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class="vector-toc-link" href="#21st_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>21st century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-21st_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relation_with_the_Magisterium" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relation_with_the_Magisterium"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Relation with the Magisterium</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relation_with_the_Magisterium-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leadership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leadership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Leadership</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leadership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" 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Available in 33 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-33" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">33 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A" title="المراقب الروماني – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="المراقب الروماني" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B2%27%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8B" title="এল'অসারভেতর রোমানো – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="এল'অসারভেতর রোমানো" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Осерваторе Романо – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Осерваторе Романо" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Osservatore_Romano" title="L'Osservatore Romano – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="L'Osservatore Romano" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Osservatore_Romano" title="L'Osservatore Romano – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="L'Osservatore Romano" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Osservatore_Romano" title="L'Osservatore Romano – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="L'Osservatore Romano" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%E2%80%99Osservatore_Romano" title="L’Osservatore Romano – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="L’Osservatore Romano" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Osservatore_Romano" title="L'Osservatore Romano – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="L'Osservatore Romano" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Osservatore_Romano" title="L'Osservatore Romano – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="L'Osservatore Romano" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Osservatore_Romano" title="L'Osservatore Romano – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="L'Osservatore Romano" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Osservatore_Romano" title="L'Osservatore Romano – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="L'Osservatore Romano" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EC%84%B8%EB%A5%B4%EB%B0%94%ED%86%A0%EB%A0%88_%EB%A1%9C%EB%A7%88%EB%85%B8" title="로세르바토레 로마노 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="로세르바토레 로마노" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Osservatore_Romano" title="L'Osservatore Romano – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="L'Osservatore Romano" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Osservatore_Romano" title="L'Osservatore Romano – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="L'Osservatore Romano" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Osservatore_Romano" title="L'Osservatore Romano – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="L'Osservatore Romano" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%27%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%95%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94_%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%95" title="ל'אוסרווטורה רומאנו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ל'אוסרווטורה רומאנו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Osservatore_Romano" title="L'Osservatore Romano – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="L'Osservatore Romano" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Osservatore_Romano" title="L'Osservatore Romano – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="L'Osservatore Romano" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%E2%80%99Osservatore_Romano" title="L’Osservatore Romano – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="L’Osservatore Romano" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Osservatore_Romano" title="L'Osservatore Romano – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="L'Osservatore Romano" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%83%E3%82%BB%E3%83%AB%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A1%E3%83%88%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AC%E3%83%BB%E3%83%AD%E3%83%9E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8E" title="オッセルヴァトーレ・ロマーノ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="オッセルヴァトーレ・ロマーノ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%E2%80%99Osservatore_Romano" title="L’Osservatore Romano – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="L’Osservatore Romano" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%E2%80%99Osservatore_Romano" title="L’Osservatore Romano – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="L’Osservatore Romano" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Osservatore_Romano" title="L'Osservatore Romano – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="L'Osservatore Romano" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%E2%80%99Osservatore_Romano" title="L’Osservatore Romano – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="L’Osservatore Romano" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Osservatore_Romano" title="L'Osservatore Romano – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="L'Osservatore Romano" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%E2%80%99Osservatore_Romano" title="L’Osservatore Romano – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="L’Osservatore Romano" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Osservatore_Romano" title="L'Osservatore Romano – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="L'Osservatore Romano" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%E2%80%99Osservatore_Romano" title="L’Osservatore Romano – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="L’Osservatore Romano" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Osservatore_Romano" title="L'Osservatore Romano – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="L'Osservatore Romano" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Osservatore_Romano" title="L'Osservatore Romano – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="L'Osservatore Romano" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Osservatore_Romano" title="L'Osservatore Romano – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="L'Osservatore Romano" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E8%A7%80%E5%AF%9F%E5%A0%B1" title="羅馬觀察報 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="羅馬觀察報" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250428316">.mw-parser-output .ib-newspaper .infobox-title{font-size:125%;font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .ib-newspaper .logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}</style><table class="infobox vcard ib-newspaper"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">L'Osservatore Romano</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><i>Unicuique suum</i> - <i>Non prevalebunt</i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Losservatore_romano_2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Losservatore_romano_2.png/250px-Losservatore_romano_2.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="37" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Losservatore_romano_2.png/375px-Losservatore_romano_2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Losservatore_romano_2.png/500px-Losservatore_romano_2.png 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="127" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Daily in Italian<br />Weekly in other languages</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Format</th><td class="infobox-data">Broadsheet</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">The Holy See</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Editor</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrea_Monda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrea Monda (page does not exist)">Andrea Monda</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1 July 1861 (<span class="currentage"></span>163 years old)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political alignment</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Roman Catholic Church</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label">Via del Pellegrino - 00120<br /><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0391-688X">0391-688X</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.osservatoreromano.va/">osservatoreromano.va</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>L'Osservatore Romano</b></i> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Italian:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="it-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian" title="Help:IPA/Italian">[losservaˈtoːre<span class="wrap"> </span>roˈmaːno]</a></span>; English: "The Roman Observer") is the daily newspaper of <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Vatican City State">Vatican City State</a> which reports on the activities of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> and events taking place in the Catholic Church and the world.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Guardian_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guardian-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is owned by the Holy See but is not an official publication, a role reserved for the <i><a href="/wiki/Acta_Apostolicae_Sedis" title="Acta Apostolicae Sedis">Acta Apostolicae Sedis</a></i>, which acts as a <a href="/wiki/Government_gazette" title="Government gazette">government gazette</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-cwndef_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cwndef-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Guardian_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guardian-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The views expressed in the <i>Osservatore</i> are those of individual authors unless they appear under the specific titles "Nostre Informazioni" or "Santa Sede".<sup id="cite_ref-Bunson_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bunson-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PLev_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PLev-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Available in nine languages, the paper prints two <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a> mottos under the <a href="/wiki/Nameplate_(publishing)" title="Nameplate (publishing)">masthead</a> of each edition: <i>Unicuique suum</i> ('To each his own') and <i>Non praevalebunt</i> ('[The gates of Hell] shall not prevail').<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The current editor-in-chief is <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrea_Monda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrea Monda (page does not exist)">Andrea Monda</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Editions">Editions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%27Osservatore_Romano&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Editions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>L'Osservatore Romano</i> is published in eight different languages (listed by date of first publication):<sup id="cite_ref-vathist_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vathist-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Daily and weekly in <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a> (1861/1950)</li> <li>Weekly in <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> (1949)</li> <li>Weekly in <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> (1968)</li> <li>Weekly in <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a> (1969)</li> <li>Weekly in <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a> (1970)</li> <li>Weekly in <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a> (1971)</li> <li>Monthly in <a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a> (1980)</li> <li>Weekly in <a href="/wiki/Malayalam_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Malayalam language">Malayalam</a> (2007)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>The daily Italian edition of <i>L'Osservatore Romano</i> is published in the afternoon, but with a <a href="/wiki/Cover_date" title="Cover date">cover date</a> of the following day, a convention that sometimes results in confusion.<sup id="cite_ref-cwndef_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cwndef-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The weekly English edition is distributed in more than 129 countries, including both <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_where_English_is_an_official_language" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries where English is an official language">English-speaking countries</a> and locales where English is used as the general means of communication.<sup id="cite_ref-vathist_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vathist-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="L'Osservatore_della_Domenica"><span id="L.27Osservatore_della_Domenica"></span><i>L'Osservatore della Domenica</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%27Osservatore_Romano&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: L'Osservatore della Domenica"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>L'Osservatore della Domenica</i> is a weekly publication in <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a>. It is the Sunday supplement to the <i>L'Osservatore Romano</i>. Founded in 1934, an illustrated weekly was published with the title <i>L'Osservatore romano della Domenica</i> (since 1951 <i>L'Osservatore della Domenica</i>). In 1979 it was reduced to a Sunday supplement.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="L'Osservatore_di_Strada"><span id="L.27Osservatore_di_Strada"></span><i>L'Osservatore di Strada</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%27Osservatore_Romano&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: L'Osservatore di Strada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since 29 June 2022, another edition of <i>L'Osservatore Romano</i> is published: <i>L'Osservatore di Strada</i>. It is published the first Sunday of every month.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 29 June 2022, its first print publication was distributed to those present at <a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter%27s_Square" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Peter's Square">Saint Peter's Square</a>. On the same day, at the end of the Pope's <a href="/wiki/Church_service" title="Church service">service</a>, the Pope made a remark at the end of his <a href="/wiki/Marian_devotions" title="Marian devotions">marian prayer</a> praising the newspaper.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%27Osservatore_Romano&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Leo_XIII.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Leo_XIII.jpg/200px-Leo_XIII.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="249" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Leo_XIII.jpg/300px-Leo_XIII.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Leo_XIII.jpg/400px-Leo_XIII.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2087" data-file-height="2598" /></a><figcaption>Under Pope Leo XIII, the Holy See acquired ownership of <i>L'Osservatore</i> in 1885</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="19th_century">19th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%27Osservatore_Romano&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 19th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Giornale-di-Roma-27-November-1852.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f8/Giornale-di-Roma-27-November-1852.jpg/200px-Giornale-di-Roma-27-November-1852.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="283" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/f8/Giornale-di-Roma-27-November-1852.