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Argumentationsfelet</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Argumentationsfelet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Försvar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Försvar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Försvar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Försvar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historiska_exempel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historiska_exempel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Historiska exempel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historiska_exempel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Källor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Källor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Källor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Källor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Komplex fråga</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 22 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A4%D8%A7%D9%84_%D9%85%D9%84%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%85" title="سؤال ملغوم – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سؤال ملغوم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pregunta_capciosa" title="Pregunta capciosa – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pregunta capciosa" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapci%C3%B3zn%C3%AD_ot%C3%A1zka" title="Kapciózní otázka – tjeckiska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kapciózní otázka" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjeckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fangfrage" title="Fangfrage – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Fangfrage" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B7_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BB%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%89%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD" title="Πλάνη των πολλών ερωτημάτων – grekiska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πλάνη των πολλών ερωτημάτων" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loaded_question" title="Loaded question – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Loaded question" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falacia_de_las_muchas_preguntas" title="Falacia de las muchas preguntas – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Falacia de las muchas preguntas" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trompodemando" title="Trompodemando – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Trompodemando" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%B4_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%B0%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%87" title="پرسش بارگذاری شده – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پرسش بارگذاری شده" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Question_pi%C3%A8ge" title="Question piège – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Question piège" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A1%D5%A4%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%B9_%D5%B0%D5%A1%D6%80%D6%81" title="Սադրիչ հարց – armeniska" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սադրիչ հարց" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%92%D7%98%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%9D" title="פלוריום אינטרוגטיונום – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פלוריום אינטרוגטיונום" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BAl_sokat_%C3%A1ll%C3%ADt%C3%B3_k%C3%A9rd%C3%A9s" title="Túl sokat állító kérdés – ungerska" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Túl sokat állító kérdés" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B7" title="बहुप्रश्न तर्कदोष – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="बहुप्रश्न तर्कदोष" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strikvraag" title="Strikvraag – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Strikvraag" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E9%87%8D%E8%B3%AA%E5%95%8F%E3%81%AE%E8%AA%A4%E8%AC%AC" title="多重質問の誤謬 – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="多重質問の誤謬" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podchwytliwe_pytanie" title="Podchwytliwe pytanie – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Podchwytliwe pytanie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Провокационный вопрос – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Провокационный вопрос" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompleksikysymys" title="Kompleksikysymys – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kompleksikysymys" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Ea%C5%9F%C4%B1rt%C4%B1c%C4%B1_soru" title="Şaşırtıcı soru – turkiska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Şaşırtıcı soru" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Провокаційне питання – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Провокаційне питання" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A2%E5%AE%9A%E8%A7%80%E9%BB%9E%E5%95%8F%E9%A1%8C" title="既定觀點問題 – kinesiska" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="既定觀點問題" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q638149#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redigera interwikilänkar" class="wbc-editpage">Redigera länkar</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namnrymder"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Komplex_fr%C3%A5ga" title="Visa innehållssidan [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskussion:Komplex_fr%C3%A5ga" rel="discussion" title="Diskussion om innehållssidan [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ändra språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">svenska</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visningar"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li 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<div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Verktyg</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Fler alternativ" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Åtgärder </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Komplex_fr%C3%A5ga"><span>Läs</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Komplex_fr%C3%A5ga&veaction=edit" title="Redigera denna sida [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redigera</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Komplex_fr%C3%A5ga&action=edit" title="Redigera wikitexten för den här sidan [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Redigera