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href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raf%C3%A9" title="Rafé – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Rafé" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raf%C3%A8" title="Rafè – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rafè" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafe" title="Rafe – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Rafe" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%94" title="רפה – Hebrew" lang="he" 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i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the Hebrew diacritic. For people and fictional characters with the given name, see <a href="/wiki/Rafe_(name)" title="Rafe (name)">Rafe (name)</a>. For the Syrian footballer, see <a href="/wiki/Raja_Rafe" title="Raja Rafe">Raja Rafe</a>.</div> <table align="right" class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><b>Rafe</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" align="center" style="background:white;height:100px"><span style="font-size:325%; font-family: "SBL Hebrew", David, Narkisim, "Times New Roman", "New Peninim MT", "Noto Serif Hebrew", "Noto Sans Hebrew", Alef, FreeSerif, "Lucida Sans Unicode";" dir="rtl">ֿ</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Similar appearance </td> <td style="background:white"><a href="/wiki/Macron_(diacritic)" title="Macron (diacritic)">macron</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Example </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" align="center" style="background:white;height:50px"><span style="font-size:325%; font-family: "SBL Hebrew", David, Narkisim, "Times New Roman", "New Peninim MT", "Noto Serif Hebrew", "Noto Sans Hebrew", Alef, FreeSerif, "Lucida Sans Unicode";" dir="rtl">פֿיש</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="width:250px;background:white; text-align:center;">The word for fish in <a href="/wiki/Yiddish" title="Yiddish">Yiddish</a>, <i>fish</i>. The first diacritic (the line over the <a href="/wiki/Pe_(Semitic_letter)" title="Pe (Semitic letter)">pei</a>) is a rafe. </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Other Niqqud </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="width:250px;background:white; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Shva" title="Shva">Shva</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Hiriq" title="Hiriq">Hiriq</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Zeire" class="mw-redirect" title="Zeire">Zeire</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Segol" title="Segol">Segol</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Patach" title="Patach">Patach</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Kamatz" title="Kamatz">Kamatz</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Holam" title="Holam">Holam</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Dagesh" title="Dagesh">Dagesh</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Mappiq" title="Mappiq">Mappiq</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Shuruk" class="mw-redirect" title="Shuruk">Shuruk</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Kubutz" class="mw-redirect" title="Kubutz">Kubutz</a> <b>·</b> Rafe <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Shin_dot" class="mw-redirect" title="Shin dot">Sin/Shin Dot</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rafe-Contrast.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Rafe-Contrast.png/330px-Rafe-Contrast.png" decoding="async" width="265" height="373" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Rafe-Contrast.png/500px-Rafe-Contrast.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Rafe-Contrast.png/530px-Rafe-Contrast.png 2x" data-file-width="830" data-file-height="1167" /></a><figcaption>Typefaces of the word <span title="Hebrew-language text"><span lang="he" dir="rtl">אחריך</span></span> (<i>’aḥăreḵā,</i>, Songs <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt3001.htm#4">1:4a</a>) in the two Masoretic Codices and four Hebrew Bible print editions. The <i>rafe</i> diacritic is mostly omitted in print editions.</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a> <a href="/wiki/Orthography" title="Orthography">orthography</a> the <b>rafe</b> or <b>raphe</b> (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">רָפֶה</span>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pronounced</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="he-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Hebrew" title="Help:IPA/Hebrew">[ʁaˈfe]</a></span>, meaning "weak, limp") is a <a href="/wiki/Diacritic" title="Diacritic">diacritic</a> (<span class="nowrap">⟨<big><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1241449095">.mw-parser-output .script-hebrew,.mw-parser-output .script-Hebr{font-family:"Ezra SIL SR","Ezra SIL","SBL Hebrew","Taamey Frank CLM","SBL BibLit","Taamey Ashkenaz","Frank Ruehl CLM","Keter Aram Tsova","Taamey David CLM","Keter YG","Shofar","David CLM","Hadasim CLM","Simple CLM","Nachlieli",Cardo,Alef,"Noto Serif Hebrew","Noto Sans Hebrew","David Libre",David,"Times New Roman",Gisha,Arial,FreeSerif,FreeSans}</style><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">◌ֿ</span>‎</big>⟩</span>), a subtle horizontal overbar placed above certain letters to indicate that they are to be <a href="/wiki/Pronunciation" title="Pronunciation">pronounced</a> as <a href="/wiki/Fricative" title="Fricative">fricatives</a>. </p><p>It originated with the <a href="/wiki/Tiberian_Hebrew" title="Tiberian Hebrew">Tiberian</a> <a href="/wiki/Masoretes" title="Masoretes">Masoretes</a> as part of the extended system of <i><a href="/wiki/Niqqud" title="Niqqud">niqqud</a></i> (vowel points), and has the opposite meaning of <i><a href="/wiki/Dagesh" title="Dagesh">dagesh</a> qal</i>, showing that one of the letters <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl"><a