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fish</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: carnivorous fish"> <meta name="keywords" content="carnivorous fish"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="carnivorous fish"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 752</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: carnivorous fish</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">752</span> Mercury (Hg) Concentration in Fish Marketed in the São Luís Fish Market (MA) and Potential Exposure of Consumers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luiz%20Drude%20de%20Lacerda">Luiz Drude de Lacerda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Luiz%20Cordeiro%20Ferrer%20do%20Carmo"> Kevin Luiz Cordeiro Ferrer do Carmo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victor%20Lacerda%20Moura"> Victor Lacerda Moura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rayone%20Wesley%20Santos%20de%20Oliveira"> Rayone Wesley Santos de Oliveira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mois%C3%A9s%20Fernandes%20Bezerra"> Moisés Fernandes Bezerra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fish is a food source well recognized for its health benefits. However, the consumption of fish, especially carnivorous species, is the main path of human exposure to Hg, a widely distributed pollutant on the planet and that accumulates along food chains. Studies on the impacts on public health by fish intake show existing toxic risks even when at low concentrations. This study quantifies, for the first time, the concentrations of Hg in muscle tissue of the nine most commercialized fish species in the fish market of São Luís (MA) in north Brazil and estimates the consequent human exposure through consumption. Concentrations varied according to trophic level, with the highest found in the larger carnivorous species; the Yellow hake (Cynoscion acoupa) (296.4 ± 241.2 ng/g w.w) and the Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus) (262.8 ± 89.1 ng/g w.w.), whereas the lowest concentrations were recorded in iliophagous Mullets (Mugil curema) (20.5 ± 9.6 ng/g w.w.). Significant correlations were observed between Hg concentrations and individual length in only two species: the Flaming catfish (Bagre marinus) and the Atlantic bumper (Chloroscombrus crysurus). Given the relatively uniform size of individuals of the other species and/or the small number of samples, this relationship was not found for the other species. The estimated risk coefficients, despite the relatively low concentrations of Hg, suggest that yellow hake and Whitemouth croaker (Micropogonias furnieri), fish most consumed by the local population, present some risk to human health (> 1) HQ and THQ, depending on the frequency of their consumption. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contamination" title="contamination">contamination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish" title=" fish"> fish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20exposure" title=" human exposure"> human exposure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20assessment" title=" risk assessment"> risk assessment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159037/mercury-hg-concentration-in-fish-marketed-in-the-sao-luis-fish-market-ma-and-potential-exposure-of-consumers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159037.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">112</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">751</span> The Concentration of Natural Alpha Emitters Radionuclides in Fish and Their Contribution to the Internal Dose</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wagner%20Pereira">Wagner Pereira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alphonse%20Kelecom"> Alphonse Kelecom</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mining can impact the environment, and the major impact of some mining activities is the radiological impact. In human populations, such impact is well studied and regulated. For biota, this assessment always had as focus the protection of human food chain. The protection of biota itself is a new approach, still developing. In order to contribute to this new approach, fish collecting was carried out in areas of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM), where a uranium mine is in decommissioning phase. The activity concentrations were analyzed, in Bq/kg wet weight, for Uranium (Unat), Th-232 and Ra-226 in the lambari fish Astyanax bimaculatus L. (omnivorous fish) and in the traíra fish Hoplias malabaricus Bloch, 1794 (carnivorous fish). Seven composite samples (that is: a sufficient number of individuals to reach at least 2 kg of fresh weight) were collected every six months between 2013 and 2015. The mean activity concentrations (AC) for uranium ranged from 1.12 (lambari) to 0.60 (lungfish). For Th, variations ranged from 0.30 to 0.05 (lambari and traíra, respectively). Finally, the Ra-226 means ranged between 0.08 and 0.03. No temporal trends of accumulation could be identified. Systematically, the AC values of radionuclides were higher in omnivorous fish when compared to the carnivore ones. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biota%20dose" title="biota dose">biota dose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NORM" title=" NORM"> NORM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish" title=" fish"> fish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20protection" title=" environmental protection"> environmental protection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60939/the-concentration-of-natural-alpha-emitters-radionuclides-in-fish-and-their-contribution-to-the-internal-dose" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60939.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">258</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">750</span> The Resistance of Fish Outside of Water Medium</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Febri%20Ramadhan">Febri Ramadhan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Water medium is a vital necessity for the survival of fish. Fish can survive inside/outside of water medium within a certain time. By knowing the level of survival fish at outside of water medium, a person can transport the fish to a place with more efficiently. Transport of live fish from one place to another can be done with wet and dry media system. In this experiment the treatment-given the observed differences in fish species. This experiment aimed to test the degree of resilience of fish out of water media. Based on the ANOVA table is obtained, it can be concluded that the type of fish affects the level of resilience of fish outside the water (Fhit> Ftab). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish" title="fish">fish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transport" title=" transport"> transport</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retention%20rate" title=" retention rate"> retention rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish%20resiliance" title=" fish resiliance "> fish resiliance </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12212/the-resistance-of-fish-outside-of-water-medium" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12212.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">337</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">749</span> The Mouth and Gastrointestinal Tract of the African Lung Fish Protopterus annectens in River Niger at Agenebode, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marian%20Agbugui">Marian Agbugui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The West African Lung fishes are fishes rich in protein and serve as an important source of food supply for man. The kind of food ingested by this group of fishes is dependent on the alimentary canal as well as the fish’s digestive processes which provide suitable modifications for maximum utilization of food taken. A study of the alimentary canal of <em>P. annectens</em> will expose the best information on the anatomy and histology of the fish. Samples of <em>P. annectens</em> were dissected to reveal the liver, pancreas and entire gut wall. Digital pictures of the mouth, jaws and the Gastrointestinal Tract (GIT) were taken. The entire gut was identified, sectioned and micro graphed. <em>P. annectens</em> was observed to possess a terminal mouth that opens up to 10% of its total body length, an adaptive feature to enable the fish to swallow the whole of its pry. Its dentition is made up of incisors- scissor-like teeth which also help to firmly grip, seize and tear through the skin of prey before swallowing. A short, straight and longitudinal GIT was observed in <em>P. annectens </em>which is known to be common feature in lungfishes, though it is thought to be a primitive characteristic similar to the lamprey. The oesophagus is short and distensible similar to other predatory and carnivorous species. Food is temporarily stored in the stomach before it is passed down into the intestine. A pyloric aperture is seen at the end of the double folded pyloric valve which leads into an intestine that makes up 75% of the whole GIT. The intestine begins at the posterior end of the pyloric aperture and winds down in six coils through the whole length intestine and ends at the cloaca. From this study it is concluded that <em>P. annectens</em> possess a composite GIT with organs similar to other lung fishes; it is a detritor with carnivorous abilities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gastrointestinal%20tract" title="gastrointestinal tract">gastrointestinal tract</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=incisors%20scissor-like%20teeth" title=" incisors scissor-like teeth"> incisors scissor-like teeth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intestine" title=" intestine"> intestine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mucus" title=" mucus"> mucus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Protopterus%20annectens" title=" Protopterus annectens"> Protopterus annectens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=serosa" title=" serosa"> serosa</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100663/the-mouth-and-gastrointestinal-tract-of-the-african-lung-fish-protopterus-annectens-in-river-niger-at-agenebode-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100663.