wikitext</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Komplex_fr%C3%A5ga&action=history"><span>Visa historik</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Allmänt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:L%C3%A4nkar_hit/Komplex_fr%C3%A5ga" title="Lista över alla wikisidor som länkar hit [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Sidor som länkar hit</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Senaste_relaterade_%C3%A4ndringar/Komplex_fr%C3%A5ga" rel="nofollow" title="Visa senaste ändringarna av sidor som den här sidan länkar till [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Relaterade ändringar</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Specialsidor" title="Lista över alla specialsidor [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Specialsidor</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Komplex_fr%C3%A5ga&oldid=55675683" title="Permanent länk till den här versionen av sidan"><span>Permanent länk</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Komplex_fr%C3%A5ga&action=info" title="Mer information om denna sida"><span>Sidinformation</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Citera&page=Komplex_fr%C3%A5ga&id=55675683&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information om hur den här artikeln kan användas som referens"><span>Använd som referens</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKomplex_fr%25C3%25A5ga"><span>Hämta förkortad url</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKomplex_fr%25C3%25A5ga"><span>Ladda ner QR-kod</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Skriv ut/exportera </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Bok&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Komplex+fr%C3%A5ga"><span>Skapa en bok</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a 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title="Presupposition">presupposition</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> är en typ av <a href="/wiki/Argumentationsfel" title="Argumentationsfel">argumentationsfel</a> som innebär att den som ställer en <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A5ga" title="Fråga">fråga</a> försöker lura <a href="/wiki/Respondent" title="Respondent">respondenten</a> i en fälla genom att inkludera en kontroversiell <a href="/wiki/Premiss" title="Premiss">premiss</a> eller ett orättfärdigt antagande av <a href="/wiki/Skuld_(etik)" title="Skuld (etik)">skuld</a>. Ett vanligt exempel är frågan "<a href="/wiki/Hustrumisshandel" class="mw-redirect" title="Hustrumisshandel">Har du slutat slå din fru?</a>". </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Argumentationsfelet">Argumentationsfelet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Komplex_fr%C3%A5ga&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Argumentationsfelet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Komplex_fr%C3%A5ga&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Argumentationsfelet"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En komplex fråga ställer den tillfrågade i dålig dager oavsett vilket svarsalternativ denne väljer. I exemplet "har du slutat slå din fru?" etablerar antagandet att den tillfrågade tidigare har slagit sin fru. Komplexa frågor förekommer ofta även utan beräknad avsikt, till exempel då en person utbrister "Varför kan du aldrig komma i tid?" när han egentligen menar "Varför har det flera gånger hänt att du inte kommer i tid?" eller kanske "Varför kom du inte i tid i dag?" </p><p>Komplexa frågor kan användas som ett retoriskt grepp för att inskränka svaren till sådana som tjänar frågeställarens agenda.<sup id="cite_ref-Walton_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Walton-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Argumentationsfelet är beroende av kontext för sin effekt, då det faktum att frågan antar något i sig inte innebär ett argumentationsfel. Enbart när några av antagandena inte nödvändigtvis får medhåll från den tillfrågade blir frågan ett argumentationsfel. Samma fråga kan alltså vara en komplex fråga i ett sammanhang, men rättfärdigad i ett annat, till exempel om man ställer frågan till en person som tidigare dömts för att ha misshandlat sin fru.<sup id="cite_ref-Walton_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Walton-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Försvar"><span id="F.C3.B6rsvar"></span>Försvar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Komplex_fr%C3%A5ga&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Försvar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Komplex_fr%C3%A5ga&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Försvar"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ett vanligt sätt att bemöta komplexa frågor är att inte besvara dem (t.ex. med ett enkelt "ja" eller "nej"), utan istället utmana antagandet som ligger bakom frågan. För att fortsätta det tidigare exemplet kan ett svar på frågan "Har du slutat slå din fru?" vara "Jag har aldrig slagit min fru".<sup id="cite_ref-POL_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-POL-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Detta svar eliminerar tveksamheten i det förväntade svaret, vilket motverkar taktiken. Personer som ställer komplexa frågor kan dock i sin tur anklaga personen för att inte besvara frågan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historiska_exempel">Historiska exempel</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Komplex_fr%C3%A5ga&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Historiska exempel" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Komplex_fr%C3%A5ga&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Historiska exempel"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Den tidigare amerikanska utrikesministern <a href="/wiki/Madeleine_Albright" title="Madeleine Albright">Madeleine Albright</a> hävdar att hon har besvarat, när hon skulle ha utmanat, en komplex fråga i programmet <i><a href="/wiki/60_Minutes" title="60 Minutes">60 Minutes</a></i> den 12 maj 1996. <a href="/wiki/Lesley_Stahl" title="Lesley Stahl">Lesley Stahl</a> frågade, med hänvisning till <a href="/wiki/FN" class="mw-redirect" title="FN">FN</a>:s <a href="/wiki/Sanktion" title="Sanktion">sanktioner</a> mot <a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a>, "Vi har hört att en halv miljon barn har dött. Jag menar, det är fler barn än de som dog i <a href="/wiki/Atombomberna_%C3%B6ver_Hiroshima_och_Nagasaki" title="Atombomberna över Hiroshima och Nagasaki">Hiroshima</a>. Och, du vet, är det värt det?". Albright svarade då "Jag tror det är ett väldigt svårt val, men det är, tror vi, värt det."