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="265" data-file-height="375" /></a><figcaption><i>Giornale di Roma</i> (27 November 1852)</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Losservatore-Romano-15-May-1891.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9b/Losservatore-Romano-15-May-1891.jpg/200px-Losservatore-Romano-15-May-1891.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="278" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/9/9b/Losservatore-Romano-15-May-1891.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="267" data-file-height="371" /></a><figcaption><i>L'Osservatore Romano</i>: front page of 15 May 1891, publishing the encyclical <i><a href="/wiki/Rerum_Novarum" class="mw-redirect" title="Rerum Novarum">Rerum Novarum</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_XIII" title="Pope Leo XIII">Pope Leo XIII</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The first issue of <i>L'Osservatore Romano</i> was published in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a> on 1 July 1861, a few months after the <a href="/wiki/Italian_unification" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian unification">Kingdom of Italy</a> was proclaimed on 17 March 1861.<sup id="cite_ref-vathist_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vathist-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The original intent of the newspaper was unabashedly polemical and propagandistic in defence of the <a href="/wiki/Papal_States" title="Papal States">Papal States</a>, adopting the name of a private pamphlet financed by a <a href="/wiki/Legitimists" title="Legitimists">French Catholic legitimist</a> group.<sup id="cite_ref-vathist_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vathist-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 18 September 1860 defeat of papal troops at <a href="/wiki/Castelfidardo" title="Castelfidardo">Castelfidardo</a> substantially reduced the temporal power of the Pope, prompting Catholic intellectuals to present themselves in Rome for the service of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_IX" title="Pope Pius IX">Pope Pius IX</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-vathist_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vathist-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This agenda supported the notion of a daily publication to champion the opinions of the Holy See.<sup id="cite_ref-vathist_8-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vathist-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By July 1860, the deputy Minister of the Interior, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marcantonio_Pacelli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marcantonio Pacelli (page does not exist)">Marcantonio Pacelli</a> (grandfather of the future Pope <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_XII" title="Pope Pius XII">Pius XII</a>), had plans to supplement the official bulletin of the Catholic Church <i>Giornale di Roma</i> with a semi-official "rhetorical" publication. In early 1861, controversialist Nicola Zanchini and journalist Giuseppe Bastia were granted editorial direction of Pacelli's newspaper. Official permission to publish was sought on 22 June 1861, and four days later, on 26 June, Pius IX gave his approval for the regulation of <i>L'Osservatore</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-vathist_8-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vathist-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first edition was entitled "<i>L'Osservatore Romano</i> – a political and moral paper" and cost five <a href="/wiki/Papal_States_scudo" class="mw-redirect" title="Papal States scudo">baiocchi</a>. The "political and moral paper" epithet was dropped before 1862, adding instead the two Latin mottoes that still appear under the masthead today.<sup id="cite_ref-vathist_8-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vathist-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/Porta_Pia" title="Porta Pia">breach of Porta Pia</a> by Italian troops in September 1870, <i>L'Osservatore Romano</i> solidified its opposition to the Kingdom of Italy, affirming obedience to the Pope and adherence to his directives, stating it would remain faithful "to that unchangeable principle of religion and morals which recognises as its sole depository and claimant the <a href="/wiki/Vicar_of_Christ" title="Vicar of Christ">Vicar of Jesus Christ</a> on earth".<sup id="cite_ref-vathist_8-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vathist-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%27Osservatore_Romano&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Losservatore-Romano-19-August-2015.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/3c/Losservatore-Romano-19-August-2015.jpeg/240px-Losservatore-Romano-19-August-2015.jpeg" decoding="async" width="240" height="340" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/3/3c/Losservatore-Romano-19-August-2015.jpeg 1.5x" data-file-width="265" data-file-height="375" /></a><figcaption><i>L'Osservatore Romano</i> cover (19 August 2015)</figcaption></figure> <p>The Osservatore continued to be published as a newspaper in Vatican City, but in 1904, <i><a href="/wiki/Acta_Sanctae_Sedis" class="mw-redirect" title="Acta Sanctae Sedis">Acta Sanctae Sedis</a></i>, which had existed since 1865, was declared the formal organ of the Holy See in that all documents printed in it were considered "authentic and official".<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Acta Sanctae Sedis</i> ceased publication four years later and on 29 September 1908 <i><a href="/wiki/Acta_Apostolicae_Sedis" title="Acta Apostolicae Sedis">Acta Apostolicae Sedis</a></i> became the official publication of the Holy See.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The English weekly edition was first published on 4 April 1968.<sup id="cite_ref-vathist_8-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vathist-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 7 January 1998, that edition became the first to be printed outside of Rome, when for North American subscribers, it began to be printed in <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Baltimore" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Baltimore">Baltimore</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-baltsun98_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baltsun98-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The edition was printed by the Cathedral Foundation, publishers of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Catholic_Review" title="The Catholic Review">The Catholic Review</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-baltsun98_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baltsun98-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="21st_century">21st century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%27Osservatore_Romano&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 21st century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of 1 July 2011, the English language edition of the <i>L'Osservatore Romano</i> for North American subscribers is once again published in Rome.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 21st century, the paper has taken a more objective and subdued stance than at the time of its foundation, priding itself in "presenting the genuine face of the church and the ideals of freedom", following the statement by Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Tarcisio_Bertone" title="Tarcisio Bertone">Tarcisio Bertone</a> in an October 2006 speech inaugurating a new exhibit dedicated to the founding and history of the newspaper.<sup id="cite_ref-cnsnobs_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnsnobs-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He further described the publication as "an instrument for spreading the teachings of the successor of Peter and for information about church events".<sup id="cite_ref-cnsnobs_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnsnobs-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 27 June 2015, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a>, in an <a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_letter#Letters_of_the_popes_in_modern_times" title="Ecclesiastical letter">apostolic letter</a>, established the <a href="/wiki/Secretariat_for_Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretariat for Communications">Secretariat for Communications</a>, a new part of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Curia" title="Roman Curia">Roman Curia</a>, and included <i>L'Osservatore Romano</i> under its management.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Relation_with_the_Magisterium">Relation with the Magisterium</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%27Osservatore_Romano&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Relation with the Magisterium"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It is a common error to assume that the contents of the <i>L'Osservatore Romano</i> represent the views of the <a href="/wiki/Magisterium" title="Magisterium">Magisterium</a>, or the official position of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a>. In general, this is not the case, and the only parts of the <i>Osservatore</i> which represent the views of the Holy See are those that appear under the titles "Nostre Informazioni" or "Santa Sede".<sup id="cite_ref-Bunson_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bunson-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PLev_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PLev-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At times the Magisterium disputes the contents of the <i>Osservatore</i>, e.g. a 2008 article expressed the desire that the debate on <a href="/wiki/Brain_death" title="Brain death">brain death</a> be re‑opened because of new developments in the medical world. An official spokesman said that the article presented a personal opinion of the author and "did not reflect a change in the Catholic Church's position".<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leadership">Leadership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%27Osservatore_Romano&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Leadership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Editors-in-chief<sup id="cite_ref-vathist_8-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vathist-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dt></dl> <ul><li>Nicola Zanchini and Giuseppe Bastia (1861–1866)</li> <li>Augusto Baviera (1866–1884)</li> <li>Cesare Crispolti (1884–1890)</li> <li>Giovan Battista Casoni (1890–1900)</li> <li>Giuseppe Angelini (1900–1919)</li> <li>Giuseppe Dalla Torre di Sanguinetto (1920–1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raimondo_Manzini_(1901%E2%80%931988)" title="Raimondo Manzini (1901–1988)">Raimondo Manzini</a> (1960–1978)</li> <li>Valerio Volpini (1978–1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Agnes" title="Mario Agnes">Mario Agnes</a> (1984–2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Maria_Vian" title="Giovanni Maria Vian">Giovanni Maria Vian</a> (2007–2018)<sup id="cite_ref-ncr20181218_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ncr20181218-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrea_Monda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrea Monda (page does not exist)">Andrea Monda</a> (2018–present)<sup id="cite_ref-ncr20181218_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ncr20181218-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%27Osservatore_Romano&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Vatican_City-related_articles" class="mw-redirect" title="Index of Vatican City-related articles">Index of Vatican City-related articles</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%27Osservatore_Romano&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">From <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Matthew%2016:18&version=nrsv">Matthew 16:18</a>: <i>Et ego dico tibi quia tu es Petrus et super hanc petram aedificabo ecclesiam meam et portae inferi <b>non praevalebunt</b> adversum eam</i> (<a href="/wiki/Vulgate" title="Vulgate">Latin Vulgate</a>)</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%27Osservatore_Romano&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFVatican_City" class="citation web cs1">Vatican City. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vaticanstate.va/content/vaticanstate/en/altre-istituzioni/osservatore-romano.html">"Osservatore Romano"</a>. Vatican City State<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Osservatore+Romano&rft.pub=Vatican+City+State&rft.au=Vatican+City&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vaticanstate.va%2Fcontent%2Fvaticanstate%2Fen%2Faltre-istituzioni%2Fosservatore-romano.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AL%27Osservatore+Romano" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guardian-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Guardian_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guardian_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/jul/20/vatican-newspaper-pope">John Hooper, "Behind the scenes at the pope's newspaper"</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>, 20 July 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cwndef-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cwndef_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cwndef_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080315171748/http://www.cwnews.com/news/biosgloss/definition.cfm?glossID=62">"L'Osservatore Romano"</a>. <i>Catholic World News</i>. Trinity Publications. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cwnews.com/news/biosgloss/definition.cfm?glossID=62">the original</a> on 15 March 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 October</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Catholic+World+News&rft.atitle=L%27Osservatore+Romano&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cwnews.com%2Fnews%2Fbiosgloss%2Fdefinition.cfm%3FglossID%3D62&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AL%27Osservatore+Romano" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurkle-Young2000" class="citation book cs1">Burkle-Young, Francis A. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=t9QxJMdp6FMC&pg=PA72"><i>Papal Elections in the Age of Transition, 1878-1922</i></a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 February</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Zenit+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Distribuyen+primer+ejemplar+de+nuevo+peri%C3%B3dico+del+Vaticano%3A+L%27Osservatore+di+Strada&rft.date=2022-06-29&rft.aulast=di+Luca&rft.aufirst=Bernardo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fes.zenit.org%2F2022%2F06%2F29%2Fdistribuyen-primer-ejemplar-de-nuevo-periodico-del-vaticano-losservatore-di-strada%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AL%27Osservatore+Romano" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCapelli2022" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Capelli, Benedetta (29 June 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vaticannews.va/it/papa/news/2022-06/papa-francesco-angelus-osservatore-di-strada-giornale-poveri.html">"Il Papa: l'Osservatore di strada, gli ultimi i veri protagonisti"</a>. <i>Vatican News</i> (in Italian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 February</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vatican+News&rft.atitle=Il+Papa%3A+l%27Osservatore+di+strada%2C+gli+ultimi+i+veri+protagonisti&rft.date=2022-06-29&rft.aulast=Capelli&rft.aufirst=Benedetta&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vaticannews.va%2Fit%2Fpapa%2Fnews%2F2022-06%2Fpapa-francesco-angelus-osservatore-di-strada-giornale-poveri.