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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Law_school" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Law_school"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Law school </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Law_school-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Failed_congressional_campaign_and_tenure_as_Attorney_General_of_Arkansas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Failed_congressional_campaign_and_tenure_as_Attorney_General_of_Arkansas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Failed congressional campaign and tenure as Attorney General of Arkansas </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Failed_congressional_campaign_and_tenure_as_Attorney_General_of_Arkansas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governor_of_Arkansas_(1979–1981,_1983–1992)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governor_of_Arkansas_(1979–1981,_1983–1992)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Governor of Arkansas (1979–1981, 1983–1992) </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Governor_of_Arkansas_(1979–1981,_1983–1992)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Governor of Arkansas (1979–1981, 1983–1992) subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Governor_of_Arkansas_(1979–1981,_1983–1992)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Scandals_and_allegations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Scandals_and_allegations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Scandals and allegations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Scandals_and_allegations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1988_Democratic_presidential_primaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1988_Democratic_presidential_primaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 1988 Democratic presidential primaries </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1988_Democratic_presidential_primaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1992_United_States_presidential_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1992_United_States_presidential_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 1992 United States presidential election </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1992_United_States_presidential_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Presidency_(1993–2001)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presidency_(1993–2001)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Presidency (1993–2001) </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Presidency_(1993–2001)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Presidency (1993–2001) subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Presidency_(1993–2001)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-First_term_(1993–1997)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_term_(1993–1997)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 First term (1993–1997) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_term_(1993–1997)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1996_presidential_campaign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1996_presidential_campaign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1.1 1996 presidential campaign </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1996_presidential_campaign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Second_term_(1997–2001)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_term_(1997–2001)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Second term (1997–2001) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Second_term_(1997–2001)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Investigations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Investigations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2.1 Investigations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Investigations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Impeachment_and_acquittal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Impeachment_and_acquittal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2.2 Impeachment and acquittal </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Impeachment_and_acquittal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pardons_and_commutations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pardons_and_commutations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2.3 Pardons and commutations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pardons_and_commutations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Campaign_finance_controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campaign_finance_controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2.4 Campaign finance controversies </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Campaign_finance_controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military_and_foreign_affairs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military_and_foreign_affairs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Military and foreign affairs </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military_and_foreign_affairs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Somalia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Somalia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3.1 Somalia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Somalia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rwanda" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rwanda"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3.2 Rwanda </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rwanda-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bosnia_and_Herzegovina"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3.3 Bosnia and Herzegovina </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bosnia_and_Herzegovina-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Irish_peace_talks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Irish_peace_talks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3.4 Irish peace talks </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Irish_peace_talks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iran" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iran"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3.5 Iran </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iran-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iraq" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iraq"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3.6 Iraq </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iraq-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Osama_bin_Laden" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Osama_bin_Laden"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3.7 Osama bin Laden </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Osama_bin_Laden-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kosovo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kosovo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3.8 Kosovo </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kosovo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-China" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#China"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3.9 China </div> </a> <ul id="toc-China-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Israeli-Palestinian_conflict" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Israeli-Palestinian_conflict"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3.10 Israeli-Palestinian conflict </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Israeli-Palestinian_conflict-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Judicial_appointments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Judicial_appointments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 Judicial appointments </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Judicial_appointments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_opinion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_opinion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Public opinion </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_opinion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_image" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_image"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Public image </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Public_image-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Public image subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Public_image-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sexual_assault_and_misconduct_allegations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sexual_assault_and_misconduct_allegations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Sexual assault and misconduct allegations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sexual_assault_and_misconduct_allegations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alleged_affairs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alleged_affairs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Alleged affairs </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alleged_affairs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-presidency_(2001–present)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-presidency_(2001–present)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Post-presidency (2001–present) </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Post-presidency_(2001–present)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Post-presidency (2001–present) subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Post-presidency_(2001–present)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Activities_until_2008_campaign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Activities_until_2008_campaign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Activities until 2008 campaign </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Activities_until_2008_campaign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2008_presidential_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2008_presidential_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 2008 presidential election </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2008_presidential_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-After_the_2008_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#After_the_2008_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 After the 2008 election </div> </a> <ul id="toc-After_the_2008_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2016_presidential_election_and_after" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2016_presidential_election_and_after"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.4 2016 presidential election and after </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2016_presidential_election_and_after-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-presidential_health_concerns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-presidential_health_concerns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.5 Post-presidential health concerns </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-presidential_health_concerns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wealth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wealth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.6 Wealth </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wealth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relationship_with_Jeffrey_Epstein" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relationship_with_Jeffrey_Epstein"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.7 Relationship with Jeffrey Epstein </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relationship_with_Jeffrey_Epstein-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Personal life </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Accolades" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accolades"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Accolades </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accolades-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 References </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle References subsection </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.1 Citations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Further reading </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Further reading subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Primary_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Primary_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.1 Primary sources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Primary_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Popular_books" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Popular_books"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.2 Popular books </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Popular_books-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Scholarly_studies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Scholarly_studies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.3 Scholarly studies </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Scholarly_studies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arkansas_years" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arkansas_years"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.4 Arkansas years </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arkansas_years-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 External links </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-External_links-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle External links subsection </button> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Official" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Official"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14.1 Official </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Official-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interviews,_speeches,_and_statements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interviews,_speeches,_and_statements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14.2 Interviews, speeches, and statements </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interviews,_speeches,_and_statements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media_coverage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media_coverage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14.3 Media coverage </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media_coverage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14.4 Other </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Bill Clinton</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 169 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-169" aria-hidden="true" > 169 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Acèh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%A2%E1%88%8D_%E1%8A%AD%E1%88%8A%E1%8A%95%E1%89%B0%E1%8A%95" title="ቢል ክሊንተን – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ቢል ክሊንተን" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A8" title="बिल क्लिंटन – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="बिल क्लिंटन" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target">अंगिका</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willelm_Clinton" title="Willelm Clinton – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Willelm Clinton" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84_%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="بيل كلينتون – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بيل كلينتون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Arpetan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A8" title="बिल क्लिन्टन – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="बिल क्लिन्टन" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">अवधी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aymar aru</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Klinton" title="Bill Klinton – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Bill Klinton" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84_%DA%A9%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="بیل کلینتون – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بیل کلینتون" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%A8" title="বিল ক্লিনটন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বিল ক্লিনটন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Біл Клінтан – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Біл Клінтан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Біл Клінтан – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Біл Клінтан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bislama</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BD" title="Бил Клинтън – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Бил Клинтън" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Билл Клинтон – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Билл Клинтон" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiTumbuka</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84_%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%86" title="بيل كلينطون – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="بيل كلينطون" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deitsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%84%DE%A8%DE%8D%DE%B0_%DE%86%DE%B0%DE%8D%DE%A8%DE%82%DE%B0%DE%93%DE%A6%DE%82%DE%B0" title="ބިލް ކްލިންޓަން – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ބިލް ކްލިންޓަން" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ދިވެހިބަސް</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hastiin_al%C4%85%CC%81%C4%85j%C4%AF%CA%BC_dahsid%C3%A1h%C3%ADg%C3%AD%C3%AD_Bill_Clinton" title="Hastiin alą́ąjįʼ dahsidáhígíí Bill Clinton – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Hastiin alą́ąjįʼ dahsidáhígíí Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Diné bizaad</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A8" title="बिल क्लिन्टन – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="बिल क्लिन्टन" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target">डोटेली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%BB_%CE%9A%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BD" title="Μπιλ Κλίντον – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μπιλ Κλίντον" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_J._Clinton" title="William J. Clinton – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="William J. Clinton" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84_%DA%A9%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="بیل کلینتون – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بیل کلینتون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_J._Clinton" title="William J. Clinton – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="William J. Clinton" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guw mw-list-item"><a href="https://guw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Gun" lang="guw" hreflang="guw" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Gungbe" data-language-local-name="Gun" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gungbe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B9%8C_%ED%81%B4%EB%A6%B0%ED%84%B4" title="빌 클린턴 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="빌 클린턴" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hawaiʻi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%AB%D5%AC_%D5%94%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A9%D5%B8%D5%B6" title="Բիլ Քլինթոն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բիլ Քլինթոն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A8" title="विलियम क्लिंटन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विलियम क्लिंटन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hornjoserbsce</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD,_%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Клинтон, Билл – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Клинтон, Билл" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiZulu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9C_%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9F" title="ביל קלינטון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ביל קלינטון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಬಿಲ್ ಕ್ಲಿಂಟನ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಬಿಲ್ ಕ್ಲಿಂಟನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A_%E1%83%99%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ბილ კლინტონი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბილ კლინტონი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Билл Клинтон – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Билл Клинтон" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ikinyarwanda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Билл Клинтон – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Билл Клинтон" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulielmus_Clinton" title="Gulielmus Clinton – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Gulielmus Clinton" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bills_Klintons" title="Bills Klintons – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Bills Klintons" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingála</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/bil._klinton" title="bil. klinton – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="bil. klinton" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target">La .lojban.</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A8" title="बिल क्लिन्टन – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="बिल क्लिन्टन" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target">मैथिली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Бил Клинтон – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Бил Клинтон" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BD_%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%BA" title="ബിൽ ക്ലിന്റൺ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബിൽ ക്ലിന്റൺ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A8" title="बिल क्लिंटन – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="बिल क्लिंटन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A_%E1%83%99%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ბილ კლინტონი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ბილ კლინტონი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84_%D9%83%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="بيل كلينتون – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بيل كلينتون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84_%DA%A9%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="بیل کلینتون – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="بیل کلینتون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Билл Клинтон – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Билл Клинтон" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%98%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BA_%E1%80%80%E1%80%9C%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%90%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA" title="ဘီလ် ကလင်တန် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဘီလ် ကလင်တန်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nāhuatl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A8" title="बिल क्लिन्टन – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="बिल क्लिन्टन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%93%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88%E3%83%B3" title="ビル・クリントン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ビル・クリントン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%B2_%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B2%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A3%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9F%E0%AC%A8" title="ବିଲ କ୍ଲିଣ୍ଟନ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ବିଲ କ୍ଲିଣ୍ଟନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B2_%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%A8" title="ਬਿਲ ਕਲਿੰਟਨ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬਿਲ ਕਲਿੰਟਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Pangasinan" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="Pangasinan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pangasinan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Jefferson_Clinton" title="William Jefferson Clinton – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="William Jefferson Clinton" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pangcah</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84_%DA%A9%D9%84%D9%86%D9%B9%D9%86" title="بل کلنٹن – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بل کلنٹن" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target">Papiamentu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84_%DA%A9%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%BC%D9%86" title="بیل کلینټن – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="بیل کلینټن" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tok Pisin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Jefferson_Clinton" title="William Jefferson Clinton – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="William Jefferson Clinton" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Klinton" title="Bill Klinton – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Bill Klinton" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qırımtatarca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Colognian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ripoarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Romansh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Rumantsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD,_%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Клинтон, Билл – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Клинтон, Билл" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Klinton" title="Bill Klinton – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Bill Klinton" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A7%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" title="බිල් ක්ලින්ටන් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="බිල් ක්ලින්ටන්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%DA%B5_%DA%A9%DA%B5%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%86" title="بیڵ کڵینتن – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بیڵ کڵینتن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Бил Клинтон – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Бил Клинтон" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="பில் கிளின்டன் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பில் கிளின்டன்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Билл Клинтон – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Билл Клинтон" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="బిల్ క్లింటన్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="బిల్ క్లింటన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5_%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="บิล คลินตัน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="บิล คลินตัน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Билл Клинтон – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Билл Клинтон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%AB%E1%8E%B5_%E1%8F%9F%E1%8F%82%E1%8F%94%E1%8F%82" title="ᏫᎵ ᏟᏂᏔᏂ – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏫᎵ ᏟᏂᏔᏂ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᏣᎳᎩ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Білл Клінтон – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Білл Клінтон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84_%DA%A9%D9%84%D9%86%D9%B9%D9%86" title="بل کلنٹن – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بل کلنٹن" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%89%D9%84_%D9%83%D9%84%D9%89%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="بىل كلىنتون – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="بىل كلىنتون" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E6%9E%97%E9%A1%BF%E6%80%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="克林顿总统 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="克林顿总统" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9C_%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%90%D7%9F" title="ביל קלינטאן – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ביל קלינטאן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E6%9E%97%E9%A0%93" title="比爾·克林頓 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="比爾·克林頓" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zazaki</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zeêuws</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Bill Clinton" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E6%9E%97%E9%A1%BF" title="比尔·克林顿 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="比尔·克林顿" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Klinton" title="Bill Klinton – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Bill Klinton" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tolışi</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1124#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu 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For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/William_Clinton_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="William Clinton (disambiguation)">William Clinton (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Bill Clinton</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Bill_Clinton.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Clinton's official presidential portrait, 1993" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Bill_Clinton.jpg/220px-Bill_Clinton.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="287" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Bill_Clinton.jpg/330px-Bill_Clinton.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Bill_Clinton.jpg/440px-Bill_Clinton.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2299" data-file-height="3000" /></a><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Official portrait, 1993</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">42nd <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office January 20, 1993 – January 20, 2001</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">40th and 42nd <a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Arkansas" title="List of governors of Arkansas">Governor of Arkansas</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office January 11, 1983 – December 12, 1992</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Lieutenant</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Bryant" title="Winston Bryant">Winston Bryant</a></li><li>Jim Guy Tucker</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Frank D. White</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Guy_Tucker" title="Jim Guy Tucker">Jim Guy Tucker</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office January 9, 1979 – January 19, 1981</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Lieutenant</th><td class="infobox-data">Joe Purcell</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Purcell" title="Joe Purcell">Joe Purcell</a> (acting)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Frank_D._White" title="Frank D. White">Frank D. White</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">50th <a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_of_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="Attorney General of Arkansas">Attorney General of Arkansas</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office January 3, 1977 – January 9, 1979</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Governor</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Pryor" title="David Pryor">David Pryor</a></li><li>Joe Purcell (acting)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data">Jim Guy Tucker</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Steve_Clark_(Arkansas_politician)" title="Steve Clark (Arkansas politician)">Steve Clark</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">William Jefferson Blythe III</div> (1946-08-19) August 19, 1946 (age 78) <a href="/wiki/Hope,_Arkansas" title="Hope, Arkansas">Hope, Arkansas</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Rodham</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style>1975)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chelsea_Clinton" title="Chelsea Clinton">Chelsea Clinton</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parents</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Jefferson_Blythe_Jr." title="William Jefferson Blythe Jr.">William Jefferson Blythe Jr.</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Clinton_Kelley" title="Virginia Clinton Kelley">Virginia Cassidy</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Clinton_family" title="Clinton family">Clinton family</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Georgetown_University" title="Georgetown University">Georgetown University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Science" title="Bachelor of Science">BS</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/University_College,_Oxford" title="University College, Oxford">University College, Oxford</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">JD</a>)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_honors_received_by_Bill_Clinton" title="List of awards and honors received by Bill Clinton">Full list</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Signature_of_Bill_Clinton.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bill Clinton's signature"><img alt="William J Clinton signature.svg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Signature_of_Bill_Clinton.svg/128px-Signature_of_Bill_Clinton.svg.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Signature_of_Bill_Clinton.svg/192px-Signature_of_Bill_Clinton.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Signature_of_Bill_Clinton.svg/256px-Signature_of_Bill_Clinton.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="97" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output 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listen noprint listen-embedded listen-noimage listen-center"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Bill_Clinton_speaks_on_U.S._decision_to_join_NATO_forces_in_military_airstrikes_against_Serbia.ogg" title="File:Bill Clinton speaks on U.S. decision to join NATO forces in military airstrikes against Serbia.ogg">Bill Clinton's voice</a></div> <div><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="215" style="width:215px;" data-durationhint="373" data-mwtitle="Bill_Clinton_speaks_on_U.S._decision_to_join_NATO_forces_in_military_airstrikes_against_Serbia.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Bill_Clinton_speaks_on_U.S._decision_to_join_NATO_forces_in_military_airstrikes_against_Serbia.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7e/Bill_Clinton_speaks_on_U.S._decision_to_join_NATO_forces_in_military_airstrikes_against_Serbia.ogg/Bill_Clinton_speaks_on_U.S._decision_to_join_NATO_forces_in_military_airstrikes_against_Serbia.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ABill_Clinton_speaks_on_U.S._decision_to_join_NATO_forces_in_military_airstrikes_against_Serbia.ogg&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></div> <div class="description">Clinton speaking on U.S. decision to join <a href="/wiki/NATO_bombing_of_Yugoslavia" title="NATO bombing of Yugoslavia">NATO forces in military airstrikes</a> against <a href="/wiki/Serbia_and_Montenegro" title="Serbia and Montenegro">Yugoslavia</a> Recorded March 24, 1999</div></div></div></div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; background:lavender;text-align:center;"><div style="margin: 0 4em">Other offices</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">1986–1987: Chair of the <a href="/wiki/National_Governors_Association" title="National Governors Association">National Governors Association</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">1985–1986: Vice Chair of the National Governors Association </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><table class="sidebar nomobile sidebar-person vcard hlist" style="border-color: #d69d36"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><table><tbody><tr> <td class="sidebar-person-title-image" style="background-color: #002466;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/File:Bill_Clinton_(cropped_2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Bill_Clinton_%28cropped_2%29.jpg/75px-Bill_Clinton_%28cropped_2%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Bill_Clinton_%28cropped_2%29.jpg/113px-Bill_Clinton_%28cropped_2%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Bill_Clinton_%28cropped_2%29.jpg/150px-Bill_Clinton_%28cropped_2%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1745" data-file-height="2282" /></a></td> <td class="sidebar-person-title" style="background-color: #002466;color: #FFF;"><div>This article is part of a series about</div><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bill Clinton</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">Personal</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_things_named_after_Bill_Clinton" title="List of things named after Bill Clinton">Eponyms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_family" title="Clinton family">Family</a></li> <li>Nonprofit organizations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_Foundation" title="Clinton Foundation">Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_Bush_Haiti_Fund" title="Clinton Bush Haiti Fund">Clinton Bush Haiti Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_America_Appeal" title="One America Appeal">One America Appeal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_honors_received_by_Bill_Clinton" title="List of awards and honors received by Bill Clinton">Honors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_image_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Public image of Bill Clinton">Public image</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_sexual_assault_and_misconduct_allegations" title="Bill Clinton sexual assault and misconduct allegations">Sexual assault and misconduct allegations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Bibliography of Bill Clinton">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-presidency_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Post-presidency of Bill Clinton">Post-presidency</a></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">40th and 42nd Governor of Arkansas</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Governorships_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Governorships of Bill Clinton">Governorships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troopergate_(Bill_Clinton)" title="Troopergate (Bill Clinton)">Troopergate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Electoral history of Bill Clinton">Elections</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1978_Arkansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1978 Arkansas gubernatorial election">1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Arkansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1980 Arkansas gubernatorial election">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_Arkansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1982 Arkansas gubernatorial election">1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Arkansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1984 Arkansas gubernatorial election">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_Arkansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1986 Arkansas gubernatorial election">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Arkansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1990 Arkansas gubernatorial election">1990</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">42nd President of the United States</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Presidency of Bill Clinton">Presidency</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bill_Clinton_presidency" title="Timeline of the Bill Clinton presidency">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Presidential transition of Bill Clinton">Transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Inauguration of Bill Clinton">Inaugurations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Bill_Clinton" title="First inauguration of Bill Clinton">first</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Second inauguration of Bill Clinton">second</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_Presidential_Center" title="Clinton Presidential Center">Presidential library</a></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">Tenure</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_executive_actions_by_Bill_Clinton" title="List of executive actions by Bill Clinton">Executive actions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_pardoned_by_Bill_Clinton" title="List of people pardoned by Bill Clinton">pardons</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_presidential_trips_made_by_Bill_Clinton" title="List of international presidential trips made by Bill Clinton">Foreign trips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995%E2%80%931996_United_States_federal_government_shutdowns" title="1995–1996 United States federal government shutdowns">1995–1996 shutdown</a></li> <li>Controversies <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Whitewater_controversy" title="Whitewater controversy">Whitewater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_travel_office_controversy" title="White House travel office controversy">White House travel office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_pardon_controversy" title="Bill Clinton pardon controversy">pardon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Revolution" title="Republican Revolution">Republican Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Infinite_Reach" title="Operation Infinite Reach">Operation Infinite Reach</a></li> <li>Bombings <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1998_bombing_of_Iraq" title="1998 bombing of Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO_bombing_of_Yugoslavia" title="NATO bombing of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Impeachment of Bill Clinton">Impeachment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Bill_Clinton" title="Efforts to impeach Bill Clinton">efforts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton%E2%80%93Lewinsky_scandal" title="Clinton–Lewinsky scandal">Clinton–Lewinsky scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_inquiry_into_Bill_Clinton" title="Impeachment inquiry into Bill Clinton">House inquiry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_trial_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Impeachment trial of Bill Clinton">Senate trial</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style=""><a href="/wiki/Clintonism" title="Clintonism">Policies</a></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_policy_of_the_Bill_Clinton_administration" title="Economic policy of the Bill Clinton administration">Economic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_health_care_plan_of_1993" title="Clinton health care plan of 1993">1993 health care plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_Responsibility_and_Work_Opportunity_Act" title="Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act">PRWORA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balanced_Budget_Act_of_1997" title="Balanced Budget Act of 1997">Balanced Budget Act</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_control_policy_of_the_Bill_Clinton_administration" title="Gun control policy of the Bill Clinton administration">Gun control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_policy_of_the_United_States#The_Clinton_Administration_(1993–2001)" title="Environmental policy of the United States">Environment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_Bill_Clinton_administration" title="Foreign policy of the Bill Clinton administration">Foreign policy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_Doctrine" title="Clinton Doctrine">Clinton Doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="North American Free Trade Agreement">NAFTA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayton_Agreement" title="Dayton Agreement">Dayton Agreement</a></li></ul></li> <li>Social issues <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Violent_Crime_Control_and_Law_Enforcement_Act" title="Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act">1994 Crime Bill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_of_Marriage_Act" title="Defense of Marriage Act">DOMA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_America_Initiative" title="One America Initiative">One America Initiative</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">Appointments</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Bill_Clinton#Administration" title="Presidency of Bill Clinton">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Bill_Clinton" title="List of federal judges appointed by Bill Clinton">Federal judges</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_Supreme_Court_candidates" title="Bill Clinton Supreme Court candidates">Supreme Court candidates</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">Presidential campaigns</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_1992_presidential_campaign" title="Bill Clinton 1992 presidential campaign">1992</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1992_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1992 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1992 Democratic National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_debates" title="1992 United States presidential debates">debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_election" title="1992 United States presidential election">election</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_1996_presidential_campaign" title="Bill Clinton 1996 presidential campaign">1996</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1996_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1996 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1996 Democratic National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_debates" title="1996 United States presidential debates">debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="1996 United States presidential election">election</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div> <hr /> <img alt="Seal of the President of the United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/70px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/105px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/140px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2424" data-file-height="2425" /> <a href="/wiki/List_of_personal_coats_of_arms_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of personal coats of arms of presidents of the United States"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Coat_of_Arms_of_Bill_Clinton.svg/40px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Bill_Clinton.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Coat_of_Arms_of_Bill_Clinton.svg/60px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Bill_Clinton.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Coat_of_Arms_of_Bill_Clinton.svg/80px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Bill_Clinton.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="395" data-file-height="546" /></a></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bill_Clinton_series" title="Template:Bill Clinton series"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bill_Clinton_series" title="Template talk:Bill Clinton series"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bill_Clinton_series" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bill Clinton series"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> William Jefferson Clinton (<a href="/wiki/N%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Né">né</a> Blythe; born August 19, 1946) is an American lawyer and politician who served as the 42nd <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">president of the United States</a> from 1993 to 2001. A member of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a>, he previously served as <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Arkansas">governor of Arkansas</a> from 1979 to 1981 and again from 1983 to 1992. Clinton, whose policies reflected a centrist "<a href="/wiki/Third_Way" title="Third Way">Third Way</a>" <a href="/wiki/Political_philosophy" title="Political philosophy">political philosophy</a>, became known as a <a href="/wiki/New_Democrats_(United_States)" title="New Democrats (United States)">New Democrat</a>. Clinton was born and raised in <a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">Arkansas</a>. He graduated from <a href="/wiki/Georgetown_University" title="Georgetown University">Georgetown University</a> in 1968, and later from <a href="/wiki/Yale_Law_School" title="Yale Law School">Yale Law School</a>, where he met his future wife, <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Rodham" class="mw-redirect" title="Hillary Rodham">Hillary Rodham</a>. After graduating from law school, Clinton returned to Arkansas and won election as state attorney general, followed by <a href="/wiki/Governorships_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Governorships of Bill Clinton">two non-consecutive tenures as Arkansas governor</a>. As governor, he overhauled the state's education system and served as <a href="/wiki/Chair_(officer)" title="Chair (officer)">chairman</a> of the <a href="/wiki/National_Governors_Association" title="National Governors Association">National Governors Association</a>. Clinton was elected president in the <a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_election" title="1992 United States presidential election">1992 election</a>, defeating the incumbent <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a> president <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> and the independent businessman <a href="/wiki/Ross_Perot" title="Ross Perot">Ross Perot</a>. He became the first president to be born in the <a href="/wiki/Baby_Boomer" class="mw-redirect" title="Baby Boomer">Baby Boomer</a> generation. Clinton presided over the longest period of peacetime economic expansion in American history. He signed into law the <a href="/wiki/North_American_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="North American Free Trade Agreement">North American Free Trade Agreement</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Violent_Crime_Control_and_Law_Enforcement_Act" title="Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act">Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act</a> but failed to pass his plan for <a href="/wiki/Clinton_health_care_plan_of_1993" title="Clinton health care plan of 1993">national health care reform</a>. Starting in the mid-1990s, he began an ideological evolution as he became much more conservative in his domestic policy, advocating for and signing the <a href="/wiki/Personal_Responsibility_and_Work_Opportunity_Act" title="Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act">Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act</a>, the <a href="/wiki/State_Children%27s_Health_Insurance_Program" class="mw-redirect" title="State Children's Health Insurance Program">State Children's Health Insurance Program</a> and financial deregulation measures. He appointed <a href="/wiki/Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg" title="Ruth Bader Ginsburg">Ruth Bader Ginsburg</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Stephen Breyer</a> to the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Supreme Court">U.S. Supreme Court</a>. In foreign policy, Clinton ordered U.S. military intervention in the <a href="/wiki/Bosnian_War" title="Bosnian War">Bosnian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosovo war">Kosovo wars</a>, eventually signing the <a href="/wiki/Dayton_Agreement" title="Dayton Agreement">Dayton Peace agreement</a>. He also called for the <a href="/wiki/Expansion_of_NATO" class="mw-redirect" title="Expansion of NATO">expansion of NATO</a> in Eastern Europe and many former <a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Pact" title="Warsaw Pact">Warsaw Pact</a> members joined NATO during his presidency. Clinton's foreign policy in the Middle East saw him sign the <a href="/wiki/Iraq_Liberation_Act" title="Iraq Liberation Act">Iraq Liberation Act</a> which gave aid to groups against <a href="/wiki/Saddam_Hussein" title="Saddam Hussein">Saddam Hussein</a>. He also participated in the <a href="/wiki/Oslo_I_Accord" title="Oslo I Accord">Oslo I Accord</a> and <a href="/wiki/2000_Camp_David_Summit" title="2000 Camp David Summit">Camp David Summit</a> to advance the <a href="/wiki/Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_peace_process" title="Israeli–Palestinian peace process">Israeli–Palestinian peace process</a>, and assisted the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_peace_process" title="Northern Ireland peace process">Northern Ireland peace process</a>. Clinton won re-election in the <a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="1996 United States presidential election">1996 election</a>, defeating Republican nominee <a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole" title="Bob Dole">Bob Dole</a> and <a href="/wiki/Reform_Party_of_the_United_States_of_America" title="Reform Party of the United States of America">Reform Party</a> nominee Perot. His second term was dominated by the <a href="/wiki/Clinton%E2%80%93Lewinsky_scandal" title="Clinton–Lewinsky scandal">Clinton–Lewinsky scandal</a>, which began in 1995, when he had a sexual relationship with the then 22-year-old <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> intern <a href="/wiki/Monica_Lewinsky" title="Monica Lewinsky">Monica Lewinsky</a>. In January 1998, news of the affair made tabloid headlines.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> This scandal escalated throughout the year, culminating in December when <a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Impeachment of Bill Clinton">Clinton was impeached</a> by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a>, becoming the first U.S. president to be impeached since <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">Andrew Johnson</a>. The two impeachment articles that the House passed were centered around <a href="/wiki/Perjury" title="Perjury">perjury</a> and Clinton using the powers of the presidency to commit obstruction of justice. In 1999, <a href="/wiki/Impeachment_trial_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Impeachment trial of Bill Clinton">Clinton's impeachment trial</a> began in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senate</a>, where he was acquitted on both charges. During the last three years of Clinton's presidency, the <a href="/wiki/Congressional_Budget_Office" title="Congressional Budget Office">Congressional Budget Office</a> reported a budget surplus—the first such surplus since 1969. Clinton left office in 2001 with the joint-highest approval rating of any U.S. president. His presidency ranks among the middle to upper tier in <a href="/wiki/Historical_rankings_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="Historical rankings of presidents of the United States">historical rankings of U.S. presidents</a>. However, his personal conduct and <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_sexual_assault_and_misconduct_allegations" title="Bill Clinton sexual assault and misconduct allegations">misconduct allegations</a> have made him the subject of substantial scrutiny. Since leaving office, Clinton has been involved in public speaking and humanitarian work. He created the <a href="/wiki/Clinton_Foundation" title="Clinton Foundation">Clinton Foundation</a> to address international causes such as the prevention of HIV/AIDS and global warming. In 2009, he was named the <a href="/wiki/Special_Envoy_of_the_Secretary-General" title="Special Envoy of the Secretary-General">United Nations special envoy to Haiti</a>. After the <a href="/wiki/2010_Haiti_earthquake" title="2010 Haiti earthquake">2010 Haiti earthquake</a>, Clinton founded the <a href="/wiki/Clinton_Bush_Haiti_Fund" title="Clinton Bush Haiti Fund">Clinton Bush Haiti Fund</a> with <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a>. He has remained active in Democratic Party politics, campaigning for his wife's <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton_2008_presidential_campaign" title="Hillary Clinton 2008 presidential campaign">2008</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Hillary Clinton 2016 presidential campaign">2016 presidential campaigns</a>. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_career">Early life and career</h2></div> Clinton was born William Jefferson Blythe III on August 19, 1946, at Julia Chester Hospital in <a href="/wiki/Hope,_Arkansas" title="Hope, Arkansas">Hope, Arkansas</a>.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> He is the son of <a href="/wiki/William_Jefferson_Blythe_Jr." title="William Jefferson Blythe Jr.">William Jefferson Blythe Jr.</a>, a traveling salesman who died in an automobile accident three months before his birth, and <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Clinton_Kelley" title="Virginia Clinton Kelley">Virginia Dell Cassidy</a> (later Virginia Kelley).<a href="#cite_note-whitehouse.gov_bio-3">[3]</a> Blythe had initially survived the crash, but drowned in a drainage ditch. His parents had married on September 4, 1943, but this union later proved to be bigamous, as Blythe was still married to his fourth wife.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> Virginia traveled to <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a> to study nursing soon after Bill was born, leaving him in Hope with her parents Eldridge and Edith Cassidy, who owned and ran a small grocery store.<a href="#cite_note-My_Life-5">[5]</a> At a time when the southern United States was <a href="/wiki/Racial_segregation_in_the_United_States" title="Racial segregation in the United States">racially segregated</a>, Clinton's grandparents sold goods on <a href="/wiki/Credit_(finance)" class="mw-redirect" title="Credit (finance)">credit</a> to people of all races.<a href="#cite_note-My_Life-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> In 1950, Bill's mother returned from nursing school and married <a href="/wiki/Roger_Clinton_Sr." title="Roger Clinton Sr.">Roger Clinton Sr.</a>, who co-owned an <a href="/wiki/Car_dealership" title="Car dealership">automobile dealership</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hot_Springs,_Arkansas" title="Hot Springs, Arkansas">Hot Springs, Arkansas</a>, with his brother and <a href="/wiki/Earl_T._Ricks" title="Earl T. Ricks">Earl T. Ricks</a>.<a href="#cite_note-My_Life-5">[5]</a> The family moved to Hot Springs in 1950.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_William_Jefferson_Clinton_Birthplace_Home_National_Historic_Site_May_2018_3_(Bill_Clinton_Birthplace).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/President_William_Jefferson_Clinton_Birthplace_Home_National_Historic_Site_May_2018_3_%28Bill_Clinton_Birthplace%29.jpg/220px-President_William_Jefferson_Clinton_Birthplace_Home_National_Historic_Site_May_2018_3_%28Bill_Clinton_Birthplace%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/President_William_Jefferson_Clinton_Birthplace_Home_National_Historic_Site_May_2018_3_%28Bill_Clinton_Birthplace%29.jpg/330px-President_William_Jefferson_Clinton_Birthplace_Home_National_Historic_Site_May_2018_3_%28Bill_Clinton_Birthplace%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/President_William_Jefferson_Clinton_Birthplace_Home_National_Historic_Site_May_2018_3_%28Bill_Clinton_Birthplace%29.jpg/440px-President_William_Jefferson_Clinton_Birthplace_Home_National_Historic_Site_May_2018_3_%28Bill_Clinton_Birthplace%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4425" data-file-height="3707" /></a><figcaption>Clinton's <a href="/wiki/President_William_Jefferson_Clinton_Birthplace_Home_National_Historic_Site" title="President William Jefferson Clinton Birthplace Home National Historic Site">birthplace</a> home in <a href="/wiki/Hope,_Arkansas" title="Hope, Arkansas">Hope, Arkansas</a></figcaption></figure>Although he immediately assumed use of his stepfather's surname, it was not until Clinton turned 15<a href="#cite_note-Oprah_Talks_to_Bill_Clinton-11">[11]</a> that he formally adopted the surname Clinton as a gesture toward him.<a href="#cite_note-My_Life-5">[5]</a> Clinton has described his stepfather as a gambler and an alcoholic who regularly abused his mother and half-brother, <a href="/wiki/Roger_Clinton_Jr." title="Roger Clinton Jr.">Roger Clinton Jr.</a> The physical abuse only ceased after a then-14-year-old Bill challenged his stepfather to "stand and face" him, though the verbal/emotional abuse continued.<a href="#cite_note-First_in_His_Class-12">[12]</a> Bill would eventually forgive Roger Sr. for his abusive actions near the latter's death.<a href="#cite_note-Holmes-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-Levin-14">[14]</a> In Hot Springs, Clinton attended St. John's Catholic Elementary School, Ramble Elementary School, and the <a href="/wiki/School_segregation_in_the_United_States" title="School segregation in the United States">segregated</a> <a href="/wiki/Hot_Springs_High_School_(Arkansas)" title="Hot Springs High School (Arkansas)">Hot Springs High School</a>, where he was an active student leader, avid reader, and musician.<a href="#cite_note-My_Life-5">[5]</a> Clinton was in the chorus and played the <a href="/wiki/Tenor_saxophone" title="Tenor saxophone">tenor saxophone</a>, winning first chair in the state band's saxophone section. While in high school, Clinton performed for two years in a jazz trio, <a href="/wiki/3_Kings_(jazz_trio)" title="3 Kings (jazz trio)">The 3 Kings</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Randy_Goodrum" title="Randy Goodrum">Randy Goodrum</a>, who became a successful professional pianist.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> In 1961, Clinton became a member of the Hot Springs Chapter of the <a href="/wiki/DeMolay_International" title="DeMolay International">Order of DeMolay</a>, a youth group affiliated with <a href="/wiki/Freemasonry" title="Freemasonry">Freemasonry</a>, but he never became a Freemason.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> He briefly considered dedicating his life to music, but as he noted in his autobiography <a href="/wiki/My_Life_(Clinton_autobiography)" title="My Life (Clinton autobiography)">My Life</a>:<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r996643573">.mw-parser-output .block-indent{padding-left:3em;padding-right:0;overflow:hidden}</style><div class="block-indent">Sometime in my sixteenth year, I decided I wanted to be in public life as an elected official. I loved music and thought I could be very good, but I knew I would never be <a href="/wiki/John_Coltrane" title="John Coltrane">John Coltrane</a> or <a href="/wiki/Stan_Getz" title="Stan Getz">Stan Getz</a>. I was interested in medicine and thought I could be a fine doctor, but I knew I would never be <a href="/wiki/Michael_DeBakey" title="Michael DeBakey">Michael DeBakey</a>. But I knew I could be great in public service.<a href="#cite_note-My_Life-5">[5]</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bill_Clinton_in_1963_Old_Gold_Book.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Bill_Clinton_in_1963_Old_Gold_Book.jpg/170px-Bill_Clinton_in_1963_Old_Gold_Book.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Bill_Clinton_in_1963_Old_Gold_Book.jpg/255px-Bill_Clinton_in_1963_Old_Gold_Book.