href="/wiki/Begadkefat" title="Begadkefat">בגדכפת</a></span>‎ is to be pronounced as a <a href="/wiki/Fricative" title="Fricative">fricative</a> and not as a <a href="/wiki/Plosive" title="Plosive">plosive</a>, or (sometimes) that a consonant is single and not double; or, as the opposite to a <i><a href="/wiki/Mappiq" title="Mappiq">mappiq</a></i>, to show that the letters <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl"><a href="/wiki/%D7%94" class="mw-redirect" title="ה">ה</a></span>‎ or <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl"><a href="/wiki/%D7%90" class="mw-redirect" title="א">א</a></span>‎ are silent (<i><a href="/wiki/Mater_lectionis" title="Mater lectionis">mater lectionis</a></i>). </p><p>The rafe generally fell out of use for Hebrew with the coming of printing, although according to <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Gesenius" title="Wilhelm Gesenius">Gesenius</a> (1813) at that time it could still be found in a few places in printed <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Bible" title="Hebrew Bible">Hebrew Bibles</a>, where the absence of a <i>dagesh</i> or a <i>mappiq</i> was noticeable.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (e.g. Exodus 20:13,14,15; Deuteronomy 5:13,17,18,19; 2 Samuel 11:1; Isaiah 22:10; Jeremiah 20:17; Psalm 119:99; Zechariah 5:11) </p><p>In some <a href="/wiki/Siddur" title="Siddur">siddurs</a> (e.g. those printed by <a href="/wiki/ArtScroll" title="ArtScroll">ArtScroll</a>) a diacritical symbol, typographically the same as the rafe, but utterly unrelated, is used to mark instances of "moving <a href="/wiki/Shva" title="Shva">sheva</a>" (<i>Shva Na</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The rafe is similar in function to the <i>buailte</i> (dot above, denoting <a href="/wiki/Lenition" title="Lenition">lenition</a>) in the old-style <a href="/wiki/Irish_orthography#Diacritics" title="Irish orthography">Irish alphabet</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Yiddish">Yiddish</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rafe&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Yiddish"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Yiddish_orthography" title="Yiddish orthography">Yiddish orthography</a>, the rafe distinguishes <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">פ</span>‎ <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiceless_bilabial_plosive" title="Voiceless bilabial plosive">p</a>/</span> from <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">פֿ</span>‎ <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiceless_labiodental_fricative" title="Voiceless labiodental fricative">f</a>/</span> and in words of Semitic origin also <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">ב</span>‎ <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiced_bilabial_plosive" title="Voiced bilabial plosive">b</a>/</span> from <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">בֿ</span>‎ (<span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiced_labiodental_fricative" title="Voiced labiodental fricative">v</a>/</span>. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="1">Name </th> <th colspan="1">Symbol </th> <th colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">IPA</a> </th> <th colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Transliteration" title="Transliteration">Transliteration</a> </th> <th colspan="1">Example </th></tr> <tr> <td>Pey </td> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:150%;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">פ</span>‎</span> </td> <td align="center"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiceless_bilabial_plosive" title="Voiceless bilabial plosive">p</a>/</span> </td> <td align="center">p </td> <td align="center"><b>p</b>an </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fey </td> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:150%;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">פֿ</span>‎</span> </td> <td align="center"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiceless_labiodental_fricative" title="Voiceless labiodental fricative">f</a>/</span> </td> <td align="center">f </td> <td align="center"><b>f</b>an </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ladino">Ladino</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rafe&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Ladino"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Salmo_138.1-2_en_la_lingua_Sefaradit.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Salmo_138.1-2_en_la_lingua_Sefaradit.png/320px-Salmo_138.1-2_en_la_lingua_Sefaradit.png" decoding="async" width="320" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Salmo_138.1-2_en_la_lingua_Sefaradit.png/480px-Salmo_138.1-2_en_la_lingua_Sefaradit.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Salmo_138.1-2_en_la_lingua_Sefaradit.png/640px-Salmo_138.1-2_en_la_lingua_Sefaradit.png 2x" data-file-width="1316" data-file-height="810" /></a><figcaption>Text from a 19th-century printing of <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mechon-mamre.org/p/pt/pt26d8.htm#1">Psalm 138</a> in <a href="/wiki/Judaeo-Spanish" title="Judaeo-Spanish">Ladino</a> language, showing use of the curved “varrica” <i>rafe</i> atop letters written in <a href="/wiki/Rashi_script" title="Rashi script">Rashi script</a> (titles/headings are in block print).