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href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B0%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3&returnto=%E7%B4%A0%E5%8F%8D%E5%BF%9C" title="ログインすることを推奨します。ただし、必須ではありません。 [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>ログイン</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ログアウトした編集者のページ <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%82%AD%E3%83%9A%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%A2%E3%81%B8%E3%82%88%E3%81%86%E3%81%93%E3%81%9D" aria-label="編集の詳細"><span>もっと詳しく</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E8%87%AA%E5%88%86%E3%81%AE%E6%8A%95%E7%A8%BF%E8%A8%98%E9%8C%B2" title="このIPアドレスからなされた編集の一覧 [y]" accesskey="y"><span>投稿記録</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a 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vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目次</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">サイドバーに移動</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">非表示</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">ページ先頭</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-脚注" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#脚注"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>脚注</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-脚注-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目次" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="目次の表示・非表示を切り替え" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">目次の表示・非表示を切り替え</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">素反応</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="特定の記事の別の言語版に移動します。利用可能な言語26件" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-26" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">26の言語版</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%84_%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A" title="アラビア語: تفاعل أولي" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تفاعل أولي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="アラビア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementarna_reakcija" title="ボスニア語: Elementarna reakcija" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Elementarna reakcija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="ボスニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reacci%C3%B3_elemental" title="カタロニア語: Reacció elemental" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Reacció elemental" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="カタロニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementarreaktion" title="ドイツ語: Elementarreaktion" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Elementarreaktion" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="ドイツ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementary_reaction" title="英語: Elementary reaction" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Elementary reaction" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reacci%C3%B3n_elemental" title="スペイン語: Reacción elemental" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Reacción elemental" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="スペイン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementaarreaktsioon" title="エストニア語: Elementaarreaktsioon" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Elementaarreaktsioon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="エストニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%B4_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="ペルシア語: واکنش ابتدایی" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="واکنش ابتدایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="ペルシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkeisreaktio" title="フィンランド語: Alkeisreaktio" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Alkeisreaktio" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="フィンランド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9action_%C3%A9l%C3%A9mentaire" title="フランス語: Réaction élémentaire" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Réaction élémentaire" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="フランス語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%92%D7%95%D7%91%D7%94_%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA" title="ヘブライ語: תגובה אלמנטרית" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תגובה אלמנטרית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ヘブライ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elemi_reakci%C3%B3" title="ハンガリー語: Elemi reakció" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Elemi reakció" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ハンガリー語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%A1%D6%80%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%BC%D5%A5%D5%A1%D5%AF%D6%81%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="アルメニア語: Տարրական ռեակցիաներ" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տարրական ռեակցիաներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="アルメニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaksi_elementer" title="インドネシア語: Reaksi elementer" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Reaksi elementer" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="インドネシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reazione_elementare" title="イタリア語: Reazione elementare" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Reazione elementare" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="イタリア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="マケドニア語: Елементарна реакција" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Елементарна реакција" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="マケドニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tindak_balas_unsur" title="マレー語: Tindak balas unsur" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tindak balas unsur" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="マレー語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementaire_reactie" title="オランダ語: Elementaire reactie" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Elementaire reactie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="オランダ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Element%C3%A6r_reaksjon" title="ノルウェー語(ブークモール): Elementær reaksjon" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Elementær reaksjon" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="ノルウェー語(ブークモール)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reakcja_elementarna" title="ポーランド語: Reakcja elementarna" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Reakcja elementarna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="ポーランド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rea%C3%A7%C3%A3o_elementar" title="ポルトガル語: Reação elementar" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Reação elementar" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="ポルトガル語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reac%C8%9Bie_elementar%C4%83" title="ルーマニア語: