CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Ted Turner - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"8ba6d92b-15ba-4cf1-83dd-eb57127d0724","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Ted_Turner","wgTitle":"Ted Turner","wgCurRevisionId":1258800667,"wgRevisionId":1258800667,"wgArticleId":30475,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 errors: generic name","Webarchive template wayback links","All articles with dead external links","Articles with dead external links from June 2016","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism","Use American English from April 2016","All Wikipedia articles written in American English","Use mdy dates from April 2021","Biography with signature","Articles with hCards", "All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from October 2022","No local image but image on Wikidata","New York Times topic template using Wikidata","People appearing on C-SPAN","Professional wrestling profiles template without any identifiers","1938 births","1974 America's Cup sailors","1977 America's Cup sailors","21st-century American philanthropists","5.5 Metre class sailors","Activists from Ohio","American advertising executives","American cable television company founders","American chief executives in the media industry","American conservationists","American landowners","American male sailors (sport)","American businesspeople in real estate","American television company founders","Atlanta Braves executives","Atlanta Braves managers","Atlanta Braves owners","Atlanta Hawks executives","Atlanta Hawks owners","Atlanta Thrashers executives","Atlanta Thrashers owners","Brown Bears sailors","Businesspeople from Cincinnati", "Businesspeople from Georgia (U.S. state)","CNN executives","Georgia (U.S. state) Democrats","International Emmy Directorate Award","Living people","Major League Baseball team presidents","Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer executives","Peabody Award winners","Professional wrestling promoters","Time Person of the Year","United Nations Foundation","United States Coast Guard enlisted","United States Coast Guard reservists","US Sailor of the Year","5.5 Metre class world champions","World champions in sailing for the United States","World Championship Wrestling executives","People with Lewy body dementia","Benjamin Franklin Medal (Franklin Institute) laureates"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Ted_Turner","wgRelevantArticleId":30475,"wgIsProbablyEditable":false,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":false,"wgRestrictionEdit":["autoconfirmed"],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false, "wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":80000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q193368","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={ "ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth", "ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/Ted_Turner_at_the_LBJ_Foundation.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1766"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/Ted_Turner_at_the_LBJ_Foundation.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1177"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="942"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Ted Turner - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Ted_Turner rootpage-Ted_Turner skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Ted+Turner" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Ted+Turner" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Ted+Turner" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Ted+Turner" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Early_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Early life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Business_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Business_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Business career</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Business_career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Business career subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Business_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-WTBS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#WTBS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>WTBS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-WTBS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-CNN" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#CNN"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>CNN</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-CNN-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Turner_Doomsday_Video" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Turner_Doomsday_Video"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Turner Doomsday Video</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Turner_Doomsday_Video-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_ventures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_ventures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Other ventures</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_ventures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Time_Warner_merger" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Time_Warner_merger"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Time Warner merger</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Time_Warner_merger-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rivalry_with_Murdoch" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rivalry_with_Murdoch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Rivalry with Murdoch</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rivalry_with_Murdoch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Atlanta_Braves" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Atlanta_Braves"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Atlanta Braves</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Atlanta_Braves-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards_and_honors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards_and_honors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Awards and honors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awards_and_honors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Politics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Politics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Curbing_population_growth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Curbing_population_growth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Curbing population