</figcaption></figure> <p>In Ladino the rafe, called a <i>varrica</i> (“little crossbar”), looks more like a breve-shaped diacritic (ﬞ ) on top of the letter (◌ﬞ). When written in the <a href="/wiki/Square_hebrew" class="mw-redirect" title="Square hebrew">square form</a>, or when unable to apply the varrica rafe diacritic to a letter, it is replaced by a <a href="/wiki/Geresh" title="Geresh">geresh</a> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">׳</span>‎) immediately after the letter as a substitute to effect the same change in pronunciation. For example, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">גﬞ</span>‎ is equivalent to <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">ג׳</span>‎ in altering the sound from the <a href="/wiki/Voiced_velar_stop" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced velar stop">voiced velar stop</a> [g] to the <a href="/wiki/Voiced_postalveolar_affricate" title="Voiced postalveolar affricate">voiced postalveolar affricate</a> [d͡ʒ], known in English as "<a href="/wiki/Soft_g" class="mw-redirect" title="Soft g">soft g</a>". </p><p>In Ladino, as in <a href="/wiki/Tiberian_Hebrew" title="Tiberian Hebrew">Tiberian Hebrew</a>, the rafe changes <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">ב</span>‎ [b] into <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">בﬞ</span>‎ [v], <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">ד</span>‎ [d] into <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">דﬞ</span>‎ [ð], and <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">פ</span>‎ [p] into <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">פﬞ</span>‎ [f]. Unlike in Hebrew, the rafe also changes <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">ג</span>‎ [g] into <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">גﬞ</span>‎ ([d͡ʒ] or [t͡ʃ]), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">ז</span>‎ [z] into <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">זﬞ</span>‎ [ʒ], and in words of Semitic origin also <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">ש</span>‎ ([s] or [ʃ]) into <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">שﬞ</span>‎ [ʃ]. In words of Romance origin, [s] is spelled as <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">ס</span>‎, freeing up <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">ש</span>‎ for the <a href="/wiki/Voiceless_postalveolar_fricative" title="Voiceless postalveolar fricative">voiceless postalveolar fricative</a> [ʃ] without the need for a rafe to disambiguate. </p><p>Note Ladino orthography is far less standardized than Yiddish; original Ladino works may be written in <a href="/wiki/Rashi_script" title="Rashi script">Rashi script</a> (using rafe), Hebrew block print (using geresh), or in the <a href="/wiki/Latin_alphabet" title="Latin alphabet">Latin alphabet</a> (e.g. the 1553 <a href="/wiki/Ferrara_Bible" title="Ferrara Bible">Ferrara Bible</a>). </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="10" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Judaeo-Spanish" title="Judaeo-Spanish">Ladino</a> letters formed using a 'varrica' <i>rafe</i> <sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="4">Without <i>Rafe</i> </th> <th colspan="4">With <i>Rafe</i> (equivalent with <a href="/wiki/Geresh" title="Geresh">geresh</a>) </th></tr> <tr> <th>Symbol</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Transliteration_of_Hebrew" class="mw-redirect" title="Transliteration of Hebrew">Translit.</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA_chart_for_Hebrew" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:IPA chart for Hebrew">IPA</a></th> <th>Example</th> <th>Symbol</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Transliteration_of_Hebrew" class="mw-redirect" title="Transliteration of Hebrew">Translit.</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA_chart_for_Hebrew" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:IPA chart for Hebrew">IPA</a></th> <th>Example </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="font-size: 150%"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">ב</span>‎ </td> <td>b </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Voiced_bilabial_plosive" title="Voiced bilabial plosive">b</a>]</span> </td> <td><b>b</b>oy </td> <td align="center" style="font-size: 150%">(<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">ב׳</span>‎) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">בﬞ</span>‎ </td> <td>v </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Voiced_labiodental_fricative" title="Voiced labiodental fricative">v</a>]</span><span style="font-size:100%;">~</span><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Voiced_bilabial_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced bilabial approximant">β̞</a>]</span> </td> <td><b>v</b>oyage </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="font-size: 150%"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">ג</span>‎ </td> <td>g </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Voiced_velar_plosive" title="Voiced velar plosive">ɡ</a>]</span> </td> <td><b>g</b>ap </td> <td align="center" style="font-size: 150%">(<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">ג׳</span>‎) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">גﬞ</span>‎ </td> <td>dj, ǧ, <span style="font-size:50%;">or</span> ch, č </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Voiced_postalveolar_affricate" title="Voiced postalveolar affricate">d͡ʒ</a>]</span><span style="font-size:100%;">~</span><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Voiceless_postalveolar_affricate" title="Voiceless postalveolar affricate">t͡ʃ</a>]</span> </td> <td><b>J</b>upiter, <b>G</b>eorge, <b>ch</b>ip </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="font-size: 150%"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">ד</span>‎ </td> <td>d </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Voiced_dental_plosive" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced dental plosive">d̪</a>]</span> </td> <td><b>d</b>ay </td> <td align="center" style="font-size: 150%">(<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">ד׳</span>‎) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">דﬞ</span>‎ </td> <td>dh, th, ḏ, đ </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Voiced_dental_approximant" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiced dental approximant">ð̞</a>]</span> </td> <td><b>th</b>ey </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="font-size: 