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AL%27Osservatore+Romano" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerbermann1913" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Acta Sanctæ Sedis"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/Acta_Sanct%C3%A6_Sedis">"Acta Sanctæ Sedis" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i>. New York: Robert Appleton Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Acta+Sanct%C3%A6+Sedis&rft.btitle=Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Robert+Appleton+Company&rft.date=1913&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AL%27Osservatore+Romano" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-280290-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-280290-3">978-0-19-280290-3</a>, article Acta Apostolicae Sedis</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-baltsun98-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-baltsun98_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-baltsun98_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStiehm1998" class="citation news cs1">Stiehm, Jamie (13 January 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baltimoresun.com/1998/01/13/newspaper-for-vatican-published-in-baltimore-popes-speeches-writings-distributed-to-us-readers-in-english-language-edition/">"Newspaper for Vatican published in Baltimore"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Baltimore_Sun" title="The Baltimore Sun">The Baltimore Sun</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140918212526/http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1998-01-13/news/1998013106_1_vatican-newspaper-losservatore-romano-rome">Archived</a> from the original on 18 September 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Making all the logistical arrangements to publish the Vatican newspaper—also technically a government document—in Baltimore was a yearlong project...The weekly, in the format of a 12‑page tabloid, is scheduled to be printed and mailed every Wednesday, reaching North American readers more rapidly than it previously did by air or ship from Rome.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Baltimore+Sun&rft.atitle=Newspaper+for+Vatican+published+in+Baltimore&rft.date=1998-01-13&rft.aulast=Stiehm&rft.aufirst=Jamie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.baltimoresun.com%2F1998%2F01%2F13%2Fnewspaper-for-vatican-published-in-baltimore-popes-speeches-writings-distributed-to-us-readers-in-english-language-edition%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AL%27Osservatore+Romano" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/news_services/or/or_eng/static/abboneng00.html">"Notice to our subscribers in the U.S. and in Canada"</a>. <i>L'Osservatore Romano</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=La+Stampa&rft.atitle=Francis+creates+Secretariat+to+elevate%2C+consolidate+Vatican+communications&rft.date=2015-06-27&rft.aulast=McElwee&rft.aufirst=Joshua&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lastampa.it%2F2015%2F06%2F27%2Fvaticaninsider%2Feng%2Fthe-vatican%2Ffrancis-creates-secretariat-to-elevate-consolidate-vatican-communications-5eNu2nNNFQmD3WLAvyLJcJ%2Fpagina.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AL%27Osservatore+Romano" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWooden2008" class="citation web cs1">Wooden, Cindy (30 September 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20080909204259/http://www.catholicnews.com/data/stories/cns/0804460.htm">"Vatican newspaper says new questions raised about brain death"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Catholic_News_Service" title="Catholic News Service">Catholic News Service</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholicnews.com/data/stories/cns/0804460.htm">the original</a> on 9 September 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 February</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Vatican+newspaper+says+new+questions+raised+about+brain+death&rft.pub=Catholic+News+Service&rft.date=2008-09-30&rft.aulast=Wooden&rft.aufirst=Cindy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicnews.com%2Fdata%2Fstories%2Fcns%2F0804460.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AL%27Osservatore+Romano" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ncr20181218-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ncr20181218_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ncr20181218_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlatz2018" class="citation news cs1">Glatz, Carol (18 December 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190720171117/https://www.ncronline.org/news/media/pope-names-italian-journalists-key-posts-vatican-communications">"Pope names Italian journalists to key posts in Vatican communications"</a>. <i>National Catholic Reporter</i>. Catholic News Service. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncronline.org/news/media/pope-names-italian-journalists-key-posts-vatican-communications">the original</a> on 20 July 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Catholic+Reporter&rft.atitle=Pope+names+Italian+journalists+to+key+posts+in+Vatican+communications&rft.date=2018-12-18&rft.aulast=Glatz&rft.aufirst=Carol&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncronline.org%2Fnews%2Fmedia%2Fpope-names-italian-journalists-key-posts-vatican-communications&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AL%27Osservatore+Romano" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%27Osservatore_Romano&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMerrillFisher1980" class="citation book cs1">Merrill, John C.; Fisher, Harold A. (1980). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldsgreatdaili0000merr/page/230"><i>The world's great dailies: profiles of fifty newspapers</i></a></span>. Communication arts books. Hastings House. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worldsgreatdaili0000merr/page/230">230–37</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780803880955" title="Special:BookSources/9780803880955"><bdi>9780803880955</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+world%27s+great+dailies%3A+profiles+of+fifty+newspapers&rft.series=Communication+arts+books&rft.pages=230-37&rft.pub=Hastings+House&rft.date=1980&rft.isbn=9780803880955&rft.aulast=Merrill&rft.aufirst=John+C.&rft.au=Fisher%2C+Harold+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fworldsgreatdaili0000merr%2Fpage%2F230&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AL%27Osservatore+Romano" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20000118191218/https://www.vatican.va/news_services/or/history/hi_eng.html">"The origins of <i>L'Osservatore Romano</i>"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/news_services/or/history/hi_eng.html">the original</a> on 18 January 2000.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+origins+of+L%27Osservatore+Romano&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vatican.va%2Fnews_services%2For%2Fhistory%2Fhi_eng.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AL%27Osservatore+Romano" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%27Osservatore_Romano&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.osservatoreromano.va/">Official website</a></span></span> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.osservatoreromano.va/it/osservatore-della-domenica.html"><i>L'Osservatore della Domenica</i> section</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.osservatoreromano.va/it/osservatore-di-strada.html"><i>L'Osservatore di Strada</i> section</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="List_of_newspapers_in_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Europe_topic" title="Template:Europe topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Europe_topic" title="Template talk:Europe topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Europe_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Europe topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="List_of_newspapers_in_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="List of newspapers in Europe">List of newspapers in Europe </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Albania" title="List of newspapers in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Andorra" title="List of newspapers in Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Armenia" title="List of newspapers in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Austria" title="List of newspapers in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Azerbaijan" title="List of newspapers in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Belarus" title="List of newspapers in Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Belgium" title="List of newspapers in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="List of newspapers in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Bulgaria" title="List of newspapers in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Croatia" title="List of newspapers in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Cyprus" title="List of newspapers in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="List of newspapers in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Denmark" title="List of newspapers in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Estonia" title="List of newspapers in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Finland" title="List of newspapers in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_France" title="List of newspapers in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Georgia_(country)" title="List of newspapers in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Germany" title="List of newspapers in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Greece" title="List of newspapers in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Hungary" title="List of newspapers in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Iceland" title="List of newspapers in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="List of newspapers in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Italy" title="List of newspapers in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Kazakhstan" title="List of newspapers in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Latvia" title="List of newspapers in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Liechtenstein" title="List of newspapers in Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Lithuania" title="List of newspapers in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Luxembourg" title="List of newspapers in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Malta" title="List of newspapers in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Moldova" title="List of newspapers in Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Monaco" title="List of newspapers in Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Montenegro" title="List of newspapers in Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_the_Netherlands" title="List of newspapers in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_North_Macedonia" title="List of newspapers in North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Norway" title="List of newspapers in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Poland" title="List of newspapers in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Portugal" title="List of newspapers in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Romania" title="List of newspapers in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Russia" title="List of newspapers in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_San_Marino" title="List of newspapers in San Marino">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Serbia" title="List of newspapers in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Slovakia" title="List of newspapers in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Slovenia" title="List of newspapers in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Spain" title="List of newspapers in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="List of newspapers in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Switzerland" title="List of newspapers in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Turkey" title="List of newspapers in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Ukraine" title="List of newspapers in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of newspapers in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Vatican_City" title="List of newspapers in Vatican City">Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with limited<br />recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_newspapers_in_Abkhazia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of newspapers in Abkhazia (page does not exist)">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Kosovo" title="List of newspapers in Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Northern_Cyprus" title="List of newspapers in Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_newspapers_in_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of newspapers in South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_newspapers_in_Transnistria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of newspapers in Transnistria (page does not exist)">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies and<br />other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_%C3%85land" title="List of newspapers in Åland">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_the_Faroe_Islands" title="List of newspapers in the Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Gibraltar" title="List of newspapers in Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Guernsey" title="List of newspapers in Guernsey">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_the_Isle_of_Man" title="List of newspapers in the Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Jersey" title="List of newspapers in Jersey">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Svalbard" title="List of newspapers in Svalbard">Svalbard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Newspapers_published_in_Italy" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Italy" title="List of newspapers in Italy">Newspapers published in Italy</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Avvenire" title="Avvenire">Avvenire</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Corriere_della_Sera" title="Corriere della Sera">Corriere della Sera</a></i></span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Domani_(newspaper)" title="Domani (newspaper)">Domani</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Il_Dubbio" title="Il Dubbio">Il Dubbio</a></i></li> <li><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Il_Fatto_Quotidiano" title="Il Fatto Quotidiano">Il Fatto Quotidiano</a></i></span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Il_Foglio" title="Il Foglio">Il Foglio</a></i></li> <li><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Il_Giornale" title="Il Giornale">Il Giornale</a></i></span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Il_manifesto" title="Il manifesto">Il manifesto</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Il_Mattino" title="Il Mattino">Il Mattino</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Il_Messaggero" title="Il Messaggero">Il Messaggero</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Il_Riformista" title="Il Riformista">Il Riformista</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Il_Tempo" title="Il Tempo">Il Tempo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Italia_Oggi" title="Italia Oggi">Italia Oggi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Notizia" title="La Notizia">La Notizia</a></i></li> <li><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/La_Repubblica" title="La Repubblica">La Repubblica</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/La_Stampa" title="La Stampa">La Stampa</a></i></span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Verit%C3%A0" title="La Verità">La Verità</a></i></li> <li><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Libero_(newspaper)" title="Libero (newspaper)">Libero</a></i></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/32px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/48px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/64px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Italy" title="Portal:Italy">Italy portal</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional/local</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Alto_Adige_(newspaper)" title="Alto Adige (newspaper)">Alto Adige</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bresciaoggi" title="Bresciaoggi">Bresciaoggi</a></i></li> <li><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Corriere_Adriatico" title="Corriere Adriatico">Corriere Adriatico</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Corriere_dell%27Umbria" title="Corriere dell'Umbria">Corriere dell'Umbria</a></i></span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Corriere_del_Mezzogiorno" title="Corriere del Mezzogiorno">Corriere del Mezzogiorno</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Corriere_del_Trentino" title="Corriere del Trentino">Corriere del