan de Cárdenas</a> in the expedition to produce a written account of the lands discovered in order to solidify his claims before the King.<a href="#cite_note-PerezVersiones2020-23">[21]</a> Although Pastene's expedition reached only the <a href="/wiki/41st_parallel_south" title="41st parallel south">41st parallel south</a>, well short of the strait, it discovered <a href="/wiki/San_Pedro_Bay_(Chile)" title="San Pedro Bay (Chile)">San Pedro Bay</a> and the mouth of <a href="/wiki/Valdivia_River" title="Valdivia River">Valdivia River</a>, where Valdivia would later found <a href="/wiki/Valdivia" title="Valdivia">the city that bears his name</a>.<a href="#cite_note-24">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[23]</a> As Valdivia consolidated his claims, he mentions in a 1548 letter to the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_Indies" title="Council of the Indies">Council of the Indies</a> the possibility of establishing contacts between Chile and Seville through the strait.<a href="#cite_note-PerezVersiones2020-23">[21]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Garc%C3%ADa_Jofr%C3%A9_de_Loaiza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="García Jofré de Loaiza (page does not exist)">García Jofré de Loaiza</a> was the second captain to navigate the strait and the first to discover that <a href="/wiki/Tierra_del_Fuego" title="Tierra del Fuego">Tierra del Fuego</a> was an island. Valdivia then dispatched <a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Ulloa" title="Francisco de Ulloa">Francisco de Ulloa</a> to survey and explore the strait, facilitating navigation from Spain to Chile. In October 1553, Ulloa sailed from the city of Valdivia in the first expedition to enter the strait from the west. Ulloa reached <a href="/w/index.php?title=Woods_Bay&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Woods Bay (page does not exist)">Woods Bay</a>, but faced with the steep coastline and lack of provisions and fearing entrapment in the strait during the winter, he turned around, returning to Chilean ports in February 1554.<a href="#cite_note-Memoria-16">[15]</a> Valdivia himself never actually reached the strait, as he was killed in 1553 attempting to conquer <a href="/wiki/Araucan%C3%ADa_(historic_region)" title="Araucanía (historic region)">Araucanía</a>, about 1600 km (994 miles) north of the strait.<a href="#cite_note-PerezVersiones2020-23">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[24]</a> In October 1557, Governor <a href="/wiki/Garc%C3%ADa_Hurtado_de_Mendoza" class="mw-redirect" title="García Hurtado de Mendoza">García Hurtado de Mendoza</a> sent another exploratory squad of 70 men under the command of <a href="/wiki/Juan_Ladrillero" title="Juan Ladrillero">Juan Ladrillero</a>. They were charged with mapping the coastline and surveying the region's flora, fauna, and ethnography. On August 16, 1558, Ladrillero arrived in the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a>, becoming the first navigator to cross the Strait of Magellan in both directions.<a href="#cite_note-Memoria-16">[15]</a> Colonization by the Spanish southward in Chile halted after the conquest of the <a href="/wiki/Chilo%C3%A9_Archipelago" title="Chiloé Archipelago">Chiloé Archipelago</a> in 1567. The Spanish are thought to have lacked incentives for further conquests south.<a href="#cite_note-Urbina2016-27">[25]</a> The indigenous populations were sparse and did not engage in the sedentary agricultural life of the Spanish.<a href="#cite_note-Urbina2016-27">[25]</a> The harsh climate in the <a href="/wiki/Fjords_and_channels_of_Chile" title="Fjords and channels of Chile">fjords and channels of Patagonia</a> may also have deterred further expansion.<a href="#cite_note-Urbina2016-27">[25]</a> Even in Chiloé the Spanish encountered difficulties, having to abandon their initial economic model based on <a href="/wiki/Gold_mining" title="Gold mining">gold mining</a> and "hispanic-mediterranean" agriculture.<a href="#cite_note-torrejon-28">[26]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Spanish_attempt_to_colonise_the_strait">Spanish attempt to colonise the strait</h4> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Strait_of_Magellan&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Spanish attempt to colonise the strait" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Spanish_colonization_attempt_of_the_Strait_of_Magellan" title="Spanish colonization attempt of the Strait of Magellan">Spanish colonization attempt of the Strait of Magellan</a></div> In 1578 English navigator <a href="/wiki/Francis_Drake" title="Francis Drake">Francis Drake</a> crossed the strait, creating fear on the Pacific coast that an attack was imminent. In order to seal the passage, the Viceroy of Peru, <a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Toledo" title="Francisco de Toledo">Francisco de Toledo</a>, sent a squadron with two ships under <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Sarmiento_de_Gamboa" title="Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa">Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa</a>. They carefully explored the strait, trying to ferret out English invaders, while surveying locations for future fortifications.<a href="#cite_note-Memoria-16">[15]</a> Pigafetta had described the strait as a hospitable area with many good ports, "<a href="/wiki/Cedrus" title="Cedrus">cedar</a>" wood, and abundant shellfish and fish.<a href="#cite_note-PerezVersiones2020-23">[21]</a> In 1584, Sarmiento de Gamboa <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Sarmiento_de_Gamboa#Strait_of_Magellan" title="Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa">founded</a> two colonies in the strait: <a href="/wiki/Nombre_de_Jes%C3%BAs_(Patagonia)" title="Nombre de Jesús (Patagonia)">Nombre de Jesús</a> and Ciudad del Rey Don Felipe. The latter was established on the north shore of the strait with 300 settlers.<a href="#cite_note-29">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarkham2016-30">[28]</a> That winter, it became known as <a href="/wiki/Puerto_del_Hambre" title="Puerto del Hambre">Puerto del Hambre</a>, or "Port Famine", as most of the settlers died of cold or starvation.<a href="#cite_note-31">[29]</a> When Sir <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cavendish" title="Thomas Cavendish">Thomas Cavendish</a> landed at the site of Rey Don Felipe in 1587, he found only ruins of the settlement. The Spanish failure to colonize the Strait of Magellan made the <a href="/wiki/Chilo%C3%A9_Archipelago" title="Chiloé Archipelago">Chiloé Archipelago</a> key in protecting western Patagonia from foreign intrusions.<a href="#cite_note-Urbina2013-32">[30]</a> Valdivia, <a href="/wiki/Dutch_expedition_to_Valdivia#Spanish_response" title="Dutch expedition to Valdivia">reestablished in 1645</a>, and Chiloé acted as sentries, and as hubs where the Spanish collected intelligence from all over Patagonia.<a href="#cite_note-Urbina2017-33">[31]</a> In 1599 it took five ships under <a href="/wiki/Simon_de_Cordes" title="Simon de Cordes">Simon de Cordes</a> and his pilot <a href="/wiki/William_Adams_(pilot)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Adams (pilot)">William Adams</a> four months to traverse the strait; <a href="/wiki/Sebalt_de_Weert" class="mw-redirect" title="Sebalt de Weert">Sebalt de Weert</a> returned before reaching the end. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="17th_century_explorations">17th century explorations</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Strait_of_Magellan&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 17th century explorations" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Garcia_de_Nodal_expedition" class="mw-redirect" title="Garcia de Nodal expedition">Garcia de Nodal expedition</a></div> In 1616, Dutch travelers, including <a href="/wiki/Willem_Schouten" title="Willem Schouten">Willem Schouten</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Le_Maire" title="Jacob Le Maire">Jacob Le Maire</a>, discovered <a href="/wiki/Cape_Horn" title="Cape Horn">Cape Horn</a> and recognized the southern end of Tierra del Fuego. Years later, <a href="/wiki/Garcia_de_Nodal_expedition" class="mw-redirect" title="Garcia de Nodal expedition">a Spanish expedition</a> commanded by brothers <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bartolom%C3%A9_Nodal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bartolomé Nodal (page does not exist)">Bartolomé</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gonzalo_Nodal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gonzalo Nodal (page does not exist)">Gonzalo Nodal</a> verified this discovery<a href="#cite_note-Memoria-16">[15]</a> making in the way also the first circumnavigation of Tierra del Fuego.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMartinic197776-34">[32]</a> After this there would be 150 years before the next ship from Spain would traverse the strait.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMartinic197776-34">[32]</a> By 1620, one hundred years after European discovery, at least 55 ships had traversed the strait including 23 Spanish, 17 English and 15 Dutch.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMartinic197776-34">[32]</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Narborough" title="John Narborough">John Narborough</a>'s 1670 explorations in Patagonia caused the Spanish to launch various maritime expeditions to western Patagonia from 1674 to 1676.<a href="#cite_note-MartMoor1982-35">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-36">[34]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/Antonio_de_Vea_expedition" title="Antonio de Vea expedition">last and largest one</a>, Pascual de Iriate led a party to <a href="/wiki/Evangelistas_Islets" title="Evangelistas Islets">Evangelistas Islets</a> at the western entrance to the strait. At Evangelistas sixteen men of the party disappeared on February 17 including the son of Pascual de Iriarte.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEde_Vea1886587-37">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEde_Vea1886590-38">[36]</a> The ill-fated men had attempted to reach one of the islets to install a metal plaque indicating the King of Spain's ownership of the territory.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEde_Vea1886590-38">[36]</a> Viceroy of Peru <a href="/wiki/Baltasar_de_la_Cueva,_Count_of_Castellar" title="Baltasar de la Cueva, Count of Castellar">Baltasar de la Cueva</a> issued orders to the governments of <a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Chile" title="Captaincy General of Chile">Chile</a>, <a href="/wiki/Governorate_of_Chilo%C3%A9" title="Governorate of Chiloé">Chiloé</a> and <a href="/wiki/Governorate_of_the_R%C3%ADo_de_la_Plata" title="Governorate of the Río de la Plata">Río de la Plata</a> to inquire about the men who disappeared at Evangelistas Islets.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarros_Arana2000120-39">[37]</a> However no information about their fate came forth and it is presumed that the boat <a href="/wiki/Shipwreck" title="Shipwreck">wrecked</a> in the same storm that forced the remaining party to leave the area.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarros_Arana2000120-39">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarros_Arana2000119-40">[38]</a> Overall a total of 16–17 men perished in it.<a href="#cite_note-Urbina2016-27">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBarros_Arana2000119-40">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEde_Vea1886590-38">[36]</a> While by 1676 rumours about English bases in Western Patagonia had been dispelled, that year new rumours appeared claiming that England was preparing an expedition to settle the Straits of Magellan.<a href="#cite_note-Urbina2016acti-41">[39]</a> The focus of Spanish attention to repel tentative English settlements shifted from the Pacific coast of Patagonia to the Straits of Magellan and <a href="/wiki/Tierra_del_Fuego" title="Tierra del Fuego">Tierra del Fuego</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Urbina2016acti-41">[39]</a> Such a change, from the western archipelagoes to the strait, meant that any English settlement could be approached by Spain by land from the north, which was not the case for the islands in western Patagonia.<a href="#cite_note-Urbina2016acti-41">[39]</a> In February 1696, the first French expedition under the command of M. de Gennes reached the Strait of Magellan. The expedition is described by the French explorer, engineer, and <a href="/wiki/Hydrographer" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydrographer">hydrographer</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fran%C3%A7ois_Froger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="François Froger (page does not exist)">François Froger</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Froger" class="extiw" title="fr:François Froger">fr</a>] in his <a href="/wiki/A_Relation_of_a_Voyage" title="A Relation of a Voyage">A Relation of a Voyage</a> (1699). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="18th_century_explorations">18th century explorations</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Strait_of_Magellan&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 18th century explorations" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> In the 18th century further explorations were done by English explorers <a href="/wiki/John_Byron" title="John Byron">John Byron</a> and <a href="/wiki/James_Cook" title="James Cook">James Cook</a>. The French sent <a href="/wiki/Louis_Antoine_de_Bougainville" title="Louis Antoine de Bougainville">Louis Antoine de Bougainville</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jules_Dumont_d%27Urville" title="Jules Dumont d'Urville">Jules Dumont d'Urville</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Memoria-16">[15]</a> By 1770 the focus of <a href="/wiki/Falklands_Crisis_(1770)" class="mw-redirect" title="Falklands Crisis (1770)">a potential conflict</a> between Spain and Britain had shifted from the strait to <a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands" title="Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="19th_century">19th century</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Strait_of_Magellan&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 19th century" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Explorations">Explorations</h4> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Strait_of_Magellan&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Explorations" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> From 1826 to 1830, the strait was explored and thoroughly charted by <a href="/wiki/Phillip_Parker_King" title="Phillip Parker King">Phillip Parker King</a>, who commanded the British survey vessel <a href="/wiki/HMS_Aid_(1809)" title="HMS Aid (1809)">HMS Adventure</a>. In consort with <a href="/wiki/HMS_Beagle" title="HMS Beagle">HMS Beagle</a>, King surveyed the complex coasts around the strait. A report on the survey was presented at two meetings of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Geographical_Society" title="Royal Geographical Society">Geographical Society of London</a> in 1831.<a href="#cite_note-vaycay-17">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-42">[40]</a> In connection to these explorations <a href="/wiki/Robert_FitzRoy" title="Robert FitzRoy">Robert FitzRoy</a> came to suggest the establishment of a British base in strait to aid travel between the <a href="/wiki/British_Isles" title="British Isles">British Isles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETalbott197475-43">[41]</a> The 1837 French expedition of <a href="/wiki/Dumont_D%27Urville" class="mw-redirect" title="Dumont D'Urville">Dumont D'Urville</a> surveyed the area of <a href="/wiki/Puerto_del_Hambre" title="Puerto del Hambre">Puerto del Hambre</a> and the navigational conditions in the Strait of Magellan.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorris198922,_ff-44">[42]</a> In a report the expedition recommended that a <a href="/wiki/French_colony" class="mw-redirect" title="French colony">French colony</a> be established at the strait to support future traffic along the route.