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">151</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">748</span> Comparative Analysis of Integrated and Non-Integrated Fish Farming in Ogun State, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20G.%20Abiona">B. G. Abiona</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study compared profitability analysis of integrated and non-integrated fish farming in Ogun State, Nigeria. Primary data were collected using interview guide. Random sampling techniques was used to select 133 non-integrated fish farmers (NIFF) and 216 integrated fish farmers (IFF) (n = 349) from the study area. Data were analyzed using Chi-square, T-test and Pearson Product moment correlation. Results showed that 92.5% of NIFF was male compared to IFF (90.7%). Also, 96.8% of IFF and 79.7% of NIFF were married. The mean ages of sampled farmers were 44 years (NIFF) and 46 years (IFF) while the mean fish farming experiences were 4 years (NIFF) and 5 years (IFF). Also, the average net profit per year of integrated fish farmers was ₦162,550 compared to NIFF (₦61,638). The chi-square analyses showed that knowledge of fish farming had significant relationship with respondents sex (χ2 = 9.44, df = 2, p < 0.05), age (r = 0.20, p< 0.05) and farming experience (r = p = 0.05). Significant differences exist between integrated and non-integrated fish farming, considering their knowledge of fish farming (t = 21.5, χ = 43.01, p < 0.05). The study concluded that IFF are more profitable compared to NIFF. It was recommended that private investors and NGOs should sponsor short training and courses which will enhance efficiency of fish farming to boost productivity among fish farmers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=profitability%20analysis" title="profitability analysis">profitability analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=farms" title=" farms"> farms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integration" title=" integration"> integration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7469/comparative-analysis-of-integrated-and-non-integrated-fish-farming-in-ogun-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7469.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">336</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">747</span> Clove Essential Oil Improves Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Activity in Tilapia Fish Fillet Cooked by Grilling and Microwaving</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Oskoueian">E. Oskoueian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Maroufyan"> E. Maroufyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20M.%20Goh"> Y. M. Goh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Ramezani-Fard"> E. Ramezani-Fard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Ebrahimi"> M. Ebrahimi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The fish meat plays an important role in the human health as it contains high quality protein. The tilapia fish considered as the third largest group of farmed fish. The oxidative deterioration of fish meat may occur during the cooking process. The proper cooking process and using natural antioxidant to prevent oxidation and enhance the quality of the tilapia fish fillet is necessary. Hence, this research was carried out to evaluate the potential of clove essential oil to prevent lipid peroxidation and enhance the antioxidant activity of tilapia fish fillet cooked using microwave and griller. The results showed that cooking using microwave significantly (p < 0.05) increased the lipid peroxidation and decreased the DPPH and ferric reducing activity power of the fish fillet as compared to grilling. The fortification of fish fillet using clove essential oil prevented from lipid peroxidation and enhanced the antioxidant activity of the fish fillet significantly (p < 0.05). Consequently, fortification of tilapia fish fillet using clove essential oil followed by cooking using griller to have high quality cooked fish meat is recommended. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant%20activity" title="antioxidant activity">antioxidant activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fillet" title=" fillet"> fillet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish" title=" fish"> fish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fortification" title=" fortification"> fortification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lipid%20peroxidation" title=" lipid peroxidation"> lipid peroxidation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1537/clove-essential-oil-improves-lipid-peroxidation-and-antioxidant-activity-in-tilapia-fish-fillet-cooked-by-grilling-and-microwaving" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1537.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">453</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">746</span> Patterns in Fish Diversity and Abundance of an Abandoned Gold Mine Reservoirs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20E.%20Obayemi">O. E. Obayemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Ayoade"> M. A. Ayoade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20O.%20Komolafe"> O. O. Komolafe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fish survey was carried out for an annual cycle covering both rainy and dry seasons using cast nets, gill nets and traps at two different reservoirs. The objective was to examined the fish assemblages of the reservoirs and provide more additional information on the reservoir. The fish species in the reservoirs comprised of twelve species of six families. The results of the study also showed that five species of fish were caught in reservoir five while ten fish species were captured in reservoir six. Species such as Malapterurus electricus, Ctenopoma kingsleyae, Mormyrus rume, Parachanna obscura, Sarotherodon galilaeus, Tilapia mariae, C. guntheri, Clarias macromystax, Coptodon zilii and Clarias gariepinus were caught during the sampling period. There was a significant difference (p=0.014, t = 1.711) in the abundance of fish species in the two reservoirs. Seasonally, reservoirs five (p=0.221, t = 1.859) and six (p=0.453, t = 1.734) showed there was no significant difference in their fish populations. Also, despite being impacted with gold mining the diversity indices were high when compared to less disturbed waterbodies. The study concluded that the environments recorded low abundant fish species which suggests the influence of mining on the abundance and diversity of fish species. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Igun" title="Igun">Igun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish" title=" fish"> fish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shannon-Wiener%20Index" title=" Shannon-Wiener Index"> Shannon-Wiener Index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simpson%20index" title=" Simpson index"> Simpson index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pielou%20index" title=" Pielou index"> Pielou index</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173907/patterns-in-fish-diversity-and-abundance-of-an-abandoned-gold-mine-reservoirs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173907.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">745</span> Higher Freshwater Fish and Sea Fish Intake Is Inversely Associated with Liver Cancer in Patients with Hepatitis B</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maomao%20Cao">Maomao Cao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and aims While the association between higher consumption of fish and lower liver cancer risk has been confirmed, however, the association between specific fish intake and liver cancer risk remains unknown. We aimed to identify the association between specific fish consumption and the risk of liver cancer. Methods: Based on a community-based seropositive hepatitis B cohort involving 18404 individuals, face to face interview was conducted by a standardized questionnaire to acquire baseline information. Three common fish types in this study were analyzed, including freshwater fish, sea fish, and small fish (shrimp, crab, conch, and shell). All participants received liver cancer screening, and possible cases were identified by CT or MRI. Multivariable logistic models were applied to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Multivariate multiple imputations were utilized to impute observations with missing values. Results: 179 liver cancer cases were identified. Consumption of freshwater fish and sea fish at least once a week had a strong inverse association with liver cancer risk compared with the lowest intake level, with an adjusted OR of 0.53 (95% CI, 0.38-0.75) and 0.38 (95% CI, 0.19-0.73), respectively. This inverse association was also observed after the imputation. There was no statistically significant association between intake of small fish and liver cancer risk (OR=0.58, 95%, CI 0.32-1.08). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that consumption of freshwater fish and sea fish at least once a week could reduce liver cancer risk. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross-sectional%20study" title="cross-sectional study">cross-sectional study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish%20intake" title=" fish intake"> fish intake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liver%20cancer" title=" liver cancer"> liver cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20factor" title=" risk factor"> risk factor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139256/higher-freshwater-fish-and-sea-fish-intake-is-inversely-associated-with-liver-cancer-in-patients-with-hepatitis-b" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139256.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">273</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">744</span> Determination of Cr Content in Canned Fish Marketed in Iran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soheil%20Sobhanardakani">Soheil Sobhanardakani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Vali%20Hosseini"> Seyed Vali Hosseini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lima%20Tayebi"> Lima Tayebi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The presence of heavy metals in the environment could constitute a hazard to food security and public health. These can be accumulated in aquatic animals such as fish. Samples of four popular brands of canned fish in the Iranian market (yellowfin tuna, common Kilka, Kawakawa, and longtail tuna) were analyzed for level of Cr after wet digestion with acids using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The mean concentrations for Cr in the different brands were: 2.57, 3.24, 3.16, and 1.65 μg/g for brands A, B, C, and D respectively. Significant differences were observed in the Cr levels between all of the different brands of canned fish evaluated in this study. The Cr concentrations for the varieties of canned fishes were generally within the FAO/WHO, U.S. FDA, and U.S. EPA recommended limits for fish. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metals" title="heavy metals">heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=essential%20metals" title=" essential metals"> essential metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=canned%20fish" title=" canned fish"> canned fish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20security" title=" food security"> food security</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19901/determination-of-cr-content-in-canned-fish-marketed-in-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19901.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">293</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">743</span> Characterization of Fish Bone Catalyst for Biodiesel Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarina%20Sulaiman">Sarina Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.Khairudin"> N.Khairudin </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.Jamal"> P.Jamal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.Z.%20Alam"> M.Z. Alam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zaki%20Zainudin"> Zaki Zainudin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Azmi"> S. Azmi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, fish bone waste was used as a new catalyst for biodiesel production. Instead of discarding the fish bone waste, it will be utilized as a source for catalyst that can provide significant benefit to the environment. Also, it can be substitute as a calcium oxide source instead of using eggshell, crab shell and snail shell. The XRD and SEM analysis proved that calcined fish bone contains calcium oxide, calcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite. The catalyst was characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcinations" title="calcinations">calcinations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish%20bone" title=" fish bone"> fish bone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transesterification" title=" transesterification"> transesterification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waste%20catalyst" title=" waste catalyst"> waste catalyst</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7717/characterization-of-fish-bone-catalyst-for-biodiesel-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7717.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">742</span> Effect of Chitosan and Ascorbic Acid Coating on the Refrigerated Tilapia Fish Fillet (Oreochromis niliticus)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jau-Shya%20Lee">Jau-Shya Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rossita%20Shapawi"> Rossita Shapawi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vin%20Cent%20Pua"> Vin Cent Pua</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tilapia is a popular cultured fresh-water fish in Malaysia. The highly perishable nature of the fish and increasing demand for high-quality ready-to-cook fish has intensified the search for better fish preservation method. Chitosan edible coating has been evident to extend the shelf life of fish fillet. This work was attempted to explore the potential of ascorbic acid in enhancing the shelf life extension ability of chitosan coated Tilapia fillet under refrigeration condition (4 ± 1oC). A 3 2 Factorial Design which comprising of three concentrations of chitosan (1, 1.5 and 2%) and two concentrations of ascorbic acids (2.5 and 5%) was used. The fish fillets were analyzed for total viable count, thiobarbituric acid (TBA) value, pH, aw and colour changes at 3-day interval over 15-day storage. The shelf life of chitosan coated (1.5% and 2%) fillet was increased to 15 days as compared to uncoated fish fillet which can only last for nine days. The inhibition of microbial growth of fish fillet was enhanced with the addition of 5% of ascorbic acids in 2% of chitosan. The TBA value, pH and aw for chitosan coated samples were found lower than that of uncoated sample (p<0.05). The colour stability of the fish fillet was also improved by the composite coating. Overall, 2% of chitosan and 5% of ascorbic acid formed the most effective coating to enhance the quality and to lengthen the shelf life of refrigerated Tilapia fillet. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ascorbic%20acid" title="ascorbic acid">ascorbic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chitosan" title=" chitosan"> chitosan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=edible%20coating" title=" edible coating"> edible coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish%20fillet" title=" fish fillet"> fish fillet</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74929/effect-of-chitosan-and-ascorbic-acid-coating-on-the-refrigerated-tilapia-fish-fillet-oreochromis-niliticus" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74929.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">394</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">741</span> Northern Westerrn Ghats of India Possess an Indigenous Fish Fauna: A Survey from Kudali River</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20A.%20Jamdade">R. A. Jamdade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rokade%20A.%20C."> Rokade A. C.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deshpande%20V.%20Y."> Deshpande V. Y.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The freshwater fish fauna of Kudali River, a northern right bank tributary of the Krishna River Western Ghats of India was studied. It is one of the smallest tributary of Krishna river and never been explored for fish fauna assessment. It extends over 23 Kms having 22 fish species belonging to 15 genera and 7 families, of these 3 species are endemic to Western Ghats, 2 are globaly endangered and 2 near to be threatened. Downstream the Kudal locality, the river is under the influence of anthropogenic activities and over fishing, where conservation action plans are needed to be undertaken for conservation of endangered and near to be threatened fish fauna. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=freshwater" title="freshwater">freshwater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish" title=" fish"> fish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fauna" title=" fauna"> fauna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=western%20Ghats" title=" western Ghats"> western Ghats</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anthropogenic%20activity" title=" anthropogenic activity"> anthropogenic activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conservation" title=" conservation"> conservation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24106/northern-westerrn-ghats-of-india-possess-an-indigenous-fish-fauna-a-survey-from-kudali-river" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24106.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">548</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">740</span> Radionuclide Determination Study for Some Fish Species in Kuwait </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Almutairi">Ahmad Almutairi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Kuwait lies to the northwest of the Arabian Gulf. The levels of radionuclides are unknown in this area. Radionuclide like ²¹⁰Po, ²²⁶Ra, and ⁹⁰Sr accumulated in certain body tissues and bones, relate primarily to dietary uptake and inhalation. A large fraction of radiation exposure experienced by individuals comes from food chain transfer. In this study, some types of Kuwait fish were studied for radionuclide determination. These fish were taken from the Kuwaiti water territory during May. The study is to determine the radiation exposure for ²¹⁰Po in some fish species in Kuwait the ²¹⁰Po concentration was found to be between 0.089 and 2.544 Bq/kg the highs was in Zubaidy and the lowest was in Hamour. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20radionuclide" title="the radionuclide">the radionuclide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20exposure" title=" radiation exposure"> radiation exposure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish%20species" title=" fish species"> fish species</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zubaida" title=" Zubaida"> Zubaida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamour" title=" Hamour "> Hamour </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91837/radionuclide-determination-study-for-some-fish-species-in-kuwait" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91837.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">202</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">739</span> Sorting Fish by Hu Moments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20M.%20Hern%C3%A1ndez-Ontiveros">J. M. Hernández-Ontiveros</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20E.%20Garc%C3%ADa-Guerrero"> E. E. García-Guerrero</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Inzunza-Gonz%C3%A1lez"> E. Inzunza-González</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20R.%20L%C3%B3pez-Bonilla"> O. R. López-Bonilla</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the implementation of an algorithm that identifies and accounts different fish species: Catfish, Sea bream, Sawfish, Tilapia, and Totoaba. The main contribution of the method is the fusion of the characteristics of invariance to the position, rotation and scale of the Hu moments, with the proper counting of fish. The identification and counting is performed, from an image under different noise conditions. From the experimental results obtained, it is inferred the potentiality of the proposed algorithm to be applied in different scenarios of aquaculture production. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=counting%20fish" title="counting fish">counting fish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20image%20processing" title=" digital image processing"> digital image processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=invariant%20moments" title=" invariant moments"> invariant moments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pattern%20recognition" title=" pattern recognition"> pattern recognition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27652/sorting-fish-by-hu-moments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27652.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">409</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">738</span> The Impact of Climate Change on Sustainable Aquaculture Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peyman%20Mosberian-Tanha">Peyman Mosberian-Tanha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mona%20Rezaei"> Mona Rezaei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aquaculture sector is the fastest growing food sector with annual growth rate of about 10%. The sustainability of aquaculture production, however, has been debated mainly in relation to the feed ingredients used for farmed fish. The industry has been able to decrease its dependency on marine-based ingredients in line with policies for more sustainable production. As a result, plant-based ingredients have increasingly been incorporated in aquaculture feeds, especially in feeds for popular carnivorous species, salmonids. The effect of these ingredients on salmonids’ health and performance has been widely studied. In most cases, plant-based diets are associated with varying degrees of health and performance issues across salmonids, partly depending on inclusion levels of plant ingredients and the species in question. However, aquaculture sector is facing another challenge of concern. Environmental challenges in association with climate change is another issue the aquaculture sector must deal with. Data from trials in salmonids subjected to environmental challenges of various types show adverse physiological responses, partly in relation to stress. To date, there are only a limited number of studies reporting the interactive effects of adverse environmental conditions and dietary regimens on salmonids. These studies have shown that adverse environmental conditions exacerbate the detrimental effect of plant-based diets on digestive function and health in salmonids. This indicates an additional challenge for the aquaculture sector to grow in a sustainable manner. The adverse environmental conditions often studied in farmed fish is the change in certain water quality parameters such as oxygen and/or temperature that are typically altered in response to climate change and, more specifically, global warming. In a challenge study, we observed that the in the fish fed a plant-based diet, the fish’s ability to absorb dietary energy was further reduced when reared under low oxygen level. In addition, gut health in these fish was severely impaired. Some other studies also confirm the adverse effect of environmental challenge on fish’s gut health. These effects on the digestive function and gut health of salmonids may result in less resistance to diseases and weaker performance with significant economic and ethical implications. Overall, various findings indicate the multidimensional negative effects of climate change, as a major environmental issue, in different sectors, including aquaculture production. Therefore, a comprehensive evaluation of different ways to cope with climate change is essential for planning more sustainable strategies in aquaculture sector. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquaculture" title="aquaculture">aquaculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title=" climate change"> climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=salmonids" title=" salmonids"> salmonids</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144537/the-impact-of-climate-change-on-sustainable-aquaculture-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144537.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">188</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">737</span> Counter-Current Extraction of Fish Oil and Toxic Elements from Fish Waste Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parvaneh%20Hajeb">Parvaneh Hajeb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahram%20Shakibazadeh"> Shahram Shakibazadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md.%20Zaidul%20Islam%20Sarker"> Md. Zaidul Islam Sarker</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> High-quality fish oil for human consumption requires low levels of toxic elements. The aim of this study was to develop a method to extract oil from fish wastes with the least toxic elements contamination. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) was applied to detoxify fish oils from toxic elements. The SFE unit used consisted of an intelligent HPLC pump equipped with a cooling jacket to deliver CO2. The freeze-dried fish waste sample was extracted by heating in a column oven. Under supercritical conditions, the oil dissolved in CO2 was separated from the supercritical phase using pressure reduction. The SFE parameters (pressure, temperature, CO2 flow rate, and extraction time) were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) to extract the highest levels of toxic elements. The results showed that toxic elements in fish oil can be reduced using supercritical CO2 at optimum pressure 40 MPa, temperature 61 ºC, CO2 flow rate 3.8 MPa, and extraction time 4.25 hr. There were significant reductions in the mercury (98.2%), cadmium (98.9%), arsenic (96%), and lead contents (99.2%) of the fish oil. The fish oil extracted using this method contained elements at levels that were much lower than the accepted limits of 0.1 μg/g. The reduction of toxic elements using the SFE method was more efficient than that of the conventional methods due to the high selectivity of supercritical CO2 for non-polar compounds. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20safety" title="food safety">food safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toxic%20elements" title=" toxic elements"> toxic elements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish%20oil" title=" fish oil"> fish oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supercritical%20carbon%20dioxide" title=" supercritical carbon dioxide"> supercritical carbon dioxide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8379/counter-current-extraction-of-fish-oil-and-toxic-elements-from-fish-waste-using-supercritical-carbon-dioxide" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8379.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">423</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">736</span> Modulation of Fish Allergenicity towards the Production of a Low Allergen Farmed Fish</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Denise%20Schrama">Denise Schrama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Claudia%20Raposo"> Claudia Raposo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20Rodrigues"> Pedro Rodrigues</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Food allergies are conducted by a hypersensitive response of the immune system. These allergies are a global concern for the public health. Consumption of fish is increasing worldwide as it is a healthy meat with high nutritional value. Unfortunately, fish can cause adverse immune-mediate reactions, affecting part of the population with higher incidence in children. β-parvalbumin, a small, highly conserved stable, calcium or magnesium binding muscle protein is the main fish allergen. In fish-allergic patients, cross-reactivity between different fish species exist due to recognition of highly identical protein regions. Enolases, aldolases, or fish gelatin are other identified fish allergens in some fish species. With no available cure for fish allergies, clinical management is only based on an avoidance diet aiming at the total exclusion of offending food. Methods: Mediterranean fish (S. aurata and D. labrax) were fed specifically designed diets, enriched in components that target the expression or inactivation of parvalbumin (creatine and EDTA, respectively). After 90 days fish were sampled and biological tissues were excised. Proteomics was used to access fish allergens characterization and expression in muscle while IgE assays to confirm the lower allergenic potential are conducted in patients with history of fish allergies. Fish welfare and quality of flesh were established with biochemical, texture and sensorial analysis. Results: Fish welfare shows no major impact between diets. In case of creatine supplementation in D. labrax proteomic analysis show a slight decrease in parvalbumin expression. No accumulation of this compound was found in muscle. For EDTA supplementation in S. aurata IgE assay show a slight decrease in allergenicity when using sera of fish allergic patients. Conclusion: Supplementation with these two compounds seems to change slightly the allergenicity of the two mean Mediterranean species. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish%20allergies" title="fish allergies">fish allergies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish%20nutrition" title=" fish nutrition"> fish nutrition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proteomics" title=" proteomics"> proteomics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquaculture" title=" aquaculture"> aquaculture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93373/modulation-of-fish-allergenicity-towards-the-production-of-a-low-allergen-farmed-fish" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93373.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">735</span> Fermented Unripe Plantain (Musa paradisiacal) Peel Meal as a Replacement for Maize in the Diet of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Fingerlings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20A.%20Bamidele">N. A. Bamidele</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20O.%20Obasa"> S. O. Obasa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20O.%20Taiwo"> I. O. Taiwo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Abdulraheem"> I. Abdulraheem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20C.%20Odebiyi"> O. C. Odebiyi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Adeoye"> A. A. Adeoye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20E.%20Babalola"> O. E. Babalola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20V.%20Uzamere"> O. V. Uzamere</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effect of fermented unripe plantain peel meal (FUP) on growth performance, nutrients digestibility and economic indices of production of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings. Fingerlings (150) of Nile tilapia (1.70±0.1g) were stocked at 10 per plastic tank. Five iso-nitrogenous diets containing 40% crude protein in which maize meal was replaced by fermented unripe plantain peel meal at 0% (FUP0), 25% (FUP25), 50% (FUP50), 75% (FUP75) and 100% (FUP100) were formulated and prepared. The fingerlings were fed at 5% body weight per day for 56 days. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in all the growth parameters among the treatments. Feed conversion ratio of 1.35 in fish fed diet FUP25 was not significantly different (P > 0.05) from 1.42 of fish fed diet FUP0. Apparent protein digestibility of 86.94% in fish fed diet FUP100 was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than 70.37% in fish fed diet FUP0 while apparent carbohydrate of 88.34% in fish fed diet FUP0 was significantly different (p < 0.05) from 70.29% of FUP100. Red blood cell (4.30 ml/mm3) of fish fed diet FUP100 was not significantly different from 4.13 ml/mm3 of fish fed diet FUP50. The highest percentage profit of 88.85% in fish fed diet FUP100 was significantly higher than 66.68% in fish fed diet FUP0 while the profit index of 1.89 in fish fed diet FUP100 was significantly different from 1.67 in fish fed diet FUP0. Therefore, fermented unripe plantain peel meal can completely replace maize in the diet of O. niloticus fingerlings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fermentation" title="fermentation">fermentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish%20diets" title=" fish diets"> fish diets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plantain%20peel" title=" plantain peel"> plantain peel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tilapia" title=" tilapia"> tilapia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25105/fermented-unripe-plantain-musa-paradisiacal-peel-meal-as-a-replacement-for-maize-in-the-diet-of-nile-tilapia-oreochromis-niloticus-fingerlings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25105.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">537</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">734</span> Quality Analysis of Lake Malawi's Diplotaxodon Fish Species Processed in Solar Tent Dryer versus Open Sun Drying</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20Banda">James Banda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jupiter%20Simbeye"> Jupiter Simbeye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Essau%20Chisale"> Essau Chisale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Geoffrey%20Kanyerere"> Geoffrey Kanyerere</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kings%20Kamtambe"> Kings Kamtambe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Improved solar tent dryers for processing small fish species were designed to reduce post-harvest fish losses and improve supply of quality fish products in the southern part of Lake Malawi under CultiAF project. A comparative analysis of the quality of Diplotaxodon (Ndunduma) from Lake Malawi processed in solar tent dryer and open sun drying was conducted using proximate analysis, microbial analysis and sensory evaluation. Proximates for solar tent dried fish and open sun dried fish in terms of proteins, fats, moisture and ash were 63.3±0.15% and 63.3±0.34%, 19.6±0.09% and 19.9±0.25%, 8.3±0.12% and 17.0±0.01%, and 15.6±0.61% and 21.9±0.91% respectively. Crude protein and crude fat showed non-significant differences (p = 0.05), while moisture and ash content were significantly different (p = 001). Open sun dried fish had significantly higher numbers of viable bacteria counts (5.2×10⁶ CFU) than solar tent dried fish (3.9×10² CFU). Most isolated bacteria from solar tent dried and open sun dried fish were 1.0×10¹ and 7.2×10³ for Total coliform, 0 and 4.5 × 10³ for Escherishia coli, 0 and 7.5 × 10³ for Salmonella, 0 and 5.7×10² for shigella, 4.0×10¹ and 6.1×10³ for Staphylococcus, 1.0×10¹ and 7.0×10² for vibrio. Qualitative evaluation of sensory properties showed higher acceptability of 3.8 for solar tent dried fish than 1.7 for open sun dried fish. It is concluded that promotion of solar tent drying in processing small fish species in Malawi would support small-scale fish processors to produce quality fish in terms of nutritive value, reduced microbial contamination, sensory acceptability and reduced moisture content. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diplotaxodon" title="diplotaxodon">diplotaxodon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malawi" title=" Malawi"> Malawi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20sun%20drying" title=" open sun drying"> open sun drying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20tent%20drying" title=" solar tent drying"> solar tent drying</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53029/quality-analysis-of-lake-malawis-diplotaxodon-fish-species-processed-in-solar-tent-dryer-versus-open-sun-drying" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53029.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">336</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">733</span> Fish Scales as a Nonlethal Screening Tools for Assessing the Effects of Surface Water Contaminants in Cyprinus Carpio</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahid%20Mahboob">Shahid Mahboob</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hafiz%20Muhammad%20Ashraf"> Hafiz Muhammad Ashraf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salma%20Sultana"> Salma Sultana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tayyaba%20Sultana"> Tayyaba Sultana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khalid%20Al-Ghanim"> Khalid Al-Ghanim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahid%20Al-Misned"> Fahid Al-Misned</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zubair%20Ahmedd"> Zubair Ahmedd</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is an increasing need for an effective tool to estimate the risks derived from the large number of pollutants released to the environment by human activities. Typical screening procedures are highly invasive or lethal to the fish. Recent studies show that fish scales biochemically respond to a range of contaminants, including toxic metals, organic compounds, and endocrine disruptors. The present study evaluated the effects of the surface water contaminants on Cyprinus carpio in the Ravi River by comparing DNA extracted non-lethally from their scales to DNA extracted from the scales of fish collected from a controlled fish farm. A single, random sampling was conducted. Fish were broadly categorised into three weight categories (W1, W2 and W3). The experimental samples in the W1, W2 and W3 categories had an average DNA concentration (µg/µl) that was lower than the control samples. All control samples had a single DNA band; whereas the experimental samples in W1 fish had 1 to 2 bands, the experimental samples in W2 fish had two bands and the experimental samples in W3 fish had fragmentation in the form of three bands. These bands exhibit the effects of pollution on fish in the Ravi River. On the basis findings of this study, we propose that fish scales can be successfully employed as a new non-lethal tool for the evaluation of the effect of surface water contaminants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish%20scales" title="fish scales">fish scales</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cyprinus%20carpio" title=" Cyprinus carpio"> Cyprinus carpio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metals" title=" heavy metals"> heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-invasive" title=" non-invasive"> non-invasive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20fragmentation" title=" DNA fragmentation"> DNA fragmentation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28624/fish-scales-as-a-nonlethal-screening-tools-for-assessing-the-effects-of-surface-water-contaminants-in-cyprinus-carpio" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28624.