Trentino</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dolomiten" title="Dolomiten">Dolomiten</a></i> (German)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Editoriale_Oggi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Editoriale Oggi (page does not exist)">Editoriale Oggi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gazzetta_del_Sud" title="Gazzetta del Sud">Gazzetta del Sud</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gazzetta_di_Mantova" title="Gazzetta di Mantova">Gazzetta di Mantova</a></i></li> <li><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Gazzetta_di_Modena" title="Gazzetta di Modena">Gazzetta di Modena</a></i></span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gazzetta_di_Parma" title="Gazzetta di Parma">Gazzetta di Parma</a></i></li> <li><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Gazzetta_di_Reggio" title="Gazzetta di Reggio">Gazzetta di Reggio</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Giornale_di_Brescia" title="Giornale di Brescia">Giornale di Brescia</a></i></span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Giornale_di_Sicilia" title="Giornale di Sicilia">Giornale di Sicilia</a></i></li> <li><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Il_Centro" title="Il Centro">Il Centro</a></i></span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Il_Gazzettino" title="Il Gazzettino">Il Gazzettino</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Il_Giornale_di_Vicenza" title="Il Giornale di Vicenza">Il Giornale di Vicenza</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Il_Giorno_(newspaper)" title="Il Giorno (newspaper)">Il Giorno</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Il_Mattino_di_Padova" title="Il Mattino di Padova">Il Mattino di Padova</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Il_Piccolo" title="Il Piccolo">Il Piccolo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Il_Quotidiano_del_Sud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Il Quotidiano del Sud (page does not exist)">Il Quotidiano del Sud</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Il_Resto_del_Carlino" title="Il Resto del Carlino">Il Resto del Carlino</a></i></li> <li><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Il_Secolo_XIX" title="Il Secolo XIX">Il Secolo XIX</a></i></span></li> <li><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Il_Tirreno" title="Il Tirreno">Il Tirreno</a></i></span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/L%27Adige_(newspaper)" title="L'Adige (newspaper)">L'Adige</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/L%27Arena" title="L'Arena">L'Arena</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/L%27Eco_di_Bergamo" title="L'Eco di Bergamo">L'Eco di Bergamo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/L%27Unione_Sarda" title="L'Unione Sarda">L'Unione Sarda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/L%27Unit%C3%A0" title="L'Unità">l'Unità</a></i></li> <li><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/La_Gazzetta_del_Mezzogiorno" title="La Gazzetta del Mezzogiorno">La Gazzetta del Mezzogiorno</a></i></span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Nazione" title="La Nazione">La Nazione</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=La_Nuova_Ferrara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="La Nuova Ferrara (page does not exist)">La Nuova Ferrara</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Nuova_Sardegna" title="La Nuova Sardegna">La Nuova Sardegna</a></i></li> <li><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/La_Nuova_Venezia" title="La Nuova Venezia">La Nuova Venezia</a></i></span></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=La_Provincia_(newspaper)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="La Provincia (newspaper) (page does not exist)">La Provincia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Provincia_di_Cremona" title="La Provincia di Cremona">La Provincia di Cremona</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Provincia_Pavese" title="La Provincia Pavese">La Provincia Pavese</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Sicilia" title="La Sicilia">La Sicilia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Tribuna_di_Treviso" title="La Tribuna di Treviso">La Tribuna di Treviso</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=La_Voce_di_Mantova&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="La Voce di Mantova (page does not exist)">La Voce di Mantova</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=La_Voce_di_Rovigo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="La Voce di Rovigo (page does not exist)">La Voce di Rovigo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Libert%C3%A0_(newspaper)" title="Libertà (newspaper)">Libertà</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Messaggero_Veneto" title="Messaggero Veneto">Messaggero Veneto</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neue_S%C3%BCdtiroler_Tageszeitung" title="Neue Südtiroler Tageszeitung">Neue Südtiroler Tageszeitung</a></i> (German)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuovo_Quotidiano_di_Puglia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nuovo Quotidiano di Puglia (page does not exist)">Nuovo Quotidiano di Puglia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Primorski_dnevnik" title="Primorski dnevnik">Primorski dnevnik</a></i> (Slovene)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quotidiano_di_Sicilia" title="Quotidiano di Sicilia">Quotidiano di Sicilia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roma_(newspaper)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roma (newspaper) (page does not exist)">Roma</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Financial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Il_Sole_24_Ore" title="Il Sole 24 Ore">Il Sole 24 Ore</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Italia_Oggi" title="Italia Oggi">Italia Oggi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/MF_Milano_Finanza" title="MF Milano Finanza">MF Milano Finanza</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Corriere_dello_Sport" title="Corriere dello Sport">Corriere dello Sport</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Gazzetta_dello_Sport" title="La Gazzetta dello Sport">La Gazzetta dello Sport</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tuttosport" title="Tuttosport">Tuttosport</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Free</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Leggo" title="Leggo">Leggo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Metro_(Italian_newspaper)" title="Metro (Italian newspaper)">Metro</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">On-line</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Fanpage.it" title="Fanpage.it">Fanpage.it</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Il_Post" title="Il Post">Il Post</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Roman_Curia_of_the_Holy_See" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Roman_Curia_footer" title="Template:Roman Curia footer"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Roman_Curia_footer" title="Template talk:Roman Curia footer"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Roman_Curia_footer" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Roman Curia footer"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Roman_Curia_of_the_Holy_See" class="wraplinks" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Roman_Curia" title="Roman Curia">Roman Curia</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Secretariat</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Secretariat_of_State" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_State_(Holy_See)" title="Secretariat of State (Holy See)">Secretariat of State</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Section for General Affairs</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Section_for_Relations_with_States" title="Section for Relations with States">Section for Relations with States</a></li> <li>Secretary for Pontifical Representations</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dicastery" title="Dicastery">Dicasteries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Evangelization" title="Dicastery for Evangelization">Evangelization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Doctrine_of_the_Faith" title="Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith">Doctrine of the Faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Service_of_Charity" title="Dicastery for the Service of Charity">Service of Charity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Eastern_Churches" title="Dicastery for the Eastern Churches">Oriental Churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Divine_Worship_and_the_Discipline_of_the_Sacraments" title="Dicastery for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments">Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Causes_of_Saints" title="Dicastery for the Causes of Saints">Causes of Saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Bishops" title="Dicastery for Bishops">Bishops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Clergy" title="Dicastery for the Clergy">Clergy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Institutes_of_Consecrated_Life_and_Societies_of_Apostolic_Life" title="Dicastery for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life">Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Laity,_Family_and_Life" title="Dicastery for the Laity, Family and Life">Laity, Family and Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Promoting_Christian_Unity" title="Dicastery for Promoting Christian Unity">Christian Unity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Interreligious_Dialogue" title="Dicastery for Interreligious Dialogue">Interreligious Dialogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Culture_and_Education" title="Dicastery for Culture and Education">Culture and Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Promoting_Integral_Human_Development" title="Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human Development">Integral Human Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Legislative_Texts" title="Dicastery for Legislative Texts">Legislative Texts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="Dicastery for Communications">Communications</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tribunal" title="Tribunal">Tribunals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Penitentiary" title="Apostolic Penitentiary">Apostolic Penitentiary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Signatura" title="Apostolic Signatura">Apostolic Signatura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Rota" title="Roman Rota">Roman Rota</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Economics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Council_for_the_Economy" class="mw-redirect" title="Council for the Economy">Council for the Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_for_the_Economy" title="Secretariat for the Economy">Secretariat for the Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Administration_of_the_Patrimony_of_the_Apostolic_See" title="Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See">Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See</a></li> <li>Office of the Auditor General</li> <li>Commission for Confidential Matters</li> <li>Committee for Investments</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Offices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prefecture_of_the_Papal_Household" title="Prefecture of the Papal Household">Prefecture of the Papal Household</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_for_the_Liturgical_Celebrations_of_the_Supreme_Pontiff" title="Office for the Liturgical Celebrations of the Supreme Pontiff">Office for the Liturgical Celebrations of the Supreme Pontiff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Camera" title="Apostolic Camera">Apostolic Camera</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camerlengo_of_the_Holy_Roman_Church" title="Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church">Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Institutes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Office_of_the_Apostolic_See" title="Labour Office of the Apostolic See">Labour Office of the Apostolic See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Apostolic_Archives" class="mw-redirect" title="Vatican Apostolic Archives">Vatican Apostolic Archives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Apostolic_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Vatican Apostolic Library">Vatican Apostolic Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fabric_of_Saint_Peter" title="Fabric of Saint Peter">Fabric of Saint Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_for_Sacred_Archaeology" title="Pontifical Commission for Sacred Archaeology">Pontifical Commission for Sacred Archaeology</a></li> <li>AVEPRO</li> <li>Supervisory and Financial Information Authority</li> <li>Domus Vaticanae</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Interdicasterial commissions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Particular Churches</li> <li>Church in Eastern Europe</li> <li>Consecrated Religious</li> <li>Candidates to Sacred Order</li> <li>Revision of the General Regulations of the Roman Curia</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Commissions and committees</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Committee_for_International_Eucharistic_Congresses" title="Pontifical Committee for International Eucharistic Congresses">International Eucharistic Congresses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Committee_for_Historical_Sciences" title="Pontifical Committee for Historical Sciences">Historical Sciences</a></li> <li>Advocates</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Swiss_Guards" class="mw-redirect" title="Pontifical Swiss Guards">Swiss Guards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disciplinary_Commission_of_the_Roman_Curia" title="Disciplinary Commission of the Roman Curia">Disciplinary</a></li> <li>Financial Security</li> <li>Commission of Cardinals overseeing the Institute for Works of Religion</li> <li>Activities of Public Juridical Persons of the Church in the Healthcare Sector</li> <li>Verification and Application of Mitis Iudex in the Churches of Italy</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Other organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Councils, commissions, and offices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Evangelization" title="Dicastery for Evangelization">Evangelization</a> <ul><li>International Council for Catechesis</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Doctrine_of_the_Faith" title="Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith">Doctrine of the Faith</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_for_the_Protection_of_Minors" title="Pontifical Commission for the Protection of Minors">Pontifical Commission for the Protection of Minors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Theological_Commission" title="International Theological Commission">International Theological Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Biblical_Commission" title="Pontifical Biblical Commission">Pontifical Biblical Commission</a></li> <li>College for the review of appeals by clergy accused of delicta reservata</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Bishops" title="Dicastery for Bishops">Bishops</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_for_Latin_America" title="Pontifical Commission for Latin America">Pontifical Commission for Latin America</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_the_Clergy" title="Dicastery for the Clergy">Clergy</a> <ul><li>Pontifical Work for Priestly Vocations</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Promoting_Christian_Unity" title="Dicastery for Promoting Christian Unity">Christian Unity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commission_for_Religious_Relations_with_the_Jews" title="Commission for Religious Relations with the Jews">Commission for Religious Relations with the Jews</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Interreligious_Dialogue" title="Dicastery for Interreligious Dialogue">Interreligious Dialogue</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commission_for_Religious_Relations_with_Muslims" title="Commission for Religious Relations with Muslims">Commission for Religious Relations with Muslims</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Culture_and_Education" title="Dicastery for Culture and Education">Culture