CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91773a2f2f6b3e14',cH: 'fmCnjweToL1Sg9edhRwxj5oy0g_feV03VIp_vl3Ttxs-1740481599-1.2.1.1-UvUXDqWThd_WY012kQtcOpp4zUC51ZmaaIbKkpyt2nvMA7Ubs_70DjdxM4VgnQeP',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=furnace%20annealing%20%28FA%29&__cf_chl_tk=79K78UeR8_r2lq0vTj7j9VIL6t4A0QIBXI6CDb2v0_g-1740481599-1.0.1.1-PXInCFzNaXgV8IaXMN9hhsSd_b.UN.0Dv_5uGFQlPdw",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1740481599',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=furnace%20annealing%20%28FA%29&__cf_chl_f_tk=79K78UeR8_r2lq0vTj7j9VIL6t4A0QIBXI6CDb2v0_g-1740481599-1.0.1.1-PXInCFzNaXgV8IaXMN9hhsSd_b.UN.0Dv_5uGFQlPdw",md: "yuHX3FWE0wMKFJbVu14JkAtNVwzBRIUYR2emN8NAXls-1740481599-1.2.1.1-0VW10Ybvkw6fp0Ys7MJwKktwCY4st55rNOEz.7dsqxNfpr79yHVptV6E2x.wNLrxKPlEsgerszm_AlPha7MNLxDMgqVehpGvSIIBVPn4eZqqJ8RwORH02H.fMoE.yeQX5suxgOTxgRqilH3TtPycl221sj_tnT5sRDVwSTK6Lh8rsUeuMkeARQSMB8hPv983lAtJesY8Be.xVyJix5WXdJ2WLIUhc..j7cj8tvjM_u682y.PWXyy67Wz.ypZ2w.6tf7n4IfEKQXYimZdy.n9sl2SHiIvACFt9.N4fMb79vcn5RixHV8x.OMIhoG5MWEhfP2qy.3e58RK1_4XhdLmI6_YtE8PVoIgvk0ZpwEWPgRQxF0WnPxzz9L4R7gaWXtm3Lcaox8Iy446pW2GNA2dHPPqeVNcWgDXWObgBDXRB8IFH3fis2Aiqwt.BFAlCutPiJuo3b1nilCDe.SaKi_UxBsZ5dE6hnGqLHy_srk20VWNGBSZMDLSYN4KJbybF_aNr2eFYlVvsqrG.thmbOK0e1B.QJtlmE3GlwCJkCK0Ic0BPg08Ny6hcKVI54kC9sx8MkwZr1pV4wfD_eD6yTXJTFqzrxZyxbNyhbE4zkBqc24NEevK9F1XS8LUqgXdkPcsZMH0IyViBVFIWX7NTth24wtpVDZ2hFG_TiaQ5k1gNHDnVwg7rwNEozowurDywyxb0WIZxPhzQQwHG3nayp_PbrDBoA1giK29PXFHttJj6HeP7XHTAZCeQ.1w3h0JEyXuoMAR_EJnZK1Vr4WIXcLr9isINgy2LSEn9qB6i_U6p5_7vec2Sk4KOkM7zdu0rb7Gy1j2ZG7WW4yovVxoIW0F7qTGjTIaeXOatDCOUrJZHKUHOvRBysl1LIcqaz0eaxTqzl7DwLLmnrn6QL0V1fmk5xCqCaDDVMzWu6mtEjXmuIPEYb1Fl4DMMLaSmJVsWaUH6JhXV7BKYoHhnR6Rqq6dYoyaX7htQIiEnPWDd5vOfcFWgSfmZm_YG_1hPIDl8TDI22tMZSl2rKqGyDdDLpal9bmJA2B3Ru.sEz9ZmU05hVCz_FPhvKRi1mzTikORRa4cEEzh1uGaFdfgRIV6CCFYj2Gru60kNFHpoudUvhdFyaaLXycpCURqaw86oEv.LXc8aCvNO1BFPh.wgzycY9doHA6rq2VB7GoUUbw6ci2h3WtqkZzgeGremDuyTTVnDKxBxcdc6KwvRpb88BiWJoICSsGrD0oADSVUvO483XRGvNyf0sIh7m_4hyxw6FdsHDvWuXH.sZocuMlmO51Hn28WJsJxi6fH7865lY_jlStiS10_4DgXc4Gu8lbX50hwG1XT7Wsaqp7TktzoPMA.WNBJgSlaxeIbVGmTRR5ZmOLa4QSxoPFYGoROzZ2T3abIyyQqa7Tl3j6Vqem5A1mZ4gnGEfwveJgA_1G5rzEX1Aa8z7GiMb4tEZZNUwXcn6iaBBCpEWWsGcRh0Cp99EPyFd0IxPHALxDtBpKdDILd1A6uISGg49oWrZNbp.3i8U5suzu5gSWuzK50VreotMDv1Ee3nEKfvQ6JMTD_DGM6aTXqbVxQpHCO5FZKrfJFwc7Ho0VC9ltg_OvfY5lLzeOKFxQSquTCOGHIOKJtTmRKwjRuiRQSoGLymSp639k_2lrJdTeGRMipc4sr0Neg047TNSTGBx16GU7L6MLiMb7OyNRqo7DaLi.mjqpiUtTL99MhKNgQEcBHpyKPML.M7XYEbXm0Jc1e3kvsJUfj9XErUHN4Z0XUcuxhYSg1noKZTxd_yjjyqlUJDsCNkhpqO.SR.xYZWYiffL8gtroMVAMrWaRnmEkzB.3Jn96ajNXXnWJZCiD1kdRuQMxSYj.mpqQ_V6nvwmpd45nSJRYpv19Q3MuywXYiFeTceN5j2wuCuL1r5UyCRg8GHo2zjZRfXGDfrlA0DWODGpQ5twRni4DgGsxkT6o3uTANEbwpl7HeT2MYwUiTb8BD3qo_n.3iMRw0fN_sTQ",mdrd: "Y0UyU1uQaOumq2WUq7.VvTxNL2yn0uBmZVwLE0QwSmw-1740481599-1.2.1.1-J8gCUvBjUv4UJTr3z2BbJBvF8EjHzSmicNRr.eFj3kInEHnNZKXxtk.pc.Ik3q.ffx0OSThuSXaQ3VchjjjlYCyERz1UDAOKSo3_JDPD7ZnzXJp9i.faXC9RzR6LK41vlMBCLSrPad53fQsl1oyquJ6.gyNK_f7HBpEj1egJyMZqhlKOWQU1hH36hm2URZxF4B7VrU5DzbDSVNUlRMyd21KKYipZUuyEtx1VsXBRIPD_lx9xQjRd3I0I026oKs5D2uj_glz8LIeXROHIhbj5b7P6mwXhE7yKGhkjCMThjGEI86A.3nqRAyt3zObVqmKoBKRT.M.ChxqJMVNmz6SeF8OdoJ5RzGABcEWX7DQKvTujvJcuFSNBJhikfFOUgQCnwzojTI0Ia2m_yiJKI5fwc4KxuB.Ag4HTat0sb.AowRQDD0ql8ecOyaTFzI0Mk3ugrkPjsKXG26b6W6IrY2rtSi2v1LY0TjILAxQHqMuQz1SKZ4BiTsB6mIrN6d.dxk4iIoJ1vvsyQFNoC3iXHl_OMClj7r7OmxGMhH5lvA3dNCuxD0o3XntzmTh1P90sD4zkIysk4hygB8NwYWSWEBlIiX.n5tWqZku2Wj_7X5.7.LFUVF0ObWQepqQTdIa4CTVwPDGqKykVihLrupf1CXOIf6QiIYasb8qoufNml0Gw_sg1cZeyyM9PmG72qlZk9qCYKWAtFLmlxn0FgZvxIz3xJdyqBr68UhmwepXJCyGyOSBnsUgE.ORwWiKYqcSbY9G4WU.oh20aw3SafpG_qWXaaNjrskJqlN4PKLa_42BPjB2lYjiKawRno4H.hE3Voo.y0A9wZPBX3Uo.4zwJ4LXem1ARt_fvEDO9jb1zk4sRTqF6faWqr1myXmudnKsv7J0ccmdVDrcfO6Yx4s6uoANG6kxWgWEwMEidpus2tOnwJndtacQh_o7z0HNXjgEIeoOc7WEyqWzwLTXnn8enrYDuxiBtBnKSi4GmiqUhEmZkOwyw0nqtn.MSp65gu9PDII8c7J9f2zipyjW_nPa7UMMfCkWMHsAUln9uGLTwh1EnTN2KiTvDGs1oj0.s__QGUisLec5QhOwjOU.tNQoqXxqYL6ZoG0L_AlUoGlN2Ovz2KSlmQnYo6K_Nu_VoOgmXmCc8qwK8p0e_NeLM1tzKr8lYPt9vjMrbymVCnyNV9fTqY0xKYVfdsXoKGrEkTsRbgBVxRhoQRxNfwHuCWQXBWD6NIIwrTH8XCP2GkctaTuaCigAs_tD23FGYZyHu3H7qlThocoLDUb7WYJSZEN0KBJ4FEa.Ne9E8xJtMeHt.9asE0IiwTqdPKixFP9gdVrnnYxhPoyVMY.XmQR_UR3WBqlbzXwMAvvrW271Mtv2nNyd9Wl5Z_ufz_4o6GJMbhmuD.zBZ7pq1xTouMqlbyHRYJjkArqbTWwtiuRW8u8ZFXHn9LuLPcHs7ph5smP7Sq6.gGLEq3PS6krYpbm_AbzWbbm4AgekLIJ5pkdmVQxhtlkGobIErNvQaTHJANBl504PhUeS8uZG008em69tnOXjPShvgorp_hK1BwgX2ocn2PgzkHHjw6zgVrxkRlR36M6mrFwOYEJ7ubs_bh7CNNSU2fw1_WoBJzyZQbeIeihpgydrmuudF1ljzkWjry20a.xRmBaogq3Z3ClZK2SbPm3g00uBIEPELVu7QCdjwAnbB0ByKDmmLKUUhrUVAU3XGsa67lT6gAsbZJN8ynwt2flP1V8CqQaG5tCQQJ0ybsSQC0aTk_t3MF5HRSpD4carjwf1hDM7KuQwTop19jCutRII2xqlCvP.nT7QnrpUY3Z8YsUvlu69ZW8Zj3d4paqAAX2D0zIXoDs2.Ihkl5tl6YDp2JKHHWuDABAtSvAwRxr_q4C6b4K7PCVX5IIF_fxNxDKWutL8UUeoqdhHqQwe.q8ggTvgbY1Y.rSv3y.b6yDmKhi5hrdYlB8JD7C0JuEWobG3HnABe"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91773a2f2f6b3e14';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=furnace%20annealing%20%28FA%29&__cf_chl_rt_tk=79K78UeR8_r2lq0vTj7j9VIL6t4A0QIBXI6CDb2v0_g-1740481599-1.0.1.1-PXInCFzNaXgV8IaXMN9hhsSd_b.UN.0Dv_5uGFQlPdw" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>