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<li id="toc-Early_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Early relations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taiwan_under_Japanese_rule" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taiwan_under_Japanese_rule"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Taiwan under Japanese rule</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taiwan_under_Japanese_rule-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Modern era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Japan–Republic_of_China_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Japan–Republic_of_China_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1</span> <span>Japan–Republic of China relations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Japan–Republic_of_China_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Student_dormitory_case" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Student_dormitory_case"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.2</span> <span>Student dormitory case</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Student_dormitory_case-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Joint_Communiqué,_1972" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Joint_Communiqué,_1972"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.3</span> <span>Joint Communiqué, 1972</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Joint_Communiqué,_1972-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Japan–China_Joint_Declaration,_1998" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Japan–China_Joint_Declaration,_1998"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.4</span> <span>Japan–China Joint Declaration, 1998</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Japan–China_Joint_Declaration,_1998-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recent_initiatives,_2005–present" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recent_initiatives,_2005–present"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.5</span> <span>Recent initiatives, 2005–present</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recent_initiatives,_2005–present-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Territory_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Territory_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Territory issues</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Territory_issues-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Territory issues subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Territory_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fisheries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fisheries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Fisheries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fisheries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Response_to_the_2011_Tōhoku_earthquake" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Response_to_the_2011_Tōhoku_earthquake"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Response to the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Response_to_the_2011_Tōhoku_earthquake-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-COVID-19_vaccines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#COVID-19_vaccines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>COVID-19 vaccines</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-COVID-19_vaccines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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Available in 13 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-13" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">13 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="العلاقات اليابانية التايوانية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="العلاقات اليابانية التايوانية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95" title="জাপান-তাইওয়ান সম্পর্ক – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জাপান-তাইওয়ান সম্পর্ক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanisch-taiwanische_Beziehungen" title="Japanisch-taiwanische Beziehungen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Japanisch-taiwanische Beziehungen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relaciones_Jap%C3%B3n-Rep%C3%BAblica_de_China" title="Relaciones Japón-República de China – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Relaciones Japón-República de China" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relations_entre_le_Japon_et_Ta%C3%AFwan" title="Relations entre le Japon et Taïwan – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Relations entre le Japon et Taïwan" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EB%A7%8C-%EC%9D%BC%EB%B3%B8_%EA%B4%80%EA%B3%84" title="대만-일본 관계 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="대만-일본 관계" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubungan_Jepang_dengan_Taiwan" title="Hubungan Jepang dengan Taiwan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Hubungan Jepang dengan Taiwan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relazioni_bilaterali_tra_Giappone_e_Taiwan" title="Relazioni bilaterali tra Giappone e Taiwan – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Relazioni bilaterali tra Giappone e Taiwan" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%97%D7%A1%D7%99_%D7%98%D7%90%D7%99%D7%95%D7%95%D7%90%D7%9F%E2%80%93%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%9F" title="יחסי טאיוואן–יפן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יחסי טאיוואן–יפן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E5%8F%B0%E9%96%A2%E4%BF%82%E5%8F%B2" title="日台関係史 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="日台関係史" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D1%8F%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Тайваньско-японские отношения – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тайваньско-японские отношения" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quan_h%E1%BB%87_Nh%E1%BA%ADt_B%E1%BA%A3n_%E2%80%93_%C4%90%C3%A0i_Loan" title="Quan hệ Nhật Bản – Đài Loan – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quan hệ Nhật Bản – Đài Loan" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E8%88%87%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E9%97%9C%E4%BF%82%E5%8F%B2" title="臺灣與日本關係史 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="臺灣與日本關係史" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div 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screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse;"><caption class="infobox-title">Japanese–Taiwanese relations</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Japan_Taiwan_Locator.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Map indicating locations of Japan and Taiwan"><img alt="Map indicating locations of Japan and Taiwan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Japan_Taiwan_Locator.png/250px-Japan_Taiwan_Locator.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="276" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Japan_Taiwan_Locator.png 1.5x" data-file-width="310" data-file-height="342" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey"></th></tr><tr style="height:0.6em"> <td style="background:#339933;"></td> <td style="background:#E08020;"></td> </tr><tr> <th scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/68px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/90px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></th> <th scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/68px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/90px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a></th> </tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey">Diplomatic mission</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Taiwan_Exchange_Association" title="Japan–Taiwan Exchange Association">Japan–Taiwan Exchange Association</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;"><a href="/wiki/Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Representative_Office_in_Japan" title="Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office in Japan">Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office in Japan</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E5%B2%A9%E6%89%8B%E7%B8%A3%E8%88%87%E7%B8%A3%E5%BB%B3%E7%9B%9B%E5%B2%A1%E5%B8%82%E8%AC%9D%E8%AC%9D%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E6%8D%90%E5%8A%A92011.3.11%E6%9D%B1%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%A4%A7%E9%9C%87%E7%81%BD_Government_of_the_Iwate_Prefecture_Thanks_Taiwan_for_the_Helps_after_the_2011_Tsunami_%26_Earthquake.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/%E5%B2%A9%E6%89%8B%E7%B8%A3%E8%88%87%E7%B8%A3%E5%BB%B3%E7%9B%9B%E5%B2%A1%E5%B8%82%E8%AC%9D%E8%AC%9D%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E6%8D%90%E5%8A%A92011.3.11%E6%9D%B1%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%A4%A7%E9%9C%87%E7%81%BD_Government_of_the_Iwate_Prefecture_Thanks_Taiwan_for_the_Helps_after_the_2011_Tsunami_%26_Earthquake.jpg/250px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/%E5%B2%A9%E6%89%8B%E7%B8%A3%E8%88%87%E7%B8%A3%E5%BB%B3%E7%9B%9B%E5%B2%A1%E5%B8%82%E8%AC%9D%E8%AC%9D%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E6%8D%90%E5%8A%A92011.3.11%E6%9D%B1%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%A4%A7%E9%9C%87%E7%81%BD_Government_of_the_Iwate_Prefecture_Thanks_Taiwan_for_the_Helps_after_the_2011_Tsunami_%26_Earthquake.jpg/375px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/%E5%B2%A9%E6%89%8B%E7%B8%A3%E8%88%87%E7%B8%A3%E5%BB%B3%E7%9B%9B%E5%B2%A1%E5%B8%82%E8%AC%9D%E8%AC%9D%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E6%8D%90%E5%8A%A92011.3.11%E6%9D%B1%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%A4%A7%E9%9C%87%E7%81%BD_Government_of_the_Iwate_Prefecture_Thanks_Taiwan_for_the_Helps_after_the_2011_Tsunami_%26_Earthquake.jpg/500px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1643" /></a><figcaption>Members from the Iwate prefectural government thank Taiwan after the 2011 earthquakes</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1%E6%9C%883%E6%97%A5(%E6%97%A5)%E3%81%AF%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%AC%E3%82%BF%E3%83%AF%E3%83%BC%E3%82%92%E5%8F%B0%E6%B9%BE%E8%89%B2%E3%81%AB%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%88%E3%82%A2%E3%83%83%E3%83%97_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/1%E6%9C%883%E6%97%A5%28%E6%97%A5%29%E3%81%AF%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%AC%E3%82%BF%E3%83%AF%E3%83%BC%E3%82%92%E5%8F%B0%E6%B9%BE%E8%89%B2%E3%81%AB%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%88%E3%82%A2%E3%83%83%E3%83%97_2.jpg/220px-1%E6%9C%883%E6%97%A5%28%E6%97%A5%29%E3%81%AF%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%AC%E3%82%BF%E3%83%AF%E3%83%BC%E3%82%92%E5%8F%B0%E6%B9%BE%E8%89%B2%E3%81%AB%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%88%E3%82%A2%E3%83%83%E3%83%97_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/1%E6%9C%883%E6%97%A5%28%E6%97%A5%29%E3%81%AF%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%AC%E3%82%BF%E3%83%AF%E3%83%BC%E3%82%92%E5%8F%B0%E6%B9%BE%E8%89%B2%E3%81%AB%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%88%E3%82%A2%E3%83%83%E3%83%97_2.jpg/330px-1%E6%9C%883%E6%97%A5%28%E6%97%A5%29%E3%81%AF%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%AC%E3%82%BF%E3%83%AF%E3%83%BC%E3%82%92%E5%8F%B0%E6%B9%BE%E8%89%B2%E3%81%AB%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%88%E3%82%A2%E3%83%83%E3%83%97_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/1%E6%9C%883%E6%97%A5%28%E6%97%A5%29%E3%81%AF%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%AC%E3%82%BF%E3%83%AF%E3%83%BC%E3%82%92%E5%8F%B0%E6%B9%BE%E8%89%B2%E3%81%AB%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%88%E3%82%A2%E3%83%83%E3%83%97_2.jpg/440px-1%E6%9C%883%E6%97%A5%28%E6%97%A5%29%E3%81%AF%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%AC%E3%82%BF%E3%83%AF%E3%83%BC%E3%82%92%E5%8F%B0%E6%B9%BE%E8%89%B2%E3%81%AB%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%88%E3%82%A2%E3%83%83%E3%83%97_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="4032" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Tower" title="Tokyo Tower">Tokyo Tower</a> lit up with Taiwan's national colors, to celebrate the friendship between Japan and Taiwan</figcaption></figure> <p>The complex relationship between Japan and Taiwan dates back to 1592 during the <a href="/wiki/Sengoku_period" title="Sengoku period">Sengoku period</a> of Japan when the Japanese ruler <a href="/wiki/Toyotomi_Hideyoshi" title="Toyotomi Hideyoshi">Toyotomi Hideyoshi</a> sent an envoy named Harada Magoshichirou to the Takasago Koku (<a href="/wiki/Japanese_language" title="Japanese language">Japanese</a>: <span lang="ja">高砂国</span>, contemporary name referred to Taiwan).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The bilateral trading relations continued through the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Formosa" title="Dutch Formosa">Dutch colonial rule</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Tungning_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Tungning Kingdom">Tungning Kingdom</a> of Taiwan in 17th century before the completion of Japan's <a href="/wiki/Sakoku" title="Sakoku">Sakoku</a> policy. After the <a href="/wiki/Meiji_restoration" class="mw-redirect" title="Meiji restoration">Meiji restoration</a> in latter half of the 19th century, Japan resumed its expansionist ambition upon Taiwan and <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_under_Japanese_rule" title="Taiwan under Japanese rule">successfully annexed Taiwan</a> from 1895 to 1945, until the <a href="/wiki/Surrender_of_Japan" title="Surrender of Japan">surrender of Japan</a> after <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. Taiwan was also surrendered by Japan to the <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Republic of China</a> on 25 October 1945. </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93China_Joint_Communiqu%C3%A9" title="Japan–China Joint Communiqué">Japan–China Joint Communiqué</a> in 1972, Japan no longer recognizes the <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Republic of China</a> as the sole official government of China, and official diplomatic relations between the two countries were ceased. However, Japan has maintained non-governmental, working-level relations with Taiwan.