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</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery_of_stamps" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery_of_stamps"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Gallery of stamps</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery_of_stamps-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul 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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Great Patriotic War</i> (term)</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 41 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-41" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">41 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B8%D9%85%D9%89_(%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%AD)" title="الحرب الوطنية العظمى (مصطلح) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الحرب الوطنية العظمى (مصطلح)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gran_Guerra_Patria" title="Gran Guerra Patria – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Gran Guerra Patria" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%B6y%C3%BCk_V%C9%99t%C9%99n_m%C3%BCharib%C9%99si" title="Böyük Vətən müharibəsi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Böyük Vətən müharibəsi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A4%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%A9_%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C" title="بؤیوک وطن ساواشی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بؤیوک وطن ساواشی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Велика отечествена война – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Велика отечествена война" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gran_Guerra_P%C3%A0tria" title="Gran Guerra Pàtria – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gran Guerra Pàtria" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velk%C3%A1_vlasteneck%C3%A1_v%C3%A1lka_(pojem)" title="Velká vlastenecká válka (pojem) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Velká vlastenecká válka (pojem)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Store_F%C3%A6drelandskrig" title="Store Fædrelandskrig – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Store Fædrelandskrig" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gro%C3%9Fer_Vaterl%C3%A4ndischer_Krieg" title="Großer Vaterländischer Krieg – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Großer Vaterländischer Krieg" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suur_Isamaas%C3%B5da" title="Suur Isamaasõda – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Suur Isamaasõda" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gran_Guerra_Patria" title="Gran Guerra Patria – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gran Guerra Patria" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granda_patriota_milito" title="Granda patriota milito – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Granda patriota milito" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF_%DA%A9%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%87%D9%86%DB%8C" title="جنگ کبیر میهنی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جنگ کبیر میهنی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_Guerre_patriotique" title="Grande Guerre patriotique – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Grande Guerre patriotique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grutte_Heitel%C3%A2nske_Kriich" title="Grutte Heitelânske Kriich – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Grutte Heitelânske Kriich" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gran_Guerra_Patria" title="Gran Guerra Patria – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Gran Guerra Patria" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EC%A1%B0%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%84%EC%9F%81" title="대조국전쟁 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="대조국전쟁" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B4%D5%A5%D5%AE_%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%B4_(%D5%BF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%B6)" title="Հայրենական մեծ պատերազմ (տերմին) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հայրենական մեծ պատերազմ (տերմին)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veliki_domovinski_rat" title="Veliki domovinski rat – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Veliki domovinski rat" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perang_Patriotik_Raya_(istilah)" title="Perang Patriotik Raya (istilah) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Perang Patriotik Raya (istilah)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98_(%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98)" title="დიდი სამამულო ომი (ტერმინი) – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დიდი სამამულო ომი (ტერმინი)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lielais_T%C4%93vijas_kar%C5%A1" title="Lielais Tēvijas karš – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Lielais Tēvijas karš" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vokietijos%E2%80%93TSRS_karas" title="Vokietijos–TSRS karas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vokietijos–TSRS karas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%8D%D1%85_%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Аугаа их эх орны дайн – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Аугаа их эх орны дайн" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grote_Vaderlandse_Oorlog" title="Grote Vaderlandse Oorlog – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Grote Vaderlandse Oorlog" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%A5%96%E5%9B%BD%E6%88%A6%E4%BA%89" title="大祖国戦争 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="大祖国戦争" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_store_fedrelandskrigen" title="Den store fedrelandskrigen – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Den store fedrelandskrigen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_store_fedrelandskrigen" title="Den store fedrelandskrigen – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Den store fedrelandskrigen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulug%CA%BB_Vatan_urushi_(atama)" title="Ulugʻ Vatan urushi (atama) – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ulugʻ Vatan urushi (atama)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wielka_wojna_ojczy%C5%BAniana" title="Wielka wojna ojczyźniana – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wielka wojna ojczyźniana" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_Guerra_Patri%C3%B3tica" title="Grande