150%"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">ז</span>‎ </td> <td>z </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Voiced_alveolar_fricative" title="Voiced alveolar fricative">z</a>]</span> </td> <td><b>z</b>oo </td> <td align="center" style="font-size: 150%">(<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">ז׳</span>‎) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">זﬞ</span>‎ </td> <td>j, g, zh, ž </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Voiced_postalveolar_fricative" title="Voiced postalveolar fricative">ʒ</a>]</span> </td> <td><b>J</b>acques, bei<b>g</b>e, vi<b>s</b>ion </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="font-size: 150%"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">ט</span>‎ </td> <td>t </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Voiceless_dental_plosive" class="mw-redirect" title="Voiceless dental plosive">t̪</a>]</span> </td> <td><b>t</b>oy </td> <td align="center" style="font-size: 150%">(<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">ט׳</span>‎) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">טﬞ</span>‎ </td> <td>th </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Voiceless_dental_fricative" title="Voiceless dental fricative">θ</a>]</span> </td> <td><b>th</b>irty </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="font-size: 150%"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">כ</span>‎ </td> <td>c, k </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Voiceless_velar_plosive" title="Voiceless velar plosive">k</a>]</span> </td> <td><b>c</b>are, <b>k</b>ing </td> <td align="center" style="font-size: 150%">(<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">כ׳</span>‎) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">כﬞ</span>‎ </td> <td>ch, kh, <u>k</u> </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Voiceless_velar_fricative" title="Voiceless velar fricative">x</a>]</span><span style="font-size:100%;">~</span><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Voiceless_uvular_fricative" title="Voiceless uvular fricative">χ</a>]</span> </td> <td>lo<b>ch</b>, Ba<b>ch</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="font-size: 150%"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">פ</span>‎ </td> <td>p </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Voiceless_bilabial_plosive" title="Voiceless bilabial plosive">p</a>]</span> </td> <td><b>p</b>ast </td> <td align="center" style="font-size: 150%">(<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">פ׳</span>‎) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">פﬞ</span>‎ </td> <td>f </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Voiceless_labiodental_fricative" title="Voiceless labiodental fricative">f</a>]</span> </td> <td><b>f</b>ast </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" style="font-size: 150%"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">ש</span>‎ </td> <td>s, ç </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Voiceless_alveolar_fricative" title="Voiceless alveolar fricative">s</a>]</span> </td> <td><b>s</b>in, <b>c</b>ent </td> <td align="center" style="font-size: 150%">(<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">ש׳</span>‎) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095" /><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">שﬞ</span>‎ </td> <td>sh, š </td> <td><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/wiki/Voiceless_postalveolar_fricative" title="Voiceless postalveolar fricative">ʃ</a>]</span> </td> <td><b>sh</b>in </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Unicode">Unicode</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rafe&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Unicode"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>"Hebrew Point Rafe" is encoded in the Unicode standard as U+05BF. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rafe&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dagesh" title="Dagesh">Dagesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_alphabet" title="Hebrew alphabet">Hebrew alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_phonology_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Hebrew phonology (disambiguation)">Hebrew phonology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macron_(diacritic)" title="Macron (diacritic)">Macron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mappiq" title="Mappiq">Mappiq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yiddish_orthography" title="Yiddish orthography">Yiddish orthography</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rafe&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/20px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/40px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span><span class="nowrap"> </span><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Gesenius%27_Hebrew_Grammar/14" class="extiw" title="s:Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar/14"><i>Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar</i>,<span class="nowrap"> </span>§14</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rabbi Nosson Scherman, Rabbi Meir Zlotowitz, <i>Siddur Kol Yaakov/The Complete ArtScroll Siddur—Nusach Ashkenaz</i>, 3rd Edition, Eighteenth Impression, Mesorah Publications Ltd., July 2003. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89906-650-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-89906-650-X">0-89906-650-X</a>. Preface, p. IX.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sefaradizo.org/ladino/alefbet/alefbet_ladino-tabla-es.html">"Sefarađizo: Ladino: Alefbet: Tabla"</a>. 2021-09-16. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20210916192938/http://www.sefaradizo.org/ladino/alefbet/alefbet_ladino-tabla-es.