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_relations">Early relations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Tungning" title="Kingdom of Tungning">Kingdom of Tungning</a> and <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_under_Qing_rule" title="Taiwan under Qing rule">Taiwan under Qing rule</a></div> <p>In the 1600s, there was considerable trade between Japan and Taiwan. The Dutch <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Formosa" title="Dutch Formosa">colonized Taiwan</a> as a base for trade with Japan in 1624. </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Tungning" title="Kingdom of Tungning">Kingdom of Tungning</a> era (1662–83), <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> bought <a href="/wiki/Deerskin" class="mw-redirect" title="Deerskin">deerskin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sugar" title="Sugar">sugar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Silk" title="Silk">silk</a> from Taiwan and sold <a href="/wiki/Precious_metal" title="Precious metal">precious metal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Porcelain" title="Porcelain">porcelain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armors" class="mw-redirect" title="Armors">armors</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cotton_cloth" class="mw-redirect" title="Cotton cloth">cotton cloth</a>. Japanese money could be used in Taiwan during that period and Japanese merchants were permitted to live in <a href="/wiki/Keelung" title="Keelung">Keelung</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-鄭日_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-鄭日-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1874, <a href="/wiki/Japanese_invasion_of_Taiwan_(1874)" title="Japanese invasion of Taiwan (1874)">Japanese troops invaded</a> southern Taiwan to attack aboriginal tribes, in revenge for the killing of 54 Ryukyuan sailors in 1871. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Taiwan_under_Japanese_rule">Taiwan under Japanese rule</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Taiwan under Japanese rule"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_under_Japanese_rule" title="Taiwan under Japanese rule">Taiwan under Japanese rule</a></div> <p>Japan's victory over <a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing dynasty</a> in the <a href="/wiki/First_Sino-Japanese_War" title="First Sino-Japanese War">First Sino-Japanese War</a> resulted in the 1895 <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Shimonoseki" title="Treaty of Shimonoseki">Treaty of Shimonoseki</a>, in which Taiwan was ceded to Japan. Taiwan was then ruled by the <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Empire of Japan</a> until 1945. The Japanese Imperial Army defeated the native aborigine rebels in the <a href="/wiki/Tapani_incident" title="Tapani incident">Tapani incident</a> of 1915 and the <a href="/wiki/Musha_Incident" title="Musha Incident">Musha Incident</a> of 1930. </p><p>During that time, Taiwan was Japan's first <a href="/wiki/Colony" title="Colony">colony</a> and can be viewed as the first step in implementing their "<a href="/wiki/Nanshin-ron" title="Nanshin-ron">Southern Expansion Doctrine</a>" of the late 19th century. Japanese intentions were to turn Taiwan into a showpiece "model colony" with much effort made to improve the island's economy, <a href="/wiki/Public_works" title="Public works">public works</a>, <a href="/wiki/Industrial_sector" class="mw-redirect" title="Industrial sector">industry</a>, cultural <a href="/wiki/Japanization" title="Japanization">Japanization</a>, and to support the necessities of Japanese military aggression in the <a href="/wiki/Asia-Pacific" class="mw-redirect" title="Asia-Pacific">Asia-Pacific</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Instrument_of_Surrender" title="Japanese Instrument of Surrender">Japan's surrender</a> at the end of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, Taiwan was placed under the governance of the <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Republic of China</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_era">Modern era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Modern era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Taiwan_(1945%E2%80%93present)" title="History of Taiwan (1945–present)">History of Taiwan (1945–present)</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Japan–Republic_of_China_relations"><span id="Japan.E2.80.93Republic_of_China_relations"></span>Japan–Republic of China relations</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Japan–Republic of China relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="China–Japan relations">China–Japan relations</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tong_Tai_Plaza_20190901.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Tong_Tai_Plaza_20190901.jpg/170px-Tong_Tai_Plaza_20190901.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Tong_Tai_Plaza_20190901.jpg/256px-Tong_Tai_Plaza_20190901.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Tong_Tai_Plaza_20190901.jpg/340px-Tong_Tai_Plaza_20190901.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Taiwan_Exchange_Association" title="Japan–Taiwan Exchange Association">Japan–Taiwan Exchange Association</a> in <a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei">Taipei</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Representative_Office_in_Japan_20080801.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Representative_Office_in_Japan_20080801.jpg/220px-Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Representative_Office_in_Japan_20080801.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Representative_Office_in_Japan_20080801.jpg/330px-Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Representative_Office_in_Japan_20080801.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Representative_Office_in_Japan_20080801.jpg/440px-Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Representative_Office_in_Japan_20080801.jpg 2x" data-file-width="614" data-file-height="461" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Taipei_Economic_and_Cultural_Representative_Office_in_Japan" title="Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office in Japan">Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a></figcaption></figure> <p>After the war between Republic of China and Japan, during the <a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_Japan" title="Occupation of Japan">occupation of Japan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Japan" title="Prime Minister of Japan">Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Yoshida" title="Shigeru Yoshida">Shigeru Yoshida</a> (officially the last prime minister under the <a href="/wiki/Royal_decree" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal decree">royal decree</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Emperor_of_Japan" title="Emperor of Japan">Japanese emperor</a>), intended to approach the newly established <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">People's Republic of China</a> <a href="/wiki/Economically" class="mw-redirect" title="Economically">economically</a> and <a href="/wiki/Diplomacy" title="Diplomacy">diplomatically</a>. However, the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">US</a> rectified this <a href="/wiki/Popular_initiative" title="Popular initiative">initiative</a> and threatened to <a href="/wiki/Boycott" title="Boycott">boycott</a> the 1951 <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_San_Francisco" title="Treaty of San Francisco">Treaty of San Francisco</a> if Japan did not engage with <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Republic of China (Taiwan)</a> and the later formation of the <a href="/wiki/Sino-Japanese_Peace_Treaty" class="mw-redirect" title="Sino-Japanese Peace Treaty">Sino-Japanese Peace Treaty</a> (a parallel treaty to the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_San_Francisco" title="Treaty of San Francisco">Treaty of San Francisco</a> between Japan and the two Chinas that were excluded). The US required Japan to accept diplomatic relations with the Republic of China; otherwise, <a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">sovereignty</a> to the country would not be restored, effectively maintaining <a href="/wiki/War" title="War">war</a> with the US and keeping it under US <a href="/wiki/Military_occupation" title="Military occupation">military occupation</a>. </p><p>By taking everything into consideration, in the midst of the US creating its <a href="/wiki/Containment_policy" class="mw-redirect" title="Containment policy">containment policy</a> in <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a>, Prime Minister Yoshida shifted his stance with regard to the US administration (to then-US <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Foster_Dulles" title="John Foster Dulles">John Foster Dulles</a>), as detailed in the Yoshida Letter,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to negotiate a <a href="/wiki/Peace_treaty" title="Peace treaty">peace treaty</a> with Taipei instead. Also as a result of <a href="/wiki/Ratification" title="Ratification">ratification</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_San_Francisco" title="Treaty of San Francisco">Treaty of San Francisco</a> by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">US Congress</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senate</a>, he officially ended Japan's status as an <a href="/wiki/Imperial_power" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial power">imperial power</a>, officially relinquishing of <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">the island of Taiwan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pescadores" class="mw-redirect" title="Pescadores">Pescadores</a>. These actions were drafted into <a href="/wiki/Article_9_of_the_Japanese_Constitution" title="Article 9 of the Japanese Constitution">Article 9</a> of the new liberal democratic <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese Constitution">Japanese Constitution</a> which dismantled the country's <a href="/wiki/Military_capabilities" class="mw-redirect" title="Military capabilities">military capabilities</a> to <a href="/wiki/Declare_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Declare war">declare war</a> on another country with the reservation of <a href="/wiki/Self-defense" title="Self-defense">self-defense</a> limitations and later stipulated the <a href="/wiki/Security_Treaty_Between_the_United_States_and_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Security Treaty Between the United States and Japan">Security Treaty Between the United States and Japan</a>, which was also passed and enacted by the majority members of the <a href="/wiki/Diet_of_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Diet of Japan">new Japanese Diet</a> with subsequent <a href="/wiki/Security" title="Security">security</a> <a href="/wiki/Treaty" title="Treaty">treaties</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Postwar_Japan" title="Postwar Japan">post-war</a> era. </p><p>With the eruption of the <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a> and US and UN intervention in that war, diplomatic relations between the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Japan" title="Government of Japan">governments of Japan</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Government of the Republic of China">goverment of Republic of China</a> were established following the termination of US occupation of Japan in 1952. Japan led the <a href="/wiki/Military_logistics" title="Military logistics">logistics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Artillery" title="Artillery">artillery</a> <a href="/wiki/Production_(economics)" title="Production (economics)">production</a>/<a href="/wiki/Manufacturing" title="Manufacturing">manufacturing</a> industry to support the US in the Korean War, which acted as the major <a href="/wiki/Stimulus_(economic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Stimulus (economic)">stimulus</a> for the revival of <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Japan" title="Economy of Japan">its economy</a>, especially in <a href="/wiki/Heavy_industry" title="Heavy industry">heavy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Light_industry" title="Light industry">light industry</a>, soon evident in the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_post-war_economic_miracle" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese post-war economic miracle">Japanese post-war economic miracle</a>. On April 28, 1952, a formal <a href="/wiki/Peace_treaty" title="Peace treaty">peace treaty</a> was concluded between Japan and what Republic of China. In Article 10 of the <a href="/wiki/Sino-Japanese_Peace_Treaty" class="mw-redirect" title="Sino-Japanese Peace Treaty">Sino-Japanese Peace Treaty</a> that retrospects:<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (November 2013)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>for the purposes of the present Treaty, <a href="/wiki/Citizen" class="mw-redirect" title="Citizen">nationals</a> of the Republic of China shall be deemed to include all the <a href="/wiki/Residency_(domicile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Residency (domicile)">inhabitants</a> and former inhabitants of (<a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Taiwan" title="Geography of Taiwan">Taiwan (Formosa)</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Penghu" title="Penghu">Penghu (the Pescadores)</a> and their descendants who are of <a href="/wiki/Nationality_Law_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Nationality Law of the People's Republic of China">Chinese nationality</a> in accordance with the <a href="/wiki/Law" title="Law">laws</a> and <a href="/wiki/Regulation" title="Regulation">regulations</a> which have been or may hereafter be enforced by the Republic of China in Taiwan (Formosa) and Penghu (the Pescadores); and juridical persons of the Republic of China shall be deemed to include all those registered under the laws and regulations which have been or may hereafter be enforced by the Republic of China in Taiwan (Formosa) and Penghu (the Pescadores).</p></blockquote> <p>Bilaterally, Japan had, and still has from members of the <a href="/wiki/Japan_Business_Federation" title="Japan Business Federation">Japan Business Federation</a>, strong trading ties with Taiwan. Japan played a key <a href="/wiki/Finance" title="Finance">financial</a> role of governmental <a href="/wiki/Loan" title="Loan">loans</a> to the ROC government to help with the burgeoning country's economic development on various levels before the <a href="/wiki/Nixon_Shock" class="mw-redirect" title="Nixon Shock">Nixon Shock</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the severing of ties between the two governments. </p><p>In 1958, the <a href="/wiki/Sino-Ryukyuan_Economic_and_Cultural_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Sino-Ryukyuan Economic and Cultural Association">Sino-Ryukyuan Economic and Cultural Association</a> was established at <a href="/wiki/Naha" title="Naha">Naha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Okinawa_Island" title="Okinawa Island">Okinawa</a>, which was the strategic headquarters of the US Armed Forces in the region. In 1972, Okinawa was returned to Japan by the U.S., but the association remained as an institution to foster relations, dialogue and academic exchange between Japan, Okinawa and Taiwan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Student_dormitory_case">Student dormitory case</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Student dormitory case"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Guang Hua Liao (Kokaryo) case involved the ownership of a dormitory that the ROC purchased in 1952 to house students, yet the PRC controlled and operated since the 1960s. The ROC, seeking to take control of the dormitory, asked the students to sign a lease contract, and when the ROC received no response, it filed a lawsuit as "the State of China" in Kyoto District Court in 1967, seeking removal of the students living in the dormitory.