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorris198922,_ff-44">[42]</a> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Charles_Mayne" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Charles Mayne">Richard Charles Mayne</a> commanded <a href="/wiki/HMS_Nassau_(1866)" title="HMS Nassau (1866)">HMS Nassau</a> on a survey expedition to the strait from 1866 to 1869.<a href="#cite_note-45">[43]</a> The naturalist on the voyage was <a href="/wiki/Robert_Oliver_Cunningham" title="Robert Oliver Cunningham">Robert Oliver Cunningham</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECunningham2012-46">[44]</a> <a href="/wiki/Charles_Darwin" title="Charles Darwin">Charles Darwin</a> requested the Lords of the <a href="/wiki/British_Admiralty" class="mw-redirect" title="British Admiralty">Admiralty</a> to ask Mayne to collect several boatloads of fossils of extinct <a href="/wiki/Quadruped" class="mw-redirect" title="Quadruped">quadruped</a> species. Admiral Sulivan had previously discovered an astonishingly rich accumulation of fossil bones not far from the strait. These remains apparently belonged to a more ancient period than collections made by Darwin on <a href="/wiki/HMS_Beagle" title="HMS Beagle">HMS Beagle</a> and other naturalists, and therefore were of great scientific interest. Many of these fossils were collected with the aid of hydrographer Richards R. N. and deposited in the <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a>.<a href="#cite_note-47">[45]</a> The Admiralty compiled advice to mariners of the strait in 1871.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMayne187137%E2%80%9384-48">[46]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Incorporation_into_Chile">Incorporation into Chile</h4> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Strait_of_Magellan&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Incorporation into Chile" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Chilean_takeover_of_the_Strait_of_Magellan" title="Chilean takeover of the Strait of Magellan">Chilean takeover of the Strait of Magellan</a>; <a href="/wiki/East_Patagonia,_Tierra_del_Fuego_and_Strait_of_Magellan_Dispute" title="East Patagonia, Tierra del Fuego and Strait of Magellan Dispute">East Patagonia, Tierra del Fuego and Strait of Magellan Dispute</a>; <a href="/wiki/Patagonian_sheep_farming_boom" title="Patagonian sheep farming boom">Patagonian sheep farming boom</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Tierra_del_Fuego_gold_rush" title="Tierra del Fuego gold rush">Tierra del Fuego gold rush</a></div> Chile took possession of the Strait of Magellan on May 23, 1843. President <a href="/wiki/Manuel_Bulnes" title="Manuel Bulnes">Manuel Bulnes</a> ordered this expedition after consulting the Chilean <a href="/wiki/Libertadores" title="Libertadores">libertador</a> <a href="/wiki/Bernardo_O%27Higgins" title="Bernardo O'Higgins">Bernardo O'Higgins</a>, who feared an occupation by Great Britain or France. The first Chilean settlement, <a href="/wiki/Fuerte_Bulnes" title="Fuerte Bulnes">Fuerte Bulnes</a>, was situated in a forested zone on the north side of the strait, and was later abandoned. In 1848, <a href="/wiki/Punta_Arenas" title="Punta Arenas">Punta Arenas</a> was founded farther north, where the <a href="/wiki/Magellanic_subpolar_forests" title="Magellanic subpolar forests">Magellanic forests</a> meet the Patagonian plains. In Tierra del Fuego, across the strait from Punta Arenas, the village of <a href="/wiki/Porvenir,_Chile" title="Porvenir, Chile">Porvenir</a> emerged during the <a href="/wiki/Tierra_del_Fuego_gold_rush" title="Tierra del Fuego gold rush">Tierra del Fuego gold rush</a> in the late 19th century. Until the opening of the <a href="/wiki/Panama_Canal" title="Panama Canal">Panama Canal</a>, the town was an important supply stop for mariners.<a href="#cite_note-world-2">[2]</a> It has been claimed that Chile's annexation of the area originated from a fear of occupation by Great Britain or France.<a href="#cite_note-vaycay-17">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[47]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/Boundary_treaty_of_1881_between_Chile_and_Argentina" class="mw-redirect" title="Boundary treaty of 1881 between Chile and Argentina">Boundary treaty of 1881 between Chile and Argentina</a>, Argentina effectively recognized Chilean <a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">sovereignty</a> over the Strait of Magellan. Argentina had previously claimed all of the strait, or at least the eastern third of it. In the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Peace_and_Friendship_of_1984_between_Chile_and_Argentina" title="Treaty of Peace and Friendship of 1984 between Chile and Argentina">Treaty of Peace and Friendship of 1984 between Chile and Argentina</a> the conflicts between two countries were settled and Argentina ratified the strait as Chilean.<a href="#cite_note-scielo-50">[48]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Steamship_navigation">Steamship navigation</h4> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Strait_of_Magellan&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Steamship navigation" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> In 1840, the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Steam_Navigation_Company" title="Pacific Steam Navigation Company">Pacific Steam Navigation Company</a> became the first to use <a href="/wiki/Steamship" title="Steamship">steamships</a> for commercial traffic in the strait.<a href="#cite_note-vaycay-17">[16]</a> Until the Panama Canal opened in 1914, the Strait of Magellan was the main route for steamships traveling from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific. It was often considered safer than the Drake Passage separating Cape Horn from <a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a>, as the Drake Passage is notorious for turbulent and unpredictable weather, and is frequented by <a href="/wiki/Iceberg" title="Iceberg">icebergs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sea_ice" title="Sea ice">sea ice</a>. Ships in the strait, protected by Tierra del Fuego to the south and the coast of continental <a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a> to the north, crossed with relative ease, and Punta Arenas became a primary refueling port that provided coal for steamships in transit. The Strait's curving channel, with widths varying between 1.9 and 22 miles (3 to 35 km), experiences unpredictable winds and tidal currents,<a href="#cite_note-51">[49]</a> leading sailing ships to prefer the Drake Passage, where they had more room to maneuver.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWhipple1980-52">[50]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">page needed</a>]) <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century_to_present">20th century to present</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Strait_of_Magellan&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: 20th century to present" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> in 1900, <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Slocum" title="Joshua Slocum">Joshua Slocum</a> was the first documented person to have <a href="/wiki/Single-handed_sailing" title="Single-handed sailing">single-handedly sailed</a> the strait. He experienced a 40-day hiatus in the strait due to storms and adverse weather,<a href="#cite_note-54">[c]</a> while piloting the <a href="/wiki/Gaff-rigged" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaff-rigged">gaff-rigged</a> <a href="/wiki/Sloop" title="Sloop">sloop</a> <a href="/wiki/Skipjack_(boat)" title="Skipjack (boat)">oyster boat</a> <a href="/wiki/Spray_(sailing_vessel)" title="Spray (sailing vessel)">Spray</a> in the first solo global <a href="/wiki/Circumnavigation" title="Circumnavigation">circumnavigation</a>. He wrote about the experience in <a href="/wiki/Sailing_Alone_Around_the_World" title="Sailing Alone Around the World">Sailing Alone Around the World</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESlocum200689%E2%80%9390-55">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESlocum2009-56">[53]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">page needed</a>] In 1976, American <a href="/wiki/Open_water_swimmer" class="mw-redirect" title="Open water swimmer">open water swimmer</a> <a href="/wiki/Lynne_Cox" title="Lynne Cox">Lynne Cox</a> became the first person to swim across the strait. Almost 40 years later, on January 17, 2014, Hunter Wright became the youngest person to swim across the strait at age 17.<a href="#cite_note-vaycay-17">[16]</a> In June 2004, the <a href="/wiki/USS_Ronald_Reagan" title="USS Ronald Reagan">USS Ronald Reagan</a> was the first <a href="/wiki/Nuclear-powered_aircraft_carrier" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuclear-powered aircraft carrier">nuclear-powered aircraft carrier</a> to navigate the strait.<a href="#cite_note-vaycay-17">[16]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><h2 id="Features">Features</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Strait_of_Magellan&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Features" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Magellanglaciacion.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Magellanglaciacion.jpg/220px-Magellanglaciacion.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="702" data-file-height="546"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 171px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Magellanglaciacion.jpg/220px-Magellanglaciacion.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="171" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Magellanglaciacion.jpg/330px-Magellanglaciacion.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Magellanglaciacion.jpg/440px-Magellanglaciacion.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Map showing the extent of the <a href="/wiki/Patagonian_Ice_Sheet" title="Patagonian Ice Sheet">Patagonian Ice Sheet</a> in the Strait of Magellan area during the <a href="/wiki/Last_Glacial_Period" title="Last Glacial Period">Last Glacial Period</a>. Selected modern settlements are shown with yellow dots.</figcaption></figure> The strait is approximately 570 km (310 nmi; 350 mi) long and 2 km (1.1 nmi; 1.2 mi) wide at its narrowest point (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlos_III_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carlos III Island (page does not exist)">Carlos III Island</a>, west of <a href="/wiki/Cape_Froward" title="Cape Froward">Cape Froward</a>).<a href="#cite_note-cnr-57">[54]</a> The northwestern portion of the strait is connected with other sheltered waterways via the <a href="/wiki/Smyth_Channel" title="Smyth Channel">Smyth Channel</a>. This area is similar to the <a href="/wiki/Inside_Passage" title="Inside Passage">Inside Passage</a> of <a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a>. South of Cape Froward, the principal shipping route follows the <a href="/wiki/Magdalena_Channel" title="Magdalena Channel">Magdalena Channel</a>. The climate is generally foggy and cold, and the course is convoluted with several narrow passages. It is several hundred miles shorter than the <a href="/wiki/Drake_Passage" title="Drake Passage">Drake Passage</a>, but <a href="/wiki/Sailing_ship" title="Sailing ship">sailing ships</a>, particularly <a href="/wiki/Clipper_ships" class="mw-redirect" title="Clipper ships">clipper ships</a>, prefer the latter. Its major port is <a href="/wiki/Punta_Arenas" title="Punta Arenas">Punta Arenas</a>, a transshipment point for Chilean <a href="/wiki/Mutton" class="mw-redirect" title="Mutton">mutton</a> situated on the <a href="/wiki/Brunswick_Peninsula" title="Brunswick Peninsula">Brunswick Peninsula</a>.<a href="#cite_note-58">[55]</a> Exemplifying the difficulty of the passage, it took Magellan 38 days to complete the crossing.<a href="#cite_note-vaycay-17">[16]</a> The eastern opening is a wide bay on the border of Chile and Argentina between <a href="/wiki/Punta_D%C3%BAngeness" title="Punta Dúngeness">Punta Dúngeness</a> on the mainland and <a href="/wiki/Cabo_del_Esp%C3%ADritu_Santo" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabo del Espíritu Santo">Cabo del Espíritu Santo</a> ("Cape of the Holy Spirit") on Tierra del Fuego, the border as defined in the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Peace_and_Friendship_of_1984_between_Chile_and_Argentina" title="Treaty of Peace and Friendship of 1984 between Chile and Argentina">Treaty of Peace and Friendship of 1984 between Chile and Argentina</a>. Immediately west are <a href="/wiki/Primera_Angostura" title="Primera Angostura">Primera Angostura</a> and <a href="/wiki/Segunda_Angostura" title="Segunda Angostura">Segunda Angostura</a>, narrows formed by two <a href="/wiki/Terminal_moraine" title="Terminal moraine">terminal moraines</a> of different ages.<a href="#cite_note-usgs-59">[56]</a> The Primera Angostura is the closest approach of <a href="/wiki/Isla_Grande_de_Tierra_del_Fuego" title="Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego">Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego</a> to mainland South America. Farther west lies <a href="/wiki/Magdalena_Island,_Magallanes,_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Magdalena Island, Magallanes, Chile">Magdalena Island</a>, part of <a href="/wiki/Los_Ping%C3%BCinos_Natural_Monument" title="Los Pingüinos Natural Monument">Los Pingüinos Natural Monument</a>. The strait's southern boundary in the east follows first the shoreline of the Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego, then the northern end of the <a href="/wiki/Canal_Whiteside" title="Canal Whiteside">Canal Whiteside</a> and the shoreline of <a href="/wiki/Dawson_Island" title="Dawson Island">Dawson Island</a>. The western part of the strait leads northwest from the northern end of the Magdalena Channel to the strait's Pacific entrance. This is flanked on the south by <a href="/wiki/Capit%C3%A1n_Aracena_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Capitán Aracena Island">Capitán Aracena Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clarence_Island,_Chile" title="Clarence Island, Chile">Clarence Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/Santa_In%C3%A9s_Island" title="Santa Inés Island">Santa Inés Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/Desolaci%C3%B3n_Island" title="Desolación Island">Desolación Island</a> (Cabo Pilar), and other smaller islands, and on the north by <a href="/wiki/Brunswick_Peninsula" title="Brunswick Peninsula">Brunswick Peninsula</a>, <a href="/wiki/Riesco_Island" title="Riesco Island">Riesco Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mu%C3%B1oz_Gamero_Peninsula" title="Muñoz Gamero Peninsula">Muñoz Gamero Peninsula</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manuel_Rodriguez_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Manuel Rodriguez Island">Manuel Rodriguez Island</a>, and other minor islands of the <a href="/wiki/Queen_Adelaide_Archipelago" title="Queen Adelaide Archipelago">Queen Adelaide Archipelago</a>. Two narrow channels connect the strait with <a href="/wiki/Seno_Otway" title="Seno Otway">Seno Otway</a> and <a href="/wiki/Seno_Skyring" title="Seno Skyring">Seno Skyring</a>. A broader channel, <a href="/wiki/Smyth_Channel" title="Smyth Channel">Smyth Channel</a>, leads north from the strait between Muñoz Gamero Peninsula and Manuel Rodriguez Island. <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Coloane_Marine_and_Coastal_Protected_Area" title="Francisco Coloane Marine and Coastal Protected Area">Francisco Coloane Marine and Coastal Protected Area</a>, a sanctuary for <a href="/wiki/Humpback_whale" title="Humpback whale">humpback whales</a>, is located in this area. This part of the strait lies on the elongated <a href="/wiki/Magallanes-Fagnano_Fault" title="Magallanes-Fagnano Fault">Magallanes-Fagnano Fault</a>, which marks a plate boundary between the <a href="/wiki/South_American_Plate" class="mw-redirect" title="South American Plate">South American Plate</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Scotia_Plate" class="mw-redirect" title="Scotia Plate">Scotia Plate</a>. This fault continues southward under <a href="/wiki/Almirantazgo_Fjord" title="Almirantazgo Fjord">Almirantazgo Fjord</a> and then below <a href="/wiki/Fagnano_Lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Fagnano Lake">Fagnano Lake</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Lod-60">[57]</a> Possibly, new tourism industries could be established in the eastern part of the strait for watching <a href="/wiki/Southern_right_whale" title="Southern right whale">southern right whales</a>,<a href="#cite_note-61">[58]</a> as the number of observations in the area has increased in recent years.