Reacție elementară" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Reacție elementară" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="ルーマニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementarna_reakcija" title="セルボ・クロアチア語: Elementarna reakcija" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Elementarna reakcija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="セルボ・クロアチア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="セルビア語: Елементарна реакција" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Елементарна реакција" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="セルビア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%85%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F" title="ウクライナ語: Елементарна хімічна реакція" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Елементарна хімічна реакція" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ウクライナ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%83%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94" title="中国語: 基元反应" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="基元反应" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="中国語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q845117#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="言語間リンクを編集" class="wbc-editpage">リンクを編集</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="名前空間"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A0%E5%8F%8D%E5%BF%9C" title="本文を閲覧 [c]" accesskey="c"><span>ページ</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88:%E7%B4%A0%E5%8F%8D%E5%BF%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="「本文ページについての議論」 (存在しないページ) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>ノート</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="別の言語に切り替える" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">日本語</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="表示"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A0%E5%8F%8D%E5%BF%9C"><span>閲覧</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%A0%E5%8F%8D%E5%BF%9C&action=edit" title="このページのソースコードを編集する [e]" accesskey="e"><span>編集</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%A0%E5%8F%8D%E5%BF%9C&action=history" title="このページの過去の版 [h]" accesskey="h"><span>履歴表示</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="ページツール"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ツール" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">非表示</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="その他の操作" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A0%E5%8F%8D%E5%BF%9C"><span>閲覧</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%A0%E5%8F%8D%E5%BF%9C&action=edit" title="このページのソースコードを編集する [e]" accesskey="e"><span>編集</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%A0%E5%8F%8D%E5%BF%9C&action=history"><span>履歴表示</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 全般 </div> <div 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accesskey="p"><span>印刷用バージョン</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 他のプロジェクト </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q845117" title="関連付けられたデータリポジトリ項目へのリンク [g]" accesskey="g"><span>ウィキデータ項目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="ページツール"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="表示"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">表示</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">サイドバーに移動</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">非表示</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ja" dir="ltr"><p><ruby class="yomigana" style="ruby-position:inline; display:inline"><rb style="display:inline; white-space:normal; font-variant-east-asian:normal"><b>素反応</b></rb><span class="rp">（</span><rt style="display:inline; white-space:normal; font-size:inherit; font-variant-east-asian:normal">そはんのう</rt>、<rt style="display:inline; font-size:0px">（</rt></ruby><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E" title="英語">英</a>: <span lang="en">elementary reaction</span>）は、1個もしくは複数の<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%A8%AE" title="化学種">化学種</a>が直接反応して<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E5%BF%9C%E6%AE%B5%E9%9A%8E" title="反応段階">1段階</a>で<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%B7%E7%A7%BB%E7%8A%B6%E6%85%8B" title="遷移状態">遷移状態</a>を通って<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E6%88%90%E7%89%A9" title="生成物">生成物</a>に至る<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%8D%E5%BF%9C" title="化学反応">化学反応</a>である。実際は、反応中間体が検出されなかったり、反応が単分子スケールであると仮定せざるを得ない場合はその反応は素反応であると考えられている<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。見かけ上の素反応が実は寿命の短い<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E5%BF%9C%E4%B8%AD%E9%96%93%E4%BD%93" title="反応中間体">反応中間体</a>を含む<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E6%AE%B5%E9%9A%8E%E5%8F%8D%E5%BF%9C" title="多段階反応">多段階反応</a>である可能性もある。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E5%BA%A6" title="分子度">一分子反応</a>の素反応では、<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90" title="分子">分子</a>Aが<a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E9%9B%A2_(%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6)" title="解離 (化学)">解離</a>したり<a href="/wiki/%E7%95%B0%E6%80%A7%E5%8C%96" title="異性化">異性化</a>したりして生成物になる。 </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mbox{A}}\rightarrow {\mbox{products.}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>A</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>products.</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mbox{A}}\rightarrow {\mbox{products.}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1aed87ef2838abe4defc9d5220403c8e3edff46c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:14.809ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\mbox{A}}\rightarrow {\mbox{products.}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>温度が一定ならば、そのような反応の<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E5%BF%9C%E9%80%9F%E5%BA%A6" title="反応速度">反応速度</a>はAの<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%83%E5%BA%A6" title="濃度">濃度</a>に比例する。 </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {d[{\mbox{A}}]}{dt}}=-k[{\mbox{A}}].}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>A</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mo>−</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>A</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> <mo>.</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {d[{\mbox{A}}]}{dt}}=-k[{\mbox{A}}].}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/dd60e0eed0d75c439483d4df73e4dfe1cb25def2" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; width:14.89ex; height:5.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {d[{\mbox{A}}]}{dt}}=-k[{\mbox{A}}].