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1977, 10 years after the ROC filed its original lawsuit, the Kyoto District Court gave a verdict: The dormitory belonged to the PRC. The case was appealed in 1982 to the Osaka High Court, which ordered the Kyoto District Court to reconsider its ruling. The Kyoto court did, and in February 1986 the decision was reversed and the dormitory was returned, in name, to the ROC. The Osaka High Court found in favor of Taiwan because of "incomplete succession of government" in the case of “the State of China.” In 2007, the Japanese Supreme Court quashed the decision. The Supreme Court held that Japan's recognition of Beijing in 1972 rendered the ROC's representation on behalf of "the State of China" invalid.<sup id="cite_ref-Annex_5_2007_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Annex_5_2007-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Notably, the Japanese decision carefully focused on a narrow ground of standing as “the State of China,” which Japan recognizes as the PRC. It did not foreclose the possibility of refiling the case as the Republic of China.<sup id="cite_ref-Annex_5_2007_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Annex_5_2007-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Joint_Communiqué,_1972"><span id="Joint_Communiqu.C3.A9.2C_1972"></span>Joint Communiqué, 1972</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Joint Communiqué, 1972"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Joint_Communiqu%C3%A9_of_the_Government_of_Japan_and_the_Government_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint Communiqué of the Government of Japan and the Government of the People's Republic of China">Joint Communiqué of the Government of Japan and the Government of the People's Republic of China</a> and <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_and_the_United_Nations" title="Taiwan and the United Nations">Taiwan and the United Nations</a></div> <p>Regarding the "<a href="/wiki/One-China_policy" class="mw-redirect" title="One-China policy">One-China policy</a>", Japan had been an earnest ally to Taiwan, but global politics pushed Japan to overturn its position. As the attempt to belligerently recover <a href="/wiki/Mainland_China" title="Mainland China">mainland China</a> failed and faded and the Republic of China government was expelled, voted out of UN in a General Assembly vote, by majority <a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_United_Nations" title="Member states of the United Nations">UN member states</a> via <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_2758" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2758">United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2758</a> (Japan voted against ominous UNGA Resolution 2758), soon after US President <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a>'s <a href="/wiki/1972_Nixon_visit_to_China" class="mw-redirect" title="1972 Nixon visit to China">visit to People's Republic of China</a> in 1972<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the release of the "<a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Communiqu%C3%A9" title="Shanghai Communiqué">Joint Communiqué of the United States of America and the People's Republic of China</a>," Japan's <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Japan)" title="Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)">Liberal Democratic Party</a>-majority government led by <a href="/wiki/Kakuei_Tanaka" title="Kakuei Tanaka">Kakuei Tanaka</a> decided to establish formal diplomatic relations with the PRC. Before this, Japan had already had robust <a href="/wiki/Non-governmental" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-governmental">non-governmental</a> trading relations with the PRC without formal <a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_recognition" title="Diplomatic recognition">diplomatic recognition</a>. According to <i>The New York Times</i>, about one month before Japanese Prime Minister Tanaka travelled to Beijing, Japanese business representatives assured Taiwanese business associates and employees in Taipei that economic relations between Japan and Taiwan would be maintained.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As a pre-condition for building ties with the PRC, Japan abrogated and made defunct the <a href="/wiki/Sino-Japanese_Peace_Treaty" class="mw-redirect" title="Sino-Japanese Peace Treaty">Sino-Japanese Peace Treaty</a> in relation to the Republic of China. According to the "1972 Japan–China Joint Communiqué", the Japanese government fully understood and respected the position of the government of the PRC that Taiwan was an inalienable <a href="/wiki/Territory_(country_subdivision)" class="mw-redirect" title="Territory (country subdivision)">territory</a> of the PRC, and it firmly maintained its stance under Article 8 of the <a href="/wiki/Potsdam_Declaration" title="Potsdam Declaration">Potsdam Declaration</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which stated "The terms of the <a href="/wiki/1943_Cairo_Declaration" title="1943 Cairo Declaration">Cairo Declaration</a> shall be carried out and Japanese sovereignty shall be limited to the islands of <a href="/wiki/Honsh%C5%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Honshū">Honshū</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hokkaid%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Hokkaidō">Hokkaidō</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%ABsh%C5%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyūshū">Kyūshū</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shikoku" title="Shikoku">Shikoku</a> and such minor islands as we determine." </p><p>Statements and principles set in the <a href="/wiki/Joint_Communiqu%C3%A9_of_the_Government_of_Japan_and_the_Government_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint Communiqué of the Government of Japan and the Government of the People's Republic of China">Joint Communiqué</a> of 1972 were written in the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Peace_and_Friendship_between_Japan_and_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Peace and Friendship between Japan and the People's Republic of China">Treaty of Peace and Friendship between Japan and the People's Republic of China</a> in 1978. Japan and the PRC agreed to continue abiding by the treaty when former Prime Minister of Japan <a href="/wiki/Shinzo_Abe" title="Shinzo Abe">Shinzo Abe</a> visited <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a> on October 8, 2006. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Japan–China_Joint_Declaration,_1998"><span id="Japan.E2.80.93China_Joint_Declaration.2C_1998"></span>Japan–China Joint Declaration, 1998</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Japan–China Joint Declaration, 1998"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1998, Japan and the PRC signed the <a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93China_Joint_Declaration_on_Building_a_Partnership_of_Friendship_and_Cooperation_for_Peace_and_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="Japan–China Joint Declaration on Building a Partnership of Friendship and Cooperation for Peace and Development">Japan–China Joint Declaration on Building a Partnership of Friendship and Cooperation for Peace and Development</a> that stated that Japan was to continue to side with the PRC on the "One-China policy", that it "continues to maintain its stand on the Taiwan issue as set forth in the Joint Communiqué of the Government of Japan and the Government of the People's Republic of China and reiterates its understanding that there is only one China." Japan reiterated it will maintain its exchanges with Taiwan, however in a private and <a href="/wiki/Regional" class="mw-redirect" title="Regional">regional</a> forms. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Recent_initiatives,_2005–present"><span id="Recent_initiatives.2C_2005.E2.80.93present"></span>Recent initiatives, 2005–present</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Recent initiatives, 2005–present"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2016%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%8820%E6%97%A5%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%B0%B1%E8%81%B7_10.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/2016%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%8820%E6%97%A5%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%B0%B1%E8%81%B7_10.jpg/220px-2016%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%8820%E6%97%A5%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%B0%B1%E8%81%B7_10.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/2016%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%8820%E6%97%A5%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%B0%B1%E8%81%B7_10.jpg/330px-2016%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%8820%E6%97%A5%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%B0%B1%E8%81%B7_10.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/2016%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%8820%E6%97%A5%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%B0%B1%E8%81%B7_10.jpg/440px-2016%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%8820%E6%97%A5%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1%E5%B0%B1%E8%81%B7_10.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4404" data-file-height="2936" /></a><figcaption>Member of the House of Representative of Japan <a href="/wiki/Keiji_Furuya" title="Keiji Furuya">Keiji Furuya</a> and President <a href="/wiki/Tsai_Ing-wen" title="Tsai Ing-wen">Tsai Ing-wen</a> in Taiwan on May 20, 2016.</figcaption></figure> <p>Japan grants <a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_passport" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwanese passport">Taiwanese passport</a> holders <a href="/w/index.php?title=Visa_exemption&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Visa exemption (page does not exist)">visa exemption</a> for 90 days.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This rule became effective on September 20, 2005, in line with a move aimed at attracting more <a href="/wiki/Tourists" class="mw-redirect" title="Tourists">tourists</a> to Japan. <a href="/wiki/Jiro_Akama" title="Jiro Akama">Jiro Akama</a>, Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs and Communication was the highest ranking <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_(government)" title="Cabinet (government)">cabinet</a> official since 1972 to visit Taiwan on March 25 to celebrate the tourist event and promote Japanese regional revitalization,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> amid with the ban of Japanese agricultural exports to Taiwanese public.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the press conference on January 31, 2006, Deputy Press Secretary <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tomohiko_Taniguchi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tomohiko Taniguchi (page does not exist)">Tomohiko Taniguchi</a> announced that, in a speech a year earlier, Minister of Foreign Affairs <a href="/wiki/Tar%C5%8D_As%C5%8D" title="Tarō Asō">Tarō Asō</a> had expressed concern regarding peace and stability across the <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Strait" title="Taiwan Strait">Taiwan Strait</a> on the basis of the 1972 Japan–PRC Joint Communiqué. The announcement reiterated the Japanese government's position "that we do not take a <a href="/wiki/Policy" title="Policy">policy</a> of <a href="/wiki/Two_Chinas" title="Two Chinas">two Chinas</a> or <a href="/wiki/One-China_policy" class="mw-redirect" title="One-China policy">one China</a> and one Taiwan." </p><p>In 2020 Japan received donations of equipment and supplies as part of Taiwan's <a href="/wiki/Medical_diplomacy" title="Medical diplomacy">medical diplomacy</a> in response to the COVID-19 epidemic. More than 2 million face masks were delivered in mid April 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Taiwan_pineapples_sold_out_despite_being_much_more_expensive,_they_are_delicious_though.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Taiwan_pineapples_sold_out_despite_being_much_more_expensive%2C_they_are_delicious_though.jpg/220px-Taiwan_pineapples_sold_out_despite_being_much_more_expensive%2C_they_are_delicious_though.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Taiwan_pineapples_sold_out_despite_being_much_more_expensive%2C_they_are_delicious_though.jpg/330px-Taiwan_pineapples_sold_out_despite_being_much_more_expensive%2C_they_are_delicious_though.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Taiwan_pineapples_sold_out_despite_being_much_more_expensive%2C_they_are_delicious_though.jpg/440px-Taiwan_pineapples_sold_out_despite_being_much_more_expensive%2C_they_are_delicious_though.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>Taiwanese pineapples sold out in Tokyo despite being 240% the price of a regular pineapple</figcaption></figure> <p>As the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China">People's Republic of China</a> <a href="/wiki/Freedom_pineapples" title="Freedom pineapples">banned Taiwanese pineapples</a>, the Japanese diplomatic missions in Taipei expressed support for Taiwanese pineapple consumption,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Taiwanese pineapples became a hot commodity in Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Japan has been drawing closer to Taiwan as a result of their concerns over Beijing's economic and military power. In 2021 Japan's annual military <a href="/wiki/White_paper" title="White paper">white paper</a> explicitly mentioned Taiwan for the first time.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2021, Taiwan donated 10000 <a href="/wiki/Pulse_oximetry" title="Pulse oximetry">pulse oximeters</a> and 1008 <a href="/wiki/Oxygen_concentrator" title="Oxygen concentrator">oxygen concentrators</a> to Japan<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Japan Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Yoshihide_Suga" title="Yoshihide Suga">Yoshihide Suga</a> thanked Taiwan for the medical equipment, including a "<i>Thank you Taiwan</i>" written in <a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">traditional Chinese characters</a>, and adding that Japan and Taiwan have cultivated their friendship by helping each other in times of natural disasters and pandemics.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On July 12, 2022, Taiwanese Vice President <a href="/wiki/Lai_Ching-te" title="Lai Ching-te">Lai Ching-te</a> attended the funeral of <a href="/wiki/Shinzo_Abe" title="Shinzo Abe">Shinzo Abe</a> at <a href="/wiki/Z%C5%8Dj%C5%8D-ji" title="Zōjō-ji">Zōjō-ji</a> temple.