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-09-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Hebrew">Transliteration to English</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hebraization_of_English" title="Hebraization of English">from English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gematria" title="Gematria">Gematria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eras</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_Hebrew" title="Biblical Hebrew">Biblical</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Israelian_Hebrew" title="Israelian Hebrew">northern dialect</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mishnaic_Hebrew" title="Mishnaic Hebrew">Mishnaic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_Hebrew" title="Medieval Hebrew">Medieval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_Hebrew" title="Modern Hebrew">Modern</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reading traditions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashkenazi_Hebrew" title="Ashkenazi Hebrew">Ashkenazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sephardi_Hebrew" title="Sephardi Hebrew">Sephardi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romaniote_Jews#Romaniote_Hebrew" title="Romaniote Jews">Romaniote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Hebrew" title="Italian Hebrew">Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizrahi_Hebrew" title="Mizrahi Hebrew">Mizrahi</a> (<span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Jews#Pronunciation_of_Hebrew" title="Syrian Jews">Syrian</a></span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemenite_Hebrew" title="Yemenite Hebrew">Yemenite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samaritan_Hebrew" title="Samaritan Hebrew">Samaritan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiberian_Hebrew" title="Tiberian Hebrew">Tiberian</a> <span style="font-size: 85%;">(extinct)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_vocalization" title="Palestinian vocalization">Palestinian</a> <span style="font-size: 85%;">(extinct)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babylonian_vocalization" title="Babylonian vocalization">Babylonian</a> <span style="font-size: 85%;">(extinct)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Orthography</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eras</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_Hebrew_orthography" title="Biblical Hebrew orthography">Biblical</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Scripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rashi_script" title="Rashi script">Rashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Braille" title="Hebrew Braille">Braille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ktav_Ashuri" title="Ktav Ashuri">Ashuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cursive_Hebrew" title="Cursive Hebrew">Cursive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tag_(Hebrew_writing)" title="Tag (Hebrew writing)">Crowning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleo-Hebrew_alphabet" title="Paleo-Hebrew alphabet">Paleo-Hebrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solitreo" title="Solitreo">Solitreo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_alphabet" title="Hebrew alphabet">Alphabet</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aleph" title="Aleph">Alef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bet_(letter)" title="Bet (letter)">Bet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gimel" title="Gimel">Gimel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalet" title="Dalet">Dalet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_(letter)" title="He (letter)">Hei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waw_(letter)" title="Waw (letter)">Vav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zayin" title="Zayin">Zayin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heth" title="Heth">Ḥet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teth" title="Teth">Tet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yodh" title="Yodh">Yud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaph" title="Kaph">Kaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamedh" title="Lamedh">Lamed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mem" title="Mem">Mem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nun_(letter)" title="Nun (letter)">Nun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samekh" title="Samekh">Samech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayin" title="Ayin">Ayin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pe_(Semitic_letter)" title="Pe (Semitic letter)">Pei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsade" title="Tsade">Tsadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qoph" title="Qoph">Kuf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resh" title="Resh">Resh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shin_(letter)" title="Shin (letter)">Shin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taw" title="Taw">Tav</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Niqqud" title="Niqqud">Niqqud</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tiberian_vocalization" title="Tiberian vocalization">Tiberian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babylonian_vocalization" title="Babylonian vocalization">Babylonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_vocalization" title="Palestinian vocalization">Palestinian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samaritan_vocalization" title="Samaritan vocalization">Samaritan</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shva" title="Shva">Shva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiriq" title="Hiriq">Hiriq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tzere" title="Tzere">Tzere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Segol" title="Segol">Segol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patach" title="Patach">Pataḥ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamatz" title="Kamatz">Kamatz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holam" title="Holam">Holam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kubutz_and_shuruk" title="Kubutz