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Bill_Clinton_in_1963_Old_Gold_Book.jpg 2x" data-file-width="290" data-file-height="364" /></a><figcaption>Clinton in <a href="/wiki/Hot_Springs_High_School_(Arkansas)" title="Hot Springs High School (Arkansas)">Hot Springs High School</a>'s 1963 yearbook</figcaption></figure> Clinton began an interest in law at Hot Springs High, when he took up the challenge to argue the defense of the ancient <a href="/wiki/Roman_Senator" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Senator">Roman senator</a> <a href="/wiki/Catiline" title="Catiline">Catiline</a> in a mock trial in his Latin class.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> After a vigorous defense that made use of his "budding rhetorical and political skills", he told the Latin teacher Elizabeth Buck it "made him realize that someday he would study law".<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> Clinton has identified two influential moments in his life, both occurring in 1963, that contributed to his decision to become a public figure. One was his visit as a <a href="/wiki/Boys_Nation" title="Boys Nation">Boys Nation</a> senator to the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> to meet President <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a>.<a href="#cite_note-First_in_His_Class-12">[12]</a> The other was watching <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Martin Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.</a>'s 1963 "<a href="/wiki/I_Have_a_Dream" title="I Have a Dream">I Have a Dream</a>" speech on TV, which impressed him so much that he later memorized it.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="College_and_law_school_years">College and law school years</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Georgetown_University">Georgetown University</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Clinton_at_Georgetown_1967.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Clinton_at_Georgetown_1967.jpg/170px-Clinton_at_Georgetown_1967.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="218" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Clinton_at_Georgetown_1967.jpg/255px-Clinton_at_Georgetown_1967.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Clinton_at_Georgetown_1967.jpg/340px-Clinton_at_Georgetown_1967.jpg 2x" data-file-width="690" data-file-height="884" /></a><figcaption>Clinton ran for president of the <a href="/wiki/Georgetown_University_Student_Association" title="Georgetown University Student Association">Student Council</a> while attending the School of Foreign Service at <a href="/wiki/Georgetown_University" title="Georgetown University">Georgetown University</a>.</figcaption></figure> With the aid of scholarships, Clinton attended the <a href="/wiki/School_of_Foreign_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="School of Foreign Service">School of Foreign Service</a> at <a href="/wiki/Georgetown_University" title="Georgetown University">Georgetown University</a> in Washington, D.C., receiving a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Science" title="Bachelor of Science">Bachelor of Science</a> in foreign service degree in 1968. Georgetown was the only university where Clinton applied.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> In 1964 and 1965, Clinton won elections for <a href="/wiki/Class_president" title="Class president">class president</a>.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> From 1964 to 1967, he was an intern and then a clerk in the office of Arkansas Senator <a href="/wiki/J._William_Fulbright" title="J. William Fulbright">J. William Fulbright</a>.<a href="#cite_note-My_Life-5">[5]</a> While in college, he became a brother of service fraternity <a href="/wiki/Alpha_Phi_Omega" title="Alpha Phi Omega">Alpha Phi Omega</a><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> and was elected to <a href="/wiki/Phi_Beta_Kappa" title="Phi Beta Kappa">Phi Beta Kappa</a>. He is a member of <a href="/wiki/Kappa_Kappa_Psi" title="Kappa Kappa Psi">Kappa Kappa Psi</a> honorary band fraternity.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Oxford">Oxford</h3></div> Upon graduating from Georgetown in 1968, Clinton won a <a href="/wiki/Rhodes_Scholarship" title="Rhodes Scholarship">Rhodes Scholarship</a> to <a href="/wiki/University_College,_Oxford" title="University College, Oxford">University College, Oxford</a>, where he initially read for a <a href="/wiki/B.Phil." class="mw-redirect" title="B.Phil.">B.Phil.</a> in <a href="/wiki/Philosophy,_Politics,_and_Economics" class="mw-redirect" title="Philosophy, Politics, and Economics">philosophy, politics, and economics</a> but transferred to a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Letters" title="Bachelor of Letters">B.Litt.</a> in politics and, ultimately, a B.Phil. in politics.<a href="#cite_note-Hoffman-24">[24]</a> Clinton did not expect to return for the second year because of the draft and so he switched programs; this type of activity was common among other Rhodes Scholars from his cohort. He had received an offer to study at <a href="/wiki/Yale_Law_School" title="Yale Law School">Yale Law School</a>, and so he left early to return to the United States and did not receive a degree from Oxford.<a href="#cite_note-First_in_His_Class-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dowd-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> During his time at Oxford, Clinton befriended fellow American Rhodes Scholar Frank Aller. In 1969, Aller received a <a href="/wiki/Draft_lottery_(1969)" class="mw-redirect" title="Draft lottery (1969)">draft</a> letter that mandated deployment to the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>. Aller's 1971 suicide had an influential impact on Clinton.<a href="#cite_note-Hoffman-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> British writer and feminist <a href="/wiki/Sara_Maitland" title="Sara Maitland">Sara Maitland</a> said of Clinton, "I remember Bill and Frank Aller taking me to a pub in Walton Street in the summer term of 1969 and talking to me about the Vietnam War. I knew nothing about it, and when Frank began to describe the napalming of civilians I began to cry. Bill said that feeling bad wasn't good enough. That was the first time I encountered the idea that liberal sensitivities weren't enough and you had to do something about such things".<a href="#cite_note-Hoffman-24">[24]</a> Clinton was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Men%27s_Basketball" title="Oxford University Men's Basketball">Oxford University Basketball Club</a> and also played for Oxford University's <a href="/wiki/Rugby_union" title="Rugby union">rugby union</a> team.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> While Clinton was president in 1994, he received an honorary <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Civil_Law" title="Doctor of Civil Law">Doctor of Civil Law</a> degree and a fellowship from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a>, specifically for being "a doughty and tireless champion of the cause of world peace", having "a powerful collaborator in his wife", and for winning "general applause for his achievement of resolving the gridlock that prevented an agreed budget".<a href="#cite_note-Dowd-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vietnam_War_opposition_and_draft_controversy">Vietnam War opposition and draft controversy</h3></div> During the Vietnam War, Clinton received educational draft deferments while he was in England in 1968 and 1969.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> While at Oxford, he participated in <a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_the_Vietnam_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Opposition to the Vietnam War">Vietnam War protests</a> and organized a <a href="/wiki/Moratorium_to_End_the_War_in_Vietnam" title="Moratorium to End the War in Vietnam">Moratorium to End the War in Vietnam</a> event in October 1969.<a href="#cite_note-My_Life-5">[5]</a> He was planning to attend law school in the U.S. and knew he might lose his deferment. Clinton tried unsuccessfully to obtain positions in the <a href="/wiki/National_Guard_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="National Guard of the United States">National Guard</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Officer_Training_School" title="Air Force Officer Training School">Air Force officer candidate school</a>, and he then made arrangements to join the <a href="/wiki/Reserve_Officers%27_Training_Corps" title="Reserve Officers' Training Corps">Reserve Officers' Training Corps</a> (ROTC) program at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Arkansas" title="University of Arkansas">University of Arkansas</a>.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> He subsequently decided not to join the ROTC, saying in a letter to the officer in charge of the program that he opposed the war, but did not think it was honorable to use ROTC, National Guard, or Reserve service to avoid serving in Vietnam. He further stated that because he opposed the war, he would not volunteer to serve in uniform, but would subject himself to the draft, and would serve if selected only as a way "to maintain my political viability within the system".<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> Clinton registered for the draft and received a high number (311), meaning that those whose birthdays had been drawn as numbers 1 to 310 would be <a href="/wiki/Draft_lottery_(1969)" class="mw-redirect" title="Draft lottery (1969)">drafted</a> before him, making it unlikely he would be called up. (In fact, the highest number drafted was 195.)<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> <a href="/wiki/Colonel_(United_States)" title="Colonel (United States)">Colonel</a> Eugene Holmes, the Army officer who had been involved with Clinton's ROTC application, suspected that Clinton attempted to manipulate the situation to avoid the draft and avoid serving in uniform. He issued a <a href="/wiki/Notarize" class="mw-redirect" title="Notarize">notarized</a> statement during the 1992 presidential campaign:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r996643573"><div class="block-indent">I was informed by the draft board that it was of interest to Senator Fulbright's office that Bill Clinton, a Rhodes Scholar, should be admitted to the <a href="/wiki/ROTC" class="mw-redirect" title="ROTC">ROTC</a> program ... I believe that he purposely deceived me, using the possibility of joining the ROTC as a ploy to work with the draft board to delay his induction and get a new draft classification.<a href="#cite_note-Morris1999-35">[35]</a></div> During the 1992 campaign, it was revealed that Clinton's uncle had attempted to secure him a position in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy_Reserve" title="United States Navy Reserve">Navy Reserve</a>, which would have prevented him from being deployed to Vietnam. This effort was unsuccessful and Clinton said in 1992 that he had been unaware of it until then.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> Although legal, Clinton's actions with respect to the draft and deciding whether to serve in the military were criticized during his first presidential campaign by conservatives and some Vietnam veterans, some of whom charged that he had used Fulbright's influence to avoid military service.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> Clinton's 1992 campaign manager, <a href="/wiki/James_Carville" title="James Carville">James Carville</a>, successfully argued that Clinton's letter in which he declined to join the ROTC should be made public, insisting that voters, many of whom had also opposed the Vietnam War, would understand and appreciate his position.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Law_school">Law school</h3></div> After Oxford, Clinton attended Yale Law School and earned a <a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">Juris Doctor</a> (J.D.) degree in 1973.<a href="#cite_note-First_in_His_Class-12">[12]</a> In 1971, he met his future wife, Hillary Rodham, in the <a href="/wiki/Lillian_Goldman_Law_Library" title="Lillian Goldman Law Library">Yale Law Library</a>; she was a class year ahead of him.<a href="#cite_note-HRCBio-40">[40]</a> They began dating and were soon inseparable. After only about a month, Clinton postponed his summer plans to be a coordinator for the <a href="/wiki/George_McGovern" title="George McGovern">George McGovern</a> <a href="/wiki/George_McGovern_presidential_campaign,_1972" class="mw-redirect" title="George McGovern presidential campaign, 1972">campaign</a> for the <a href="/wiki/1972_United_States_presidential_election" title="1972 United States presidential election">1972 United States presidential election</a> in order to move in with her in California.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> The couple continued <a href="/wiki/Cohabitating" class="mw-redirect" title="Cohabitating">living together</a> in New Haven when they returned to law school.<a href="#cite_note-nys-rad-42">[42]</a> Clinton eventually <a href="/wiki/1972_United_States_presidential_election_in_Texas#McGovern_campaign" title="1972 United States presidential election in Texas">moved to Texas with Rodham in 1972</a> to take a job leading McGovern's effort there. He spent considerable time in <a href="/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas">Dallas</a>, at the campaign's local headquarters on Lemmon Avenue, where he had an office. Clinton worked with future two-term <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Dallas" class="mw-redirect" title="List of mayors of Dallas">mayor of Dallas</a> <a href="/wiki/Ron_Kirk" title="Ron Kirk">Ron Kirk</a>,<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> future <a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Texas" title="List of governors of Texas">governor of Texas</a> <a href="/wiki/Ann_Richards" title="Ann Richards">Ann Richards</a>,<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> and then unknown television director and filmmaker <a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a>.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Failed_congressional_campaign_and_tenure_as_Attorney_General_of_Arkansas">Failed congressional campaign and tenure as Attorney General of Arkansas</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Electoral history of Bill Clinton">Electoral history of Bill Clinton</a></div> After graduating from <a href="/wiki/Yale_Law_School" title="Yale Law School">Yale Law School</a>, Clinton returned to Arkansas and became a law <a href="/wiki/Professor" title="Professor">professor</a> at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Arkansas" title="University of Arkansas">University of Arkansas</a>. In 1974, he ran for the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a>. Running in the conservative <a href="/wiki/Arkansas%27s_3rd_congressional_district" title="Arkansas's 3rd congressional district">3rd district</a> against incumbent Republican <a href="/wiki/John_Paul_Hammerschmidt" title="John Paul Hammerschmidt">John Paul Hammerschmidt</a>, Clinton's campaign was bolstered by the anti-Republican and anti-incumbent mood resulting from the <a href="/wiki/Watergate_scandal" title="Watergate scandal">Watergate scandal</a>. Hammerschmidt, who had received 77 percent of the vote in 1972, defeated Clinton by only a 52 percent to 48 percent margin. In 1976, Clinton ran for <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Attorney_General" title="Arkansas Attorney General">Arkansas attorney general</a>. Defeating the secretary of state and the deputy attorney general in the Democratic primary, Clinton was elected with no opposition at all in the general election, as no Republican had run for the office.<a href="#cite_note-AllPolitics1-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-First_in_His_Class-12">[12]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governor_of_Arkansas_(1979–1981,_1983–1992)">Governor of Arkansas (1979–1981, 1983–1992)</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Governorships_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Governorships of Bill Clinton">Governorships of Bill Clinton</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bill_Clinton_1978.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Bill_Clinton_1978.jpg/220px-Bill_Clinton_1978.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Bill_Clinton_1978.jpg/330px-Bill_Clinton_1978.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Bill_Clinton_1978.jpg/440px-Bill_Clinton_1978.jpg 2x" data-file-width="511" data-file-height="363" /></a><figcaption>Clinton meets with President <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a>, 1978</figcaption></figure> In 1978, Clinton entered the Arkansas gubernatorial primary. At just 31 years old, he was one of the youngest gubernatorial candidates in the state's history. Clinton was elected <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Arkansas" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Arkansas">governor of Arkansas</a> in <a href="/wiki/1978_Arkansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1978 Arkansas gubernatorial election">1978</a>, having defeated the Republican candidate <a href="/wiki/Lynn_Lowe" title="Lynn Lowe">Lynn Lowe</a>, a farmer from <a href="/wiki/Texarkana,_Arkansas" title="Texarkana, Arkansas">Texarkana</a>. Clinton was only 32 years old when he took office, the youngest governor in the country at the time and the second youngest governor in the history of Arkansas.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> Due to his youthful appearance, Clinton was often called the "Boy Governor".<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> He worked on educational reform and directed the maintenance of Arkansas's roads, with wife Hillary leading a successful committee on urban health care reform. However, his term included an unpopular motor vehicle tax and citizens' anger over the escape of Cuban refugees (from the <a href="/wiki/Mariel_boatlift" title="Mariel boatlift">Mariel boatlift</a>) detained in <a href="/wiki/Fort_Chaffee" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Chaffee">Fort Chaffee</a> in 1980. Monroe Schwarzlose, of <a href="/wiki/Kingsland,_Arkansas" title="Kingsland, Arkansas">Kingsland</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_County,_Arkansas" title="Cleveland County, Arkansas">Cleveland County</a>, polled 31 percent of the vote against Clinton in the Democratic gubernatorial primary of 1980. Some suggested Schwarzlose's unexpected voter turnout foreshadowed Clinton's defeat by Republican challenger <a href="/wiki/Frank_D._White" title="Frank D. White">Frank D. White</a> in the general election that year. As Clinton once joked, he was the youngest ex-governor in the nation's history.<a href="#cite_note-First_in_His_Class-12">[12]</a> After leaving office in January 1981, Clinton joined friend <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Lindsey" title="Bruce Lindsey">Bruce Lindsey</a>'s Little Rock law firm of Wright, Lindsey and Jennings.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> In 1982, he was elected governor a second time and kept the office for ten years. Effective with the 1986 election, Arkansas had changed its gubernatorial term of office from two to four years. During his term, he helped transform Arkansas's economy and improved the state's educational system.<a href="#cite_note-pendleton-52">[52]</a> For <a href="/wiki/Senior_citizen" class="mw-redirect" title="Senior citizen">senior citizens</a>, he removed the <a href="/wiki/Sales_tax" title="Sales tax">sales tax</a> from medications and increased the home property-tax exemption.<a href="#cite_note-The_Natural-53">[53]</a> He became a leading figure among the <a href="/wiki/New_Democrats_(United_States)" title="New Democrats (United States)">New Democrats</a>, a group of <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democrats</a> who advocated welfare reform, smaller government, and other policies not supported by liberals. Formally organized as the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Leadership_Council" title="Democratic Leadership Council">Democratic Leadership Council</a> (DLC), the New Democrats argued that in light of President <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a>'s <a href="/wiki/1984_United_States_presidential_election" title="1984 United States presidential election">landslide victory in 1984</a>, the Democratic Party needed to adopt a more centrist political stance in order to succeed at the national level.<a href="#cite_note-The_Natural-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> Clinton delivered the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_response_to_the_State_of_the_Union_address" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic response to the State of the Union address">Democratic response</a> to Reagan's <a href="/wiki/1985_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1985 State of the Union Address">1985 State of the Union Address</a> and served as chair of the <a href="/wiki/National_Governors_Association" title="National Governors Association">National Governors Association</a> from 1986 to 1987, bringing him to an audience beyond Arkansas.<a href="#cite_note-First_in_His_Class-12">[12]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Ronald_Reagan_and_Nancy_Reagan_with_Bill_Clinton_and_Hillary_Clinton_walking_in_the_Cross_Hall_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/President_Ronald_Reagan_and_Nancy_Reagan_with_Bill_Clinton_and_Hillary_Clinton_walking_in_the_Cross_Hall_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-President_Ronald_Reagan_and_Nancy_Reagan_with_Bill_Clinton_and_Hillary_Clinton_walking_in_the_Cross_Hall_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="235" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/President_Ronald_Reagan_and_Nancy_Reagan_with_Bill_Clinton_and_Hillary_Clinton_walking_in_the_Cross_Hall_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-President_Ronald_Reagan_and_Nancy_Reagan_with_Bill_Clinton_and_Hillary_Clinton_walking_in_the_Cross_Hall_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/President_Ronald_Reagan_and_Nancy_Reagan_with_Bill_Clinton_and_Hillary_Clinton_walking_in_the_Cross_Hall_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-President_Ronald_Reagan_and_Nancy_Reagan_with_Bill_Clinton_and_Hillary_Clinton_walking_in_the_Cross_Hall_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1273" data-file-height="1362" /></a><figcaption>Governor and <a href="/wiki/Mrs._Clinton" class="mw-redirect" title="Mrs. Clinton">Mrs. Clinton</a> attend the Dinner Honoring the Nation's Governors in the White House with President Ronald Reagan and first lady <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Reagan" title="Nancy Reagan">Nancy Reagan</a>, 1987</figcaption></figure> In the early 1980s, Clinton made reform of the Arkansas education system a top priority of his gubernatorial administration. The Arkansas Education Standards Committee was chaired by Clinton's wife Hillary, who was also an attorney as well as the chair of the <a href="/wiki/Legal_Services_Corporation" title="Legal Services Corporation">Legal Services Corporation</a>. The committee transformed Arkansas's education system. Proposed reforms included more spending for schools (supported by a sales-tax increase), better opportunities for gifted children, vocational education, higher teachers' salaries, more course variety, and compulsory teacher competency exams. The reforms passed in September 1983 after Clinton called a special <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_General_Assembly" title="Arkansas General Assembly">legislative session</a>—the longest in Arkansas history.<a href="#cite_note-pendleton-52">[52]</a> Many have considered this the greatest achievement of the Clinton governorship.<a href="#cite_note-First_in_His_Class-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_Natural-53">[53]</a> He defeated four Republican candidates for governor: Lowe (1978), White (1982 and 1986), <a href="/wiki/Jonesboro,_Arkansas" title="Jonesboro, Arkansas">Jonesboro</a> businessmen <a href="/wiki/Woody_Freeman" class="mw-redirect" title="Woody Freeman">Woody Freeman</a> (1984), and <a href="/wiki/Sheffield_Nelson" title="Sheffield Nelson">Sheffield Nelson</a> of Little Rock (1990).<a href="#cite_note-AllPolitics1-46">[46]</a> Also in the 1980s, the Clintons' personal and business affairs included transactions that became the basis of the <a href="/wiki/Whitewater_controversy" title="Whitewater controversy">Whitewater controversy</a> investigation, which later dogged his presidential administration.<a href="#cite_note-Clinton_Wars-55">[55]</a> After extensive investigation over several years, no indictments were made against the Clintons related to the years in Arkansas.<a href="#cite_note-First_in_His_Class-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_Survivor-56">[56]</a> According to some sources, Clinton was a <a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States" title="Capital punishment in the United States">death penalty</a> opponent in his early years, but he eventually switched positions.<a href="#cite_note-mbsrgd-57">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> However he might have felt previously, by 1992, Clinton was insisting that Democrats "should no longer feel guilty about protecting the innocent".<a href="#cite_note-Hartman2015-59">[59]</a> During Clinton's final term as governor, <a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Arkansas" title="Capital punishment in Arkansas">Arkansas performed its first executions</a> since 1964 (the death penalty had been reinstated in 1976).<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> As Governor, he oversaw the <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_executed_in_Arkansas" title="List of people executed in Arkansas">first four executions carried out</a> by the state of Arkansas since the death penalty was reinstated there in 1976: one by <a href="/wiki/Electric_chair" title="Electric chair">electric chair</a> and three by <a href="/wiki/Lethal_injection" title="Lethal injection">lethal injection</a>.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> To draw attention to his stance on capital punishment, Clinton flew home to Arkansas mid-campaign in 1992, in order to affirm in person that the controversial execution of <a href="/wiki/Ricky_Ray_Rector" title="Ricky Ray Rector">Ricky Ray Rector</a>, would go forward as scheduled.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Scandals_and_allegations">Scandals and allegations</h3></div> During his time as governor in the 1980s, Arkansas was the center of a drug smuggling operation through <a href="/wiki/Mena_Intermountain_Municipal_Airport" title="Mena Intermountain Municipal Airport">Mena Airport</a>. <a href="/wiki/CIA" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a> agent <a href="/wiki/Barry_Seal" title="Barry Seal">Barry Seal</a> allegedly imported three to five billion dollars worth of <a href="/wiki/Cocaine" title="Cocaine">cocaine</a> through the airport, and the operation was linked to the <a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Contra_affair" title="Iran–Contra affair">Iran–Contra affair</a>.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> Clinton was accused of knowing about this operation, although nothing could be proven against him.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> Journalist <a href="/wiki/Sam_Smith_(journalist)" title="Sam Smith (journalist)">Sam Smith</a> tied him to various questionable business dealings.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> Clinton was also accused by <a href="/wiki/Gennifer_Flowers" title="Gennifer Flowers">Gennifer Flowers</a> to have used cocaine as governor<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> and his half-brother Roger was sentenced to prison in 1985 for possession and smuggling of cocaine, but was later <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_pardon_controversy" title="Bill Clinton pardon controversy">pardoned by his brother</a> after serving his sentence.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> During his time in Arkansas, there were also other scandals such as the <a href="/wiki/Whitewater_controversy" title="Whitewater controversy">Whitewater controversy</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> involving the Clintons' real estate dealings, and Bill Clinton was accused of serious sexual misconduct in Arkansas, including allegations of using the <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_State_Police" title="Arkansas State Police">Arkansas State Police</a> to gain access to women (<a href="/wiki/Troopergate_(Bill_Clinton)" title="Troopergate (Bill Clinton)">Troopergate affair</a>).<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Don_Henry_and_Kevin_Ives" title="Killing of Don Henry and Kevin Ives">killing of Don Henry and Kevin Ives</a> in 1987 started various <a href="/wiki/Clinton_body_count_conspiracy_theory" title="Clinton body count conspiracy theory">conspiracy theories</a> that accused Clinton and the Arkansas state authorities of covering up the crime.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1988_Democratic_presidential_primaries">1988 Democratic presidential primaries</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bill_Clinton_1986.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Bill_Clinton_1986.jpg/170px-Bill_Clinton_1986.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Bill_Clinton_1986.jpg/255px-Bill_Clinton_1986.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Bill_Clinton_1986.jpg/340px-Bill_Clinton_1986.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1153" data-file-height="1574" /></a><figcaption>Clinton in 1986</figcaption></figure> In 1987, the media speculated that Clinton would enter the presidential race. Clinton decided to remain as Arkansas governor (following consideration for the potential candidacy of Hillary for governor, initially favored—but ultimately vetoed—by the First Lady).<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-73">[73]</a> For the nomination, Clinton endorsed <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Massachusetts" title="Governor of Massachusetts">Massachusetts governor</a> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Dukakis" title="Michael Dukakis">Michael Dukakis</a>. He gave the nationally televised opening night address at the <a href="/wiki/1988_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1988 Democratic National Convention">1988 Democratic National Convention</a>, but his speech, which was 33 minutes long and twice the length it was expected to be, was criticized for being too long.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> Clinton presented himself both as a moderate and as a member of the New Democrat wing of the Democratic Party, and he headed the moderate Democratic Leadership Council in 1990 and 1991.<a href="#cite_note-The_Natural-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_Choice-75">[75]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1992_United_States_presidential_election">1992 United States presidential election</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_1992_presidential_campaign" title="Bill Clinton 1992 presidential campaign">Bill Clinton 1992 presidential campaign</a>, <a href="/wiki/1992_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1992 Democratic Party presidential primaries">1992 Democratic Party presidential primaries</a>, and <a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_election" title="1992 United States presidential election">1992 United States presidential election</a></div> In the first primary contest, the <a href="/wiki/Iowa_caucuses" title="Iowa caucuses">Iowa Caucus</a>, Clinton finished a distant third to Iowa senator <a href="/wiki/Tom_Harkin" title="Tom Harkin">Tom Harkin</a>. During the campaign for the <a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire_primary" class="mw-redirect" title="New Hampshire primary">New Hampshire primary</a>, reports surfaced that Clinton had engaged in an extramarital affair with <a href="/wiki/Gennifer_Flowers" title="Gennifer Flowers">Gennifer Flowers</a>. Clinton fell far behind former Massachusetts senator <a href="/wiki/Paul_Tsongas" title="Paul Tsongas">Paul Tsongas</a> in the New Hampshire polls.<a href="#cite_note-First_in_His_Class-12">[12]</a> Following <a href="/wiki/Super_Bowl_XXVI" title="Super Bowl XXVI">Super Bowl XXVI</a>, Clinton and his wife Hillary went on <a href="/wiki/60_Minutes" title="60 Minutes">60 Minutes</a> to rebuff the charges.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> Their television appearance was a calculated risk, but Clinton regained several delegates. He finished second to Tsongas in the <a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_election_in_New_Hampshire" title="1992 United States presidential election in New Hampshire">New Hampshire primary</a>, but after trailing badly in the polls and coming within single digits of winning, the media viewed it as a victory. News outlets labeled him "The Comeback Kid" for earning a firm second-place finish.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> Winning the big prizes of Florida and Texas and many of the <a href="/wiki/Southern_United_States" title="Southern United States">Southern primaries</a> on <a href="/wiki/Super_Tuesday" title="Super Tuesday">Super Tuesday</a> gave Clinton a sizable delegate lead. However, former California governor <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Brown" title="Jerry Brown">Jerry Brown</a> was scoring victories and Clinton had yet to win a significant contest outside his native South.<a href="#cite_note-First_in_His_Class-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_Choice-75">[75]</a> With no major Southern state remaining, Clinton targeted New York, which had many delegates. He scored a resounding victory in New York City, shedding his image as a regional candidate.<a href="#cite_note-The_Choice-75">[75]</a> Having been transformed into the consensus candidate, he secured the Democratic Party nomination, finishing with a victory in Jerry Brown's home state of California.<a href="#cite_note-First_in_His_Class-12">[12]</a> During the campaign, questions of <a href="/wiki/Conflict_of_interest" title="Conflict of interest">conflict of interest</a> regarding state business and the politically powerful <a href="/wiki/Rose_Law_Firm" title="Rose Law Firm">Rose Law Firm</a>, at which Hillary Rodham Clinton was a partner, arose. Clinton argued the questions were moot because all transactions with the state had been deducted before determining Hillary's firm pay.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> Further concern arose when Bill Clinton announced that, with Hillary, voters would be getting two presidents "for the price of one".<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> Clinton was still the governor of Arkansas while campaigning for U.S. president, and he returned to his home state to see that <a href="/wiki/Ricky_Ray_Rector" title="Ricky Ray Rector">Ricky Ray Rector</a> would be executed. After killing a police officer and a civilian, Rector shot himself in the head, leading to what his lawyers said was a state where he could still talk but did not understand the idea of death. According to both Arkansas state law and federal law, a seriously mentally impaired inmate cannot be executed. The courts disagreed with the allegation of grave mental impairment and allowed the execution. Clinton's return to Arkansas for the execution was framed in an article for <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> as a possible political move to counter "soft on crime" accusations.<a href="#cite_note-mbsrgd-57">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> Bush's <a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_approval_rating" title="United States presidential approval rating">approval ratings</a> were around 80 percent during the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Gulf War</a>, and he was described as unbeatable. When Bush compromised with Democrats to try to lower federal deficits, he reneged on his <a href="/wiki/Read_my_lips:_no_new_taxes" title="Read my lips: no new taxes">promise not to raise taxes</a>, which hurt his approval rating. Clinton repeatedly condemned Bush for making a promise he failed to keep.<a href="#cite_note-The_Choice-75">[75]</a> By election time, the economy was souring and Bush saw his approval rating plummet to just slightly over 40 percent.<a href="#cite_note-The_Choice-75">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> Finally, conservatives were previously united by anti-communism, but with the end of the Cold War, the party lacked a uniting issue. When <a href="/wiki/Pat_Buchanan" title="Pat Buchanan">Pat Buchanan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pat_Robertson" title="Pat Robertson">Pat Robertson</a> addressed Christian themes at the <a href="/wiki/1992_Republican_National_Convention" title="1992 Republican National Convention">Republican National Convention</a>—with Bush criticizing Democrats for omitting God from their platform—many moderates were alienated.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> Clinton then pointed to his moderate, "New Democrat" record as governor of Arkansas, though some on the more liberal side of the party remained suspicious.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> Many Democrats who had supported Ronald Reagan and Bush in previous elections switched their support to Clinton.<a href="#cite_note-BBConthisday-84">[84]</a> Clinton and his running mate, <a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a>, toured the country during the final weeks of the campaign, shoring up support and pledging a "new beginning".<a href="#cite_note-BBConthisday-84">[84]</a> On March 26, 1992, during a Democratic <a href="/wiki/Fundraising" title="Fundraising">fund raiser</a> of the presidential campaign, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Rafsky" title="Robert Rafsky">Robert Rafsky</a> confronted then Gov. Bill Clinton of Arkansas and asked what he was going to do about <a href="/wiki/AIDS" class="mw-redirect" title="AIDS">AIDS</a>, to which Clinton replied, "I feel your pain".<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> The televised exchange led to AIDS becoming an issue in the 1992 presidential election. On April 4, then candidate Clinton met with members of <a href="/wiki/ACT_UP" title="ACT UP">ACT UP</a> and other leading AIDS advocates to discuss his AIDS agenda and agreed to make a major AIDS policy speech, to have people with HIV speak to the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_National_Convention" title="Democratic National Convention">Democratic Convention</a>, and to sign onto the <a href="/wiki/AIDS_United" title="AIDS United">AIDS United</a> Action five point plan.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ElectoralCollege1992.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/ElectoralCollege1992.svg/280px-ElectoralCollege1992.svg.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/ElectoralCollege1992.svg/420px-ElectoralCollege1992.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/ElectoralCollege1992.svg/560px-ElectoralCollege1992.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="593" /></a><figcaption>1992 electoral vote results. Clinton won 370–168.</figcaption></figure> Clinton won the <a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_election" title="1992 United States presidential election">1992 presidential election</a> (370 electoral votes) against Republican incumbent George H. W. Bush (168 electoral votes) and billionaire <a href="/wiki/Populism" title="Populism">populist</a> <a href="/wiki/Ross_Perot" title="Ross Perot">Ross Perot</a> (zero electoral votes), who ran as an independent on a platform that focused on domestic issues. Bush's steep decline in public approval was a significant part of Clinton's success.<a href="#cite_note-BBConthisday-84">[84]</a> Clinton's victory in the election ended twelve years of Republican rule of the White House and twenty of the previous twenty-four years. The election gave Democrats full control of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a>,<a href="#cite_note-whitehouse.gov_bio-3">[3]</a> the first time one party controlled both the executive and legislative branches since Democrats held the <a href="/wiki/96th_United_States_Congress" title="96th United States Congress">96th United States Congress</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Jimmy_Carter" title="Presidency of Jimmy Carter">presidency of Jimmy Carter</a>.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Seymour_Martin_Lipset" title="Seymour Martin Lipset">Seymour Martin Lipset</a>, the 1992 election had several unique characteristics. Voters felt that economic conditions were worse than they actually were, which harmed Bush. A rare event was the presence of a strong third-party candidate. Liberals launched a backlash against 12 years of a conservative White House. The chief factor was Clinton's uniting his party, and winning over a number of heterogeneous groups.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Presidency_(1993–2001)">Presidency (1993–2001)</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Presidency of Bill Clinton">Presidency of Bill Clinton</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a chronological guide, see <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bill_Clinton_presidency" title="Timeline of the Bill Clinton presidency">Timeline of the Bill Clinton presidency</a>.</div> Clinton's "<a href="/wiki/Third_Way#United_States" title="Third Way">third way</a>" of moderate liberalism built up the nation's fiscal health and put the nation on a firm footing abroad amid globalization and the development of anti-American terrorist organizations.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> During his presidency, <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Bill_Clinton#Legislation_and_programs" title="Presidency of Bill Clinton">Clinton advocated for a wide variety of legislation and programs</a>, most of which were enacted into law or implemented by the executive branch. His policies, particularly the <a href="/wiki/North_American_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="North American Free Trade Agreement">North American Free Trade Agreement</a> and <a href="/wiki/Personal_Responsibility_and_Work_Opportunity_Act" title="Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act">welfare reform</a>, have been attributed to a <a href="/wiki/Centrism" title="Centrism">centrist</a> <a href="/wiki/Third_Way" title="Third Way">Third Way</a> philosophy of governance.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> His policy of <a href="/wiki/Fiscal_conservatism" title="Fiscal conservatism">fiscal conservatism</a> helped to reduce deficits on budgetary matters.<a href="#cite_note-wp070914-93">[93]</a><a href="#cite_note-bbc010115-94">[94]</a> Clinton presided over the longest period of peacetime economic expansion in American history.<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTExpansion-96">[96]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Congressional_Budget_Office" title="Congressional Budget Office">Congressional Budget Office</a> reported budget surpluses of $69 billion in 1998, $126 billion in 1999, and $236 billion in 2000,<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> during the last three years of Clinton's presidency.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> Over the years of the recorded surplus, the gross national debt rose each year. At the end of the fiscal year (September 30) for each of the years a surplus was recorded, the U.S. Treasury reported a gross debt of $5.413 trillion in 1997, $5.526 trillion in 1998, $5.656 trillion in 1999, and $5.674 trillion in 2000.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> Over the same period, the Office of Management and Budget reported an end of year (December 31) gross debt of $5.369 trillion in 1997, $5.478 trillion in 1998, $5.606 in 1999, and $5.629 trillion in 2000.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> At the end of his presidency, the Clintons moved to 15 Old House Lane in <a href="/wiki/Chappaqua,_New_York" title="Chappaqua, New York">Chappaqua, New York</a>, in order to quell political worries about his wife's residency for election as a U.S. Senator from New York.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_term_(1993–1997)">First term (1993–1997)</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1096940132"><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/50px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/75px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/100px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:First_Inaugural_(January_20,_1993)_Bill_Clinton.ogv" title="File:First Inaugural (January 20, 1993) Bill Clinton.ogv">First inauguration of Bill Clinton (January 20, 1993)</a></div> <div><video id="mwe_player_1" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/First_Inaugural_%28January_20%2C_1993%29_Bill_Clinton.ogv/232px--First_Inaugural_%28January_20%2C_1993%29_Bill_Clinton.ogv.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" height="174" data-durationhint="872" data-mwtitle="First_Inaugural_(January_20,_1993)_Bill_Clinton.ogv" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fe/First_Inaugural_%28January_20%2C_1993%29_Bill_Clinton.ogv/First_Inaugural_%28January_20%2C_1993%29_Bill_Clinton.ogv.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; 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See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:25em; ; color: #202122;background-color: #c6dbf7;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> "Our democracy must be not only the envy of the world but the engine of our own renewal. There is nothing wrong with America that cannot be cured by what is right with America." </blockquote> <cite class="left-aligned" style="">Inaugural address, January 20, 1993.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a></cite> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dan_Hadani_collection_(990040377410205171).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Clinton during the signing of the Israel–Jordan peace treaty, with Yitzhak Rabin (left) and King Hussein of Jordan (right)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Dan_Hadani_collection_%28990040377410205171%29.jpg/220px-Dan_Hadani_collection_%28990040377410205171%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Dan_Hadani_collection_%28990040377410205171%29.jpg/330px-Dan_Hadani_collection_%28990040377410205171%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Dan_Hadani_collection_%28990040377410205171%29.jpg/440px-Dan_Hadani_collection_%28990040377410205171%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1699" data-file-height="1278" /></a><figcaption>Clinton during the signing of the <a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Jordan_peace_treaty" title="Israel–Jordan peace treaty">Israel–Jordan peace treaty</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Rabin" title="Yitzhak Rabin">Yitzhak Rabin</a> (left) and King <a href="/wiki/Hussein_of_Jordan" title="Hussein of Jordan">Hussein of Jordan</a> (right)</figcaption></figure> After <a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Presidential transition of Bill Clinton">his presidential transition</a>, Clinton was <a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Bill_Clinton" title="First inauguration of Bill Clinton">inaugurated</a> as the 42nd president of the United States on January 20, 1993. Clinton was physically exhausted at the time, and had an inexperienced staff. His high levels of public support dropped in the first few weeks, as he made a series of mistakes. His first choice for attorney general had not paid her taxes on babysitters and was forced to withdraw. The second appointee also withdrew for the same reason. Clinton had repeatedly promised to encourage gays in the military service, despite what he knew to be the strong opposition of the military leadership. He tried anyway, and was publicly opposed by the top generals, and forced by Congress to a compromise position of "<a href="/wiki/Don%27t_ask,_don%27t_tell" title="Don't ask, don't tell">Don't ask, don't tell</a>" whereby gays could serve if and only if they kept it secret.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> He devised a $16-billion stimulus package primarily to aid inner-city programs desired by liberals, but it was defeated by a Republican filibuster in the Senate.<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> His popularity at the 100 day mark of his term was the lowest of any president at that point.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> Public opinion did support one liberal program, and Clinton signed the <a href="/wiki/Family_and_Medical_Leave_Act_of_1993" title="Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993">Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993</a>, which required large employers to allow employees to take unpaid leave for pregnancy or a serious medical condition. This action had bipartisan support,<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> and was popular with the public.<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> Two days after taking office, on January 22, 1993—the 20th anniversary of the U.S. Supreme Court decision in <a href="/wiki/Roe_v._Wade" title="Roe v. Wade">Roe v. Wade</a>—Clinton reversed restrictions on domestic and international <a href="/wiki/Family_planning" title="Family planning">family planning</a> programs that had been imposed by Reagan and Bush.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> Clinton said abortion should be kept "safe, legal, and rare"—a slogan that had been suggested by political scientist <a href="/wiki/Samuel_L._Popkin" title="Samuel L. Popkin">Samuel L. Popkin</a> and first used by Clinton in December 1991, while campaigning.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> During the eight years of the Clinton administration, the abortion rate declined by 18 percent.<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> On February 15, 1993, Clinton made his first address to the nation, announcing his plan to raise taxes to close a <a href="/wiki/Budget_deficit" class="mw-redirect" title="Budget deficit">budget deficit</a>.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> Two days later, in a nationally televised address to a <a href="/wiki/Joint_session_of_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint session of Congress">joint session of Congress</a>, Clinton unveiled his economic plan. The plan focused on reducing the deficit rather than on cutting taxes for the middle class, which had been high on his campaign agenda.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> Clinton's advisers pressured him to raise taxes, based on the theory that a smaller federal budget deficit would reduce bond interest rates.<a href="#cite_note-114">[114]</a> President Clinton's attorney general <a href="/wiki/Janet_Reno" title="Janet Reno">Janet Reno</a> authorized the FBI's use of armored vehicles to deploy tear gas into the buildings of the Branch Davidian community near Waco, Texas, in hopes of ending a <a href="/wiki/Waco_siege" title="Waco siege">51 day siege</a>. During the operation on April 19, 1993, the buildings caught fire and 75 of the residents died, including 24 children. The raid had originally been planned by the Bush administration; Clinton had played no role.<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> In August, Clinton signed the <a href="/wiki/Omnibus_Budget_Reconciliation_Act_of_1993" title="Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993">Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993</a>, which passed Congress without a Republican vote. It cut taxes for 15 million low-income families, made tax cuts available to 90 percent of small businesses,<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> and raised taxes on the wealthiest 1.2 percent of taxpayers. Additionally, it mandated that the budget be balanced over many years through the implementation of spending restraints.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bill_Clinton_Al_Gore.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Bill_Clinton_Al_Gore.jpg/170px-Bill_Clinton_Al_Gore.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Bill_Clinton_Al_Gore.jpg/255px-Bill_Clinton_Al_Gore.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/Bill_Clinton_Al_Gore.jpg 2x" data-file-width="261" data-file-height="327" /></a><figcaption>Clinton and Vice President <a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a> on the South Lawn, August 10, 1993</figcaption></figure> On September 22, 1993, Clinton made a major speech to Congress regarding <a href="/wiki/Clinton_health_care_plan" class="mw-redirect" title="Clinton health care plan">a health care reform plan</a>; the program aimed at achieving universal coverage through a national health care plan. This was one of the most prominent items on Clinton's legislative agenda and resulted from a task force headed by Hillary Clinton. The plan was well received in political circles, but it was eventually doomed by well-organized lobby opposition from conservatives, the <a href="/wiki/American_Medical_Association" title="American Medical Association">American Medical Association</a>, and the health insurance industry. However, Clinton biographer <a href="/wiki/John_F._Harris" title="John F. Harris">John F. Harris</a> said the program failed because of a lack of coordination within the White House.<a href="#cite_note-The_Survivor-56">[56]</a> Despite the Democratic majority in Congress, the effort to create a national health care system ultimately died when compromise legislation by <a href="/wiki/George_J._Mitchell" title="George J. Mitchell">George J. Mitchell</a> failed to gain a majority of support in August 1994. The failure of the bill was the first major legislative defeat of the Clinton administration.<a href="#cite_note-The_Natural-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_Survivor-56">[56]</a> On November 30, 1993, Clinton signed into law the <a href="/wiki/Brady_Handgun_Violence_Prevention_Act" title="Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act">Brady Bill</a>, which mandated federal <a href="/wiki/Background_check" title="Background check">background checks</a> on people who purchase firearms in the United States. The law also imposed a five-day waiting period on purchases, until the <a href="/wiki/National_Instant_Criminal_Background_Check_System" title="National Instant Criminal Background Check System">NICS system</a> was implemented in 1998. He also expanded the <a href="/wiki/Earned_Income_Tax_Credit" class="mw-redirect" title="Earned Income Tax Credit">Earned Income Tax Credit</a>, a subsidy for low-income workers.<a href="#cite_note-The_Survivor-56">[56]</a> In December of the same year, allegations by Arkansas state troopers <a href="/wiki/Larry_Patterson" class="mw-redirect" title="Larry Patterson">Larry Patterson</a> and Roger Perry were first reported by <a href="/wiki/David_Brock" title="David Brock">David Brock</a> in <a href="/wiki/The_American_Spectator" title="The American Spectator">The American Spectator</a>. In the affair later known as "<a href="/wiki/Troopergate_(Bill_Clinton)" title="Troopergate (Bill Clinton)">Troopergate</a>", the officers alleged that they had arranged sexual liaisons for Clinton back when he was governor of Arkansas. The story mentioned a woman named Paula, a reference to <a href="/wiki/Paula_Jones" title="Paula Jones">Paula Jones</a>. Brock later apologized to Clinton, saying the article was politically motivated "bad journalism", and that "the troopers were greedy and had slimy motives".<a href="#cite_note-apology-119">[119]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bill_Clinton,_Yitzhak_Rabin,_Yasser_Arafat_at_the_White_House_1993-09-13.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Bill_Clinton%2C_Yitzhak_Rabin%2C_Yasser_Arafat_at_the_White_House_1993-09-13.jpg/220px-Bill_Clinton%2C_Yitzhak_Rabin%2C_Yasser_Arafat_at_the_White_House_1993-09-13.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Bill_Clinton%2C_Yitzhak_Rabin%2C_Yasser_Arafat_at_the_White_House_1993-09-13.jpg/330px-Bill_Clinton%2C_Yitzhak_Rabin%2C_Yasser_Arafat_at_the_White_House_1993-09-13.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Bill_Clinton%2C_Yitzhak_Rabin%2C_Yasser_Arafat_at_the_White_House_1993-09-13.jpg/440px-Bill_Clinton%2C_Yitzhak_Rabin%2C_Yasser_Arafat_at_the_White_House_1993-09-13.jpg 2x" data-file-width="602" data-file-height="411" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Rabin" title="Yitzhak Rabin">Yitzhak Rabin</a>, Clinton and <a href="/wiki/Yasser_Arafat" title="Yasser Arafat">Yasser Arafat</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Oslo_Accords" title="Oslo Accords">Oslo Accords</a> on September 13, 1993</figcaption></figure> That month, Clinton implemented a Department of Defense directive known as "<a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Ask,_Don%27t_Tell" class="mw-redirect" title="Don't Ask, Don't Tell">Don't Ask, Don't Tell</a>", which allowed gay men and women to serve in the armed services provided they kept their sexual orientation a secret. The Act forbade the military from inquiring about an individual's sexual orientation.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> The policy was developed as a compromise after Clinton's proposal to allow gays to serve openly in the military met staunch opposition from prominent Congressional Republicans and Democrats, including senators <a href="/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain">John McCain</a> (R-AZ) and <a href="/wiki/Sam_Nunn" title="Sam Nunn">Sam Nunn</a> (D-GA). According to <a href="/wiki/David_Mixner" title="David Mixner">David Mixner</a>, Clinton's support for the compromise led to a heated dispute with Vice President Al Gore, who felt that "the President should lift the ban ... even though [his executive order] was sure to be overridden by the Congress".<a href="#cite_note-Mixner2009-121">[121]</a> Some gay-rights advocates criticized Clinton for not going far enough and accused him of making his campaign promise to get votes and contributions.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> Their position was that Clinton should have integrated the military by executive order, noting that President <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> used executive order to racially desegregate the armed forces. Clinton's defenders argued that an executive order might have prompted the Senate to write the exclusion of gays into law, potentially making it harder to integrate the military in the future.<a href="#cite_note-The_Natural-53">[53]</a> Later in his presidency, in 1999, Clinton criticized the way the policy was implemented, saying he did not think any serious person could say it was not "out of whack".<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> The policy remained controversial, and was finally <a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Ask,_Don%27t_Tell_Repeal_Act_of_2010" title="Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act of 2010">repealed in 2011</a>, removing open sexual orientation as a reason for dismissal from the armed forces.<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1096940132"><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint listen-noimage"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Remarks_on_the_Signing_of_NAFTA_(December_8,_1993)_Bill_Clinton.ogv" title="File:Remarks on the Signing of NAFTA (December 8, 1993) Bill Clinton.ogv">Remarks on the Signing of NAFTA (December 8, 1993)</a></div> <div><video id="mwe_player_3" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Remarks_on_the_Signing_of_NAFTA_%28December_8%2C_1993%29_Bill_Clinton.ogv/215px--Remarks_on_the_Signing_of_NAFTA_%28December_8%2C_1993%29_Bill_Clinton.ogv.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="215" height="161" data-durationhint="1223" data-mwtitle="Remarks_on_the_Signing_of_NAFTA_(December_8,_1993)_Bill_Clinton.ogv" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/Remarks_on_the_Signing_of_NAFTA_%28December_8%2C_1993%29_Bill_Clinton.ogv" type="video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"" data-width="640" data-height="480" /></video></div> <div class="description">Clinton's December 8, 1993, remarks on the signing of the <a href="/wiki/North_American_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="North American Free Trade Agreement">North American Free Trade Agreement</a></div></div><hr /><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Remarks_on_the_Signing_of_NAFTA_(12-8-93,_WJC).ogg" title="File:Remarks on the Signing of NAFTA (12-8-93, WJC).ogg">Remarks on the Signing of NAFTA (December 8, 1993)</a></div> <div><audio id="mwe_player_4" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="215" style="width:215px;" data-durationhint="1245" data-mwtitle="Remarks_on_the_Signing_of_NAFTA_(12-8-93,_WJC).ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Remarks_on_the_Signing_of_NAFTA_%2812-8-93%2C_WJC%29.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fa/Remarks_on_the_Signing_of_NAFTA_%2812-8-93%2C_WJC%29.ogg/Remarks_on_the_Signing_of_NAFTA_%2812-8-93%2C_WJC%29.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></div> <div class="description">audio only version</div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr />Problems playing these files? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</div> </div> On January 1, 1994, Clinton signed the North American Free Trade Agreement into law.<a href="#cite_note-NAFTA-125">[125]</a> Throughout his first year in office, Clinton consistently supported ratification of the treaty by the U.S. Senate. Clinton and most of his allies in the Democratic Leadership Committee strongly supported free trade measures; there remained, however, strong disagreement within the party. Opposition came chiefly from anti-trade Republicans, protectionist Democrats and supporters of Ross Perot. The bill passed the house with 234 votes in favor and 200 votes opposed (132 Republicans and 102 Democrats in favor; 156 Democrats, 43 Republicans, and one independent opposed). The treaty was then ratified by the Senate and signed into law by the president.<a href="#cite_note-NAFTA-125">[125]</a> On July 29, 1994, the Clinton administration launched the first official White House website, <a href="/wiki/Whitehouse.gov" title="Whitehouse.gov">whitehouse.gov</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:1-126">[126]</a> The site was followed with three more versions, with the final version being launched on July 21, 2000.<a href="#cite_note-:1-126">[126]</a> The White House website was part of a wider movement of the Clinton administration toward web-based communication. According to Robert Longley, "Clinton and Gore were responsible for pressing almost all federal agencies, the U.S. court system and the U.S. military onto the Internet, thus opening up America's government to more of America's citizens than ever before. On July 17, 1996, Clinton issued Executive Order 13011—Federal Information Technology, ordering the heads of all federal agencies to utilize information technology fully to make the information of the agency easily accessible to the public."<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Violent_Crime_Control_and_Law_Enforcement_Act" title="Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act">Omnibus Crime Bill</a>, which Clinton signed into law in September 1994,<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> made many changes to U.S. crime and law enforcement legislation including the expansion of the death penalty to include crimes not resulting in death, such as running a large-scale drug enterprise. During Clinton's re-election campaign he said, "My 1994 crime bill expanded the death penalty for drug kingpins, murderers of federal law enforcement officers, and nearly 60 additional categories of violent felons."<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> It also included a subsection of <a href="/wiki/Federal_Assault_Weapons_Ban" title="Federal Assault Weapons Ban">assault weapons ban</a> for a ten-year period.