and Education</a> <ul><li>Pontifical Work for Ecclesiastical Vocations</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Communications" class="mw-redirect" title="Dicastery for Communications">Communications</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Publishing_House" title="Vatican Publishing House">Vatican Publishing House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Media" title="Vatican Media">Vatican Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Radio" title="Vatican Radio">Vatican Radio</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">L'Osservatore Romano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Press_Office_of_the_Holy_See" class="mw-redirect" title="Press Office of the Holy See">Press Office of the Holy See</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Pontifical academies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Arcadia" title="Pontifical Academy of Arcadia">Arcadia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphonsian_Academy" title="Alphonsian Academy">Alphonsian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Ecclesiastical_Academy" title="Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy">Ecclesiastical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Fine_Arts_and_Letters_of_the_Virtuosi_al_Pantheon" title="Pontifical Academy of Fine Arts and Letters of the Virtuosi al Pantheon">Fine Arts and Letters of the Virtuosi al Pantheon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Pontifical Academy of Sciences">Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Theology" title="Pontifical Academy of Theology">Theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Archaeology" title="Pontifical Academy of Archaeology">Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Martyrs" title="Pontifical Academy of Martyrs">Martyrs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Saint_Thomas_Aquinas" title="Pontifical Academy of Saint Thomas Aquinas">Saint Thomas Aquinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_the_Immaculate_Conception" title="Pontifical Academy of the Immaculate Conception">Immaculate Conception</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Mary" title="Pontifical Academy of Mary">Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_for_Life" title="Pontifical Academy for Life">Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Social_Sciences" title="Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences">Social Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_for_Latin" title="Pontifical Academy for Latin">Latin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Rome" title="Diocese of Rome">Papal See of Rome</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Vicar General for the Vatican City State</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Vicar" title="Cardinal Vicar">Vicar General for the Vicariate of Rome</a></li> <li>Auxiliary Bishops of the Vicariate of Rome</li> <li>Prelate Secretary of the Vicariate of Rome</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Roman_Curia" title="History of the Roman Curia">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Inquisition" title="Roman Inquisition">Roman Inquisition</a> (16th century)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Immensa_Aeterni_Dei" class="mw-redirect" title="Immensa Aeterni Dei">Immensa Aeterni Dei</a></i> (1588)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_VI%27s_reform_of_the_Roman_Curia" title="Pope Paul VI's reform of the Roman Curia">Reform by Paul VI</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastor_bonus" title="Pastor bonus">Reform by John Paul II</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Praedicate_evangelium" title="Praedicate evangelium">Reform by Francis</a> (2022)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Formerdicasteries" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Former<br />dicasteries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_Borders" title="Congregation for Borders">Congregation for Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_of_Ceremonies" title="Congregation of Ceremonies">Congregation of Ceremonies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_Catholic_Education" title="Congregation for Catholic Education">Congregation for Catholic Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_Librorum_Prohibitorum" title="Index Librorum Prohibitorum">Sacred Congregation of the Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_of_the_Vatican_Press" title="Congregation of the Vatican Press">Congregation of the Vatican Press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacra_Consulta" title="Sacra Consulta">Sacred Congregation of the <i>Consulta</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_Indulgences_and_Sacred_Relics" title="Congregation for Indulgences and Sacred Relics">Congregation for Indulgences and Sacred Relics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Congregation_of_Rites" title="Sacred Congregation of Rites">Congregation of Rites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Chancery" title="Apostolic Chancery">Apostolic Chancery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Dataria" title="Apostolic Dataria">Apostolic Dataria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Papal_Charities" class="mw-redirect" title="Office of Papal Charities">Office of Papal Charities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretariate_of_Briefs_to_Princes_and_of_Latin_Letters" title="Secretariate of Briefs to Princes and of Latin Letters">Secretariate of Briefs to Princes and of Latin Letters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Administration_of_the_Holy_See" title="Special Administration of the Holy See">Special Administration of the Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_for_the_Cultural_Heritage_of_the_Church" title="Pontifical Commission for the Cultural Heritage of the Church">Pontifical Commission for the Cultural Heritage of the Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_Ecclesia_Dei" title="Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei">Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_for_Culture" title="Pontifical Council for Culture">Pontifical Council for Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_for_Promoting_the_New_Evangelization" title="Pontifical Council for Promoting the New Evangelization">New Evangelization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_for_Social_Communications" title="Pontifical Council for Social Communications">Pontifical Council for Social Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_for_the_Family" title="Pontifical Council for the Family">Pontifical Council for the Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_for_the_Laity" title="Pontifical Council for the Laity">Pontifical Council for the Laity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_Cor_Unum" title="Pontifical Council Cor Unum"><i>Cor Unum</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_for_Justice_and_Peace" title="Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace">Justice and Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_for_the_Pastoral_Care_of_Migrants_and_Itinerant_People" title="Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerant People">Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerant People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_for_the_Pastoral_Care_of_Health_Care_Workers" title="Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Health Care Workers">Pastoral Assistance to Health Care Workers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_the_Evangelization_of_Peoples" title="Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples">Evangelization of Peoples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_for_Promoting_New_Evangelization" class="mw-redirect" title="Pontifical Council for Promoting New Evangelization">New Evangelization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_for_Catholic_Education" title="Congregation for Catholic Education">Catholic Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Council_for_Culture" title="Pontifical Council for Culture">Culture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Vatican_City" title="Portal:Vatican City">Vatican City portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/16px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/24px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/32px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Catholicism">Catholicism portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Vatican_City_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#fff200"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Vatican_City_topics" title="Template:Vatican City topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Vatican_City_topics" title="Template talk:Vatican City topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Vatican_City_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Vatican City topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Vatican_City_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Vatican_City%E2%80%93related_articles" title="Index of Vatican City–related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#fff200;hlist"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Vatican_City%E2%80%93related_articles" title="Index of Vatican City–related articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Vatican_City" title="Outline of Vatican City">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Properties_of_the_Holy_See" title="Properties of the Holy See">Properties</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope</a>: <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Francis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereigns_of_Vatican_City_State" class="mw-redirect" title="List of sovereigns of Vatican City State">List of sovereigns</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicar_General_for_Vatican_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Vicar General for Vatican City">Vicar General for Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City#History" title="Vatican City">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_papacy" title="History of the papacy">History of the papacy</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Prisoner_in_the_Vatican" title="Prisoner in the Vatican">Prisoner in the Vatican</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circus_of_Nero" title="Circus of Nero">Circus of Nero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_St._Peter%27s_Basilica" title="Old St. Peter's Basilica">Old St. Peter's Basilica</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_tombs_in_Old_St._Peter%27s_Basilica" title="Papal tombs in Old St. Peter's Basilica">Papal tombs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonine_City" title="Leonine City">Leonine City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cortile_del_Belvedere" title="Cortile del Belvedere">Cortile del Belvedere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santo_Stefano_degli_Ungheresi" title="Santo Stefano degli Ungheresi">Santo Stefano degli Ungheresi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lateran_Treaty" title="Lateran Treaty">Lateran Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borgo_Nuovo_(Rome)" title="Borgo Nuovo (Rome)">Borgo Nuovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borgo_Vecchio_(Rome)" title="Borgo Vecchio (Rome)">Borgo Vecchio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piazza_Scossacavalli" title="Piazza Scossacavalli">Piazza Scossacavalli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Vatican_City" title="Geography of Vatican City">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Major_basilica" class="mw-redirect" title="Major basilica">Major basilica</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="St._Peter&#039;s_Basilica" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Basilica" title="St. Peter's Basilica">St. Peter's Basilica</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chair_of_Saint_Peter" title="Chair of Saint Peter">Chair of Saint Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Baldachin" title="St. Peter's Baldachin">St. Peter's Baldachin</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Piet%C3%A0_(Michelangelo)" title="Pietà (Michelangelo)">Pietà</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Necropolis" title="Vatican Necropolis">Vatican Necropolis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter%27s_tomb" title="Saint Peter's tomb">Saint Peter's tomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_extant_papal_tombs" title="List of extant papal tombs">Papal tombs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_the_Julii" title="Tomb of the Julii">Tomb of the Julii</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Grottoes" title="Vatican Grottoes">Vatican Grottoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monument_to_the_Royal_Stuarts" title="Monument to the Royal Stuarts">Monument to the Royal Stuarts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Palace" title="Apostolic Palace">Apostolic Palace</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Redemptoris_Mater_Chapel" title="Redemptoris Mater Chapel">Redemptoris Mater Chapel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borgia_Apartments" title="Borgia Apartments">Borgia Apartments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clementine_Hall" title="Clementine Hall">Clementine Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_apartments" title="Papal apartments">Papal apartments</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Stufetta_del_cardinal_Bibbiena" title="Stufetta del cardinal Bibbiena">Stufetta del cardinal Bibbiena</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cappella_Paolina" title="Cappella Paolina">Cappella Paolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raphael_Rooms" title="Raphael Rooms">Raphael Rooms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niccoline_Chapel" title="Niccoline Chapel">Niccoline Chapel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sala_Regia_(Vatican)" title="Sala Regia (Vatican)">Sala Regia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scala_Regia_(Vatican)" title="Scala Regia (Vatican)">Scala Regia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistine_Chapel" title="Sistine Chapel">Sistine Chapel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Judgment_(Michelangelo)" title="The Last Judgment (Michelangelo)">altarpiece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistine_Chapel_ceiling" title="Sistine Chapel ceiling">ceiling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Room_of_Tears" title="Room of Tears">Room of Tears</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Museums" title="Vatican Museums">Vatican Museums</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Historical_Museum" title="Vatican Historical Museum">Historical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinacoteca_Vaticana" class="mw-redirect" title="Pinacoteca Vaticana">Paintings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collection_of_Modern_and_Contemporary_Art,_Vatican_Museums" title="Collection of Modern and Contemporary Art, Vatican Museums">Modern and Contemporary Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Museums#Pio-Clementino_Museum" title="Vatican Museums">Pio-Clementino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Museums#Chiaramonti_Museum" title="Vatican Museums">Chiaramonti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Museums#Gregoriano_Etrusco_Museum" title="Vatican Museums">Gregoriano Etrusco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Museums#Gregoriano_Egiziano_Museum" title="Vatican Museums">Gregoriano Egiziano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_Pio_Cristiano" title="Museo Pio Cristiano">Pio Cristiano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anima_Mundi,_Vatican_City" title="Anima Mundi, Vatican City">Ethnographic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bramante_Staircase" title="Bramante Staircase">Bramante Staircase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Gallery_of_Maps" title="Vatican Gallery of Maps">Maps</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_Tower" title="Gregorian Tower">Gregorian Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casina_Pio_IV" title="Casina Pio IV">Casina Pio IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant%27Anna_dei_Palafrenieri" title="Sant'Anna dei Palafrenieri">Sant'Anna dei