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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.google.com/search?as_eq%3Dwikipedia%26q%3D%2522Ernest%2BTipson%2522">"Ernest Tipson"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.google.com/search?tbm%3Dnws%26q%3D%2522Ernest%2BTipson%2522%2B-wikipedia%26tbs%3Dar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.google.com/search?%26q%3D%2522Ernest%2BTipson%2522%26tbs%3Dbkt:s%26tbm%3Dbks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.google.com/search?tbs%3Dbks:1%26q%3D%2522Ernest%2BTipson%2522%2B-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q%3D%2522Ernest%2BTipson%2522">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query%3D%2522Ernest%2BTipson%2522%26acc%3Don%26wc%3Don">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p><b>Ernest Tipson</b> (1883–1958) was an English <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Plymouth_Brethren?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Plymouth Brethren">Plymouth Brethren</a> missionary and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Linguistics?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Linguistics">linguist</a> who compiled <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Dictionaries?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Dictionaries">dictionaries</a> of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonese?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cantonese">Cantonese</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hokkien?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hokkien">Hokkien</a> (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amoy_dialect?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amoy dialect">Amoy dialect</a>).</p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ernest_Tipson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Early_life"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Early life</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ernest_Tipson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Missionary_work"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Missionary work</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ernest_Tipson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Publications"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Publications</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ernest_Tipson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#References"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ernest_Tipson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ernest_Tipson&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Early life" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>Born into a large Brethren family in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Enfield_Town?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Enfield Town">Enfield</a> (then part of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Edmonton_Hundred?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edmonton Hundred">Edmonton Hundred</a> of Middlesex), <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/England?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="England">England</a>, Tipson began his working life, at the age of 14, as an <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Architect?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Architect">architect</a>'s clerk and typist, but was called to missionary service in the early 1900s.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Missionary_work">Missionary work</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ernest_Tipson&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Missionary work" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>Tipson's first posting was to <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Penang?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Penang">Penang</a> and he sailed there from England in November 1908.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ernest_Tipson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October 1909, he traveled to <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Guangzhou?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Guangzhou">Canton</a> (now Guangzhou) in China where he spent a year mastering the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cantonese_dialect?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Cantonese dialect">Cantonese dialect</a>. This was to be a vital tool in his missionary work and he went on to acquire the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hokkien_dialect?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Hokkien dialect">Hokkien dialect</a>.</p> <p>On his return from Canton (March 1911), Tipson married Agnes Millar in Penang<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ernest_Tipson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and they settled in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kuala Lumpur">Kuala Lumpur</a>. His missionary work involved preaching the Gospel, evangelism, and visiting lepers and prisoners. As with most missionaries, in those times, there was the ever-present danger of ill-health and death due to the heat and humidity of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/British_Malaya?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="British Malaya">British Malaya</a>. In August 1914, his youngest child, Teddie, then one, fell ill with <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gastro-enteritis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Gastro-enteritis">gastro-enteritis</a> and died. Teddie was namesake of Tipson's 15-year-old brother who had died some 20 years previously.</p> <p>By 1917, Tipson became seriously ill, and suffered a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nervous_breakdown?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Nervous breakdown">nervous breakdown</a>, leaving immediately for Sydney, Australia, despite his wife being eight months pregnant. He could not return home to England due to the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/First_World_War?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">First World War</a> and finally arrived back in England in December 1918.</p> <p>After a few years on furlough, Tipson returned to Kuala Lumpur in 1920 and resumed his missionary work. In 1928, he moved to Singapore to take up the post of Secretary to the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/British_and_Foreign_Bible_Society?