<sup id="cite_ref-ft_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ft-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lai was instructed by President Tsai Ing-wen to make a visit as a special envoy.<sup id="cite_ref-ft_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ft-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Territory_issues">Territory issues</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Territory issues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The ROC is a claimant to a group of East China Sea islands (it calls these the Diaoyutai Islands) which are disputed with Japan (which calls them the Senkaku Islands) and the PRC (which calls them the Diaoyu Islands).<sup id="cite_ref-:Wang_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:Wang-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Pages: 258–259">: 258–259 </span></sup> The United States proposal in 1971 to transfer the islands to Japan prompted the development of the <a href="/wiki/Baodiao_movement" title="Baodiao movement">Baodiao movement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:Cheng2_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:Cheng2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 52">: 52 </span></sup> This movement began among students from Taiwan and Hong Kong studying in the United States, and then spread to Taiwan (and also Hong Kong, then under British rule).<sup id="cite_ref-:Cheng2_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:Cheng2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 52">: 52 </span></sup> Protests directly related to the Baodiao movement ended in 1972.<sup id="cite_ref-:Cheng2_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:Cheng2-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 52">: 52 </span></sup> </p><p>On 29 September 1990, Japanese media reported that the Japanese Maritime Safety Agency was preparing to recognize (as an official navigation mark) a lighthouse that a right-wing Japanese group built on the main island of the disputed island group.<sup id="cite_ref-:Wang_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:Wang-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 258">: 258 </span></sup> The Taiwan government protested immediately following the reports.<sup id="cite_ref-:Wang_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:Wang-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 258">: 258 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fisheries">Fisheries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Fisheries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Japan insists, on the basis of <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Convention_on_the_Law_of_the_Sea" title="United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea">United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that Japan is privileged on the fishery demarcation to the southern tip of its surrounding <a href="/wiki/Territorial_waters" title="Territorial waters">territorial waters</a>, whereas Taiwan asserts that it participates as a fishing entity in the <a href="/wiki/Regional_Fisheries_Management_Organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Regional Fisheries Management Organisation">Regional Fisheries Management Organisation</a> on the basis of United Nations Fish Stocks Agreement, such as the admission of <a href="/wiki/IATTC" class="mw-redirect" title="IATTC">IATTC</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that also applies on the issue of fishery demarcation with Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were sixteen fishery conferences in total between the two stakeholders, <a href="/wiki/Interchange_Association,_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Interchange Association, Japan">Interchange Association, Japan</a><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Association_of_East_Asian_Relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Association of East Asian Relations">Association of East Asian Relations</a> of Taiwan,<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on fishery demarcation from 1996 to 2009, and the dispute of <a href="/wiki/Exclusive_economic_zone" title="Exclusive economic zone">exclusive economic zone</a> between Japan<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Taiwan <sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is still not resolved pertaining to future negotiations between the two sides.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite this dispute, the two sides reached a fisheries resource management agreement on April 10, 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Response_to_the_2011_Tōhoku_earthquake"><span id="Response_to_the_2011_T.C5.8Dhoku_earthquake"></span>Response to the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Response to the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A few days after Japan was struck by the <a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dhoku_earthquake" class="mw-redirect" title="Tōhoku earthquake">Tōhoku earthquake</a> in March 2011, the Taiwanese government pledged to donate 100 million NTD to assist Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many Taiwanese citizens and news media also followed suit and urged people to donate to Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By May 2012, Taiwan had donated up to 6.6 billion NTD from the government and private donations combined.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By March 2013, donations had reached US$260.64 million, which is the highest amount from any nation despite only having 23 million people.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At this time, it is known that 90 percent of the amount came from private donations.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Such number of donations have been the result of Japan's aid to Taiwan when a powerful earthquake hit Taiwan on September 21, 1999, sending a 145-person rescue team and donating US$37 million in aid of the catastrophe.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Taiwan's donations assisted <a href="/wiki/Fukushima_(city)" title="Fukushima (city)">Fukushima</a> in performing several vital reconstructions, which include rebuilding schools and hospitals.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_55-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Despite Taiwan being the nation that donated the most money to Japan in response to the earthquake, the government did not publicly thank Taiwan along with other nations. The Japanese government placed ads in multiple nations to show gratitude of the donations, but not Taiwan. This prompted Japanese citizens to thank Taiwan individually. Japanese designer <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maiko_Kissaka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maiko Kissaka (page does not exist)">Maiko Kissaka</a> started a fundraiser on April 19, 2020, in an attempt to place <a href="/wiki/Advertisement" class="mw-redirect" title="Advertisement">ads</a> on two newspapers to show gratitude to the Taiwanese people for donations.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This started a series of attempts from individuals and organizations to thank Taiwan for the donations across the next few years.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A notable organization named <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arigatou_Taiwan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arigatou Taiwan (page does not exist)">Arigatou Taiwan</a> was created for the sole purpose of thanking Taiwan and planned to hold an event each year starting on 2012, and managed to include several earthquake survivors at the event in 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2018, local governments which were affected by the earthquake started fundraisers to show gratitude for Taiwan's help in 2011. </p><p>The Japanese government did not hold any public activities to thank Taiwan at the first few years after the earthquake, and wrote a letter in private to the Taiwanese government to express gratitude instead.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, starting in 2014, the government started holding events publicly in Taiwan to express gratitude, starting from the governments of six prefectures in Japan collaborated for a four-day event in Taipei, Taiwan, aimed to repay the generosity during Japan's earthquake.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the 5th anniversary event of the 2011 earthquake in Taiwan, the Japan's Representative to Taiwan described Taiwan as a "true friend" and further stated "With the gratitude for the generosity of our friends in Taiwan, we vow to try our best to strengthen the relationship between Japan and Taiwan."<sup id="cite_ref-:3_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Japan also stated that its donations of US$1.2 million to Taiwan due to a powerful earthquake hitting southern Taiwan is an attempt to repay Taiwan's generosity a few years ago.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_65-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2019, the 8th anniversary of the earthquake was held, in which the Japan's Representative to Taiwan stated that "There was already a special bond between Japan and Taiwan before the disaster" and that "The northeastern Japan earthquake made [Japan] see it more clearly." These statements contradict what was suggested from Taiwanese newspapers which stated that the donations Taiwan contributed was a turning point between the relations of the two nations.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, it is undeniable that Taiwan and Japan's relations have strengthened a lot due to the exchanges after the catastrophe, both on a governmental and private level. </p><p>Due to the closer relations Japan and Taiwan has after the catastrophic event, tourism bloomed between both nations. Japanese tourism to Taiwan rose by 19.9 percent in 2011, which comes with an increase of nearly 50 percent exchange revenue due to this change.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="COVID-19_vaccines">COVID-19 vaccines</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: COVID-19 vaccines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the context of the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, Japan sent 1.24 million doses of vaccine to Taiwan for free on June 4, 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This prompted a wave of gratitude from Taiwanese people,<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the PRC condemned Japan's move.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was followed by 5 other shipments over 2021, totaling 4.2 million doses, with the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs saying it is an expression of warm friendship and good will.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Taipei_Japanese_School_building.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Taipei_Japanese_School_building.JPG/220px-Taipei_Japanese_School_building.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Taipei_Japanese_School_building.JPG/330px-Taipei_Japanese_School_building.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Taipei_Japanese_School_building.JPG/440px-Taipei_Japanese_School_building.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Taipei_Japanese_School" title="Taipei Japanese School">Taipei Japanese School</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Overseas Chinese schools, like those in many other countries, are administratively and financially supported by the Taiwan (R.O.C.) government's <a href="/wiki/Overseas_Community_Affairs_Council" title="Overseas Community Affairs Council">Overseas Community Affairs Council</a>. In Japan, before 2003,<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Overseas Chinese School graduates did not qualify for Japanese college entrance exam. The future task lies on the legalization of the Overseas Chinese School by the Japanese Government and international educational agency accreditation (such as <a href="/wiki/International_Baccalaureate" title="International Baccalaureate">International Baccalaureate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_International_Examinations" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambridge International Examinations">Cambridge International Examinations</a> and Advanced Placement accreditation <sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), or similar international recognition of Taiwan's education, for qualifying the legal international status of Overseas Chinese School in Japan. Those supported by the ROC are: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Chinese_School" title="Tokyo Chinese School">Tokyo Chinese School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokohama_Overseas_Chinese_School" title="Yokohama Overseas Chinese School">Yokohama Overseas Chinese School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osaka_Chinese_School" title="Osaka Chinese School">Osaka Chinese School</a></li></ul> <p>Japan operates three <i><a href="/wiki/Nihonjin_gakk%C5%8D" title="Nihonjin gakkō">nihonjin gakkō</a></i> (overseas Japanese schools operated by a Japanese association) on the island of Taiwan: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taipei_Japanese_School" title="Taipei Japanese School">Taipei Japanese School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taichung_Japanese_School" title="Taichung Japanese School">Taichung Japanese School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaohsiung_Japanese_School" title="Kaohsiung Japanese School">Kaohsiung Japanese School</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On April 21, 2010, Taiwan established the Taipei Cultural Center in <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>, Japan and was subsequently renamed <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Cultural_Center_(Tokyo)" title="Taiwan Cultural Center (Tokyo)">Taiwan Cultural Center</a>. On November 27, 2017, Japan established the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Cultural_Center_(Taipei)" title="Japanese Cultural Center (Taipei)">Japanese Cultural Center</a> in <a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei">Taipei</a>, Taiwan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Taiwan" title="Portal:Taiwan">Taiwan portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/32px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/48px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/64px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" 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class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAtsushi2020" class="citation web cs1">Atsushi, Kawai (21 April 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nippon.com/en/japan-topics/b06906/">"Toyotomi Hideyoshi's Japan: Taking Control of the State"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Toyotomi+Hideyoshi%E2%80%99s+Japan%3A+Taking+Control+of+the+State&rft.date=2020-04-21&rft.aulast=Atsushi&rft.aufirst=Kawai&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nippon.com%2Fen%2Fjapan-topics%2Fb06906%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Taiwan+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMavropoulos2018" class="citation journal cs1">Mavropoulos, Nikolaos (October 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.athensjournals.gr/history/2018-4-4-4-Mavropoulos.pdf">"The First Japanese effort to colonize Taiwan and the Chinese Reaction"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <b>4</b>: 307–328<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+First+Japanese+effort+to+colonize+Taiwan+and+the+Chinese+Reaction&rft.volume=4&rft.pages=307-328&rft.date=2018-10&rft.aulast=Mavropoulos&rft.aufirst=Nikolaos&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.athensjournals.gr%2Fhistory%2F2018-4-4-4-Mavropoulos.