Guerra Patriótica – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Grande Guerra Patriótica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marele_R%C4%83zboi_pentru_Ap%C4%83rarea_Patriei_(termen)" title="Marele Război pentru Apărarea Patriei (termen) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Marele Război pentru Apărarea Patriei (termen)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bigi_Tatakondrefeti" title="Bigi Tatakondrefeti – Sranan Tongo" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Bigi Tatakondrefeti" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="Sranan Tongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%9F%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82_(%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD)" title="Велики отаџбински рат (термин) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Велики отаџбински рат (термин)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suuri_is%C3%A4nmaallinen_sota" title="Suuri isänmaallinen sota – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Suuri isänmaallinen sota" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stora_fosterl%C3%A4ndska_kriget" title="Stora fosterländska kriget – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Stora fosterländska kriget" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4_(%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3)" title="มหาสงครามของผู้รักชาติ (คำ) – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มหาสงครามของผู้รักชาติ (คำ)" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk_Yurtseverlik_Sava%C5%9F%C4%B1" title="Büyük Yurtseverlik Savaşı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Büyük Yurtseverlik Savaşı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a 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searchaux" style="display:none">Term used in Russia and some other post-Soviet republics for the Eastern front in World War II</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2016_Immortal_Regiment_in_Saint_Petersburg_(096).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/2016_Immortal_Regiment_in_Saint_Petersburg_%28096%29.jpg/220px-2016_Immortal_Regiment_in_Saint_Petersburg_%28096%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/2016_Immortal_Regiment_in_Saint_Petersburg_%28096%29.jpg/330px-2016_Immortal_Regiment_in_Saint_Petersburg_%28096%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/2016_Immortal_Regiment_in_Saint_Petersburg_%28096%29.jpg/440px-2016_Immortal_Regiment_in_Saint_Petersburg_%28096%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>People in Saint Petersburg at the <a href="/wiki/Immortal_Regiment" title="Immortal Regiment">Immortal Regiment</a>, carrying portraits of their ancestors who fought in the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Front_(World_War_II)" title="Eastern Front (World War II)">Great Patriotic War</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gener%C3%A1l_s_vlajkou_v_pozad%C3%AD_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Gener%C3%A1l_s_vlajkou_v_pozad%C3%AD_-_panoramio.jpg/220px-Gener%C3%A1l_s_vlajkou_v_pozad%C3%AD_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="245" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Gener%C3%A1l_s_vlajkou_v_pozad%C3%AD_-_panoramio.jpg/330px-Gener%C3%A1l_s_vlajkou_v_pozad%C3%AD_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Gener%C3%A1l_s_vlajkou_v_pozad%C3%AD_-_panoramio.jpg/440px-Gener%C3%A1l_s_vlajkou_v_pozad%C3%AD_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="4281" /></a><figcaption>Veteran of the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Army" title="Soviet Army">Soviet Army</a> pays tribute on Victory Day in 2014 in Minsk under the cloak of the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Flag of the Soviet Union">Soviet flag</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade_(2019)_70.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade_%282019%29_70.jpg/220px-Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade_%282019%29_70.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade_%282019%29_70.jpg/330px-Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade_%282019%29_70.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade_%282019%29_70.jpg/440px-Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade_%282019%29_70.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>During the <a href="/wiki/2019_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2019 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2019 Moscow Victory Day Parade</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><i><b>The Great Patriotic War</b></i> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Великая Отечественная война</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Russian" title="Romanization of Russian">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Russian-language romanization"><i lang="ru-Latn">Vělikaja Otěčestvěnnaja vojna</i></span>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a <a href="/wiki/Terminology" title="Terminology">term</a> used in <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> and some other <a href="/wiki/Post-Soviet_states" title="Post-Soviet states">former republics of the Soviet Union</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to describe the conflict fought during the period from 22 June 1941 to 9 May 1945 along the many fronts of the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Front_(World_War_II)" title="Eastern Front (World War II)">Eastern Front</a> of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, primarily between the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a>. For some legal purposes, this period may be extended to 11 May 1945 to include the end of the <a href="/wiki/Prague_offensive" title="Prague offensive">Prague offensive</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-veterans-law_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-veterans-law-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_Patriotic_War_(term)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The term <i>Patriotic War</i> refers to the Russian resistance to the <a href="/wiki/French_invasion_of_Russia" title="French invasion of Russia">French invasion of Russia</a> under <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoleon I">Napoleon I</a>, which became known as the <i><a href="/wiki/Patriotic_War_of_1812" class="mw-redirect" title="Patriotic War of 1812">Patriotic War of 1812</a></i>. In <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>, the term <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">отечественная война</span></span> originally referred to a war on one's own territory (<span title="Russian-language romanization"><i lang="ru-Latn">otechestvo</i></span> means "the fatherland"), as opposed to a campaign abroad (<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">заграничная война</span></span>),<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and later was reinterpreted as a war <em>for</em> the fatherland, i.e. a defensive war for one's homeland. Sometimes the Patriotic War of 1812 was also referred to as the <i>Great Patriotic War</i> (<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Великая отечественная война</span></span>); the phrase first appeared in 1844<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and became popular on the eve of the centenary of the Patriotic War of 1812.