Palafrenieri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domus_Sanctae_Marthae" title="Domus Sanctae Marthae">Domus Sanctae Marthae</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Domus_Sanctae_Marthae" title="Domus Sanctae Marthae">Holy Spirit Chapel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gardens_of_Vatican_City" title="Gardens of Vatican City">Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Maria_della_Piet%C3%A0_in_Camposanto_dei_Teutonici" title="Santa Maria della Pietà in Camposanto dei Teutonici">Santa Maria della Pietà in Camposanto dei Teutonici</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Collegio_Teutonico" title="Collegio Teutonico">Collegio Teutonico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teutonic_Cemetery" title="Teutonic Cemetery">Teutonic Cemetery</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mater_Ecclesiae_Monastery" title="Mater Ecclesiae Monastery">Mater Ecclesiae Monastery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant%27Egidio_in_Borgo" title="Sant'Egidio in Borgo">Sant'Egidio in Borgo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santi_Martino_e_Sebastiano_degli_Svizzeri" title="Santi Martino e Sebastiano degli Svizzeri">Santi Martino e Sebastiano degli Svizzeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_VI_Audience_Hall" title="Paul VI Audience Hall">Paul VI Audience Hall</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Resurrection_(Fazzini)" title="The Resurrection (Fazzini)">The Resurrection</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passetto_di_Borgo" title="Passetto di Borgo">Passetto di Borgo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Pellegrino_in_Vaticano" title="San Pellegrino in Vaticano">San Pellegrino in Vaticano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Square" title="St. Peter's Square">St. Peter's Square</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Via_della_Conciliazione" title="Via della Conciliazione">Via della Conciliazione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fountains_of_St._Peter%27s_Square" title="Fountains of St. Peter's Square">Fountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porta_San_Pellegrino" title="Porta San Pellegrino">Porta San Pellegrino</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricciolo_d%27Italia" title="Ricciolo d'Italia">Ricciolo d'Italia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_John%27s_Tower_(Vatican_City)" title="Saint John's Tower (Vatican City)">Saint John's Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santo_Stefano_degli_Abissini" title="Santo Stefano degli Abissini">Santo Stefano degli Abissini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Pharmacy" title="Vatican Pharmacy">Vatican Pharmacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Hill" title="Vatican Hill">Vatican Hill</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Vatican_City" title="Politics of Vatican City">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_conclave" title="Papal conclave">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Holy_See" title="Foreign relations of the Holy See">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicar_General_for_Vatican_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Vicar General for Vatican City">Vicar General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Vatican_City" title="Law of Vatican City">Law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Vatican_City" title="Crime in Vatican City">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fundamental_Law_of_Vatican_City_State" title="Fundamental Law of Vatican City State">Fundamental Law</a></li></ul></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Governance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Francis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Secretary_of_State" title="Cardinal Secretary of State">Cardinal Secretary of State</a> <a href="/wiki/Pietro_Parolin" title="Pietro Parolin">Pietro Parolin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Vatican_City#Executive" title="Politics of Vatican City">Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Curia" title="Roman Curia">Roman Curia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Camera" title="Apostolic Camera">Apostolic Camera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_commission" title="Pontifical commission">Commissions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_for_Vatican_City_State" title="Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State">For Vatican City State</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_council" title="Pontifical council">Councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_(Roman_Curia)" title="Congregation (Roman Curia)">Congregations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery" title="Dicastery">Dicasteries</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Military_in_Vatican_City" title="Military in Vatican City">Military</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Corps_of_Gendarmerie_of_Vatican_City" title="Corps of Gendarmerie of Vatican City">Corps of Gendarmerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Guard" title="Swiss Guard">Swiss Guard</a></li> <li>See also: <a href="/wiki/Corps_of_Firefighters_of_the_Vatican_City_State" title="Corps of Firefighters of the Vatican City State">Corps of Firefighters</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Vatican_City" title="Economy of Vatican City">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Institute_for_the_Works_of_Religion" title="Institute for the Works of Religion">Banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_euro_coins" title="Vatican euro coins">Vatican euro coins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City#Communications" title="Vatican City">Communications</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/.va" title=".va">.va [Internet domain]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poste_Vaticane" title="Poste Vaticane">Poste Vaticane</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Postage_stamps_and_postal_history_of_Vatican_City" title="Postage stamps and postal history of Vatican City">Postage stamps and postal history</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_for_the_Economy" title="Secretariat for the Economy">Secretariat for the Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Vatican_City" title="Tourism in Vatican City">Tourism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Infrastructure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Vatican_City" title="Transport in Vatican City">Transport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City_Heliport" title="Vatican City Heliport">Heliport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Railway" title="Vatican Railway">Rail</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City#Culture" title="Vatican City">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Pontifical Academy of Sciences">Academy of Sciences</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Advanced_Technology_Telescope" title="Vatican Advanced Technology Telescope">AT telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Observatory" title="Vatican Observatory">observatory</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Vatican_City" title="Architecture of Vatican City">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_archives_in_Vatican_City" title="List of archives in Vatican City">Archives</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Apostolic_Archive" title="Vatican Apostolic Archive">Apostolic Archive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Climate_Forest" title="Vatican Climate Forest">Climate Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City#Demographics" title="Vatican City">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Vatican_City" title="Languages of Vatican City">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Library" title="Vatican Library">Library</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Film_Library" title="Vatican Film Library">film</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Vatican_City" title="Music of Vatican City">Music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sistine_Chapel_Choir" title="Sistine Chapel Choir">Sistine Chapel Choir</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philatelic_and_Numismatic_Office_of_the_Vatican_City_State" title="Philatelic and Numismatic Office of the Vatican City State">Philatelic and Numismatic Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Vatican_City" title="Public holidays in Vatican City">Public holidays</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Media" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Mass_media_in_Vatican_City" title="Category:Mass media in Vatican City">Media</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See_Press_Office" title="Holy See Press Office">Holy See Press Office</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Information_Service" title="Vatican Information Service">Vatican Information Service</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Media" title="Vatican Media">Vatican Media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_News" title="Vatican News">Vatican News</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Radio" title="Vatican Radio">Vatican Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Television_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Vatican Television Center">Vatican Television Center</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_News_App" title="Vatican News App">Vatican News App</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Publishing_House" title="Vatican Publishing House">Vatican Publishing House</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Acta_Apostolicae_Sedis" title="Acta Apostolicae Sedis">Acta Apostolicae Sedis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Annuario_Pontificio" title="Annuario Pontificio">Annuario Pontificio</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">L'Osservatore Romano</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope2you" title="Pope2you">Pope2you</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Vatican_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Vatican City">Religion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Anthem" title="Pontifical Anthem">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Vatican_City" title="Coat of arms of Vatican City">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Vatican_City" title="Flag of Vatican City">Flag</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#fff200;width:1%">Sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Amateur_Sports_Association" title="Vatican Amateur Sports Association">Amateur Sports Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City_cricket_team" title="Vatican City cricket team">Cricket team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City_national_football_team" title="Vatican City national football team">National football team</a> (Men)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City_women%27s_national_football_team" title="Vatican City women's national football team">National football team</a> (Women)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Athletics" title="Vatican Athletics">Vatican Athletics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#fff200;hlist"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282023%E2%80%93present%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Vatican_City" title="Portal:Vatican City">Vatican City portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/16px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/24px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/32px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholicism" 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href="/wiki/Lists_of_Catholics" title="Lists of Catholics">Lists of Catholics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="History of the Catholic Church">History</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Timeline of the Catholic Church">Timeline</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_history_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Ecclesiastical history of the Catholic Church">Ecclesiastical</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Legal_history_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Legal history of the Catholic Church">Legal</a></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Early_Christianity" title="Early Christianity">Early Church</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Christianity" title="Jesus in Christianity">Jesus</a> <a href="/wiki/Christ_(title)" title="Christ (title)">Christ</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Jesus" title="Ministry of Jesus">Ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">Crucifixion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Resurrection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Commission" title="Great Commission">Great Commission</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostles_in_the_New_Testament" title="Apostles in the New Testament">Apostles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_succession" title="Apostolic succession">Succession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primacy_of_Peter" title="Primacy of Peter">Petrine primacy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_Fathers" title="Church Fathers">Church fathers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Fathers" title="Apostolic Fathers">Apostolic fathers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_papacy" title="History of the papacy">History of the papacy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_papal_primacy" title="History of papal primacy">Primacy</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Great_Church" title="Great Church">Great Church</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_ante-Nicene_period" title="Christianity in the ante-Nicene period">Ante-Nicene period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great_and_Christianity" title="Constantine the Great and Christianity">Constantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_seven_ecumenical_councils" title="First seven ecumenical councils">First seven ecumenical councils</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Council_of_Nicaea" title="First Council of Nicaea">Nicaea I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Chalcedon" title="Council of Chalcedon">Chalcedon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_late_antiquity" title="Christianity in late antiquity">Late antiquity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_canon" title="Biblical canon">Biblical canon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_monasticism" title="Christian monasticism">Monasticism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="Christianity in the Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_Muslim_conquests" title="Early Muslim conquests">Islamic conquests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_I" title="Pope Gregory I">Pope Gregory I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_States" title="Papal States">Papal States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East%E2%80%93West_Schism" title="East–West Schism">Schism (1054)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Investiture_Controversy" title="Investiture Controversy">Investiture Controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">Crusades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Schism" title="Western Schism">Schism (1378)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inquisition" title="Inquisition">Inquisition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_university" title="Medieval university">Universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scholasticism" title="Scholasticism">Scholasticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_the_Age_of_Discovery" title="Catholic Church and the Age of Discovery">Age of Discovery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_the_modern_era" title="Christianity in the modern era">Modern era</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Church and Protestant">Protestantism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reformation" title="Reformation">Protestant Reformation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counter-Reformation" title="Counter-Reformation">Catholic Reformation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Trent" title="Council of