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Taiwan+relations" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mofa.go.jp/region/asia-paci/taiwan/pdfs/japan-taiwan_relations.pdf">"Recent Japan-Taiwan Relations and the Taiwan Situation"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>First and Second China and Mongolia Divisions, Asian and Oceanian Affairs Bureau, Ministry of Foreign Affairs</i>. July 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=First+and+Second+China+and+Mongolia+Divisions%2C+Asian+and+Oceanian+Affairs+Bureau%2C+Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs&rft.atitle=Recent+Japan-Taiwan+Relations+and+the+Taiwan+Situation&rft.date=2013-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mofa.go.jp%2Fregion%2Fasia-paci%2Ftaiwan%2Fpdfs%2Fjapan-taiwan_relations.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Taiwan+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《台灣史101問》，頁109</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-鄭日-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-鄭日_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《臺灣政治史》，頁62-63</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130629045533/http://taiwanpedia.culture.tw/web/content?ID=1225">"鄭氏時期總論"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://taiwanpedia.culture.tw/web/content?ID=1225">the original</a> on June 29, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 30,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E9%84%AD%E6%B0%8F%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F%E7%B8%BD%E8%AB%96&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftaiwanpedia.culture.tw%2Fweb%2Fcontent%3FID%3D1225&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Taiwan+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPastreich2003" class="citation journal cs1">Pastreich, Emanuel (July 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180414035710/http://www.historia-actual.org/Publicaciones/index.php/haol/article/view/96">"Sovereignty, Wealth, Culture, and Technology: Mainland China and Taiwan Grapple with the Parameters of "Nation State" in the 21st Century"</a>. Program in Arms Control, Disarmament, and International Security, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/859917872">859917872</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://historia-actual.org/Publicaciones/index.php/haol/article/view/96">the original</a> on 2018-04-14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-12-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Sovereignty%2C+Wealth%2C+Culture%2C+and+Technology%3A+Mainland+China+and+Taiwan+Grapple+with+the+Parameters+of+%22Nation+State%22+in+the+21st+Century&rft.date=2003-07&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F859917872&rft.aulast=Pastreich&rft.aufirst=Emanuel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhistoria-actual.org%2FPublicaciones%2Findex.php%2Fhaol%2Farticle%2Fview%2F96&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Taiwan+relations" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> See Toshio Watanabe, <i>The Meiji Japanese Who Made Modern Taiwan</i> (2022) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=59527">online book review</a>,</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cohen, J p. 50-56, Iriye, A. 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After Kyoto Dorm Ruling” By Brian Covert, Japan Times, Osaka, Japan, February 26, 1988. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://inochi-life.net/archives_sino-japanese_ties.html">https://inochi-life.net/archives_sino-japanese_ties.html</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Annex_5_2007-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Annex_5_2007_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Annex_5_2007_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Annex 5: Supreme Court of Japan Judgment (March 27, 2007), reprinted in 25 Chinese (Taiwan) YB Int'l L. 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Archived from <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.facebook.com/mofa.gov.tw/posts/1150431778814796">the original</a></span> on April 27, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Facebook&rft.atitle=%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4%E9%83%A8+Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs%2C+ROC%EF%BC%88Taiwan%EF%BC%89+on+Facebook&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Fmofa.gov.tw%2Fposts%2F1150431778814796&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Taiwan+relations" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources#User-generated_content" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources"><span title="This reference citation appears to be to a user-generated source. (March 2022)">user-generated source</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFsugawitter2021" class="citation web cs1">@sugawitter (September 16, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/sugawitter/status/1438480999663353858">"台湾の皆さまへ台湾から日本への酸素濃縮器と血中酸素濃度計の供与に心から御礼申し上げます。日本と台湾は自然災害や感染症の脅威に向き合うたび、人道的見地から互いに助け合うことで友情を育んできました。台湾から頂く機材は、これらを必要…"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>) – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E5%8F%B0%E6%B9%BE%E3%81%AE%E7%9A%86%E3%81%95%E3%81%BE%E3%81%B8%E5%8F%B0%E6%B9%BE%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E3%81%B8%E3%81%AE%E9%85%B8%E7%B4%A0%E6%BF%83%E7%B8%AE%E5%99%A8%E3%81%A8%E8%A1%80%E4%B8%AD%E9%85%B8%E7%B4%A0%E6%BF%83%E5%BA%A6%E8%A8%88%E3%81%AE%E4%BE%9B%E4%B8%8E%E3%81%AB%E5%BF%83%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E5%BE%A1%E7%A4%BC%E7%94%B3%E3%81%97%E4%B8%8A%E3%81%92%E3%81%BE%E3%81%99%E3%80%82%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E3%81%A8%E5%8F%B0%E6%B9%BE%E3%81%AF%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E7%81%BD%E5%AE%B3%E3%82%84%E6%84%9F%E6%9F%93%E7%97%87%E3%81%AE%E8%84%85%E5%A8%81%E3%81%AB%E5%90%91%E3%81%8D%E5%90%88%E3%81%86%E3%81%9F%E3%81%B3%E3%80%81%E4%BA%BA%E9%81%93%E7%9A%84%E8%A6%8B%E5%9C%B0%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E4%BA%92%E3%81%84%E3%81%AB%E5%8A%A9%E3%81%91%E5%90%88%E3%81%86%E3%81%93%E3%81%A8%E3%81%A7%E5%8F%8B%E6%83%85%E3%82%92%E8%82%B2%E3%82%93%E3%81%A7%E3%81%8D%E3%81%BE%E3%81%97%E3%81%9F%E3%80%82%E5%8F%B0%E6%B9%BE%E3%81%8B%E3%82%89%E9%A0%82%E3%81%8F%E6%A9%9F%E6%9D%90%E3%81%AF%E3%80%81%E3%81%93%E3%82%8C%E3%82%89%E3%82%92%E5%BF%85%E8%A6%81%E2%80%A6&rft.date=2021-09-16&rft.au=sugawitter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2Fsugawitter%2Fstatus%2F1438480999663353858&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Taiwan+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210917125222/https://news.yahoo.co.jp/articles/b9f82f303f872e2196acdb0cae8373d0f2d96d8b">"菅義偉首相、酸素濃縮器など寄贈の台湾へ感謝のツイート…「謝謝台湾！」（スポーツ報知） - Yahoo!ニュース"</a>. <i>news.yahoo.co.jp</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.yahoo.co.jp/articles/b9f82f303f872e2196acdb0cae8373d0f2d96d8b">the original</a> on September 17, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=news.yahoo.co.jp&rft.atitle=%E8%8F%85%E7%BE%A9%E5%81%89%E9%A6%96%E7%9B%B8%E3%80%81%E9%85%B8%E7%B4%A0%E6%BF%83%E7%B8%AE%E5%99%A8%E3%81%AA%E3%81%A9%E5%AF%84%E8%B4%88%E3%81%AE%E5%8F%B0%E6%B9%BE%E3%81%B8%E6%84%9F%E8%AC%9D%E3%81%AE%E3%83%84%E3%82%A4%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E2%80%A6%E3%80%8C%E8%AC%9D%E8%AC%9D%E5%8F%B0%E6%B9%BE%EF%BC%81%E3%80%8D%EF%BC%88%E3%82%B9%E3%83%9D%E3%83%BC%E3%83%84%E5%A0%B1%E7%9F%A5%EF%BC%89+-+Yahoo%21%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.yahoo.co.jp%2Farticles%2Fb9f82f303f872e2196acdb0cae8373d0f2d96d8b&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Taiwan+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ft-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ft_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ft_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYang_Ming-chu_and_Teng_Pei-ju2022" class="citation web cs1">Yang Ming-chu and Teng Pei-ju (July 7, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220715003147/https://focustaiwan.tw/politics/202207120013">"Taiwan's vice president attends funeral of ex-Japan leader Shinzo Abe"</a>. <i>Focus Taiwan</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://focustaiwan.tw/politics/202207120013">the original</a> on July 15, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Focus+Taiwan&rft.atitle=Taiwan%27s+vice+president+attends+funeral+of+ex-Japan+leader+Shinzo+Abe&rft.date=2022-07-07&rft.au=Yang+Ming-chu+and+Teng+Pei-ju&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffocustaiwan.tw%2Fpolitics%2F202207120013&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Taiwan+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:Wang-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:Wang_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:Wang_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:Wang_30-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWang2024" class="citation book cs1">Wang, Frances Yaping (2024). <i>The Art of State Persuasion: China's Strategic Use of Media in Interstate Disputes</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Foso%2F9780197757505.001.0001">10.1093/oso/9780197757505.001.0001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780197757512" title="Special:BookSources/9780197757512"><bdi>9780197757512</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Art+of+State+Persuasion%3A+China%27s+Strategic+Use+of+Media+in+Interstate+Disputes&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2024&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Foso%2F9780197757505.001.0001&rft.isbn=9780197757512&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Frances+Yaping&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Taiwan+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:Cheng2-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:Cheng2_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:Cheng2_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:Cheng2_31-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCheng2023" class="citation book cs1">Cheng, Wendy (2023). <i>Island X: Taiwanese Student Migrants, Campus Spies, and Cold War Activism</i>. Seattle, WA: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Washington_Press" title="University of Washington Press">University of Washington Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780295752051" title="Special:BookSources/9780295752051"><bdi>9780295752051</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/jj.11786279">jj.11786279</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Island+X%3A+Taiwanese+Student+Migrants%2C+Campus+Spies%2C+and+Cold+War+Activism&rft.place=Seattle%2C+WA&rft.pub=University+of+Washington+Press&rft.date=2023&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Fjj.11786279%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.isbn=9780295752051&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Wendy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Taiwan+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/Depts/los/convention_agreements/texts/unclos/unclos_e.pdf">Unclos+Annexes+Res.+Agreement</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iattc.org/PDFFiles/C-98-09%20Taiwan%20resolution%20Oct%2098.pdf">"Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Iattc.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 8,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Inter-American+Tropical+Tuna+Commission&rft.pub=Iattc.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iattc.org%2FPDFFiles%2FC-98-09%2520Taiwan%2520resolution%2520Oct%252098.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Taiwan+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/Depts/los/convention_agreements/convention_overview_fish_stocks.htm">"Overview - Convention & Related Agreements"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 3,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Overview+-+Convention+%26+Related+Agreements&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2FDepts%2Flos%2Fconvention_agreements%2Fconvention_overview_fish_stocks.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Taiwan+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130524214120/http://www.mofa.gov.tw/Organizations/Organizations/Organizations/?opno=f532b3dc-a60c-4104-a232-a35249f1426e">"中華民國外交部 - 全球資訊網 Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of China (Taiwan)"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mofa.gov.tw/Organizations/Organizations/Organizations/?opno=f532b3dc-a60c-4104-a232-a35249f1426e">the original</a> on May 24, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 3,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4%E9%83%A8+-+%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E7%B6%B2+Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs%2C+Republic+of+China+%28Taiwan%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mofa.gov.tw%2FOrganizations%2FOrganizations%2FOrganizations%2F%3Fopno%3Df532b3dc-a60c-4104-a232-a35249f1426e&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Taiwan+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160403165955/http://www.koryu.or.jp/taipei-tw/ez3_contents.nsf/Top">"交流協會臺北事務所 (中文)"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.koryu.or.jp/taipei-tw/ez3_contents.nsf/Top">the original</a> on April 3, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 3,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E5%8D%94%E6%9C%83+%E8%87%BA%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%8B%E5%8B%99%E6%89%80+%28%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.koryu.or.jp%2Ftaipei-tw%2Fez3_contents.nsf%2FTop&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Taiwan+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131206191626/http://www.mofa.gov.tw/EnOfficial/Organization/DepartmentDetail/F510B84F-5E22-4FD5-B911-9D34141456B4">"中華民國外交部 - 全球資訊網 Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of China (Taiwan)"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mofa.gov.tw/EnOfficial/Organization/DepartmentDetail/F510B84F-5E22-4FD5-B911-9D34141456B4">the original</a> on December 6, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 