and shuruk">Kubutz/shuruk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagesh" title="Dagesh">Dagesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mappiq" title="Mappiq">Mappiq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_punctuation#Hyphen_and_maqaf" title="Hebrew punctuation">Maqaf</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rafe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shin_(letter)#Sin_and_Shin_dot" title="Shin (letter)">Sin/Shin dot</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_spelling" title="Hebrew spelling">Spelling</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ktiv_menuqad" title="Ktiv menuqad">with Niqqud</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ktiv_hasar_niqqud#Ktiv_haser" title="Ktiv hasar niqqud">missing</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ktiv_hasar_niqqud" title="Ktiv hasar niqqud">full</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mater_lectionis" title="Mater lectionis">Mater lectionis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_abbreviations" title="Hebrew abbreviations">Abbreviations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plene_scriptum" title="Plene scriptum">Plene scriptum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_punctuation" title="Hebrew punctuation">Punctuation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_diacritics" title="Hebrew diacritics">Diacritics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meteg" title="Meteg">Meteg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_cantillation" title="Hebrew cantillation">Cantillation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geresh" title="Geresh">Geresh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gershayim" title="Gershayim">Gershayim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inverted_nun" title="Inverted nun">Inverted nun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shekel_sign" title="Shekel sign">Shekel sign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_numerals" title="Hebrew numerals">Numerals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Phonology" title="Phonology">Phonology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_Hebrew#Phonology" title="Biblical Hebrew">Biblical Hebrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_Hebrew_phonology" title="Modern Hebrew phonology">Modern Hebrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippi%27s_law" title="Philippi's law">Philippi's law</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Begadkefat" title="Begadkefat">Law of attenuation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language#Hebrew_grammar" title="Hebrew language">Grammar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_Hebrew#Grammar" title="Biblical Hebrew">Biblical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_Hebrew_grammar" title="Modern Hebrew grammar">Modern</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Modern_Hebrew_verbs" title="Modern Hebrew verbs">Verbal morphology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semitic_root" title="Semitic root">Semitic roots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prefixes_in_Hebrew" title="Prefixes in Hebrew">Prefixes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffixes_in_Hebrew" title="Suffixes in Hebrew">Suffixes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Segolate" title="Segolate">Segolate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vav-consecutive" title="Vav-consecutive">Vav-consecutive</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Revival_of_the_Hebrew_language" title="Revival of the Hebrew language">Revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academy_of_the_Hebrew_Language" title="Academy of the Hebrew Language">Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Study_of_the_Hebrew_language" title="Study of the Hebrew language">Study</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulpan" title="Ulpan">Ulpan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_keyboard" title="Hebrew keyboard">Keyboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_literature" title="Hebrew literature">Hebrew</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Hebrew_writings" title="Ancient Hebrew writings">ancient</a> / <a href="/wiki/Israeli_literature" title="Israeli literature">modern Israeli</a> literature</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_name" title="Hebrew name">Names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebraization_of_surnames" title="Hebraization of surnames">Surnames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unicode_and_HTML_for_the_Hebrew_alphabet" title="Unicode and HTML for the Hebrew alphabet">Unicode and HTML</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reference works</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Gesenius-Kautsch-Cowley" class="mw-redirect" title="Gesenius-Kautsch-Cowley">Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Gesenius" title="Wilhelm Gesenius">Gesenius' Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament Scriptures</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brown%E2%80%93Driver%E2%80%93Briggs" title="Brown–Driver–Briggs">Brown–Driver–Briggs</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Strong%27s_Concordance" title="Strong's Concordance">Strong's Concordance</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_and_Aramaic_Lexicon_of_the_Old_Testament" title="Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament">Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rafe&oldid=1255575166">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rafe&oldid=1255575166</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Niqqud" title="Category:Niqqud">Niqqud</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" 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