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After 1914, the phrase was applied to <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-dict_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dict-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was the name of a special war-time appendix to the magazine <i>Theater and Life</i> (<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Театр и жизнь</span></span>) in <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a>, and referred to the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Front_(World_War_I)" title="Eastern Front (World War I)">Eastern Front</a> of World War I, where Russia fought against the <a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">German Empire</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Austro-Hungarian Empire">Austro-Hungarian Empire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-dict_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dict-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The phrases <i>Second Patriotic War</i> (<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Вторая отечественная война</span></span>) and <i>Great World Patriotic War</i> (<span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Великая всемирная отечественная война</span></span>) were also used during World War I in Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-dict_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dict-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term <i>Great Patriotic War</i> re-appeared in the official newspaper of the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Communist Party of the Soviet Union">CPSU</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Pravda" title="Pravda">Pravda</a></i>, on 23 June 1941, just a day after <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Germany</a> <a href="/wiki/Operation_Barbarossa" title="Operation Barbarossa">invaded the Soviet Union</a>. It was found in the title of "The Great Patriotic War of the Soviet People" (<span title="Russian-language romanization"><i lang="ru-Latn">Vělikaja Otěčestvěnnaja Vojna Sovětskogo Naroda</i></span>), a long article by <a href="/wiki/Yemelyan_Yaroslavsky" title="Yemelyan Yaroslavsky">Yemelyan Yaroslavsky</a>, a member of Pravda editors' collegium. The phrase was intended to motivate the population to defend the Soviet fatherland and to expel the invader, and a reference to the Patriotic War of 1812 was seen as a great morale booster.<sup id="cite_ref-dict_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dict-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the Soviet period, historians engaged in huge distortions to make history fit with Communist ideology, with Marshal <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Kutuzov" title="Mikhail Kutuzov">Mikhail Kutuzov</a> and Prince <a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Bagration" title="Pyotr Bagration">Pyotr Bagration</a> transformed into peasant generals, <a href="/wiki/Alexander_I_of_Russia" title="Alexander I of Russia">Alexander I</a> alternatively ignored or vilified, and the war becoming a massive "People's War" fought by the ordinary people of <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russia</a> with almost no involvement on the part of the government.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELieven20109–10_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELieven20109–10-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The invasion by Germany was called the <i>Great Patriotic War</i> by the Soviet government to evoke comparisons with the victory by Tsar Alexander I over Napoleon's invading army.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStahel2010337_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStahel2010337-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Отечественная война</span></span> (Patriotic War or Fatherland War) was officially recognized by establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Patriotic_War" title="Order of the Patriotic War">Order of the Patriotic War</a> on 20 May 1942, awarded for heroic deeds. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Usage">Usage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_Patriotic_War_(term)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Usage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2021_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade_013.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/2021_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade_013.jpg/300px-2021_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade_013.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/2021_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade_013.jpg/450px-2021_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade_013.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/2021_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade_013.jpg/600px-2021_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade_013.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1880" data-file-height="1160" /></a><figcaption>2021 <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="Moscow Victory Day Parade">Moscow Victory Day Parade</a>. <a href="/wiki/Military_parade" title="Military parade">Military parades</a> and Soviet military symbolism play an important role in the 9 May celebrations across Russia.