<a href="#cite_note-62">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-63">[60]</a> In the more well-defined northeastern course of the strait various bays stand out in its geography. Pecket Bay (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: bahía Pecket) is a shallow and somewhat closed bay in the strait located near where <a href="/wiki/Brunswick_Peninsula" title="Brunswick Peninsula">Brunswick Peninsula</a> is as narrowest. San Gregorio Bay (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: bahía San Gregorio) is an open bay located in the north coast of the strait.<a href="#cite_note-sealevel84-64">[61]</a> Opposite Pecket Bay is Gente Grande Bay (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: bahía Gente Grande) in Tierra del Fuego.<a href="#cite_note-sealevel84-64">[61]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><h2 id="Tides_and_weather">Tides and weather</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Strait_of_Magellan&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Tides and weather" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> On the Atlantic side, the strait is characterized by semidiurnal macrotides with mean and spring tide ranges of 7.1 and 9.0 m, respectively. On the Pacific side, tides are mixed and mainly semidiurnal, with mean and spring tide ranges of 1.1 and 1.2 m, respectively.<a href="#cite_note-65">[62]</a> There is enormous <a href="/wiki/Tidal_energy" class="mw-redirect" title="Tidal energy">tidal energy</a> potential in the strait.<a href="#cite_note-66">[63]</a> The strait is prone to <a href="/wiki/Williwaw" title="Williwaw">Williwaws</a>, "a sudden violent, cold, <a href="/wiki/Katabatic_wind" title="Katabatic wind">katabatic</a> gust of wind descending from a mountainous coast of high latitudes to the sea".<a href="#cite_note-weather-67">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-68">[d]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><h2 id="Place_names">Place names</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Strait_of_Magellan&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Place names" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> The place names of the area around the strait come from a variety of languages. Many are from Spanish and English, and several are from the <a href="/wiki/Ona_language" title="Ona language">Ona language</a>, adapted to Spanish phonology and spelling.<a href="#cite_note-69">[65]</a> Examples include <a href="/wiki/Timaukel" title="Timaukel">Timaukel</a> (a <a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(place)" title="Hamlet (place)">hamlet</a> at the east side of Tierra del Fuego), Carukinka (the end of the Almirantazgo Fjord), Anika (a channel located at 54° 7' S and 70° 30' W), and Arska (the north side of the Dawson Island). Magellan named the strait Todos los Santos,<a href="#cite_note-Memoria-16">[15]</a> as he began his voyage through the strait on November 1, 1520, the day of "All Saints" (Todos los Santos in Spanish). Charles V renamed it Estrecho de Magallanes.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Magellan named the island on the south side of the strait Tierra del Fuego, which the Yaghan people called Onaisín in the <a href="/wiki/Yaghan_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Yaghan language">Yaghan language</a>. Magellan also gave the name <a href="/wiki/Patagones" class="mw-redirect" title="Patagones">Patagones</a> to the mainland Indians, and their land was subsequently known as Patagonia.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Bahía Cordes is named for the Dutch pirate <a href="/wiki/Baltazar_de_Cordes" title="Baltazar de Cordes">Baltazar de Cordes</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMartinic1977-70">[66]</a> The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Strait_of_Magellan_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Strait of Magellan Park (page does not exist)">Strait of Magellan Park</a>, 52 km (32 mi) south of Punta Arenas, is a 250 ha (620-acre) protected area.<a href="#cite_note-71">[67]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><h2 id="Lighthouses_in_the_strait">Lighthouses in the strait</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Strait_of_Magellan&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Lighthouses in the strait" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/List_of_lighthouses_and_lightvessels_in_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="List of lighthouses and lightvessels in Chile">List of lighthouses and lightvessels in Chile</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_lighthouses_in_Chile:_NGA2328%E2%80%93NGA2718#Strait_of_Magellan_(71%C2%B0-68%C2%B0W)" title="List of lighthouses in Chile: NGA2328–NGA2718">List of lighthouses in Chile: NGA2328–NGA2718 § Strait of Magellan (71°-68°W)</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vista_Sur.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Vista_Sur.jpg/200px-Vista_Sur.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="132" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="794"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 132px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Vista_Sur.jpg/200px-Vista_Sur.jpg" data-width="200" data-height="132" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Vista_Sur.jpg/300px-Vista_Sur.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Vista_Sur.jpg/400px-Vista_Sur.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/County_of_Peebles_(ship)" title="County of Peebles (ship)">County of Peebles</a> and Cavenga are used as a <a href="/wiki/Breakwater_(structure)" title="Breakwater (structure)">breakwater</a> for the harbour at <a href="/wiki/Punta_Arenas" title="Punta Arenas">Punta Arenas</a>.</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/National_Geospatial-Intelligence_Agency" title="National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency">National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency</a> lists 41 lighthouses in the waterway. Some of them are more than a century old, and some are declared Monumento Nacional ("national monument"). Among the most notable lighthouses are: <a href="/wiki/County_of_Peebles_(ship)" title="County of Peebles (ship)">County of Peebles</a> hulk, the world's first four-masted, iron-hulled "full-rig ship",<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECumming2009-72">[68]</a> used now as a <a href="/wiki/Breakwater_(structure)" title="Breakwater (structure)">breakwater</a> for the harbour at Punta Arenas; the San Isidro lighthouse, restored in 2004 and is now a museum and lodge;<a href="#cite_note-73">[69]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Evangelistas_Lighthouse" title="Evangelistas Lighthouse">Evangelistas Lighthouse</a>, located at the western mouth of the strait and built by <a href="/wiki/George_Slight" class="mw-redirect" title="George Slight">George Slight</a>, who wrote on his arrival in 1934: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">I never imagined seeing something so wild and desolate as those emerging dark rocks in the middle of the raging waves. To see these stormy craggy rocks was frightening. With a dim light on the horizon we could see large waves crashing heavily in the western part of the islands: a vision that hardly anyone can imagine ...<a href="#cite_note-74">[70]</a></blockquote> This strait is one of the region's most popular tourist destinations. Several cruise companies ply its waters, and the lighthouses, including <a href="/wiki/Magdalena_Island,_Magallanes_Region" title="Magdalena Island, Magallanes Region">Magdalena Island Light</a>, are popular attractions.<a href="#cite_note-vaycay-17">[16]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><h2 id="Environment">Environment</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Strait_of_Magellan&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Environment" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/VLCC_Metula_oil_spill" title="VLCC Metula oil spill">VLCC Metula oil spill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Los_Ping%C3%BCinos_Natural_Monument" title="Los Pingüinos Natural Monument">Los Pingüinos Natural Monument</a>, <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Coloane_Marine_and_Coastal_Protected_Area" title="Francisco Coloane Marine and Coastal Protected Area">Francisco Coloane Marine and Coastal Protected Area</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alacalufes_National_Reserve" class="mw-redirect" title="Alacalufes National Reserve">Alacalufes National Reserve</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magallanes_National_Reserve" title="Magallanes National Reserve">Magallanes National Reserve</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Magellanic_subpolar_forests" title="Magellanic subpolar forests">Magellanic subpolar forests</a></div> Numerous protected systems are located around the strait (S.P.: Sistema Protegido; B.N.P: Bienes Nacionales Protegidos):<a href="#cite_note-75">[71]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li>B.N.P. Isla Carlos III</li> <li>B.N.P. Islote Rupert</li> <li>S.P. Cabo Espíritu Santo</li> <li>S.P. Cabo Froward</li> <li>S.P. Cabo Posesión</li> <li>S.P. Estepa Húmeda Kampenaiken Tres Chorrillos</li> <li>S.P. Isla Dawson</li> <li>S.P. Península Muñoz Gamero</li> <li>S.P. Reservas Biológicas de Río Cóndor</li> <li>S.P. San Gregorio</li> <li>S.P. San Juan</li> <li>S.P. Timaukel</li></ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><h2 id="Traffic">Traffic</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Strait_of_Magellan&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Traffic" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Punta_Arenas_con_nieve.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Punta_Arenas_con_nieve.jpeg/200px-Punta_Arenas_con_nieve.jpeg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 150px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Punta_Arenas_con_nieve.jpeg/200px-Punta_Arenas_con_nieve.jpeg" data-width="200" data-height="150" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Punta_Arenas_con_nieve.jpeg/300px-Punta_Arenas_con_nieve.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Punta_Arenas_con_nieve.jpeg/400px-Punta_Arenas_con_nieve.jpeg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Port of <a href="/wiki/Punta_Arenas" title="Punta Arenas">Punta Arenas</a> in winter</figcaption></figure> The strait provides a well-protected inland waterway sheltered from rough weather and high seas, allowing for safe navigation. Ships sail through the strait from the Pacific to the Atlantic and back, from the oceans to the <a href="/wiki/Beagle_Channel" title="Beagle Channel">Beagle Channel</a> through the <a href="/wiki/Magdalena_Channel" title="Magdalena Channel">Magdalena Channel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cockburn_Channel" title="Cockburn Channel">Cockburn Channel</a>, Paso Brecknock or Canal Ocasión, <a href="/wiki/Ballenero_Channel" title="Ballenero Channel">Ballenero Channel</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=O%27Brien_Channel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="O'Brien Channel (page does not exist)">O'Brien Channel</a>, Paso Timbales, northwest arm of the Beagle Channel and the Beagle Channel and back, and also to cross the strait from north to south and back.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">clarification needed</a>] This is the case for all traffic between the Chile and Argentina and the cities in Tierra del Fuego, <a href="/wiki/Porvenir,_Chile" title="Porvenir, Chile">Porvenir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cerro_Sombrero" title="Cerro Sombrero">Cerro Sombrero</a>, <a href="/wiki/Timaukel" title="Timaukel">Timaukel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ushuaia" title="Ushuaia">Ushuaia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/R%C3%ADo_Grande,_Argentina" class="mw-redirect" title="Río Grande, Argentina">Río Grande</a>. In 2008, 571 Chilean ships and 1,681 non-Chilean ships sailed through the strait.<a href="#cite_note-76">[72]</a> <a href="/wiki/Maritime_pilot" title="Maritime pilot">Piloting</a> is compulsory for sailing the strait. As one authority notes, "The Pilotage Regulations of the Chilean Hydrographic and Oceanographic Service ('the Regulations") provide that pilotage through the Magellan Strait is compulsory", with limited exceptions for local traffic. Who pays the fees for the pilot is subject to interpretation, however.<a href="#cite_note-77">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[74]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"><h2 id="Navigation_status">Navigation status</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Strait_of_Magellan&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Navigation status" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Peace_and_Friendship_of_1984_between_Chile_and_Argentina" title="Treaty of Peace and Friendship of 1984 between Chile and Argentina">Treaty of Peace and Friendship of 1984 between Chile and Argentina</a></div> Article 35 of the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Convention_on_the_Law_of_the_Sea" title="United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea">United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea</a> states that "Nothing in this Part affects: ... the legal regime in straits in which passage is regulated in whole or in part by long-standing international conventions in force specifically relating to such straits". Article V of the Boundary treaty of 1881 between Chile and Argentina established a legal regime for the Strait of Magellan, and in a diplomatic letter to major shipping nations in 1873, Chile promised freedom of navigation through and neutrality within the strait.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorris198968,_104-79">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[76]</a> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Strait_of_Magellan&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Gallery" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerycaption">Strait of Magellan</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><a href="/wiki/File:BarcazaMelinka.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Barcaza Melinka at Porvenir port, providing a ferry service across the strait between Punta Arenas and Porvenir"><noscript><img alt="Barcaza Melinka at Porvenir port, providing a ferry service across the strait between Punta Arenas and Porvenir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/BarcazaMelinka.jpg/240px-BarcazaMelinka.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 160px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/BarcazaMelinka.jpg/240px-BarcazaMelinka.jpg" data-alt="Barcaza Melinka at Porvenir port, providing a ferry service across the strait between Punta Arenas and Porvenir" data-width="160" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/BarcazaMelinka.jpg/360px-BarcazaMelinka.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/BarcazaMelinka.jpg/480px-BarcazaMelinka.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Barcaza Melinka at Porvenir port, providing a <a href="/wiki/Ferry" title="Ferry">ferry</a> service across the strait between Punta Arenas and Porvenir</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Strait_of_magellan_dawn.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Strait of Magellan at dawn"><noscript><img alt="The Strait of Magellan at dawn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Strait_of_magellan_dawn.jpg/240px-Strait_of_magellan_dawn.