growth</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Curbing_population_growth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversial_comments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversial_comments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Controversial comments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Controversial_comments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Turner_Enterprises" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Turner_Enterprises"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Turner Enterprises</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Turner_Enterprises-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sailing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sailing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Sailing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sailing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Further reading subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Biographies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biographies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Biographies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biographies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ted Turner</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 52 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-52" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">52 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ted Turner" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B1" title="تد تيرنر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تد تيرنر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ted Turner" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_T%C3%B6rner" title="Ted Törner – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ted Törner" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8D%D0%B4_%D0%A6%D1%91%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Тэд Цёрнер – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Тэд Цёрнер" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8A%D1%80" title="Тед Търнър – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Тед Търнър" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ted Turner" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ted Turner" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ted Turner" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ted Turner" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ted Turner" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ted Turner" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B1" title="تد ترنر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تد ترنر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ted Turner" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Ted Turner" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ted Turner" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ted Turner" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%85%8C%EB%93%9C_%ED%84%B0%EB%84%88" title="테드 터너 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="테드 터너" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B9%D5%A5%D5%A4_%D4%B9%D5%A8%D6%80%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Թեդ Թըրներ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Թեդ Թըրներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ted Turner" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ted Turner" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ted Turner" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%93_%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%A8" title="טד טרנר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טד טרנר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Тед Тернер – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тед Тернер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teds_T%C4%93rners" title="Teds Tērners – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Teds Tērners" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ted Turner" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ted Turner" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Ted Turner" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B0" title="टेड टर्नर – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="टेड टर्नर" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B1" title="تد تيرنر – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="تد تيرنر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ted Turner" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ted Turner" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B0" title="टेड टर्नर – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="टेड टर्नर" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%86%E3%83%83%E3%83%89%E3%83%BB%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8A%E3%83%BC" title="テッド・ターナー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="テッド・ターナー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ted Turner" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A1_%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%B0" title="ਟੇਡ ਟਰਨਰ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਟੇਡ ਟਰਨਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner_(przedsi%C4%99biorca)" title="Ted Turner (przedsiębiorca) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ted Turner (przedsiębiorca)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ted Turner" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ted Turner" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%91%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80,_%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Тёрнер, Тед – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тёрнер, Тед" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ted Turner" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Тед Тарнер – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Тед Тарнер" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ted Turner" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ted Turner" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="டெட் டேர்னர் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="டெட் டேர்னர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%94_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="เท็ด เทอร์เนอร์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เท็ด เทอร์เนอร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ted Turner" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%B4_%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Тед Тернер – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Тед Тернер" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ted Turner" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="Ted Turner – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ted Turner" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%80%8F%E7%B4%8D" title="泰德·透納 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="泰德·透納" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E9%80%8F%E7%B4%8D" title="泰德·透納 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="泰德·透納" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q193368#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ted_Turner" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Ted_Turner" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ted_Turner"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-viewsource" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ted_Turner&action=edit" title="This page is protected.