<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hon skrev senare detta svar: </p> <blockquote> <p>Jag måste ha varit galen; jag skulle ha besvarat frågan genom att strukturera om den och poängtera problemen med antagandena bakom den. … Så fort jag hade talat så önskade jag att jag kunde frysa tiden och ta tillbaka de orden. Mitt svar var ett fruktansvärt misstag, förhastat, klumpigt och fel. … Jag hade trillat i en fälla och sagt något jag helt enkelt inte menade. Det är ingens fel utom mitt eget.<sup id="cite_ref-MA_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MA-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Källor"><span id="K.C3.A4llor"></span>Källor</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Komplex_fr%C3%A5ga&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitt: Källor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Komplex_fr%C3%A5ga&action=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Källor"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fredriks-kurser.se/filosofi/#!2_fil_verktyg/2_4_argumentation.md">”Argumentationsfel falska dielamman”</a>. <i><span>Folosofi 1</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.fredriks-kurser.se/filosofi/#!2_fil_verktyg/2_4_argumentation.md">https://www.fredriks-kurser.se/filosofi/#!2_fil_verktyg/2_4_argumentation.md</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 21 april 2023</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Argumentationsfel+falska+dielamman&rft.atitle=Folosofi+1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fredriks-kurser.se%2Ffilosofi%2F%23%212_fil_verktyg%2F2_4_argumentation.md&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Komplex_fr%C3%A5ga"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140108151115/http://unajuaje.niwega.net/2012/06/22/argumentationsfel-sa-ar-det-ju/">”Argumentationsfel”</a>. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://unajuaje.niwega.net/2012/06/22/argumentationsfel-sa-ar-det-ju/">originalet</a> den 8 januari 2014<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140108151115/http://unajuaje.niwega.net/2012/06/22/argumentationsfel-sa-ar-det-ju/">https://web.archive.org/web/20140108151115/http://unajuaje.niwega.net/2012/06/22/argumentationsfel-sa-ar-det-ju/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 16 juli 2013</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Argumentationsfel&rft.atitle=&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20140108151115%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Funajuaje.niwega.net%2F2012%2F06%2F22%2Fargumentationsfel-sa-ar-det-ju%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Komplex_fr%C3%A5ga"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Walton-3">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-Walton_3-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Walton_3-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text">Douglas N. Walton, <i>Informal logic: a handbook for critical argumentation</i>, Cambridge University Press, 1989, <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/0-521-37925-3" title="Special:Bokkällor/0-521-37925-3">ISBN 0-521-37925-3</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=kswimguc5uYC&pg=PA36&dq=%22complex+question%22+%22Loaded+question%22&as_brr=0&ei=P820S9GbFI20MPOqiOkO&cd=2#v=onepage&q=%22complex%20question%22%20%22Loaded%20question%22&f=false">Google Print, p.36-37</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-POL-4"><a href="#cite_ref-POL_4-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFLayman2003">Layman, C. Stephen (2003). <i><span>The Power of Logic</span></i>. sid. 158</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Power+of+Logic&rft.aulast=Layman&rft.aufirst=C.+Stephen&rft.au=Layman%2C+C.+Stephen&rft.date=2003&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B158&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Komplex_fr%C3%A5ga"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030603215848/http://www.irvinereview.org/guest1.htm">”Albright's Blunder”</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Irvine_Review&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Irvine Review [inte skriven än]">Irvine Review</a>. 2002. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://orangecoyote.blogspot.com/2006/07/albrights-blunder.html">originalet</a> den 3 juni 2003<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030603215848/http://www.irvinereview.org/guest1.htm">https://web.archive.org/web/20030603215848/http://www.irvinereview.org/guest1.htm</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 4 januari 2008</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Albright%27s+Blunder&rft.atitle=&rft.date=2002&rft.pub=%5B%5BIrvine+Review%5D%5D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20030603215848%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.irvinereview.org%2Fguest1.htm&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Komplex_fr%C3%A5ga"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MA-6"><a href="#cite_ref-MA_6-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFAlbright2003">Albright, Madeleine (2003). <i><span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madam_Secretary:_A_Memoir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Madam Secretary: A Memoir [inte skriven än]">Madam Secretary: A Memoir</a></span></i>. sid. 275. <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/0-7868-6843-0" title="Special:Bokkällor/0-7868-6843-0">ISBN 0-7868-6843-0</a></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%5B%5BMadam+Secretary%3A+A+Memoir%5D%5D&rft.aulast=Albright&rft.aufirst=Madeleine&rft.au=Albright%2C+Madeleine&rft.date=2003&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B275&rft.isbn=0-7868-6843-0&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Komplex_fr%C3%A5ga"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Hämtad från ”<a dir="ltr" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Komplex_fråga&oldid=55675683">https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Komplex_fråga&oldid=55675683</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kategorier" title="Wikipedia:Kategorier">Kategorier</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Retorik" title="Kategori:Retorik">Retorik</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Argumentationsfel" title="Kategori:Argumentationsfel">Argumentationsfel</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Sidan redigerades senast den 11 augusti 2024 kl. 18.42.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Wikipedias text är tillgänglig under licensen <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.sv">Creative Commons Erkännande-dela-lika 4.0 Unported</a>. 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