</figcaption></figure> <p>The term is not generally used outside the former Soviet Union, and the closest term is the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Front_(World_War_II)" title="Eastern Front (World War II)">Eastern Front of World War II</a> (1941–1945). Neither term covers the initial phase of World War II in Eastern Europe, during which the USSR, then still in a <a href="/wiki/Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact" title="Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact">non-aggression pact</a> with Germany, invaded <a href="/wiki/Soviet_invasion_of_Poland" title="Soviet invasion of Poland">eastern Poland</a> (1939), <a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_the_Baltic_states" title="Occupation of the Baltic states">the Baltic states</a> (1940), <a href="/wiki/Soviet_occupation_of_Bessarabia_and_Northern_Bukovina" title="Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina">Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina</a> (1940) and <a href="/wiki/Winter_War" title="Winter War">Finland</a> (1939–1940).<sup id="cite_ref-veterans-law_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-veterans-law-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term also does not cover the <a href="/wiki/Soviet%E2%80%93Japanese_War" title="Soviet–Japanese War">Soviet–Japanese War</a> (1945).<sup id="cite_ref-veterans-law_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-veterans-law-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Russia and some other post-Soviet countries, the term is given great significance; it is accepted as a representation of the most important part of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. Until 2014, <a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a> was the only nation in the <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Commonwealth of Independent States">Commonwealth of Independent States</a> that had not recognized the term, referring to it as World War II on the state holiday – the <a href="/wiki/Day_of_Remembrance_and_Honour" class="mw-redirect" title="Day of Remembrance and Honour">Day of Remembrance and Honour</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 9 April 2015, the <a href="/wiki/Verkhovna_Rada" title="Verkhovna Rada">Ukrainian parliament</a> replaced the term <i>Great Patriotic War (1941–1945)</i> (<i>Velyka vitchyzniana viina</i>) in the country's law with the "<a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">Second World War (1939–1945)</a>" (<i>Druha svitova viina</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as part of a set of <a href="/wiki/Decommunization_in_Ukraine" title="Decommunization in Ukraine">decommunization laws</a>. Also in 2015, Ukraine's "<a href="/wiki/Victory_Day_over_Nazism_in_World_War_II" title="Victory Day over Nazism in World War II">Victory Day over Nazism in World War II</a>" was established as a national holiday in accordance with the law of "On Perpetuation of Victory over Nazism in World War II 1939–1945". The new holiday was celebrated on May 9 and replaced the Soviet-Russian <a href="/wiki/Victory_Day_(9_May)" title="Victory Day (9 May)">Victory Day</a>, which is also celebrated on May 9. These laws were adopted by the Ukrainian parliament within the package of laws on decommunization.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2023 Ukraine abolished the 2015 9 May "Victory Day over Nazism" holiday and replaced it with the new <a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Ukraine" title="Public holidays in Ukraine">public holiday</a> "<a href="/wiki/Day_of_Remembrance_and_Victory_over_Nazism_in_World_War_II_1939_%E2%80%93_1945" title="Day of Remembrance and Victory over Nazism in World War II 1939 – 1945">Day of Remembrance and Victory over Nazism in World War II 1939 – 1945</a>" which is celebrated on 8 May annually.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery_of_stamps">Gallery of stamps</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_Patriotic_War_(term)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Gallery of stamps"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Post_USSR_1963_Satlingrad_battle.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1963 Soviet stamp commemorating the 20th anniversary of the Battle of Stalingrad, with caption reading Великая Отечественная война 1941-1945гг (The Great Patriotic War 1941-1945)."><img alt="1963 Soviet stamp commemorating the 20th anniversary of the Battle of Stalingrad, with caption reading Великая Отечественная война 1941-1945гг (The Great Patriotic War 1941-1945)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Post_USSR_1963_Satlingrad_battle.jpg/120px-Post_USSR_1963_Satlingrad_battle.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Post_USSR_1963_Satlingrad_battle.jpg/180px-Post_USSR_1963_Satlingrad_battle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Post_USSR_1963_Satlingrad_battle.jpg/240px-Post_USSR_1963_Satlingrad_battle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="448" data-file-height="321" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">1963 Soviet stamp commemorating the 20th anniversary of the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Stalingrad" title="Battle of Stalingrad">Battle of Stalingrad</a>, with caption reading <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Великая Отечественная война 1941-1945гг (The Great Patriotic War 1941-1945)</span></span>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stamp_of_Ukraine_s656.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ukrainian stamp commemorating the "60th anniversary of victory in the Great Patriotic War", 1945–2005 (Ukrainian: 60-річчя Перемоги у Великій Вітчизняній війні, lit. '60-richchia Peremohy u Velykii Vitchyznianii Viini')"><img alt="Ukrainian stamp commemorating the "60th anniversary of victory in the Great Patriotic War", 1945–2005 (Ukrainian: 60-річчя Перемоги у Великій Вітчизняній війні, lit. '60-richchia Peremohy u Velykii Vitchyznianii Viini')" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Stamp_of_Ukraine_s656.jpg/85px-Stamp_of_Ukraine_s656.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Stamp_of_Ukraine_s656.jpg/128px-Stamp_of_Ukraine_s656.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Stamp_of_Ukraine_s656.jpg/171px-Stamp_of_Ukraine_s656.jpg 2x" data-file-width="228" data-file-height="320" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ukrainian stamp commemorating the "60th anniversary of victory in the Great Patriotic War", 1945–2005 (<a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a>: <span lang="uk">60-річчя Перемоги у Великій Вітчизняній війні</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> </small>'60-richchia Peremohy u Velykii Vitchyznianii Viini')</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:07-z.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Belarusian stamps for "70 years of victory in the Great Patriotic War 1945–2015" (Belarusian: 70 hadow Peramohi w Vyalikay Aychynnay vayne 1945–2015)."><img alt="Belarusian stamps for "70 years of victory in the Great Patriotic War 1945–2015" (Belarusian: 70 hadow Peramohi w Vyalikay Aychynnay vayne 1945–2015)." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/07-z.png/120px-07-z.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/07-z.png/180px-07-z.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/07-z.png/240px-07-z.png 2x" data-file-width="382" data-file-height="374" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Belarusian stamps for "70 years of victory in the Great Patriotic War 1945–2015" (<a href="/wiki/Belarusian_language" title="Belarusian language">Belarusian</a>: <i lang="be">70 hadow Peramohi w Vyalikay Aychynnay vayne 1945–2015</i>).</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_Patriotic_War_(term)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, 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portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Barbarossa" title="Operation Barbarossa">Operation Barbarossa</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pobediteli" title="Pobediteli">Pobediteli</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pobedobesie" title="Pobedobesie">Pobedobesie</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sacred_War" title="The Sacred War">The Sacred War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_operations_of_the_Red_Army_in_World_War_II" title="Strategic operations of the Red Army in World War II">Strategic operations of the Red Army in World War II</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_Patriotic_War_(term)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><b>Additional translations in languages of the former Soviet Union:</b> <div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_language" title="Azerbaijani language">Azerbaijani</a>: <i lang="az">Böyük Vətən müharibəsi</i></li><li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_language" title="Belarusian language">Belarusian</a>: <span lang="be">Вялікая Айчынная вайна</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Belarusian" title="Romanization of Belarusian">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Belarusian-language romanization"><i lang="be-Latn">Välikaja Ajčynnaja vajna</i></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_language" title="Estonian language">Estonian</a>: <i lang="et">Suur Isamaasõda</i></li><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>: <span lang="hy">Հայրենական Մեծ պատերազմ</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Armenian" title="Romanization of Armenian">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Armenian-language romanization"><i lang="hy-Latn">Hayrenakan Mec paterazm</i></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_language" title="Georgian language">Georgian</a>: <span title="Georgian-language text"><span lang="ka" style="font-style: normal;">დიდი სამამულო ომი/Didi samamulo omi</span></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_language" title="Kazakh language">Kazakh</a>: <i lang="kk">Ulı Otan soğısı</i></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyz_language" title="Kyrgyz language">Kyrgyz</a>: <span lang="ky">Улуу Ата Мекендик согуш</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Kyrgyz" title="Romanization of Kyrgyz">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Kyrgyz-language romanization"><i lang="ky-Latn">Uluu Ata Mekendik soğuş</i></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_language" title="Lithuanian language">Lithuanian</a>: <i lang="lt">Didysis Tėvynės karas</i></li><li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_language" title="Latvian language">Latvian</a>: <i lang="lv">Lielais Tēvijas karš</i></li><li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_language" title="Romanian language">Romanian</a>: <i lang="ro">Marele Război pentru apărarea Patriei</i> (<a href="/wiki/Moldovan_Cyrillic" class="mw-redirect" title="Moldovan Cyrillic">Moldovan Cyrillic</a>: <span lang="ro-Cyrl">Мареле Рэзбой пентру апэраря Патрией</span>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Tajik_language" title="Tajik language">Tajik</a>: <span lang="tg">Ҷанги Бузурги Ватанӣ</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Tajik" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanization of Tajik">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Tajik-language romanization"><i lang="tg-Latn">Jangi Buzurgi Vataní</i></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Turkmen_language" title="Turkmen language">Turkmen</a>: <i lang="tk">Beýik Watançylyk urşy/Beyik Watançılıq urşı</i></li><li><a href="/wiki/Tatar_language" title="Tatar language">Tatar</a>: <span lang="tt-Cyrl">Бөек Ватан сугышы</span>, <small>romanized: </small><span title="Tatar-language romanization"><i lang="tt-Latn">Böyek Watan suğışı</i></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a>: <span lang="uk">Велика Вітчизняна війна</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Ukrainian" title="Romanization of Ukrainian">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Ukrainian-language romanization"><i lang="uk-Latn">Velyka Vitčyznäna vijna</i></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_language" title="Uzbek language">Uzbek</a>: <span lang="uz">Улуғ Ватан уруши</span>, <small>romanized: </small><span title="Uzbek-language romanization"><i lang="uz-Latn">Uluğ Vatan uruşi</i></span></li></ul></div></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_Patriotic_War_(term)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFУкраїна2015" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Україна, Віталій Червоненко ВВС (9 April 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/ukrainian/politics/2015/04/150409_communizm_upa_vc"><bdi lang="uk">Рада ухвалила "декомунізаційний пакет"</bdi></a>. <i>BBC News Україна</i> (in Ukrainian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News+%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B0&rft.atitle=%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0+%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0+%22%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%22&rft.date=2015-04-09&rft.aulast=%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B0&rft.aufirst=%D0%92%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9+%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE+%D0%92%D0%92%D0%A1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fukrainian%2Fpolitics%2F2015%2F04%2F150409_communizm_upa_vc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+Patriotic+War+%28term%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-veterans-law-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-veterans-law_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-veterans-law_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-veterans-law_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Федеральный