You can view its source [e]" accesskey="e"><span>View source</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ted_Turner&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ted_Turner"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-viewsource" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ted_Turner&action=edit"><span>View source</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ted_Turner&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Ted_Turner" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Ted_Turner" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ted_Turner&oldid=1258800667" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ted_Turner&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Ted_Turner&id=1258800667&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTed_Turner"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTed_Turner"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Ted_Turner&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ted_Turner&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" hreflang="en"><span>Wikiquote</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q193368" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-pp-default" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#semi" title="This article is semi-protected until February 25, 2027 at 23:45 UTC, due to vandalism"><img alt="Page semi-protected" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/20px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/30px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American media mogul (born 1938)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other people named Ted Turner, see <a href="/wiki/Ted_Turner_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Ted Turner (disambiguation)">Ted Turner (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Ted Turner</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Ted_Turner_at_the_LBJ_Foundation.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Ted_Turner_at_the_LBJ_Foundation.jpg/220px-Ted_Turner_at_the_LBJ_Foundation.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="324" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Ted_Turner_at_the_LBJ_Foundation.jpg/330px-Ted_Turner_at_the_LBJ_Foundation.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/Ted_Turner_at_the_LBJ_Foundation.jpg 2x" data-file-width="373" data-file-height="549" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Turner in 2015</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Robert Edward Turner III</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1938-11-19</span>) </span>November 19, 1938<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 86)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati">Cincinnati</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Brown_University" title="Brown University">Brown University</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation(s)</th><td class="infobox-data role">Entrepreneur, television producer, media proprietor, philanthropist</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data">1960–present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Founder of <a href="/wiki/Turner_Network_Television" class="mw-redirect" title="Turner Network Television">TNT</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turner_Broadcasting_System" title="Turner Broadcasting System">TBS</a>, and <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></li><li>Co-founder of the <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_Threat_Initiative" title="Nuclear Threat Initiative">Nuclear Threat Initiative</a></li><li>Former <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Hawks" title="Atlanta Hawks">Atlanta Hawks</a> owner</li><li>Former <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Braves" title="Atlanta Braves">Atlanta Braves</a> owner</li><li>Former <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Thrashers" title="Atlanta Thrashers">Atlanta Thrashers</a> owner</li><li>Former <a href="/wiki/World_Championship_Wrestling" title="World Championship Wrestling">World Championship Wrestling</a> owner</li><li>Co-founder of <a href="/wiki/Ted%27s_Montana_Grill" title="Ted's Montana Grill">Ted's Montana Grill</a></li><li>Founder of <a href="/wiki/TV-6_(Russia)" title="TV-6 (Russia)">TV-6</a></li><li>Co-creator of <i><a href="/wiki/Captain_Planet_and_the_Planeteers" title="Captain Planet and the Planeteers">Captain Planet and the Planeteers</a></i></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Julia Gale Nye</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1960; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1964)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Jane Shirley Smith</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1965; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1988)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Jane_Fonda" title="Jane Fonda">Jane Fonda</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1991; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 2001)<wbr /></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">5</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tedturner.com">tedturner<wbr />.com</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193368#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Signature</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="infobox-signature skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ted_signature.