}"></span></dd></dl> <p>2分子反応の素反応では、2つの<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90" title="原子">原子</a>、分子、<a href="/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AA%E3%83%B3_(%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6)" title="イオン (化学)">イオン</a>や<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%A9%E3%82%B8%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AB_(%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6)" title="ラジカル (化学)">ラジカル</a>など（AとBとする）が反応して生成物に変わる。 </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\mbox{A + B}}\rightarrow {\mbox{products.}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>A + B</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>products.</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\mbox{A + B}}\rightarrow {\mbox{products.}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d55f16034e90cafdff54bcc24cf82d6f0839135c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:19.424ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\mbox{A + B}}\rightarrow {\mbox{products.}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>温度が一定ならば、反応速度はAとBの濃度の積に比例する。 </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {d[{\mbox{A}}]}{dt}}={\frac {d[{\mbox{B}}]}{dt}}=-k[{\mbox{A}}][{\mbox{B}}].}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>A</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>B</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mo>−</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>A</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mtext>B</mtext> </mstyle> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> <mo>.</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {d[{\mbox{A}}]}{dt}}={\frac {d[{\mbox{B}}]}{dt}}=-k[{\mbox{A}}][{\mbox{B}}].}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f53691c918b011c6bcf181176343ca7195d383c9" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; width:25.919ex; height:5.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {d[{\mbox{A}}]}{dt}}={\frac {d[{\mbox{B}}]}{dt}}=-k[{\mbox{A}}][{\mbox{B}}].}"></span></dd></dl> <p>二分子素反応の<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E5%BF%9C%E9%80%9F%E5%BA%A6%E5%BC%8F" title="反応速度式">反応速度式</a>はしばしば、1864年に<span title="リンク先の項目はまだありません。新規の執筆や他言語版からの翻訳が望まれます。"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E3%82%AB%E3%83%88%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9E%E3%82%AD%E3%82%B7%E3%83%9F%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AB%E3%83%99%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="「カトー・マキシミリアン・グルベルグ」 (存在しないページ)">カトー・マキシミリアン・グルベルグ</a><span style="font-size: 0.77em; font-weight: normal;" class="noprint">（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cato_Maximilian_Guldberg" class="extiw" title="en:Cato Maximilian Guldberg">英語版</a>）</span></span>とワーゲが提唱した<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E9%87%8F%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8%E3%81%AE%E6%B3%95%E5%89%87" class="mw-disambig" title="質量作用の法則">質量作用の法則</a>（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_Mass_Action" class="extiw" title="en:Law of Mass Action">英語版</a>）で参照される。このタイプの反応の例として<a href="/wiki/%E7%92%B0%E5%8C%96%E4%BB%98%E5%8A%A0%E5%8F%8D%E5%BF%9C" title="環化付加反応">環化付加反応</a>が挙げられる。この反応の反応速度式は<span title="リンク先の項目はまだありません。新規の執筆や他言語版からの翻訳が望まれます。"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="「衝突理論」 (存在しないページ)">衝突理論</a><span style="font-size: 0.77em; font-weight: normal;" class="noprint">（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/collision_theory" class="extiw" title="en:collision theory">英語版</a>）</span></span>を用いて理想気体の第一法則から導ける。<a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B6%E8%A7%A3%E5%BA%A6" title="溶解度">溶解度</a>に低い液体の平衡の場合は、単純な確率論から結果が得られる<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>衝突理論によれば、3つの化学種が溶液中で衝突して反応する（三分子反応）確率は無視できるほど小さい。したがってそのような反応は素反応ではなく、質量作用の法則に従って二分子の反応の組に分けることができると考えられている<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。しかし、全体の反応速度を導き出すことが常に可能ではない。ただし<span title="リンク先の項目はまだありません。新規の執筆や他言語版からの翻訳が望まれます。"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%9A%E5%B8%B8%E7%8A%B6%E6%85%8B_(%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="「定常状態 (化学)」 (存在しないページ)">定常状態</a><span style="font-size: 0.77em; font-weight: normal;" class="noprint">（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/steady_state_(chemistry)" class="extiw" title="en:steady state (chemistry)">英語版</a>）</span></span>近似や<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%9F%E3%82%AB%E3%82%A8%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%A1%E3%83%B3%E3%83%86%E3%83%B3%E5%BC%8F" title="ミカエリス・メンテン式">ミカエリス・メンテン</a>の近似を用いることで反応速度式を導くことが可能な場合がある。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="脚注"><span id=".E8.84.9A.E6.B3.A8"></span>脚注</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%A0%E5%8F%8D%E5%BF%9C&action=edit&section=1" title="節を編集: 脚注"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="float:right; font-size:90%;">[<a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%84%9A%E6%B3%A8/%E8%AA%AD%E8%80%85%E5%90%91%E3%81%91" title="Help:脚注/読者向け"><span title="この欄の操作法">脚注の使い方</span></a>]</div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%9A%9B%E7%B4%94%E6%AD%A3%E3%83%BB%E5%BF%9C%E7%94%A8%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E9%80%A3%E5%90%88" title="国際純正・応用化学連合">IUPAC</a>, <i>Compendium of Chemical Terminology</i>, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). オンライン版:  (2006-) "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://goldbook.iupac.org/E02035.html">elementary reaction</a>".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Gillespie, D.T., A diffusional bimolecular propensity function, The <span title="リンク先の項目はまだありません。新規の執筆や他言語版からの翻訳が望まれます。"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Journal_of_Chemical_Physics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="「Journal of Chemical Physics」 (存在しないページ)">Journal of Chemical Physics</a><span style="font-size: 0.77em; font-weight: normal;" class="noprint">（<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal_of_Chemical_Physics" class="extiw" title="en:Journal of Chemical Physics">英語版</a>）</span></span> <b>131</b>, 164109 (2009)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Cook, GB and Gray, P. and Knapp, DG and Scott, SK, Bimolecular routes to cubic autocatalysis, The Journal of Physical Chemistry <b>93</b>, 2749--2755 (1989)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Aris, R. and Gray, P. and Scott, SK, Modelling cubic autocatalysis by successive bimolecular steps, Chemical Engineering Science <b>43'</b>, 207--211 (1988)</span> </li> </ol>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">「<a dir="ltr" href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=素反応&oldid=101294612">https://ja.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=素反応&oldid=101294612</a>」から取得</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%82%AB%E3%83%86%E3%82%B4%E3%83%AA" title="特別:カテゴリ">カテゴリ</a>: <ul><li><a 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