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="576" data-file-height="432"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 160px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Strait_of_magellan_dawn.jpg/240px-Strait_of_magellan_dawn.jpg" data-alt="The Strait of Magellan at dawn" data-width="160" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Strait_of_magellan_dawn.jpg/360px-Strait_of_magellan_dawn.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Strait_of_magellan_dawn.jpg/480px-Strait_of_magellan_dawn.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Strait of Magellan at dawn</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 94px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 92px;"><a href="/wiki/File:StraitOfMagellan.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A true-color MODIS satellite image of the strait"><noscript><img alt="A true-color MODIS satellite image of the strait" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/StraitOfMagellan.jpg/138px-StraitOfMagellan.jpg" decoding="async" width="92" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 92px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/StraitOfMagellan.jpg/138px-StraitOfMagellan.jpg" data-alt="A true-color MODIS satellite image of the strait" data-width="92" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/StraitOfMagellan.jpg/208px-StraitOfMagellan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/StraitOfMagellan.jpg/277px-StraitOfMagellan.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext">A true-color <a href="/wiki/MODIS" class="mw-redirect" title="MODIS">MODIS</a> satellite image of the strait</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 186.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 184.66666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/File:USSRONALDREAGANgoodshot.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="U.S. Navy carrier USS Ronald Reagan in the strait"><noscript><img alt="U.S. Navy carrier USS Ronald Reagan in the strait" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/USSRONALDREAGANgoodshot.jpg/277px-USSRONALDREAGANgoodshot.jpg" decoding="async" width="185" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1368"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 185px;height: 120px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/USSRONALDREAGANgoodshot.jpg/277px-USSRONALDREAGANgoodshot.jpg" data-alt="U.S. Navy carrier USS Ronald Reagan in the strait" data-width="185" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/USSRONALDREAGANgoodshot.jpg/415px-USSRONALDREAGANgoodshot.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/USSRONALDREAGANgoodshot.jpg/553px-USSRONALDREAGANgoodshot.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/U.S._Navy" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Navy">U.S. Navy</a> carrier <a href="/wiki/USS_Ronald_Reagan" title="USS Ronald Reagan">USS Ronald Reagan</a> in the strait</div> </li> </ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Strait_of_Magellan&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><noscript><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/28px-Terra.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 28px;height: 28px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/28px-Terra.png" data-alt="icon" data-width="28" data-height="28" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/42px-Terra.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/56px-Terra.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Geography" title="Portal:Geography">Geography portal</a></li></ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agostini_Fjord" class="mw-redirect" title="Agostini Fjord">Agostini Fjord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archipelagoes_of_Patagonia" title="Archipelagoes of Patagonia">Archipelagoes of Patagonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%ADa_Posesi%C3%B3n" title="Bahía Posesión">Bahía Posesión</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaver_eradication_in_Tierra_del_Fuego" class="mw-redirect" title="Beaver eradication in Tierra del Fuego">Beaver eradication in Tierra del Fuego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Route" title="Cape Route">Cape Route</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_Divide_of_the_Americas" title="Continental Divide of the Americas">Continental Divide of the Americas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploration_of_the_Pacific" title="Exploration of the Pacific">Exploration of the Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fjords_and_channels_of_Chile" title="Fjords and channels of Chile">Fjords and channels of Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Chile" title="Geography of Chile">Geography of Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islands_of_Chile" title="Islands of Chile">Islands of Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Antarctic_and_subantarctic_islands" title="List of Antarctic and subantarctic islands">List of Antarctic and subantarctic islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fjords,_channels,_sounds_and_straits_of_Chile" title="List of fjords, channels, sounds and straits of Chile">List of fjords, channels, sounds and straits of Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Chile" title="List of islands of Chile">List of islands of Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_things_named_after_Ferdinand_Magellan" title="List of things named after Ferdinand Magellan">List of things named after Ferdinand Magellan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magallanes_Region" title="Magallanes Region">Magallanes Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monte_Sarmiento" title="Monte Sarmiento">Monte Sarmiento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punta_Arenas" title="Punta Arenas">Punta Arenas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Magellan%E2%80%93Elcano_circumnavigation" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of the Magellan–Elcano circumnavigation">Timeline of the Magellan–Elcano circumnavigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transit_passage" title="Transit passage">Transit passage</a></li></ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(11)"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Strait_of_Magellan&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Footnotes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-11 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-11"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> See also: <a href="/wiki/Pre-Columbian_trans-oceanic_contact_theories" class="mw-redirect" title="Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact theories">Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact theories</a>, <a href="/wiki/Exploration_of_North_America" title="Exploration of North America">Exploration of North America</a>, <a href="/wiki/Waldseem%C3%BCller_map" title="Waldseemüller map">Waldseemüller map</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madoc" title="Madoc">Madoc</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Norse_colonization_of_North_America" title="Norse colonization of North America">Norse colonization of North America</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> Later this has served Chilean and Argentine governments to claim <a href="/wiki/Terra_Australis" title="Terra Australis">Terra Australis</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tierra_del_Fuego" title="Tierra del Fuego">Tierra del Fuego</a> and by extension the continent of Antarctica was in effect claimed by Spain and that an <a href="/wiki/Acquisition_of_sovereignty" title="Acquisition of sovereignty">animus occupandi</a> existed on the part of Spain in the lands south of the strait.<a href="#cite_note-Prieto2004-20">[19]</a> Spain's sovereignty claim over this territory was internationally recognized with the <a href="/wiki/Inter_caetera" title="Inter caetera">Inter caetera</a> bull of 1493 and the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Tordesillas" title="Treaty of Tordesillas">Treaty of Tordesillas</a> of 1494.<a href="#cite_note-Prieto2004-20">[19]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> In <a href="/w/index.php?title=Port_Angosto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Port Angosto (page does not exist)">Port Angosto</a>, Strait of Magellan, the Spray was re-rigged as a <a href="/wiki/Yawl" title="Yawl">yawl</a> by adding a jigger.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESlocum1919127-53">[51]</a> "I also mended the sloop's sails and rigging, and fitted a jigger, which changed the rig to a yawl [...]"</ref> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> The <a href="/wiki/Aleutian_Islands" title="Aleutian Islands">Aleutian Islands</a> exhibit the same phenomenon.<a href="#cite_note-weather-67">[64]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(12)"><h2 id="References">References</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Strait_of_Magellan&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-12 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-12"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 25em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-SM-1"><a href="#cite_ref-SM_1-0">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCrum" class="citation web cs1">Crum, Haley. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-man-who-sailed-the-world-155994800/">"The Man Who Sailed the World"</a>. 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Retrieved October 23, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Smithsonianmag.com&rft.atitle=The+Man+Who+Sailed+the+World&rft.aulast=Crum&rft.aufirst=Haley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smithsonianmag.com%2Fhistory%2Fthe-man-who-sailed-the-world-155994800%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-world-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-world_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-world_2-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldatlas.com/aatlas/infopage/magellan.htm">"Straight Of Magellan – Map & Description"</a>. worldatlas.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191019104743/https://www.worldatlas.com/aatlas/infopage/magellan.htm">Archived</a> from the original on October 19, 2019. 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Magellan Strait Travel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191022084800/http://magellanstraittravel.blogspot.com/">Archived</a> from the original on October 22, 2019. Retrieved October 23, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=magellanstraittravel&rft.atitle=Strait+of+Magellan%2C+a+voyage+throughout+History+XVI-XXI+centuries&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmagellanstraittravel.blogspot.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ncbi-5"><a href="#cite_ref-ncbi_5-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_la_FuenteÁvila-ArcosGalimanyCarpenter2018" class="citation journal cs1">de la Fuente, C.; Ávila-Arcos, M. C.; Galimany, J.; Carpenter, M. L.; Homburger, J. R.; Blanco, A.; Contreras, P.; Cruz Dávalos, D.; Reyes, O.; San Roman, M.; Moreno-Estrada, A.; Campos, P. F.; Eng, C.; Huntsman, S.; Burchard, E. G.; Malaspinas, A. S.; Bustamante, C. D.; Willerslev, E.; Llop, E.; Verdugo, R. A.; Moraga, M. (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5924884">"Genomic insights into the origin and diversification of late maritime hunter-gatherers from the Chilean Patagonia"</a>. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 115 (17): E4006–E4012. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018PNAS..115E4006D">2018PNAS..115E4006D</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.1715688115">10.1073/pnas.1715688115</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5924884">5924884</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29632188">29632188</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Academy+of+Sciences+of+the+United+States+of+America&rft.atitle=Genomic+insights+into+the+origin+and+diversification+of+late+maritime+hunter-gatherers+from+the+Chilean+Patagonia&rft.volume=115&rft.issue=17&rft.pages=E4006-E4012&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5924884%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F29632188&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1073%2Fpnas.1715688115&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2018PNAS..115E4006D&rft.aulast=de+la+Fuente&rft.aufirst=C.&rft.au=%C3%81vila-Arcos%2C+M.+C.&rft.au=Galimany%2C+J.&rft.au=Carpenter%2C+M.+L.&rft.au=Homburger%2C+J.+R.&rft.au=Blanco%2C+A.&rft.au=Contreras%2C+P.&rft.au=Cruz+D%C3%A1valos%2C+D.&rft.au=Reyes%2C+O.&rft.au=San+Roman%2C+M.&rft.au=Moreno-Estrada%2C+A.&rft.au=Campos%2C+P.+F.&rft.au=Eng%2C+C.&rft.au=Huntsman%2C+S.&rft.au=Burchard%2C+E.+G.&rft.au=Malaspinas%2C+A.+S.&rft.au=Bustamante%2C+C.+D.&rft.au=Willerslev%2C+E.&rft.au=Llop%2C+E.&rft.au=Verdugo%2C+R.+A.&rft.au=Moraga%2C+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5924884&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ipsnews-6"><a href="#cite_ref-ipsnews_6-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEspinoza2003" class="citation web cs1">Espinoza, María Cecilia (November 27, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ipsnews.net/2003/11/rights-chile-a-new-deal-for-indigenous-groups/">"RIGHTS-CHILE: A 'New Deal' for Indigenous Groups"</a>. ipsnews. Inter Press Service. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191023204040/http://www.ipsnews.net/2003/11/rights-chile-a-new-deal-for-indigenous-groups/">Archived</a> from the original on October 23, 2019. Retrieved October 23, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ipsnews&rft.atitle=RIGHTS-CHILE%3A+A+%27New+Deal%27+for+Indigenous+Groups&rft.date=2003-11-27&rft.aulast=Espinoza&rft.aufirst=Mar%C3%ADa+Cecilia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ipsnews.net%2F2003%2F11%2Frights-chile-a-new-deal-for-indigenous-groups%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAeberhardBensonO'BrienPhillips2010501-7"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAeberhardBensonO'BrienPhillips2010501_7-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFAeberhardBensonO'BrienPhillips2010">Aeberhard et al. 2010</a>, p. 501. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMostny201121-8"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMostny201121_8-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMostny2011">Mostny 2011</a>, p. 21. </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cyt-ar.com.ar/cyt-ar/index.php/Selk%27nam">"Selk'nam"</a>. La enciclopedia de ciencias y tecnologías en Argentina (in Spanish). December 1, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210428163410/https://cyt-ar.com.ar/cyt-ar/index.php/Selk%27nam">Archived</a> from the original on April 28, 2021. Retrieved December 23, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Selk%27nam&rft.btitle=La+enciclopedia+de+ciencias+y+tecnolog%C3%ADas+en+Argentina&rft.date=2013-12-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcyt-ar.com.ar%2Fcyt-ar%2Findex.php%2FSelk%2527nam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-chap1973-10">^ <a href="#cite_ref-chap1973_10-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-chap1973_10-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChapmanHester1973" class="citation journal cs1">Chapman, Anne; Hester, Thomas R. (1973). "New data on the archaeology of the Haush: Tierra del Fuego". Journal de la Société des Américaniste. 62: 185–208. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3406%2Fjsa.1973.2088">10.3406/jsa.1973.2088</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+de+la+Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9+des+Am%C3%A9ricaniste&rft.atitle=New+data+on+the+archaeology+of+the+Haush%3A+Tierra+del+Fuego&rft.volume=62&rft.pages=185-208&rft.date=1973&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3406%2Fjsa.1973.2088&rft.aulast=Chapman&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.au=Hester%2C+Thomas+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMontecino_Aguirre2015125-11"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMontecino_Aguirre2015125_11-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMontecino_Aguirre2015">Montecino Aguirre 2015</a>, p. 125. </li> <li id="cite_note-Richardson-12">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Richardson_12-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Richardson_12-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichardson2003" class="citation journal cs1">Richardson, William A.R. (2003). "South America on Maps before Columbus? Martellus's 'Dragon's Tail' Peninsula". <a href="/wiki/Imago_Mundi" title="Imago Mundi">Imago Mundi</a>. 