закон № 5-ФЗ от 12 января 1995, "О ветеранах" <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For example, one of the books published shortly after the war was titled <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Письма русского офицера о Польше, Австрийских владениях, Пруссии и Франции, с подробным описанием похода Россиян противу Французов в 1805 и 1806 году, также <u>отечественной и заграничной войны</u></span></span> с 1812 по 1815 год..." (<a href="/wiki/Fyodor_Glinka" title="Fyodor Glinka">Fyodor Glinka</a>, Moscow, 1815–1816; the title was translated as "Letters of a Russian Officer on Poland, the Austrian Domains, Prussia and France; with a detailed description of the Russian campaign against the French in 1805 and 1806, and also <u>the Fatherland and foreign war</u> from 1812 to 1815..." in: A. Herzen, <i>Letters from France and Italy, 1847–1851</i>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Pittsburgh_Press" title="University of Pittsburgh Press">University of Pittsburgh Press</a>, 1995, p. 272).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">It can be found in <a href="/wiki/Vissarion_Belinsky" title="Vissarion Belinsky">Vissarion Belinsky</a>'s essay "Russian literature in 1843" first printed in magazine <a href="/wiki/Otechestvennye_Zapiski" title="Otechestvennye Zapiski">Otechestvennye Zapiski</a>, vol. 32 (1844), see page 34 of section 5 "Critics" (each section has its own pagination).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For example, several books had the phrase in their titles, as: <span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">П. Ниве, Великая Отечественная война. 1812 годъ, М., 1912; И. Савостинъ, Великая Отечественная война. Къ 100-лѣтнему юбилею. 1812–1912 г., М., 1911; П. М. Андріановъ, Великая Отечественная война. (1812) По поводу 100-лѣтняго юбилея, Спб., 1912.</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dict-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dict_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dict_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dict_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dict_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZJtKKdpKCjsC&dq=%22%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D1%81&pg=PA555">The dictionary of modern citations and catch phrases</a>, by <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Dushenko" title="Konstantin Dushenko">Konstantin Dushenko</a>, 2006. <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELieven20109–10-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELieven20109–10_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLieven2010">Lieven 2010</a>, pp. 9–10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStahel2010337-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStahel2010337_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFStahel2010">Stahel 2010</a>, p. 337.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavies2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Norman_Davies" title="Norman Davies">Davies, Norman</a> (2006). "Phase 1, 1939–1941: the era of the Nazi-Soviet pact". <i><a href="/wiki/Europe_at_War_1939%E2%80%931945:_No_Simple_Victory" title="Europe at War 1939–1945: No Simple Victory">Europe at War 1939–1945: No Simple Victory</a></i>. London: <a href="/wiki/Macmillan_Publishers" title="Macmillan Publishers">Macmillan</a>. pp. 153–155. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780333692851" title="Special:BookSources/9780333692851"><bdi>9780333692851</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/70401618">70401618</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Phase+1%2C+1939%E2%80%931941%3A+the+era+of+the+Nazi-Soviet+pact&rft.btitle=Europe+at+War+1939%E2%80%931945%3A+No+Simple+Victory&rft.place=London&rft.pages=153-155&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F70401618&rft.isbn=9780333692851&rft.aulast=Davies&rft.aufirst=Norman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+Patriotic+War+%28term%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaidazimova2008" class="citation news cs1">Saidazimova, Gulnoza (8 April 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rferl.org/a/1058790.html">"World War II – 60 Years After: For Some Central Asians, 'Great Patriotic War' is More Controversial Than Ever"</a>. <i>Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radio+Free+Europe%2FRadio+Liberty&rft.atitle=World+War+II+%E2%80%93+60+Years+After%3A+For+Some+Central+Asians%2C+%27Great+Patriotic+War%27+is+More+Controversial+Than+Ever&rft.date=2008-04-08&rft.aulast=Saidazimova&rft.aufirst=Gulnoza&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rferl.org%2Fa%2F1058790.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+Patriotic+War+%28term%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newsweek.com/ukraine-purges-symbols-its-communist-past-321663">Ukraine Purges Symbols of Its Communist Past</a>, <a href="/wiki/Newsweek" title="Newsweek">Newsweek</a>, (10 April 2015)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1684-14">"Про увічнення Перемоги у Великій Вітчизняній війні 1941–1945 років"</a>. <i>zakon.rada.gov.ua</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=zakon.rada.gov.ua&rft.atitle=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE+%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F+%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8+%D1%83+%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B9+%D0%92%D1%96%D1%82%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B9+%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%96+1941%E2%80%931945+%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzakon.rada.gov.ua%2Flaws%2Fshow%2F1684-14&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+Patriotic+War+%28term%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2023/06/12/7406493/">"Zelenskyy signs law recognising 8 May as Day of Remembrance and Victory over Nazism"</a>. <i>Ukrainska Pravda</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ukrainska+Pravda&rft.atitle=Zelenskyy+signs+law+recognising+8+May+as+Day+of+Remembrance+and+Victory+over+Nazism&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pravda.com.ua%2Feng%2Fnews%2F2023%2F06%2F12%2F7406493%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+Patriotic+War+%28term%29" class="Z3988"></span><br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ukranews.com/en/news/935628-victory-day-celebration-on-may-9-canceled-in-ukraine">"Victory Day Celebration On May 9 Canceled In Ukraine"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_News_Agency" title="Ukrainian News Agency">Ukrainian News Agency</a></i>. 