<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> After two years of Democratic Party control, the Democrats lost control of Congress to the Republicans in the <a href="/wiki/1994_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1994 United States House of Representatives elections">mid-term elections in 1994</a>, for the first time in forty years.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> A speech delivered by President Bill Clinton at the December 6, 1995 <a href="/wiki/White_House_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="White House Conference">White House Conference</a> on HIV/AIDS projected that a cure for AIDS and a vaccine to prevent further infection would be developed. The President focused on his administration's accomplishments and efforts related to the <a href="/wiki/Epidemic" title="Epidemic">epidemic</a>, including an accelerated drug-approval process. He also condemned <a href="/wiki/Homophobia" title="Homophobia">homophobia</a> and discrimination against people with <a href="/wiki/HIV" title="HIV">HIV</a>. Clinton announced three new initiatives: creating a special working group to coordinate AIDS research throughout the <a href="/wiki/Federal_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal government">federal government</a>; convening public health experts to develop an action plan that integrates HIV prevention with substance abuse prevention; and launching a new effort by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">Department of Justice</a> to ensure that health care facilities provide equal access to people with HIV and AIDS.<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> 1996 would mark the first year since the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/HIV/AIDS_epidemic" class="mw-redirect" title="HIV/AIDS epidemic">HIV/AIDS epidemic</a> that the number of new HIV/AIDS diagnoses would decline, with the U.S. <a href="/wiki/Centers_for_Disease_Control_and_Prevention" title="Centers for Disease Control and Prevention">Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</a> (CDC) even later reporting a significant 47% decline in the number of AIDS-related deaths in 1997 compared to the previous year.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a><a href="#cite_note-clintonhhs-134">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-responsetohivaids-135">[135]</a> Credit for this decline would be given to the growing effectiveness of new drug therapy which was promoted by the Clinton Administration's Department of Health and Human Services, such as <a href="/wiki/Highly_active_antiretroviral_therapy" class="mw-redirect" title="Highly active antiretroviral therapy">highly active antiretroviral therapy</a> (HAART).<a href="#cite_note-clintonhhs-134">[134]</a><a href="#cite_note-responsetohivaids-135">[135]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Bill_Clinton.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Coat_of_Arms_of_Bill_Clinton.svg/150px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Bill_Clinton.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Coat_of_Arms_of_Bill_Clinton.svg/225px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Bill_Clinton.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Coat_of_Arms_of_Bill_Clinton.svg/300px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Bill_Clinton.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="395" data-file-height="546" /></a><figcaption>Clinton's coat of arms, granted by the <a href="/wiki/Chief_Herald_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief Herald of Ireland">Chief Herald of Ireland</a> in 1995</figcaption></figure> On September 21, 1996, Clinton signed into law the <a href="/wiki/Defense_of_Marriage_Act" title="Defense of Marriage Act">Defense of Marriage Act</a> (DOMA), which defined marriage for federal purposes as the legal union of one man and one woman; the legislation allowed individual states to refuse to recognize gay marriages that were performed in other states.<a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Yandura" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul Yandura">Paul Yandura</a>, speaking for the White House gay and lesbian liaison office, said Clinton's signing DOMA "was a political decision that they made at the time of a re-election". In defense of his actions, Clinton has said that DOMA was intended to "head off an attempt to send a constitutional amendment banning gay marriage to the states", a possibility he described as highly likely in the context of a "very reactionary Congress".<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a> Administration spokesman <a href="/wiki/Richard_Socarides" title="Richard Socarides">Richard Socarides</a> said, "the alternatives we knew were going to be far worse, and it was time to move on and get the president re-elected."<a href="#cite_note-metroweekly-138">[138]</a> Clinton himself said DOMA was something "which the Republicans put on the ballot to try to get the base vote for Bush up, I think it's obvious that something had to be done to try to keep the Republican Congress from presenting that";<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> others were more critical. The veteran gay rights and gay marriage activist <a href="/wiki/Evan_Wolfson" title="Evan Wolfson">Evan Wolfson</a> has called these claims "historic revisionism".<a href="#cite_note-metroweekly-138">[138]</a> Despite this, it has been noted that other than a brief written response to a Reader's Digest that questioned whether he agreed with it, Clinton had made no documented reference to the issue of gay marriage until May 1996.<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> In a July 2, 2011, editorial The New York Times opined, "The Defense of Marriage Act was enacted in 1996 as an election-year wedge issue, signed by President Bill Clinton in one of his worst policy moments."<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> Ultimately, in <a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Windsor" title="United States v. Windsor">United States v. Windsor</a>, the U.S. Supreme Court struck down DOMA in June 2013.<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> Despite DOMA, Clinton was the first president to select openly gay persons for administrative positions,<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> and he is generally credited as being the first president to publicly champion gay rights.<a href="#cite_note-newyorker.com-144">[144]</a> During his presidency, Clinton issued two substantially controversial executive orders on behalf of gay rights, the first lifting the ban on security clearances for LGBT federal employees<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a> and the second outlawing discrimination based on sexual orientation in the federal civilian workforce.<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> Under Clinton's leadership, federal funding for HIV/AIDS research, prevention and treatment more than doubled.<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> Clinton also pushed for passing hate crimes laws for gays and for the private sector <a href="/wiki/Employment_Non-Discrimination_Act" title="Employment Non-Discrimination Act">Employment Non-Discrimination Act</a>, which, buoyed by his lobbying, failed to pass the Senate by a single vote in 1996.<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> Advocacy for these issues, paired with the politically unpopular nature of the gay rights movement at the time, led to enthusiastic support for Clinton's election and reelection by the <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Campaign" title="Human Rights Campaign">Human Rights Campaign</a>.<a href="#cite_note-newyorker.com-144">[144]</a> Clinton came out for gay marriage in July 2009<a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> and urged the Supreme Court to overturn DOMA in 2013.<a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a> He was later honored by <a href="/wiki/GLAAD" title="GLAAD">GLAAD</a> for his prior pro-gay stances and his reversal on DOMA.<a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1224211176"><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:30em; ; color: #202122;background-color: #c6dbf7;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> "When I took office, only high energy physicists had ever heard of what is called the Worldwide Web ... Now even <a href="/wiki/Socks_(cat)" title="Socks (cat)">my cat</a> has its own page." </blockquote> <cite class="left-aligned" style="">Bill Clinton's announcement of <a href="/wiki/Next_Generation_Internet_Program" title="Next Generation Internet Program">Next Generation Internet initiative</a>, October 1996.<a href="#cite_note-NetValley-152">[152]</a></cite> </div> The <a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_campaign_finance_controversy" title="1996 United States campaign finance controversy">1996 United States campaign finance controversy</a> was an alleged effort by <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> to influence the domestic policies of the United States, before and during the Clinton administration, and involved the fundraising practices of the administration itself.<a href="#cite_note-wsjchinagate-153">[153]</a><a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a> Despite the evidence,<a href="#cite_note-wsjchinagate-153">[153]</a><a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_China" title="Government of China">Chinese government</a> denied all accusations.<a href="#cite_note-embassy-156">[156]</a> As part of a 1996 initiative to curb <a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_the_United_States" title="Illegal immigration to the United States">illegal immigration</a>, Clinton signed the <a href="/wiki/Illegal_Immigration_Reform_and_Immigrant_Responsibility_Act_of_1996" title="Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996">Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act</a> (IIRIRA) on September 30, 1996. Appointed by Clinton,<a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> the <a href="/wiki/History_of_laws_concerning_immigration_and_naturalization_in_the_United_States#1990s" title="History of laws concerning immigration and naturalization in the United States">U.S. Commission on Immigration Reform</a> recommended reducing legal immigration from about 800,000 people a year to about 550,000.<a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a><a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a> In November 1996, Clinton narrowly escaped possible assassination in the Philippines,<a href="#cite_note-youtube.com-160">[160]</a> which was a bridge bomb planted by <a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">al-Qaeda</a> and was masterminded by <a href="/wiki/Osama_bin_Laden" title="Osama bin Laden">Osama bin Laden</a>. During Clinton's presidency, the attempt remained top secret,<a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a> and it remains classified as of March 2024<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bill_Clinton&action=edit">[update]</a>, when <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a> reported having spoken with eight retired secret service agents about the incident.<a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1996_presidential_campaign">1996 presidential campaign</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_1996_presidential_campaign" title="Bill Clinton 1996 presidential campaign">Bill Clinton 1996 presidential campaign</a>, <a href="/wiki/1996_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1996 Democratic Party presidential primaries">1996 Democratic Party presidential primaries</a>, and <a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="1996 United States presidential election">1996 United States presidential election</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ElectoralCollege1996.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/ElectoralCollege1996.svg/280px-ElectoralCollege1996.svg.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/ElectoralCollege1996.svg/420px-ElectoralCollege1996.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/ElectoralCollege1996.svg/560px-ElectoralCollege1996.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="593" /></a><figcaption>1996 electoral vote results. Clinton won 379–159.</figcaption></figure> In the <a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="1996 United States presidential election">1996 presidential election</a>, Clinton was re-elected, receiving 49.2 percent of the popular vote over Republican <a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole" title="Bob Dole">Bob Dole</a> (40.7 percent of the popular vote) and <a href="/wiki/Reform_Party_of_the_United_States_of_America" title="Reform Party of the United States of America">Reform</a> candidate Ross Perot (8.4 percent of the popular vote). Clinton received 379 of the <a href="/wiki/Electoral_College_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Electoral College (United States)">Electoral College</a> votes, with Dole receiving 159 electoral votes. With his victory, he became the first Democrat to win two consecutive presidential elections since <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a>.<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-Clinton@2-164">[164]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Second_term_(1997–2001)">Second term (1997–2001)</h3></div> In the January 1997, State of the Union address, Clinton proposed a new initiative to provide health coverage to up to five million children. Senators <a href="/wiki/Ted_Kennedy" title="Ted Kennedy">Ted Kennedy</a>—a Democrat—and <a href="/wiki/Orrin_Hatch" title="Orrin Hatch">Orrin Hatch</a>—a Republican—teamed up with Hillary Rodham Clinton and her staff in 1997, and succeeded in passing legislation forming the <a href="/wiki/State_Children%27s_Health_Insurance_Program" class="mw-redirect" title="State Children's Health Insurance Program">State Children's Health Insurance Program</a> (SCHIP), the largest (successful) health care reform in the years of the Clinton Presidency. That year, Hillary Clinton shepherded through Congress the <a href="/wiki/Adoption_and_Safe_Families_Act" title="Adoption and Safe Families Act">Adoption and Safe Families Act</a> and two years later she succeeded in helping pass the <a href="/wiki/Foster_Care_Independence_Act" title="Foster Care Independence Act">Foster Care Independence Act</a>. Bill Clinton negotiated the passage of the <a href="/wiki/Balanced_Budget_Act_of_1997" title="Balanced Budget Act of 1997">Balanced Budget Act of 1997</a> by the Republican Congress. In October 1997, he announced he was getting hearing aids, due to hearing loss attributed to his age, and his time spent as a musician in his youth.<a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a> In 1999, he signed into law the Financial Services Modernization Act also known as the <a href="/wiki/Gramm%E2%80%93Leach%E2%80%93Bliley_Act" title="Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act">Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act</a>, which repealed the part of the <a href="/wiki/Glass%E2%80%93Steagall_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Glass–Steagall Act">Glass–Steagall Act</a> that had prohibited a bank from offering a full range of <a href="/wiki/Investment_banking" title="Investment banking">investment</a>, <a href="/wiki/Commercial_bank" title="Commercial bank">commercial banking</a>, and insurance services since its enactment in 1933.<a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Investigations">Investigations</h4></div> In November 1993, <a href="/wiki/David_Hale_(Whitewater)" title="David Hale (Whitewater)">David Hale</a>—the source of criminal allegations against Bill Clinton in the Whitewater controversy—alleged that while governor of Arkansas, Clinton pressured Hale to provide an illegal $300,000 loan to Susan McDougal, the Clintons' partner in the Whitewater land deal.<a href="#cite_note-salon031798-167">[167]</a> A <a href="/wiki/U.S._Securities_and_Exchange_Commission" title="U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission">U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission</a> investigation resulted in convictions against the McDougals for their role in the Whitewater project, but the Clintons themselves were never charged, and Clinton maintains his and his wife's innocence in the affair.<a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a> Investigations by <a href="/wiki/Robert_B._Fiske" title="Robert B. Fiske">Robert B. Fiske</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ken_Starr" title="Ken Starr">Ken Starr</a> found insufficient to evidence to prosecute the Clintons.<a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a><a href="#cite_note-170">[170]</a> The <a href="/wiki/White_House_FBI_files_controversy" title="White House FBI files controversy">White House FBI files controversy</a> of June 1996 arose concerning improper access by the White House to <a href="/wiki/FBI" class="mw-redirect" title="FBI">FBI</a> security-clearance documents. Craig Livingstone, head of the White House Office of Personnel Security, improperly requested, and received from the FBI, background report files without asking permission of the subject individuals; many of these were employees of former Republican administrations.<a href="#cite_note-171">[171]</a> In March 2000, Independent Counsel <a href="/wiki/Robert_Ray_(prosecutor)" title="Robert Ray (prosecutor)">Robert Ray</a> determined there was no credible evidence of any crime. Ray's report further stated, "there was no substantial and credible evidence that any senior White House official was involved" in seeking the files.<a href="#cite_note-172">[172]</a> On May 19, 1993, Clinton fired seven employees of the White House Travel Office. This caused the <a href="/wiki/White_House_travel_office_controversy" title="White House travel office controversy">White House travel office controversy</a> even though the travel office staff served at the pleasure of the president and could be <a href="/wiki/At-will_employment" title="At-will employment">dismissed without cause</a>. The White House responded to the controversy by claiming that the firings were done in response to financial improprieties that had been revealed by a brief FBI investigation.<a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a> Critics contended that the firings had been done to allow friends of the Clintons to take over the travel business and the involvement of the FBI was unwarranted.<a href="#cite_note-174">[174]</a> The House Government Reform and Oversight Committee issued a report which accused the Clinton administration of having obstructed their efforts to investigate the affair.<a href="#cite_note-cnn_com-175">[175]</a> Special counsel Robert Fiske said that Hillary Clinton was involved in the firing and gave "factually false" testimony to the GAO, congress, and the independent counsel. However Fiske said there was not enough evidence to prosecute.<a href="#cite_note-176">[176]</a><a href="#cite_note-cnn_com-175">[175]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Impeachment_and_acquittal">Impeachment and acquittal</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Impeachment of Bill Clinton">Impeachment of Bill Clinton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Impeachment_trial_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Impeachment trial of Bill Clinton">Impeachment trial of Bill Clinton</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Senate_in_session.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Senate_in_session.jpg/220px-Senate_in_session.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Senate_in_session.jpg/330px-Senate_in_session.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Senate_in_session.jpg/440px-Senate_in_session.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2001" data-file-height="1332" /></a><figcaption>Clinton's impeachment trial in 1999</figcaption></figure> After <a href="/wiki/Impeachment_inquiry_against_Bill_Clinton" class="mw-redirect" title="Impeachment inquiry against Bill Clinton">a House inquiry</a>, Clinton was <a href="/wiki/Federal_impeachment_in_the_United_States" title="Federal impeachment in the United States">impeached</a> on December 19, 1998, by the House of Representatives. The House voted 228–206 to impeach him for perjury to a <a href="/wiki/Grand_jury" title="Grand jury">grand jury</a><a href="#cite_note-ai-177">[177]</a> and voted 221–212 to impeach him for obstruction of justice.<a href="#cite_note-aiii-178">[178]</a> Clinton was only the second U.S. president (the first being <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">Andrew Johnson</a>) to be impeached.<a href="#cite_note-179">[179]</a> Impeachment proceedings were based on allegations that Clinton had illegally lied about and covered up his relationship with 22-year-old White House (and later <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="United States Department of Defense">Department of Defense</a>) employee <a href="/wiki/Monica_Lewinsky" title="Monica Lewinsky">Monica Lewinsky</a>.<a href="#cite_note-180">[180]</a> After the <a href="/wiki/Starr_Report" title="Starr Report">Starr Report</a> was submitted to the House providing what it termed "substantial and credible information that President Clinton Committed Acts that May Constitute Grounds for an Impeachment",<a href="#cite_note-181">[181]</a> the House began impeachment hearings against Clinton before the <a href="/wiki/United_States_midterm_election" title="United States midterm election">mid-term elections</a>. To hold impeachment proceedings, Republican leadership called a <a href="/wiki/Lame-duck_session" title="Lame-duck session">lame-duck session</a> in December 1998. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Donald_Trump_and_Bill_Clinton.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Donald_Trump_and_Bill_Clinton.jpg/220px-Donald_Trump_and_Bill_Clinton.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Donald_Trump_and_Bill_Clinton.jpg/330px-Donald_Trump_and_Bill_Clinton.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Donald_Trump_and_Bill_Clinton.jpg/440px-Donald_Trump_and_Bill_Clinton.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1707" /></a><figcaption>Clinton in 2000 at <a href="/wiki/Trump_Tower" title="Trump Tower">Trump Tower</a>, shaking hands with future 45th and 47th President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a></figcaption></figure> While the <a href="/wiki/House_Judiciary_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="House Judiciary Committee">House Judiciary Committee</a> hearings ended in a straight party-line vote, there was lively debate on the House floor. The two charges passed in the House (largely with Republican support, but with a handful of Democratic votes as well) were for perjury and obstruction of justice. The perjury charge arose from Clinton's testimony before a grand jury that had been convened to investigate perjury he may have committed in his sworn deposition during <a href="/wiki/Clinton_v._Jones" title="Clinton v. Jones">Jones v. Clinton</a>, Paula Jones's sexual harassment lawsuit.<a href="#cite_note-182">[182]</a> The obstruction charge was based on his actions to conceal his relationship with Lewinsky before and after that deposition. The Senate later acquitted Clinton of both charges.<a href="#cite_note-senvoteai-183">[183]</a> The Senate refused to meet to hold an impeachment trial before the end of the old term, so the trial was held over until the next Congress. Clinton was represented by Washington law firm <a href="/wiki/Williams_%26_Connolly" title="Williams & Connolly">Williams & Connolly</a>.<a href="#cite_note-184">[184]</a> The Senate finished a twenty-one-day trial on February 12, 1999, with the vote of 55 not guilty/45 guilty on the perjury charge<a href="#cite_note-senvoteai-183">[183]</a> and 50 not guilty/50 guilty on the obstruction of justice charge.<a href="#cite_note-washingtonpostimpeachment-185">[185]</a> Both votes fell short of the constitutional two-thirds majority requirement to convict and remove an officeholder. The final vote was generally along party lines, with no Democrats voting guilty, and only a handful of Republicans voting not guilty.<a href="#cite_note-senvoteai-183">[183]</a> On January 19, 2001, Clinton's law license was suspended for five years after he acknowledged to an Arkansas circuit court he had engaged in conduct prejudicial to the administration of justice in the Jones case.<a href="#cite_note-arkcomm-186">[186]</a><a href="#cite_note-wsj01plea-187">[187]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pardons_and_commutations">Pardons and commutations</h4></div> Clinton <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_pardon_controversy" title="Bill Clinton pardon controversy">issued</a> 141 pardons and 36 commutations on his last day in office on January 20, 2001.<a href="#cite_note-The_Survivor-56">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-188">[188]</a> Controversy surrounded <a href="/wiki/Marc_Rich" title="Marc Rich">Marc Rich</a> and allegations that Hillary Clinton's brother, <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Edwin_Rodham" class="mw-redirect" title="Hugh Edwin Rodham">Hugh Rodham</a>, accepted payments in return for influencing the president's decision-making regarding the pardons.<a href="#cite_note-189">[189]</a> Federal prosecutor <a href="/wiki/Mary_Jo_White" title="Mary Jo White">Mary Jo White</a> was appointed to investigate the pardon of Rich. She was later replaced by then-Republican <a href="/wiki/James_Comey" title="James Comey">James Comey</a>. The investigation found no wrongdoing on Clinton's part.<a href="#cite_note-190">[190]</a> Clinton also pardoned four defendants in the <a href="/wiki/Whitewater_Scandal" class="mw-redirect" title="Whitewater Scandal">Whitewater Scandal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chris_Wade_(real_estate_broker)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chris Wade (real estate broker)">Chris Wade</a>, <a href="/wiki/Susan_McDougal" title="Susan McDougal">Susan McDougal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Smith_(Whitewater)" title="Stephen Smith (Whitewater)">Stephen Smith</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Robert_W._Palmer" title="Robert W. Palmer">Robert W. Palmer</a>, all of whom had ties to Clinton when he was governor of Arkansas.<a href="#cite_note-191">[191]</a> Former Clinton <a href="/wiki/HUD_Secretary" class="mw-redirect" title="HUD Secretary">HUD Secretary</a> <a href="/wiki/Henry_Cisneros" title="Henry Cisneros">Henry Cisneros</a>, who pleaded guilty to lying to the FBI, was also among Clinton's pardons.<a href="#cite_note-192">[192]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Campaign_finance_controversies">Campaign finance controversies</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Bedroom_for_contributors_controversy" title="Lincoln Bedroom for contributors controversy">Lincoln Bedroom for contributors controversy</a> and <a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_campaign_finance_controversy" title="1996 United States campaign finance controversy">1996 United States campaign finance controversy</a></div> In February 1997 it was discovered upon documents being released by the <a href="/wiki/Clinton_Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Clinton Administration">Clinton Administration</a> that 938 people had stayed at the White House and that 821 of them had made donations to the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> and got the opportunity to stay in the Lincoln bedroom as a result of the donations.<a href="#cite_note-193">[193]</a><a href="#cite_note-washingtonpost.com-194">[194]</a> Some donors included <a href="/wiki/Steven_Spielberg" title="Steven Spielberg">Steven Spielberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tom_Hanks" title="Tom Hanks">Tom Hanks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jane_Fonda" title="Jane Fonda">Jane Fonda</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Judy_Collins" title="Judy Collins">Judy Collins</a>. Top donors also got golf games and morning jogs with Clinton as a result of the contributions.<a href="#cite_note-washingtonpost.com-194">[194]</a> <a href="/wiki/Janet_Reno" title="Janet Reno">Janet Reno</a> was called on to investigate the matter by <a href="/wiki/Trent_Lott" title="Trent Lott">Trent Lott</a>, but she refused.<a href="#cite_note-195">[195]</a> In 1996, it was found that several Chinese foreigners made contributions to Clinton's reelection campaign and the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_National_Committee" title="Democratic National Committee">Democratic National Committee</a> with the backing of the People's Republic of China. Some of them also attempted to donate to Clinton's defense fund.<a href="#cite_note-196">[196]</a> This violated United States law forbidding non-American citizens from making campaign contributions. Clinton and <a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a> also allegedly met with the foreign donors.<a href="#cite_note-197">[197]</a><a href="#cite_note-198">[198]</a><a href="#cite_note-199">[199]</a><a href="#cite_note-200">[200]</a> A Republican investigation led by <a href="/wiki/Fred_Thompson" title="Fred Thompson">Fred Thompson</a> found that Clinton was targeted by the Chinese government. However, Democratic senators <a href="/wiki/Joe_Lieberman" title="Joe Lieberman">Joe Lieberman</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Glenn" title="John Glenn">John Glenn</a> said that the evidence showed that China only targeted congressional elections and not presidential elections.<a href="#cite_note-201">[201]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Military_and_foreign_affairs">Military and foreign affairs</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_Bill_Clinton_administration" title="Foreign policy of the Bill Clinton administration">Foreign policy of the Bill Clinton administration</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Somalia">Somalia</h4></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Clinton_talks_with_Col._Paul_Fletcher,_USAF.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/President_Clinton_talks_with_Col._Paul_Fletcher%2C_USAF.jpeg/220px-President_Clinton_talks_with_Col._Paul_Fletcher%2C_USAF.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/President_Clinton_talks_with_Col._Paul_Fletcher%2C_USAF.jpeg/330px-President_Clinton_talks_with_Col._Paul_Fletcher%2C_USAF.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/President_Clinton_talks_with_Col._Paul_Fletcher%2C_USAF.jpeg/440px-President_Clinton_talks_with_Col._Paul_Fletcher%2C_USAF.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1815" data-file-height="1202" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Colonel_(United_States)" title="Colonel (United States)">Col.</a> <a href="/wiki/Paul_J._Fletcher" title="Paul J. Fletcher">Paul Fletcher</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">USAF</a> and Clinton speak before boarding <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_One" title="Air Force One">Air Force One</a>, November 4, 1999</figcaption></figure> American troops had first entered <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_George_H._W._Bush_administration" title="Foreign policy of the George H. W. Bush administration">Bush administration</a> in response to a humanitarian crisis and <a href="/wiki/Somali_Civil_War" title="Somali Civil War">civil war</a>. Though initially involved to assist humanitarian efforts, the Clinton administration shifted the objectives set out in the mission and began pursuing a policy of attempting to neutralize Somali warlords. In 1993, during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mogadishu_(1993)" title="Battle of Mogadishu (1993)">Battle of Mogadishu</a>, <a href="/wiki/MH-60_Black_Hawk" class="mw-redirect" title="MH-60 Black Hawk">two U.S. helicopters</a> were shot down by <a href="/wiki/Rocket-propelled_grenade" title="Rocket-propelled grenade">rocket-propelled grenade</a> attacks to their <a href="/wiki/Tail_rotor" title="Tail rotor">tail rotors</a>, trapping soldiers behind enemy lines. This resulted in an urban battle that killed 18 American soldiers, wounded 73 others, and resulted in one being taken prisoner.<a href="#cite_note-NPR-202">[202]</a> Television news programs depicted the supporters of warlord <a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Aidid" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohammed Aidid">Mohammed Aidid</a> desecrating the corpses of troops.<a href="#cite_note-NPR-202">[202]</a> The backlash resulting from the incident prompted in a drop in support for American intervention in the country and coincided with a more cautious use of troops throughout the rest of the Clinton administration.<a href="#cite_note-NPR-202">[202]</a> Following a subsequent national security policy review, U.S. forces were withdrawn from Somalia and later conflicts were approached with fewer soldiers on the ground.<a href="#cite_note-203">[203]</a><a href="#cite_note-204">[204]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Rwanda">Rwanda</h4></div> In April 1994, <a href="/wiki/Rwandan_genocide" title="Rwandan genocide">genocide</a> broke out in <a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a>. Intelligence reports indicate that Clinton was aware a "final solution to eliminate all <a href="/wiki/Tutsi" title="Tutsi">Tutsis</a>" was underway, long before the administration publicly used the word "genocide".<a href="#cite_note-205">[205]</a><a href="#cite_note-206">[206]</a><a href="#cite_note-207">[207]</a> Fearing a reprisal of the events in Somalia the previous year, Clinton chose not to intervene.<a href="#cite_note-208">[208]</a> Clinton has called his failure to intervene one of his main foreign policy failings, saying "I don't think we could have ended the violence, but I think we could have cut it down. And I regret it."<a href="#cite_note-209">[209]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bosnia_and_Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</h4></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:U.S._delegation_pose_for_a_group_photo_with_Air_Force_personnel_during_the_flight_to_Tuzla,_Bosnia_-_Flickr_-_The_Central_Intelligence_Agency.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/U.S._delegation_pose_for_a_group_photo_with_Air_Force_personnel_during_the_flight_to_Tuzla%2C_Bosnia_-_Flickr_-_The_Central_Intelligence_Agency.jpg/220px-U.S._delegation_pose_for_a_group_photo_with_Air_Force_personnel_during_the_flight_to_Tuzla%2C_Bosnia_-_Flickr_-_The_Central_Intelligence_Agency.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/U.S._delegation_pose_for_a_group_photo_with_Air_Force_personnel_during_the_flight_to_Tuzla%2C_Bosnia_-_Flickr_-_The_Central_Intelligence_Agency.jpg/330px-U.S._delegation_pose_for_a_group_photo_with_Air_Force_personnel_during_the_flight_to_Tuzla%2C_Bosnia_-_Flickr_-_The_Central_Intelligence_Agency.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/U.S._delegation_pose_for_a_group_photo_with_Air_Force_personnel_during_the_flight_to_Tuzla%2C_Bosnia_-_Flickr_-_The_Central_Intelligence_Agency.jpg/440px-U.S._delegation_pose_for_a_group_photo_with_Air_Force_personnel_during_the_flight_to_Tuzla%2C_Bosnia_-_Flickr_-_The_Central_Intelligence_Agency.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5618" data-file-height="3653" /></a><figcaption>Clinton with the U.S. delegation to Bosnia and Air Force personnel in a flight to <a href="/wiki/Tuzla" title="Tuzla">Tuzla</a> on December 22, 1997. Clinton is seen alongside future President <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a>.</figcaption></figure> In 1993 and 1994, Clinton pressured Western European leaders to adopt a strong military policy against <a href="/wiki/Bosnian_Serbs" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosnian Serbs">Bosnian Serbs</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Bosnian_War" title="Bosnian War">Bosnian War</a>. This strategy faced staunch opposition from the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a>, <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> allies, and Congressional Republicans, leading Clinton to adopt a more diplomatic approach.<a href="#cite_note-210">[210]</a> In 1995, U.S. and NATO aircraft <a href="/wiki/Operation_Deliberate_Force" title="Operation Deliberate Force">bombed Bosnian Serb targets</a> to halt attacks on UN safe zones and pressure them into a peace accord that would end the <a href="/wiki/Bosnian_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosnian war">Bosnian war</a>. Clinton deployed U.S. peacekeepers to Bosnia in late 1995, to uphold the subsequent <a href="/wiki/Dayton_Agreement" title="Dayton Agreement">Dayton Agreement</a>.<a href="#cite_note-211">[211]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Irish_peace_talks">Irish peace talks</h4></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Bill_Clinton_and_Gerry_Adams.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/President_Bill_Clinton_and_Gerry_Adams.jpg/220px-President_Bill_Clinton_and_Gerry_Adams.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/President_Bill_Clinton_and_Gerry_Adams.jpg/330px-President_Bill_Clinton_and_Gerry_Adams.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/President_Bill_Clinton_and_Gerry_Adams.jpg/440px-President_Bill_Clinton_and_Gerry_Adams.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5582" data-file-height="3739" /></a><figcaption>Clinton shaking hands with <a href="/wiki/Gerry_Adams" title="Gerry Adams">Gerry Adams</a> outside a business in East Belfast, November 30, 1995</figcaption></figure> In 1992, before his presidency, Clinton proposed sending a peace envoy to <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a>, but this was dropped to avoid tensions with the British government. In November 1995, in a ceasefire during <a href="/wiki/The_Troubles" title="The Troubles">the Troubles</a>, Clinton became the first president to visit Northern Ireland, examining both of the two divided communities of <a href="/wiki/Belfast" title="Belfast">Belfast</a>.<a href="#cite_note-212">[212]</a> Despite <a href="/wiki/Unionism_in_Ireland" title="Unionism in Ireland">unionist</a> criticism, Clinton used his visit as a way to negotiate an end to the violent conflict, playing a key role in the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_peace_process" title="Northern Ireland peace process">peace talks</a> that produced the <a href="/wiki/Good_Friday_Agreement" title="Good Friday Agreement">Good Friday Agreement</a> in 1998.<a href="#cite_note-213">[213]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bill_Clinton_and_Boris_Yeltsin_1994.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Bill_Clinton_and_Boris_Yeltsin_1994.jpg/220px-Bill_Clinton_and_Boris_Yeltsin_1994.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Bill_Clinton_and_Boris_Yeltsin_1994.jpg/330px-Bill_Clinton_and_Boris_Yeltsin_1994.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Bill_Clinton_and_Boris_Yeltsin_1994.jpg/440px-Bill_Clinton_and_Boris_Yeltsin_1994.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1878" data-file-height="1250" /></a><figcaption>Clinton plays the saxophone presented to him by Russian president <a href="/wiki/Boris_Yeltsin" title="Boris Yeltsin">Boris Yeltsin</a> at a private dinner in Russia, January 13, 1994.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Iran">Iran</h4></div> Clinton sought to continue the Bush administration's policy of limiting Iranian influence in the Middle East, which he laid out in the <a href="/wiki/Dual_containment" title="Dual containment">dual containment</a> strategy. In 1994, Clinton declared that Iran was a "<a href="/wiki/State_Sponsors_of_Terrorism" class="mw-redirect" title="State Sponsors of Terrorism">state sponsor of terrorism</a>" and a "rogue state", marking the first time that an American President used that term.<a href="#cite_note-214">[214]</a> Subsequent executive orders heavily sanctioned Iran's oil industry and banned almost all trade between U.S. companies and the Iranian government. In February 1996, the Clinton administration agreed to pay Iran US$131.8 million (equivalent to $256.05 million in 2023) in settlement to discontinue a case brought by Iran in 1989 against the U.S. in the <a href="/wiki/International_Court_of_Justice" title="International Court of Justice">International Court of Justice</a> after the shooting down of <a href="/wiki/Iran_Air_Flight_655" title="Iran Air Flight 655">Iran Air Flight 655</a> by the U.S. Navy <a href="/wiki/Guided_missile_cruiser" class="mw-redirect" title="Guided missile cruiser">guided missile cruiser</a>.<a href="#cite_note-215">[215]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Iraq">Iraq</h4></div> In Clinton's <a href="/wiki/1998_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1998 State of the Union Address">1998 State of the Union Address</a>, he warned Congress that Iraqi dictator <a href="/wiki/Saddam_Hussein" title="Saddam Hussein">Saddam Hussein</a> was building an arsenal of chemical, biological and nuclear weapons.<a href="#cite_note-216">[216]</a> Clinton signed the <a href="/wiki/Iraq_Liberation_Act_of_1998" class="mw-redirect" title="Iraq Liberation Act of 1998">Iraq Liberation Act of 1998</a> on October 31, 1998, which instituted a policy of "regime change" against Iraq, though it explicitly stated it did not provide for direct intervention on the part of American military forces.<a href="#cite_note-217">[217]</a><a href="#cite_note-218">[218]</a> The administration then launched a four-day bombing campaign named <a href="/wiki/Operation_Desert_Fox" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Desert Fox">Operation Desert Fox</a>, lasting from December 16 to 19, 1998. At the end of this operation Clinton announced that "So long as Saddam remains in power, he will remain a threat to his people, his region, and the world. With our allies, we must pursue a strategy to contain him and to constrain his weapons of mass destruction program, while working toward the day Iraq has a government willing to live at peace with its people and with its neighbors."<a href="#cite_note-219">[219]</a> American and British aircraft in the Iraq no-fly zones attacked hostile Iraqi air defenses 166 times in 1999 and 78 times in 2000.<a href="#cite_note-220">[220]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Osama_bin_Laden">Osama bin Laden</h4></div> Capturing Osama bin Laden was an objective of the U.S. government during the Clinton presidency (and continued to be until <a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Osama_bin_Laden" title="Killing of Osama bin Laden">bin Laden's death in 2011</a>).<a href="#cite_note-221">[221]</a> Despite claims by <a href="/wiki/Mansoor_Ijaz" title="Mansoor Ijaz">Mansoor Ijaz</a> and Sudanese officials that the Sudanese government had offered to arrest and extradite bin Laden, and that U.S. authorities rejected each offer,<a href="#cite_note-Los_Angeles_Times-222">[222]</a> the <a href="/wiki/9/11_Commission_Report" title="9/11 Commission Report">9/11 Commission Report</a> stated that "we have not found any reliable evidence to support the Sudanese claim".<a href="#cite_note-223">[223]</a> In response to a 1996 State Department warning about bin Laden<a href="#cite_note-224">[224]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/1998_United_States_embassy_bombings" title="1998 United States embassy bombings">1998 bombings of U.S. embassies in East Africa</a> by al-Qaeda (which killed 224 people, including 12 Americans), Clinton ordered several military missions to capture or kill bin Laden, all of which were unsuccessful. In August 1998, Clinton <a href="/wiki/Operation_Infinite_Reach" title="Operation Infinite Reach">ordered cruise missile strikes on terrorist targets in Afghanistan and Sudan</a>, targeting the <a href="/wiki/Al-Shifa_pharmaceutical_factory" title="Al-Shifa pharmaceutical factory">Al-Shifa pharmaceutical factory</a> in Sudan, which was suspected of assisting bin Laden in making chemical weapons, and bin Laden's terrorist training camps in Afghanistan. The factory was destroyed by the attack, resulting in the death of one employee and the wounding of 11 other people.<a href="#cite_note-225">[225]</a> After the destruction of the factory, there was a medicine shortage in Sudan due to the plant providing 50 percent of Sudan's medicine, and the destruction of the plant led to a shortage of chloroquine, a drug which is used to treat malaria.<a href="#cite_note-226">[226]</a> U.S. officials later acknowledged that there was no evidence the plant was acknowledging manufacturing or storing nerve gas.<a href="#cite_note-227">[227]</a> The attack provoked criticism of Clinton from journalists and academics including <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Hitchens" title="Christopher Hitchens">Christopher Hitchens</a>,<a href="#cite_note-228">[228]</a> <a href="/wiki/Seymour_Hersh" title="Seymour Hersh">Seymour Hersh</a>,<a href="#cite_note-229">[229]</a> <a href="/wiki/Max_Taylor_(psychologist)" title="Max Taylor (psychologist)">Max Taylor</a>,<a href="#cite_note-230">[230]</a> and others.<a href="#cite_note-231">[231]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Kosovo">Kosovo</h4></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Clinton_is_briefed_on_Kosovo_-_Flickr_-_The_Central_Intelligence_Agency.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/President_Clinton_is_briefed_on_Kosovo_-_Flickr_-_The_Central_Intelligence_Agency.jpg/220px-President_Clinton_is_briefed_on_Kosovo_-_Flickr_-_The_Central_Intelligence_Agency.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/President_Clinton_is_briefed_on_Kosovo_-_Flickr_-_The_Central_Intelligence_Agency.jpg/330px-President_Clinton_is_briefed_on_Kosovo_-_Flickr_-_The_Central_Intelligence_Agency.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/President_Clinton_is_briefed_on_Kosovo_-_Flickr_-_The_Central_Intelligence_Agency.jpg/440px-President_Clinton_is_briefed_on_Kosovo_-_Flickr_-_The_Central_Intelligence_Agency.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4800" data-file-height="3169" /></a><figcaption>Clinton during a briefing on Kosovo, March 31, 1999</figcaption></figure> In the midst of a brutal crackdown on <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Liberation_Army" title="Kosovo Liberation Army">ethnic Albanian separatists</a> in the province of <a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo">Kosovo</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Federal Republic of Yugoslavia</a>, Clinton authorized the use of U.S. Armed Forces in a NATO bombing campaign against Yugoslavia in 1999, named <a href="/wiki/Operation_Allied_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Allied Force">Operation Allied Force</a>.<a href="#cite_note-232">[232]</a> The stated reasoning behind the intervention was to stop the <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_cleansing" title="Ethnic cleansing">ethnic cleansing</a> (and what the Clinton administration labeled <a href="/wiki/Genocide" title="Genocide">genocide</a>)<a href="#cite_note-233">[233]</a><a href="#cite_note-234">[234]</a> of Albanians by Yugoslav anti-guerilla military units. General <a href="/wiki/Wesley_Clark" title="Wesley Clark">Wesley Clark</a> was <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Allied_Commander_Europe" title="Supreme Allied Commander Europe">Supreme Allied Commander of NATO</a> and oversaw the mission. With <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1244" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244">United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244</a>, the bombing campaign ended on June 10, 1999. The resolution placed Kosovo under UN administration and authorized a <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Force" title="Kosovo Force">peacekeeping force</a> to be deployed to the region.<a href="#cite_note-235">[235]</a> NATO announced its soldiers all survived combat,<a href="#cite_note-roblect-236">[236]</a> though two died in an <a href="/wiki/Boeing_AH-64_Apache" title="Boeing AH-64 Apache">Apache helicopter</a> crash.<a href="#cite_note-237">[237]</a> Journalists in the popular press criticized genocide statements by the Clinton administration as false and greatly exaggerated.<a href="#cite_note-238">[238]</a><a href="#cite_note-239">[239]</a> Prior to the bombing campaign on March 24, 1999, estimates showed that the number of civilians killed in the over year long <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosovo war">conflict in Kosovo</a> had been approximately 1,800, with critics asserting that little or no evidence existed of genocide.<a href="#cite_note-240">[240]</a><a href="#cite_note-241">[241]</a> In a post-war inquiry, the <a href="/wiki/Organization_for_Security_and_Co-operation_in_Europe" title="Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe">Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe</a> noted "the patterns of the expulsions and the vast increase in lootings, killings, rape, kidnappings and pillage once the NATO air war began on March 24."<a href="#cite_note-242">[242]</a> In 2001, the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Interim_Administration_Mission_in_Kosovo" title="United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo">UN-supervised</a> <a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Kosovo" title="Judiciary of Kosovo">Supreme Court of Kosovo</a> ruled that genocide (the <a href="/wiki/Genocidal_intent" title="Genocidal intent">intent to destroy</a> a people) did not take place, but recognized "a systematic campaign of terror, including murders, rapes, arsons and severe maltreatments" with the intention being the forceful departure of the Albanian population.<a href="#cite_note-243">[243]</a> The term "ethnic cleansing" was used as an alternative to "genocide" to denote not just ethnically motivated murder but also displacement, though critics charge there is little difference.<a href="#cite_note-244">[244]</a> <a href="/wiki/Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87" title="Slobodan Milošević">Slobodan Milošević</a>, the president of Yugoslavia at the time of the atrocities, was <a href="/wiki/Trial_of_Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87" title="Trial of Slobodan Milošević">eventually brought to trial</a> before the <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia" title="International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia">International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia</a> in <a href="/wiki/The_Hague" title="The Hague">the Hague</a> on charges including <a href="/wiki/Crimes_against_humanity" title="Crimes against humanity">crimes against humanity</a> and war crimes for his role in the war.<a href="#cite_note-Milosevic_Charges-245">[245]</a> He died in 2006, before the completion of the trial.<a href="#cite_note-Milosevic_Charges-245">[245]</a><a href="#cite_note-246">[246]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="China">China</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_campaign_finance_controversy" title="1996 United States campaign finance controversy">1996 United States campaign finance controversy</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Clinton_and_jiang.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Clinton_and_jiang.jpg/220px-Clinton_and_jiang.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/Clinton_and_jiang.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="180" /></a><figcaption>Clinton and Chinese president <a href="/wiki/Jiang_Zemin" title="Jiang Zemin">Jiang Zemin</a> holding a joint press conference at the White House, October 29, 1997</figcaption></figure> Clinton aimed to increase trade with China, minimizing import tariffs and offering the country <a href="/wiki/Most_favoured_nation" title="Most favoured nation">most favoured nation</a> status in 1993, his administration minimized tariff levels in Chinese imports. Clinton initially conditioned extension of this status on <a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_China" title="Human rights in China">human rights</a> reforms, but ultimately decided to extend the status despite a lack of reform in the specified areas, including free emigration, treatment of prisoners in terms of international human rights, and observation of human rights specified by UN resolutions, among others.<a href="#cite_note-247">[247]</a> Relations were damaged briefly by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_bombing_of_the_Chinese_embassy_in_Belgrade" title="United States bombing of the Chinese embassy in Belgrade">American bombing of the Chinese embassy in Belgrade</a> in May 1999. Clinton apologized for the bombing, stating it was accidental.<a href="#cite_note-248">[248]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><video id="mwe_player_5" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Video_Recording_of_Photo_Opportunity_at_Camp_David_-_NARA_-_6037428.ogv/220px--Video_Recording_of_Photo_Opportunity_at_Camp_David_-_NARA_-_6037428.ogv.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="165" data-durationhint="111" data-mwtitle="Video_Recording_of_Photo_Opportunity_at_Camp_David_-_NARA_-_6037428.ogv" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Video_Recording_of_Photo_Opportunity_at_Camp_David_-_NARA_-_6037428.ogv"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c6/Video_Recording_of_Photo_Opportunity_at_Camp_David_-_NARA_-_6037428.ogv/Video_Recording_of_Photo_Opportunity_at_Camp_David_-_NARA_-_6037428.ogv.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Video_Recording_of_Photo_Opportunity_at_Camp_David_-_NARA_-_6037428.ogv" type="video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"" data-width="640" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c6/Video_Recording_of_Photo_Opportunity_at_Camp_David_-_NARA_-_6037428.ogv/Video_Recording_of_Photo_Opportunity_at_Camp_David_-_NARA_-_6037428.ogv.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="192" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c6/Video_Recording_of_Photo_Opportunity_at_Camp_David_-_NARA_-_6037428.ogv/Video_Recording_of_Photo_Opportunity_at_Camp_David_-_NARA_-_6037428.ogv.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="320" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c6/Video_Recording_of_Photo_Opportunity_at_Camp_David_-_NARA_-_6037428.ogv/Video_Recording_of_Photo_Opportunity_at_Camp_David_-_NARA_-_6037428.ogv.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="480" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c6/Video_Recording_of_Photo_Opportunity_at_Camp_David_-_NARA_-_6037428.ogv/Video_Recording_of_Photo_Opportunity_at_Camp_David_-_NARA_-_6037428.ogv.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="480" data-height="360" /></video><figcaption>Israeli prime minister <a href="/wiki/Ehud_Barak" title="Ehud Barak">Ehud Barak</a>, President Clinton and Palestinian leader <a href="/wiki/Yasser_Arafat" title="Yasser Arafat">Yasser Arafat</a> at <a href="/wiki/Camp_David" title="Camp David">Camp David</a>, July 2000</figcaption></figure> On October 10, 2000, Clinton signed into law the <a href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93China_Relations_Act_of_2000" title="United States–China Relations Act of 2000">United States–China Relations Act of 2000</a>, which granted <a href="/wiki/Permanent_normal_trade_relations" title="Permanent normal trade relations">permanent normal trade relations</a> (PNTR) trade status to China.<a href="#cite_note-249">[249]</a> The president asserted that free trade would gradually open China to democratic reform.<a href="#cite_note-250">[250]</a><a href="#cite_note-251">[251]</a> In encouraging Congress to approve the agreement and China's accession to the <a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" title="World Trade Organization">World Trade Organization</a> (WTO), Clinton stated that more trade with China would advance America's economic interests, saying that "economically, this agreement is the equivalent of a one-way street. It requires China to open its markets—with a fifth of the world's population, potentially the biggest markets in the world—to both our products and services in unprecedented new ways."<a href="#cite_note-252">[252]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Israeli-Palestinian_conflict">Israeli-Palestinian conflict</h4></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Summit_of_the_Peacemakers_in_Sharm_el-Sheikh,_March_13,_1996_II_Dan_Hadani_Archive.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Summit of the Peacemakers in Sharm el-Sheikh, March 1996" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Summit_of_the_Peacemakers_in_Sharm_el-Sheikh%2C_March_13%2C_1996_II_Dan_Hadani_Archive.jpg/220px-Summit_of_the_Peacemakers_in_Sharm_el-Sheikh%2C_March_13%2C_1996_II_Dan_Hadani_Archive.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Summit_of_the_Peacemakers_in_Sharm_el-Sheikh%2C_March_13%2C_1996_II_Dan_Hadani_Archive.jpg/330px-Summit_of_the_Peacemakers_in_Sharm_el-Sheikh%2C_March_13%2C_1996_II_Dan_Hadani_Archive.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Summit_of_the_Peacemakers_in_Sharm_el-Sheikh%2C_March_13%2C_1996_II_Dan_Hadani_Archive.jpg/440px-Summit_of_the_Peacemakers_in_Sharm_el-Sheikh%2C_March_13%2C_1996_II_Dan_Hadani_Archive.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1840" data-file-height="1223" /></a><figcaption>World Leaders attending the Sharm El Sheikh Summit for Peacemakers. From left: <a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Helmut Kohl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hussein_of_Jordan" title="Hussein of Jordan">King Husein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shimon_Peres" title="Shimon Peres">Shimon Peres</a>, Clinton, <a href="/wiki/Hosni_Mubarak" title="Hosni Mubarak">Hosni Mubarak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boris_Yeltsin" title="Boris Yeltsin">Boris Yeltsin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yasser_Arafat" title="Yasser Arafat">Yasser Arafat</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sharm_El_Sheikh" title="Sharm El Sheikh">Sharm El Sheikh</a>, March 1996</figcaption></figure> Clinton attempted to end the <a href="/wiki/Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_conflict" title="Israeli–Palestinian conflict">Israeli–Palestinian conflict</a>. Secret negotiations mediated by Clinton between Israeli Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Rabin" title="Yitzhak Rabin">Yitzhak Rabin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Palestine_Liberation_Organization" title="Palestine Liberation Organization">Palestine Liberation Organization</a> (PLO) Chairman <a href="/wiki/Yasser_Arafat" title="Yasser Arafat">Yasser Arafat</a> led to a historic declaration of peace in September 1993, called the <a href="/wiki/Oslo_Accords" title="Oslo Accords">Oslo Accords</a>, which were signed at the White House on September 13. The agreement led to the <a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Jordan_peace_treaty" title="Israel–Jordan peace treaty">Israel–Jordan peace treaty</a> in 1994 and the <a href="/wiki/Wye_River_Memorandum" title="Wye River Memorandum">Wye River Memorandum</a> in October 1998, however, this did not end the conflict. He brought Israeli prime minister <a href="/wiki/Ehud_Barak" title="Ehud Barak">Ehud Barak</a> and Palestinian Authority chairman <a href="/wiki/Yasser_Arafat" title="Yasser Arafat">Yasser Arafat</a> together at <a href="/wiki/Camp_David" title="Camp David">Camp David</a> for the <a href="/wiki/2000_Camp_David_Summit" title="2000 Camp David Summit">2000 Camp David Summit</a>, which lasted 14 days in July.<a href="#cite_note-The_Survivor-56">[56]</a> Following another attempt in December 2000 at <a href="/wiki/Bolling_Air_Force_Base" title="Bolling Air Force Base">Bolling Air Force Base</a>, in which the president offered the <a href="/wiki/The_Clinton_Parameters" title="The Clinton Parameters">Clinton Parameters</a>, the situation broke down completely after the end of the <a href="/wiki/Taba_Summit" title="Taba Summit">Taba Summit</a> and with the start of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Intifada" title="Second Intifada">Second Intifada</a>.<a href="#cite_note-The_Survivor-56">[56]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Judicial_appointments">Judicial appointments</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_Supreme_Court_candidates" title="Bill Clinton Supreme Court candidates">Bill Clinton Supreme Court candidates</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Bill_Clinton" title="List of federal judges appointed by Bill Clinton">List of federal judges appointed by Bill Clinton</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Announcement_of_Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg_as_Nominee_for_Associate_Supreme_Court_Justice_at_the_White_House_-_NARA_-_131493870.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Announcement_of_Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg_as_Nominee_for_Associate_Supreme_Court_Justice_at_the_White_House_-_NARA_-_131493870.jpg/220px-Announcement_of_Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg_as_Nominee_for_Associate_Supreme_Court_Justice_at_the_White_House_-_NARA_-_131493870.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Announcement_of_Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg_as_Nominee_for_Associate_Supreme_Court_Justice_at_the_White_House_-_NARA_-_131493870.jpg/330px-Announcement_of_Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg_as_Nominee_for_Associate_Supreme_Court_Justice_at_the_White_House_-_NARA_-_131493870.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Announcement_of_Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg_as_Nominee_for_Associate_Supreme_Court_Justice_at_the_White_House_-_NARA_-_131493870.jpg/440px-Announcement_of_Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg_as_Nominee_for_Associate_Supreme_Court_Justice_at_the_White_House_-_NARA_-_131493870.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4800" data-file-height="3138" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg" title="Ruth Bader Ginsburg">Ruth Bader Ginsburg</a> accepting her nomination to the Supreme Court from President Clinton, 1993</figcaption></figure> Clinton appointed two justices to the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg" title="Ruth Bader Ginsburg">Ruth Bader Ginsburg</a> in 1993<a href="#cite_note-253">[253]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Stephen Breyer</a> in 1994.<a href="#cite_note-254">[254]</a> Both justices went on to serve until the 2020s, leaving a lasting judicial legacy for President Clinton.<a href="#cite_note-255">[255]</a> Clinton was the first president in history to appoint more women and minority judges than white male judges to the federal courts.<a href="#cite_note-Scherer,_p._85-256">[256]</a> In his eight years in office, 11.6% of Clinton's court of appeals nominees and 17.4% of his district court nominees were black; 32.8% of his court of appeals nominees and 28.5% of his district court nominees were women.<a href="#cite_note-Scherer,_p._85-256">[256]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Public_opinion">Public opinion</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Clinton_approval_rating.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Clinton_approval_rating.png/330px-Clinton_approval_rating.png" decoding="async" width="330" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Clinton_approval_rating.png/495px-Clinton_approval_rating.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Clinton_approval_rating.png/660px-Clinton_approval_rating.png 2x" data-file-width="834" data-file-height="527" /></a><figcaption>Clinton's <a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_approval_rating" title="United States presidential approval rating">approval ratings</a> throughout his presidential career (Roper Center)</figcaption></figure> Throughout Clinton's first term, his job approval rating fluctuated in the 40s and 50s. In his second term, his rating consistently ranged from the high-50s to the high-60s.