3,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4%E9%83%A8+-+%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E7%B6%B2+Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs%2C+Republic+of+China+%28Taiwan%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mofa.gov.tw%2FEnOfficial%2FOrganization%2FDepartmentDetail%2FF510B84F-5E22-4FD5-B911-9D34141456B4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Taiwan+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131021085107/http://www.npm.gov.tw/exh100/diplomatic/page_ch05.html">"百年傳承走出活路─中華民國外交史料特展_走出活路"</a>. August 9, 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.npm.gov.tw/exh100/diplomatic/page_ch05.html">the original</a> on October 21, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved on August 16, 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShih2011" class="citation news cs1">Shih, Hsiu-chuan (March 13, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=WORLDNEWS&t=continent%3AAsia%21Asia&sort=YMD_date%3AD&page=17&maxresults=20&f=advanced&val-base-0=Taiwan&fld-base-0=alltext&bln-base-1=and&val-base-1=Earthquake&fld-base-1=Lead&bln-base-2=and&val-base-2=Tsunami&fld-base-2=Lead&bln-base-3=and&val-base-3=Japan&fld-base-3=Lead&bln-base-4=and&val-base-4=after%202010&fld-base-4=YMD_date&docref=news/16F5C55EEF735AA8">"Taiwan offers NT$100m in aid, calls for public help"</a>. <i>Taipei Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 2,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Taipei+Times&rft.atitle=JAPAN+DISASTER%3A+Taiwanese+post+many+messages+of+support&rft.date=2011-03-16&rft.au=Staff+Writer%2C+with+CNA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finfoweb.newsbank.com%2Fapps%2Fnews%2Fdocument-view%3Fp%3DWORLDNEWS%26t%3Dcontinent%253AAsia%2521Asia%26sort%3DYMD_date%253AD%26page%3D15%26maxresults%3D20%26f%3Dadvanced%26val-base-0%3DTaiwan%26fld-base-0%3Dalltext%26bln-base-1%3Dand%26val-base-1%3DEarthquake%26fld-base-1%3DLead%26bln-base-2%3Dand%26val-base-2%3DTsunami%26fld-base-2%3DLead%26bln-base-3%3Dand%26val-base-3%3DJapan%26fld-base-3%3DLead%26bln-base-4%3Dand%26val-base-4%3Dafter%25202010%26fld-base-4%3DYMD_date%26docref%3Dnews%2F16F6D3AFE76BE758&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Taiwan+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNat2011" class="citation news cs1">Nat, Bellocchi (March 18, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=WORLDNEWS&t=continent%3AAsia%21Asia&sort=YMD_date%3AD&page=15&maxresults=20&f=advanced&val-base-0=Taiwan&fld-base-0=alltext&bln-base-1=and&val-base-1=Earthquake&fld-base-1=Lead&bln-base-2=and&val-base-2=Tsunami&fld-base-2=Lead&bln-base-3=and&val-base-3=Japan&fld-base-3=Lead&bln-base-4=and&val-base-4=after%202010&fld-base-4=YMD_date&docref=news/16F673D974F90900">"How we can be a good neighbor to the Japanese"</a>. <i>Taipei Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 2,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Taipei+Times&rft.atitle=How+we+can+be+a+good+neighbor+to+the+Japanese&rft.date=2011-03-18&rft.aulast=Nat&rft.aufirst=Bellocchi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finfoweb.newsbank.com%2Fapps%2Fnews%2Fdocument-view%3Fp%3DWORLDNEWS%26t%3Dcontinent%253AAsia%2521Asia%26sort%3DYMD_date%253AD%26page%3D15%26maxresults%3D20%26f%3Dadvanced%26val-base-0%3DTaiwan%26fld-base-0%3Dalltext%26bln-base-1%3Dand%26val-base-1%3DEarthquake%26fld-base-1%3DLead%26bln-base-2%3Dand%26val-base-2%3DTsunami%26fld-base-2%3DLead%26bln-base-3%3Dand%26val-base-3%3DJapan%26fld-base-3%3DLead%26bln-base-4%3Dand%26val-base-4%3Dafter%25202010%26fld-base-4%3DYMD_date%26docref%3Dnews%2F16F673D974F90900&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Taiwan+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_54-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_54-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStaff_writer,_with_CNA2012" class="citation news cs1">Staff writer, with CNA (May 13, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=WORLDNEWS&t=continent%3AAsia%21Asia&sort=YMD_date%3AD&page=4&maxresults=20&f=advanced&val-base-0=Taiwan&fld-base-0=alltext&bln-base-1=and&val-base-1=Earthquake&fld-base-1=Lead&bln-base-2=and&val-base-2=Tsunami&fld-base-2=Lead&bln-base-3=and&val-base-3=Japan&fld-base-3=Lead&bln-base-4=and&val-base-4=after%202010&fld-base-4=YMD_date&docref=news/16F6D356127D5278">"Japanese cyclist rides round Taiwan to say 'thank you'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Taiwan News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 2,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Taiwan+News&rft.atitle=Japanese+cyclist+rides+round+Taiwan+to+say+%27thank+you%27&rft.date=2012-05-13&rft.au=Staff+writer%2C+with+CNA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finfoweb.newsbank.com%2Fapps%2Fnews%2Fdocument-view%3Fp%3DWORLDNEWS%26t%3Dcontinent%253AAsia%2521Asia%26sort%3DYMD_date%253AD%26page%3D4%26maxresults%3D20%26f%3Dadvanced%26val-base-0%3DTaiwan%26fld-base-0%3Dalltext%26bln-base-1%3Dand%26val-base-1%3DEarthquake%26fld-base-1%3DLead%26bln-base-2%3Dand%26val-base-2%3DTsunami%26fld-base-2%3DLead%26bln-base-3%3Dand%26val-base-3%3DJapan%26fld-base-3%3DLead%26bln-base-4%3Dand%26val-base-4%3Dafter%25202010%26fld-base-4%3DYMD_date%26docref%3Dnews%2F16F6D356127D5278&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Taiwan+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_55-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_55-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_55-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=WORLDNEWS&t=continent%3AAsia%21Asia&sort=YMD_date%3AD&page=2&maxresults=20&f=advanced&val-base-0=Taiwan&fld-base-0=alltext&bln-base-1=and&val-base-1=Earthquake&fld-base-1=Lead&bln-base-2=and&val-base-2=Tsunami&fld-base-2=Lead&bln-base-3=and&val-base-3=Japan&fld-base-3=Lead&bln-base-4=and&val-base-4=after%202010&fld-base-4=YMD_date&docref=news/16F6C68BECB557D0">"Japanese school opens with Taiwanese help"</a>. <i>Taiwan News</i>. March 23, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 2,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Taiwan+News&rft.atitle=Japanese+school+opens+with+Taiwanese+help&rft.date=2013-03-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finfoweb.newsbank.com%2Fapps%2Fnews%2Fdocument-view%3Fp%3DWORLDNEWS%26t%3Dcontinent%253AAsia%2521Asia%26sort%3DYMD_date%253AD%26page%3D2%26maxresults%3D20%26f%3Dadvanced%26val-base-0%3DTaiwan%26fld-base-0%3Dalltext%26bln-base-1%3Dand%26val-base-1%3DEarthquake%26fld-base-1%3DLead%26bln-base-2%3Dand%26val-base-2%3DTsunami%26fld-base-2%3DLead%26bln-base-3%3Dand%26val-base-3%3DJapan%26fld-base-3%3DLead%26bln-base-4%3Dand%26val-base-4%3Dafter%25202010%26fld-base-4%3DYMD_date%26docref%3Dnews%2F16F6C68BECB557D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Taiwan+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2011/04/17/2003500974">"Taiwan gives most in world to Japan"</a>. <i>Taipei Times</i>. April 17, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 2,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Taipei+Times&rft.atitle=Taiwan+gives+most+in+world+to+Japan&rft.date=2011-04-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.taipeitimes.com%2FNews%2Ftaiwan%2Farchives%2F2011%2F04%2F17%2F2003500974&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Taiwan+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=WORLDNEWS&t=continent%3AAsia%21Asia&sort=YMD_date%3AD&maxresults=20&f=advanced&val-base-0=Taiwan&fld-base-0=alltext&bln-base-1=and&val-base-1=Earthquake&fld-base-1=Lead&bln-base-2=and&val-base-2=Tsunami&fld-base-2=Lead&bln-base-3=and&val-base-3=Japan&fld-base-3=Lead&bln-base-4=and&val-base-4=after%202010&fld-base-4=YMD_date&docref=news/16A05FDCCBAD51A0">"UPDATE1: Japan towns hit by 2011 quake launch fundraising for Taiwan"</a>. <i>Kyodo News International, Inc</i>. February 11, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 2,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kyodo+News+International%2C+Inc.&rft.atitle=UPDATE1%3A+Japan+towns+hit+by+2011+quake+launch+fundraising+for+Taiwan&rft.date=2018-02-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finfoweb.newsbank.com%2Fapps%2Fnews%2Fdocument-view%3Fp%3DWORLDNEWS%26t%3Dcontinent%253AAsia%2521Asia%26sort%3DYMD_date%253AD%26maxresults%3D20%26f%3Dadvanced%26val-base-0%3DTaiwan%26fld-base-0%3Dalltext%26bln-base-1%3Dand%26val-base-1%3DEarthquake%26fld-base-1%3DLead%26bln-base-2%3Dand%26val-base-2%3DTsunami%26fld-base-2%3DLead%26bln-base-3%3Dand%26val-base-3%3DJapan%26fld-base-3%3DLead%26bln-base-4%3Dand%26val-base-4%3Dafter%25202010%26fld-base-4%3DYMD_date%26docref%3Dnews%2F16A05FDCCBAD51A0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Taiwan+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_58-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_58-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=WORLDNEWS&t=continent%3AAsia%21Asia&sort=YMD_date%3AD&page=10&maxresults=20&f=advanced&val-base-0=Taiwan&fld-base-0=alltext&bln-base-1=and&val-base-1=Earthquake&fld-base-1=Lead&bln-base-2=and&val-base-2=Tsunami&fld-base-2=Lead&bln-base-3=and&val-base-3=Japan&fld-base-3=Lead&bln-base-4=and&val-base-4=after%202010&fld-base-4=YMD_date&docref=news/1370A039AD6F68A0">"Japanese thank Taiwan for generosity in newspaper ads"</a>. <i>Kyodo News International, Inc</i>. May 3, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 2,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kyodo+News+International%2C+Inc.&rft.atitle=Japanese+thank+Taiwan+for+generosity+in+newspaper+ads&rft.date=2011-05-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finfoweb.newsbank.com%2Fapps%2Fnews%2Fdocument-view%3Fp%3DWORLDNEWS%26t%3Dcontinent%253AAsia%2521Asia%26sort%3DYMD_date%253AD%26page%3D10%26maxresults%3D20%26f%3Dadvanced%26val-base-0%3DTaiwan%26fld-base-0%3Dalltext%26bln-base-1%3Dand%26val-base-1%3DEarthquake%26fld-base-1%3DLead%26bln-base-2%3Dand%26val-base-2%3DTsunami%26fld-base-2%3DLead%26bln-base-3%3Dand%26val-base-3%3DJapan%26fld-base-3%3DLead%26bln-base-4%3Dand%26val-base-4%3Dafter%25202010%26fld-base-4%3DYMD_date%26docref%3Dnews%2F1370A039AD6F68A0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Taiwan+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShan2011" class="citation news cs1">Shan, Shelley (May 4, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=WORLDNEWS&t=continent%3AAsia%21Asia&sort=YMD_date%3AD&page=10&maxresults=20&f=advanced&val-base-0=Taiwan&fld-base-0=alltext&bln-base-1=and&val-base-1=Earthquake&fld-base-1=Lead&bln-base-2=and&val-base-2=Tsunami&fld-base-2=Lead&bln-base-3=and&val-base-3=Japan&fld-base-3=Lead&bln-base-4=and&val-base-4=after%202010&fld-base-4=YMD_date&docref=news/16F6D3BDC8B0EE08">"Thankful Japanese donates books"</a>. <i>Taiwan News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 2,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Taiwan+News&rft.atitle=Thankful+Japanese+donates+books&rft.date=2011-05-04&rft.aulast=Shan&rft.aufirst=Shelley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finfoweb.newsbank.com%2Fapps%2Fnews%2Fdocument-view%3Fp%3DWORLDNEWS%26t%3Dcontinent%253AAsia%2521Asia%26sort%3DYMD_date%253AD%26page%3D10%26maxresults%3D20%26f%3Dadvanced%26val-base-0%3DTaiwan%26fld-base-0%3Dalltext%26bln-base-1%3Dand%26val-base-1%3DEarthquake%26fld-base-1%3DLead%26bln-base-2%3Dand%26val-base-2%3DTsunami%26fld-base-2%3DLead%26bln-base-3%3Dand%26val-base-3%3DJapan%26fld-base-3%3DLead%26bln-base-4%3Dand%26val-base-4%3Dafter%25202010%26fld-base-4%3DYMD_date%26docref%3Dnews%2F16F6D3BDC8B0EE08&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Taiwan+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=WORLDNEWS&t=continent%3AAsia%21Asia&sort=YMD_date%3AD&page=2&maxresults=20&f=advanced&val-base-0=Taiwan&fld-base-0=alltext&bln-base-1=and&val-base-1=Earthquake&fld-base-1=Lead&bln-base-2=and&val-base-2=Tsunami&fld-base-2=Lead&bln-base-3=and&val-base-3=Japan&fld-base-3=Lead&bln-base-4=and&val-base-4=after%202010&fld-base-4=YMD_date&docref=news/16F6C60388A72A08">"Japanese planning 'thank you' race with vintage cars"</a>. <i>Taiwan News</i>. November 16, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 2,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Taiwan+News&rft.atitle=Japanese+planning+%27thank+you%27+race+with+vintage+cars&rft.date=2013-11-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finfoweb.newsbank.com%2Fapps%2Fnews%2Fdocument-view%3Fp%3DWORLDNEWS%26t%3Dcontinent%253AAsia%2521Asia%26sort%3DYMD_date%253AD%26page%3D2%26maxresults%3D20%26f%3Dadvanced%26val-base-0%3DTaiwan%26fld-base-0%3Dalltext%26bln-base-1%3Dand%26val-base-1%3DEarthquake%26fld-base-1%3DLead%26bln-base-2%3Dand%26val-base-2%3DTsunami%26fld-base-2%3DLead%26bln-base-3%3Dand%26val-base-3%3DJapan%26fld-base-3%3DLead%26bln-base-4%3Dand%26val-base-4%3Dafter%25202010%26fld-base-4%3DYMD_date%26docref%3Dnews%2F16F6C60388A72A08&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Taiwan+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKo2014" class="citation news cs1">Ko, Shu-ling (March 11, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=WORLDNEWS&t=continent%3AAsia%21Asia&sort=YMD_date%3AD&page=1&maxresults=20&f=advanced&val-base-0=Taiwan&fld-base-0=alltext&bln-base-1=and&val-base-1=Earthquake&fld-base-1=Lead&bln-base-2=and&val-base-2=Tsunami&fld-base-2=Lead&bln-base-3=and&val-base-3=Japan&fld-base-3=Lead&bln-base-4=and&val-base-4=after%202010&fld-base-4=YMD_date&docref=news/14C90C1BF5E18888">"Japanese in Taiwan hold event to remember victims, thank Taiwan"</a>. <i>Kyodo News International, Inc</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 2,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kyodo+News+International%2C+Inc.