30 May 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ukrainian+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Victory+Day+Celebration+On+May+9+Canceled+In+Ukraine&rft.date=2023-05-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fukranews.com%2Fen%2Fnews%2F935628-victory-day-celebration-on-may-9-canceled-in-ukraine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+Patriotic+War+%28term%29" class="Z3988"></span><br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ukrinform.net/rubric-society/3715687-rada-sets-day-of-remembrance-and-victory-over-nazism-on-may-8.html">"Rada sets Day of Remembrance and Victory over Nazism on May 8"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Ukrinform" title="Ukrinform">Ukrinform</a></i>. 30 May 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ukrinform&rft.atitle=Rada+sets+Day+of+Remembrance+and+Victory+over+Nazism+on+May+8&rft.date=2023-05-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ukrinform.net%2Frubric-society%2F3715687-rada-sets-day-of-remembrance-and-victory-over-nazism-on-may-8.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+Patriotic+War+%28term%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Books">Books</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_Patriotic_War_(term)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLieven2010" class="citation book cs1">Lieven, D. C. B (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/russiaagainstnap00liev_0"><i>Russia against Napoleon</i></a>. Viking. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780670021574" title="Special:BookSources/9780670021574"><bdi>9780670021574</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Russia+against+Napoleon&rft.pub=Viking&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9780670021574&rft.aulast=Lieven&rft.aufirst=D.+C.+B&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Frussiaagainstnap00liev_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+Patriotic+War+%28term%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStahel2010" class="citation book cs1">Stahel, David (2010). <i>Operation Barbarossa and Germany's Defeat in the East</i> (Third Printing ed.). Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-76847-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-76847-4"><bdi>978-0-521-76847-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Operation+Barbarossa+and+Germany%27s+Defeat+in+the+East&rft.edition=Third+Printing&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-521-76847-4&rft.aulast=Stahel&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGreat+Patriotic+War+%28term%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_Patriotic_War_(term)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Great_Patriotic_War" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Great Patriotic War">Great Patriotic War</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/greatpatrioticwarsovietunion">Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union 1941–1945. A General Outline</a></i>, English-language book published in the Soviet Union in 1974.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.net-film.ru/en/topic-world-war-ii-page-1/">Documentary films and newsreels about the Great Patriotic War</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101218033423/http://net-film.ru/en/topic-world-war-ii-page-1/">Archived</a> 18 December 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pi.library.yorku.ca/ojs/index.php/cws/article/viewFile/11126/10215">Poems about the Great Patriotic War</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://militera.lib.ru/h/fugate/index.html">Bryan Fugate, Operation Barbarossa: Strategy And Tactics On The Eastern Front, 1941</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Moscow_Victory_Parade" title="Template:Moscow Victory Parade"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Moscow_Victory_Parade" title="Template talk:Moscow Victory Parade"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Moscow_Victory_Parade" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Moscow Victory Parade"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Annual_Moscow_military_parade_on_Victory_Day_in_the_Great_Patriotic_War_(1941–45)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Annual <a href="/wiki/Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="Moscow Victory Day Parade">Moscow military parade</a> on <a href="/wiki/Victory_Day" title="Victory Day">Victory Day</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Great_Patriotic_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Patriotic War">Great Patriotic War</a> (1941–45)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By year</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1945_Moscow_Victory_Parade" title="1945 Moscow Victory Parade">1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1965_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="1965 Moscow Victory Day Parade">1965</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="1985 Moscow Victory Day Parade">1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="1990 Moscow Victory Day Parade">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parades" title="1995 Moscow Victory Day Parades">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="1996 Moscow Victory Day Parade">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="1997 Moscow Victory Day Parade">1997</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1998_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1998 Moscow Victory Day Parade (page does not exist)">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1999_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1999 Moscow Victory Day Parade (page does not exist)">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2000 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2001 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2002_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2002 Moscow Victory Day Parade (page does not exist)">2002</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2003_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2003 Moscow Victory Day Parade (page does not exist)">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2004_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2004 Moscow Victory Day Parade (page does not exist)">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2005 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2006_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2006 Moscow Victory Day Parade (page does not exist)">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2007 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2008 