<a href="#cite_note-257">[257]</a> After his impeachment proceedings in 1998 and 1999, Clinton's rating reached its highest point.<a href="#cite_note-258">[258]</a> According to a <a href="/wiki/CBS_News" title="CBS News">CBS News</a>/New York Times poll, Clinton left office with an approval rating of 68 percent, which matched those of Ronald Reagan and Franklin D. Roosevelt as the highest ratings for departing presidents in the modern era.<a href="#cite_note-259">[259]</a> Clinton's average <a href="/wiki/Gallup_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallup Organization">Gallup poll</a> approval rating for his last quarter in office was 61 percent, the highest final quarter rating any president has received for fifty years.<a href="#cite_note-Jan2001Gallup-260">[260]</a> Forty-seven percent of the respondents identified themselves as being Clinton supporters.<a href="#cite_note-Jan2001Gallup-260">[260]</a> As he was leaving office, a CNN/<a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a>/Gallup poll revealed that 45 percent of Americans said they would miss him; 55 percent thought he "would have something worthwhile to contribute and should remain active in public life"; 68 percent thought he would be remembered more for his "involvement in personal scandal" than for "his accomplishments"; and 58 percent answered "No" to the question "Do you generally think Bill Clinton is honest and trustworthy?"<a href="#cite_note-Jan2001Gallup-260">[260]</a> The same percentage said he would be remembered as either "outstanding" or "above average" as a president, while 22 percent said he would be remembered as "below average" or "poor".<a href="#cite_note-Jan2001Gallup-260">[260]</a> <a href="/wiki/ABC_News_(United_States)" title="ABC News (United States)">ABC News</a> characterized public consensus on Clinton as, "You can't trust him, he's got weak morals and ethics—and he's done a heck of a good job."<a href="#cite_note-langer-261">[261]</a> In May 2006, a CNN poll comparing Clinton's job performance with that of his successor, George W. Bush, found that a strong majority of respondents said Clinton outperformed Bush in six different areas questioned.<a href="#cite_note-262">[262]</a> Gallup polls in 2007 and 2011 showed that Clinton was regarded by 13 percent of Americans as the greatest president in U.S. history.<a href="#cite_note-263">[263]</a><a href="#cite_note-264">[264]</a> In 2014, 18 percent of respondents in a <a href="/wiki/Quinnipiac_University_Polling_Institute" title="Quinnipiac University Polling Institute">Quinnipiac University Polling Institute</a> poll of American voters regarded Clinton as the best president since World War II, making him the third most popular among postwar presidents, behind John F. Kennedy and Ronald Reagan.<a href="#cite_note-Q_Poll-265">[265]</a> The same poll showed that just 3 percent of American voters regarded Clinton as the worst president since World War II.<a href="#cite_note-Q_Poll-265">[265]</a> A 2015 poll by <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a> asked 162 scholars of the <a href="/wiki/American_Political_Science_Association" title="American Political Science Association">American Political Science Association</a> to rank all the U.S. presidents in order of greatness. According to their findings, Clinton ranked eighth overall, with a rating of 70 percent.<a href="#cite_note-266">[266]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Public_image">Public image</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Public_image_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Public image of Bill Clinton">Public image of Bill Clinton</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bill_Clinton_1995_im_Parlament_in_London.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Bill_Clinton_1995_im_Parlament_in_London.jpg/170px-Bill_Clinton_1995_im_Parlament_in_London.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="245" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Bill_Clinton_1995_im_Parlament_in_London.jpg/255px-Bill_Clinton_1995_im_Parlament_in_London.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Bill_Clinton_1995_im_Parlament_in_London.jpg/340px-Bill_Clinton_1995_im_Parlament_in_London.jpg 2x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="605" /></a><figcaption>Clinton addressing the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">British Parliament</a> on November 29, 1995</figcaption></figure> Clinton was the first <a href="/wiki/Baby_boomers" title="Baby boomers">baby boomer</a> president.<a href="#cite_note-267">[267]</a> Authors Martin Walker and <a href="/wiki/Bob_Woodward" title="Bob Woodward">Bob Woodward</a> stated that Clinton's innovative use of <a href="/wiki/Sound_bite" title="Sound bite">sound bite</a>-ready dialogue, personal charisma, and public perception-oriented campaigning were a major factor in his high public approval ratings.<a href="#cite_note-268">[268]</a><a href="#cite_note-269">[269]</a> When Clinton played the saxophone on <a href="/wiki/The_Arsenio_Hall_Show" title="The Arsenio Hall Show">The Arsenio Hall Show</a>, he was described by some religious conservatives as "the MTV president".<a href="#cite_note-270">[270]</a><a href="#cite_note-271">[271]</a> Opponents sometimes referred to him as "Slick Willie", a nickname which was first applied to him in 1980 by Pine Bluff Commercial journalist <a href="/wiki/Paul_Greenberg_(journalist)" title="Paul Greenberg (journalist)">Paul Greenberg</a>;<a href="#cite_note-mafadgreenberg-272">[272]</a> Greenberg believed that Clinton was abandoning the progressive policies of previous Arkansas Governors such as <a href="/wiki/Winthrop_Rockefeller" title="Winthrop Rockefeller">Winthrop Rockefeller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dale_Bumpers" title="Dale Bumpers">Dale Bumpers</a> and <a href="/wiki/David_Pryor" title="David Pryor">David Pryor</a>.<a href="#cite_note-mafadgreenberg-272">[272]</a> The claim "Slick Willie" would last throughout his presidency.<a href="#cite_note-WaPoNickname-273">[273]</a> His folksy manner led him to be <a href="/wiki/List_of_nicknames_of_United_States_Presidents" class="mw-redirect" title="List of nicknames of United States Presidents">nicknamed</a> <a href="/wiki/Bubba" title="Bubba">Bubba</a> starting from the 1992 presidential election.<a href="#cite_note-:02-274">[274]</a> Since 2000, he has frequently been referred to as "The Big Dog" or "Big Dog".<a href="#cite_note-275">[275]</a><a href="#cite_note-276">[276]</a> His prominent role in campaigning for Obama during the <a href="/wiki/2012_United_States_presidential_election" title="2012 United States presidential election">2012 presidential election</a> and his widely publicized speech at the <a href="/wiki/2012_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2012 Democratic National Convention">2012 Democratic National Convention</a>, where he officially nominated Obama and criticized Republican nominee <a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney" title="Mitt Romney">Mitt Romney</a> and Republican policies in detail, earned him the nickname "Explainer-in-Chief".<a href="#cite_note-277">[277]</a><a href="#cite_note-278">[278]</a> Clinton drew strong support from the African American community and insisted that the improvement of race relations would be a major theme of his presidency.<a href="#cite_note-279">[279]</a> In 1998, <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize">Nobel</a> laureate <a href="/wiki/Toni_Morrison" title="Toni Morrison">Toni Morrison</a> called Clinton "the first black president", saying, "Clinton displays almost every trope of blackness: single-parent household, born poor, working-class, saxophone-playing, <a href="/wiki/McDonald%27s" title="McDonald's">McDonald's</a>-and-junk-food-loving boy from Arkansas".<a href="#cite_note-MorrisonNewYorker-280">[280]</a> Morrison noted that Clinton's sex life was scrutinized more than his career accomplishments, and she compared this to the stereotyping and <a href="/wiki/Double_standard" title="Double standard">double standards</a> that, she said, black people typically endure.<a href="#cite_note-MorrisonNewYorker-280">[280]</a> Many viewed this comparison as unfair and disparaging both to Clinton and to the African-American community.<a href="#cite_note-281">[281]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sexual_assault_and_misconduct_allegations">Sexual assault and misconduct allegations</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_sexual_assault_and_misconduct_allegations" title="Bill Clinton sexual assault and misconduct allegations">Bill Clinton sexual assault and misconduct allegations</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bill_Clinton_and_Monica_Lewinsky_on_February_28,_1997_A3e06420664168d9466c84c3e31ccc2f.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Bill_Clinton_and_Monica_Lewinsky_on_February_28%2C_1997_A3e06420664168d9466c84c3e31ccc2f.jpg/220px-Bill_Clinton_and_Monica_Lewinsky_on_February_28%2C_1997_A3e06420664168d9466c84c3e31ccc2f.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Bill_Clinton_and_Monica_Lewinsky_on_February_28%2C_1997_A3e06420664168d9466c84c3e31ccc2f.jpg/330px-Bill_Clinton_and_Monica_Lewinsky_on_February_28%2C_1997_A3e06420664168d9466c84c3e31ccc2f.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Bill_Clinton_and_Monica_Lewinsky_on_February_28%2C_1997_A3e06420664168d9466c84c3e31ccc2f.jpg/440px-Bill_Clinton_and_Monica_Lewinsky_on_February_28%2C_1997_A3e06420664168d9466c84c3e31ccc2f.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2492" data-file-height="1652" /></a><figcaption>Clinton and <a href="/wiki/Monica_Lewinsky" title="Monica Lewinsky">Monica Lewinsky</a> on February 28, 1997</figcaption></figure> Several women have publicly accused Clinton of sexual misconduct, including rape, harassment, and sexual assault. Additionally, some commentators have characterized Clinton's sexual relationship with former White House intern Monica Lewinsky as predatory or non-consensual, despite the fact that Lewinsky called the relationship consensual at the time. These allegations have been revisited and lent more credence in 2018, in light of the <a href="/wiki/Me_Too_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Me Too movement">#MeToo movement</a>, with many commentators and Democratic leaders now saying Clinton should have been compelled to resign after the Lewinsky affair.<a href="#cite_note-hallmark1-282">[282]</a><a href="#cite_note-mccoy1-283">[283]</a><a href="#cite_note-284">[284]</a> In 1994, <a href="/wiki/Paula_Jones" title="Paula Jones">Paula Jones</a> initiated a <a href="/wiki/Clinton_v._Jones" title="Clinton v. Jones">sexual harassment lawsuit</a> against Clinton, claiming he had made unwanted advances towards her in 1991; Clinton denied the allegations. In April 1998, the case was initially dismissed by Judge <a href="/wiki/Susan_Webber_Wright" title="Susan Webber Wright">Susan Webber Wright</a> on the grounds that it lacked legal merit.<a href="#cite_note-JO#$-285">[285]</a> Jones appealed Webber Wright's ruling, and her suit gained traction following Clinton's admission to having an affair with Monica Lewinsky in August 1998.<a href="#cite_note-286">[286]</a> In 1998, lawyers for Paula Jones released court documents that alleged a pattern of sexual harassment by Clinton when he was Governor of Arkansas. <a href="/wiki/Robert_S._Bennett" title="Robert S. Bennett">Robert S. Bennett</a>, Clinton's main lawyer for the case, called the filing "a pack of lies" and "an organized campaign to smear the President of the United States" funded by Clinton's political enemies.<a href="#cite_note-287">[287]</a> In October 1998, Clinton's attorneys tentatively offered $700,000 to settle the case, which was then the $800,000 which Jones' lawyers sought.<a href="#cite_note-288">[288]</a> Clinton later agreed to an out-of-court settlement and paid Jones $850,000.<a href="#cite_note-CO-289">[289]</a> Bennett said the president made the settlement only so he could end the lawsuit for good and move on with his life.<a href="#cite_note-clqc-290">[290]</a> During the deposition for the Jones lawsuit, which was held at the White House,<a href="#cite_note-291">[291]</a> Clinton <a href="/wiki/Clinton%E2%80%93Lewinsky_scandal" title="Clinton–Lewinsky scandal">denied having sexual relations</a> with Monica Lewinsky—a denial that became the basis for an impeachment charge of perjury.<a href="#cite_note-292">[292]</a> In 1998, <a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Willey" title="Kathleen Willey">Kathleen Willey</a> alleged that Clinton had <a href="/wiki/Groping" title="Groping">groped</a> her in a hallway in 1993. An independent counsel determined Willey gave "false information" to the FBI, inconsistent with sworn testimony related to the Jones allegation.<a href="#cite_note-wilo9r-293">[293]</a> On March 19, 1998, Julie Hiatt Steele, a friend of Willey, released an <a href="/wiki/Affidavit" title="Affidavit">affidavit</a>, accusing the former White House aide of asking her to lie to corroborate Ms. Willey's account of being sexually groped by Clinton in the Oval Office.<a href="#cite_note-294">[294]</a> An attempt by Kenneth Starr to prosecute Steele for making false statements and obstructing justice ended in a mistrial and Starr declined to seek a retrial after Steele sought an investigation against the former independent counsel for prosecutorial misconduct.<a href="#cite_note-295">[295]</a> Also in 1998, <a href="/wiki/Juanita_Broaddrick" title="Juanita Broaddrick">Juanita Broaddrick</a> alleged that Clinton had raped her in the spring of 1978, although she said she did not remember the exact date.<a href="#cite_note-CapitalHillBlueWebArchive1-296">[296]</a> To support her charge, Broaddrick notes that she told multiple witnesses in 1978 she had been raped by Clinton, something these witnesses also state in interviews to the press.<a href="#cite_note-vox.com-297">[297]</a> Broaddrick had earlier filed an affidavit denying any "unwelcome sexual advances" and later repeated the denial in a sworn deposition.<a href="#cite_note-CapitalHillBlueWebArchive1-296">[296]</a> In a 1998 NBC interview wherein she detailed the alleged rape, Broaddrick said she had denied (under oath) being raped only to avoid testifying about the ordeal publicly.<a href="#cite_note-CapitalHillBlueWebArchive1-296">[296]</a> The Lewinsky scandal has had an enduring impact on Clinton's legacy, beyond his impeachment in 1998.<a href="#cite_note-nytimes.com-298">[298]</a> In the wake of the #MeToo movement (which shed light on the widespread prevalence of <a href="/wiki/Sexual_assault" title="Sexual assault">sexual assault</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sexual_harassment" title="Sexual harassment">harassment</a>, especially in the workplace), various commentators and Democratic political leaders, as well as Lewinsky herself, have revisited their view that the Lewinsky affair was consensual, and instead characterized it as an abuse of power or harassment, in light of the power differential between a president and a 22-year-old intern. In 2018, Clinton was asked in several interviews about whether he should have resigned, and he said he had made the right decision in not resigning.<a href="#cite_note-:0-299">[299]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/2018_U.S._election" class="mw-redirect" title="2018 U.S. election">2018 Congressional elections</a>, The New York Times alleged that having no Democratic candidate for office asking Clinton to campaign with them was a change that attributed to the revised understanding of the Lewinsky scandal.<a href="#cite_note-nytimes.com-298">[298]</a> However, former DNC interim chair <a href="/wiki/Donna_Brazile" title="Donna Brazile">Donna Brazile</a> previously urged Clinton in November 2017 to campaign during the 2018 midterm elections, in spite of New York U.S. senator <a href="/wiki/Kirsten_Gillibrand" title="Kirsten Gillibrand">Kirsten Gillibrand</a>'s recent criticism of the Lewinsky scandal.<a href="#cite_note-300">[300]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alleged_affairs">Alleged affairs</h3></div> Clinton admitted to having extramarital affairs with singer <a href="/wiki/Gennifer_Flowers" title="Gennifer Flowers">Gennifer Flowers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Monica_Lewinsky" title="Monica Lewinsky">Monica Lewinsky</a>.<a href="#cite_note-301">[301]</a> Actress <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Gracen" title="Elizabeth Gracen">Elizabeth Gracen</a>,<a href="#cite_note-302">[302]</a> Miss Arkansas winner <a href="/wiki/Sally_Perdue" title="Sally Perdue">Sally Perdue</a>,<a href="#cite_note-303">[303]</a> and Dolly Kyle Browning<a href="#cite_note-304">[304]</a> all claimed that they had affairs with Clinton during his time as governor of Arkansas. Browning later sued Clinton, <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Lindsey" title="Bruce Lindsey">Bruce Lindsey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_S._Bennett" title="Robert S. Bennett">Robert S. Bennett</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jane_Mayer" title="Jane Mayer">Jane Mayer</a>, alleging they engaged in a conspiracy to attempt to block her from publishing a book loosely based on her relationship with Clinton and tried to defame him. However, Browning's lawsuit was dismissed.<a href="#cite_note-305">[305]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post-presidency_(2001–present)">Post-presidency (2001–present)</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Post-presidency_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Post-presidency of Bill Clinton">Post-presidency of Bill Clinton</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Activities_until_2008_campaign">Activities until 2008 campaign</h3></div> In 2002, Clinton warned that pre-emptive military action against Iraq would have unwelcome consequences,<a href="#cite_note-306">[306]</a><a href="#cite_note-307">[307]</a> and later claimed to have opposed the Iraq War from the start (though some dispute this).<a href="#cite_note-308">[308]</a> In 2005, Clinton criticized the Bush administration for its handling of emissions control, while speaking at the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Climate_Change_conference" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Climate Change conference">United Nations Climate Change conference</a> in Montreal.<a href="#cite_note-309">[309]</a> The <a href="/wiki/William_J._Clinton_Presidential_Center_and_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="William J. Clinton Presidential Center and Park">William J. Clinton Presidential Center and Park</a> in <a href="/wiki/Little_Rock,_Arkansas" title="Little Rock, Arkansas">Little Rock, Arkansas</a>, was dedicated in 2004.<a href="#cite_note-310">[310]</a> Clinton released a best-selling autobiography, <a href="/wiki/My_Life_(Bill_Clinton_autobiography)" class="mw-redirect" title="My Life (Bill Clinton autobiography)">My Life</a>, in 2004.<a href="#cite_note-311">[311]</a> In 2007, he released <a href="/wiki/Giving:_How_Each_of_Us_Can_Change_the_World" title="Giving: How Each of Us Can Change the World">Giving: How Each of Us Can Change the World</a>, which also became a <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Best_Seller_list" title="The New York Times Best Seller list">New York Times Best Seller</a> and garnered positive reviews.<a href="#cite_note-312">[312]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bush_and_Clinton.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Bush_and_Clinton.jpg/220px-Bush_and_Clinton.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Bush_and_Clinton.jpg/330px-Bush_and_Clinton.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Bush_and_Clinton.jpg/440px-Bush_and_Clinton.jpg 2x" data-file-width="515" data-file-height="343" /></a><figcaption>Former president George H. W. Bush and Clinton in the White House Library, January 2005</figcaption></figure> In the aftermath of the <a href="/wiki/2004_Indian_Ocean_earthquake_and_tsunami" title="2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami">2004 Asian tsunami</a>, <a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_of_the_United_Nations" title="Secretary-General of the United Nations">U.N. secretary-general</a> <a href="/wiki/Kofi_Annan" title="Kofi Annan">Kofi Annan</a> appointed Clinton to head a relief effort.<a href="#cite_note-313">[313]</a> After <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Katrina" title="Hurricane Katrina">Hurricane Katrina</a>, Clinton joined with fellow former president George H. W. Bush to establish the Bush-Clinton Tsunami Fund in January 2005, and the Bush-Clinton Katrina Fund in October of that year.<a href="#cite_note-314">[314]</a> As part of the tsunami effort, these two ex-presidents appeared in a <a href="/wiki/Super_Bowl_XXXIX" title="Super Bowl XXXIX">Super Bowl XXXIX</a> pre-game show,<a href="#cite_note-315">[315]</a> and traveled to the affected areas.<a href="#cite_note-316">[316]</a> They also spoke together at the funeral of <a href="/wiki/Boris_Yeltsin" title="Boris Yeltsin">Boris Yeltsin</a> in April 2007.<a href="#cite_note-317">[317]</a> Based on his philanthropic worldview,<a href="#cite_note-318">[318]</a> Clinton created the <a href="/wiki/William_J._Clinton_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="William J. Clinton Foundation">William J. Clinton Foundation</a> to address issues of global importance. This foundation includes the Clinton Foundation HIV and AIDS Initiative (CHAI), which strives to combat that disease, and has worked with the Australian government toward that end. The <a href="/wiki/Clinton_Foundation" title="Clinton Foundation">Clinton Global Initiative</a> (CGI), begun by the Clinton Foundation in 2005, attempts to address world problems such as global <a href="/wiki/Public_health" title="Public health">public health</a>, poverty alleviation and religious and <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_conflict" title="Ethnic conflict">ethnic conflict</a>.<a href="#cite_note-319">[319]</a> In 2005, Clinton announced through his foundation an agreement with manufacturers to stop selling sugary drinks in schools.<a href="#cite_note-320">[320]</a> Clinton's foundation joined with the <a href="/wiki/Large_Cities_Climate_Leadership_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Large Cities Climate Leadership Group">Large Cities Climate Leadership Group</a> in 2006 to improve cooperation among those cities, and he met with foreign leaders to promote this initiative.<a href="#cite_note-321">[321]</a> The foundation has received donations from many governments all over the world, including Asia and the Middle East.<a href="#cite_note-theage.com.au-322">[322]</a> In 2008, Foundation director <a href="/wiki/Inder_Singh_(philanthropist)" title="Inder Singh (philanthropist)">Inder Singh</a> announced deals to reduce the price of anti-malaria drugs by 30 percent in developing nations.<a href="#cite_note-323">[323]</a> Clinton also spoke in favor of <a href="/wiki/California_Proposition_87_(2006)" class="mw-redirect" title="California Proposition 87 (2006)">California Proposition 87</a> on <a href="/wiki/Energy_development" title="Energy development">alternative energy</a>, which was voted down.<a href="#cite_note-324">[324]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2008_presidential_election">2008 presidential election</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bill_Clinton_2008_DNC_(01)_(cropped1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Bill_Clinton_2008_DNC_%2801%29_%28cropped1%29.jpg/220px-Bill_Clinton_2008_DNC_%2801%29_%28cropped1%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Bill_Clinton_2008_DNC_%2801%29_%28cropped1%29.jpg/330px-Bill_Clinton_2008_DNC_%2801%29_%28cropped1%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Bill_Clinton_2008_DNC_%2801%29_%28cropped1%29.jpg/440px-Bill_Clinton_2008_DNC_%2801%29_%28cropped1%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2230" data-file-height="1935" /></a><figcaption>Clinton speaking at the <a href="/wiki/2008_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2008 Democratic National Convention">2008 Democratic National Convention</a></figcaption></figure> During the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries,_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Party presidential primaries, 2008">2008 Democratic presidential primary campaign</a>, Clinton vigorously advocated on behalf of his wife, Hillary. Through speaking engagements and fundraisers, he was able to raise $10 million toward her campaign.<a href="#cite_note-325">[325]</a> Some worried that as an ex-president, he was too active on the trail, too negative to Clinton rival <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a>, and alienating his supporters at home and abroad.<a href="#cite_note-CBS-Tarnish-326">[326]</a> Many were especially critical of him following his remarks in the South Carolina primary, which Obama won. Later in the 2008 primaries, there was some infighting between Bill and Hillary's staffs, especially in Pennsylvania.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated3-327">[327]</a> Considering Bill's remarks, many thought he could not rally Hillary supporters behind Obama after Obama won the primary.<a href="#cite_note-328">[328]</a> Such remarks led to apprehension that the party would be split to the detriment of Obama's election. Fears were allayed August 27, 2008, when Clinton enthusiastically endorsed Obama at the <a href="/wiki/2008_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2008 Democratic National Convention">2008 Democratic National Convention</a>, saying all his experience as president assures him that Obama is "ready to lead".<a href="#cite_note-329">[329]</a> After Hillary Clinton's presidential campaign was over, Bill Clinton continued to raise funds to help pay off her campaign debt.<a href="#cite_note-330">[330]</a><a href="#cite_note-331">[331]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="After_the_2008_election">After the 2008 election</h3></div> In 2009, Clinton travelled to North Korea on behalf of two American journalists <a href="/wiki/2009_imprisonment_of_American_journalists_by_North_Korea" title="2009 imprisonment of American journalists by North Korea">imprisoned</a> there. <a href="/wiki/Euna_Lee" title="Euna Lee">Euna Lee</a> and <a href="/wiki/Laura_Ling" title="Laura Ling">Laura Ling</a> had been imprisoned for illegally entering the country from China.<a href="#cite_note-BBCDPRK-332">[332]</a> <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> had made a similar visit in 1994.<a href="#cite_note-BBCDPRK-332">[332]</a> After Clinton met with North Korean leader <a href="/wiki/Kim_Jong-il" class="mw-redirect" title="Kim Jong-il">Kim Jong-il</a>, Kim issued a pardon.<a href="#cite_note-333">[333]</a><a href="#cite_note-334">[334]</a> Since then, Clinton has been assigned many other diplomatic missions. He was named United Nations <a href="/wiki/Special_Envoy_of_the_Secretary-General" title="Special Envoy of the Secretary-General">Special Envoy</a> to Haiti in 2009 following a series of hurricanes which caused $1 billion in damages.<a href="#cite_note-haiti-335">[335]</a> Clinton organized a conference with the Inter-American Development Bank, where a new industrial park was discussed in an effort to "build back better".<a href="#cite_note-Sontag-336">[336]</a> In response to the <a href="/wiki/2010_Haiti_earthquake" title="2010 Haiti earthquake">2010 Haiti earthquake</a>, U.S. president Barack Obama announced that Clinton and George W. Bush would coordinate efforts to raise funds for Haiti's recovery.<a href="#cite_note-337">[337]</a> Funds began pouring into Haiti, which led to funding becoming available for Caracol Industrial Park in a part of the country unaffected by the earthquake. While Hillary Clinton was in South Korea, she and <a href="/wiki/Cheryl_Mills" title="Cheryl Mills">Cheryl Mills</a> worked to convince SAE-A, a large apparel subcontractor, to invest in Haiti despite the company's deep concerns about plans to raise the minimum wage. In the summer of 2010, the South Korean company signed a contract at the U.S. State Department, ensuring that the new industrial park would have a key tenant.<a href="#cite_note-Sontag-336">[336]</a> In 2010, Clinton announced support of, and delivered the keynote address for, the inauguration of <a href="/wiki/NTR_plc" title="NTR plc">NTR</a>, Ireland's first environmental foundation.<a href="#cite_note-338">[338]</a><a href="#cite_note-339">[339]</a> At the 2012 Democratic National Convention, Clinton gave a widely praised speech nominating Barack Obama.<a href="#cite_note-340">[340]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2016_presidential_election_and_after">2016 presidential election and after</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bill_Clinton_(25881799091).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Bill_Clinton_%2825881799091%29.jpg/220px-Bill_Clinton_%2825881799091%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Bill_Clinton_%2825881799091%29.jpg/330px-Bill_Clinton_%2825881799091%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Bill_Clinton_%2825881799091%29.jpg/440px-Bill_Clinton_%2825881799091%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a><figcaption>Clinton campaigning at an election rally for his wife Hillary who was running for President of the United States, 2016</figcaption></figure> During the <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">2016 presidential election</a>, Clinton again encouraged voters to support Hillary, and made appearances speaking on the campaign trail.<a href="#cite_note-341">[341]</a> In a series of tweets, then-President-elect <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> criticized his ability to get people out to vote.<a href="#cite_note-CBS-342">[342]</a> Clinton served as a member of the electoral college for the state of New York. He voted for the Democratic ticket consisting of his wife Hillary and her running-mate <a href="/wiki/Tim_Kaine" title="Tim Kaine">Tim Kaine</a>.<a href="#cite_note-343">[343]</a> On September 7, 2017, Clinton partnered with former presidents Jimmy Carter, George H. W. Bush, George W. Bush, and Barack Obama to work with <a href="/wiki/One_America_Appeal" title="One America Appeal">One America Appeal</a> to help the victims of <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Harvey" title="Hurricane Harvey">Hurricane Harvey</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Irma" title="Hurricane Irma">Hurricane Irma</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="Gulf Coast of the United States">Gulf Coast</a> and <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> communities.<a href="#cite_note-344">[344]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:P20230202CS-0020_(52681371148)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/P20230202CS-0020_%2852681371148%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-P20230202CS-0020_%2852681371148%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/P20230202CS-0020_%2852681371148%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-P20230202CS-0020_%2852681371148%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/P20230202CS-0020_%2852681371148%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-P20230202CS-0020_%2852681371148%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2123" data-file-height="1769" /></a><figcaption>Clinton with Vice President <a href="/wiki/Kamala_Harris" title="Kamala Harris">Kamala Harris</a> and President <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> in February 2023</figcaption></figure> In <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="2020 United States presidential election">2020</a>, Clinton again served as a member of the United States Electoral College from New York, casting his vote for the successful Democratic ticket of <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kamala_Harris" title="Kamala Harris">Kamala Harris</a>.<a href="#cite_note-345">[345]</a><a href="#cite_note-346">[346]</a> Clinton was one of the first public figures to endorse Biden's re-election campaign in <a href="/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election" title="2024 United States presidential election">2024</a>, with him appearing in interviews and fundraisers with various politicians and national figures. He was also one of the most notable politicians to defend Biden after his critically maligned <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden%E2%80%93Donald_Trump_2024_presidential_debate" class="mw-redirect" title="Joe Biden–Donald Trump 2024 presidential debate">first presidential debate</a> on June 27, with him stating that "bad debate nights happen" and continued to press support for him despite increasing demand from the public and Democratic party requesting for him to drop out.<a href="#cite_note-347">[347]</a> After Biden <a href="/wiki/Withdrawal_of_Joe_Biden_from_the_2024_United_States_presidential_election" title="Withdrawal of Joe Biden from the 2024 United States presidential election">withdrew his candidacy</a> and vice president Harris replaced him on the ticket, both Bill and Hillary Clinton endorsed her and praised Biden for his work in public service. Clinton later gave a critically acclaimed speech at the <a href="/wiki/2024_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2024 Democratic National Convention">2024 DNC</a>, where he emphasized the Democratic Party's record on job creation and Harris' career achievements as a prosecutor, Senator, and Vice President.<a href="#cite_note-348">[348]</a> He later stumped for Harris at various battleground states, where he met with supporters in small towns and at campaign stops. At a stop in Michigan, Clinton caused a backlash by criticizing Arab and Muslim Americans hesitant to support Harris due to her pro-Israeli position, stating Israel had been "forced" to kill civilians during <a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" title="Israel–Hamas war">its war with Hamas</a>.<a href="#cite_note-349">[349]</a> His comments led the <a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Middle_East_Understanding" title="Institute for Middle East Understanding">Institute for Middle East Understanding</a> to state, "Bill Clinton’s racist and ahistorical remarks were meant to justify the ethnic cleansing of Palestinians from their land. The Harris campaign is doing itself no favors attaching itself to that kind of hateful rhetoric".<a href="#cite_note-350">[350]</a> He expanded on his comments in an interview with CNN shortly after, stating that he was trying to appeal to both sides of the issue and highlighted his work with Arafat and Rabin in the Oslo Occords, although his response still received sharp condemnation from Muslim, Arab, and Palestinian-Americans.<a href="#cite_note-351">[351]</a> After Harris lost the general election to Trump, Clinton's remarks were brought up by critics and pundits, who stated that they were the reason why Harris lost support among Arab-American voters and why she fared poorly in the Muslim-populated cities of <a href="/wiki/Dearborn,_Michigan" title="Dearborn, Michigan">Dearborn</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hamtramck,_Michigan" title="Hamtramck, Michigan">Hamtramck</a> when compared to previous Democratic candidates.<a href="#cite_note-352">[352]</a> Critics also questioned his relevance to the modern Democratic Party, with pundits stating that his centrist policies and promotion of candidates who align with his views no longer work with a party that has tried to rebrand itself after losing support amongst progressive and populist supporters.<a href="#cite_note-353">[353]</a> After the election, he and Hillary released a statement congratulating president-elect Trump and vice-president-elect <a href="/wiki/JD_Vance" title="JD Vance">JD Vance</a>, while stating that Harris and her running-mate <a href="/wiki/Tim_Walz" title="Tim Walz">Tim Walz</a> ran a "positive, forward-looking campaign to be proud of."<a href="#cite_note-354">[354]</a> Clinton's second volume of memoirs, <a href="/wiki/Citizen_(Bill_Clinton_book)" title="Citizen (Bill Clinton book)">Citizen: My Life After the White House</a>, was published in November 2024.<a href="#cite_note-355">[355]</a><a href="#cite_note-356">[356]</a><a href="#cite_note-357">[357]</a><a href="#cite_note-358">[358]</a><a href="#cite_note-359">[359]</a><a href="#cite_note-360">[360]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-presidential_health_concerns">Post-presidential health concerns</h3></div> In September 2004, Clinton underwent quadruple bypass surgery.<a href="#cite_note-news.bbc.co.uk-361">[361]</a> In March 2005, he again underwent surgery, this time for a partially collapsed lung.<a href="#cite_note-362">[362]</a> On February 11, 2010, he was rushed to <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University_Irving_Medical_Center" title="Columbia University Irving Medical Center">New York-Presbyterian/Columbia Hospital</a> in Manhattan after complaining of chest pains, and he had two <a href="/wiki/Coronary_stent" title="Coronary stent">coronary stents</a> implanted in his heart.<a href="#cite_note-news.bbc.co.uk-361">[361]</a><a href="#cite_note-363">[363]</a> After this procedure, Clinton adopted a plant-based whole foods (<a href="/wiki/Vegan" class="mw-redirect" title="Vegan">vegan</a>) diet, which had been recommended by doctors <a href="/wiki/Dean_Ornish" title="Dean Ornish">Dean Ornish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Caldwell_Esselstyn" title="Caldwell Esselstyn">Caldwell Esselstyn</a>.<a href="#cite_note-cnn2011-364">[364]</a> He has since incorporated fish and lean animal flesh at the suggestion of <a href="/wiki/Mark_Hyman_(doctor)" title="Mark Hyman (doctor)">Mark Hyman</a>, a proponent of the <a href="/wiki/Pseudoscientific" class="mw-redirect" title="Pseudoscientific">pseudoscientific</a> ethos of <a href="/wiki/Functional_medicine" title="Functional medicine">functional medicine</a>.<a href="#cite_note-365">[365]</a> As a result, he is no longer a strict vegan.<a href="#cite_note-366">[366]</a> In October 2021, Clinton was treated for <a href="/wiki/Sepsis" title="Sepsis">sepsis</a> at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Irvine_Medical_Center" title="University of California, Irvine Medical Center">University of California, Irvine Medical Center</a>.<a href="#cite_note-367">[367]</a><a href="#cite_note-368">[368]</a> In December 2022, Clinton tested positive for <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a>.<a href="#cite_note-369">[369]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wealth">Wealth</h3></div> The Clintons incurred several million dollars in legal bills during his presidency, which were paid off four years after he left office.<a href="#cite_note-370">[370]</a> Bill and Hillary Clinton have each earned millions of dollars from book publishing.<a href="#cite_note-NYT-2008-04-05-371">[371]</a> In 2016, <a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a> reported Bill and Hillary Clinton made about $240 million in the 15 years from January 2001, to December 2015, (mostly from paid speeches, business consulting and book-writing).<a href="#cite_note-372">[372]</a> Also in 2016, <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a> reported the Clintons combined to receive more than $153 million in paid speeches from 2001 until spring 2015.<a href="#cite_note-CNN-2006-02-06-373">[373]</a> In May 2015, <a href="/wiki/The_Hill_(newspaper)" title="The Hill (newspaper)">The Hill</a> reported that Bill and Hillary Clinton have made more than $25 million in speaking fees since the start of 2014, and that Hillary Clinton also made $5 million or more from her book, <a href="/wiki/Hard_Choices" title="Hard Choices">Hard Choices</a>, during the same time period.<a href="#cite_note-374">[374]</a> In July 2014, <a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a> reported that at the end of 2012, the Clintons were worth between $5 million and $25.5 million, and that in 2012 (the last year they were required to disclose the information) the Clintons made between $16 and $17 million, mostly from speaking fees earned by the former president.<a href="#cite_note-375">[375]</a> Clinton earned more than $104 million from paid speeches between 2001 and 2012.<a href="#cite_note-bloomberg.com-376">[376]</a> In June 2014, ABC News and The Washington Post reported that Bill Clinton has made more than $100 million giving paid speeches since leaving public office, and in 2008, The New York Times reported that the Clintons' income tax returns<a href="#cite_note-377">[377]</a> show they made $109 million in the eight years from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2007, including almost $92 million from his speaking and book-writing.<a href="#cite_note-NYT-2008-04-05-371">[371]</a><a href="#cite_note-washingtonpost-2014-06-26-378">[378]</a><a href="#cite_note-ABC-News-2014-06-09-379">[379]</a><a href="#cite_note-380">[380]</a> Bill Clinton has given dozens of paid speeches each year since leaving office in 2001, mostly to corporations and philanthropic groups in North America and Europe; he often earned $100,000 to $300,000 per speech.<a href="#cite_note-CNN-2006-02-06-373">[373]</a><a href="#cite_note-381">[381]</a><a href="#cite_note-382">[382]</a><a href="#cite_note-383">[383]</a> Russian investment bank with ties to the Kremlin paid Clinton $500,000 for a speech in <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>.<a href="#cite_note-384">[384]</a><a href="#cite_note-385">[385]</a> Hillary Clinton said she and Bill came out of the White House financially "broke" and in debt, especially due to large legal fees incurred during their years in the White House. "We had no money when we got there, and we struggled to, you know, piece together the resources for mortgages, for houses, for Chelsea's education". She added, "Bill has worked really hard ... we had to pay off all our debts ... he had to make double the money because of, obviously, taxes; and then pay off the debts, and get us houses, and take care of family members".<a href="#cite_note-ABC-News-2014-06-09-379">[379]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Relationship_with_Jeffrey_Epstein">Relationship with Jeffrey Epstein</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Maxwell_Epstein_Clinton_1993_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Maxwell_Epstein_Clinton_1993_2.jpg/220px-Maxwell_Epstein_Clinton_1993_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Maxwell_Epstein_Clinton_1993_2.jpg/330px-Maxwell_Epstein_Clinton_1993_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Maxwell_Epstein_Clinton_1993_2.jpg/440px-Maxwell_Epstein_Clinton_1993_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1699" /></a><figcaption>President Clinton with Epstein and <a href="/wiki/Ghislaine_Maxwell" title="Ghislaine Maxwell">Ghislaine Maxwell</a> in the White House, September 1993</figcaption></figure> In the early 2000s, Clinton took flights on <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Epstein" title="Jeffrey Epstein">Jeffrey Epstein</a>'s private jet in connection with Clinton Foundation work.<a href="#cite_note-McDonald-386">[386]</a><a href="#cite_note-387">[387]</a> According to Epstein's attorney <a href="/wiki/Gerald_B._Lefcourt" title="Gerald B. Lefcourt">Gerald B. Lefcourt</a>, Epstein was "part of the original group that conceived of the <a href="/wiki/Clinton_Global_Initiative" class="mw-redirect" title="Clinton Global Initiative">Clinton Global Initiative</a>".<a href="#cite_note-388">[388]</a> In 2002, a spokesperson for Clinton praised Epstein as "a committed philanthropist" with "insights and generosity".<a href="#cite_note-389">[389]</a> While Clinton was president, Epstein visited the White House at least 17 times between 1993 and 1995.<a href="#cite_note-390">[390]</a><a href="#cite_note-391">[391]</a> Years later, Epstein was convicted on sex trafficking charges. Clinton's office released a statement in 2019 saying, "President Clinton knows nothing about the terrible crimes Jeffrey Epstein pleaded guilty to in Florida some years ago, or those with which he has been recently charged in New York. In 2002 and 2003, President Clinton took four trips on Jeffrey Epstein's airplane: one to Europe, one to Asia, and two to Africa, which included stops in connection with the work of the Clinton Foundation. Staff, supporters of the Foundation, and his Secret Service detail traveled on every leg of every trip. [...] He's not spoken to Epstein in well over a decade."<a href="#cite_note-McDonald-386">[386]</a><a href="#cite_note-392">[392]</a><a href="#cite_note-393">[393]</a> However, later reports showed that Clinton had flown on Epstein's plane 26 times.<a href="#cite_note-394">[394]</a> In another statement Clinton said "one meeting with Epstein in his Harlem office in 2002, and around the same time made one brief visit to Epstein's New York apartment with a staff member and his security detail". In July 2019 it was reported that Clinton attended a dinner with Epstein in 1995, a meeting with Epstein that Clinton had not previously disclosed.<a href="#cite_note-395">[395]</a> Clinton reportedly used Epstein's private jet to visit <a href="/wiki/Little_St._James_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Little St. James Island">Little St. James Island</a>, where Epstein resided,<a href="#cite_note-independent_3-396">[396]</a> on multiple occasions between 2002 and 2005.<a href="#cite_note-independent-397">[397]</a> <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Roberts_Giuffre" class="mw-redirect" title="Virginia Roberts Giuffre">Virginia Roberts</a>, later known as Virginia Giuffre, says in a lawsuit that while working at <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Mar-a-Lago" title="Mar-a-Lago">Mar-a-Lago</a> resort<a href="#cite_note-398">[398]</a> she was lured into a <a href="/wiki/Sex-trafficking" class="mw-redirect" title="Sex-trafficking">sex-trafficking</a> ring run by Epstein and while traveling with Epstein she saw Clinton on the island.<a href="#cite_note-politico-399">[399]</a> In a 2011 conversation with her lawyers, Roberts stated that Clinton traveled to Epstein's retreat on Little St. James in 2002.<a href="#cite_note-Buzzfeed-400">[400]</a> According to Roberts, Epstein told her that Clinton "owes me favors" when she asked what he was doing there.<a href="#cite_note-401">[401]</a> She also reportedly claimed that Epstein and Clinton had dined in the presence of two girls aged approximately seventeen whom she believed Epstein had invited to have sex with Clinton, but that Clinton showed no interest in them.<a href="#cite_note-402">[402]</a> A <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_Information_Act_(United_States)" title="Freedom of Information Act (United States)">Freedom of Information Act</a> request for <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secret_Service" title="United States Secret Service">United States Secret Service</a> records of visits Clinton may have made to Little St. James produced no such evidence.<a href="#cite_note-politico-399">[399]</a> According to Epstein's flight logs, Clinton never flew near the U.S. Virgin Islands.<a href="#cite_note-Buzzfeed-400">[400]</a> In July 2019, a Clinton spokesperson issued a statement saying Clinton never visited the island.<a href="#cite_note-APnews-403">[403]</a><a href="#cite_note-404">[404]</a> When he was personally asked by a journalist about his ties with Epstein in a rally in <a href="/wiki/Laredo,_Texas" title="Laredo, Texas">Laredo, Texas</a> in November 2022, Clinton said "I think the evidence is clear".<a href="#cite_note-405">[405]</a> According to former Clinton aide, <a href="/wiki/Doug_Band" title="Doug Band">Doug Band</a>, Clinton visited Epstein's island in January 2003.<a href="#cite_note-406">[406]</a><a href="#cite_note-407">[407]</a> In 2024, unsealed court documents revealed allegations that Clinton had visited the offices of <a href="/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(magazine)" title="Vanity Fair (magazine)">Vanity Fair</a> and 'threatened' the paper not to print stories about Epstein's sexual trafficking. Former Vanity Fair editor <a href="/wiki/Graydon_Carter" title="Graydon Carter">Graydon Carter</a> denied the incident ever took place.<a href="#cite_note-408">[408]</a><a href="#cite_note-409">[409]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2></div> At the age of 10, he was baptized at Park Place <a href="/wiki/Baptist" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptist">Baptist</a> Church in <a href="/wiki/Hot_Springs,_Arkansas" title="Hot Springs, Arkansas">Hot Springs, Arkansas</a>.<a href="#cite_note-410">[410]</a> When he became president in 1993, he became a member of <a href="/wiki/Foundry_United_Methodist_Church" title="Foundry United Methodist Church">Foundry United Methodist Church</a> in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> with his wife, a <a href="/wiki/Methodist" class="mw-redirect" title="Methodist">Methodist</a>.<a href="#cite_note-411">[411]</a> On October 11, 1975, in <a href="/wiki/Fayetteville,_Arkansas" title="Fayetteville, Arkansas">Fayetteville, Arkansas</a>, he married <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Rodham</a>, whom he met while studying at <a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a>. They had <a href="/wiki/Chelsea_Clinton" title="Chelsea Clinton">Chelsea Clinton</a>, their only child, on February 27, 1980.<a href="#cite_note-412">[412]</a> He is the maternal grandfather to Chelsea's three children.<a href="#cite_note-413">[413]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Accolades">Accolades</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_honors_received_by_Bill_Clinton" title="List of awards and honors received by Bill Clinton">List of awards and honors received by Bill Clinton</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bill_clinton_medal_of_freedom.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Bill_clinton_medal_of_freedom.jpg/220px-Bill_clinton_medal_of_freedom.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Bill_clinton_medal_of_freedom.jpg/330px-Bill_clinton_medal_of_freedom.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Bill_clinton_medal_of_freedom.jpg/440px-Bill_clinton_medal_of_freedom.jpg 2x" data-file-width="534" data-file-height="401" /></a><figcaption>Clinton receiving the <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom" title="Presidential Medal of Freedom">Presidential Medal of Freedom</a> from <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a>, 2013</figcaption></figure> Various colleges and universities have awarded Clinton honorary degrees, including <a href="/wiki/Legum_Doctor" title="Legum Doctor">Doctorate of Law</a> degrees<a href="#cite_note-414">[414]</a><a href="#cite_note-415">[415]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Humane_Letters" title="Doctor of Humane Letters">Doctor of Humane Letters</a> degrees.<a href="#cite_note-416">[416]</a> He received an honorary degree from Georgetown University, his alma mater, and was the commencement speaker in 1980.<a href="#cite_note-417">[417]</a> He is an honorary fellow of University College, Oxford, which he attended as a <a href="/wiki/Rhodes_Scholar" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhodes Scholar">Rhodes Scholar</a>, although he did not complete his studies there.<a href="#cite_note-418">[418]</a><a href="#cite_note-419">[419]</a> Schools have been named for Clinton,<a href="#cite_note-420">[420]</a><a href="#cite_note-421">[421]</a><a href="#cite_note-422">[422]</a> and statues have been built to pay him homage.<a href="#cite_note-WJCstatue-423">[423]</a><a href="#cite_note-424">[424]</a> U.S. states where he has been honored include Missouri,<a href="#cite_note-DeMolay-1-425">[425]</a> Arkansas,<a href="#cite_note-426">[426]</a> Kentucky,<a href="#cite_note-HOOKC-427">[427]</a> and New York.<a href="#cite_note-428">[428]</a> He was presented with the <a href="/wiki/Medal_for_Distinguished_Public_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Medal for Distinguished Public Service">Medal for Distinguished Public Service</a> by <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Defense" title="United States Secretary of Defense">Secretary of Defense</a> <a href="/wiki/William_Cohen" title="William Cohen">William Cohen</a> in 2001.<a href="#cite_note-429">[429]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Clinton_Presidential_Center" title="Clinton Presidential Center">Clinton Presidential Center</a> was opened in Little Rock, Arkansas, in his honor on December 5, 2001.<a href="#cite_note-NYT-430">[430]</a> Clinton has been honored in various other ways, in countries that include the Czech Republic,<a href="#cite_note-431">[431]</a><a href="#cite_note-432">[432]</a> Papua New Guinea,<a href="#cite_note-433">[433]</a> Germany,<a href="#cite_note-434">[434]</a> and Kosovo.<a href="#cite_note-WJCstatue-423">[423]</a> The Republic of Kosovo, in gratitude for his help during the <a href="/wiki/Kosovo_War" title="Kosovo War">Kosovo War</a>, renamed a major street in the capital city of <a href="/wiki/Pristina" title="Pristina">Pristina</a> as <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_Boulevard" title="Bill Clinton Boulevard">Bill Clinton Boulevard</a> and added a monumental Clinton statue.<a href="#cite_note-435">[435]</a><a href="#cite_note-436">[436]</a><a href="#cite_note-437">[437]</a> Clinton was selected as <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Time_Person_of_the_Year" title="Time Person of the Year">Man of the Year</a>" in 1992,<a href="#cite_note-438">[438]</a> and again in 1998, along with <a href="/wiki/Ken_Starr" title="Ken Starr">Ken Starr</a>.<a href="#cite_note-439">[439]</a> From a poll conducted of the American people in December 1999, Clinton was among eighteen included in <a href="/wiki/Gallup%27s_List_of_Most_Widely_Admired_People_of_the_20th_Century" title="Gallup's List of Most Widely Admired People of the 20th Century">Gallup's List of Most Widely Admired People of the 20th Century</a>.<a href="#cite_note-440">[440]</a> In 2001, Clinton received the <a href="/wiki/NAACP" title="NAACP">NAACP</a>'s <a href="/wiki/NAACP_Image_Award_%E2%80%93_President%27s_Award" title="NAACP Image Award – President's Award">President's Award</a>.<a href="#cite_note-441">[441]</a> He has also been honored with a J. William Fulbright Prize for International Understanding,<a href="#cite_note-442">[442]</a> a <a href="/wiki/TED_(conference)" title="TED (conference)">TED</a> Prize (named for the confluence of technology, entertainment and design),<a href="#cite_note-443">[443]</a> and was named as an Honorary <a href="/wiki/GLAAD_Media_Award" title="GLAAD Media Award">GLAAD Media Award</a> recipient for his work as an advocate for the LGBT community.<a href="#cite_note-24-GLAAD-LA-444">[444]</a> Clinton, along with <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sophia_Loren" title="Sophia Loren">Sophia Loren</a>,<a href="#cite_note-445">[445]</a> received the <a href="/wiki/46th_Annual_Grammy_Awards" title="46th Annual Grammy Awards">2003 Grammy Award</a> for <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Spoken_Word_Album_for_Children" title="Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album for Children">Best Spoken Word Album for Children</a> for <a href="/wiki/Wolf_Tracks_and_Peter_and_the_Wolf" title="Wolf Tracks and Peter and the Wolf">Wolf Tracks and Peter and the Wolf</a>.<a href="#cite_note-GRAMMY-446">[446]</a><a href="#cite_note-447">[447]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Audiobook" title="Audiobook">audiobook</a> edition of his autobiography, <a href="/wiki/My_Life_(Clinton_autobiography)" title="My Life (Clinton autobiography)">My Life</a>, read by Clinton himself, won the <a href="/wiki/47th_Annual_Grammy_Awards" title="47th Annual Grammy Awards">2005 Grammy Award</a> for <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Spoken_Word_Album" class="mw-redirect" title="Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album">Best Spoken Word Album</a>,<a href="#cite_note-GRAMMY-446">[446]</a> as well as the <a href="/wiki/Audie_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Audie Award">Audie Award</a> as the Audiobook of the Year.<a href="#cite_note-448">[448]</a> Clinton has two more Grammy nominations for his audiobooks: <a href="/wiki/Giving:_How_Each_of_Us_Can_Change_the_World" title="Giving: How Each of Us Can Change the World">Giving: How Each of Us Can Change the World</a> in <a href="/wiki/50th_Annual_Grammy_Awards" title="50th Annual Grammy Awards">2007</a> and <a href="/wiki/Back_to_Work_(book)" title="Back to Work (book)">Back to Work</a> in <a href="/wiki/55th_Annual_Grammy_Awards" title="55th Annual Grammy Awards">2012</a>.<a href="#cite_note-GRAMMY-446">[446]</a> In 2011, Haitian president <a href="/wiki/Michel_Martelly" title="Michel Martelly">Michel Martelly</a> awarded Clinton with the <a href="/wiki/National_Order_of_Honour_and_Merit" title="National Order of Honour and Merit">National Order of Honour and Merit</a> to the rank of Grand Cross "for his various initiatives in Haiti and especially his high contribution to the reconstruction of the country after the earthquake of January 12, 2010". Clinton declared at the ceremony that "in the United States of America, I really don't believe former American presidents need awards anymore, but I am very honored by this one, I love Haiti, and I believe in its promise".<a href="#cite_note-449">[449]</a> President Obama awarded Clinton the <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom" title="Presidential Medal of Freedom">Presidential Medal of Freedom</a> on November 20, 2013.<a href="#cite_note-Medal_of_Honor-450">[450]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_family" title="Clinton family">Clinton family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_School_of_Public_Service" title="Clinton School of Public Service">Clinton School of Public Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Bill_Clinton" title="Efforts to impeach Bill Clinton">Efforts to impeach Bill Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Electoral history of Bill Clinton">Electoral history of Bill Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_control_policy_of_the_Clinton_Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Gun control policy of the Clinton Administration">Gun control policy of the Clinton Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">List of presidents of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_previous_experience" title="List of presidents of the United States by previous experience">List of presidents of the United States by previous experience</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output 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a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/magazine/twenty-years-ago-the-drudge-report-broke-the-clinton-lewinsky-scandal/2018/01/09/3df90b7a-e0ec-11e7-89e8-edec16379010_story.html">"Twenty years ago, the Drudge Report broke the Clinton-Lewinsky scandal"</a>. The Washington Post. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286">0190-8286</a>. Retrieved April 6, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Twenty+years+ago%2C+the+Drudge+Report+broke+the+Clinton-Lewinsky+scandal&rft.issn=0190-8286&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flifestyle%2Fmagazine%2Ftwenty-years-ago-the-drudge-report-broke-the-clinton-lewinsky-scandal%2F2018%2F01%2F09%2F3df90b7a-e0ec-11e7-89e8-edec16379010_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+Clinton" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://homepage.eircom.net/%257Eseanjmurphy/dir/pres.htm">"Directory of Irish Genealogy: American Presidents with Irish Ancestors"</a>. Homepage.eircom.net. March 23, 2004. 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Doubleday. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7679-1412-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7679-1412-3"><bdi>978-0-7679-1412-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Natural%3A+The+Misunderstood+Presidency+of+Bill+Clinton&rft.pub=Doubleday&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-7679-1412-3&rft.aulast=Klein&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnaturalmisunders00klei&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+Clinton" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120309143615/http://www.dlc.org/ndol_ci.cfm?kaid=127&subid=173&contentid=252794">"Bill Clinton, New Democrat"</a>. DLC. July 25, 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dlc.org/ndol_ci.cfm?kaid=127&subid=173&contentid=252794">the original</a> on March 9, 2012. Retrieved August 30, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bill+Clinton%2C+New+Democrat&rft.pub=DLC&rft.date=2004-07-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dlc.org%2Fndol_ci.cfm%3Fkaid%3D127%26subid%3D173%26contentid%3D252794&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+Clinton" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Clinton_Wars-55"><a href="#cite_ref-Clinton_Wars_55-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlumenthal2003" class="citation book cs1">Blumenthal, Sidney (2003). The Clinton Wars (1st ed.). Farrar, Straus and Giroux. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-374-12502-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-374-12502-8"><bdi>978-0-374-12502-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Clinton+Wars&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Farrar%2C+Straus+and+Giroux&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-374-12502-8&rft.aulast=Blumenthal&rft.aufirst=Sidney&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+Clinton" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Survivor-56">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_Survivor_56-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Survivor_56-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Survivor_56-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Survivor_56-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Survivor_56-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Survivor_56-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Survivor_56-6">g</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarris2006" class="citation book cs1">Harris, John F. (2006). The Survivor: Bill Clinton in the White House (1st ed.). Random House Trade Paperbacks. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-375-76084-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-375-76084-6"><bdi>978-0-375-76084-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Survivor%3A+Bill+Clinton+in+the+White+House&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Random+House+Trade+Paperbacks&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-375-76084-6&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=John+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+Clinton" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-mbsrgd-57">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mbsrgd_57-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-mbsrgd_57-1">b</a> <a href="/wiki/George_Stephanopoulos" title="George Stephanopoulos">George Stephanopoulos</a>, All Too Human: A Political Education, 1999, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-316-92919-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-316-92919-6">978-0-316-92919-6</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNguyen2000" class="citation web cs1">Nguyen, Alexander (July 14, 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101205011359/http://www.prospect.org/cs/articles?article=bill_clintons_death_penalty_waffle_">"Bill Clinton's Death Penalty Waffle—and Why It's Good News for Execution's Foes"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_American_Prospect" title="The American Prospect">The American Prospect</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prospect.org/cs/articles?article=bill_clintons_death_penalty_waffle_">the original</a> on December 5, 2010. Retrieved August 30, 2010. <q>In his early days, Clinton opposed the death penalty. And while he and his wife Hillary Rodham Clinton were both teaching at the University of Arkansas Law School, she wrote an appellate brief that helped save a mentally retarded man from execution. "Clinton was against the death penalty," says Arkansas attorney Jeff Rosenzweig, who, like Clinton, grew up in Hot Springs, Arkansas. "He told me so."