55: 25–37. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F0308569032000097477">10.1080/0308569032000097477</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:129171245">129171245</a>. <q>For some decades a group of scholars in Latin America has been claiming that this so-called 'Dragon's Tail' peninsula is really a pre-Columbian map of South America. In this paper, the cartographical and place-name evidence is examined, showing that the identification has not been proved, and that perceived similarities between the river and coastal outlines on this 'Dragon's Tail' peninsula and those of South America are fortuitous.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Imago+Mundi&rft.atitle=South+America+on+Maps+before+Columbus%3F+Martellus%27s+%27Dragon%27s+Tail%27+Peninsula&rft.volume=55&rft.pages=25-37&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F0308569032000097477&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A129171245%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Richardson&rft.aufirst=William+A.R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEde_ZuraraPrestageBeazley2010cxiv-13"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEde_ZuraraPrestageBeazley2010cxiv_13-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFde_ZuraraPrestageBeazley2010">de Zurara, Prestage & Beazley 2010</a>, p. cxiv. </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ferdinand-Magellan/Discovery-of-the-Strait-of-Magellan#ref186919">"Ferdinand Magellan, Discovery of the Strait of Magellan"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200807153747/https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ferdinand-Magellan/Discovery-of-the-Strait-of-Magellan#ref186919">Archived</a> from the original on August 7, 2020. Retrieved October 18, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ferdinand+Magellan%2C+Discovery+of+the+Strait+of+Magellan&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FFerdinand-Magellan%2FDiscovery-of-the-Strait-of-Magellan%23ref186919&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Memoria-16">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Memoria_16-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Memoria_16-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Memoria_16-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Memoria_16-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Memoria_16-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Memoria_16-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Memoria_16-6">g</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.memoriachilena.cl/temas/index.asp?id_ut=hernandodemagallanes%281480-1521%29yeldescubrimientodelestrecho">"Navegantes europeos en el estrecho de Magallanes [Discovery and recognition of the territory: European navigators in the Strait of Magellan]"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Memoria_Chilena" title="Memoria Chilena">Memoria Chilena</a> (in Spanish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220121050907/http://www.memoriachilena.gob.cl/602/w3-article-641.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 21, 2022. Retrieved October 20, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Memoria+Chilena&rft.atitle=Navegantes+europeos+en+el+estrecho+de+Magallanes+%5BDiscovery+and+recognition+of+the+territory%3A+European+navigators+in+the+Strait+of+Magellan%5D&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.memoriachilena.cl%2Ftemas%2Findex.asp%3Fid_ut%3Dhernandodemagallanes%25281480-1521%2529yeldescubrimientodelestrecho&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-vaycay-17">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vaycay_17-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-vaycay_17-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-vaycay_17-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-vaycay_17-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-vaycay_17-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-vaycay_17-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-vaycay_17-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-vaycay_17-7">h</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vacayholics.com/facts-about-strait-of-magellan">"Little-known Facts About the Hazardous Strait of Magellan"</a>. Vacayholics. January 22, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191018170737/https://vacayholics.com/facts-about-strait-of-magellan">Archived</a> from the original on October 18, 2019. Retrieved October 18, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Little-known+Facts+About+the+Hazardous+Strait+of+Magellan&rft.pub=Vacayholics&rft.date=2015-01-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvacayholics.com%2Ffacts-about-strait-of-magellan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurphyCoye2013-18">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurphyCoye2013_18-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurphyCoye2013_18-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFMurphyCoye2013">Murphy & Coye 2013</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBergreen2003194-19">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBergreen2003194_19-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBergreen2003194_19-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFBergreen2003">Bergreen 2003</a>, p. 194. </li> <li id="cite_note-Prieto2004-20">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Prieto2004_20-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Prieto2004_20-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Prieto2004_20-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPrieto_Larrain2004" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Prieto Larrain, M. Cristina (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-23762004000100008">"El Tratado Antártico, vehículo de paz en un campo minado"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Revista_Universum" class="mw-redirect" title="Revista Universum">Revista Universum</a> (in Spanish). 19 (1). <a href="/wiki/University_of_Talca" title="University of Talca">University of Talca</a>: 138–147. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210920212804/https://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-23762004000100008">Archived</a> from the original on September 20, 2021. 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El estrecho de Magallanes y su condición de "pasaje-mundo" en el siglo XVI"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Historia_(history_of_the_Americas_journal)" title="Historia (history of the Americas journal)">Historia</a> (in Spanish). 53 (2): 521–559. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4067%2FS0717-71942020000200521">10.4067/S0717-71942020000200521</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Historia&rft.atitle=Geopol%C3%ADtica+americana+a+escala+global.+El+estrecho+de+Magallanes+y+su+condici%C3%B3n+de+%22pasaje-mundo%22+en+el+siglo+XVI&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=521-559&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4067%2FS0717-71942020000200521&rft.aulast=Onetto+Pavez&rft.aufirst=Mauricio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scielo.cl%2Fscielo.php%3Fpid%3DS0717-71942020000200521%26script%3Dsci_arttext&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PerezVersiones2020-23">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PerezVersiones2020_23-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PerezVersiones2020_23-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PerezVersiones2020_23-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PerezVersiones2020_23-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PerezVersiones2020_23-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PerezVersiones2020_23-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-PerezVersiones2020_23-6">g</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPérez2020" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Pérez, Ezequiel (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scielo.conicyt.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-22442020000300029&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=es">"Versiones del Estrecho de Magallanes. El paso interoceánico desde la primera circunnavegación del mundo hasta la conquista del reino de Chile (1520-1552)"</a> [Versions of the strait of Magellan. The interoceanic passage from the first circumnavigation of the world to the conquest of the kingdom of Chile (1519-1520-1552)]. <a href="/wiki/Magallania" title="Magallania">Magallania</a> (in Spanish). 48 (especial): 29–44. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4067%2FS0718-22442020000300029">10.4067/S0718-22442020000300029</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211215183412/https://scielo.conicyt.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-22442020000300029&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=es">Archived</a> from the original on December 15, 2021. Retrieved February 12, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Magallania&rft.atitle=Versiones+del+Estrecho+de+Magallanes.+El+paso+interoce%C3%A1nico+desde+la+primera+circunnavegaci%C3%B3n+del+mundo+hasta+la+conquista+del+reino+de+Chile+%281520-1552%29&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=especial&rft.pages=29-44&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4067%2FS0718-22442020000300029&rft.aulast=P%C3%A9rez&rft.aufirst=Ezequiel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscielo.conicyt.cl%2Fscielo.php%3Fscript%3Dsci_arttext%26pid%3DS0718-22442020000300029%26lng%3Den%26nrm%3Diso%26tlng%3Des&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarros1981" class="citation journal cs1">Barros, José Miguel (1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bibliotecadigital.umag.cl/bitstream/handle/20.500.11893/795/Barros_Anales_1981_vol12_pp31-40.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y">"Expedición al estrecho de Magallanes en 1553: Gerónimo de Vivar y Hernando Gallego"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Anales_del_Instituto_de_la_Patagonia" title="Anales del Instituto de la Patagonia">Anales del Instituto de la Patagonia</a>. 12: 31–40. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211119232818/http://www.bibliotecadigital.umag.cl/bitstream/handle/20.500.11893/795/Barros_Anales_1981_vol12_pp31-40.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on November 19, 2021. Retrieved March 7, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Anales+del+Instituto+de+la+Patagonia&rft.atitle=Expedici%C3%B3n+al+estrecho+de+Magallanes+en+1553%3A+Ger%C3%B3nimo+de+Vivar+y+Hernando+Gallego&rft.volume=12&rft.pages=31-40&rft.date=1981&rft.aulast=Barros&rft.aufirst=Jos%C3%A9+Miguel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bibliotecadigital.umag.cl%2Fbitstream%2Fhandle%2F20.500.11893%2F795%2FBarros_Anales_1981_vol12_pp31-40.pdf%3Fsequence%3D1%26isAllowed%3Dy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarría_González1994" class="citation journal cs1">Barría González, Juan (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://revistamarina.cl/revistas/1994/6/barria.pdf">"Juan Bautista Pastene: Primer almirande del mar chileno"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Revista_de_Marina" title="Revista de Marina">Revista de Marina</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://revistamarina.cl/revistas/1994/6/barria.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on October 9, 2022. Retrieved March 7, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Revista+de+Marina&rft.atitle=Juan+Bautista+Pastene%3A+Primer+almirande+del+mar+chileno&rft.date=1994&rft.aulast=Barr%C3%ADa+Gonz%C3%A1lez&rft.aufirst=Juan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frevistamarina.cl%2Frevistas%2F1994%2F6%2Fbarria.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPinochet_UgarteVillaroel_CarmonaLepe_OrellanaFuente-Alba_Poblete1997" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Augusto_Pinochet" title="Augusto Pinochet">Pinochet Ugarte, Augusto</a>; Villaroel Carmona, Rafael; Lepe Orellana, Jaime; <a href="/wiki/Juan_Miguel_Fuente-Alba" title="Juan Miguel Fuente-Alba">Fuente-Alba Poblete, J. Miguel</a>; Fuenzalida Helms, Eduardo (1997) [1984]. Historia militar de Chile (in Spanish). Vol. I (3rd ed.). Biblioteca Militar. p. 25.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historia+militar+de+Chile&rft.pages=25&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Biblioteca+Militar&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Pinochet+Ugarte&rft.aufirst=Augusto&rft.au=Villaroel+Carmona%2C+Rafael&rft.au=Lepe+Orellana%2C+Jaime&rft.au=Fuente-Alba+Poblete%2C+J.+Miguel&rft.au=Fuenzalida+Helms%2C+Eduardo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Urbina2016-27">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Urbina2016_27-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Urbina2016_27-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Urbina2016_27-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Urbina2016_27-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUrbina_Carrasco2016" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Ximena_Urbina" title="Ximena Urbina">Urbina Carrasco, Ximena</a> (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chungara.cl/Vols/2016/48-1/07-URBINA.pdf">"Interacciones entre españoles de Chiloé y Chonos en los siglos XVII y XVIII: Pedro y Francisco Delco, Ignacio y Cristóbal Talcapillán y Martín Olleta"</a> [Interactions between Spaniards of Chiloé and Chonos in the XVII and XVII centuries: Pedro and Francisco Delco, Ignacio and Cristóbal Talcapillán and Martín Olleta] (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Chungara_(journal)" title="Chungara (journal)">Chungara</a> (in Spanish). 48 (1): 103–114. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210224182815/http://www.chungara.cl/Vols/2016/48-1/07-URBINA.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on February 24, 2021. Retrieved December 21, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chungara&rft.atitle=Interacciones+entre+espa%C3%B1oles+de+Chilo%C3%A9+y+Chonos+en+los+siglos+XVII+y+XVIII%3A+Pedro+y+Francisco+Delco%2C+Ignacio+y+Crist%C3%B3bal+Talcapill%C3%A1n+y+Mart%C3%ADn+Olleta&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=103-114&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=Urbina+Carrasco&rft.aufirst=Ximena&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chungara.cl%2FVols%2F2016%2F48-1%2F07-URBINA.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-torrejon-28"><a href="#cite_ref-torrejon_28-0">^</a> Torrejón, Fernando; Cisternas, Marco; Alvial, Ingrid and Torres, Laura. 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scielo.cl/pdf/magallania/v39n2/art06.pdf">Consecuencias de la tala maderera colonial en los bosques de alece de Chiloé, sur de Chile (Siglos XVI-XIX)*</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131203030801/http://www.scielo.cl/pdf/magallania/v39n2/art06.pdf">Archived</a> December 3, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <a href="/wiki/Magallania" title="Magallania">Magallania</a>. Vol. 39(2):75–95. </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080309194723/http://www.artehistoria.jcyl.es/cronicas/contextos/10105.htm">Relación y derrotero del viaje y descubrimiento del Estrecho de la Madre de Dios - antes llamado de Magallanes</a> (in Spanish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.artehistoria.jcyl.es/cronicas/contextos/10105.htm">the original</a> on March 9, 2008. <q>Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa, según Amancio Landín, uno de sus más reputados biógrafos, nació en Pontevedra, hacia 1532. Julio Guillén --el marino-académico--, por su parte, dice que es posible fuera Colegial Mayor en la Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, ciudad que fue --asegura-- cuna del gran marino español. Este, no ha dejado aclarada la duda sobre su origen geográfico, pues afirmó ser natural de ambos lugares.