Trent">Trent</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirty_Years%27_War" title="Thirty Years' War">Thirty Years' War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dechristianization_of_France_during_the_French_Revolution" title="Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution">French Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_Nazi_Germany" title="Catholic Church and Nazi Germany">Nazism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Vatican_Council" title="Second Vatican Council">Vatican II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93Soviet_Union_relations" title="Holy See–Soviet Union relations">Communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_sexual_abuse_cases" title="Catholic Church sexual abuse cases">Sexual abuse scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_Islam" title="Catholic Church and Islam">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_Catholic_Church" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Catholic Church">COVID-19 pandemic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_theology" title="Catholic theology">Theology</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Bible" title="Catholic Bible">Bible</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Catholic_tradition" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic tradition">Tradition</a><br /><i><a href="/wiki/Catechism_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Catechism of the Catholic Church">Catechism</a></i></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="General" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Christianity" title="God in Christianity">God</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trinity" title="Trinity">Trinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingship_and_kingdom_of_God" title="Kingship and kingdom of God">Kingdom</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_theology_on_the_body" title="Catholic theology on the body">Body and soul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_grace" title="Divine grace">Divine grace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogma_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Dogma in the Catholic Church">Dogma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicene_Creed" title="Nicene Creed">Nicene Creed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Original_sin" title="Original sin">Original sin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Catholic_saints" title="List of Catholic saints">Saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvation_in_Christianity" title="Salvation in Christianity">Salvation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sermon_on_the_Mount" title="Sermon on the Mount">Sermon on the Mount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ten_Commandments_in_Catholic_theology" title="Ten Commandments in Catholic theology">Ten Commandments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulgate" title="Vulgate">Vulgate</a></li> <li>Official Bible <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sixtine_Vulgate" title="Sixtine Vulgate">Sixtine Vulgate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixto-Clementine_Vulgate" title="Sixto-Clementine Vulgate">Sixto-Clementine Vulgate</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nova_Vulgata" title="Nova Vulgata">Nova Vulgata</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_worship" title="Christian worship">Worship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_ecclesiology" title="Catholic ecclesiology">Ecclesiology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Communitas_perfecta" title="Communitas perfecta">Communitas perfecta</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_ecumenical_councils" title="Catholic ecumenical councils">Councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_ecumenism" title="Catholic Church and ecumenism">Ecumenism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Marks_of_the_Church" title="Four Marks of the Church">Four marks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/One_true_church" title="One true church">One true church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholicity" title="Catholicity">Catholic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infallibility_of_the_Church" title="Infallibility of the Church">Infallibility</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mystici_Corporis_Christi" title="Mystici Corporis Christi">Mystici Corporis Christi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_of_God" title="People of God">People of God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churches_Militant,_Penitent,_and_Triumphant" title="Churches Militant, Penitent, and Triumphant">Three states</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Subsistit_in" title="Subsistit in">Subsistit in</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy,_theology,_and_fundamental_theory_of_Catholic_canon_law" title="Philosophy, theology, and fundamental theory of Catholic canon law">In canon law</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Sacraments_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Sacraments of the Catholic Church">Sacraments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baptism" title="Baptism">Baptism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confirmation_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Confirmation in the Catholic Church">Confirmation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucharist_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Eucharist in the Catholic Church">Eucharist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrament_of_Penance" title="Sacrament of Penance">Penance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anointing_of_the_Sick_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Anointing of the Sick in the Catholic Church">Anointing of the Sick</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Last_rites" title="Last rites">Last rites</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_orders_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Holy orders in the Catholic Church">Holy orders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Marriage in the Catholic Church">Matrimony</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Mariology" title="Catholic Mariology">Mariology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assumption_of_Mary" title="Assumption of Mary">Assumption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Catholic_Mariology" title="History of Catholic Mariology">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immaculate_Conception" title="Immaculate Conception">Immaculate Conception</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariology_of_the_popes" title="Mariology of the popes">Mariology of the popes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariology_of_the_saints" title="Mariology of the saints">Mariology of the saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos">Mother of God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perpetual_virginity_of_Mary" title="Perpetual virginity of Mary">Perpetual virginity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veneration_of_Mary_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Veneration of Mary in the Catholic Church">Veneration</a></li> <li>See also:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josephology" title="Josephology">Josephology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christian_philosophy" title="Christian philosophy">Philosophy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Natural_law" title="Natural law">Natural law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_moral_theology" title="Catholic moral theology">Moral theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personalism_(Catholic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Personalism (Catholic)">Personalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_social_teaching" title="Catholic social teaching">Social teaching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Catholic_philosophers_and_theologians" title="List of Catholic philosophers and theologians">Philosophers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy,_theology,_and_fundamental_theory_of_Catholic_canon_law" title="Philosophy, theology, and fundamental theory of Catholic canon law">Philosophy of canon law</a></li> <li>See also:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_the_Catholic_Church" title="Science and the Catholic Church">Science</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evolution_and_the_Catholic_Church" title="Evolution and the Catholic Church">Evolution</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state" title="Separation of church and state">Separation of church and state</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Relations_between_the_Catholic_Church_and_the_state" title="Relations between the Catholic Church and the state">Relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_politics" title="Catholic Church and politics">Politics</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Saint_(Catholic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint (Catholic)">Saints</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Family" title="Holy Family">Holy Family</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Joseph" title="Saint Joseph">Joseph</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriarch" title="Patriarch">Patriarchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prophets_of_Christianity" title="Prophets of Christianity">Prophets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archangel" title="Archangel">Archangels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_martyr" title="Christian martyr">Martyrs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_the_Church" title="Doctor of the Church">Doctors of the Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Evangelists" title="Four Evangelists">Evangelists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confessor_of_the_Faith" title="Confessor of the Faith">Confessors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disciple_(Christianity)" title="Disciple (Christianity)">Disciples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgin_(title)" title="Virgin (title)">Virgins</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Organisation<br /><small><a href="/wiki/Hierarchy_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Hierarchy of the Catholic Church">Hierarchy</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Canon_law_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Canon law of the Catholic Church">Canon law</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Catholic_laity" title="Catholic laity">Laity</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Order_of_precedence_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Order of precedence in the Catholic Church">Precedence</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_by_country" title="Catholic Church by country">By country</a></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_popes" title="List of popes">List of popes</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Pope</a> <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Francis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_ecumenical_councils" title="Catholic ecumenical councils">Ecumenical councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Cardinals" title="College of Cardinals">College</a> of <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholic_Church)" title="Cardinal (Catholic Church)">Cardinals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_living_cardinals" class="mw-redirect" title="List of living cardinals">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Cardinal_Advisers" class="mw-redirect" title="Council of Cardinal Advisers">Advisers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Curia" title="Roman Curia">Roman Curia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery" title="Dicastery">Dicasteries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synod_of_Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Synod of Bishops in the Catholic Church">Synod of Bishops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Properties_of_the_Holy_See" title="Properties of the Holy See">Properties</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Vatican_City%E2%80%93related_articles" title="Index of Vatican City–related articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Vatican_City" title="Outline of Vatican City">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Palace" title="Apostolic Palace">Apostolic Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lateran_Treaty" title="Lateran Treaty">Lateran Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Rota" title="Roman Rota">Roman Rota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Basilica" title="St. Peter's Basilica">St. Peter's Basilica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Guard" title="Swiss Guard">Swiss Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Museums" title="Vatican Museums">Vatican Museums</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_polity" title="Ecclesiastical polity">Polity</a> (<a href="/wiki/Holy_orders_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Holy orders in the Catholic Church">Holy orders</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Catholic_dioceses_(structured_view)" title="List of Catholic dioceses (structured view)">Diocese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_conference" title="Episcopal conference">Episcopal conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eparchy#Church_hierarchy" title="Eparchy">Eparchy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Bishops in the Catholic Church">Bishop</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patriarch" title="Patriarch">Patriarch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_archbishop" title="Major archbishop">Major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primate_(bishop)" title="Primate (bishop)">Primate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_bishop" title="Metropolitan bishop">Metropolitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archbishop" title="Archbishop">Archbishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocesan_bishop" title="Diocesan bishop">Diocesan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coadjutor_bishop" title="Coadjutor bishop">Coadjutor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auxiliary_bishop" title="Auxiliary bishop">Auxiliary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titular_bishop" title="Titular bishop">Titular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_emeritus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pope emeritus">Emeritus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parish_(Catholic_Church)" title="Parish (Catholic Church)">Parish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priesthood_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Priesthood in the Catholic Church">Priest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deacon" title="Deacon">Deacon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Consecrated_life" title="Consecrated life">Consecrated life</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religious_(Western_Christianity)" title="Religious (Western Christianity)">Religious</a>:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior_(hierarchy)" title="Superior (hierarchy)">Superior</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abbot" title="Abbot">Abbot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abbess" title="Abbess">Abbess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior_general_(Christianity)" title="Superior general (Christianity)">General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provincial_superior" title="Provincial superior">Provincial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prior_(ecclesiastical)" title="Prior (ecclesiastical)">Prior, Prioress</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_master_(order)" title="Grand master (order)">Grand master</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_brother" title="Religious brother">Brother</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Friar" title="Friar">Friar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monk" title="Monk">Monk</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_sister" title="Religious sister">Sister</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_nun" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic nun">Nun</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermit" title="Hermit">Hermit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novitiate" title="Novitiate">Novice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Novice_master" title="Novice master">Master</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oblate" title="Oblate">Oblate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postulant" title="Postulant">Postulant</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_particular_churches_and_liturgical_rites" title="Catholic particular churches and liturgical rites">Particular churches</a><br /><i><a href="/wiki/Sui_iuris" title="Sui iuris">sui iuris</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latin_Church" title="Latin Church">Latin Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_Churches" title="Eastern Catholic Churches">Eastern Catholic Churches</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Albanian Greek Catholic Church">Albanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Catholic_Church" title="Armenian Catholic Church">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Belarusian Greek Catholic Church">Belarusian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Bulgarian Greek Catholic Church">Bulgarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaldean_Catholic_Church" title="Chaldean Catholic Church">Chaldean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coptic_Catholic_Church" title="Coptic Catholic Church">Coptic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Catholic_Church_of_Croatia_and_Serbia" title="Greek Catholic Church of Croatia and Serbia">Croatian and Serbian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrean_Catholic_Church" title="Eritrean Catholic Church">Eritrean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Catholic_Church" title="Ethiopian Catholic Church">Ethiopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Georgia" title="Catholic Church in Georgia">Georgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Byzantine_Catholic_Church" title="Greek Byzantine Catholic Church">Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Hungarian Greek Catholic Church">Hungarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italo-Albanian_Catholic_Church" title="Italo-Albanian Catholic Church">Italo-Albanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Macedonian Greek Catholic Church">Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maronite_Church" title="Maronite Church">Maronite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melkite_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Melkite Greek Catholic Church">Melkite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Romanian Greek Catholic Church">Romanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Russian Greek Catholic Church">Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruthenian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Ruthenian Greek Catholic Church">Ruthenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Slovak Greek Catholic Church">Slovak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Catholic_Church" title="Syriac Catholic Church">Syriac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syro-Malabar_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Syro-Malabar Catholic Church">Syro-Malabar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syro-Malankara_Catholic_Church" title="Syro-Malankara Catholic Church">Syro-Malankara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Greek_Catholic_Church" title="Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church">Ukrainian</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:12em"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_liturgy" title="Catholic liturgy">Catholic liturgy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_liturgy" title="Eastern Catholic liturgy">Eastern Catholic liturgy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexandrian_liturgical_rites" title="Alexandrian liturgical rites">Alexandrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antiochene_Rite" title="Antiochene Rite">Antiochian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Rite" title="Armenian Rite">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Rite" title="Byzantine Rite">Byzantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Syriac_Rite" title="East Syriac Rite">East Syriac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Syriac_Rite" title="West Syriac Rite">West Syriac</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malankara_Rite" title="Malankara Rite">Malankara</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_liturgical_rites" title="Latin liturgical rites">Latin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambrosian_Rite" title="Ambrosian Rite">Ambrosian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rite_of_Braga" title="Rite of Braga">Braga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozarabic_Rite" title="Mozarabic Rite">Mozarabic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Rite" title="Roman Rite">Roman</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mass_of_Paul_VI" title="Mass of Paul VI">Paul VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tridentine_Mass" title="Tridentine Mass">Tridentine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Use" title="Anglican Use">Anglican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaire_Use" title="Zaire Use">Zaire</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic culture">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_art" title="Catholic art">Art</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marian_art_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Marian art in the Catholic Church">Marian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Catholic_artists" title="List of Catholic artists">Artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Catholic_writers" title="List of Catholic writers">Writers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_Catholic_church_buildings" title="Lists of Catholic church buildings">Church buildings</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altarpiece" title="Altarpiece">Altarpieces</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_Catholicism" title="Folk Catholicism">Folk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Library" title="Vatican Library">Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Museums" title="Vatican Museums">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Catholic_music" title="Category:Catholic music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_the_Holy_See" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of the Holy See">Distinctions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Role_of_Christianity_in_civilization" title="Role of Christianity in civilization">Role in civilisation</a></li> <li>See also:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Criticism of the Catholic Church">Criticism of the Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Catholicism" title="Anti-Catholicism">Anti-Catholicism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Catholic_media" title="Category:Catholic media">Media</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See_Press_Office" title="Holy See Press Office">Holy See Press Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Media" title="Vatican Media">Vatican Media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_News" title="Vatican News">Vatican News</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Television_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Vatican Television Center">Vatican Television Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Radio" title="Vatican Radio">Vatican Radio</a></li></ul></li> <li>Vatican Polyglot Press</li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">L'Osservatore Romano</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Acta_Apostolicae_Sedis" title="Acta Apostolicae Sedis">Acta Apostolicae Sedis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Annuario_Pontificio" title="Annuario Pontificio">Annuario Pontificio</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religious_order_(Catholic)" title="Religious order (Catholic)">Religious orders</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Religious_institute" title="Religious institute">institutes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Society_of_apostolic_life" title="Society of apostolic life">societies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assumptionists" title="Assumptionists">Assumptionists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Annunciation_of_the_Blessed_Virgin_Mary" title="Order of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary">Annonciades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustinians" title="Augustinians">Augustinians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Saint_Basil_the_Great" title="Order of Saint Basil the Great">Basilians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benedictines" title="Benedictines">Benedictines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethlehemites" title="Bethlehemites">Bethlehemites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Most_Holy_Annunciation" title="Order of the Most Holy Annunciation">Blue nuns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camaldolese" title="Camaldolese">Camaldoleses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camillians" title="Camillians">Camillians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carmelites" title="Carmelites">Carmelites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carthusians" title="Carthusians">Carthusians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cistercians" title="Cistercians">Cistercians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poor_Clares" title="Poor Clares">Clarisses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conceptionists" title="Conceptionists">Conceptionists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canons_Regular_of_the_Order_of_the_Holy_Cross" title="Canons Regular of the Order of the Holy Cross">Crosiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Order" title="Dominican Order">Dominicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franciscans" title="Franciscans">Franciscans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congregation_of_Our_Lady_of_Charity_of_the_Good_Shepherd" title="Congregation of Our Lady of Charity of the Good Shepherd">Good Shepherd Sisters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hieronymites" title="Hieronymites">Hieronymites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesuits" title="Jesuits">Jesuits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legionaries_of_Christ" title="Legionaries of Christ">Legionaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Blessed_Virgin_Mary_of_Mercy" title="Order of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mercy">Mercedarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Minims" title="Order of Minims">Minims</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olivetans" title="Olivetans">Olivetans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oratory_of_Saint_Philip_Neri" title="Oratory of Saint Philip Neri">Oratorians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piarists" title="Piarists">Piarists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premonstratensians" title="Premonstratensians">Premonstratensians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redemptoristines" title="Redemptoristines">Redemptoristines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Servite_Order" title="Servite Order">Servites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatines" title="Theatines">Theatines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trappists" title="Trappists">Trappists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinitarians" title="Trinitarians">Trinitarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Visitation_of_Holy_Mary" title="Order of the Visitation of Holy Mary">Visitandines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Association_of_the_Christian_faithful" title="Association of the Christian faithful">Associations<br />of the faithful</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Confraternity" title="Confraternity">Confraternities</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_lay_organisations" title="Catholic lay organisations">Lay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Marian_movements_and_societies" title="Catholic Marian movements and societies">Marian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_youth_work" title="Catholic youth work">Youth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Movement_of_Christian_Workers" title="World Movement of Christian Workers">Workers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_order" title="Third order">Third orders</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Third_Order_of_Saint_Dominic" title="Third Order of Saint Dominic">Saint Dominic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lay_Carmelites" title="Lay Carmelites">Lay Carmelites</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Secular_Order_of_Discalced_Carmelites" title="Secular Order of Discalced Carmelites">Discalced</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Order_of_Saint_Francis" title="Third Order of Saint Francis">Saint Francis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Secular_Franciscan_Order" title="Secular Franciscan Order">Secular</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_order_(religious_society)#International" title="Military order (religious society)">Military orders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fimcap" title="Fimcap">Fimcap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Action" title="Catholic Action">Catholic Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Charismatic_Renewal" title="Catholic Charismatic Renewal">Charismatic Renewal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communion_and_Liberation" title="Communion and Liberation">Communion and Liberation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Sant%27Egidio" title="Community of Sant'Egidio">Sant'Egidio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focolare_Movement" title="Focolare Movement">Focolare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Alliance_of_Catholic_Knights" title="International Alliance of Catholic Knights">International Alliance of Catholic Knights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Catholic_Conference_of_Scouting" title="International Catholic Conference of Scouting">Scouting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legion_of_Mary" title="Legion of Mary">Legion of Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neocatechumenal_Way" title="Neocatechumenal Way">Neocatechumenal Way</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opus_Dei" title="Opus Dei">Opus Dei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schoenstatt_Apostolic_Movement" title="Schoenstatt Apostolic Movement">Schoenstatt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_charities" title="Catholic charities">Charities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aid_to_the_Church_in_Need" title="Aid to the Church in Need">Aid to the Church in Need</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caritas_Internationalis" title="Caritas Internationalis">Caritas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Charities_USA" title="Catholic Charities USA">Catholic Charities USA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Home_Missions" title="Catholic Home Missions">Home Missions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Relief_Services" title="Catholic Relief Services">Relief Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CIDSE" title="CIDSE">CIDSE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pax_Christi" title="Pax Christi">Pax Christi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Saint_Vincent_de_Paul" title="Society of Saint Vincent de Paul">Society of Saint Vincent de Paul</a><br /></li> <li>See also:</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_and_health_care" title="Catholic Church and health care">Health care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_school" title="Catholic school">Schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_higher_education" title="Catholic higher education">Universities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><div> 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