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="British and Foreign Bible Society">British and Foreign Bible Society</a> for Malaya.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ernest_Tipson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ernest_Tipson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p> <p>Nearing retirement, at the age of 58, Tipson was incarcerated in Changi Prison during the occupation of Singapore by the Japanese during much of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/World_War_II?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="World War II">World War II</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-2" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ernest_Tipson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To begin with, he occupied Cell 24, along with <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Shenton_Thomas?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Shenton Thomas">Shenton Thomas</a>, the then <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Governor_of_Singapore?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Singapore">Governor of Singapore</a>. His ministry in Changi was remarkable in terms of his strength of character and his support for fellow prisoners. Tipson's obituary in the <i>British Association of Malaysia</i>, 1958, read: <i>"There were some gifted preachers in the internment camp (Changi), but no one appealed to the men more than Ernest Tipson."</i></p> <p>Tipson's survival, said his son, also Ernest, was probably due to his tremendous sense of humour and the good company and support of son-in-law David. Liberated in 1945, Ernest Senior traveled to <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/India?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="India">India</a> to be reunited with his wife and son. "He was as thin as a stick!", remembered Ernest Junior. "We fell into each other's arms."</p> <p>After the war, Tipson resumed his work in Singapore briefly. In March 1948, Tipson retired from his British and Foreign Bible Society post<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-3" class="reference"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ernest_Tipson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and returned to England.</p> <p>Tipson died in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Cornwall?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Cornwall">Cornwall</a> during a preaching visit to a local Gospel hall.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Publications">Publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ernest_Tipson&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Publications" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <p>Tipson's linguistic prowess, and later his acknowledged status as a gifted Chinese scholar, was extraordinary in the light of his humble education at a Board School back in England.</p> <p>His <i>Pocket Dictionary of the Amoy Vernacular</i> is still referenced during the compilation of modern Hokkien/English dictionaries. True to his faith and calling, Tipson is said to have ensured that every word in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bible?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bible">Bible</a> found its way into his dictionary. Another of his publications, a <i>Complete Chinese Character Course</i>, was based on lectures he gave in <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Changi_Prison?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Changi Prison">Changi Prison</a> during <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/World_War_II?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="World War II">World War II</a>.</p> <ul> <li><i>A Cantonese Syllabary-Index to Soothill’s Pocket Dictionary, incorporating all Cantonese colloquial characters and their meanings.</i> (1917)</li> <li><i>Handbook and vocabulary of the Cantonese New Testament.</i> (1921) (with Roy T. Cowles)</li> <li><i>A Pocket Dictionary of the Amoy Vernacular, English-Chinese.</i> (1934)</li> <li><i>A Pocket Dictionary of the Amoy Vernacular, Chinese-English.</i> (1935)</li> <li><i>Complete Chinese Character Course, etc.</i> (1949)</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ernest_Tipson&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style> <div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ernest_Tipson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ernest_Tipson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ernest_Tipson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:0_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ernest_Tipson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:0_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/straitstimes19480311-1.2.66">"40 Years In Malaya AsReligiousWorker"</a>. <i><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Straits_Times?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The Straits Times">The Straits Times</a></i>. 11 March 1948. p. 7.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Straits+Times&rft.atitle=40+Years+In+Malaya+AsReligiousWorker&rft.pages=7&rft.date=1948-03-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feresources.nlb.gov.sg%2Fnewspapers%2FDigitised%2FArticle%2Fstraitstimes19480311-1.2.66&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AErnest+Tipson" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ernest_Tipson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/pinangazette19110606-1.2.24">"WEDDINGS IN PENANG"</a>. <i>Pinang gazette and Straits chronicle</i>. 6 June 1911. p. 6.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pinang+gazette+and+Straits+chronicle&rft.atitle=WEDDINGS+IN+PENANG.&rft.pages=6&rft.date=1911-06-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feresources.nlb.gov.sg%2Fnewspapers%2FDigitised%2FArticle%2Fpinangazette19110606-1.2.24&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AErnest+Tipson" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ernest_Tipson?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://books.google.com/books?id%3DF4YeAQAAMAAJ"><i>Malaysia</i></a>. 1963. p. 46.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Malaysia&rft.pages=46&rft.date=1963&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DF4YeAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AErnest+Tipson" class="Z3988"></span></span></li> </ol> </div> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="External_links">External 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