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Relaci%C3%B3n+y+derrotero+del+viaje+y+descubrimiento+del+Estrecho+de+la+Madre+de+Dios+-+antes+llamado+de+Magallanes&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.artehistoria.jcyl.es%2Fcronicas%2Fcontextos%2F10105.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMarkham2016-30"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMarkham2016_30-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMarkham2016">Markham 2016</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogpatagonia.australis.com/history-strait-of-magellan/">"History of the Strait of Magellan"</a>. 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Retrieved December 22, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Magallania&rft.atitle=La+sospecha+de+ingleses+en+el+extremo+sur+de+Chile%2C+1669-1683%3A+Actitudes+imperiales+y+locales+como+consecuencia+de+la+expedici%C3%B3n+de+John+Narborough&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=15-40&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4067%2FS0718-22442016000100002&rft.aulast=Urbina+C.&rft.aufirst=Mar%C3%ADa+Ximena&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscielo.conicyt.cl%2Fscielo.php%3Fpid%3DS0718-22442016000100002%26script%3Dsci_arttext&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKing1839" class="citation cs2">King, P. P. 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Retrieved March 11, 2020. <q>Chile succeeded in making Argentina's claim to the existence of an "Argentine Strait of Magellan" disappear, which that country postulated in a small triangle to the east of the Dungeness - Espiritu Santo line, enclosing Espiritu Santo with Cape Virgins, when Argentina recognized that the eastern end of the Strait of Magellan is that straight line, but at a high price, since it generated Argentina's jurisdiction over all waters, soils and subsoils to the east of the Dungeness - Espiritu Santo line, in Atlantic waters</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Revista+Chilena+de+Derecho&rft.atitle=CONDICI%C3%93N+JUR%C3%8DDICA+DEL+ESTRECHO+DE+MAGALLANES&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=457-485&rft.date=2011-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4067%2FS0718-34372011000300003&rft.au=John+Ranson+Garc%C3%ADa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscielo.conicyt.cl%2Fscielo.php%3Fscript%3Dsci_arttext%26pid%3DS0718-34372011000300003%23a19&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://landedtravel.com/strait-of-magellan-everything-you-need-to-know/">"The Strait Of Magellan: Everything You Need To Know"</a>. 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Retrieved September 4, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Philological+Studies&rft.atitle=Sustrato+y+superestrato+multiling%C3%BCes+en+la+toponimia+del+extremo+sur+de+Chile+%5BMultilingual+substratum+and+superstratum+in+the+toponymy+of+the+south+of+Chile%5D&rft.issue=33&rft.pages=55-67&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4067%2FS0071-17131998003300004&rft.aulast=Latorre&rft.aufirst=Guillermo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scielo.cl%2Fscielo.php%3Fscript%3Dsci_arttext%26pid%3DS0071-17131998003300004%26lng%3Den%26nrm%3Diso&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMartinic1977-70"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMartinic1977_70-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMartinic1977">Martinic 1977</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://straitofmagellanpark.cl">"Strait of Magellan Park"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190422094054/https://straitofmagellanpark.cl/">Archived</a> from the original on April 22, 2019. Retrieved October 18, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Strait+of+Magellan+Park&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstraitofmagellanpark.cl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECumming2009-72"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECumming2009_72-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFCumming2009">Cumming 2009</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130916120632/http://www.hosteriafarosanisidro.cl/">"Hostería Faro san Isidro"</a>. hosteriafarosanisidro.cl. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hosteriafarosanisidro.cl/">the original</a> on September 16, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=hosteriafarosanisidro.cl&rft.atitle=Hoster%C3%ADa+Faro+san+Isidro&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hosteriafarosanisidro.cl%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a> Quoted at <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://200.bellrock.org.uk/biographies.htm">"Bell Rock Bicentennial : Biographies"</a>. 200.bellrock.org.uk. June 26, 1934. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131021205534/http://200.bellrock.org.uk/biographies.htm">Archived</a> from the original on October 21, 2013. Retrieved September 18, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bell+Rock+Bicentennial+%3A+Biographies&rft.pub=200.bellrock.org.uk&rft.date=1934-06-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F200.bellrock.org.uk%2Fbiographies.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mapas.mop.cl/mapas_ambientales.html">Mapas ambientales de Ministerio de Obras Públicas</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130519071153/http://www.mapas.mop.cl/mapas_ambientales.html">Archived</a> May 19, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, retrieved on 26 August 2013 </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.directemar.cl/pilotaje/PaginaB.html">"Estrecho De Magallanes"</a>. Web.directemar.cl. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131002101954/http://web.directemar.cl/pilotaje/PaginaB.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 2, 2013. Retrieved September 18, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Estrecho+De+Magallanes&rft.pub=Web.directemar.cl&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.directemar.cl%2Fpilotaje%2FPaginaB.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.standard-club.com/news-and-knowledge/latest-updates/2015/02/web-alert-magellan-strait-pilotage-is-it-compulsory-or-not-and-who-pays-for-the-pilotage-fees.aspx">"Web alert: Magellan Strait Pilotage - is it compulsory and who should pay the fees?"</a>. The Standard Club. Charles Taylor, P.L.C. February 23, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191018232054/https://www.standard-club.com/news-and-knowledge/latest-updates/2015/02/web-alert-magellan-strait-pilotage-is-it-compulsory-or-not-and-who-pays-for-the-pilotage-fees.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on October 18, 2019. Retrieved October 18, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Standard+Club&rft.atitle=Web+alert%3A+Magellan+Strait+Pilotage+-+is+it+compulsory+and+who+should+pay+the+fees%3F&rft.date=2015-02-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.standard-club.com%2Fnews-and-knowledge%2Flatest-updates%2F2015%2F02%2Fweb-alert-magellan-strait-pilotage-is-it-compulsory-or-not-and-who-pays-for-the-pilotage-fees.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChilean_Navy" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Chilean_Navy" title="Chilean Navy">Chilean Navy</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121008025907/http://web.directemar.cl/pilotaje/pageA.html">"General piloting regulations and information"</a>, Strait of Magellan, Chilean Channels and Fiords; Regulations and information for Piloting. Routes (in Spanish), Chilean Navy, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.directemar.cl/pilotaje/pageA.html">the original</a> on October 8, 2012, retrieved April 16, 2013, <q>Pilotage is compulsory for navigating inner waters, between Canal de Chacao and Cabo de Hornos.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=General+piloting+regulations+and+information&rft.btitle=Strait+of+Magellan%2C+Chilean+Channels+and+Fiords%3B+Regulations+and+information+for+Piloting.+Routes&rft.pub=Chilean+Navy&rft.au=Chilean+Navy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.directemar.cl%2Fpilotaje%2FpageA.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorris198968,_104-79"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorris198968,_104_79-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMorris1989">Morris 1989</a>, pp. 68, 104. </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> See also Chilean note to the <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/Depts/los/doalos_publications/LOSBulletins/bulletinsp/bulsp35.pdf">"UN Law of Sea, Declaración formulada al momento de la ratificación"</a> (PDF) (in Spanish). p. 9. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303183245/http://www.un.org/Depts/los/doalos_publications/LOSBulletins/bulletinsp/bulsp35.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved June 29, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UN+Law+of+Sea%2C+Declaraci%C3%B3n+formulada+al+momento+de+la+ratificaci%C3%B3n&rft.pages=9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2FDepts%2Flos%2Fdoalos_publications%2FLOSBulletins%2Fbulletinsp%2Fbulsp35.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Works_cited">Works cited</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Strait_of_Magellan&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Works cited" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAeberhardBensonO'BrienPhillips2010" class="citation book cs1">Aeberhard, Danny; Benson, Andrew; O'Brien, Rosalba; Phillips, Lucy (October 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ISBN9781848365216">The Rough Guide to Argentina</a>. Rough Guides Limited. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84836-521-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84836-521-6"><bdi>978-1-84836-521-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rough+Guide+to+Argentina&rft.pub=Rough+Guides+Limited&rft.date=2010-10&rft.isbn=978-1-84836-521-6&rft.aulast=Aeberhard&rft.aufirst=Danny&rft.au=Benson%2C+Andrew&rft.au=O%27Brien%2C+Rosalba&rft.au=Phillips%2C+Lucy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DISBN9781848365216&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarros_Arana2000" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Diego_Barros_Arana" title="Diego Barros Arana">Barros Arana, Diego</a> (2000) [1884]. "Capítulo VI". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.memoriachilena.gob.cl/602/w3-article-7989.html">Historia General de Chile</a> (in Spanish) (2 ed.). Santiago, Chile: <a href="/wiki/Editorial_Universitaria" title="Editorial Universitaria">Editorial Universitaria</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-956-11-1535-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-956-11-1535-4"><bdi>978-956-11-1535-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Cap%C3%ADtulo+VI&rft.btitle=Historia+General+de+Chile&rft.place=Santiago%2C+Chile&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=Editorial+Universitaria&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-956-11-1535-4&rft.aulast=Barros+Arana&rft.aufirst=Diego&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.memoriachilena.gob.cl%2F602%2Fw3-article-7989.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBergreen2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Bergreen" title="Laurence Bergreen">Bergreen, Laurence</a> (October 14, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/overedgeofworl00berg/page/194">Over the Edge of the World</a>. <a href="/wiki/Harper_Perennial" title="Harper Perennial">Harper Perennial</a>. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/overedgeofworl00berg/page/194">194</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-06-621173-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-06-621173-2"><bdi>978-0-06-621173-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Over+the+Edge+of+the+World&rft.pages=194&rft.pub=Harper+Perennial&rft.date=2003-10-14&rft.isbn=978-0-06-621173-2&rft.aulast=Bergreen&rft.aufirst=Laurence&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foveredgeofworl00berg%2Fpage%2F194&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_ZuraraPrestageBeazley2010" class="citation book cs1">de Zurara, Gomes Eanes; Prestage, Edgar; Beazley, C.R. (2010). The Chronicle of the Discovery and Conquest of Guinea. Vol. 2. New York, NY: Hayklut Society; <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-108-01390-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-108-01390-1"><bdi>978-1-108-01390-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Chronicle+of+the+Discovery+and+Conquest+of+Guinea&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pub=Hayklut+Society%3B+Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-108-01390-1&rft.aulast=de+Zurara&rft.aufirst=Gomes+Eanes&rft.au=Prestage%2C+Edgar&rft.au=Beazley%2C+C.R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCumming2009" class="citation book cs1">Cumming, Bill (2009). Gone: A chronicle of the seafarers & fabulous clipper ships of R. & J. Craig of Glasgow: Craig's "Counties". Glasgow: Brown, Son, and Ferguson. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84927-013-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84927-013-7"><bdi>978-1-84927-013-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gone%3A+A+chronicle+of+the+seafarers+%26+fabulous+clipper+ships+of+R.+%26+J.+Craig+of+Glasgow%3A+Craig%27s+%22Counties%22&rft.place=Glasgow&rft.pub=Brown%2C+Son%2C+and+Ferguson&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-84927-013-7&rft.aulast=Cumming&rft.aufirst=Bill&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCunningham2012" class="citation book cs1">Cunningham, Robert Oliver (January 26, 2012) [1871]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dQgLAQAAIAAJ">Notes on the Natural History of the Strait of Magellan and West Coast of Patagonia Made During the Voyage of H.M.S. Nassau in the Years 1866, 67, 68, & 69</a>. London, Edinburgh, Cambridge, Dublin, Glasgow, Cambridge: Printed by R. Clark for Edmonson & Douglas, Hamilton, Adams & Co., MacMillan & Co., M'Glashan & Gill, James Macalhose, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-108-04185-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-108-04185-0"><bdi>978-1-108-04185-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Notes+on+the+Natural+History+of+the+Strait+of+Magellan+and+West+Coast+of+Patagonia+Made+During+the+Voyage+of+H.M.S.+Nassau+in+the+Years+1866%2C+67%2C+68%2C+%26+69&rft.place=London%2C+Edinburgh%2C+Cambridge%2C+Dublin%2C+Glasgow%2C+Cambridge&rft.pub=Printed+by+R.+Clark+for+Edmonson+%26+Douglas%2C+Hamilton%2C+Adams+%26+Co.%2C+MacMillan+%26+Co.%2C+M%27Glashan+%26+Gill%2C+James+Macalhose%2C+Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2012-01-26&rft.isbn=978-1-108-04185-0&rft.aulast=Cunningham&rft.aufirst=Robert+Oliver&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdQgLAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarkham2016" class="citation book cs1">Markham, Clements R., ed. (2016) [1895]. Narratives of the voyages of Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa to the Straits of Magellan. Translated by Markham, Clements R. <a href="/wiki/Hakluyt_Society" title="Hakluyt Society">Hakluyt Society</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Narratives+of+the+voyages+of+Pedro+Sarmiento+de+Gamboa+to+the+Straits+of+Magellan&rft.pub=Hakluyt+Society&rft.date=2016&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartinic1977" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Martinic, Mateo (1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.memoriachilena.cl/archivos2/pdfs/MC0054341.pdf">Historia del Estrecho de Magallines</a> (PDF) (in Spanish). Santiago: Andres Bello. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-956-16-0402-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-956-16-0402-5"><bdi>978-956-16-0402-5</bdi></a>. Retrieved October 16, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historia+del+Estrecho+de+Magallines&rft.place=Santiago&rft.pub=Andres+Bello&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=978-956-16-0402-5&rft.aulast=Martinic&rft.aufirst=Mateo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.memoriachilena.cl%2Farchivos2%2Fpdfs%2FMC0054341.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMayne1871" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Mayne_(explorer)" title="Richard Mayne (explorer)">Mayne, Richard C.</a> (1871). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=U1MBAAAAYAAJ">Sailing Directions for Magellan Strait, and Channels Leading to the Gulf of Peñas</a>. Hydrogaphic Office, Admiralty.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sailing+Directions+for+Magellan+Strait%2C+and+Channels+Leading+to+the+Gulf+of+Pe%C3%B1as&rft.pub=Hydrogaphic+Office%2C+Admiralty&rft.date=1871&rft.aulast=Mayne&rft.aufirst=Richard+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DU1MBAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMontecino_Aguirre2015" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Montecino Aguirre, Sonia (2015). "Canal de Beagle". Mitos de Chile: Enciclopedia de seres, apariciones y encantos (in Spanish). <a href="/wiki/Catalonia_(publisher)" title="Catalonia (publisher)">Catalonia</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-956-324-375-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-956-324-375-8"><bdi>978-956-324-375-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Canal+de+Beagle&rft.btitle=Mitos+de+Chile%3A+Enciclopedia+de+seres%2C+apariciones+y+encantos&rft.pub=Catalonia&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-956-324-375-8&rft.aulast=Montecino+Aguirre&rft.aufirst=Sonia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorris1989" class="citation book cs1">Morris, Michael (July 27, 1989). The Strait of Magellan. International Straits of the World. Dordrecht, Boston, Norwell, MA: M. Nijhoff (sold and distributed in the U.S. and Canada by <a href="/wiki/Kluwer_Academic_Publishers" class="mw-redirect" title="Kluwer Academic Publishers">Kluwer Academic Publishers</a>). pp. 68–104. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7923-0181-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7923-0181-3"><bdi>978-0-7923-0181-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Strait+of+Magellan&rft.place=Dordrecht%2C+Boston%2C+Norwell%2C+MA&rft.series=International+Straits+of+the+World&rft.pages=68-104&rft.pub=M.+Nijhoff+%28sold+and+distributed+in+the+U.S.+and+Canada+by+Kluwer+Academic+Publishers%29&rft.date=1989-07-27&rft.isbn=978-0-7923-0181-3&rft.aulast=Morris&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMostny2011" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Grete_Mostny" title="Grete Mostny">Mostny, Grete</a> (2011) [1981]. Prehistoria de Chile (in Spanish) (17th ed.). Santiago: <a href="/wiki/Editorial_Universitaria" title="Editorial Universitaria">Editorial Universitaria</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Prehistoria+de+Chile&rft.place=Santiago&rft.edition=17th&rft.pub=Editorial+Universitaria&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=Mostny&rft.aufirst=Grete&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurphyCoye2013" class="citation book cs1">Murphy, Patrick J.; Coye, Ray W. (2013). Mutiny and Its Bounty: Leadership Lessons from the Age of Discovery. New Haven, CT; London, UK: <a href="/wiki/Yale_University_Press" title="Yale University Press">Yale University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-17028-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-17028-3"><bdi>978-0-300-17028-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mutiny+and+Its+Bounty%3A+Leadership+Lessons+from+the+Age+of+Discovery&rft.place=New+Haven%2C+CT%3B+London%2C+UK&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-300-17028-3&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.aufirst=Patrick+J.&rft.au=Coye%2C+Ray+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSlocum2006" class="citation book cs1">Slocum, Joshua (August 11, 2006) [1900]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KnJyw3g9PXUC&q=mended">Sailing Alone Around the World</a>. Bedford, MA: Applewood Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55709-917-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55709-917-4"><bdi>978-1-55709-917-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sailing+Alone+Around+the+World&rft.place=Bedford%2C+MA&rft.pub=Applewood+Books&rft.date=2006-08-11&rft.isbn=978-1-55709-917-4&rft.aulast=Slocum&rft.aufirst=Joshua&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKnJyw3g9PXUC%26q%3Dmended&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSlocum2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Slocum" title="Joshua Slocum">Slocum, Joshua</a> (March 1, 2009) [1900]. Scher, Rod (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gQpKaBT-4OQC">The Annotated Sailing Alone Around the World</a>. Dobbs Ferry, NY: Sheridan House. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57409-275-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57409-275-2"><bdi>978-1-57409-275-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Annotated+Sailing+Alone+Around+the+World&rft.place=Dobbs+Ferry%2C+NY&rft.pub=Sheridan+House&rft.date=2009-03-01&rft.isbn=978-1-57409-275-2&rft.aulast=Slocum&rft.aufirst=Joshua&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgQpKaBT-4OQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTalbott1974" class="citation book cs1">Talbott, Robert D. (1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MoIaAAAAYAAJ">A history of the Chilean boundaries</a> (A Replica ed.). The Iowa State University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8138-0305-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-8138-0305-5"><bdi>0-8138-0305-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+history+of+the+Chilean+boundaries&rft.edition=A+Replica&rft.pub=The+Iowa+State+University+Press&rft.date=1974&rft.isbn=0-8138-0305-5&rft.aulast=Talbott&rft.aufirst=Robert+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMoIaAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_Vea1886" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">de Vea, Antonio (1886). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bibliotecanacionaldigital.gob.cl/visor/BND:74532">"Expedición de Antonio de Vea"</a>. Anuario Hidrográfico de la Marina de Chile (in Spanish). Valparaíso.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Expedici%C3%B3n+de+Antonio+de+Vea&rft.btitle=Anuario+Hidrogr%C3%A1fico+de+la+Marina+de+Chile&rft.place=Valpara%C3%ADso&rft.date=1886&rft.aulast=de+Vea&rft.aufirst=Antonio&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bibliotecanacionaldigital.gob.cl%2Fvisor%2FBND%3A74532&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhipple1980" class="citation book cs1">Whipple, Addison Beecher Colvin (1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PvlTAAAAMAAJ">The Clipper Ships</a>. Time-Life Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8094-2679-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8094-2679-9"><bdi>978-0-8094-2679-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Clipper+Ships&rft.pub=Time-Life+Books&rft.date=1980&rft.isbn=978-0-8094-2679-9&rft.aulast=Whipple&rft.aufirst=Addison+Beecher+Colvin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPvlTAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="General_references">General references</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Strait_of_Magellan&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: General references" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGalvão1862" class="citation book cs1">Galvão, António (1862). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/discoveriesofwor0000galv_j7c7/mode/2up?ref=ol&view=theater">The discoveries of the world, from their first original unto the year of Our Lord 1555</a>. London : Printed for the Hakluyt Society. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7661-9022-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7661-9022-1"><bdi>978-0-7661-9022-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+discoveries+of+the+world%2C+from+their+first+original+unto+the+year+of+Our+Lord+1555&rft.pub=London+%3A+Printed+for+the+Hakluyt+Society&rft.date=1862&rft.isbn=978-0-7661-9022-1&rft.aulast=Galv%C3%A3o&rft.aufirst=Ant%C3%B3nio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdiscoveriesofwor0000galv_j7c7%2Fmode%2F2up%3Fref%3Dol%26view%3Dtheater&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarkham2017" class="citation book cs1">Markham, Clements R., ed. (May 15, 2017) [1911]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OAkkDwAAQBAJ">Early Spanish Voyages to the Strait of Magellan</a>. Hakluyt Society second series. Vol. XXVII. London, U.K.: Routledge, Ashgate Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-317-14670-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-317-14670-4"><bdi>978-1-317-14670-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Early+Spanish+Voyages+to+the+Strait+of+Magellan&rft.place=London%2C+U.K.&rft.series=Hakluyt+Society+second+series&rft.pub=Routledge%2C+Ashgate+Publishing&rft.date=2017-05-15&rft.isbn=978-1-317-14670-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOAkkDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPoncede_CórdobaAlcalá-GalianoBelmonte1820" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_Vargas_Ponce" title="José de Vargas Ponce">Ponce, Jose Vargas</a>; <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_C%C3%B3rdoba_y_Cardona" title="Antonio Fernández de Córdoba y Cardona">de Córdoba, Antonio</a>; <a href="/wiki/Dionisio_Alcal%C3%A1_Galiano" title="Dionisio Alcalá Galiano">Alcalá-Galiano, Dionisio</a>; Belmonte, Alejandro (1820) [1760–1821]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/avoyagediscover00belmgoog">A Voyage of Discovery to the Strait of Magellan: With an account of the manners and customs of the inhabitants; and of the natural productions of Patagonia; undertaken, by order of the King of Spain</a> (illustrated, reprint ed.). Neele & Son, Biblio Bazaar. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-371-28632-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-371-28632-3"><bdi>978-1-371-28632-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Voyage+of+Discovery+to+the+Strait+of+Magellan%3A+With+an+account+of+the+manners+and+customs+of+the+inhabitants%3B+and+of+the+natural+productions+of+Patagonia%3B+undertaken%2C+by+order+of+the+King+of+Spain&rft.edition=illustrated%2C+reprint&rft.pub=Neele+%26+Son%2C+Biblio+Bazaar&rft.date=1820&rft.isbn=978-1-371-28632-3&rft.aulast=Ponce&rft.aufirst=Jose+Vargas&rft.au=de+C%C3%B3rdoba%2C+Antonio&rft.au=Alcal%C3%A1-Galiano%2C+Dionisio&rft.au=Belmonte%2C+Alejandro&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Favoyagediscover00belmgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(13)"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Strait_of_Magellan&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Further reading" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-13 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-13"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKent2000" class="citation book cs1">Kent, Rockwell (March 10, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IYj9-o9-DFMC">Voyaging: Southward from the Strait of Magellan</a> (Hardcover). Hanover, New Hampshire: <a href="/wiki/University_Press_of_New_England" title="University Press of New England">University Press of New England</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8195-6409-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8195-6409-2"><bdi>978-0-8195-6409-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Voyaging%3A+Southward+from+the+Strait+of+Magellan&rft.place=Hanover%2C+New+Hampshire&rft.pub=University+Press+of+New+England&rft.date=2000-03-10&rft.isbn=978-0-8195-6409-2&rft.aulast=Kent&rft.aufirst=Rockwell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIYj9-o9-DFMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParr1953" class="citation book cs1">Parr, Charles McKew (1953). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Sip_AAAAMAAJ">So Noble a Captain: The Life and Times of Ferdinand Magellan</a>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Y._Crowell" title="Thomas Y. Crowell">Thomas Y. Crowell</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=So+Noble+a+Captain%3A+The+Life+and+Times+of+Ferdinand+Magellan&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Thomas+Y.+Crowell&rft.date=1953&rft.aulast=Parr&rft.aufirst=Charles+McKew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSip_AAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobertsonPigafetta2015" class="citation book cs1">Robertson, James Alexander; Pigafetta, Antonio (August 8, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Z8kljgEACAAJ">Magellan's Voyage Around the World</a> (Hardcover). Andesite Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-298-53871-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-298-53871-0"><bdi>978-1-298-53871-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Magellan%27s+Voyage+Around+the+World&rft.pub=Andesite+Press&rft.date=2015-08-08&rft.isbn=978-1-298-53871-0&rft.aulast=Robertson&rft.aufirst=James+Alexander&rft.au=Pigafetta%2C+Antonio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZ8kljgEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(14)"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Strait_of_Magellan&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-14 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-14"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 12px;height: 16px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="12" data-height="16" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Strait_of_Magellan" class="extiw" title="commons:Strait of Magellan">Strait of Magellan</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 12px;height: 16px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="12" data-height="16" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Lonsdale_(ship,_1889)" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Lonsdale (ship, 1889)">Ship Lord Londsdale, a wreckship</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wdl.org/en/item/3972">The First Map of the Strait of Magellan, 1520</a> from 1800 (in English and Latin)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wdl.org/en/item/52">Map of the Strait of Magellan and Part of the Land of Fire, Prepared in 1786</a> (in English and Spanish) via <a href="/wiki/World_Digital_Library" title="World Digital Library">World Digital Archive</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMinisterio_de_Obras_Públicas_de_Chile2012" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Public_Works_(Chile)" title="Ministry of Public Works (Chile)">Ministerio de Obras Públicas de Chile</a> (2012), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mapas.mop.cl/CARTAS%20CAMINERAS.htm">"Maps of all regions of Chile"</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dots_per_inch" title="Dots per inch">Cartas camineras 2010 in 200 dpi and 70 dpi resolution available</a> (Maps) (in Spanish), Government of Chile, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120904060553/http://www.mapas.mop.cl/CARTAS%20CAMINERAS.htm">archived</a> from the original on September 4, 2012, retrieved April 20, 2013</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Maps+of+all+regions+of+Chile&rft.btitle=Cartas+camineras+2010+in+200+dpi+and+70+dpi+resolution+available&rft.pub=Government+of+Chile&rft.date=2012&rft.au=Ministerio+de+Obras+P%C3%BAblicas+de+Chile&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mapas.mop.cl%2FCARTAS%2520CAMINERAS.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStrait+of+Magellan" class="Z3988"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/Strait+of+Magellan/@-53.0825315,-76.0931187,1378051m/data=!3m2!1e3!