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">414</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">732</span> Valorization Cascade Approach of Fish By-Products towards a Zero-Waste Future: A Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joana%20Carvalho">Joana Carvalho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Margarida%20Soares"> Margarida Soares</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A9%20Ribeiro"> André Ribeiro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucas%20Nascimento"> Lucas Nascimento</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N%C3%A1dia%20Val%C3%A9rio"> Nádia Valério</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zlatina%20Genisheva"> Zlatina Genisheva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Following the exponential growth of human population, a remarkable increase in the amount of fish waste has been produced worldwide. The fish processing industry generates a considerable amount of by-products which represents a considerable environmental problem. Accordingly, the reuse and valorisation of these by-products is a key process for marine resource preservation. The significant volume of fish waste produced worldwide, along with its environmental impact, underscores the urgent need for the adoption of sustainable practices. The transformative potential of utilizing fish processing waste to create industrial value is gaining recognition. The substantial amounts of waste generated by the fish processing industry present both environmental challenges and economic inefficiencies. Different added-value products can be recovered by the valorisation industries, whereas fishing companies can save costs associated with the management of those wastes, with associated advantages, not only in terms of economic income but also considering the environmental impacts. Fish processing by-products have numerous applications; the target portfolio of products will be fish oil, fish protein hydrolysates, bacteriocins, pigments, vitamins, collagen, and calcium-rich powder, targeting food products, additives, supplements, and nutraceuticals. This literature review focuses on the main valorisation ways of fish wastes and different compounds with a high commercial value obtained by fish by-products and their possible applications in different fields. Highlighting its potential in sustainable resource management strategies can play and important role in reshaping the fish processing industry, driving it towards circular economy and consequently more sustainable future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish%20process%20industry" title="fish process industry">fish process industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish%20wastes" title=" fish wastes"> fish wastes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=by-products" title=" by-products"> by-products</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circular%20economy" title=" circular economy"> circular economy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192280/valorization-cascade-approach-of-fish-by-products-towards-a-zero-waste-future-a-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192280.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">17</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">731</span> Effect of Rapeseed Press Cake on Extrusion System Parameters and Physical Pellet Quality of Fish Feed</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna%20Martin">Anna Martin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raffael%20Osen"> Raffael Osen </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The demand for fish from aquaculture is constantly growing. Concurrently, due to a shortage of fishmeal caused by extensive overfishing, fishmeal substitution by plant proteins is getting increasingly important for the production of sustainable aquafeed. Several research studies evaluated the impact of plant protein meals, concentrates or isolates on fish health and fish feed quality. However, these protein raw materials often require elaborate and expensive manufacturing and their availability is limited. Rapeseed press cake (RPC) – a side product of de-oiling processes – exhibits a high potential as a plant-based fishmeal alternative in fish feed for carnivorous species due to its availability, low costs and protein content. In order to produce aquafeed with RPC, it is important to systematically assess i) inclusion levels of RPC with similar pellet qualities compared to fishmeal containing formulations and ii) how extrusion parameters can be adjusted to achieve targeted pellet qualities. However, the effect of RPC on extrusion system parameters and pellet quality has only scarcely been investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of feed formulation, extruder barrel temperature (90, 100, 110 °C) and screw speed (200, 300, 400 rpm) on extrusion system parameters and the physical properties of fish feed pellets. A co-rotating pilot-scale twin screw extruder was used to produce five iso-nitrogenous feed formulations: a fish meal based reference formulation including 16 g/100g fishmeal and four formulations in which fishmeal was substituted by RPC to 25, 50, 75 or 100 %. Extrusion system parameters, being product temperature, pressure at the die, specific mechanical energy (SME) and torque, were monitored while samples were taken. After drying, pellets were analyzed regarding to optical appearance, sectional and longitudinal expansion, sinking velocity, bulk density, water stability, durability and specific hardness. In our study, the addition of minor amounts of RPC already had high impact on pellet quality parameters, especially on expansion but only marginally affected extrusion system parameters. Increasing amounts of RPC reduced sectional expansion, sinking velocity, bulk density and specific hardness and increased longitudinal expansion compared to a reference formulation without RPC. Water stability and durability were almost not affected by RPC addition. Moreover, pellets with rapeseed components showed a more coarse structure than pellets containing only fishmeal. When the adjustment of barrel temperature and screw speed was investigated, it could be seen that the increase of extruder barrel temperature led to a slight decrease of SME and die pressure and an increased sectional expansion of the reference pellets but did almost not affect rapeseed containing fish feed pellets. Also changes in screw speed had little effects on the physical properties of pellets however with raised screw speed the SME and the product temperature increased. In summary, a one-to-one substitution of fishmeal with RPC without the adjustment of extrusion process parameters does not result in fish feed of a designated quality. Therefore, a deeper knowledge of raw materials and their behavior under thermal and mechanical stresses as applied during extrusion is required. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extrusion" title="extrusion">extrusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish%20feed" title=" fish feed"> fish feed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=press%20cake" title=" press cake"> press cake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rapeseed" title=" rapeseed "> rapeseed </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95338/effect-of-rapeseed-press-cake-on-extrusion-system-parameters-and-physical-pellet-quality-of-fish-feed" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95338.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">730</span> Scanning Electron Microscopy of the Erythrocytes of Channa punctatus (Bloch) Exposed to Mercuric Chloride</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shweta%20Maheshwari">Shweta Maheshwari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anish%20Dua"> Anish Dua</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hematological changes reflect the adverse effects of heavy metals on fish. Hematology is a valuable tool to evaluate pathological condition of the fish. It helps in diagnosing the structural and functional status of fish exposed to toxicants. Morphological alteration in erythrocytes due to environmental stress can be studied through ultra-structural analysis. The aim of the present study was to assess the toxicity of mercuric chloride on red blood cells of an air breathing fish, Channa punctatus. Fish were subjected to chronic experiments using three sublethal concentration of mercuric chloride (0.020mg/L, 0.027mg/L, 0.040mg/L) for a period of 15, 30 and 60 days. Exposed fish of all the three concentrations were subjected to a recovery period of 30 days. A control was maintained in tap water simultaneously. For SEM analysis, blood from caudal vein of fish was taken and examined at an accelerating voltage of 20kV. Scanning electron micrographs revealed elliptical shaped erythrocytes of control fish. Alterations in the erythrocyte morphology such as presence of spherocytes, membrane internalization, crenation of membrane and development of lobopodial projections were observed in the exposed fish. The study revealed that ultra-structural analysis appears to be a sensitive method to evaluate the toxicity of various toxicants to fish. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Channa%20punctatus" title="Channa punctatus">Channa punctatus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=erythrocytes" title=" erythrocytes"> erythrocytes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mercuric%20chloride" title=" mercuric chloride"> mercuric chloride</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scanning%20electron%20microscopy" title=" scanning electron microscopy"> scanning electron microscopy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37384/scanning-electron-microscopy-of-the-erythrocytes-of-channa-punctatus-bloch-exposed-to-mercuric-chloride" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37384.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">371</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">729</span> Radiological Assessment of Fish Samples Due to Natural Radionuclides in River Yobe, North Eastern Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20T.%20Abba">H. T. Abba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abbas%20Baba%20Kura"> Abbas Baba Kura </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Assessment of natural radioactivity of some fish samples in river Yobe was conducted, using gamma spectroscopy method with NaI(TI) detector. Radioactivity is phenomenon that leads to production of radiations, whereas radiation is known to trigger or induce cancer. The fish were analyzed to estimate the radioactivity (activity) concentrations due to natural radionuclides (Radium 222(226Ra), Thorium 232 (232Th) and Potassium 40 (40K)). The obtained result show that the activity concentration for (226Ra), in all the fish samples collected ranges from 15.23±2.45 BqKg-1 to 67.39±2.13 BqKg-1 with an average value of 34.13±1.34 BqKg-1. That of 232Th, ranges from 42.66±0.81 BqKg-1 to 201.18±3.82 BqKg-1, and the average value stands at 96.01±3.82 BqKg-1. The activity concentration for 40K, ranges between 243.3±1.56 BqKg-1 to 618.2±2.81 BqKg-1 and the average is 413.92±1.7 BqKg-1. This study indicated that average daily intake due to natural activity from the fish is valued at 0.913 Bq/day, 2.577Bq/day and 11.088 Bq/day for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K respectively. This shows that the activity concentration values for fish, shows a promising result with most of the fish activity concentrations been within the acceptable limits. However locations (F02, F07 and F12) fish, became outliers with significant values of 112.53μSvy-1, 121.11μSvy-1 and 114.32μSvy-1 effective Dose. This could be attributed to variation in geological formations within the river as while as the feeding habits of these fish. The work shows that consumers of fish from River Yobe have no risk of radioactivity ingestion, even though no amount of radiation is assumed to be totally safe. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation" title="radiation">radiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radio-activity" title=" radio-activity"> radio-activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dose" title=" dose"> dose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radionuclides" title=" radionuclides"> radionuclides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=river%20Yobe" title=" river Yobe "> river Yobe </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12312/radiological-assessment-of-fish-samples-due-to-natural-radionuclides-in-river-yobe-north-eastern-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12312.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">318</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">728</span> Sewage Induced Behavioural Responses in an Air-Breathing Fish, Pangasius pangasius</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sasikala%20Govindaraj">Sasikala Govindaraj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Palanisamy"> P. Palanisamy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20M.%20Natarajan"> G. M. Natarajan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Domestic sewage poses major threats to the aquatic environment in third world countries due to lack of technical and economic sources which can have significant impacts on fish. The tolerance limits to toxicants found in domestic effluents vary among species and their integrative effects may lead to reproductive failure and reduction of survival and growth of the more sensitive fish species. The mechanism of action of toxic substances upon various concentrations of sewage was taken aiming to evaluate locomotory, physiological, neurological and morbidity response of fish. The rapid biomonitoring assessment technique for qualitative evaluation of various industrial pollutants, behavioral responses of an air-breathing fish Pangasius pangasius were used as biomarkers for water quality assessment. The present investigation concluded that sewage is highly toxic to the fish and severely affects their physiology and behavior. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air-breathing%20organs" title="air-breathing organs">air-breathing organs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behavioral" title=" behavioral"> behavioral</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=locomotory" title=" locomotory"> locomotory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morbidity" title=" morbidity"> morbidity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neurological" title=" neurological"> neurological</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physiological" title=" physiological"> physiological</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sewage" title=" sewage"> sewage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69385/sewage-induced-behavioural-responses-in-an-air-breathing-fish-pangasius-pangasius" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69385.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">281</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">727</span> Effect of Different Model Drugs on the Properties of Model Membranes from Fishes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Kumpugdee-Vollrath">M. Kumpugdee-Vollrath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20G.%20D.%20Phu"> T. G. D. Phu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Helmis"> M. Helmis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A suitable model membrane to study the pharmacological effect of pharmaceutical products is <em>human stratum corneum</em> because this layer of human skin is the outermost layer and it is an important barrier to be passed through. Other model membranes which were also used are for example skins from pig, mouse, reptile or fish. We are interested in fish skins in this project. The advantages of the fish skins are, that they can be obtained from the supermarket or fish shop. However, the fish skins should be freshly prepared and used directly without storage. In order to understand the effect of different model drugs e.g. lidocaine HCl, resveratrol, paracetamol, ibuprofen, acetyl salicylic acid on the properties of the model membrane from various types of fishes e.g. trout, salmon, cod, plaice permeation tests were performed and differential scanning calorimetry was applied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish%20skin" title="fish skin">fish skin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model%20membrane" title=" model membrane"> model membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=permeation" title=" permeation"> permeation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DSC" title=" DSC"> DSC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lidocaine%20HCl" title=" lidocaine HCl"> lidocaine HCl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resveratrol" title=" resveratrol"> resveratrol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paracetamol" title=" paracetamol"> paracetamol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ibuprofen" title=" ibuprofen"> ibuprofen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acetyl%20salicylic%20acid" title=" acetyl salicylic acid"> acetyl salicylic acid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29524/effect-of-different-model-drugs-on-the-properties-of-model-membranes-from-fishes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29524.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">470</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">726</span> Mechanistic Insights Into The Change Behavior; Its Relationship With Water Velocity, Nanoparticles, Gut Bacterial Composition, And Its Functional Metabolites</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mian%20Adnan%20Kakakhel">Mian Adnan Kakakhel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NIshita%20Narwal"> NIshita Narwal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Majid%20Rasta"> Majid Rasta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shi%20Xiaotao"> Shi Xiaotao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The widespread use of nanoparticles means that they are significantly increasing in the aquatic ecosystem, where they are likely to pose threat to aquatic organism. In particular, the influence of nanoparticles exposure combined with varying water velocities on fish behavior remain poorly understood. Emerging evidences suggested a probable correlation between fish swimming behavior and gut bacterial dysbiosis. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the effects of nanomaterials in different water velocities on fish gut bacterial composition, which in results change in fish swimming behavior. The obtained findings showed that the contamination of nanoparticles was reduced as the velocity increased. However, the synergetic effects of nanoparticles and water velocity significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the bacterial composition, which plays a critical role in fish development, metabolism, digestion, enzymes production, and energy production such as Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. This group of bacterial also support fish in swimming behavior by providing them a significant energy during movement. The obtained findings of this study suggested that the presence of nanoparticles in different water velocities have had a significant correlation with fish gut bacterial dysbiosis, as results the gut dysbiosis had been linked to the change in fish behavior. The study provides an important insight into the mechanisms by which the nanoparticles possibly affect the fish behavior. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20velocities" title="water velocities">water velocities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish%20behavior" title=" fish behavior"> fish behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gut%20bacteria" title=" gut bacteria"> gut bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=secondary%20metabolites" title=" secondary metabolites"> secondary metabolites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regulation" title=" regulation"> regulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176617/mechanistic-insights-into-the-change-behavior-its-relationship-with-water-velocity-nanoparticles-gut-bacterial-composition-and-its-functional-metabolites" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176617.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">82</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">725</span> Contamination with Heavy Metals of Frozen Fish Sold in Open Markets in Ondo City, Southwest Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adebisi%20M.%20Tiamiyu">Adebisi M. Tiamiyu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adewale%20F.%20Adeyemi"> Adewale F. Adeyemi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olu-Ayobamikale%20V.%20Irewunmi"> Olu-Ayobamikale V. Irewunmi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fish consumption has increased in recent years in both developing and advanced countries, owing to increased awareness of its nutritional and therapeutic benefits and its availability and affordability relative to other animal protein sources. Fish and fish products, however, are extremely prone to contamination by a wide range of hazardous organic and inorganic substances. This study assessed the levels of three heavy metals, copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn), in frozen fish imported into Nigeria and sold in Ondo City for their safety for human consumption as recommended by WHO and FEPA. Three species of frozen fish (Scombrus scombrus, Merluccius merluccius, and Clupea harengus) were purchased, and the wet tissues (gills, muscles, and liver) were digested using a 3:1 mixture of nitric acid (HNO3) and hydrochloric acid (HCL). An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) was used to detect the amount of metal in the tissues. The levels of heavy metals in different fish species' organs varied. The fish had Zn > Fe > Cu heavy metal concentrations in that order. While the concentration of Cu and Fe in the tissues of all three fish species studied were within the WHO and FEPA prescribed limits for food fish, the concentration of Zn in the muscles of M. merluccius (0.262±0.052), C. harengus harengus (0.327±0.099), and S. scombrus (0.362±0.119) was above the prescribed limit (0.075 ppm) set by FEPA. An excessive amount of zinc in the body can cause nausea, headaches, decreased immunity, and appetite loss. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metal" title="heavy metal">heavy metal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atomic%20absorption%20spectrophotometer" title=" atomic absorption spectrophotometer"> atomic absorption spectrophotometer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fish" title=" fish"> fish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agencies" title=" agencies"> agencies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/180540/contamination-with-heavy-metals-of-frozen-fish-sold-in-open-markets-in-ondo-city-southwest-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/180540.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">69</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">724</span> Planktivorous Fish Schooling Responses to Current at Natural and Artificial Reefs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matthew%20Holland">Matthew Holland</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jason%20Everett"> Jason Everett</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Cox"> Martin Cox</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iain%20Suthers"> Iain Suthers</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> High spatial-resolution distribution of planktivorous reef fish can reveal behavioural adaptations to optimise the balance between feeding success and predator avoidance. We used a multi-beam echosounder to record bathymetry and the three-dimensional distribution of fish schools associated with natural and artificial reefs. We utilised generalised linear models to assess the distribution, orientation, and aggregation of fish schools relative to the structure, vertical relief, and currents. At artificial reefs, fish schooled more closely to the structure and demonstrated a preference for the windward side, particularly when exposed to strong currents. Similarly, at natural reefs fish demonstrated a preference for windward aspects of bathymetry, particularly when associated with high vertical relief. Our findings suggest that under conditions with stronger current velocity, fish can exercise their preference to remain close to structure for predator avoidance, while still receiving an adequate supply of zooplankton delivered by the current. Similarly, when current velocity is low, fish tend to disperse for better access to zooplankton. As artificial reefs are generally deployed with the goal of creating productivity rather than simply attracting fish from elsewhere, we advise that future artificial reefs be designed as semi-linear arrays perpendicular to the prevailing current, with multiple tall towers. This will facilitate the conversion of dispersed zooplankton into energy for higher trophic levels, enhancing reef productivity and fisheries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20reef" title="artificial reef">artificial reef</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=current" title=" current"> current</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forage%20fish" title=" forage fish"> forage fish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-beam" title=" multi-beam"> multi-beam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=planktivorous%20fish" title=" planktivorous fish"> planktivorous fish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reef%20fish" title=" reef fish"> reef fish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=schooling" title=" schooling"> schooling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110547/planktivorous-fish-schooling-responses-to-current-at-natural-and-artificial-reefs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110547.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">158</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">723</span> Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Estuarine Fish from Dhaka City Markets </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahmida%20Khalique%20Nitu">Fahmida Khalique Nitu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Little is known on the biosafety level of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in estuarine fish in Bangladesh. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and concentration of V. parahaemolyticus in estuarine fishes using the Polymerase Chain Reaction( PCR) method . The study was conducted on 37 fishes of different species from different types of estuarine fish commonly sold at city markets. Sampling was done on the intestinal tract and gills of each fish. The prevalence of V. parahaemolyticus was found to be 29.72% with higher percentages detected in samples from the gills (89.28%) followed by the intestinal tract (10.71%). The density of Vibrio spp. in the gill of estuarine fishes with an average was 4.4 x103CFU/g and in the intestine samples was 1.5x103 CFU/g. The outcome of the biosafety assessment V. parahaemolyticus in estuarine fish indicates another potential source of food safety issues to consumers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biosafety" title="biosafety">biosafety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=estuarine" title=" estuarine"> estuarine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prevalence" title=" prevalence"> prevalence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vibrios" title=" Vibrios"> Vibrios</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47113/prevalence-and-molecular-characterization-of-vibrio-parahaemolyticus-in-estuarine-fish-from-dhaka-city-markets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47113.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">279</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carnivorous%20fish&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carnivorous%20fish&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carnivorous%20fish&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carnivorous%20fish&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carnivorous%20fish&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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