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Ted_signature.svg/150px-Ted_signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Ted_signature.svg/225px-Ted_signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Ted_signature.svg/300px-Ted_signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="311" data-file-height="198" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Robert Edward Turner III</b> (born November 19, 1938) is an American entrepreneur, television producer, <a href="/wiki/Media_proprietor" title="Media proprietor">media proprietor</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Philanthropy" title="Philanthropy">philanthropist</a>. He founded the <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">Cable News Network</a> (CNN), the first 24-hour <a href="/wiki/United_States_cable_news" title="United States cable news">cable news</a> channel. In addition, he founded <a href="/wiki/WPCH-TV" title="WPCH-TV">WTBS</a>, which pioneered the <a href="/wiki/Superstation" title="Superstation">superstation</a> concept in <a href="/wiki/Cable_television" title="Cable television">cable television</a>, which later became <a href="/wiki/TBS_(American_TV_channel)" title="TBS (American TV channel)">TBS</a>. </p><p>As a philanthropist, he gave $1 billion to create the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Foundation" title="United Nations Foundation">United Nations Foundation</a>, a public charity to broaden U.S. support for the UN. Turner serves as <a href="/wiki/Chairperson" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairperson">Chairman</a> of the United Nations Foundation <a href="/wiki/Board_of_directors" title="Board of directors">board of directors</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, in 2001, Turner co-founded the <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_Threat_Initiative" title="Nuclear Threat Initiative">Nuclear Threat Initiative</a> with US Senator <a href="/wiki/Sam_Nunn" title="Sam Nunn">Sam Nunn</a> (D-GA). NTI is a non-partisan organization dedicated to reducing global reliance on, and preventing the proliferation of nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons. He currently serves as co-chairman of the board of directors. </p><p>Turner's media empire began with his father's <a href="/wiki/Billboard" title="Billboard">billboard</a> business, Turner Outdoor Advertising, which he took over in March 1963 after his father's suicide.<sup id="cite_ref-bibb5556_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bibb5556-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was worth $1 million. His purchase of an <a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta</a> <a href="/wiki/Ultra_high_frequency" title="Ultra high frequency">UHF</a> station in 1970 began the <a href="/wiki/Turner_Broadcasting_System" title="Turner Broadcasting System">Turner Broadcasting System</a>. CNN revolutionized news media, covering the <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Challenger_disaster" title="Space Shuttle Challenger disaster">Space Shuttle <i>Challenger</i> disaster</a> in 1986 and the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Persian Gulf War</a> in 1991. Turner turned the <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Braves" title="Atlanta Braves">Atlanta Braves</a> baseball team into a nationally popular franchise (including winning the <a href="/wiki/1995_World_Series" title="1995 World Series">1995 World Series</a> under his ownership), and launched the charitable <a href="/wiki/Goodwill_Games" title="Goodwill Games">Goodwill Games</a>. He helped revive interest in <a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling" title="Professional wrestling">professional wrestling</a> by purchasing <a href="/wiki/Jim_Crockett_Promotions" title="Jim Crockett Promotions">Jim Crockett Promotions</a> which was then rebranded as <a href="/wiki/World_Championship_Wrestling" title="World Championship Wrestling">World Championship Wrestling</a> (WCW). </p><p>Turner's penchant for controversial statements earned him the nicknames "The Mouth of the South" and "Captain Outrageous".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Turner has also devoted his assets to environmental causes. He was the largest private landowner in the United States until <a href="/wiki/John_C._Malone" title="John C. Malone">John C. Malone</a> surpassed him in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He uses much of his land for ranches to re-popularize <a href="/wiki/Bison" title="Bison">bison</a> meat (for his <a href="/wiki/Ted%27s_Montana_Grill" title="Ted's Montana Grill">Ted's Montana Grill</a> chain) and has amassed the largest herd in the world. He also created the environmental-themed animated series <i><a href="/wiki/Captain_Planet_and_the_Planeteers" title="Captain Planet and the Planeteers">Captain Planet and the Planeteers</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2></div> <p>Turner was born on November 19, 1938, in <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati">Cincinnati</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">Ohio</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the son of Florence (née Rooney) and Robert Edward Turner II, a billboard <a href="/wiki/Magnate" title="Magnate">magnate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When he was nine, his family moved to <a href="/wiki/Savannah,_Georgia" title="Savannah, Georgia">Savannah, Georgia</a>, and raised him as an <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_Church_(United_States)" title="Episcopal Church (United States)">Episcopalian</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He attended <a href="/wiki/The_McCallie_School" title="The McCallie School">The McCallie School</a>, a private boys' preparatory school in <a href="/wiki/Chattanooga,_Tennessee" title="Chattanooga, Tennessee">Chattanooga, Tennessee</a>. </p><p>Turner attended <a href="/wiki/Brown_University" title="Brown University">Brown University</a> and was vice-president of the <a href="/wiki/Brown_Debating_Union" title="Brown Debating Union">Brown Debating Union</a> and captain of the sailing team. He became a member of <a href="/wiki/Kappa_Sigma" title="Kappa Sigma">Kappa Sigma</a>. Turner initially majored in <a href="/wiki/Classics" title="Classics">classics</a>. His father wrote saying that this choice made him "appalled, even horrified", and that he "almost puked".<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Turner later changed his major to <a href="/wiki/Economics" title="Economics">economics</a>, but before receiving a degree, he was <a href="/wiki/Expulsion_(academia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Expulsion (academia)">expelled</a> for having a female student in his dormitory room.