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0xbdad5ffe81e44c75:0xa9099702e9f8ce57!8m2!3d-53.5888172!4d-70.759749">Satellite image, Strait of Magellan</a> via <a href="/wiki/Google_Maps" title="Google Maps">Google Maps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Hydrographic_Office" title="United States Hydrographic Office">United States Hydrographic Office</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/southamericapil01offigoog">South America Pilot</a> (1916)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output 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href="/w/index.php?title=Strait_of_Magellan&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> Last edited on 28 November 2024, at 02:04 </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Straat_van_Magellaan" title="Straat van Magellaan – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Straat van Magellaan" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B6%D9%8A%D9%82_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86" title="مضيق ماجلان – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مضيق ماجلان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estrechu_de_Magallanes" title="Estrechu de Magallanes – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Estrechu de Magallanes" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magellan_bo%C4%9Faz%C4%B1" title="Magellan boğazı – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Magellan boğazı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A3%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%80" title="ম্যাজেলান প্রণালী – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ম্যাজেলান প্রণালী" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magellan_h%C3%A1i-kiap" title="Magellan hái-kiap – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Magellan hái-kiap" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D2%93%D0%B0%D2%99%D1%8B" title="Магеллан боғаҙы – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Магеллан боғаҙы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%9E_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%9E" title="Магеланаў праліў – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Магеланаў праліў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Магеланава пратока – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Магеланава пратока" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Магеланов проток – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Магеланов проток" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magellanstross" title="Magellanstross – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Magellanstross" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%80%E0%BE%B2%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%9A%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%82" title="མེ་ཀྲི་ལོན་མཚོ་འགག – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="མེ་ཀྲི་ལོན་མཚོ་འགག" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magellanov_prolaz" title="Magellanov prolaz – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Magellanov prolaz" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strizh-mor_Magalh%C3%A3es" title="Strizh-mor Magalhães – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Strizh-mor Magalhães" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estret_de_Magallanes" title="Estret de Magallanes – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Estret de Magallanes" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strait_of_Magellan" title="Strait of Magellan – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Strait of Magellan" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magalh%C3%A3es%C5%AFv_pr%C5%AFliv" title="Magalhãesův průliv – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Magalhãesův průliv" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culfor_Magellan" title="Culfor Magellan – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Culfor Magellan" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magellanstr%C3%A6det" title="Magellanstrædet – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Magellanstrædet" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magellanstra%C3%9Fe" title="Magellanstraße – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Magellanstraße" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magalh%C3%A3esi_v%C3%A4in" title="Magalhãesi väin – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Magalhãesi väin" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B8%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%B3%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Πορθμός του Μαγγελάνου – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πορθμός του Μαγγελάνου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estrecho_de_Magallanes" title="Estrecho de Magallanes – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Estrecho de Magallanes" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magelana_markolo" title="Magelana markolo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Magelana markolo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magallaes_itsasartea" title="Magallaes itsasartea – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Magallaes itsasartea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%98%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86" title="تنگه ماژلان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تنگه ماژلان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9troit_de_Magellan" title="Détroit de Magellan – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Détroit de Magellan" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magellaanstrjitte" title="Magellaanstrjitte – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Magellaanstrjitte" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caolas_de_Magallanes" title="Caolas de Magallanes – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Caolas de Magallanes" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyllys_Magellan" title="Keyllys Magellan – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Keyllys Magellan" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estreito_de_Magall%C3%A1ns" title="Estreito de Magalláns – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Estreito de Magalláns" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%A0%A4%EB%9E%80_%ED%95%B4%ED%98%91" title="마젤란 해협 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="마젤란 해협" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB_%D5%B6%D5%A5%D5%B2%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%81" title="Մագելանի նեղուց – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մագելանի նեղուց" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="मैजेलन जलडमरूमध्य – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मैजेलन जलडमरूमध्य" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magellanov_prolaz" title="Magellanov prolaz – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Magellanov prolaz" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stretajo_di_Magalhaes" title="Stretajo di Magalhaes – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Stretajo di Magalhaes" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selat_Magelhaens" title="Selat Magelhaens – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Selat Magelhaens" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stricto_de_Magellanes" title="Stricto de Magellanes – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Stricto de Magellanes" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magellansund" title="Magellansund – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Magellansund" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stretto_di_Magellano" title="Stretto di Magellano – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Stretto di Magellano" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A6%D7%A8_%D7%9E%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%9F" title="מצר מגלן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מצר מגלן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94" title="მაგელანის სრუტე – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მაგელანის სრუტე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D2%B1%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8B" title="Магеллан бұғазы – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Магеллан бұғазы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mlangobahari_wa_Magellan" title="Mlangobahari wa Magellan – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mlangobahari wa Magellan" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tengava_Macellan" title="Tengava Macellan – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Tengava Macellan" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B3%D1%8B" title="Магеллан кысыгы – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Магеллан кысыгы" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fretum_Magellanicum" title="Fretum Magellanicum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Fretum Magellanicum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magel%C4%81na_%C5%A1aurums" title="Magelāna šaurums – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Magelāna šaurums" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magelano_s%C4%85siauris" title="Magelano sąsiauris – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Magelano sąsiauris" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magell%C3%A1n-szoros" title="Magellán-szoros – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Magellán-szoros" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Магеланов Проток – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Магеланов Проток" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D" title="മഗല്ലൻ കടലിടുക്ക് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മഗല്ലൻ കടലിടുക്ക്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80" title="मेजेलनची सामुद्रधुनी – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मेजेलनची सामुद्रधुनी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="მაგელანიშ საროტი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მაგელანიშ საროტი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selat_Magellan" title="Selat Magellan – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Selat Magellan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Straat_Magellaan" title="Straat Magellaan – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Straat Magellaan" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%82%BC%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1" title="マゼラン海峡 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マゼラン海峡" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B5" title="Магелланан хидоькъе – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Магелланан хидоькъе" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magellanstruat" title="Magellanstruat – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Magellanstruat" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magellanstredet" title="Magellanstredet – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Magellanstredet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magellansundet" title="Magellansundet – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Magellansundet" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estrech_de_Magellan" title="Estrech de Magellan – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Estrech de Magellan" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magellan_bo%CA%BBg%CA%BBozi" title="Magellan boʻgʻozi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Magellan boʻgʻozi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cie%C5%9Bnina_Magellana" title="Cieśnina Magellana – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Cieśnina Magellana" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estreito_de_Magalh%C3%A3es" title="Estreito de Magalhães – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Estreito de Magalhães" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magellan_bu%C7%B5az%C4%B1" title="Magellan buǵazı – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Magellan buǵazı" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Str%C3%A2mtoarea_Magellan" title="Strâmtoarea Magellan – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Strâmtoarea Magellan" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magallanes_k%27ikllu" title="Magallanes k'ikllu – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Magallanes k'ikllu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2" title="Магелланов пролив – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Магелланов пролив" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B1%D1%8D%D2%BB%D0%B8%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8D" title="Магеллаан силбэһиитэ – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Магеллаан силбэһиитэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strait_o_Magellan" title="Strait o Magellan – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Strait o Magellan" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngushtica_e_Mangelanit" title="Ngushtica e Mangelanit – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ngushtica e Mangelanit" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strait_of_Magellan" title="Strait of Magellan – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Strait of Magellan" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magalhaesov_prieliv" title="Magalhaesov prieliv – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Magalhaesov prieliv" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magellanov_preliv" title="Magellanov preliv – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Magellanov preliv" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%83%D0%B7" title="Магеланов мореуз – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Магеланов мореуз" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magellanov_tjesnac" title="Magellanov tjesnac – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Magellanov tjesnac" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magalh%C3%A3esinsalmi" title="Magalhãesinsalmi – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Magalhãesinsalmi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magellans_sund" title="Magellans sund – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Magellans sund" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kipot_ni_Magallanes" title="Kipot ni Magallanes – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kipot ni Magallanes" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%88" title="மகெல்லன் நீரிணை – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மகெல்லன் நீரிணை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8B" title="Магеллан бугазы – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Магеллан бугазы" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="ช่องแคบมาเจลลัน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ช่องแคบมาเจลลัน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macellan_Bo%C4%9Faz%C4%B1" title="Macellan Boğazı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Macellan Boğazı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Магелланова протока – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Магелланова протока" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eo_bi%E1%BB%83n_Magellan" title="Eo biển Magellan – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Eo biển Magellan" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sul%C3%A1ng_ni_Magallanes" title="Suláng ni Magallanes – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Suláng ni Magallanes" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E5%93%B2%E4%BC%A6%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1" title="麦哲伦海峡 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="麦哲伦海峡" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BA%A5%E5%93%B2%E5%80%AB%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%BD" title="麥哲倫海峽 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="麥哲倫海峽" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E5%93%B2%E4%BC%A6%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1" title="麦哲伦海峡 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="麦哲伦海峡" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 28 November 2024, at 02:04 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted.</li> </ul> <ul 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