</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+American+Prospect&rft.atitle=Bill+Clinton%27s+Death+Penalty+Waffle%E2%80%94and+Why+It%27s+Good+News+for+Execution%27s+Foes&rft.date=2000-07-14&rft.aulast=Nguyen&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.prospect.org%2Fcs%2Farticles%3Farticle%3Dbill_clintons_death_penalty_waffle_&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+Clinton" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hartman2015-59"><a href="#cite_ref-Hartman2015_59-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHartman2015" class="citation book cs1">Hartman, Andrew (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fW__BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA121">A War for the Soul of America: A History of the Culture Wars</a>. The University of Chicago Press. p. 121. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-226-25464-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-226-25464-7"><bdi>978-0-226-25464-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+War+for+the+Soul+of+America%3A+A+History+of+the+Culture+Wars&rft.pages=121&rft.pub=The+University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-0-226-25464-7&rft.aulast=Hartman&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfW__BgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA121&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+Clinton" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://criminal.findlaw.com/criminal-procedure/reinstatement-of-the-death-penalty.html">"Reinstatement of the Death Penalty"</a>. Findlaw. Retrieved November 24, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Findlaw&rft.atitle=Reinstatement+of+the+Death+Penalty&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcriminal.findlaw.com%2Fcriminal-procedure%2Freinstatement-of-the-death-penalty.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+Clinton" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deathpenaltyinfo.org/executions/execution-database?filters%5Bstate%5D=Arkansas">"Execution Database | Death Penalty Information Center"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Death_Penalty_Information_Center" title="Death Penalty Information Center">Death Penalty Information Center</a>. 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Retrieved August 1, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bill+Clinton&rft.date=2019-11-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.grammy.com%2Fgrammys%2Fartists%2Fbill-clinton%2F1590&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+Clinton" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-447"><a href="#cite_ref-447">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/ref/arts/music/08grammy-list.html">"Grammy Award Winners"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>. 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(with <a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070621005829/http://eric.ed.gov/ERICDocs/data/ericdocs2/content_storage_01/0000000b/80/22/4f/40.pdf">Science in the National Interest</a>. Washington, D.C.: The White House, August 1994.</li> <li>--- (with Al Gore). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080316091133/http://www.gcrio.org/USCCAP/toc.html">The Climate Change Action Plan</a>. Washington, D.C.: The White House, October 1993.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taylor_Branch" title="Taylor Branch">Taylor Branch</a> The Clinton Tapes: Wrestling History with the President. (2009) Simon & Schuster. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4165-4333-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4165-4333-6">978-1-4165-4333-6</a></li> <li>Official Congressional Record Impeachment Set: ... Containing the Procedures for Implementing the Articles of Impeachment and the Proceedings of the Impeachment Trial of President William Jefferson Clinton. Washington, D.C.: U.S. G.P.O., 1999.</li> <li>Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States, William J. Clinton. Washington, D.C.: Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration: For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. G.P.O., 1994–2002.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._Daniel_Abraham" title="S. Daniel Abraham">S. Daniel Abraham</a> <a href="/wiki/Peace_Is_Possible" title="Peace Is Possible">Peace Is Possible</a>, foreword by Bill Clinton</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Popular_books">Popular books</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li>Peter Baker The Breach: Inside the Impeachment and Trial of William Jefferson Clinton (2000) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-684-86813-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-684-86813-4">978-0-684-86813-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Bovard" title="James Bovard">James Bovard</a> Feeling Your Pain: The Explosion and Abuse of Government Power in the Clinton-Gore Years (2000) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-312-23082-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-312-23082-1">978-0-312-23082-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Conason" title="Joe Conason">Joe Conason</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gene_Lyons" title="Gene Lyons">Gene Lyons</a> The Hunting of the President: The Ten-Year Campaign to Destroy Bill and Hillary Clinton (2003) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-312-27319-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-312-27319-4">978-0-312-27319-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Drew" title="Elizabeth Drew">Elizabeth Drew</a> On the Edge: The Clinton Presidency (1994) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-671-87147-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-671-87147-5">978-0-671-87147-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Gergen" title="David Gergen">David Gergen</a> Eyewitness to Power: The Essence of Leadership. (2000) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-684-82663-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-684-82663-9">978-0-684-82663-9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigel_Hamilton_(author)" title="Nigel Hamilton (author)">Nigel Hamilton</a> Bill Clinton: An American Journey (2003) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-375-50610-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-375-50610-9">978-0-375-50610-9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Hitchens" title="Christopher Hitchens">Christopher Hitchens</a> No One Left to Lie to: The Triangulations of William Jefferson Clinton (1999) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85984-736-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85984-736-7">978-1-85984-736-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Isikoff" title="Michael Isikoff">Michael Isikoff</a> Uncovering Clinton: A Reporter's Story (1999) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-609-60393-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-609-60393-2">978-0-609-60393-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Katz_(speechwriter)" title="Mark Katz (speechwriter)">Mark Katz</a> Clinton and Me: A Real-Life Political Comedy (2004) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7868-6949-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7868-6949-7">978-0-7868-6949-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Maraniss" title="David Maraniss">David Maraniss</a> The Clinton Enigma: A Four and a Half Minute Speech Reveals This President's Entire Life (1998) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-684-86296-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-684-86296-5">978-0-684-86296-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Morris" title="Dick Morris">Dick Morris</a> with Eileen McGann Because He Could (2004) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-06-078415-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-06-078415-7">978-0-06-078415-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Posner" title="Richard Posner">Richard A. Posner</a> An Affair of State: The Investigation, Impeachment, and Trial of President Clinton (1999) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-00080-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-00080-3">978-0-674-00080-3</a></li> <li>Mark J. Rozell The Clinton Scandal and the Future of American Government (2000) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87840-777-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87840-777-4">978-0-87840-777-4</a></li> <li>Timperlake, Edward, and William C. Triplett II Year of the Rat: How Bill Clinton Compromised U.S. Security for Chinese Cash. Washington, D.C.: Regnery Publishing, 1998. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-89526-333-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-89526-333-9">978-0-89526-333-9</a></li> <li>Michael Waldman POTUS Speaks: Finding the Words That Defined the Clinton Presidency (2000) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7432-0020-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7432-0020-2">978-0-7432-0020-2</a></li> <li>Ivory Tower Publishing Company. Achievements of the Clinton Administration: the Complete Legislative and Executive. (1995) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-88032-748-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-88032-748-0">978-0-88032-748-0</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Scholarly_studies">Scholarly studies</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li>Campbell, Colin, and Bert A. Rockman, eds. The Clinton Legacy (Chatham House Pub, 2000)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCohen2001" class="citation journal cs1">Cohen, Jeffrey E. (December 2001). "The Polls: Change and Stability in Public Assessments of Personal Traits, Bill Clinton, 1993-99". Presidential Studies Quarterly. 31 (4): 733–741. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.0000-0000.2001.00197.x">10.1111/j.0000-0000.2001.00197.x</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Presidential+Studies+Quarterly&rft.atitle=The+Polls%3A+Change+and+Stability+in+Public+Assessments+of+Personal+Traits%2C+Bill+Clinton%2C+1993-99&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=733-741&rft.date=2001-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.0000-0000.2001.00197.x&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+Clinton" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCroninGenovese1998" class="citation journal cs1">Cronin, Thomas E.; Genovese, Michael A. (1998). "President Clinton and Character Questions". Presidential Studies Quarterly. 28 (4): 892–897. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/27551947">27551947</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Gale_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gale (identifier)">Gale</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://go.gale.com/ps/anonymous?id=GALE%7CA53409280">A53409280</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/215686695">215686695</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Presidential+Studies+Quarterly&rft.atitle=President+Clinton+and+Character+Questions&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=892-897&rft.date=1998&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F27551947%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Cronin&rft.aufirst=Thomas+E.&rft.au=Genovese%2C+Michael+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+Clinton" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavis2003" class="citation journal cs1">Davis, John (September 22, 2003). "The evolution of American grand strategy and the war on terrorism: Clinton and Bush perspectives". White House Studies. 3 (4): 459–477. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Gale_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gale (identifier)">Gale</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://go.gale.com/ps/anonymous?id=GALE%7CA118274932">A118274932</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=White+House+Studies&rft.atitle=The+evolution+of+American+grand+strategy+and+the+war+on+terrorism%3A+Clinton+and+Bush+perspectives&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=459-477&rft.date=2003-09-22&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+Clinton" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDumbrell2002" class="citation journal cs1">Dumbrell, J. (June 2002). "Was There a Clinton Doctrine? President Clinton's Foreign Policy Reconsidered". Diplomacy & Statecraft. 13 (2): 43–56. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F714000309">10.1080/714000309</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:153835555">153835555</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Diplomacy+%26+Statecraft&rft.atitle=Was+There+a+Clinton+Doctrine%3F+President+Clinton%27s+Foreign+Policy+Reconsidered&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=43-56&rft.date=2002-06&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F714000309&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A153835555%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Dumbrell&rft.aufirst=J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+Clinton" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEdwards1998" class="citation journal cs1">Edwards, George C. (1998). "Bill Clinton and His Crisis of Governance". Presidential Studies Quarterly. 28 (4): 754–760. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/27551927">27551927</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Gale_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gale (identifier)">Gale</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://go.gale.com/ps/anonymous?id=GALE%7CA53409260">A53409260</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/215682224">215682224</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Presidential+Studies+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Bill+Clinton+and+His+Crisis+of+Governance&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=754-760&rft.date=1998&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F27551927%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.aufirst=George+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+Clinton" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFisher2001" class="citation journal cs1">Fisher, Patrick (September 22, 2001). "Clinton's greatest legislative achievement? The success of the 1993 Budget Reconciliation Bill". White House Studies. 1 (4): 479–496. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Gale_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gale (identifier)">Gale</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://go.gale.com/ps/anonymous?id=GALE%7CA86058403">A86058403</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=White+House+Studies&rft.atitle=Clinton%27s+greatest+legislative+achievement%3F+The+success+of+the+1993+Budget+Reconciliation+Bill&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=479-496&rft.date=2001-09-22&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+Clinton" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlad1998" class="citation journal cs1">Glad, Betty (1998). "Evaluating Presidential Character". Presidential Studies Quarterly. 28 (4): 861–872. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/27551943">27551943</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Gale_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gale (identifier)">Gale</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://go.gale.com/ps/anonymous?id=GALE%7CA53409276">A53409276</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/215694887">215694887</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Presidential+Studies+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Evaluating+Presidential+Character&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=861-872&rft.date=1998&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F27551943%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Glad&rft.aufirst=Betty&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+Clinton" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Halberstam, David. War in a time of peace: Bush, Clinton, and the generals (Simon and Schuster, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/warintimeofpeace00halb">online</a></li> <li>Harris, John F. The Survivor: Bill Clinton in the White House (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/survivorbillclin00harr">online</a></li> <li>Head, Simon. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nybooks.com/daily/2016/01/30/clinton-system-donor-machine-2016-election/">The Clinton System</a> (January 30, 2016), <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Review_of_Books" title="The New York Review of Books">The New York Review of Books</a></li> <li>Hyland, William G. Clinton's World: Remaking American Foreign Policy (1999) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-275-96396-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-275-96396-5">978-0-275-96396-5</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJewettTuretzky1998" class="citation journal cs1">Jewett, Aubrey W.; Turetzky, Marc D. (1998). "Stability and Change in President Clinton's Foreign Policy Beliefs, 1993-96". Presidential Studies Quarterly. 28 (3): 638–665. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/27551906">27551906</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Gale_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gale (identifier)">Gale</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://go.gale.com/ps/anonymous?id=GALE%7CA53390302">A53390302</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/215688436">215688436</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Presidential+Studies+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Stability+and+Change+in+President+Clinton%27s+Foreign+Policy+Beliefs%2C+1993-96&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=638-665&rft.date=1998&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F27551906%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Jewett&rft.aufirst=Aubrey+W.&rft.au=Turetzky%2C+Marc+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+Clinton" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKim2002" class="citation journal cs1">Kim, Claire Jean (2002). "Managing the Racial Breach: Clinton, Black-White Polarization, and the Race Initiative". Political Science Quarterly. 117 (1): 55–79. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F798094">10.2307/798094</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/798094">798094</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Political+Science+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Managing+the+Racial+Breach%3A+Clinton%2C+Black-White+Polarization%2C+and+the+Race+Initiative&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=55-79&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F798094&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F798094%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=Claire+Jean&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+Clinton" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Laham, Nicholas, A Lost Cause: Bill Clinton's Campaign for National Health Insurance (1996)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLanoueEmmert1999" class="citation journal cs1">Lanoue, David J.; Emmert, Craig F. (1999). "Voting in the Glare of the Spotlight: Representatives' Votes on the Impeachment of President Clinton". Polity. 32 (2): 253–269. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3235285">10.2307/3235285</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3235285">3235285</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:155511442">155511442</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Polity&rft.atitle=Voting+in+the+Glare+of+the+Spotlight%3A+Representatives%27+Votes+on+the+Impeachment+of+President+Clinton&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=253-269&rft.date=1999&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A155511442%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3235285%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3235285&rft.aulast=Lanoue&rft.aufirst=David+J.&rft.au=Emmert%2C+Craig+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+Clinton" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Levy, Peter B. Encyclopedia of the Clinton presidency (Greenwood, 2002) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofcl00levy">online</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaurer1999" class="citation journal cs1">Maurer, Paul J. (March 1999). "Media Feeding Frenzies: Press Behavior During Two Clinton Scandals". Presidential Studies Quarterly. 29 (1): 65–79. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2F1741-5705.00019">10.1111/1741-5705.00019</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/27551959">27551959</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Gale_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gale (identifier)">Gale</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://go.gale.com/ps/anonymous?id=GALE%7CA54099170">A54099170</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/215686228">215686228</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Presidential+Studies+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Media+Feeding+Frenzies%3A+Press+Behavior+During+Two+Clinton+Scandals&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=65-79&rft.date=1999-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2F1741-5705.00019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F27551959%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Maurer&rft.aufirst=Paul+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+Clinton" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNesmithQuirk2017" class="citation book cs1">Nesmith, Bruce F.; Quirk, Paul J. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=scKdDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA46">"Triangulation: Position and Leadership in Clinton's Domestic Policy"</a>. 42: Inside the Presidency of Bill Clinton. pp. 46–76. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.7591%2F9781501706202-006">10.7591/9781501706202-006</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5017-0620-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-5017-0620-2"><bdi>978-1-5017-0620-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Triangulation%3A+Position+and+Leadership+in+Clinton%27s+Domestic+Policy&rft.btitle=42%3A+Inside+the+Presidency+of+Bill+Clinton&rft.pages=46-76&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.7591%2F9781501706202-006&rft.isbn=978-1-5017-0620-2&rft.aulast=Nesmith&rft.aufirst=Bruce+F.&rft.au=Quirk%2C+Paul+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DscKdDgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA46&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+Clinton" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNie1997" class="citation journal cs1">Nie, Martin A. (1997). "'It's the Environment, Stupid!' Clinton and the Environment". Presidential Studies Quarterly. 27 (1): 39–51. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/27551699">27551699</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Presidential+Studies+Quarterly&rft.atitle=%27It%27s+the+Environment%2C+Stupid%21%27+Clinton+and+the+Environment&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=39-51&rft.date=1997&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F27551699%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Nie&rft.aufirst=Martin+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+Clinton" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO’Connor2002" class="citation journal cs1">O’Connor, Brendon (September 2002). "Policies, Principles, and Polls: Bill Clinton's Third Way Welfare Politics 1992–1996". Australian Journal of Politics & History. 48 (3): 396–411. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2F1467-8497.00267">10.1111/1467-8497.00267</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+Journal+of+Politics+%26+History&rft.atitle=Policies%2C+Principles%2C+and+Polls%3A+Bill+Clinton%27s+Third+Way+Welfare+Politics+1992%E2%80%931996&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=396-411&rft.date=2002-09&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2F1467-8497.00267&rft.aulast=O%E2%80%99Connor&rft.aufirst=Brendon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+Clinton" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPalmer2005" class="citation journal cs1">Palmer, David (2005). "'What might have been': Bill Clinton and american political power". Australasian Journal of American Studies. 24 (1): 38–58. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/41416024">41416024</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australasian+Journal+of+American+Studies&rft.atitle=%27What+might+have+been%27%3A+Bill+Clinton+and+american+political+power&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=38-58&rft.date=2005&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F41416024%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Palmer&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+Clinton" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Renshon; Stanley A. The Clinton Presidency: Campaigning, Governing, and the Psychology of Leadership Westview Press, 1995</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRenshon2002" class="citation journal cs1">Renshon, Stanley A. (June 2002). "The Polls: The Public's Response to the Clinton Scandals, Part 2: Diverse Explanations, Clearer Consequences". Presidential Studies Quarterly. 32 (2): 412–427. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.0360-4918.2002.00228.x">10.1111/j.0360-4918.2002.00228.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/27552394">27552394</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Gale_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gale (identifier)">Gale</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://go.gale.com/ps/anonymous?id=GALE%7CA87354430">A87354430</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/215686253">215686253</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Presidential+Studies+Quarterly&rft.atitle=The+Polls%3A+The+Public%27s+Response+to+the+Clinton+Scandals%2C+Part+2%3A+Diverse+Explanations%2C+Clearer+Consequences&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=412-427&rft.date=2002-06&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.0360-4918.2002.00228.x&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F27552394%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Renshon&rft.aufirst=Stanley+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+Clinton" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Romano, Flavio. Clinton and Blair: the political economy of the third way (Routledge, 2007)</li> <li>Rushefsky, Mark E. and Kant Patel. Politics, Power & Policy Making: The Case of Health Care Reform in the 1990s (1998) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56324-956-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56324-956-3">978-1-56324-956-3</a></li> <li>Schantz, Harvey L. Politics in an Era of Divided Government: Elections and Governance in the Second Clinton Administration (2001) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8153-3583-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8153-3583-2">978-0-8153-3583-2</a></li> <li>Troy, Gill. The Age of Clinton: America in the 1990s (2015)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalt2000" class="citation journal cs1">Walt, Stephen M. (2000). "Two Cheers for Clinton's Foreign Policy". Foreign Affairs. 79 (2): 63–79. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F20049641">10.2307/20049641</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/20049641">20049641</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Foreign+Affairs&rft.atitle=Two+Cheers+for+Clinton%27s+Foreign+Policy&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=63-79&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F20049641&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F20049641%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Walt&rft.aufirst=Stephen+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABill+Clinton" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Warshaw, Shirley Anne. The Clinton Years (Infobase Publishing, 2009)</li> <li>White, Mark, ed. The Presidency of Bill Clinton: The Legacy of a New Domestic and Foreign Policy (I.B.Tauris, 2012)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arkansas_years">Arkansas years</h3></div> <ul><li>Allen, Charles and Jonathan Portis. The Life and Career of Bill Clinton: The Comeback Kid (1992).</li> <li>Blair, Diane D. "The Big Three of Late Twentieth-Century Arkansas Politics: Dale Bumpers, Bill Clinton, and David Pryor." Arkansas Historical Quarterly 54.1 (1995): 53–79. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40030927">online</a></li> <li>Blair, Diane D. "William Jefferson Clinton" in The Governors of Arkansas: Essays in Political Biography ed. by Willard B. Gatewood Jr., et al. (1995)</li> <li>Brummett, John. Highwire: From the Backroads to the Beltway: The Education of Bill Clinton (Hyperion, 1994).</li> <li>Clinton, Bill. My Life: The Early Years (Random House, 2004)</li> <li>Dumas, Ernest, ed. The Clintons of Arkansas: An Introduction by Those Who Knew Them Best (University of Arkansas Press, 1993) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=X3fKRpNuMe0C&dq=Governor++Clinton++Arkansas:&pg=PR11">online</a>.</li> <li>Encyclopedia of Arkansas (2023) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encyclopediaofarkansas.net/?s=Clinton">online</a></li> <li>Johnston, Phyllis F. Bill Clinton's Public Policy for Arkansas: 1979-80 (Little Rock: August House, 1982).</li> <li>Maraniss, David. First in His Class: A Biography of Bill Clinton (Simon & Schuster, 1995).</li> <li>Marcus, Alan. "Bill Clinton in Arkansas: generational politics, the technology of political communication and the permanent campaign." The Historian 72.2 (2010): 354–385. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/24454837">online</a></li> <li>Oakley, Meredith L. On the make: The rise of Bill Clinton (Regnery Publishing, 1994), attack from the right.</li> <li>Osborne, David. "Turning around Arkansas' Schools: Bill Clinton and Education Reform." American Educator: The Professional Journal of the American Federation of Teachers 16.3 (1992): 6–17. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ453909">online</a></li> <li>Smith, Stephen A., ed. Preface to the Presidency: Selected Speeches of Bill Clinton, 1974–1992 (University of Arkansas Press, 1996).</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media 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data-file-height="355" /><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" class="extiw" title="q:Bill Clinton">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:William_Jefferson_Clinton" class="extiw" title="s:Author:William Jefferson Clinton">Texts</a> from Wikisource</li></ul></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bill_Clinton" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a>.</div></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Official">Official</h3></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.clintonlibrary.gov/">Presidential Library & Museum</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.clintonfoundation.org/">Clinton Foundation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/presidents/william-j-clinton/">White House biography</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://clintonwhitehouse4.archives.gov/WH/EOP/OP/html/Hope.html">Archived White House website</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interviews,_speeches,_and_statements">Interviews, speeches, and statements</h3></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?1651">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ted.com/speakers/bill_clinton">Bill Clinton</a> at <a href="/wiki/TED_(conference)" title="TED (conference)">TED</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1124#P2611" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://millercenter.org/president/speeches#clinton">Full audio of a number of Clinton speeches</a> <a href="/wiki/Miller_Center_of_Public_Affairs" title="Miller Center of Public Affairs">Miller Center of Public Affairs</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/A-0027/menu.html">Oral History Interview with Bill Clinton</a> from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/">Oral Histories of the American South</a>, June 1974</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2006/09/18/060918fa_fact1">"The Wanderer"</a>, a profile from <a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a>, September 2006</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media_coverage">Media coverage</h3></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/clinton">Bill Clinton</a> collected news and commentary at <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1124#P3106" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/topic/person/bill-clinton">Bill Clinton</a> collected news and commentary at <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other">Other</h3></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070504050918/http://www.millercenter.virginia.edu/index.php/academic/americanpresident/clinton">Extensive essays on Bill Clinton</a> and shorter essays on each member of his cabinet and First Lady from the <a href="/wiki/Miller_Center_of_Public_Affairs" title="Miller Center of Public Affairs">Miller Center of Public Affairs</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/video/?151639-1/life-portrait-bill-clinton">"Life Portrait of Bill Clinton"</a>, from <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a>'s <a href="/wiki/American_Presidents:_Life_Portraits" title="American Presidents: Life Portraits">American Presidents: Life Portraits</a>, December 20, 1999</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/films/clinton/player/">Clinton</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170313193547/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/films/clinton/player/">Archived</a> March 13, 2017, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> an <a href="/wiki/American_Experience" title="American Experience">American Experience</a> documentary</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/BillClinton">Bill Clinton</a> on <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1124#P2002" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0001051/">Bill Clinton</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1124#P345" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/3565">Works by Bill Clinton</a> at <a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/videos/tv/2016/04/04/clinton-bush-heavyweight-orig.cnn">1992 election episode in CNN's Race for the White House</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Bill_Clinton" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bill_Clinton" title="Template:Bill Clinton"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bill_Clinton" title="Template talk:Bill Clinton"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bill_Clinton" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bill Clinton"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bill_Clinton" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bill Clinton</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">42nd</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> (1993–2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Arkansas" title="List of governors of Arkansas">40th and 42nd Governor of Arkansas</a> (1979–1981, 1983–1992)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Presidency of Bill Clinton">Presidency</a> (<a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bill_Clinton_presidency" title="Timeline of the Bill Clinton presidency">timeline</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Presidential transition of Bill Clinton">Transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Bill_Clinton" title="First inauguration of Bill Clinton">1st inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Second inauguration of Bill Clinton">2nd inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bill_Clinton_presidency" title="Timeline of the Bill Clinton presidency">Timeline</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bill_Clinton_presidency_(1993)" title="Timeline of the Bill Clinton presidency (1993)">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bill_Clinton_presidency_(1994)" title="Timeline of the Bill Clinton presidency (1994)">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bill_Clinton_presidency_(1995)" title="Timeline of the Bill Clinton presidency (1995)">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bill_Clinton_presidency_(1996)" title="Timeline of the Bill Clinton presidency (1996)">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bill_Clinton_presidency_(1997)" title="Timeline of the Bill Clinton presidency (1997)">1997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bill_Clinton_presidency_(1998)" title="Timeline of the Bill Clinton presidency (1998)">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bill_Clinton_presidency_(1999)" title="Timeline of the Bill Clinton presidency (1999)">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bill_Clinton_presidency_(2000%E2%80%932001)" title="Timeline of the Bill Clinton presidency (2000–2001)">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bill_Clinton_presidency_(2000%E2%80%932001)#January_2001" title="Timeline of the Bill Clinton presidency (2000–2001)">January 2001</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_policy_of_the_Bill_Clinton_administration" title="Economic policy of the Bill Clinton administration">Economic policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AmeriCorps" title="AmeriCorps">AmeriCorps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_health_care_plan_of_1993" title="Clinton health care plan of 1993">Health care plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="North American Free Trade Agreement">North American Free Trade Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balanced_Budget_Act_of_1997" title="Balanced Budget Act of 1997">Balanced Budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_Bill_Clinton_administration" title="Foreign policy of the Bill Clinton administration">Foreign policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_presidential_trips_made_by_Bill_Clinton" title="List of international presidential trips made by Bill Clinton">International trips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_Doctrine" title="Clinton Doctrine">Clinton Doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oslo_I_Accord" title="Oslo I Accord">Oslo I Accord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Jordan_peace_treaty" title="Israel–Jordan peace treaty">Israel–Jordan peace treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayton_Agreement" title="Dayton Agreement">Dayton Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Camp_David_Summit" title="2000 Camp David Summit">2000 Camp David Summit</a></li> <li>Cruise missile strikes on Iraq <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1993_cruise_missile_strikes_on_Iraq" title="1993 cruise missile strikes on Iraq">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_cruise_missile_strikes_on_Iraq" title="1996 cruise missile strikes on Iraq">1996</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Infinite_Reach" title="Operation Infinite Reach">Operation Infinite Reach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO_bombing_of_Yugoslavia" title="NATO bombing of Yugoslavia">Bombing of Yugoslavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_Iraq_(1998)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombing of Iraq (1998)">Bombing of Iraq (1998)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Highway_System_(United_States)" title="National Highway System (United States)">National Highway System Designation Act of 1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_Equity_Act_for_the_21st_Century" title="Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century">Transportation Equity Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_America_Initiative" title="One America Initiative">One America Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riegle-Neal_Interstate_Banking_and_Branching_Efficiency_Act_of_1994" class="mw-redirect" title="Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act of 1994">Riegle-Neal Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gramm%E2%80%93Leach%E2%80%93Bliley_Act" title="Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act">Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lead-based_paint_in_the_United_States" title="Lead-based paint in the United States">Lead-Based Paint Disclosure Regulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safe_Drinking_Water_Act" title="Safe Drinking Water Act">Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments of 1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_Act_of_1996" title="Telecommunications Act of 1996">Telecommunications Act of 1996</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communications_Decency_Act" title="Communications Decency Act">Communications Decency Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Section_230" title="Section 230">Section 230</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nannygate" title="Nannygate">Nannygate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Bedroom_for_contributors_controversy" title="Lincoln Bedroom for contributors controversy">Lincoln Bedroom for contributors controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commerce_Department_trade_mission_controversy" title="Commerce Department trade mission controversy">Commerce Department trade mission controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_campaign_finance_controversy" title="1996 United States campaign finance controversy">1996 United States campaign finance controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton%E2%80%93Lewinsky_scandal" title="Clinton–Lewinsky scandal">Clinton–Lewinsky scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starr_Report" title="Starr Report">Starr Report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Impeachment of Bill Clinton">Impeachment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Bill_Clinton" title="Efforts to impeach Bill Clinton">efforts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_inquiry_against_Bill_Clinton" class="mw-redirect" title="Impeachment inquiry against Bill Clinton">inquiry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_trial_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Impeachment trial of Bill Clinton">trial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Millennium_Council" title="White House Millennium Council">White House Millennium Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_pardon_controversy" title="Bill Clinton pardon controversy">Pardons</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_pardoned_by_Bill_Clinton" title="List of people pardoned by Bill Clinton">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Bill_Clinton#Administration" title="Presidency of Bill Clinton">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Bill_Clinton" title="List of federal judges appointed by Bill Clinton">Judicial appointments</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_Supreme_Court_candidates" title="Bill Clinton Supreme Court candidates">Supreme Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_judicial_appointment_controversies" title="Bill Clinton judicial appointment controversies">controversies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:William_Jefferson_Clinton/Executive_orders" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Author:William Jefferson Clinton/Executive orders">Executive Orders</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:William_Jefferson_Clinton/Presidential_Proclamations" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Author:William Jefferson Clinton/Presidential Proclamations">Presidential Proclamations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_George_W._Bush" title="Presidential transition of George W. Bush">Presidential transition of George W. Bush</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Bill_Clinton.jpg/100px-Bill_Clinton.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Bill_Clinton.jpg/150px-Bill_Clinton.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Bill_Clinton.jpg/200px-Bill_Clinton.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2299" data-file-height="3000" /> <a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2424" data-file-height="2425" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life and legacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_William_Jefferson_Clinton_Birthplace_Home_National_Historic_Site" title="President William Jefferson Clinton Birthplace Home National Historic Site">Childhood home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_life_and_career_of_Bill_Clinton" class="mw-redirect" title="Early life and career of Bill Clinton">Early life and career</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governorships_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Governorships of Bill Clinton">Governorships of Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_Presidential_Center" title="Clinton Presidential Center">Presidential Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-presidency_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Post-presidency of Bill Clinton">Post-presidency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_Foundation" title="Clinton Foundation">Clinton Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_School_of_Public_Service" title="Clinton School of Public Service">Clinton School of Public Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_Bush_Haiti_Fund" title="Clinton Bush Haiti Fund">Clinton Bush Haiti Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Constitution_Center#NCC_and_presidents" title="National Constitution Center">Chairman, National Constitution Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_honors_and_awards_received_by_Bill_Clinton" class="mw-redirect" title="List of honors and awards received by Bill Clinton">Honors and awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_image_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Public image of Bill Clinton">Public image</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troopergate_(Bill_Clinton)" title="Troopergate (Bill Clinton)">Troopergate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_sexual_misconduct_allegations" class="mw-redirect" title="Bill Clinton sexual misconduct allegations">Sexual misconduct allegations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitewater_controversy" title="Whitewater controversy">Whitewater controversy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Speeches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/February_1993_Bill_Clinton_speech_to_a_joint_session_of_Congress" title="February 1993 Bill Clinton speech to a joint session of Congress">Joint session of Congress</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_1993_Bill_Clinton_speech_to_a_joint_session_of_Congress" title="September 1993 Bill Clinton speech to a joint session of Congress">Joint session of Congress (health care reform)</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_the_Union" title="State of the Union">State of the Union addresses</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1994_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1994 State of the Union Address">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1995 State of the Union Address">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1996 State of the Union Address">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1997 State of the Union Address">1997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1998 State of the Union Address">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1999 State of the Union Address">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="2000 State of the Union Address">2000</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Electoral history of Bill Clinton">Elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">U.S. House</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1974_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1974 United States House of Representatives elections">1974</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gubernatorial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1978_Arkansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1978 Arkansas gubernatorial election">1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Arkansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1980 Arkansas gubernatorial election">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_Arkansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1982 Arkansas gubernatorial election">1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Arkansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1984 Arkansas gubernatorial election">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_Arkansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1986 Arkansas gubernatorial election">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Arkansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1990 Arkansas gubernatorial election">1990</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidential</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_1992_presidential_campaign" title="Bill Clinton 1992 presidential campaign">1992 campaign</a> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again" title="Make America Great Again">Make America Great Again</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1992 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Democratic_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection" title="1992 Democratic Party vice presidential candidate selection">running mate selection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1992 Democratic National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_debates" title="1992 United States presidential debates">debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_election" title="1992 United States presidential election">election</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Stop_(Fleetwood_Mac_song)#Political_significance" title="Don't Stop (Fleetwood Mac song)">theme song</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_1996_presidential_campaign" title="Bill Clinton 1996 presidential campaign">1996 campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1996_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1996 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1996 Democratic National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_debates" title="1996 United States presidential debates">debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="1996 United States presidential election">election</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Bibliography of Bill Clinton">Books</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Between_Hope_and_History" title="Between Hope and History">Between Hope and History (1996)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/My_Life_(Clinton_autobiography)" title="My Life (Clinton autobiography)">My Life (2004)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giving:_How_Each_of_Us_Can_Change_the_World" title="Giving: How Each of Us Can Change the World">Giving: How Each of Us Can Change the World (2007)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Back_to_Work_(book)" title="Back to Work (book)">Back to Work (2011)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_President_Is_Missing_(novel)" title="The President Is Missing (novel)">The President Is Missing (2018)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_President%27s_Daughter_(novel)" title="The President's Daughter (novel)">The President's Daughter (2021)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Namesakes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Jefferson_Clinton_Federal_Building" title="William Jefferson Clinton Federal Building">William Jefferson Clinton Federal Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_Boulevard" title="Bill Clinton Boulevard">Bill Clinton Boulevard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_National_Airport" title="Clinton National Airport">Clinton National Airport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Popular culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saturday_Night_Live_parodies_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Saturday Night Live parodies of Bill Clinton">Saturday Night Live parodies of Bill Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_War_Room" title="The War Room">The War Room (1993 documentary)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Silence_of_the_Hams" title="The Silence of the Hams">The Silence of the Hams (1994 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primary_Colors_(film)" title="Primary Colors (film)">Primary Colors (1998 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Final_Days_(2000_film)" title="The Final Days (2000 film)">The Final Days (2000 short film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hunting_of_the_President" title="The Hunting of the President">The Hunting of the President (2004 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Special_Relationship_(film)" title="The Special Relationship (film)">The Special Relationship (2010 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_(film)" title="Clinton (film)">Clinton (2012 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillary_and_Clinton" title="Hillary and Clinton">Hillary and Clinton (2016 play)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment:_American_Crime_Story" title="Impeachment: American Crime Story">Impeachment: American Crime Story (2021 miniseries)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_American_Presidency_with_Bill_Clinton_(TV_series)" title="The American Presidency with Bill Clinton (TV series)">The American Presidency with Bill Clinton (2022 documentary series)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Clinton_family" title="Clinton family">Family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Rodham Clinton</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelsea_Clinton" title="Chelsea Clinton">Chelsea Clinton</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Jefferson_Blythe_Jr." title="William Jefferson Blythe Jr.">William Jefferson Blythe Jr.</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Clinton_Kelley" title="Virginia Clinton Kelley">Virginia Clinton Kelley</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Clinton_Sr." title="Roger Clinton Sr.">Roger Clinton Sr.</a> (first stepfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Clinton_Jr." title="Roger Clinton Jr.">Roger Clinton Jr.</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Dwire" title="Jeff Dwire">Jeff Dwire</a> (second stepfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socks_(cat)" title="Socks (cat)">Socks</a> (cat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_(Bill_Clinton%27s_dog)" title="Buddy (Bill Clinton's dog)">Buddy</a> (dog)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitehaven_(house)" title="Whitehaven (house)">Whitehaven</a> (residence)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">← George H. W. Bush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush →</a></li></ul> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Bill_Clinton" title="Category:Bill Clinton">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Offices_and_distinctions" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Offices_and_distinctions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Offices and distinctions</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #DDCEF2;">Legal offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Guy_Tucker" title="Jim Guy Tucker">Jim Guy Tucker</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Attorney_General" title="Arkansas Attorney General">Attorney General of Arkansas</a> 1977–1979 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Steve_Clark_(Arkansas_politician)" title="Steve Clark (Arkansas politician)">Steve Clark</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/David_Pryor" title="David Pryor">David Pryor</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> nominee for Governor of Arkansas <a href="/wiki/1978_Arkansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1978 Arkansas gubernatorial election">1978</a>, <a href="/wiki/1980_Arkansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1980 Arkansas gubernatorial election">1980</a>, <a href="/wiki/1982_Arkansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1982 Arkansas gubernatorial election">1982</a>, <a href="/wiki/1984_Arkansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1984 Arkansas gubernatorial election">1984</a>, <a href="/wiki/1986_Arkansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1986 Arkansas gubernatorial election">1986</a>, <a href="/wiki/1990_Arkansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1990 Arkansas gubernatorial election">1990</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Guy_Tucker" title="Jim Guy Tucker">Jim Guy Tucker</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Dukakis" title="Michael Dukakis">Michael Dukakis</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Chair of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Governors_Association" title="Democratic Governors Association">Democratic Governors Association</a> 1987–1988 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/James_Blanchard" class="mw-redirect" title="James Blanchard">James Blanchard</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Sam_Nunn" title="Sam Nunn">Sam Nunn</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Chair of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Leadership_Council" title="Democratic Leadership Council">Democratic Leadership Council</a> 1990–1991 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Breaux" title="John Breaux">John Breaux</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Dukakis" title="Michael Dukakis">Michael Dukakis</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Democratic_Party_presidential_tickets" title="List of United States Democratic Party presidential tickets">nominee</a> for President of the United States <a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_election" title="1992 United States presidential election">1992</a>, <a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="1996 United States presidential election">1996</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Purcell" title="Joe Purcell">Joe Purcell</a> (Acting)</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Arkansas" title="List of governors of Arkansas">Governor of Arkansas</a> 1979–1981 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Frank_D._White" title="Frank D. White">Frank D. White</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Frank_D._White" title="Frank D. White">Frank D. White</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Governor of Arkansas 1983–1992 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Guy_Tucker" title="Jim Guy Tucker">Jim Guy Tucker</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Lamar_Alexander" title="Lamar Alexander">Lamar Alexander</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Chair of the <a href="/wiki/National_Governors_Association" title="National Governors Association">National Governors Association</a> 1986–1987 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_H._Sununu" title="John H. Sununu">John H. Sununu</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> President of the United States 1993–2001 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FACEFF;">Diplomatic posts </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">New office </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Chair of the <a href="/wiki/Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation" title="Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation">Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation</a> 1993 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Suharto" title="Suharto">Suharto</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Chirac" title="Jacques Chirac">Jacques Chirac</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Chair of the <a href="/wiki/Group_of_Eight" class="mw-redirect" title="Group of Eight">Group of Eight</a> 1997 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair">Tony Blair</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cfc;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_order_of_precedence" title="United States order of precedence">U.S. order of precedence</a> (ceremonial) </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a></div>as former president </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/United_States_order_of_precedence" title="United States order of precedence">Order of precedence of the United States</a> as former president </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a></div>as former president </td></tr> </tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Articles_related_to_Bill_Clinton" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Articles_related_to_Bill_Clinton" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Articles related to Bill Clinton</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Presidents_of_the_United_States" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_presidents" title="Template:US presidents"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_presidents" title="Template talk:US presidents"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_presidents" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US presidents"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Presidents_of_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">Presidents of the United States</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidents and presidencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div style="display:flex"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;flex:1;text-align:left;white-space:nowrap"> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_George_Washington" title="Presidency of George Washington">1789–1797</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams">John Adams</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_John_Adams" title="Presidency of John Adams">1797–1801</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Thomas_Jefferson" title="Presidency of Thomas Jefferson">1801–1809</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">James Madison</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_James_Madison" title="Presidency of James Madison">1809–1817</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Monroe" title="James Monroe">James Monroe</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_James_Monroe" title="Presidency of James Monroe">1817–1825</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Quincy_Adams" title="John Quincy Adams">John Quincy Adams</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_John_Quincy_Adams" title="Presidency of John Quincy Adams">1825–1829</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Andrew_Jackson" title="Presidency of Andrew Jackson">1829–1837</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Van_Buren" title="Martin Van Buren">Martin Van Buren</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Martin_Van_Buren" title="Presidency of Martin Van Buren">1837–1841</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Harrison" title="William Henry Harrison">William Henry Harrison</a> (<a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Harrison#Presidency_(1841)" title="William Henry Harrison">1841</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Tyler" title="John Tyler">John Tyler</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_John_Tyler" title="Presidency of John Tyler">1841–1845</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_K._Polk" title="James K. Polk">James K. Polk</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_James_K._Polk" title="Presidency of James K. Polk">1845–1849</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zachary_Taylor" title="Zachary Taylor">Zachary Taylor</a> (<a href="/wiki/Zachary_Taylor#Presidency_(1849–1850)" title="Zachary Taylor">1849–1850</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millard_Fillmore" title="Millard Fillmore">Millard Fillmore</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Millard_Fillmore" title="Presidency of Millard Fillmore">1850–1853</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Pierce" title="Franklin Pierce">Franklin Pierce</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Franklin_Pierce" title="Presidency of Franklin Pierce">1853–1857</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Buchanan" title="James Buchanan">James Buchanan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_James_Buchanan" title="Presidency of James Buchanan">1857–1861</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Abraham_Lincoln" title="Presidency of Abraham Lincoln">1861–1865</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">Andrew Johnson</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Presidency of Andrew Johnson">1865–1869</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Ulysses S. Grant">Ulysses S. Grant</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Presidency of Ulysses S. Grant">1869–1877</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutherford_B._Hayes" title="Rutherford B. Hayes">Rutherford B. Hayes</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Rutherford_B._Hayes" title="Presidency of Rutherford B. Hayes">1877–1881</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_A._Garfield" title="James A. Garfield">James A. Garfield</a> (<a href="/wiki/James_A._Garfield#Presidency_(1881)" title="James A. Garfield">1881</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chester_A._Arthur" title="Chester A. Arthur">Chester A. Arthur</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Chester_A._Arthur" title="Presidency of Chester A. Arthur">1881–1885</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidencies_of_Grover_Cleveland#First_presidency_(1885–1889)" title="Presidencies of Grover Cleveland">1885–1889</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison" title="Benjamin Harrison">Benjamin Harrison</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Benjamin_Harrison" title="Presidency of Benjamin Harrison">1889–1893</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidencies_of_Grover_Cleveland#Second_presidency_(1893–1897)" title="Presidencies of Grover Cleveland">1893–1897</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_McKinley" title="William McKinley">William McKinley</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_William_McKinley" title="Presidency of William McKinley">1897–1901</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt">1901–1909</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">William Howard Taft</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_William_Howard_Taft" title="Presidency of William Howard Taft">1909–1913</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Woodrow Wilson</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Woodrow_Wilson" title="Presidency of Woodrow Wilson">1913–1921</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_G._Harding" title="Warren G. Harding">Warren G. Harding</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Warren_G._Harding" title="Presidency of Warren G. Harding">1921–1923</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge" title="Calvin Coolidge">Calvin Coolidge</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Calvin_Coolidge" title="Presidency of Calvin Coolidge">1923–1929</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Herbert Hoover</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Herbert_Hoover" title="Presidency of Herbert Hoover">1929–1933</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt">1933–1945</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Harry_S._Truman" title="Presidency of Harry S. Truman">1945–1953</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower">1953–1961</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_John_F._Kennedy" title="Presidency of John F. Kennedy">1961–1963</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson">1963–1969</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Richard_Nixon" title="Presidency of Richard Nixon">1969–1974</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Gerald_Ford" title="Presidency of Gerald Ford">1974–1977</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Jimmy_Carter" title="Presidency of Jimmy Carter">1977–1981</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Presidency of Ronald Reagan">1981–1989</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_George_H._W._Bush" title="Presidency of George H. W. Bush">1989–1993</a>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bill Clinton</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Presidency of Bill Clinton">1993–2001</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_George_W._Bush" title="Presidency of George W. Bush">2001–2009</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Barack_Obama" title="Presidency of Barack Obama">2009–2017</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> (<a href="/wiki/First_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="First presidency of Donald Trump">2017–2021</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Joe_Biden" title="Presidency of Joe Biden">2021–present</a>)</li></ol> </div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidency timelines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_George_Washington_presidency" title="Timeline of the George Washington presidency">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_William_McKinley_presidency" title="Timeline of the William McKinley presidency">McKinley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Theodore_Roosevelt_presidency" title="Timeline of the Theodore Roosevelt presidency">T. Roosevelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_William_Howard_Taft_presidency" title="Timeline of the William Howard Taft presidency">Taft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Woodrow_Wilson_presidency" title="Timeline of the Woodrow Wilson presidency">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Warren_G._Harding_presidency" title="Timeline of the Warren G. Harding presidency">Harding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Calvin_Coolidge_presidency" title="Timeline of the Calvin Coolidge presidency">Coolidge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Herbert_Hoover_presidency" title="Timeline of the Herbert Hoover presidency">Hoover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Franklin_D._Roosevelt_presidency" title="Timeline of the Franklin D. Roosevelt presidency">F. D. Roosevelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Harry_S._Truman_presidency" title="Timeline of the Harry S. Truman presidency">Truman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Dwight_D._Eisenhower_presidency" title="Timeline of the Dwight D. Eisenhower presidency">Eisenhower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_John_F._Kennedy_presidency" title="Timeline of the John F. Kennedy presidency">Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Lyndon_B._Johnson_presidency" title="Timeline of the Lyndon B. Johnson presidency">L. B. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Richard_Nixon_presidency" title="Timeline of the Richard Nixon presidency">Nixon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Gerald_Ford_presidency" title="Timeline of the Gerald Ford presidency">Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Jimmy_Carter_presidency" title="Timeline of the Jimmy Carter presidency">Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Ronald_Reagan_presidency" title="Timeline of the Ronald Reagan presidency">Reagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_George_H._W._Bush_presidency" title="Timeline of the George H. W. Bush presidency">G. H. W. Bush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bill_Clinton_presidency" title="Timeline of the Bill Clinton presidency">Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_George_W._Bush_presidency" title="Timeline of the George W. Bush presidency">G. W. Bush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Barack_Obama_presidency" title="Timeline of the Barack Obama presidency">Obama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Donald_Trump_presidencies" title="Timeline of the Donald Trump presidencies">Trump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Joe_Biden_presidency" title="Timeline of the Joe Biden presidency">Biden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Presidents_of_the_United_States" title="Category:Presidents of the United States">Category</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">List</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="(←_1988)_1992_United_States_presidential_election_(1996_→)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1992_United_States_presidential_election" title="Template:1992 United States presidential election"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1992_United_States_presidential_election" title="Template talk:1992 United States presidential election"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1992_United_States_presidential_election" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1992 United States presidential election"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="(←_1988)_1992_United_States_presidential_election_(1996_→)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">(<a href="/wiki/1988_United_States_presidential_election" title="1988 United States presidential election">← 1988</a>) <a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_election" title="1992 United States presidential election">1992 United States presidential election</a> (<a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="1996 United States presidential election">1996 →</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #3333FF;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/1992_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1992 Democratic National Convention">Convention</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/1992_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1992 Democratic Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nominee: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bill Clinton</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_1992_presidential_campaign" title="Bill Clinton 1992 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clintonism" title="Clintonism">positions</a></li></ul></li> <li>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Other candidates: <a href="/wiki/Larry_Agran" title="Larry Agran">Larry Agran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Brown" title="Jerry Brown">Jerry Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Harkin" title="Tom Harkin">Tom Harkin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Harkin_1992_presidential_campaign" title="Tom Harkin 1992 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Kerrey" title="Bob Kerrey">Bob Kerrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_LaRouche" title="Lyndon LaRouche">Lyndon LaRouche</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_LaRouche_U.S._presidential_campaigns" title="Lyndon LaRouche U.S. presidential campaigns">campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Views_of_Lyndon_LaRouche_and_the_LaRouche_movement" title="Views of Lyndon LaRouche and the LaRouche movement">positions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Laughlin" title="Tom Laughlin">Tom Laughlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_McCarthy" title="Eugene McCarthy">Eugene McCarthy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Tsongas" title="Paul Tsongas">Paul Tsongas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Wilder" title="Douglas Wilder">Douglas Wilder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Woods_(politician)" title="Charles Woods (politician)">Charles Woods</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #E81B23;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/1992_Republican_National_Convention" title="1992 Republican National Convention">Convention</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/1992_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1992 Republican Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Incumbent nominee: <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush_1992_presidential_campaign" title="George H. W. Bush 1992 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li>Incumbent VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Dan_Quayle" title="Dan Quayle">Dan Quayle</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Other candidates: <a href="/wiki/Pat_Buchanan" title="Pat Buchanan">Pat Buchanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Duke" title="David Duke">David Duke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Fellure" title="Jack Fellure">Jack Fellure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabell_Masters" title="Isabell Masters">Isabell Masters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Paulsen" title="Pat Paulsen">Pat Paulsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennie_Rogers" title="Tennie Rogers">Tennie Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Stassen" title="Harold Stassen">Harold Stassen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #DDDDBB;"><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Candidate: <a href="/wiki/Ross_Perot" title="Ross Perot">Ross Perot</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ross_Perot_1992_presidential_campaign" title="Ross Perot 1992 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li>VP candidate: <a href="/wiki/James_Stockdale" title="James Stockdale">James Stockdale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Other_independent_and_third-party_candidates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Other <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">independent</a> and <a href="/wiki/Third_party_(U.S._politics)" title="Third party (U.S. politics)">third-party</a> candidates</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FED105;"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1991_Libertarian_National_Convention" title="1991 Libertarian National Convention">Convention</a></li> <li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Andre_Marrou" title="Andre Marrou">Andre Marrou</a></li> <li>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Lord" title="Nancy Lord">Nancy Lord</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 NavajoWhite;"><a href="/wiki/Natural_Law_Party_(United_States)" title="Natural Law Party (United States)">Natural Law Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/John_Hagelin" title="John Hagelin">John Hagelin</a></dd> <dt>VP nominee</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mike_Tompkins" title="Mike Tompkins">Mike Tompkins</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FF00FF;"><a href="/wiki/New_Alliance_Party" title="New Alliance Party">New Alliance Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lenora_Fulani" title="Lenora Fulani">Lenora Fulani</a></dd> <dt>VP nominee</dt> <dd>Maria Elizabeth Muñoz</dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FF00FF;"><a href="/wiki/Prohibition_Party" title="Prohibition Party">Prohibition Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Earl_Dodge" title="Earl Dodge">Earl Dodge</a></dd> <dt>VP nominee</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/George_Ormsby_(politician)" title="George Ormsby (politician)">George Ormsby</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #CD3700;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_USA" title="Socialist Party USA">Socialist Party USA</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/J._Quinn_Brisben" title="J. Quinn Brisben">J. Quinn Brisben</a></dd> <dt>VP nominee</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Garson" title="Barbara Garson">Barbara Garson</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #AA0000;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Workers_Party_(United_States)" title="Socialist Workers Party (United States)">Socialist Workers Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/James_Warren_(presidential_candidate)" title="James Warren (presidential candidate)">James Warren</a></dd> <dt>VP nominee</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Willie_Mae_Reid" title="Willie Mae Reid">Willie Mae Reid</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #A356DE; : ''[[Constitution Party National Convention#1992 Convention|Convention]]''"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_Party_(United_States)" title="Constitution Party (United States)">U.S. Taxpayers Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Howard_Phillips_(activist)" title="Howard Phillips (activist)">Howard Phillips</a></dd> <dt>VP nominee</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Albion_W._Knight_Jr." title="Albion W. Knight Jr.">Albion W. Knight Jr.</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FF33AA;"><a href="/wiki/Workers_World_Party" title="Workers World Party">Workers World Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Gloria_La_Riva" title="Gloria La Riva">Gloria La Riva</a></dd> <dt>VP nominee</dt> <dd>Larry Holmes</dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #DDDDBB;">Independents and other candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Daniels_(politician)" title="Ronald Daniels (politician)">Ronald Daniels</a> (running mate: <a href="/wiki/Asiba_Tupahache" title="Asiba Tupahache">Asiba Tupahache</a>)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bo_Gritz" title="Bo Gritz">Bo Gritz</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Isabell_Masters" title="Isabell Masters">Isabell Masters</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt>Other 1992 elections</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1992 United States House of Representatives elections">House</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_Senate_elections" title="1992 United States Senate elections">Senate</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_gubernatorial_elections" title="1992 United States gubernatorial elections">Gubernatorial</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="(←_1992)_1996_United_States_presidential_election_(2000_→)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="Template:1996 United States presidential election"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="Template talk:1996 United States presidential election"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1996 United States presidential election"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="(←_1992)_1996_United_States_presidential_election_(2000_→)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">(<a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_election" title="1992 United States presidential election">← 1992</a>) <a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="1996 United States presidential election">1996 United States presidential election</a> (<a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_election" title="2000 United States presidential election">2000 →</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #3333FF;"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/1996_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1996 Democratic National Convention">Convention</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/1996_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1996 Democratic Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Incumbent nominee: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bill Clinton</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_1996_presidential_campaign" title="Bill Clinton 1996 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clintonism" title="Clintonism">positions</a></li></ul></li> <li>Incumbent VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Other candidates: <a href="/wiki/James_D._Griffin" title="James D. Griffin">James D. Griffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_LaRouche" title="Lyndon LaRouche">Lyndon LaRouche</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_LaRouche_U.S._presidential_campaigns" title="Lyndon LaRouche U.S. presidential campaigns">campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Views_of_Lyndon_LaRouche_and_the_LaRouche_movement" title="Views of Lyndon LaRouche and the LaRouche movement">positions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Paulsen" title="Pat Paulsen">Pat Paulsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roland_Riemers" title="Roland Riemers">Roland Riemers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #E81B23;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/1996_Republican_National_Convention" title="1996 Republican National Convention">Convention</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/1996_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1996 Republican Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole" title="Bob Dole">Bob Dole</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole_1996_presidential_campaign" title="Bob Dole 1996 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Jack_Kemp" title="Jack Kemp">Jack Kemp</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Other candidates: <a href="/wiki/Lamar_Alexander" title="Lamar Alexander">Lamar Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Buchanan" title="Pat Buchanan">Pat Buchanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_E._Collins_(politician)" title="Charles E. Collins (politician)">Charles E. Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dornan" title="Bob Dornan">Bob Dornan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Fellure" title="Jack Fellure">Jack Fellure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Fletcher" title="Arthur Fletcher">Arthur Fletcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Forbes" title="Steve Forbes">Steve Forbes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Gramm" title="Phil Gramm">Phil Gramm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Keyes" title="Alan Keyes">Alan Keyes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Lugar" title="Richard Lugar">Richard Lugar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabell_Masters" title="Isabell Masters">Isabell Masters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_McMillan" title="Jimmy McMillan">Jimmy McMillan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennie_Rogers" title="Tennie Rogers">Tennie Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arlen_Specter" title="Arlen Specter">Arlen Specter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morry_Taylor" title="Morry Taylor">Morry Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Wilson" title="Pete Wilson">Pete Wilson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #6A287E;"><a href="/wiki/Reform_Party_of_the_United_States_of_America" title="Reform Party of the United States of America">Reform Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1996_Reform_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1996 Reform Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Ross_Perot" title="Ross Perot">Ross Perot</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ross_Perot_1996_presidential_campaign" title="Ross Perot 1996 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Pat_Choate" title="Pat Choate">Pat Choate</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Other candidates: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Lamm" title="Richard Lamm">Richard Lamm</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Lamm_1996_presidential_campaign" title="Richard Lamm 1996 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Other_Third-party_and_independent_candidates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Other <a href="/wiki/Third_party_(U.S._politics)" title="Third party (U.S. politics)">Third-party</a> and <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">independent</a> <a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="1996 United States presidential election">candidates</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #17aa5c;"><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_the_United_States" title="Green Party of the United States">Green Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1996_Green_Party_National_Convention&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1996 Green Party National Convention (page does not exist)">Convention</a></li> <li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Nader" title="Ralph Nader">Ralph Nader</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Nader_1996_presidential_campaign" title="Ralph Nader 1996 presidential campaign">campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Winona_LaDuke" title="Winona LaDuke">Winona LaDuke</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #50C878;"><a href="/wiki/Independent_Grassroots_Party" title="Independent Grassroots Party">Independent Grassroots Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/John_Birrenbach" title="John Birrenbach">John Birrenbach</a></dd> <dt>VP nominee</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/George_McMahon_(activist)" title="George McMahon (activist)">George McMahon</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FED105;"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1996_Libertarian_National_Convention#1996" title="1996 Libertarian National Convention">Convention</a></li> <li>Nominee: <a href="/wiki/Harry_Browne" title="Harry Browne">Harry Browne</a></li> <li>VP nominee: <a href="/wiki/Jo_Jorgensen" title="Jo Jorgensen">Jo Jorgensen</a></li> <li>Other candidates: <a href="/wiki/Irwin_Schiff" title="Irwin Schiff">Irwin Schiff</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 NavajoWhite;"><a href="/wiki/Natural_Law_Party_(United_States)" title="Natural Law Party (United States)">Natural Law Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/John_Hagelin" title="John Hagelin">John Hagelin</a></dd> <dt>VP nominee</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mike_Tompkins" title="Mike Tompkins">Mike Tompkins</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FF00FF;"><a href="/wiki/Prohibition_Party" title="Prohibition Party">Prohibition Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Earl_Dodge" title="Earl Dodge">Earl Dodge</a></dd> <dt>VP nominee</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Bubar_Kelly" title="Rachel Bubar Kelly">Rachel Bubar Kelly</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #CD3700;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_USA" title="Socialist Party USA">Socialist Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mary_Cal_Hollis" title="Mary Cal Hollis">Mary Cal Hollis </a></dd> <dt>VP nominee</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Eric_Chester" title="Eric Chester">Eric Chester</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #AA0000;"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Workers_Party_(United_States)" title="Socialist Workers Party (United States)">Socialist Workers Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/James_Harris_(Socialist_Workers_Party_politician)" title="James Harris (Socialist Workers Party politician)">James Harris</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #A356DE;"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_Party_(United_States)" title="Constitution Party (United States)">U.S. Taxpayers Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Howard_Phillips_(activist)" title="Howard Phillips (activist)">Howard Phillips</a></dd> <dt>VP nominee</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Herb_Titus" class="mw-redirect" title="Herb Titus">Herb Titus</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #FF33AA;"><a href="/wiki/Workers_World_Party" title="Workers World Party">Workers World Party</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Nominee</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Monica_Moorehead" title="Monica Moorehead">Monica Moorehead</a></dd> <dt>VP nominee</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Gloria_La_Riva" title="Gloria La Riva">Gloria La Riva</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;box-shadow: inset -5px 0 0 0 #DDDDBB;">Independents and other candidates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Jett_Blakk" title="Joan Jett Blakk">Joan Jett Blakk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marsha_Feinland" title="Marsha Feinland">Marsha Feinland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabell_Masters" title="Isabell Masters">Isabell Masters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Michael" title="Steve Michael">Steve Michael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Peron" title="Dennis Peron">Dennis Peron</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt>Other 1996 elections</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1996 United States House of Representatives elections">House</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_Senate_elections" title="1996 United States Senate elections">Senate</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_gubernatorial_elections" title="1996 United States gubernatorial elections">Gubernatorial</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Democratic_Party" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#B0CEFF;;background:#3333FF; color:white"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Template:Democratic Party (United States)"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Template talk:Democratic Party (United States)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Democratic Party (United States)"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Democratic_Party" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#B0CEFF;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="History of the Democratic Party (United States)">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_Party_System" title="Second Party System">Second Party System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Party_System" title="Third Party System">Third Party System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Party_System" title="Fourth Party System">Fourth Party System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Party_System" title="Fifth Party System">Fifth Party System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixth_Party_System" title="Sixth Party System">Sixth Party System</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B0CEFF;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_National_Convention" title="Democratic National Convention">National conventions</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Democratic_Party_presidential_tickets" title="List of United States Democratic Party presidential tickets">presidential tickets</a>, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="List of Democratic Party presidential primaries">presidential primaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1828_United_States_presidential_election#Democratic_Party_nomination" title="1828 United States presidential election">1828 (None)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Jackson</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_C._Calhoun" title="John C. Calhoun">Calhoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1832_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1832 Democratic National Convention">1832 (Baltimore)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Jackson</a>/<a href="/wiki/Martin_Van_Buren" title="Martin Van Buren">Van Buren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1835_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1835 Democratic National Convention">1835 (Baltimore)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Martin_Van_Buren" title="Martin Van Buren">Van Buren</a>/<a href="/wiki/Richard_Mentor_Johnson" title="Richard Mentor Johnson">R. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1840_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1840 Democratic National Convention">1840 (Baltimore)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Martin_Van_Buren" title="Martin Van Buren">Van Buren</a>/None</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1844_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1844 Democratic National Convention">1844 (Baltimore)</a>: <a href="/wiki/James_K._Polk" title="James K. Polk">Polk</a>/<a href="/wiki/George_M._Dallas" title="George M. Dallas">Dallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1848_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1848 Democratic National Convention">1848 (Baltimore)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Cass" title="Lewis Cass">Cass</a>/<a href="/wiki/William_Orlando_Butler" class="mw-redirect" title="William Orlando Butler">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1852_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1852 Democratic National Convention">1852 (Baltimore)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Franklin_Pierce" title="Franklin Pierce">Pierce</a>/<a href="/wiki/William_R._King" title="William R. King">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1856_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1856 Democratic National Convention">1856 (Cincinnati)</a>: <a href="/wiki/James_Buchanan" title="James Buchanan">Buchanan</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_C._Breckinridge" title="John C. Breckinridge">Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1860_Democratic_National_Conventions" title="1860 Democratic National Conventions">1860 (Charleston/Baltimore)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Stephen_A._Douglas" title="Stephen A. Douglas">Douglas</a>/<a href="/wiki/Herschel_V._Johnson" title="Herschel V. Johnson">H. Johnson</a> (<a href="/wiki/John_C._Breckinridge" title="John C. Breckinridge">Breckinridge</a>/<a href="/wiki/Joseph_Lane" title="Joseph Lane">Lane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Southern_Democrats" title="Southern Democrats">SD</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1864_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1864 Democratic National Convention">1864 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/George_B._McClellan" title="George B. McClellan">McClellan</a>/<a href="/wiki/George_H._Pendleton" title="George H. Pendleton">Pendleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1868 Democratic National Convention">1868 (New York)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Horatio_Seymour" title="Horatio Seymour">Seymour</a>/<a href="/wiki/Francis_Preston_Blair_Jr." title="Francis Preston Blair Jr.">Blair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1872 Democratic National Convention">1872 (Baltimore)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Horace_Greeley" title="Horace Greeley">Greeley</a>/<a href="/wiki/B._Gratz_Brown" title="B. Gratz Brown">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1876 Democratic National Convention">1876 (Saint Louis)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Samuel_J._Tilden" title="Samuel J. Tilden">Tilden</a>/<a href="/wiki/Thomas_A._Hendricks" title="Thomas A. Hendricks">Hendricks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1880 Democratic National Convention">1880 (Cincinnati)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Winfield_Scott_Hancock" title="Winfield Scott Hancock">Hancock</a>/<a href="/wiki/William_Hayden_English" title="William Hayden English">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1884_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1884 Democratic National Convention">1884 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Cleveland</a>/<a href="/wiki/Thomas_A._Hendricks" title="Thomas A. Hendricks">Hendricks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1888 Democratic National Convention">1888 (Saint Louis)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Cleveland</a>/<a href="/wiki/Allen_G._Thurman" title="Allen G. Thurman">Thurman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1892_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1892 Democratic National Convention">1892 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Cleveland</a>/<a href="/wiki/Adlai_Stevenson_I" title="Adlai Stevenson I">Stevenson I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1896_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1896 Democratic National Convention">1896 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Jennings_Bryan" title="William Jennings Bryan">W. Bryan</a>/<a href="/wiki/Arthur_Sewall" title="Arthur Sewall">Sewall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1900_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1900 Democratic National Convention">1900 (Kansas City)</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Jennings_Bryan" title="William Jennings Bryan">W. Bryan</a>/<a href="/wiki/Adlai_Stevenson_I" title="Adlai Stevenson I">Stevenson I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1904_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1904 Democratic National Convention">1904 (Saint Louis)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Alton_B._Parker" title="Alton B. Parker">Parker</a>/<a href="/wiki/Henry_G._Davis" title="Henry G. Davis">H. Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1908_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1908 Democratic National Convention">1908 (Denver)</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Jennings_Bryan" title="William Jennings Bryan">W. Bryan</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_W._Kern" title="John W. Kern">Kern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1912_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1912 Democratic National Convention">1912 (Baltimore)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Wilson</a>/<a href="/wiki/Thomas_R._Marshall" title="Thomas R. Marshall">Marshall</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1912_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1912 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1916_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1916 Democratic National Convention">1916 (Saint Louis)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Wilson</a>/<a href="/wiki/Thomas_R._Marshall" title="Thomas R. Marshall">Marshall</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1916_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1916 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1920_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1920 Democratic National Convention">1920 (San Francisco)</a>: <a href="/wiki/James_M._Cox" title="James M. Cox">Cox</a>/<a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Roosevelt</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1920_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1920 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1924 Democratic National Convention">1924 (New York)</a>: <a href="/wiki/John_W._Davis" title="John W. Davis">J. Davis</a>/<a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Bryan" title="Charles W. Bryan">C. Bryan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1924_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1924 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1928_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1928 Democratic National Convention">1928 (Houston)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Al_Smith" title="Al Smith">Smith</a>/<a href="/wiki/Joseph_T._Robinson" title="Joseph T. Robinson">Robinson</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1928_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1928 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1932 Democratic National Convention">1932 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Roosevelt</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_Nance_Garner" title="John Nance Garner">Garner</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1932_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1932 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1936 Democratic National Convention">1936 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Roosevelt</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_Nance_Garner" title="John Nance Garner">Garner</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1936_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1936 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1940 Democratic National Convention">1940 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Roosevelt</a>/<a href="/wiki/Henry_A._Wallace" title="Henry A. Wallace">Wallace</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1940 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1944 Democratic National Convention">1944 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Roosevelt</a>/<a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Truman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1944_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1944 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1948 Democratic National Convention">1948 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Truman</a>/<a href="/wiki/Alben_W._Barkley" title="Alben W. Barkley">Barkley</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1948_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1948 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1952 Democratic National Convention">1952 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Adlai_Stevenson_II" title="Adlai Stevenson II">Stevenson II</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_Sparkman" title="John Sparkman">Sparkman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1952_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1952 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1956 Democratic National Convention">1956 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Adlai_Stevenson_II" title="Adlai Stevenson II">Stevenson II</a>/<a href="/wiki/Estes_Kefauver" title="Estes Kefauver">Kefauver</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1956_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1956 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1960 Democratic National Convention">1960 (Los Angeles)</a>: <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">Kennedy</a>/<a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">L. Johnson</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1960_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1960 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1964 Democratic National Convention">1964 (Atlantic City)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">L. Johnson</a>/<a href="/wiki/Hubert_Humphrey" title="Hubert Humphrey">Humphrey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1964_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1964 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1968 Democratic National Convention">1968 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Hubert_Humphrey" title="Hubert Humphrey">Humphrey</a>/<a href="/wiki/Edmund_Muskie" title="Edmund Muskie">Muskie</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1968_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1968 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1972 Democratic National Convention">1972 (Miami Beach)</a>: <a href="/wiki/George_McGovern" title="George McGovern">McGovern</a>/(<a href="/wiki/Thomas_Eagleton" title="Thomas Eagleton">Eagleton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sargent_Shriver" title="Sargent Shriver">Shriver</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1972_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1972 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1976 Democratic National Convention">1976 (New York)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Carter</a>/<a href="/wiki/Walter_Mondale" title="Walter Mondale">Mondale</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1976_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1976 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1980 Democratic National Convention">1980 (New York)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Carter</a>/<a href="/wiki/Walter_Mondale" title="Walter Mondale">Mondale</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1980 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1984 Democratic National Convention">1984 (San Francisco)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Walter_Mondale" title="Walter Mondale">Mondale</a>/<a href="/wiki/Geraldine_Ferraro" title="Geraldine Ferraro">Ferraro</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1984_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1984 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1988 Democratic National Convention">1988 (Atlanta)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Michael_Dukakis" title="Michael Dukakis">Dukakis</a>/<a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Bentsen" title="Lloyd Bentsen">Bentsen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1988_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1988 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1992 Democratic National Convention">1992 (New York)</a>: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">B. Clinton</a>/<a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Gore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1992_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1992 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1996 Democratic National Convention">1996 (Chicago)</a>: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">B. Clinton</a>/<a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Gore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1996_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1996 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2000 Democratic National Convention">2000 (Los Angeles)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Gore</a>/<a href="/wiki/Joe_Lieberman" title="Joe Lieberman">Lieberman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2000_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2000 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2004 Democratic National Convention">2004 (Boston)</a>: <a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">Kerry</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_Edwards" title="John Edwards">Edwards</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2004_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2004 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2008 Democratic National Convention">2008 (Denver)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Obama</a>/<a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Biden</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2012 Democratic National Convention">2012 (Charlotte)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Obama</a>/<a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Biden</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2012_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2012 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2016 Democratic National Convention">2016 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">H. Clinton</a>/<a href="/wiki/Tim_Kaine" title="Tim Kaine">Kaine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2016 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2020 Democratic National Convention">2020 (Milwaukee/other locations)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Biden</a>/<a href="/wiki/Kamala_Harris" title="Kamala Harris">Harris</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2024 Democratic National Convention">2024 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Kamala_Harris" title="Kamala Harris">Harris</a>/<a href="/wiki/Tim_Walz" title="Tim Walz">Walz</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2024_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2024 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B0CEFF;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">Presidential</a> <a href="/wiki/Administration_(government)" title="Administration (government)">administrations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Andrew_Jackson" title="Presidency of Andrew Jackson">Jackson</a> (1829–1837)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Martin_Van_Buren" title="Presidency of Martin Van Buren">Van Buren</a> (1837–1841)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_James_K._Polk" title="Presidency of James K. Polk">Polk</a> (1845–1849)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Franklin_Pierce" title="Presidency of Franklin Pierce">Pierce</a> (1853–1857)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_James_Buchanan" title="Presidency of James Buchanan">Buchanan</a> (1857–1861)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Presidency of Andrew Johnson">A. Johnson</a> (1868–1869)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidencies_of_Grover_Cleveland" title="Presidencies of Grover Cleveland">Cleveland</a> (1885–1889; 1893–1897)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Woodrow_Wilson" title="Presidency of Woodrow Wilson">Wilson</a> (1913–1921)</li> <li>Roosevelt (<a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt,_first_and_second_terms" title="Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, first and second terms">1933–1941</a>; <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt,_third_and_fourth_terms" title="Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt, third and fourth terms">1941–1945</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Harry_S._Truman" title="Presidency of Harry S. Truman">Truman</a> (1945–1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_John_F._Kennedy" title="Presidency of John F. Kennedy">Kennedy</a> (1961–1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson">L. B. Johnson</a> (1963–1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Jimmy_Carter" title="Presidency of Jimmy Carter">Carter</a> (1977–1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Presidency of Bill Clinton">Clinton</a> (1993–2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Barack_Obama" title="Presidency of Barack Obama">Obama</a> (2009–2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Joe_Biden" title="Presidency of Joe Biden">Biden</a> (2021–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B0CEFF;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives">U.S. House leaders</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_speakers_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="List of speakers of the United States House of Representatives">Speakers</a>, and <a href="/wiki/House_Democratic_Caucus" title="House Democratic Caucus">Caucus chairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Stevenson" title="Andrew Stevenson">A. Stevenson</a> (1827–1834)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bell_(Tennessee_politician)" title="John Bell (Tennessee politician)">Bell</a> (1834–1835)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_K._Polk" title="James K. Polk">Polk</a> (1835–1839)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Winston_Jones" title="John Winston Jones">J. W. Jones</a> (1843–1845)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wesley_Davis" title="John Wesley Davis">Davis</a> (1845–1847)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howell_Cobb" title="Howell Cobb">Cobb</a> (1849–1851)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linn_Boyd" title="Linn Boyd">Boyd</a> (1851–1855)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Jones_(Tennessee_politician)" title="George Washington Jones (Tennessee politician)">G. W. Jones</a> (1855–1857)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Lawrence_Orr" title="James Lawrence Orr">Orr</a> (1857–1859)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_S._Houston" title="George S. Houston">Houston</a> (1859–1861)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_E._Niblack" title="William E. Niblack">Niblack</a>/<a href="/wiki/Samuel_J._Randall" title="Samuel J. Randall">Randall</a> (1869–1871)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_E._Niblack" title="William E. Niblack">Niblack</a> (1873–1875)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_C._Kerr" title="Michael C. Kerr">Kerr</a> (1875–1876)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_J._Randall" title="Samuel J. Randall">Randall</a> (1876–1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_G._Carlisle" title="John G. Carlisle">Carlisle</a> (1883–1889)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_S._Holman" title="William S. Holman">Holman</a> (1889–1891)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Frederick_Crisp" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Frederick Crisp">Crisp</a> (1891–1895)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_B._Culberson" title="David B. Culberson">D. B. Culberson</a> (1895–1897)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_D._Richardson" title="James D. Richardson">Richardson</a> (1897–1903)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sharp_Williams" title="John Sharp Williams">Williams</a> (1903–1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champ_Clark" title="Champ Clark">Clark</a> (1909–1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Kitchin" title="Claude Kitchin">Kitchin</a> (1921–1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finis_J._Garrett" title="Finis J. Garrett">Garrett</a> (1923–1929)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Nance_Garner" title="John Nance Garner">Garner</a> (1929–1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Thomas_Rainey" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Thomas Rainey">Rainey</a> (1933–1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo_Byrns" title="Jo Byrns">Byrns</a> (1935–1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_B._Bankhead" title="William B. Bankhead">Bankhead</a> (1936–1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Rayburn" title="Sam Rayburn">Rayburn</a> (1940–1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._McCormack" title="John W. McCormack">McCormack</a> (1962–1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Albert" title="Carl Albert">Albert</a> (1971–1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tip_O%27Neill" title="Tip O'Neill">O'Neill</a> (1977–1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Wright" title="Jim Wright">Wright</a> (1987–1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Foley" title="Tom Foley">Foley</a> (1989–1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Gephardt" title="Dick Gephardt">Gephardt</a> (1995–2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Pelosi" title="Nancy Pelosi">Pelosi</a> (2003–2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakeem_Jeffries" title="Hakeem Jeffries">Jeffries</a> (2023–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B0CEFF;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Party leaders of the United States Senate">U.S. Senate leaders</a> and <a href="/wiki/Senate_Democratic_Caucus" title="Senate Democratic Caucus">Caucus chairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Stevenson" title="John W. Stevenson">J. W. Stevenson</a> (1873–1877)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_A._Wallace" title="William A. Wallace">Wallace</a> (1877–1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._Pendleton" title="George H. Pendleton">Pendleton</a> (1881–1885)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_B._Beck" title="James B. Beck">Beck</a> (1885–1890)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_P._Gorman" title="Arthur P. Gorman">Gorman</a> (1890–1898)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Turpie" title="David Turpie">Turpie</a> (1898–1899)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_K._Jones" title="James K. Jones">J. K. Jones</a> (1899–1903)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_P._Gorman" title="Arthur P. Gorman">Gorman</a> (1903–1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._C._S._Blackburn" title="J. C. S. Blackburn">Blackburn</a> (1906–1907)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Culberson" title="Charles A. Culberson">C. A. Culberson</a> (1907–1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hernando_Money" title="Hernando Money">Money</a> (1909–1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_S._Martin" title="Thomas S. Martin">Martin</a> (1911–1913)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Kern" title="John W. Kern">Kern</a> (1913–1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_S._Martin" title="Thomas S. Martin">Martin</a> (1917–1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Hitchcock" title="Gilbert Hitchcock">Hitchcock</a> (1919–1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Underwood" title="Oscar Underwood">Underwood</a> (1920–1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_T._Robinson" title="Joseph T. Robinson">Robinson</a> (1923–1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alben_W._Barkley" title="Alben W. Barkley">Barkley</a> (1937–1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_W._Lucas" title="Scott W. Lucas">Lucas</a> (1949–1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_McFarland" title="Ernest McFarland">McFarland</a> (1951–1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Johnson</a> (1953–1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Mansfield" title="Mike Mansfield">Mansfield</a> (1961–1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Byrd" title="Robert Byrd">Byrd</a> (1977–1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_J._Mitchell" title="George J. Mitchell">Mitchell</a> (1989–1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Daschle" title="Tom Daschle">Daschle</a> (1995–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Reid" title="Harry Reid">Reid</a> (2005–2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Schumer" title="Chuck Schumer">Schumer</a> (2017–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B0CEFF;;width:1%">Chairs of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_National_Committee" title="Democratic National Committee">DNC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_F._Hallett" title="Benjamin F. Hallett">Hallett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Milligan_McLane" title="Robert Milligan McLane">McLane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Allen_Smalley" title="David Allen Smalley">Smalley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_Belmont" title="August Belmont">Belmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_Schell" title="Augustus Schell">Schell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abram_Hewitt" title="Abram Hewitt">Hewitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Barnum" title="William Barnum">Barnum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvin_S._Brice" title="Calvin S. Brice">Brice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_F._Harrity" title="William F. Harrity">Harrity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_K._Jones" title="James K. Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Taggart" title="Thomas Taggart">Taggart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_E._Mack" title="Norman E. Mack">Mack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_F._McCombs" title="William F. McCombs">McCombs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vance_C._McCormick" title="Vance C. McCormick">McCormick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homer_Stille_Cummings" title="Homer Stille Cummings">Cummings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_White_(Ohio_politician)" title="George White (Ohio politician)">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cordell_Hull" title="Cordell Hull">Hull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clem_L._Shaver" title="Clem L. Shaver">Shaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Raskob" title="John J. Raskob">Raskob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Farley" title="James Farley">Farley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_J._Flynn" title="Edward J. Flynn">Flynn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_C._Walker" title="Frank C. Walker">Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_E._Hannegan" title="Robert E. Hannegan">Hannegan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Howard_McGrath" title="J. Howard McGrath">McGrath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_M._Boyle" title="William M. Boyle">Boyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_E._McKinney" title="Frank E. McKinney">McKinney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_A._Mitchell_(politician)" title="Stephen A. Mitchell (politician)">Mitchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Butler_(lawyer)" title="Paul Butler (lawyer)">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_M._Jackson" title="Henry M. Jackson">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Moran_Bailey" title="John Moran Bailey">Bailey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_O%27Brien" title="Larry O'Brien">O'Brien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_R._Harris" title="Fred R. Harris">Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_O%27Brien" title="Larry O'Brien">O'Brien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Westwood_(politician)" title="Jean Westwood (politician)">Westwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_S._Strauss" title="Robert S. Strauss">Strauss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_M._Curtis" title="Kenneth M. Curtis">Curtis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Coyle_White" title="John Coyle White">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Manatt" title="Charles Manatt">Manatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_G._Kirk" title="Paul G. Kirk">Kirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Brown" title="Ron Brown">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Wilhelm" title="David Wilhelm">Wilhelm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debra_DeLee" title="Debra DeLee">DeLee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Dodd" title="Chris Dodd">Dodd</a>/<a href="/wiki/Donald_Fowler" title="Donald Fowler">Fowler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Romer" title="Roy Romer">Romer</a>/<a href="/wiki/Steven_Grossman_(politician)" title="Steven Grossman (politician)">Grossman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Rendell" title="Ed Rendell">Rendell</a>/<a href="/wiki/Joe_Andrew" title="Joe Andrew">Andrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_McAuliffe" title="Terry McAuliffe">McAuliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Dean" title="Howard Dean">Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Kaine" title="Tim Kaine">Kaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debbie_Wasserman_Schultz" title="Debbie Wasserman Schultz">Wasserman Schultz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Perez" title="Tom Perez">Perez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaime_Harrison" title="Jaime Harrison">Harrison</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B0CEFF;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_parties_of_the_Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="List of state parties of the Democratic Party (United States)">State and territorial parties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alabama_Democratic_Party" title="Alabama Democratic Party">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Democratic_Party" title="Alaska Democratic Party">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Democratic_Party" title="Arizona Democratic Party">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_Arkansas" title="Democratic Party of Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Democratic_Party" title="California Democratic Party">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Democratic_Party" title="Colorado Democratic Party">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_Connecticut" title="Democratic Party of Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delaware_Democratic_Party" title="Delaware Democratic Party">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida_Democratic_Party" title="Florida Democratic Party">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_Georgia" title="Democratic Party of Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_Hawaii" title="Democratic Party of Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idaho_Democratic_Party" title="Idaho Democratic Party">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_Illinois" title="Democratic Party of Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Democratic_Party" title="Indiana Democratic Party">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iowa_Democratic_Party" title="Iowa Democratic Party">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_Democratic_Party" title="Kansas Democratic Party">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Democratic_Party" title="Kentucky Democratic Party">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Democratic_Party" title="Louisiana Democratic Party">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maine_Democratic_Party" title="Maine Democratic Party">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryland_Democratic_Party" title="Maryland Democratic Party">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Democratic_Party" title="Massachusetts Democratic Party">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michigan_Democratic_Party" title="Michigan Democratic Party">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Democratic%E2%80%93Farmer%E2%80%93Labor_Party" title="Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_Democratic_Party" title="Mississippi Democratic Party">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missouri_Democratic_Party" title="Missouri Democratic Party">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montana_Democratic_Party" title="Montana Democratic Party">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebraska_Democratic_Party" title="Nebraska Democratic Party">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevada_Democratic_Party" title="Nevada Democratic Party">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire_Democratic_Party" title="New Hampshire Democratic Party">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Democratic_State_Committee" title="New Jersey Democratic State Committee">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_New_Mexico" title="Democratic Party of New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Democratic_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="New York State Democratic Committee">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_Democratic_Party" title="North Carolina Democratic Party">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Democratic%E2%80%93Nonpartisan_League_Party" title="North Dakota Democratic–Nonpartisan League Party">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_Democratic_Party" title="Ohio Democratic Party">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_Democratic_Party" title="Oklahoma Democratic Party">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_Oregon" title="Democratic Party of Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Democratic_Party" title="Pennsylvania Democratic Party">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island_Democratic_Party" title="Rhode Island Democratic Party">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina_Democratic_Party" title="South Carolina Democratic Party">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_Democratic_Party" title="South Dakota Democratic Party">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Democratic_Party" title="Tennessee Democratic Party">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Democratic_Party" title="Texas Democratic Party">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utah_Democratic_Party" title="Utah Democratic Party">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vermont_Democratic_Party" title="Vermont Democratic Party">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_Virginia" title="Democratic Party of Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_State_Democratic_Party" title="Washington State Democratic Party">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia_Democratic_Party" title="West Virginia Democratic Party">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_Wisconsin" title="Democratic Party of Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyoming_Democratic_Party" title="Wyoming Democratic Party">Wyoming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Samoa_Democratic_Party" title="American Samoa Democratic Party">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia_Democratic_State_Committee" title="District of Columbia Democratic State Committee">District of Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_Guam" title="Democratic Party of Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Northern_Mariana_Islands)" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Party (Northern Mariana Islands)">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Puerto_Rico)" title="Democratic Party (Puerto Rico)">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_of_the_Virgin_Islands" title="Democratic Party of the Virgin Islands">Virgin Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democrats_Abroad" title="Democrats Abroad">Democrats Abroad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B0CEFF;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)_organizations" title="Democratic Party (United States) organizations">Affiliated groups</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B0CEFF;;width:1%">Congress</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Democratic_Caucus" title="Senate Democratic Caucus">Senate Caucus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Democratic_Policy_Committee" title="United States Senate Democratic Policy Committee">Policy Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Democratic_Steering_and_Outreach_Committee" title="United States Senate Democratic Steering and Outreach Committee">Steering and Outreach Committee</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_Democratic_Caucus" title="House Democratic Caucus">House Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Factions_in_the_Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Factions in the Democratic Party (United States)">Factions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Dog_Coalition" title="Blue Dog Coalition">Blue Dog Coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Progressive_Caucus" title="Congressional Progressive Caucus">Congressional Progressive Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_Democrats" title="Justice Democrats">Justice Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Democrat_Coalition" title="New Democrat Coalition">New Democrat Coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Problem_Solvers_Caucus" title="Problem Solvers Caucus">Problem Solvers Caucus</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B0CEFF;;width:1%">Fundraising</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Attorneys_General_Association" title="Democratic Attorneys General Association">Democratic Attorneys General Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Congressional_Campaign_Committee" title="Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee">Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Governors_Association" title="Democratic Governors Association">Democratic Governors Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Legislative_Campaign_Committee" title="Democratic Legislative Campaign Committee">Democratic Legislative Campaign Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Senatorial_Campaign_Committee" title="Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee">Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Conference_of_Democratic_Mayors" title="National Conference of Democratic Mayors">National Conference of Democratic Mayors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Democratic_Redistricting_Committee" title="National Democratic Redistricting Committee">National Democratic Redistricting Committee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B0CEFF;;width:1%">Sectional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/College_Democrats_of_America" title="College Democrats of America">College Democrats of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democrats_Abroad" title="Democrats Abroad">Democrats Abroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Federation_of_Democratic_Women" title="National Federation of Democratic Women">National Federation of Democratic Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stonewall_Democrats" title="Stonewall Democrats">Stonewall Democrats</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stonewall_Young_Democrats" title="Stonewall Young Democrats">Stonewall Young Democrats</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Democrats_of_America" title="Young Democrats of America">Young Democrats of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_School_Democrats_of_America" title="High School Democrats of America">High School Democrats of America</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#B0CEFF;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="List of Democratic Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Democratic_Party_presidential_candidates" title="List of United States Democratic Party presidential candidates">Presidential candidates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_presidential_debates" title="Democratic Party presidential debates">Debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superdelegate" title="Superdelegate">Superdelegate</a></li> <li>Chairmanship elections <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2005_Democratic_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2005 Democratic National Committee chairmanship election">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Democratic_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2017 Democratic National Committee chairmanship election">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Democratic_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2021 Democratic National Committee chairmanship election">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2025_Democratic_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2025 Democratic National Committee chairmanship election">2025</a></li></ul></li> <li>House caucus leadership elections <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2006_United_States_House_of_Representatives_Democratic_Caucus_leadership_election" title="2006 United States House of Representatives Democratic Caucus leadership election">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_United_States_House_of_Representatives_Democratic_Caucus_leadership_election" title="2018 United States House of Representatives Democratic Caucus leadership election">2018</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weekly_Democratic_Address" title="Weekly Democratic Address">Weekly Democratic Address</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Bill_Clinton" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bill_Clinton" title="Template:Bill Clinton"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bill_Clinton" title="Template talk:Bill Clinton"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bill_Clinton" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bill Clinton"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bill_Clinton" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bill Clinton</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">42nd</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a> (1993–2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Arkansas" title="List of governors of Arkansas">40th and 42nd Governor of Arkansas</a> (1979–1981, 1983–1992)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Presidency of Bill Clinton">Presidency</a> (<a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bill_Clinton_presidency" title="Timeline of the Bill Clinton presidency">timeline</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Presidential transition of Bill Clinton">Transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Bill_Clinton" title="First inauguration of Bill Clinton">1st inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Second inauguration of Bill Clinton">2nd inauguration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bill_Clinton_presidency" title="Timeline of the Bill Clinton presidency">Timeline</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bill_Clinton_presidency_(1993)" title="Timeline of the Bill Clinton presidency (1993)">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bill_Clinton_presidency_(1994)" title="Timeline of the Bill Clinton presidency (1994)">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bill_Clinton_presidency_(1995)" title="Timeline of the Bill Clinton presidency (1995)">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bill_Clinton_presidency_(1996)" title="Timeline of the Bill Clinton presidency (1996)">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bill_Clinton_presidency_(1997)" title="Timeline of the Bill Clinton presidency (1997)">1997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bill_Clinton_presidency_(1998)" title="Timeline of the Bill Clinton presidency (1998)">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bill_Clinton_presidency_(1999)" title="Timeline of the Bill Clinton presidency (1999)">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bill_Clinton_presidency_(2000%E2%80%932001)" title="Timeline of the Bill Clinton presidency (2000–2001)">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bill_Clinton_presidency_(2000%E2%80%932001)#January_2001" title="Timeline of the Bill Clinton presidency (2000–2001)">January 2001</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_policy_of_the_Bill_Clinton_administration" title="Economic policy of the Bill Clinton administration">Economic policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AmeriCorps" title="AmeriCorps">AmeriCorps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_health_care_plan_of_1993" title="Clinton health care plan of 1993">Health care plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="North American Free Trade Agreement">North American Free Trade Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balanced_Budget_Act_of_1997" title="Balanced Budget Act of 1997">Balanced Budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_Bill_Clinton_administration" title="Foreign policy of the Bill Clinton administration">Foreign policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_presidential_trips_made_by_Bill_Clinton" title="List of international presidential trips made by Bill Clinton">International trips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_Doctrine" title="Clinton Doctrine">Clinton Doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oslo_I_Accord" title="Oslo I Accord">Oslo I Accord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Jordan_peace_treaty" title="Israel–Jordan peace treaty">Israel–Jordan peace treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayton_Agreement" title="Dayton Agreement">Dayton Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Camp_David_Summit" title="2000 Camp David Summit">2000 Camp David Summit</a></li> <li>Cruise missile strikes on Iraq <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1993_cruise_missile_strikes_on_Iraq" title="1993 cruise missile strikes on Iraq">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_cruise_missile_strikes_on_Iraq" title="1996 cruise missile strikes on Iraq">1996</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Infinite_Reach" title="Operation Infinite Reach">Operation Infinite Reach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO_bombing_of_Yugoslavia" title="NATO bombing of Yugoslavia">Bombing of Yugoslavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_Iraq_(1998)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombing of Iraq (1998)">Bombing of Iraq (1998)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Highway_System_(United_States)" title="National Highway System (United States)">National Highway System Designation Act of 1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_Equity_Act_for_the_21st_Century" title="Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century">Transportation Equity Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_America_Initiative" title="One America Initiative">One America Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riegle-Neal_Interstate_Banking_and_Branching_Efficiency_Act_of_1994" class="mw-redirect" title="Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act of 1994">Riegle-Neal Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gramm%E2%80%93Leach%E2%80%93Bliley_Act" title="Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act">Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lead-based_paint_in_the_United_States" title="Lead-based paint in the United States">Lead-Based Paint Disclosure Regulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safe_Drinking_Water_Act" title="Safe Drinking Water Act">Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments of 1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_Act_of_1996" title="Telecommunications Act of 1996">Telecommunications Act of 1996</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communications_Decency_Act" title="Communications Decency Act">Communications Decency Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Section_230" title="Section 230">Section 230</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nannygate" title="Nannygate">Nannygate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Bedroom_for_contributors_controversy" title="Lincoln Bedroom for contributors controversy">Lincoln Bedroom for contributors controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commerce_Department_trade_mission_controversy" title="Commerce Department trade mission controversy">Commerce Department trade mission controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_campaign_finance_controversy" title="1996 United States campaign finance controversy">1996 United States campaign finance controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton%E2%80%93Lewinsky_scandal" title="Clinton–Lewinsky scandal">Clinton–Lewinsky scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starr_Report" title="Starr Report">Starr Report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Impeachment of Bill Clinton">Impeachment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Bill_Clinton" title="Efforts to impeach Bill Clinton">efforts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_inquiry_against_Bill_Clinton" class="mw-redirect" title="Impeachment inquiry against Bill Clinton">inquiry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_trial_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Impeachment trial of Bill Clinton">trial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Millennium_Council" title="White House Millennium Council">White House Millennium Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_pardon_controversy" title="Bill Clinton pardon controversy">Pardons</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_pardoned_by_Bill_Clinton" title="List of people pardoned by Bill Clinton">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Bill_Clinton#Administration" title="Presidency of Bill Clinton">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Bill_Clinton" title="List of federal judges appointed by Bill Clinton">Judicial appointments</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_Supreme_Court_candidates" title="Bill Clinton Supreme Court candidates">Supreme Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_judicial_appointment_controversies" title="Bill Clinton judicial appointment controversies">controversies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:William_Jefferson_Clinton/Executive_orders" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Author:William Jefferson Clinton/Executive orders">Executive Orders</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:William_Jefferson_Clinton/Presidential_Proclamations" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Author:William Jefferson Clinton/Presidential Proclamations">Presidential Proclamations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_George_W._Bush" title="Presidential transition of George W. Bush">Presidential transition of George W. Bush</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Bill_Clinton.jpg/100px-Bill_Clinton.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Bill_Clinton.jpg/150px-Bill_Clinton.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Bill_Clinton.jpg/200px-Bill_Clinton.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2299" data-file-height="3000" /> <a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_President_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2424" data-file-height="2425" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life and legacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_William_Jefferson_Clinton_Birthplace_Home_National_Historic_Site" title="President William Jefferson Clinton Birthplace Home National Historic Site">Childhood home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_life_and_career_of_Bill_Clinton" class="mw-redirect" title="Early life and career of Bill Clinton">Early life and career</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governorships_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Governorships of Bill Clinton">Governorships of Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_Presidential_Center" title="Clinton Presidential Center">Presidential Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-presidency_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Post-presidency of Bill Clinton">Post-presidency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_Foundation" title="Clinton Foundation">Clinton Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_School_of_Public_Service" title="Clinton School of Public Service">Clinton School of Public Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_Bush_Haiti_Fund" title="Clinton Bush Haiti Fund">Clinton Bush Haiti Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Constitution_Center#NCC_and_presidents" title="National Constitution Center">Chairman, National Constitution Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_honors_and_awards_received_by_Bill_Clinton" class="mw-redirect" title="List of honors and awards received by Bill Clinton">Honors and awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_image_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Public image of Bill Clinton">Public image</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troopergate_(Bill_Clinton)" title="Troopergate (Bill Clinton)">Troopergate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_sexual_misconduct_allegations" class="mw-redirect" title="Bill Clinton sexual misconduct allegations">Sexual misconduct allegations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitewater_controversy" title="Whitewater controversy">Whitewater controversy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Speeches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/February_1993_Bill_Clinton_speech_to_a_joint_session_of_Congress" title="February 1993 Bill Clinton speech to a joint session of Congress">Joint session of Congress</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_1993_Bill_Clinton_speech_to_a_joint_session_of_Congress" title="September 1993 Bill Clinton speech to a joint session of Congress">Joint session of Congress (health care reform)</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_the_Union" title="State of the Union">State of the Union addresses</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1994_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1994 State of the Union Address">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1995 State of the Union Address">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1996 State of the Union Address">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1997 State of the Union Address">1997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1998 State of the Union Address">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="1999 State of the Union Address">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="2000 State of the Union Address">2000</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Electoral history of Bill Clinton">Elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">U.S. House</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1974_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1974 United States House of Representatives elections">1974</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gubernatorial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1978_Arkansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1978 Arkansas gubernatorial election">1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Arkansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1980 Arkansas gubernatorial election">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_Arkansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1982 Arkansas gubernatorial election">1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Arkansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1984 Arkansas gubernatorial election">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_Arkansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1986 Arkansas gubernatorial election">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Arkansas_gubernatorial_election" title="1990 Arkansas gubernatorial election">1990</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidential</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_1992_presidential_campaign" title="Bill Clinton 1992 presidential campaign">1992 campaign</a> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again" title="Make America Great Again">Make America Great Again</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1992 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Democratic_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection" title="1992 Democratic Party vice presidential candidate selection">running mate selection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1992 Democratic National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_debates" title="1992 United States presidential debates">debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_election" title="1992 United States presidential election">election</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Don%27t_Stop_(Fleetwood_Mac_song)#Political_significance" title="Don't Stop (Fleetwood Mac song)">theme song</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_1996_presidential_campaign" title="Bill Clinton 1996 presidential campaign">1996 campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1996_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1996 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1996 Democratic National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_debates" title="1996 United States presidential debates">debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="1996 United States presidential election">election</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Bibliography of Bill Clinton">Books</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Between_Hope_and_History" title="Between Hope and History">Between Hope and History (1996)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/My_Life_(Clinton_autobiography)" title="My Life (Clinton autobiography)">My Life (2004)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giving:_How_Each_of_Us_Can_Change_the_World" title="Giving: How Each of Us Can Change the World">Giving: How Each of Us Can Change the World (2007)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Back_to_Work_(book)" title="Back to Work (book)">Back to Work (2011)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_President_Is_Missing_(novel)" title="The President Is Missing (novel)">The President Is Missing (2018)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_President%27s_Daughter_(novel)" title="The President's Daughter (novel)">The President's Daughter (2021)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Namesakes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Jefferson_Clinton_Federal_Building" title="William Jefferson Clinton Federal Building">William Jefferson Clinton Federal Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_Boulevard" title="Bill Clinton Boulevard">Bill Clinton Boulevard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_National_Airport" title="Clinton National Airport">Clinton National Airport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Popular culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saturday_Night_Live_parodies_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Saturday Night Live parodies of Bill Clinton">Saturday Night Live parodies of Bill Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_War_Room" title="The War Room">The War Room (1993 documentary)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Silence_of_the_Hams" title="The Silence of the Hams">The Silence of the Hams (1994 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primary_Colors_(film)" title="Primary Colors (film)">Primary Colors (1998 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Final_Days_(2000_film)" title="The Final Days (2000 film)">The Final Days (2000 short film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hunting_of_the_President" title="The Hunting of the President">The Hunting of the President (2004 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Special_Relationship_(film)" title="The Special Relationship (film)">The Special Relationship (2010 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_(film)" title="Clinton (film)">Clinton (2012 film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillary_and_Clinton" title="Hillary and Clinton">Hillary and Clinton (2016 play)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impeachment:_American_Crime_Story" title="Impeachment: American Crime Story">Impeachment: American Crime Story (2021 miniseries)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_American_Presidency_with_Bill_Clinton_(TV_series)" title="The American Presidency with Bill Clinton (TV series)">The American Presidency with Bill Clinton (2022 documentary series)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Clinton_family" title="Clinton family">Family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Rodham Clinton</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelsea_Clinton" title="Chelsea Clinton">Chelsea Clinton</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Jefferson_Blythe_Jr." title="William Jefferson Blythe Jr.">William Jefferson Blythe Jr.</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Clinton_Kelley" title="Virginia Clinton Kelley">Virginia Clinton Kelley</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Clinton_Sr." title="Roger Clinton Sr.">Roger Clinton Sr.</a> (first stepfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Clinton_Jr." title="Roger Clinton Jr.">Roger Clinton Jr.</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Dwire" title="Jeff Dwire">Jeff Dwire</a> (second stepfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socks_(cat)" title="Socks (cat)">Socks</a> (cat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_(Bill_Clinton%27s_dog)" title="Buddy (Bill Clinton's dog)">Buddy</a> (dog)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitehaven_(house)" title="Whitehaven (house)">Whitehaven</a> (residence)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">← George H. W. Bush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush →</a></li></ul> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Bill_Clinton" title="Category:Bill Clinton">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Order_of_precedence_in_the_United_States*" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_Order_of_Precedence" title="Template:US Order of Precedence"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_Order_of_Precedence" title="Template talk:US Order of Precedence"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_Order_of_Precedence" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US Order of Precedence"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Order_of_precedence_in_the_United_States*" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_order_of_precedence" title="United States order of precedence">Order of precedence in the United States</a>*</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a> <a href="/wiki/Kamala_Harris" title="Kamala Harris">Kamala Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_governors" title="List of current United States governors">Governor (of the state in which the event is held)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Speaker of the United States House of Representatives">House Speaker</a> <a href="/wiki/Mike_Johnson" title="Mike Johnson">Mike Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_the_United_States" title="Chief Justice of the United States">Chief Justice</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Roberts" title="John Roberts">John Roberts</a></li> <li>Former President <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a></li> <li>Former President <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bill Clinton</a></li> <li>Former President <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a></li> <li>Former President <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a></li> <li>Former President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a></li> <li>Former Vice President <a href="/wiki/Dan_Quayle" title="Dan Quayle">Dan Quayle</a></li> <li>Former Vice President <a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a></li> <li>Former Vice President <a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Dick Cheney</a></li> <li>Former Vice President <a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">Mike Pence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambassadors_of_the_United_States" title="Ambassadors of the United States">Ambassadors of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a> <a href="/wiki/Antony_Blinken" title="Antony Blinken">Antony Blinken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Associate_Justice_of_the_Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States">Associate Justices</a></li> <li>Retired Associate Justice <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Kennedy" title="Anthony Kennedy">Anthony Kennedy</a></li> <li>Retired Associate Justice <a href="/wiki/David_Souter" title="David Souter">David Souter</a></li> <li>Retired Associate Justice <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Breyer" title="Stephen Breyer">Stephen Breyer</a></li> <li>Members of the <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_States" title="Cabinet of the United States">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_pro_tempore_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="President pro tempore of the United States Senate">Senate President pro tempore</a> <a href="/wiki/Patty_Murray" title="Patty Murray">Patty Murray</a></li> <li>Members of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_senators" title="List of current United States senators">Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_governors" title="List of current United States governors">Governors of the States (by order of statehood)</a></li> <li>Members of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_current_members_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="List of current members of the United States House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>*not including acting officeholders, visiting dignitaries, auxiliary executive and military personnel and most diplomats</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cabinet_of_President_Bill_Clinton_(1993–2001)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Clinton_cabinet" title="Template:Clinton cabinet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Clinton_cabinet" title="Template talk:Clinton cabinet"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Clinton_cabinet" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Clinton cabinet"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cabinet_of_President_Bill_Clinton_(1993–2001)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_States" title="Cabinet of the United States">Cabinet</a> of <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bill Clinton</a> (1993–2001)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="Cabinet" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Cabinet</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a> (1993–2001) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vice_presidency_of_Al_Gore" title="Vice presidency of Al Gore">tenure</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="15" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Bill_Clinton.jpg/100px-Bill_Clinton.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Bill_Clinton.jpg/150px-Bill_Clinton.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Bill_Clinton.jpg/200px-Bill_Clinton.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2299" data-file-height="3000" /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Christopher" title="Warren Christopher">Warren Christopher</a> (1993–1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madeleine_Albright" title="Madeleine Albright">Madeleine Albright</a> (1997–2001)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">Secretary of the Treasury</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Bentsen" title="Lloyd Bentsen">Lloyd Bentsen</a> (1993–1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Rubin" title="Robert Rubin">Robert Rubin</a> (1995–1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Summers" title="Lawrence Summers">Lawrence Summers</a> (1999–2001)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Defense" title="United States Secretary of Defense">Secretary of Defense</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Les_Aspin" title="Les Aspin">Les Aspin</a> (1993–1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Perry" title="William J. Perry">William J. Perry</a> (1994–1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Cohen" title="William Cohen">William Cohen</a> (1997–2001)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">Attorney General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Reno" title="Janet Reno">Janet Reno</a> (1993–2001)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Interior" title="United States Secretary of the Interior">Secretary of the Interior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Babbitt" title="Bruce Babbitt">Bruce Babbitt</a> (1993–2001)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Agriculture" title="United States Secretary of Agriculture">Secretary of Agriculture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Espy" title="Mike Espy">Mike Espy</a> (1993–1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Glickman" title="Dan Glickman">Dan Glickman</a> (1995–2001)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Commerce" title="United States Secretary of Commerce">Secretary of Commerce</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Brown" title="Ron Brown">Ron Brown</a> (1993–1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mickey_Kantor" title="Mickey Kantor">Mickey Kantor</a> (1996–1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_M._Daley" title="William M. Daley">William M. Daley</a> (1997–2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Mineta" title="Norman Mineta">Norman Mineta</a> (2000–2001)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Labor" title="United States Secretary of Labor">Secretary of Labor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Reich" title="Robert Reich">Robert Reich</a> (1993–1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexis_Herman" title="Alexis Herman">Alexis Herman</a> (1997–2001)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Health_and_Human_Services" title="United States Secretary of Health and Human Services">Secretary of Health and Human Services</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donna_Shalala" title="Donna Shalala">Donna Shalala</a> (1993–2001)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development" title="United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development">Secretary of Housing and Urban Development</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Cisneros" title="Henry Cisneros">Henry Cisneros</a> (1993–1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Cuomo" title="Andrew Cuomo">Andrew Cuomo</a> (1997–2001)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Transportation" title="United States Secretary of Transportation">Secretary of Transportation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federico_Pe%C3%B1a" title="Federico Peña">Federico Peña</a> (1993–1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodney_E._Slater" title="Rodney E. Slater">Rodney E. Slater</a> (1997–2001)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Energy" title="United States Secretary of Energy">Secretary of Energy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hazel_R._O%27Leary" title="Hazel R. O'Leary">Hazel R. O'Leary</a> (1993–1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federico_Pe%C3%B1a" title="Federico Peña">Federico Peña</a> (1997–1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Richardson" title="Bill Richardson">Bill Richardson</a> (1998–2001)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Education" title="United States Secretary of Education">Secretary of Education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Riley" title="Richard Riley">Richard Riley</a> (1993–2001)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Veterans_Affairs" title="United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs">Secretary of Veterans Affairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Brown" title="Jesse Brown">Jesse Brown</a> (1993–1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togo_D._West_Jr." title="Togo D. West Jr.">Togo D. West Jr.</a> (1998–2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Cabinet-level" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Cabinet-level</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Administrator_of_the_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency">Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carol_Browner" title="Carol Browner">Carol Browner</a> (1993–2001)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Management_and_Budget" title="Office of Management and Budget">Director of the Office of Management and Budget</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Panetta" title="Leon Panetta">Leon Panetta</a> (1993–1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Rivlin" title="Alice Rivlin">Alice Rivlin</a> (1994–1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Raines" title="Franklin Raines">Franklin Raines</a> (1996–1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Lew" title="Jack Lew">Jack Lew</a> (1998–2001)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Director_of_Central_Intelligence" title="Director of Central Intelligence">Director of Central Intelligence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Deutch" title="John M. Deutch">John M. Deutch</a> (1995–1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Tenet" title="George Tenet">George Tenet</a> (1996–2001)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_United_States_Trade_Representative" title="Office of the United States Trade Representative">Trade Representative</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mickey_Kantor" title="Mickey Kantor">Mickey Kantor</a> (1993–1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlene_Barshefsky" title="Charlene Barshefsky">Charlene Barshefsky</a> (1996–2001)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_the_United_Nations" title="List of ambassadors of the United States to the United Nations">Ambassador to the United Nations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Madeleine_Albright" title="Madeleine Albright">Madeleine Albright</a> (1993–1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Richardson" title="Bill Richardson">Bill Richardson</a> (1997–1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Holbrooke" title="Richard Holbrooke">Richard Holbrooke</a> (1999–2001)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Economic_Advisers" title="Council of Economic Advisers">Chair of the Council of Economic Advisers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laura_Tyson" title="Laura Tyson">Laura Tyson</a> (1993–1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stiglitz" title="Joseph Stiglitz">Joseph Stiglitz</a> (1995–1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Yellen" title="Janet Yellen">Janet Yellen</a> (1997–1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Neil_Baily" title="Martin Neil Baily">Martin Neil Baily</a> (1999–2001)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Administrator_of_the_Small_Business_Administration" title="Administrator of the Small Business Administration">Administrator of the Small Business Administration</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Lader" title="Philip Lader">Philip Lader</a> (1994–1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aida_%C3%81lvarez" title="Aida Álvarez">Aida Álvarez</a> (1997–2001)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Federal_Emergency_Management_Agency" title="Federal Emergency Management Agency">Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Lee_Witt" title="James Lee Witt">James Lee Witt</a> (1993–2001)*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Office_of_National_Drug_Control_Policy" title="Office of National Drug Control Policy">Director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lee_P._Brown" title="Lee P. Brown">Lee P. Brown</a> (1993–1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_McCaffrey" title="Barry McCaffrey">Barry McCaffrey</a> (1996–2001)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/White_House_Chief_of_Staff" title="White House Chief of Staff">White House Chief of Staff</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mack_McLarty" title="Mack McLarty">Mack McLarty</a> (1993–1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Panetta" title="Leon Panetta">Leon Panetta</a> (1994–1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erskine_Bowles" title="Erskine Bowles">Erskine Bowles</a> (1997–1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Podesta" title="John Podesta">John Podesta</a> (1998–2001)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>* took office in 1993, raised to cabinet-rank in 1996</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Governors_of_Arkansas" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Governors_of_Arkansas" title="Template:Governors of Arkansas"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Governors_of_Arkansas" title="Template talk:Governors of Arkansas"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Governors_of_Arkansas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Governors of Arkansas"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Governors_of_Arkansas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Arkansas" title="List of governors of Arkansas">Governors of Arkansas</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Territory" title="Arkansas Territory">Territorial</a> (1819–1836)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Miller_(general)" title="James Miller (general)">J. Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Izard" title="George Izard">Izard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Pope_(Kentucky_politician)" title="John Pope (Kentucky politician)">Pope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_S._Fulton" title="William S. Fulton">Fulton</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Seal_of_Arkansas.svg/85px-Seal_of_Arkansas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Seal_of_Arkansas.svg/128px-Seal_of_Arkansas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Seal_of_Arkansas.svg/170px-Seal_of_Arkansas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="396" data-file-height="396" /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arkansas" title="Arkansas">State</a> (from 1836)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Sevier_Conway" title="James Sevier Conway">J. Conway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Yell" title="Archibald Yell">Yell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Adams_(Arkansas_politician)" title="Samuel Adams (Arkansas politician)">Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Stevenson_Drew" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Stevenson Drew">Drew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_C._Byrd" title="Richard C. Byrd">Byrd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Selden_Roane" title="John Selden Roane">Roane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elias_Nelson_Conway" title="Elias Nelson Conway">E. Conway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Massey_Rector" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Massey Rector">Rector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Fletcher_(Arkansas_politician)" title="Thomas Fletcher (Arkansas politician)">Fletcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harris_Flanagin" title="Harris Flanagin">Flanagin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Murphy" title="Isaac Murphy">Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powell_Clayton" title="Powell Clayton">Clayton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozra_Amander_Hadley" title="Ozra Amander Hadley">Hadley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elisha_Baxter" title="Elisha Baxter">Baxter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_Hill_Garland" class="mw-redirect" title="Augustus Hill Garland">Garland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Read_Miller" title="William Read Miller">W. Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_James_Churchill" title="Thomas James Churchill">Churchill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_H._Berry" title="James H. Berry">Berry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_P._Hughes_Jr." title="Simon P. Hughes Jr.">Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Philip_Eagle" title="James Philip Eagle">Eagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Meade_Fishback" title="William Meade Fishback">Fishback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_P._Clarke" title="James P. Clarke">Clarke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Webster_Jones_(governor)" title="Daniel Webster Jones (governor)">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Davis_(Arkansas_governor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeff Davis (Arkansas governor)">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sebastian_Little" class="mw-redirect" title="John Sebastian Little">Little</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Isaac_Moore" title="John Isaac Moore">Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenophon_Overton_Pindall" title="Xenophon Overton Pindall">Pindall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_M._Martin" title="Jesse M. Martin">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Donaghey" title="George Washington Donaghey">Donaghey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_T._Robinson" title="Joseph T. Robinson">Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Kavanaugh_Oldham" title="William Kavanaugh Oldham">Oldham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junius_Marion_Futrell" title="Junius Marion Futrell">Futrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Hays" title="George Washington Hays">Hays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Hillman_Brough" title="Charles Hillman Brough">Brough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Chipman_McRae" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Chipman McRae">McRae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Terral" title="Tom Terral">Terral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ellis_Martineau" title="John Ellis Martineau">Martineau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Parnell" title="Harvey Parnell">Parnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junius_Marion_Futrell" title="Junius Marion Futrell">Futrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_E._Bailey" title="Carl E. Bailey">Bailey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homer_Martin_Adkins" title="Homer Martin Adkins">Adkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_T._Laney" title="Benjamin T. Laney">Laney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sid_McMath" title="Sid McMath">McMath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Cherry_(governor)" title="Francis Cherry (governor)">Cherry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orval_Faubus" title="Orval Faubus">Faubus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winthrop_Rockefeller" title="Winthrop Rockefeller">Rockefeller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dale_Bumpers" title="Dale Bumpers">Bumpers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_C._Riley" title="Bob C. Riley">Riley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Pryor" title="David Pryor">Pryor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Purcell" title="Joe Purcell">Purcell</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_D._White" title="Frank D. White">White</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Guy_Tucker" title="Jim Guy Tucker">Tucker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Huckabee" title="Mike Huckabee">Huckabee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Beebe" title="Mike Beebe">Beebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asa_Hutchinson" title="Asa Hutchinson">Hutchinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Huckabee_Sanders" title="Sarah Huckabee Sanders">Huckabee Sanders</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li>Italics indicates acting governor.</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chairs_of_the_National_Governors_Association" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_Governors_Association_chairs" title="Template:National Governors Association chairs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_Governors_Association_chairs" title="Template talk:National Governors Association chairs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_Governors_Association_chairs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National Governors Association chairs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chairs_of_the_National_Governors_Association" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Chairs of the <a href="/wiki/National_Governors_Association" title="National Governors Association">National Governors Association</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_E._Willson" title="Augustus E. Willson">Willson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_E._McGovern" title="Francis E. McGovern">McGovern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_I._Walsh" title="David I. Walsh">Walsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Spry" title="William Spry">Spry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Capper" title="Arthur Capper">Capper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emerson_Harrington" title="Emerson Harrington">Harrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_J._Allen" title="Henry J. Allen">Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Cameron_Sproul" title="William Cameron Sproul">Sproul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Channing_H._Cox" title="Channing H. Cox">Cox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elbert_Lee_Trinkle" title="Elbert Lee Trinkle">Trinkle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen_Brewster" title="Owen Brewster">Brewster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_McMullen" title="Adam McMullen">McMullen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Dern" title="George Dern">Dern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_S._Case" title="Norman S. Case">Case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Garland_Pollard" title="John Garland Pollard">Pollard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Rolph" title="James Rolph">Rolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_V._McNutt" title="Paul V. McNutt">McNutt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_C._Peery" title="George C. Peery">Peery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Leroy_Cochran" title="Robert Leroy Cochran">Cochran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_C._Stark" title="Lloyd C. Stark">Stark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Vanderbilt_III" title="William Henry Vanderbilt III">Vanderbilt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Stassen" title="Harold Stassen">Stassen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_O%27Conor" title="Herbert O'Conor">O'Conor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leverett_Saltonstall" title="Leverett Saltonstall">Saltonstall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_B._Maw" title="Herbert B. Maw">Maw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Martin_(Pennsylvania_politician)" title="Edward Martin (Pennsylvania politician)">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millard_Caldwell" title="Millard Caldwell">Caldwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horace_Hildreth" title="Horace Hildreth">Hildreth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lester_C._Hunt" title="Lester C. Hunt">Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Preston_Lane_Jr." title="William Preston Lane Jr.">Lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Carlson" title="Frank Carlson">Carlson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Lausche" title="Frank Lausche">Lausche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Val_Peterson" title="Val Peterson">Peterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allan_Shivers" title="Allan Shivers">Shivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_I._J._Thornton" title="Daniel I. J. Thornton">Thornton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennon" title="Robert F. Kennon">Kennon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_B._Langlie" title="Arthur B. Langlie">Langlie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_B._Stanley" title="Thomas B. Stanley">Stanley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Stratton" title="William Stratton">Stratton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LeRoy_Collins" title="LeRoy Collins">Collins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Caleb_Boggs" title="J. Caleb Boggs">Boggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_McNichols" title="Stephen McNichols">McNichols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wesley_Powell" title="Wesley Powell">Powell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Rosellini" title="Albert Rosellini">Rosellini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Anderson_Jr." title="John Anderson Jr.">Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grant_Sawyer" title="Grant Sawyer">Sawyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_H._Reed" title="John H. Reed">Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_L._Guy" title="William L. Guy">Guy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_A._Volpe" title="John A. Volpe">Volpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buford_Ellington" title="Buford Ellington">Ellington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Arthur_Love" title="John Arthur Love">Love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_E._Hearnes" title="Warren E. Hearnes">Hearnes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arch_A._Moore_Jr." title="Arch A. Moore Jr.">Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marvin_Mandel" title="Marvin Mandel">Mandel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_J._Evans" title="Daniel J. Evans">Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cal_Rampton" title="Cal Rampton">Rampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_D._Ray" title="Robert D. Ray">Ray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cecil_Andrus" title="Cecil Andrus">Andrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reubin_Askew" title="Reubin Askew">Askew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Milliken" title="William Milliken">Milliken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Carroll" title="Julian Carroll">Carroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otis_Bowen" title="Otis Bowen">Bowen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Busbee" title="George Busbee">Busbee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_A._Snelling" title="Richard A. Snelling">Snelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_M._Matheson" title="Scott M. Matheson">Matheson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_R._Thompson" class="mw-redirect" title="James R. Thompson">J. Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Carlin" title="John W. Carlin">Carlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamar_Alexander" title="Lamar Alexander">Alexander</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_H._Sununu" title="John H. Sununu">Sununu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Baliles" title="Gerald Baliles">Baliles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_Branstad" title="Terry Branstad">Branstad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Booth_Gardner" title="Booth Gardner">Gardner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ashcroft" title="John Ashcroft">Ashcroft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Romer" title="Roy Romer">Romer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carroll_A._Campbell_Jr." title="Carroll A. Campbell Jr.">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Dean" title="Howard Dean">Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Thompson" title="Tommy Thompson">T. Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Miller_(Nevada_governor)" title="Bob Miller (Nevada governor)">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Voinovich" title="George Voinovich">Voinovich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Carper" title="Tom Carper">Carper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Leavitt" title="Mike Leavitt">Leavitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parris_Glendening" title="Parris Glendening">Glendening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Engler" title="John Engler">Engler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_E._Patton" title="Paul E. Patton">Patton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_Kempthorne" title="Dirk Kempthorne">Kempthorne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Warner" title="Mark Warner">Warner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Huckabee" title="Mike Huckabee">Huckabee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Napolitano" title="Janet Napolitano">Napolitano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Pawlenty" title="Tim Pawlenty">Pawlenty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Rendell" title="Ed Rendell">Rendell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Douglas" title="Jim Douglas">Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Manchin" title="Joe Manchin">Manchin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christine_Gregoire" title="Christine Gregoire">Gregoire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Heineman" title="Dave Heineman">Heineman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Markell" title="Jack Markell">Markell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Fallin" title="Mary Fallin">Fallin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hickenlooper" title="John Hickenlooper">Hickenlooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Herbert" title="Gary Herbert">Herbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_McAuliffe" title="Terry McAuliffe">McAuliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Sandoval" title="Brian Sandoval">Sandoval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Bullock_(American_politician)" title="Steve Bullock (American politician)">Bullock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Hogan" title="Larry Hogan">Hogan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Cuomo" title="Andrew Cuomo">Cuomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asa_Hutchinson" title="Asa Hutchinson">Hutchinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Murphy" title="Phil Murphy">Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spencer_Cox" title="Spencer Cox">Cox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jared_Polis" title="Jared Polis">Polis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hillary_Clinton" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hillary_Clinton" title="Template:Hillary Clinton"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hillary_Clinton" title="Template talk:Hillary Clinton"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hillary_Clinton" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hillary Clinton"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hillary_Clinton" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chancellors_of_the_Queen%27s_University_Belfast" title="List of chancellors of the Queen's University Belfast">11th Chancellor of Queen's University Belfast</a> (2020–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_secretaries_of_state_of_the_United_States" title="List of secretaries of state of the United States">67th</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">United States Secretary of State</a> (2009–2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_York" title="List of United States senators from New York">US Senator</a> from <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> (2001–2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Lady_of_the_United_States" title="First Lady of the United States">First Lady of the United States</a> (1993–2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_ladies_and_gentlemen_of_Arkansas" title="First ladies and gentlemen of Arkansas">First Lady of Arkansas</a> (1979–1981, 1983–1992)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Secretary of State</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton%27s_tenure_as_Secretary_of_State" title="Hillary Clinton's tenure as Secretary of State">Tenure as Secretary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_trips_made_by_Hillary_Clinton_as_United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="List of international trips made by Hillary Clinton as United States Secretary of State">Foreign trips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadrennial_Diplomacy_and_Development_Review" title="Quadrennial Diplomacy and Development Review">Quadrennial Diplomacy and Development Review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_Barack_Obama" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign policy of Barack Obama">Foreign policy of the Obama administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillary_Doctrine" title="Hillary Doctrine">Hillary Doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton_email_controversy" title="Hillary Clinton email controversy">Email controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1888" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1888">UN Security Council Resolution 1888</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Special_Representative_on_Sexual_Violence_in_Conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict">UN Special Representative on Sexual Violence in Conflict</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="12" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Hillary_Clinton_crop.jpg/100px-Hillary_Clinton_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Hillary_Clinton_crop.jpg/150px-Hillary_Clinton_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Hillary_Clinton_crop.jpg/200px-Hillary_Clinton_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1454" data-file-height="1932" /> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Seal_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_State.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_State.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Seal_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_State.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_State.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Seal_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_State.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Secretary_of_State.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="890" data-file-height="890" /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">US senator</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_career_of_Hillary_Clinton" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Senate career of Hillary Clinton">Senate career</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_Entertainment_Protection_Act" title="Family Entertainment Protection Act">Family Entertainment Protection Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_Protection_Act_of_2005" title="Flag Protection Act of 2005">Flag Protection Act of 2005</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">First Lady</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton%27s_tenure_as_first_lady_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Hillary Clinton's tenure as first lady of the United States">Tenure as First Lady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_health_care_plan_of_1993" title="Clinton health care plan of 1993">1993 health care reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillaryland" title="Hillaryland">Hillaryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_travel_office_controversy" title="White House travel office controversy">Travel office controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_FBI_files_controversy" title="White House FBI files controversy">FBI files controversy</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Vast_right-wing_conspiracy_(term)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vast right-wing conspiracy (term)">Vast right-wing conspiracy</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vital_Voices" title="Vital Voices">Vital Voices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Save_America%27s_Treasures" title="Save America's Treasures">Save America's Treasures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Children%27s_Health_Insurance_Program" class="mw-redirect" title="State Children's Health Insurance Program">State Children's Health Insurance Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adoption_and_Safe_Families_Act" title="Adoption and Safe Families Act">Adoption and Safe Families Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foster_Care_Independence_Act#Legislative_history" title="Foster Care Independence Act">Foster Care Independence Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Millennium_Council" title="White House Millennium Council">White House Millennium Council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Arkansas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legal_career_of_Hillary_Clinton" title="Legal career of Hillary Clinton">Legal career</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton%27s_career_in_corporate_governance" title="Hillary Clinton's career in corporate governance">Career in corporate governance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton%27s_tenures_as_First_Lady_of_Arkansas" title="Hillary Clinton's tenures as First Lady of Arkansas">Tenures as First Lady of Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Advocates_for_Children_and_Families" title="Arkansas Advocates for Children and Families">Arkansas Advocates for Children and Families</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Law_Firm" title="Rose Law Firm">Rose Law Firm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_Services_Corporation" title="Legal Services Corporation">Legal Services Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitewater_controversy" title="Whitewater controversy">Whitewater controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton_cattle_futures_controversy" title="Hillary Clinton cattle futures controversy">Cattle futures controversy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Philanthropic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_Foundation" title="Clinton Foundation">Clinton Foundation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_Foundation%E2%80%93State_Department_controversy" title="Clinton Foundation–State Department controversy">State Department controversy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onward_Together" title="Onward Together">Onward Together</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Speeches and policies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Hillary_Clinton" title="Political positions of Hillary Clinton">Political positions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_rights_are_human_rights" title="Women's rights are human rights">"Women's Rights Are Human Rights" (1995)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basket_of_deplorables" title="Basket of deplorables">"Basket of deplorables" (2016)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Writings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Hillary_Clinton" title="Bibliography of Hillary Clinton">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillary_Rodham_senior_thesis" title="Hillary Rodham senior thesis">Senior thesis (1969)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/It_Takes_a_Village" title="It Takes a Village">It Takes a Village (1996)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dear_Socks,_Dear_Buddy" title="Dear Socks, Dear Buddy">Dear Socks, Dear Buddy (1998)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/An_Invitation_to_the_White_House" title="An Invitation to the White House">An Invitation to the White House (2000)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Living_History_(book)" title="Living History (book)">Living History (2003)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hard_Choices" title="Hard Choices">Hard Choices (2014)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stronger_Together_(book)" title="Stronger Together (book)">Stronger Together (2016)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/What_Happened_(Clinton_book)" title="What Happened (Clinton book)">What Happened (2017)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Book_of_Gutsy_Women" title="The Book of Gutsy Women">The Book of Gutsy Women (2019)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_Terror" title="State of Terror">State of Terror (2021)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Hillary_Clinton" title="Electoral history of Hillary Clinton">Electoral history</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senatorial elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_Senate_election_in_New_York" title="2000 United States Senate election in New York">2000 US Senate election in New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_United_States_Senate_election_in_New_York" title="2006 United States Senate election in New York">2006 US Senate election in New York</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/2008_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries">2008 Democratic presidential primaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton_2008_presidential_primary_campaign" title="Hillary Clinton 2008 presidential primary campaign">Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hillary_Clinton_2008_presidential_campaign_endorsements" title="List of Hillary Clinton 2008 presidential campaign endorsements">Endorsements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Democratic_Party_presidential_debates_and_forums" title="2008 Democratic Party presidential debates and forums">Debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2008 Democratic National Convention">Convention</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">2016 US presidential election</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton_2016_presidential_campaign" title="Hillary Clinton 2016 presidential campaign">Campaign</a></li> <li>Endorsements <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hillary_Clinton_2016_presidential_campaign_political_endorsements" title="List of Hillary Clinton 2016 presidential campaign political endorsements">political</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hillary_Clinton_2016_presidential_campaign_non-political_endorsements" title="List of Hillary Clinton 2016 presidential campaign non-political endorsements">non-political</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hillary_Clinton_2016_presidential_campaign_screen_and_stage_performer_endorsements" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Hillary Clinton 2016 presidential campaign screen and stage performer endorsements">screen and stage performers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hillary_Clinton_2016_presidential_campaign_celebrity_endorsements" title="List of Hillary Clinton 2016 presidential campaign celebrity endorsements">other celebrities</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2016 Democratic Party presidential primaries">Democratic primaries</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_Democratic_Party_presidential_debates_and_forums" title="2016 Democratic Party presidential debates and forums">debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Democratic_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection" title="2016 Democratic Party vice presidential candidate selection">running mate selection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2016 Democratic National Convention">convention</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Democrats_who_opposed_the_Hillary_Clinton_2016_presidential_campaign" title="List of Democrats who opposed the Hillary Clinton 2016 presidential campaign">Democratic opposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_debates" title="2016 United States presidential debates">General election debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planned_presidential_transition_of_Hillary_Clinton" title="Planned presidential transition of Hillary Clinton">Planned presidential transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillary_Victory_Fund" title="Hillary Victory Fund">Hillary Victory Fund</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_honors_received_by_Hillary_Clinton" title="List of awards and honors received by Hillary Clinton">Awards and honors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Hillary_Clinton" title="Bibliography of Hillary Clinton">Books about</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_image_of_Hillary_Clinton" title="Public image of Hillary Clinton">Public image</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_National_Airport" title="Clinton National Airport">Clinton National Airport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Popular culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hillary_1984" title="Hillary 1984">Hillary 1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturday_Night_Live_parodies_of_Hillary_Clinton" title="Saturday Night Live parodies of Hillary Clinton">Saturday Night Live parodies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillary_and_Clinton" title="Hillary and Clinton">Hillary and Clinton (2016 play)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillary_(film)" title="Hillary (film)">Hillary (2020 documentary)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bill Clinton</a> (husband</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Presidency of Bill Clinton">presidency</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelsea_Clinton" title="Chelsea Clinton">Chelsea Clinton</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Rodham_(born_1911)" title="Hugh Rodham (born 1911)">Hugh E. Rodham</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Howell_Rodham" title="Dorothy Howell Rodham">Dorothy Howell Rodham</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Rodham_(born_1950)" title="Hugh Rodham (born 1950)">Hugh Rodham</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Rodham" title="Tony Rodham">Tony Rodham</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socks_(cat)" title="Socks (cat)">Socks</a> (cat)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_(Bill_Clinton%27s_dog)" title="Buddy (Bill Clinton's dog)">Buddy</a> (dog)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitehaven_(house)" title="Whitehaven (house)">Whitehaven</a> (residence)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Situation_Room_(photograph)" title="Situation Room (photograph)">Situation Room</a> (2011 photograph)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Activities_of_Hillary_Clinton_subsequent_to_2016" title="Activities of Hillary Clinton subsequent to 2016">Activities after 2016</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Time_Persons_of_the_Year" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Time_Persons_of_the_Year" title="Template:Time Persons of the Year"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Time_Persons_of_the_Year" title="Template talk:Time Persons of the Year"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Time_Persons_of_the_Year" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Time Persons of the Year"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Time_Persons_of_the_Year" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Time_Person_of_the_Year" title="Time Person of the Year">Time Persons of the Year</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1927–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Lindbergh" title="Charles Lindbergh">Charles Lindbergh</a> (1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Chrysler" title="Walter Chrysler">Walter Chrysler</a> (1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen_D._Young" title="Owen D. Young">Owen D. Young</a> (1929)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Mohandas Gandhi</a> (1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Laval" title="Pierre Laval">Pierre Laval</a> (1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> (1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_S._Johnson" title="Hugh S. Johnson">Hugh S. Johnson</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> (1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haile_Selassie" title="Haile Selassie">Haile Selassie</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallis_Simpson" title="Wallis Simpson">Wallis Simpson</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiang_Kai-shek" title="Chiang Kai-shek">Chiang Kai-shek</a> / <a href="/wiki/Soong_Mei-ling" title="Soong Mei-ling">Soong Mei-ling</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a> (1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Joseph Stalin</a> (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a> (1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Joseph Stalin</a> (1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_C._Marshall" title="George C. Marshall">George Marshall</a> (1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a> (1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> (1945)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_F._Byrnes" title="James F. Byrnes">James F. Byrnes</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_C._Marshall" title="George C. Marshall">George Marshall</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> (1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">The American Fighting-Man</a> (1950)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Mosaddegh" title="Mohammad Mosaddegh">Mohammed Mosaddeq</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II </a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Adenauer" title="Konrad Adenauer">Konrad Adenauer</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Foster_Dulles" title="John Foster Dulles">John Foster Dulles</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harlow_Curtice" title="Harlow Curtice">Harlow Curtice</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1956" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1956">Hungarian Freedom Fighters</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikita_Khrushchev" title="Nikita Khrushchev">Nikita Khrushchev</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle" title="Charles de Gaulle">Charles de Gaulle</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a> (1959)</li> <li> U.S. Scientists: <a href="/wiki/George_Beadle" title="George Beadle">George Beadle</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_Stark_Draper" title="Charles Stark Draper">Charles Draper</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Franklin_Enders" title="John Franklin Enders">John Enders</a> / <a href="/wiki/Donald_A._Glaser" title="Donald A. Glaser">Donald A. Glaser</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Lederberg" title="Joshua Lederberg">Joshua Lederberg</a> / <a href="/wiki/Willard_Libby" title="Willard Libby">Willard Libby</a> / <a href="/wiki/Linus_Pauling" title="Linus Pauling">Linus Pauling</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edward_Mills_Purcell" title="Edward Mills Purcell">Edward Purcell</a> / <a href="/wiki/Isidor_Isaac_Rabi" title="Isidor Isaac Rabi">Isidor Rabi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Emilio_Segr%C3%A8" title="Emilio Segrè">Emilio Segrè</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_Shockley" title="William Shockley">William Shockley</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edward_Teller" title="Edward Teller">Edward Teller</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_H._Townes" title="Charles H. Townes">Charles Townes</a> / <a href="/wiki/James_Van_Allen" title="James Van Allen">James Van Allen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Burns_Woodward" title="Robert Burns Woodward">Robert Woodward</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_XXIII" title="Pope John XXIII">Pope John XXIII</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Martin Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Westmoreland" title="William Westmoreland">William Westmoreland</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baby_boomers" title="Baby boomers">The Generation Twenty-Five and Under</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> (1967)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Apollo_8" title="Apollo 8">The Apollo 8 Astronauts</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Anders" title="William Anders">William Anders</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frank_Borman" title="Frank Borman">Frank Borman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jim_Lovell" title="Jim Lovell">Jim Lovell</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_America_(United_States)" title="Middle America (United States)">The Middle Americans</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Willy Brandt</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Kissinger" title="Henry Kissinger">Henry Kissinger</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sirica" title="John Sirica">John Sirica</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faisal_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Faisal of Saudi Arabia">King Faisal</a> (1974)</li> <li> American Women: <a href="/wiki/Susan_Brownmiller" title="Susan Brownmiller">Susan Brownmiller</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Byerly" title="Kathleen Byerly">Kathleen Byerly</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alison_Cheek" title="Alison Cheek">Alison Cheek</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jill_Ker_Conway" title="Jill Ker Conway">Jill Conway</a> / <a href="/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford">Betty Ford</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ella_Grasso" title="Ella Grasso">Ella Grasso</a> / <a href="/wiki/Carla_Anderson_Hills" title="Carla Anderson Hills">Carla Hills</a> / <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Jordan" title="Barbara Jordan">Barbara Jordan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Billie_Jean_King" title="Billie Jean King">Billie Jean King</a> / <a href="/wiki/Susie_Sharp" title="Susie Sharp">Susie Sharp</a> / <a href="/wiki/Carol_Sutton_(journalist)" title="Carol Sutton (journalist)">Carol Sutton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Addie_L._Wyatt" title="Addie L. Wyatt">Addie Wyatt</a> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anwar_Sadat" title="Anwar Sadat">Anwar Sadat</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruhollah_Khomeini" title="Ruhollah Khomeini">Ayatollah Khomeini</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lech_Wa%C5%82%C4%99sa" title="Lech Wałęsa">Lech Wałęsa</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_computer" title="Personal computer">The Computer</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yuri_Andropov" title="Yuri Andropov">Yuri Andropov</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Ueberroth" title="Peter Ueberroth">Peter Ueberroth</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corazon_Aquino" title="Corazon Aquino">Corazon Aquino</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmentalism" title="Environmentalism">The Endangered Earth</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner">Ted Turner</a> (1991)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bill Clinton</a> (1992)</li> <li> The Peacemakers: <a href="/wiki/Yasser_Arafat" title="Yasser Arafat">Yasser Arafat</a> / <a href="/wiki/F._W._de_Klerk" title="F. W. de Klerk">F. W. de Klerk</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Rabin" title="Yitzhak Rabin">Yitzhak Rabin</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newt_Gingrich" title="Newt Gingrich">Newt Gingrich</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Ho" title="David Ho">David Ho</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Grove" title="Andrew Grove">Andrew Grove</a> (1997)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bill Clinton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ken_Starr" title="Ken Starr">Ken Starr</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Bezos" title="Jeff Bezos">Jeff Bezos</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rudy_Giuliani" title="Rudy Giuliani">Rudolph Giuliani</a> (2001)</li> <li> The Whistleblowers: <a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Cooper_(accountant)" title="Cynthia Cooper (accountant)">Cynthia Cooper</a> / <a href="/wiki/Coleen_Rowley" title="Coleen Rowley">Coleen Rowley</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sherron_Watkins" title="Sherron Watkins">Sherron Watkins</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">The American Soldier</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> (2004)</li> <li> The Good Samaritans: <a href="/wiki/Bono" title="Bono">Bono</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bill_Gates" title="Bill Gates">Bill Gates</a> / <a href="/wiki/Melinda_French_Gates" title="Melinda French Gates">Melinda Gates</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/You_(Time_Person_of_the_Year)" title="You (Time Person of the Year)">You</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Bernanke" title="Ben Bernanke">Ben Bernanke</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Zuckerberg" title="Mark Zuckerberg">Mark Zuckerberg</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protest" title="Protest">The Protester</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a> (2013)</li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_West_African_Ebola_virus_epidemic" title="Responses to the West African Ebola virus epidemic">Ebola Fighters</a>: Dr. Jerry Brown / Dr. <a href="/wiki/Kent_Brantly" title="Kent Brantly">Kent Brantly</a> / Ella Watson-Stryker / Foday Gollah / <a href="/wiki/Salome_Karwah" title="Salome Karwah">Salome Karwah</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MeToo_movement" title="MeToo movement">The Silence Breakers</a> (2017)</li> <li> The Guardians: <a href="/wiki/Jamal_Khashoggi" title="Jamal Khashoggi">Jamal Khashoggi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Maria_Ressa" title="Maria Ressa">Maria Ressa</a> / <a href="/wiki/Wa_Lone" title="Wa Lone">Wa Lone</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kyaw_Soe_Oo" title="Kyaw Soe Oo">Kyaw Soe Oo</a> / Staff of <a href="/wiki/Capital_Gazette_shooting" title="Capital Gazette shooting">The Capital</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greta_Thunberg" title="Greta Thunberg">Greta Thunberg</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kamala_Harris" title="Kamala Harris">Kamala Harris</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elon_Musk" title="Elon Musk">Elon Musk</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Zelenskyy" title="Volodymyr Zelenskyy">Volodymyr Zelenskyy</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ukrainians" title="Ukrainians">Spirit of Ukraine</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taylor_Swift" title="Taylor Swift">Taylor Swift</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Recipients_of_the_Charlemagne_Prize" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Charlemagne_Prize_recipients" title="Template:Charlemagne Prize recipients"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Charlemagne_Prize_recipients" title="Template talk:Charlemagne Prize recipients"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Charlemagne_Prize_recipients" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Charlemagne Prize recipients"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Recipients_of_the_Charlemagne_Prize" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Recipients of the <a href="/wiki/Charlemagne_Prize" title="Charlemagne Prize">Charlemagne Prize</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1950–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1950 <a href="/wiki/Richard_von_Coudenhove-Kalergi" title="Richard von Coudenhove-Kalergi">Richard von Coudenhove-Kalergi</a></li> <li>1951 <a href="/wiki/Hendrik_Brugmans" title="Hendrik Brugmans">Hendrik Brugmans</a></li> <li>1952 <a href="/wiki/Alcide_De_Gasperi" title="Alcide De Gasperi">Alcide De Gasperi</a></li> <li>1953 <a href="/wiki/Jean_Monnet" title="Jean Monnet">Jean Monnet</a></li> <li>1954 <a href="/wiki/Konrad_Adenauer" title="Konrad Adenauer">Konrad Adenauer</a></li> <li>1955</li> <li>1956 <a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a></li> <li>1957 <a href="/wiki/Paul-Henri_Spaak" title="Paul-Henri Spaak">Paul-Henri Spaak</a></li> <li>1958 <a href="/wiki/Robert_Schuman" title="Robert Schuman">Robert Schuman</a></li> <li>1959 <a href="/wiki/George_C._Marshall" title="George C. Marshall">George C. Marshall</a></li> <li>1960 <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Bech" title="Joseph Bech">Joseph Bech</a></li> <li>1961 <a href="/wiki/Walter_Hallstein" title="Walter Hallstein">Walter Hallstein</a></li> <li>1962</li> <li>1963 <a href="/wiki/Edward_Heath" title="Edward Heath">Edward Heath</a></li> <li>1964 <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Segni" title="Antonio Segni">Antonio Segni</a></li> <li>1965</li> <li>1966 <a href="/wiki/Jens_Otto_Krag" title="Jens Otto Krag">Jens Otto Krag</a></li> <li>1967 <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Luns" title="Joseph Luns">Joseph Luns</a></li> <li>1968</li> <li>1969 <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a></li> <li>1970 <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Seydoux_de_Clausonne" title="François Seydoux de Clausonne">François Seydoux de Clausonne</a></li> <li>1971</li> <li>1972 <a href="/wiki/Roy_Jenkins" title="Roy Jenkins">Roy Jenkins</a></li> <li>1973 <a href="/wiki/Salvador_de_Madariaga" title="Salvador de Madariaga">Salvador de Madariaga</a></li> <li>1974</li> <li>1975</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1976 <a href="/wiki/Leo_Tindemans" title="Leo Tindemans">Leo Tindemans</a></li> <li>1977 <a href="/wiki/Walter_Scheel" title="Walter Scheel">Walter Scheel</a></li> <li>1978 <a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Karamanlis" title="Konstantinos Karamanlis">Konstantinos Karamanlis</a></li> <li>1979 <a href="/wiki/Emilio_Colombo" title="Emilio Colombo">Emilio Colombo</a></li> <li>1980</li> <li>1981 <a href="/wiki/Simone_Veil" title="Simone Veil">Simone Veil</a></li> <li>1982 <a href="/wiki/Juan_Carlos_I" title="Juan Carlos I">King Juan Carlos I</a></li> <li>1983</li> <li>1984</li> <li>1985</li> <li>1986 <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">People of Luxembourg</a></li> <li>1987 <a href="/wiki/Henry_Kissinger" title="Henry Kissinger">Henry Kissinger</a></li> <li>1988 <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="François Mitterrand">François Mitterrand</a> / <a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Helmut Kohl</a></li> <li>1989 <a href="/wiki/Brother_Roger" title="Brother Roger">Brother Roger</a></li> <li>1990 <a href="/wiki/Gyula_Horn" title="Gyula Horn">Gyula Horn</a></li> <li>1991 <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1clav_Havel" title="Václav Havel">Václav Havel</a></li> <li>1992 <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Delors" title="Jacques Delors">Jacques Delors</a></li> <li>1993 <a href="/wiki/Felipe_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Felipe González">Felipe González</a></li> <li>1994 <a href="/wiki/Gro_Harlem_Brundtland" title="Gro Harlem Brundtland">Gro Harlem Brundtland</a></li> <li>1995 <a href="/wiki/Franz_Vranitzky" title="Franz Vranitzky">Franz Vranitzky</a></li> <li>1996 <a href="/wiki/Beatrix_of_the_Netherlands" title="Beatrix of the Netherlands">Queen Beatrix</a></li> <li>1997 <a href="/wiki/Roman_Herzog" title="Roman Herzog">Roman Herzog</a></li> <li>1998 <a href="/wiki/Bronis%C5%82aw_Geremek" title="Bronisław Geremek">Bronisław Geremek</a></li> <li>1999 <a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair">Tony Blair</a></li> <li>2000 <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bill Clinton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2001 <a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Konr%C3%A1d" title="György Konrád">György Konrád</a></li> <li>2002 <a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">Euro</a></li> <li>2003 <a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estaing" title="Valéry Giscard d'Estaing">Valéry Giscard d'Estaing</a></li> <li>2004 <a href="/wiki/Pat_Cox" title="Pat Cox">Pat Cox</a> / <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a>1</li> <li>2005 <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Azeglio_Ciampi" title="Carlo Azeglio Ciampi">Carlo Azeglio Ciampi</a></li> <li>2006 <a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Juncker" title="Jean-Claude Juncker">Jean-Claude Juncker</a></li> <li>2007 <a href="/wiki/Javier_Solana" title="Javier Solana">Javier Solana</a></li> <li>2008 <a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a></li> <li>2009 <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Riccardi" title="Andrea Riccardi">Andrea Riccardi</a></li> <li>2010 <a href="/wiki/Donald_Tusk" title="Donald Tusk">Donald Tusk</a></li> <li>2011 <a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Trichet" title="Jean-Claude Trichet">Jean-Claude Trichet</a></li> <li>2012 <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Sch%C3%A4uble" title="Wolfgang Schäuble">Wolfgang Schäuble</a></li> <li>2013 <a href="/wiki/Dalia_Grybauskait%C4%97" title="Dalia Grybauskaitė">Dalia Grybauskaitė</a></li> <li>2014 <a href="/wiki/Herman_Van_Rompuy" title="Herman Van Rompuy">Herman Van Rompuy</a></li> <li>2015 <a href="/wiki/Martin_Schulz" title="Martin Schulz">Martin Schulz</a></li> <li>2016 <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a></li> <li>2017 <a href="/wiki/Timothy_Garton_Ash" title="Timothy Garton Ash">Timothy Garton Ash</a></li> <li>2018 <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Emmanuel Macron</a></li> <li>2019 <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Guterres" title="António Guterres">António Guterres</a></li> <li>2020 <a href="/wiki/Klaus_Iohannis" title="Klaus Iohannis">Klaus Iohannis</a></li> <li>2022 <a href="/wiki/Sviatlana_Tsikhanouskaya" title="Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya">Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maria_Kalesnikava" title="Maria Kalesnikava">Maria Kalesnikava</a>, <a href="/wiki/Veronika_Tsepkalo" title="Veronika Tsepkalo">Veronika Tsepkalo</a></li> <li>2023 <a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Zelenskyy" title="Volodymyr Zelenskyy">Volodymyr Zelensky</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">the Ukrainian people</a></li> <li>2024 <a href="/wiki/Pinchas_Goldschmidt" title="Pinchas Goldschmidt">Pinchas Goldschmidt</a> and the Jewish communities in Europe</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>1 Received extraordinary prize.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Grammy_Award_for_Best_Audio_Book,_Narration_&amp;_Storytelling_Recording" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cedff2;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Grammy_Award_for_Best_Spoken_Word_Album" title="Template:Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Grammy_Award_for_Best_Spoken_Word_Album" title="Template talk:Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Grammy_Award_for_Best_Spoken_Word_Album" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Grammy_Award_for_Best_Audio_Book,_Narration_&amp;_Storytelling_Recording" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Audio_Book,_Narration_%26_Storytelling_Recording" title="Grammy Award for Best Audio Book, Narration & Storytelling Recording">Grammy Award for Best Audio Book, Narration & Storytelling Recording</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">1950s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>The Best of the Stan Freberg Shows – <a href="/wiki/Stan_Freberg" title="Stan Freberg">Stan Freberg</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Portrait" title="Lincoln Portrait">Lincoln Portrait</a> – <a href="/wiki/Carl_Sandburg" title="Carl Sandburg">Carl Sandburg</a> (1959)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">1960s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>FDR Speaks – Robert Bialek (producer) (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein_Discusses_Humor_in_Music_and_Conducts_Till_Eulenspiegel%27s_Merry_Pranks" title="Leonard Bernstein Discusses Humor in Music and Conducts Till Eulenspiegel's Merry Pranks">Humor in Music</a> – <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein">Leonard Bernstein</a> (1961)</li> <li>The Story-Teller: A Session with Charles Laughton – <a href="/wiki/Charles_Laughton" title="Charles Laughton">Charles Laughton</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Who%27s_Afraid_of_Virginia_Woolf%3F" title="Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?">Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?</a> – <a href="/wiki/Edward_Albee" title="Edward Albee">Edward Albee</a> (playwright) (1963)</li> <li>BBC Tribute to John F. Kennedy – <a href="/wiki/That_Was_the_Week_That_Was" title="That Was the Week That Was">That Was the Week That Was</a> (1964)</li> <li>John F. Kennedy: As We Remember Him – <a href="/wiki/Goddard_Lieberson" title="Goddard Lieberson">Goddard Lieberson</a> (producer) (1965)</li> <li>Edward R. Murrow - A Reporter Remembers, Vol. I: The War Years – <a href="/wiki/Edward_R._Murrow" title="Edward R. Murrow">Edward R. Murrow</a> (1966)</li> <li>Gallant Men – <a href="/wiki/Everett_Dirksen" title="Everett Dirksen">Everett Dirksen</a> (1967)</li> <li>Lonesome Cities – <a href="/wiki/Rod_McKuen" title="Rod McKuen">Rod McKuen</a> (1968)</li> <li>We Love You Call Collect – <a href="/wiki/Art_Linkletter" title="Art Linkletter">Art Linkletter</a> & <a href="/wiki/Diane_Linkletter" title="Diane Linkletter">Diane Linkletter</a> (1969)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Why I Oppose the War in Vietnam – <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Martin Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desiderata_(Les_Crane_album)" title="Desiderata (Les Crane album)">Desiderata</a> – <a href="/wiki/Les_Crane" title="Les Crane">Les Crane</a> (1971)</li> <li>Lenny – <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Botnick" title="Bruce Botnick">Bruce Botnick</a> (producer) & the Original Broadway Cast (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Livingston_Seagull" title="Jonathan Livingston Seagull">Jonathan Livingston Seagull</a> – <a href="/wiki/Richard_Harris" title="Richard Harris">Richard Harris</a> (1973)</li> <li>Good Evening – <a href="/wiki/Peter_Cook" title="Peter Cook">Peter Cook</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dudley_Moore" title="Dudley Moore">Dudley Moore</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Give_%27em_Hell,_Harry!" title="Give 'em Hell, Harry!">Give 'em Hell, Harry!</a> – <a href="/wiki/James_Whitmore" title="James Whitmore">James Whitmore</a> (1975)</li> <li>Great American Documents – <a href="/wiki/Henry_Fonda" title="Henry Fonda">Henry Fonda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Helen_Hayes" title="Helen Hayes">Helen Hayes</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Earl_Jones" title="James Earl Jones">James Earl Jones</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Orson_Welles" title="Orson Welles">Orson Welles</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Belle_of_Amherst" title="The Belle of Amherst">The Belle of Amherst</a> – <a href="/wiki/Julie_Harris" title="Julie Harris">Julie Harris</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizen_Kane" title="Citizen Kane">Citizen Kane (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)</a> – <a href="/wiki/Orson_Welles" title="Orson Welles">Orson Welles</a> (1978)</li> <li>Ages of Man: Readings from Shakespeare – <a href="/wiki/John_Gielgud" title="John Gielgud">John Gielgud</a> (1979)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gertrude_Stein" title="Gertrude Stein">Gertrude Stein, Gertrude Stein, Gertrude Stein</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pat_Carroll" title="Pat Carroll">Pat Carroll</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donovan%27s_Brain" title="Donovan's Brain">Donovan's Brain</a> – <a href="/wiki/Orson_Welles" title="Orson Welles">Orson Welles</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raiders_of_the_Lost_Ark" title="Raiders of the Lost Ark">Raiders of the Lost Ark: The Movie on Record</a> – Tom Voegeli (producer) and Various Artists (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Portrait" title="Lincoln Portrait">Lincoln Portrait</a> – <a href="/wiki/William_Warfield" title="William Warfield">William Warfield</a> (1983)</li> <li>The Words of Gandhi – <a href="/wiki/Ben_Kingsley" title="Ben Kingsley">Ben Kingsley</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma_Rainey%27s_Black_Bottom" title="Ma Rainey's Black Bottom">Ma Rainey's Black Bottom</a> – <a href="/wiki/Mike_Berniker" title="Mike Berniker">Mike Berniker</a> (producer) & the Original Broadway Cast (1985)</li> <li>Interviews from the Class of '55 Recording Sessions – <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Cash" title="Johnny Cash">Johnny Cash</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Lee_Lewis" title="Jerry Lee Lewis">Jerry Lee Lewis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chips_Moman" title="Chips Moman">Chips Moman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ricky_Nelson" title="Ricky Nelson">Ricky Nelson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roy_Orbison" title="Roy Orbison">Roy Orbison</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carl_Perkins" title="Carl Perkins">Carl Perkins</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sam_Phillips" title="Sam Phillips">Sam Phillips</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_Wobegon_Days" title="Lake Wobegon Days">Lake Wobegon Days</a> – <a href="/wiki/Garrison_Keillor" title="Garrison Keillor">Garrison Keillor</a> (1987)</li> <li>Speech by Rev. Jesse Jackson – <a href="/wiki/Jesse_Jackson" title="Jesse Jackson">Jesse Jackson</a> (1988)</li> <li>It's Always Something – <a href="/wiki/Gilda_Radner" title="Gilda Radner">Gilda Radner</a> (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gracie:_A_Love_Story" title="Gracie: A Love Story">Gracie: A Love Story</a> – <a href="/wiki/George_Burns" title="George Burns">George Burns</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Civil_War_(miniseries)" title="The Civil War (miniseries)">The Civil War</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ken_Burns" title="Ken Burns">Ken Burns</a> (1991)</li> <li>What You Can Do to Avoid AIDS – <a href="/wiki/Magic_Johnson" title="Magic Johnson">Earvin "Magic" Johnson</a> and Robert O'Keefe (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/On_the_Pulse_of_Morning" title="On the Pulse of Morning">On the Pulse of Morning</a> – <a href="/wiki/Maya_Angelou" title="Maya Angelou">Maya Angelou</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Get_in_the_Van" title="Get in the Van">Get in the Van</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henry_Rollins" title="Henry Rollins">Henry Rollins</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phenomenal_Woman:_Four_Poems_Celebrating_Women" title="Phenomenal Woman: Four Poems Celebrating Women">Phenomenal Woman</a> – <a href="/wiki/Maya_Angelou" title="Maya Angelou">Maya Angelou</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/It_Takes_a_Village" title="It Takes a Village">It Takes a Village</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a> (1996)</li> <li>Charles Kuralt's Spring – <a href="/wiki/Charles_Kuralt" title="Charles Kuralt">Charles Kuralt</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Still_Me" title="Still Me">Still Me</a> – <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Reeve" title="Christopher Reeve">Christopher Reeve</a> (1998)</li> <li>The Autobiography of Martin Luther King Jr. – <a href="/wiki/LeVar_Burton" title="LeVar Burton">LeVar Burton</a> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Measure_of_a_Man:_A_Spiritual_Autobiography" title="The Measure of a Man: A Spiritual Autobiography">The Measure of a Man: A Spiritual Autobiography</a> – <a href="/wiki/Sidney_Poitier" title="Sidney Poitier">Sidney Poitier</a>, Rick Harris, and John Runnette (producers) (2000)</li> <li>Q: The Autobiography of Quincy Jones – <a href="/wiki/Quincy_Jones" title="Quincy Jones">Quincy Jones</a>, Jeffrey S. Thomas, Steven Strassman (engineers), and Elisa Shokoff (producer) (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Song_Flung_Up_to_Heaven" title="A Song Flung Up to Heaven">A Song Flung Up to Heaven</a> – <a href="/wiki/Maya_Angelou" title="Maya Angelou">Maya Angelou</a> and Charles B. Potter (producer) (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lies_and_the_Lying_Liars_Who_Tell_Them" title="Lies and the Lying Liars Who Tell Them">Lies and the Lying Liars Who Tell Them</a> – <a href="/wiki/Al_Franken" title="Al Franken">Al Franken</a> and Paul Ruben (producer) (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/My_Life_(Clinton_autobiography)" title="My Life (Clinton autobiography)">My Life</a> – <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bill Clinton</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dreams_from_My_Father" title="Dreams from My Father">Dreams from My Father</a> – <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Endangered_Values" title="Our Endangered Values">Our Endangered Values: America's Moral Crisis</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> / With Ossie and Ruby – <a href="/wiki/Ossie_Davis" title="Ossie Davis">Ossie Davis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ruby_Dee" title="Ruby Dee">Ruby Dee</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Audacity_of_Hope" title="The Audacity of Hope">The Audacity of Hope</a> – <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> and Jacob Bronstein (producer) (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/An_Inconvenient_Truth_(book)" title="An Inconvenient Truth (book)">An Inconvenient Truth</a> by <a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a> – <a href="/wiki/Beau_Bridges" title="Beau Bridges">Beau Bridges</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Nixon" title="Cynthia Nixon">Cynthia Nixon</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Blair_Underwood" title="Blair Underwood">Blair Underwood</a> (2008)</li> <li>Always Looking Up – <a href="/wiki/Michael_J._Fox" title="Michael J. Fox">Michael J. Fox</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Earth_(The_Book)" title="Earth (The Book)">The Daily Show with Jon Stewart Presents Earth (The Audiobook)</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jon_Stewart" title="Jon Stewart">Jon Stewart</a> (2010)</li> <li>If You Ask Me (And of Course You Won't) – <a href="/wiki/Betty_White" title="Betty White">Betty White</a> (2011)</li> <li>Society's Child – <a href="/wiki/Janis_Ian" title="Janis Ian">Janis Ian</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/America_Again" title="America Again">America Again: Re-becoming the Greatness We Never Weren't</a> – <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Colbert" title="Stephen Colbert">Stephen Colbert</a> (2013)</li> <li>Diary of a Mad Diva – <a href="/wiki/Joan_Rivers" title="Joan Rivers">Joan Rivers</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Full_Life:_Reflections_at_90" class="mw-redirect" title="A Full Life: Reflections at 90">A Full Life: Reflections at 90</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> (2015)</li> <li>In Such Good Company: Eleven Years of Laughter, Mayhem, and Fun in the Sandbox – <a href="/wiki/Carol_Burnett" title="Carol Burnett">Carol Burnett</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Princess_Diarist" title="The Princess Diarist">The Princess Diarist</a> – <a href="/wiki/Carrie_Fisher" title="Carrie Fisher">Carrie Fisher</a> (2017)</li> <li>Faith: A Journey for All – <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Becoming_(book)" title="Becoming (book)">Becoming</a> – <a href="/wiki/Michelle_Obama" title="Michelle Obama">Michelle Obama</a> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blowout_(book)" title="Blowout (book)">Blowout: Corrupted Democracy, Rogue State Russia, and the Richest, Most Destructive Industry on Earth</a> – <a href="/wiki/Rachel_Maddow" title="Rachel Maddow">Rachel Maddow</a> (2020)</li> <li>Carry On: Reflections for a New Generation from John Lewis − <a href="/wiki/Don_Cheadle" title="Don Cheadle">Don Cheadle</a> (2021)</li> <li>Finding Me – <a href="/wiki/Viola_Davis" title="Viola Davis">Viola Davis</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Light_We_Carry" title="The Light We Carry">The Light We Carry: Overcoming in Uncertain Times</a> – <a href="/wiki/Michelle_Obama" title="Michelle Obama">Michelle Obama</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Grammy_Award_for_Best_Spoken_Word_Album_for_Children" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cedff2;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Grammy_Award_for_Best_Spoken_Word_Album_for_Children" title="Template:Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album for Children"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Grammy_Award_for_Best_Spoken_Word_Album_for_Children" title="Template talk:Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album for Children"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Grammy_Award_for_Best_Spoken_Word_Album_for_Children" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album for Children"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Grammy_Award_for_Best_Spoken_Word_Album_for_Children" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Spoken_Word_Album_for_Children" title="Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album for Children">Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album for Children</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">1993–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audrey_Hepburn%27s_Enchanted_Tales" title="Audrey Hepburn's Enchanted Tales">Audrey Hepburn's Enchanted Tales</a> – <a href="/wiki/Audrey_Hepburn" title="Audrey Hepburn">Audrey Hepburn</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lion_King" title="The Lion King">The Lion King Read-Along</a> – <a href="/wiki/Robert_Guillaume" title="Robert Guillaume">Robert Guillaume</a> & Various Artists (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_and_the_Wolf" title="Peter and the Wolf">Prokofiev: Peter and the Wolf</a> – <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Stewart" title="Patrick Stewart">Patrick Stewart</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stellaluna" title="Stellaluna">Stellaluna</a> – <a href="/wiki/David_Holt_(musician)" title="David Holt (musician)">David Holt</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winnie-the-Pooh_(book)" title="Winnie-the-Pooh (book)">Winnie-the-Pooh</a> – <a href="/wiki/Charles_Kuralt" title="Charles Kuralt">Charles Kuralt</a> (1997)</li> <li>The Children's Shakespeare – Various Artists (1998)</li> <li>Listen to the Storyteller – <a href="/wiki/Graham_Greene_(actor)" title="Graham Greene (actor)">Graham Greene</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wynton_Marsalis" title="Wynton Marsalis">Wynton Marsalis</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kate_Winslet" title="Kate Winslet">Kate Winslet</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Potter_and_the_Goblet_of_Fire" title="Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire">Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jim_Dale" title="Jim Dale">Jim Dale</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">2001–2010</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Mama Don't Allow – <a href="/wiki/Tom_Chapin" title="Tom Chapin">Tom Chapin</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/There_Was_an_Old_Lady_Who_Swallowed_a_Fly" title="There Was an Old Lady Who Swallowed a Fly">There Was an Old Lady Who Swallowed a Fly</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tom_Chapin" title="Tom Chapin">Tom Chapin</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolf_Tracks_and_Peter_and_the_Wolf" title="Wolf Tracks and Peter and the Wolf">Prokofiev: Peter and the Wolf/Beintus: Wolf Tracks</a> – <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bill Clinton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sophia_Loren" title="Sophia Loren">Sophia Loren</a> (2003)</li> <li>The Train They Call the City of New Orleans – <a href="/wiki/Tom_Chapin" title="Tom Chapin">Tom Chapin</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlo_Thomas_and_Friends:_Thanks_%26_Giving_All_Year_Long" title="Marlo Thomas and Friends: Thanks & Giving All Year Long">Marlo Thomas and Friends: Thanks & Giving All Year Long</a> – <a href="/wiki/Marlo_Thomas" title="Marlo Thomas">Marlo Thomas</a> & Various Artists (2005)</li> <li>Blah Blah Blah: Stories About Clams, Swamp Monsters, Pirates and Dogs – <a href="/wiki/Bill_Harley" title="Bill Harley">Bill Harley</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Potter_and_the_Deathly_Hallows" title="Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows">Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jim_Dale" title="Jim Dale">Jim Dale</a> (2007)</li> <li>Yes to Running! Bill Harley Live – <a href="/wiki/Bill_Harley" title="Bill Harley">Bill Harley</a> (2008)</li> <li>Aaaaah! Spooky, Scary Stories & Songs – <a href="/wiki/Steve_Vaus" title="Steve Vaus">Buck Howdy</a> (2009)</li> <li>Julie Andrews' Collection of Poems, Songs, and Lullabies – <a href="/wiki/Julie_Andrews" title="Julie Andrews">Julie Andrews</a> and <a href="/wiki/Emma_Walton_Hamilton" title="Emma Walton Hamilton">Emma Walton Hamilton</a> (2010)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#cedff2;"><div>In 2011, the category was merged back into <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Children%27s_Album" class="mw-redirect" title="Grammy Award for Best Children's Album">Best Children's Album</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="NAACP_Image_Award_–_President&#039;s_Award" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:NAACP_Image_Award_%E2%80%93_President%27s_Award" title="Template:NAACP Image Award – President's Award"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:NAACP_Image_Award_%E2%80%93_President%27s_Award" title="Template talk:NAACP Image Award – President's Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:NAACP_Image_Award_%E2%80%93_President%27s_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:NAACP Image Award – President's Award"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="NAACP_Image_Award_–_President&#039;s_Award" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/NAACP_Image_Award_%E2%80%93_President%27s_Award" title="NAACP Image Award – President's Award">NAACP Image Award – President's Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ella_Fitzgerald" title="Ella Fitzgerald">Ella Fitzgerald</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Jackson" title="Jesse Jackson">Rev. Jesse Jackson</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jheryl_Busby" title="Jheryl Busby">Jheryl Busby</a> (1988)</li> <li>Antoinette Stroman & <a href="/wiki/Ryan_White" title="Ryan White">Ryan White</a> (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Kent Amos & Carmen Amos (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryant_Gumbel" title="Bryant Gumbel">Bryant Gumbel</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexis_Herman" title="Alexis Herman">Alexis Herman</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lauryn_Hill" title="Lauryn Hill">Lauryn Hill</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tavis_Smiley" title="Tavis Smiley">Tavis Smiley</a> & <a href="/wiki/Tom_Joyner" title="Tom Joyner">Tom Joyner</a> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bill Clinton</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Condoleezza_Rice" title="Condoleezza Rice">Condoleezza Rice</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus_Williams" title="Venus Williams">Venus</a> & <a href="/wiki/Serena_Williams" title="Serena Williams">Serena Williams</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._D._Jakes" title="T. D. Jakes">T. D. Jakes</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_L._Taylor" title="Susan L. Taylor">Susan L. Taylor</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soledad_O%27Brien" title="Soledad O'Brien">Soledad O'Brien</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruby_Dee" title="Ruby Dee">Ruby Dee</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali" title="Muhammad Ali">Muhammad Ali</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Van_Jones" title="Van Jones">Van Jones</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Powell" title="Colin Powell">Colin Powell</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Stuntmen%27s_Association" title="Black Stuntmen's Association">Black Stuntmen's Association</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerry_Washington" title="Kerry Washington">Kerry Washington</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spike_Lee" title="Spike Lee">Spike Lee</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Legend" title="John Legend">John Legend</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lonnie_Bunch" title="Lonnie Bunch">Lonnie Bunch</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danny_Glover" title="Danny Glover">Danny Glover</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jay-Z" title="Jay-Z">Jay-Z</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rihanna" title="Rihanna">Rihanna</a> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LeBron_James" title="LeBron James">LeBron James</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Harry,_Duke_of_Sussex" title="Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex">Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex</a> & <a href="/wiki/Meghan,_Duchess_of_Sussex" title="Meghan, Duchess of Sussex">Meghan, Duchess of Sussex</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabrielle_Union" title="Gabrielle Union">Gabrielle Union</a> & <a href="/wiki/Dwyane_Wade" title="Dwyane Wade">Dwyane Wade</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Usher_(musician)" title="Usher (musician)">Usher</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:<ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><a href="/wiki/File:EC1835_C_cut.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/EC1835_C_cut.jpg/16px-EC1835_C_cut.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/EC1835_C_cut.jpg/24px-EC1835_C_cut.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/EC1835_C_cut.jpg/32px-EC1835_C_cut.jpg 2x" data-file-width="506" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:1990s" title="Portal:1990s">1990s</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/21px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/32px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Arkansas.svg/42px-Flag_of_Arkansas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Arkansas" title="Portal:Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/19px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/37px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><a href="/wiki/File:Yellow_flag_waving.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Yellow_flag_waving.svg/18px-Yellow_flag_waving.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Yellow_flag_waving.svg/27px-Yellow_flag_waving.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Yellow_flag_waving.svg/35px-Yellow_flag_waving.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="249" data-file-height="268" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Liberalism" title="Portal:Liberalism">Liberalism</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/19px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/29px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/38px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/42px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1124#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1124#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1124#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000120967620">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/102338519">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/88204/">FAST</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJtWYR8ctfQBjbWc9XKyBP">WorldCat</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/119063395">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n82029644">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12375168h">France</a></li><li><a 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