&rft.atitle=Japanese+in+Taiwan+hold+event+to+remember+victims%2C+thank+Taiwan&rft.date=2014-03-11&rft.aulast=Ko&rft.aufirst=Shu-ling&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finfoweb.newsbank.com%2Fapps%2Fnews%2Fdocument-view%3Fp%3DWORLDNEWS%26t%3Dcontinent%253AAsia%2521Asia%26sort%3DYMD_date%253AD%26page%3D1%26maxresults%3D20%26f%3Dadvanced%26val-base-0%3DTaiwan%26fld-base-0%3Dalltext%26bln-base-1%3Dand%26val-base-1%3DEarthquake%26fld-base-1%3DLead%26bln-base-2%3Dand%26val-base-2%3DTsunami%26fld-base-2%3DLead%26bln-base-3%3Dand%26val-base-3%3DJapan%26fld-base-3%3DLead%26bln-base-4%3Dand%26val-base-4%3Dafter%25202010%26fld-base-4%3DYMD_date%26docref%3Dnews%2F14C90C1BF5E18888&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Taiwan+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=WORLDNEWS&t=continent%3AAsia%21Asia&sort=YMD_date%3AD&page=1&maxresults=20&f=advanced&val-base-0=Taiwan&fld-base-0=alltext&bln-base-1=and&val-base-1=Earthquake&fld-base-1=Lead&bln-base-2=and&val-base-2=Tsunami&fld-base-2=Lead&bln-base-3=and&val-base-3=Japan&fld-base-3=Lead&bln-base-4=and&val-base-4=after%202010&fld-base-4=YMD_date&docref=news/16F6C626E8FB6CB0">"Japan earthquake victims commemorated in Taipei"</a>. <i>Taiwan News</i>. March 12, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 2,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Taiwan+News&rft.atitle=Japan+earthquake+victims+commemorated+in+Taipei&rft.date=2014-03-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finfoweb.newsbank.com%2Fapps%2Fnews%2Fdocument-view%3Fp%3DWORLDNEWS%26t%3Dcontinent%253AAsia%2521Asia%26sort%3DYMD_date%253AD%26page%3D1%26maxresults%3D20%26f%3Dadvanced%26val-base-0%3DTaiwan%26fld-base-0%3Dalltext%26bln-base-1%3Dand%26val-base-1%3DEarthquake%26fld-base-1%3DLead%26bln-base-2%3Dand%26val-base-2%3DTsunami%26fld-base-2%3DLead%26bln-base-3%3Dand%26val-base-3%3DJapan%26fld-base-3%3DLead%26bln-base-4%3Dand%26val-base-4%3Dafter%25202010%26fld-base-4%3DYMD_date%26docref%3Dnews%2F16F6C626E8FB6CB0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Taiwan+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=WORLDNEWS&t=continent%3AAsia%21Asia&sort=YMD_date%3AD&page=1&maxresults=20&f=advanced&val-base-0=Taiwan&fld-base-0=alltext&bln-base-1=and&val-base-1=Earthquake&fld-base-1=Lead&bln-base-2=and&val-base-2=Tsunami&fld-base-2=Lead&bln-base-3=and&val-base-3=Japan&fld-base-3=Lead&bln-base-4=and&val-base-4=after%202010&fld-base-4=YMD_date&docref=news/16F6CB865B62AE60">"Japanese quake survivors to speak at Tamsui event"</a>. <i>Taiwan News</i>. March 9, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 2,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Taiwan+News&rft.atitle=Japanese+quake+survivors+to+speak+at+Tamsui+event&rft.date=2015-03-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finfoweb.newsbank.com%2Fapps%2Fnews%2Fdocument-view%3Fp%3DWORLDNEWS%26t%3Dcontinent%253AAsia%2521Asia%26sort%3DYMD_date%253AD%26page%3D1%26maxresults%3D20%26f%3Dadvanced%26val-base-0%3DTaiwan%26fld-base-0%3Dalltext%26bln-base-1%3Dand%26val-base-1%3DEarthquake%26fld-base-1%3DLead%26bln-base-2%3Dand%26val-base-2%3DTsunami%26fld-base-2%3DLead%26bln-base-3%3Dand%26val-base-3%3DJapan%26fld-base-3%3DLead%26bln-base-4%3Dand%26val-base-4%3Dafter%25202010%26fld-base-4%3DYMD_date%26docref%3Dnews%2F16F6CB865B62AE60&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Taiwan+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStaff_writer,_with_CNA2014" class="citation news cs1">Staff writer, with CNA (December 19, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://infoweb.newsbank.com/apps/news/document-view?p=WORLDNEWS&t=continent%3AAsia%21Asia&sort=YMD_date%3AD&page=1&maxresults=20&f=advanced&val-base-0=Taiwan&fld-base-0=alltext&bln-base-1=and&val-base-1=Earthquake&fld-base-1=Lead&bln-base-2=and&val-base-2=Tsunami&fld-base-2=Lead&bln-base-3=and&val-base-3=Japan&fld-base-3=Lead&bln-base-4=and&val-base-4=after%202010&fld-base-4=YMD_date&docref=news/16F6CB71123D6B18">"Japanese show thanks for relief aid with event - 'TOHOKU THANK YOU': The event to thank Taiwan for its tsunami relief aid is to feature Japanese music performances, food and costumes. It starts today"</a>. <i>Taiwan News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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June 4, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Associated+Press&rft.atitle=Taiwan%2C+feuding+with+China%2C+gets+vaccines+from+Japan&rft.date=2021-06-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Feurope-china-taiwan-business-japan-0c31ddf65eaa81ac101f592ec5697c37&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Taiwan+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/japan-provide-12-mln-doses-coronavirus-vaccine-taiwan-2021-06-04/">"Taiwan's COVID-19 vaccine stocks more than doubled by Japan donation"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. June 4, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 10,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NHK+WORLD&rft.atitle=China+condemns+Japan+offering+vaccine+to+Taiwan+%7C+NHK+WORLD-JAPAN+News&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww3.nhk.or.jp%2Fnhkworld%2Fen%2Fnews%2F20210531_34%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJapan%E2%80%93Taiwan+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211027083419/https://news.yahoo.co.jp/articles/61dc7c5ec29fb1a223d5a7d615999a3ef5ed9aea">"日本政府、台湾にワクチン30万回分提供 27日に輸送＝6回目（中央社フォーカス台湾）"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.yahoo.co.jp/articles/61dc7c5ec29fb1a223d5a7d615999a3ef5ed9aea">the original</a> on 2021-10-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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"The Japan-Taiwan Relationship: An Unstable Stability." <i>Asia Policy</i> 26.1 (2019): 161–166. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://muse.jhu.edu/article/717553/summary">online</a></li> <li>Iriye, A. and Cohen, W 1989 <i>The United States and Japan in the Postwar World,</i> p. 21-34, The University Press of Kentucky</li> <li>Hu, S. ‘Japan and the Cross-Taiwan Strait Conflict,’ <i>Journal of Chinese Political Science</i>, Vol. 11, No. 2 (Fall 2006): pp. 83–103.</li> <li>Schonberger, H 1989 <i>Aftermath of War - Americans and the Remaking of Japan, 1945–1952,</i> p. 275–285, The Kent State University Press,</li> <li>Watanabe, Toshio. 2022 <i>The Meiji Japanese Who Made Modern Taiwan</i> (2022); see <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=59527">online book review</a></li> <li>Wilkins, Thomas, 2012 "Taiwan-Japan Relations in an Era of Uncertainty" <i>Asia Policy,</i> Vol. 13, (January 2012), pp. 113–132.</li></ul> <div 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data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Japan" title="Foreign relations of Japan">Foreign relations of Japan</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left:70px;"><div id="Bilateral_relations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bilateralism" title="Bilateralism">Bilateral</a> relations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algeria%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Algeria–Japan relations">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angola%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Angola–Japan relations">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botswana%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Botswana–Japan relations">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djibouti%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Djibouti–Japan relations">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Egypt–Japan relations">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopia%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Ethiopia–Japan relations">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Kenya_relations" title="Japan–Kenya relations">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Mozambique_relations" title="Japan–Mozambique relations">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Namibia_relations" title="Japan–Namibia relations">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Nigeria_relations" title="Japan–Nigeria relations">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Somalia_relations" title="Japan–Somalia relations">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93South_Africa_relations" title="Japan–South Africa relations">South Africa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentina%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Argentina–Japan relations">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbados%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Barbados–Japan relations">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivia%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Bolivia–Japan relations">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Brazil–Japan relations">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Canada–Japan relations">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Chile–Japan relations">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombia%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Colombia–Japan relations">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Cuba–Japan relations">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecuador%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Ecuador–Japan relations">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Japan–Mexico relations">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Paraguay_relations" title="Japan–Paraguay relations">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Peru_relations" title="Japan–Peru relations">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Trinidad_and_Tobago_relations" title="Japan–Trinidad and Tobago relations">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Japan–United States relations">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Uruguay_relations" title="Japan–Uruguay relations">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Japan–Venezuela relations">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Afghanistan–Japan relations">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Armenia–Japan relations">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Azerbaijan–Japan relations">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Bahrain–Japan relations">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Bangladesh–Japan relations">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhutan%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Bhutan–Japan relations">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunei%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Brunei–Japan relations">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodia%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Cambodia–Japan relations">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="China–Japan relations">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Timor%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="East Timor–Japan relations">East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Georgia–Japan relations">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="India–Japan relations">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Indonesia–Japan relations">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Iran–Japan relations">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Israel–Japan relations">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Laos_relations" title="Japan–Laos relations">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Malaysia_relations" title="Japan–Malaysia relations">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Maldives_relations" title="Japan–Maldives relations">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Mongolia_relations" title="Japan–Mongolia relations">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Myanmar_relations" title="Japan–Myanmar relations">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Nepal_relations" title="Japan–Nepal relations">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Japan–North Korea relations">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Japan–Pakistan relations">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Palestine_relations" title="Japan–Palestine relations">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Philippines_relations" title="Japan–Philippines relations">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Qatar_relations" title="Japan–Qatar relations">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_relations" title="Japan–Saudi Arabia relations">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Singapore_relations" title="Japan–Singapore relations">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93South_Korea_relations" title="Japan–South Korea relations">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Sri_Lanka_relations" title="Japan–Sri Lanka relations">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Thailand_relations" title="Japan–Thailand relations">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Turkey_relations" title="Japan–Turkey relations">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Japan–Vietnam relations">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Albania–Japan relations">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austria%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Austria–Japan relations">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgium%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Belgium–Japan relations">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Croatia–Japan relations">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Czech Republic–Japan relations">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Denmark–Japan relations">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Finland–Japan relations">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="France–Japan relations">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Germany–Japan relations">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Greece–Japan relations">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Hungary–Japan relations">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Holy See–Japan relations">Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iceland%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Iceland–Japan relations">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ireland%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Ireland–Japan relations">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Italy–Japan relations">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Kosovo_relations" title="Japan–Kosovo relations">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Liechtenstein_relations" title="Japan–Liechtenstein relations">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Lithuania_relations" title="Japan–Lithuania relations">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Malta_relations" title="Japan–Malta relations">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Montenegro_relations" title="Japan–Montenegro relations">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Netherlands_relations" title="Japan–Netherlands relations">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Poland_relations" title="Japan–Poland relations">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Portugal_relations" title="Japan–Portugal relations">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Japan–Russia relations">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Serbia_relations" title="Japan–Serbia relations">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Spain_relations" title="Japan–Spain relations">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Sweden_relations" title="Japan–Sweden relations">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Japan–Ukraine relations">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="Japan–United Kingdom relations">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Australia–Japan relations">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiji%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Fiji–Japan relations">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93New_Zealand_relations" title="Japan–New Zealand relations">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Palau_relations" title="Japan–Palau relations">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Tonga_relations" title="Japan–Tonga relations">Tonga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan%E2%80%93Russian_Empire_relations" title="Empire of Japan–Russian Empire relations">Russian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Soviet_Union_relations" title="Japan–Soviet Union relations">Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Yugoslavia_relations" title="Japan–Yugoslavia