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2009 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2010 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2011 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2012 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2013 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2014 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2015 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2016 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2017 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2018 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2019 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2020 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2021 Moscow Victory Day Parade (page does not exist)">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2022 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2023 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2024 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2024</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=2025_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2025 Moscow Victory Day Parade (page does not exist)">2025</a></i></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WW2_Victory_USSR_OBVERSE.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Medal «For Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945»"><img alt="Medal «For Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945»" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/WW2_Victory_USSR_OBVERSE.jpg/80px-WW2_Victory_USSR_OBVERSE.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/WW2_Victory_USSR_OBVERSE.jpg/120px-WW2_Victory_USSR_OBVERSE.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/WW2_Victory_USSR_OBVERSE.jpg/160px-WW2_Victory_USSR_OBVERSE.jpg 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="690" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Participating units<br /> and prominent parts<br />of the parade</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Victory_Banner" title="Victory Banner">Victory Banner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Russia" title="Flag of Russia">Flag of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_anthem_of_Russia" title="National anthem of Russia">National anthem of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ribbon_of_Saint_George" title="Ribbon of Saint George">Ribbon of Saint George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Square" title="Red Square">Red Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Band_Service_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_Russia" title="Military Band Service of the Armed Forces of Russia">Military Band Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moscow_Military_Music_College" title="Moscow Military Music College">Moscow Military Music College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/154th_Preobrazhensky_Independent_Commandant%27s_Regiment" title="154th Preobrazhensky Independent Commandant's Regiment">Preobrazhensky Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Ground_Forces" title="Russian Ground Forces">Russian Ground Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Navy" title="Russian Navy">Russian Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Aerospace_Forces" title="Russian Aerospace Forces">Russian Aerospace Forces</a> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_Air_Force" title="Russian Air Force">Russian Air Force</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russian_Space_Forces" title="Russian Space Forces">Russian Space Forces</a> and <a href="/wiki/Russian_Aerospace_Defence_Forces" title="Russian Aerospace Defence Forces">Russian Aerospace Defence Forces</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Airborne_Forces" title="Russian Airborne Forces">Russian Airborne Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Naval_Aviation" title="Russian Naval Aviation">Russian Naval Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Infantry_(Russia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval Infantry (Russia)">Russian Naval Infantry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GRAU" class="mw-redirect" title="GRAU">GRAU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_Missile_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Strategic Missile Forces">Missile Forces of Strategic Importance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Railway_Troops" title="Russian Railway Troops">Russian Railway Troops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Security_Service" title="Federal Security Service">Federal Security Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Border_Service_of_the_Federal_Security_Service_of_the_Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Border Service of the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation">Border Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kremlin_Regiment" title="Kremlin Regiment">Kremlin Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Guard_of_Russia" title="National Guard of Russia">National Guard of Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Guard_Forces_Command" title="National Guard Forces Command">National Guard Forces Command</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Internal_Affairs_(Russia)" title="Ministry of Internal Affairs (Russia)">Ministry of Internal Affairs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Police_of_Russia" title="Police of Russia">Police of Russia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Emergency_Situations_(Russia)" title="Ministry of Emergency Situations (Russia)">Ministry of Emergency Situations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Investigative_Committee_of_Russia" title="Investigative Committee of Russia">Investigative Committee of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Army_Cadets_National_Movement" title="Young Army Cadets National Movement">Young Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suvorov_Military_School" title="Suvorov Military School">Suvorov Military School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakhimov_Naval_School" title="Nakhimov Naval School">Nakhimov Naval School</a></li> <li>Aerobatic teams <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Knights" title="Russian Knights">Russian Knights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swifts_(aerobatic_team)" title="Swifts (aerobatic team)">Strizhi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crimean_Wings&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crimean Wings (page does not exist)">Crimean Wings</a></li> 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