relations">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/60px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/90px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg/120px-Imperial_Seal_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="990" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left:70px;"><div id="Multilateral_relations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Multilateralism" title="Multilateralism">Multilateral</a> relations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_foreign_policy_on_Africa" title="Japanese foreign policy on Africa">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Arab_League_relations" title="Japan–Arab League relations">Arab world</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Latin_America_relations" title="Japan–Latin America relations">Latin America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Oceania_relations" title="Japan–Oceania relations">Oceania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_foreign_policy_on_Southeast_Asia" title="Japanese foreign policy on Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Japan–European Union relations">European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_and_the_United_Nations" title="Japan and the United Nations">United Nations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left:70px;"><div id="Diplomatic_history" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Diplomatic history</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_missions_to_Imperial_China" title="Japanese missions to Imperial China">Missions to Imperial China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_seal_ships" title="Red seal ships">Red seal ships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanban_trade" title="Nanban trade">Nanban trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakoku" title="Sakoku">Sakoku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseon_missions_to_Japan" title="Joseon missions to Japan">Joseon missions to Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_missions_to_Joseon" title="Japanese missions to Joseon">Japanese missions to Joseon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_missions_to_Edo" title="Dutch missions to Edo">Dutch missions to Edo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryukyuan_missions_to_Edo" title="Ryukyuan missions to Edo">Ryukyuan missions to Edo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Meiji_Japan" title="Foreign relations of Meiji Japan">Foreign relations of Meiji Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_East_Asia_Co-Prosperity_Sphere" title="Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere">Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Japan%E2%80%93Korea_relations" title="History of Japan–Korea relations">Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_China%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="History of China–Japan relations">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcos_Japanese_ODA_scandal" title="Marcos Japanese ODA scandal">Marcos scandals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left:70px;"><div id="Territorial_disputes" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Territorial disputes</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Korea_Joint_Development_Zone" title="Japan–Korea Joint Development Zone">Japan–Korea Joint Development Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuril_Islands_dispute" title="Kuril Islands dispute">Kuril Islands dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liancourt_Rocks_dispute" title="Liancourt Rocks dispute">Liancourt Rocks dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senkaku_Islands" title="Senkaku Islands">Senkaku Islands dispute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left:70px;"><div id="Related_topics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Related topics</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Japan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Japan)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Foreign_Affairs_(Japan)" title="Minister for Foreign Affairs (Japan)">Minister for Foreign Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Japan" title="List of diplomatic missions of Japan">Diplomatic missions of Japan</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Japan" title="List of diplomatic missions in Japan">in Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_economic_cooperation_policy_of_Japan" title="International economic cooperation policy of Japan">Development assistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_International_Cooperation_Agency" title="Japan International Cooperation Agency">JICA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Overseas_Cooperation_Volunteers" title="Japan Overseas Cooperation Volunteers">JOCV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_relations_of_Japan" title="Economic relations of Japan">Economic relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_External_Trade_Organization" title="Japan External Trade Organization">JETRO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Philippines_Economic_Partnership_Agreement" title="Japan–Philippines Economic Partnership Agreement">JPEPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Alliance_Leaders_Meeting" title="Pacific Alliance Leaders Meeting">Pacific Alliance Leaders Meeting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" 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Taiwan</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Burkina Faso–Taiwan relations">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chad%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Chad–Taiwan relations">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eswatini%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Eswatini–Taiwan relations">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Gambia–Taiwan relations">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya-Taiwan_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Libya-Taiwan relations">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malawi%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Malawi–Taiwan relations">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="São Tomé and Príncipe–Taiwan relations">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somaliland%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Somaliland–Taiwan relations">Somaliland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Africa%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="South Africa–Taiwan relations">South Africa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentina%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Argentina–Taiwan relations">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belize%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Belize–Taiwan relations">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Brazil–Taiwan relations">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Canada–Taiwan relations">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Chile–Taiwan relations">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Dominican Republic–Taiwan relations">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guatemala%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Guatemala–Taiwan relations">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haiti%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Haiti–Taiwan relations">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Mexico–Taiwan relations">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguay%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Paraguay–Taiwan relations">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peru%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Peru–Taiwan relations">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Taiwan–United States relations">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Relations_Act" title="Taiwan Relations Act">Taiwan Relations Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Travel_Act" title="Taiwan Travel Act">Taiwan Travel Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Allies_International_Protection_and_Enhancement_Initiative_Act" title="Taiwan Allies International Protection and Enhancement Initiative Act">TAIPEI Act</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Taiwan–Venezuela relations">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Bangladesh–Taiwan relations">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-Strait_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross-Strait relations">China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Hong Kong–Taiwan relations">Hong Kong</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="India–Taiwan relations">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Indonesia–Taiwan relations">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Israel–Taiwan relations">Israel</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Malaysia–Taiwan relations">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Mongolia–Taiwan relations">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Myanmar–Taiwan relations">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="North Korea–Taiwan relations">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Pakistan–Taiwan relations">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Philippines–Taiwan relations">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Singapore–Taiwan relations">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Saudi Arabia–Taiwan relations">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="South Korea–Taiwan relations">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93Thailand_relations" title="Taiwan–Thailand relations">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93Turkey_relations" title="Taiwan–Turkey relations">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Taiwan–Vietnam relations">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Czech Republic–Taiwan relations">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Denmark–Taiwan relations">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Estonia–Taiwan relations">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Finland–Taiwan relations">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="France–Taiwan relations">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Germany–Taiwan relations">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Holy See–Taiwan relations">Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Italy–Taiwan relations">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Kosovo–Taiwan relations">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Latvia–Taiwan relations">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuania%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Lithuania–Taiwan relations">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="North Macedonia–Taiwan relations">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norway%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Norway–Taiwan relations">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netherlands%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Netherlands–Taiwan relations">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Poland–Taiwan relations">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Russia–Taiwan relations">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spain%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Spain–Taiwan relations">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Sweden–Taiwan relations">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan-Slovakia_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwan-Slovakia relations">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Taiwan–Ukraine relations">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="Taiwan–United Kingdom relations">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Australia–Taiwan relations">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiribati%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Kiribati–Taiwan relations">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauru%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Nauru–Taiwan relations">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="New Zealand–Taiwan relations">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palau%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Palau–Taiwan relations">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Solomon Islands–Taiwan relations">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93Tuvalu_relations" title="Taiwan–Tuvalu relations">Tuvalu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Multilateral</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sino-African_relations" title="Sino-African relations">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Arab_relations" title="Sino-Arab relations">Arab World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Caribbean_relations" title="Sino-Caribbean relations">Caribbean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Taiwan–European Union relations">European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Latin_America_relations" title="Sino-Latin America relations">Latin America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Pacific_relations" title="Sino-Pacific relations">Oceania countries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Third_World_relations" title="Sino-Third World relations">Third World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_and_the_United_Nations" title="Taiwan and the United Nations">United Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_and_the_World_Health_Organization" title="Taiwan and the World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Administration and Policies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Taiwan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Taiwan)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Taiwan" title="List of diplomatic missions of Taiwan">Diplomatic missions of</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Taiwan" title="List of diplomatic missions in Taiwan">in Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Southbound_Policy" title="New Southbound Policy">New Southbound Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Respirator_diplomacy_of_Taiwan" title="Respirator diplomacy of Taiwan">Respirator diplomacy of Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_Taiwan" title="Visa policy of Taiwan">Visa policy</a> / <a href="/wiki/Visa_requirements_for_Taiwanese_citizens" title="Visa requirements for Taiwanese citizens">requirements</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Taipei" title="Chinese Taipei">Chinese Taipei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_passport" title="Taiwan passport">Passport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Taiwan" title="Political status of Taiwan">Political status</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_diplomatic_relations_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Timeline of diplomatic relations of the Republic of China">Timeline of diplomatic 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