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Turner was awarded an honorary B.A. from Brown University in November 1989 when he returned to campus to give the keynote address for the <a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_College_Broadcasters" title="National Association of College Broadcasters">National Association of College Broadcasters</a> second annual conference. </p><p>Expelled from Brown just as tensions in <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam</a> were beginning to heat up, Turner joined the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_Reserve" title="United States Coast Guard Reserve">United States Coast Guard Reserve</a> in order to fill his service obligation before he ended up getting <a href="/wiki/Conscription_in_the_United_States#Cold_War" title="Conscription in the United States">drafted</a>. Honored by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy_Memorial" title="United States Navy Memorial">United States Navy Memorial</a> with its <a href="/wiki/Lone_Sailor_Award" title="Lone Sailor Award">Lone Sailor Award</a> in 2013, Turner told <i>The Washington Post</i>, "I liked boats", and ended up getting "deployed to some pretty sweet places – Charleston and Fort Lauderdale."<sup id="cite_ref-USCG_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USCG-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Business_career">Business career</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="WTBS">WTBS</h3></div> <p>After leaving Brown University, Turner returned to the South in late 1960 to become general manager of the <a href="/wiki/Macon,_Georgia" title="Macon, Georgia">Macon, Georgia</a>, branch of his father's business. Following his father's suicide in March 1963, Turner became president and chief executive of Turner Advertising Company when he was 24 and turned the firm into a global enterprise. He joined the <a href="/wiki/Young_Republicans" title="Young Republicans">Young Republicans</a>, saying he "felt at ease among these budding conservatives and was merely following in [his father]'s far-right footsteps", according to <i>It Ain't as Easy as It Looks</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-bibb5556_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bibb5556-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a> era, Turner's business prospered; it had "virtual monopolies in Savannah, Macon, <a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Georgia" title="Columbus, Georgia">Columbus</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Charleston,_South_Carolina" title="Charleston, South Carolina">Charleston</a>" and was the "largest outdoor advertising company in the Southeast", according to <i>It Ain't as Easy as It Looks</i>. The book observed that Turner "discovered his father had sheltered a substantial amount of taxable income over the years by personally lending it back to the company" and "discovered that the billboard business could be a gold mine, a tax-depreciable revenue stream that threw off enormous amounts of cash with almost no capital investment".<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the late 1960s Turner began buying several Southern radio stations.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1969, he sold his radio stations to buy a struggling television station in Atlanta, <a href="/wiki/Ultra_high_frequency" title="Ultra high frequency">UHF</a> Channel 17 <a href="/wiki/WPCH-TV#As_WJRJ-TV" title="WPCH-TV">WJRJ</a> (now WPCH).<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the time, UHF stations did well only in markets without <a href="/wiki/Very_high_frequency" title="Very high frequency">VHF</a> stations, like <a href="/wiki/Fresno,_California" title="Fresno, California">Fresno, California</a>, or in markets with only one station on VHF. Independent UHF stations were not ratings winners or that profitable even in larger markets, but Turner concluded that this would change as people wanted more than several choices. He changed the <a href="/wiki/Call_sign" title="Call sign">call sign</a> to WTCG, erroneously claimed to have stood for "<u>W</u>atch <u>T</u>his <u>C</u>hannel <u>G</u>row" but in actuality stood for <u>T</u>urner <u>C</u>ommunications <u>G</u>roup.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Initially, the station ran old movies from prior decades, along with theatrical cartoons and bygone sitcoms and drama programs. As a better syndicated product fell off the VHF stations, Turner would acquire it for his station at a very low price. WTCG ran mostly second- and even third-hand programming of the time, including fare such as <i><a href="/wiki/Gilligan%27s_Island" title="Gilligan's Island">Gilligan's Island</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/I_Love_Lucy" title="I Love Lucy">I Love Lucy</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek" title="Star Trek">Star Trek</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Hazel_(TV_series)" title="Hazel (TV series)">Hazel</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Bugs_Bunny" title="Bugs Bunny">Bugs Bunny</a></i>. Other low-cost content included humorist <a href="/wiki/Bill_Tush" title="Bill Tush">Bill Tush</a> reading the news at 3 a.m., prompting Turner to jokingly comment that, "we have a 100% share at this time". Tush once delivered the news with his "<a href="/wiki/Anchorman" class="mw-redirect" title="Anchorman">co-anchor</a>" Rex, a <a href="/wiki/German_Shepherd" title="German Shepherd">German Shepherd</a>. The dog (who belonged to an associate) was shown next to Tush on set, wearing a shirt and tie while eating a peanut butter sandwich. Rex appeared only on one episode, but a myth grew where many people thought the dog was a nightly guest.<sup id="cite_ref-Saporta_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Saporta-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1972, WTCG had acquired the rights to telecast <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Braves" title="Atlanta Braves">Atlanta Braves</a> and <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Hawks" title="Atlanta Hawks">Atlanta Hawks</a> games.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Turner would go on to purchase UHF Channel 36 <a href="/wiki/WCNC-TV" title="WCNC-TV">WRET</a> (now WCNC) in <a href="/wiki/Charlotte,_North_Carolina" title="Charlotte, North Carolina">Charlotte, North Carolina</a>, and ran it with a format similar to WTCG.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ted_Turner_smoking_a_cigar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="refer to caption" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Ted_Turner_smoking_a_cigar.jpg/170px-Ted_Turner_smoking_a_cigar.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="262" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Ted_Turner_smoking_a_cigar.jpg/255px-Ted_Turner_smoking_a_cigar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Ted_Turner_smoking_a_cigar.jpg/340px-Ted_Turner_smoking_a_cigar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="399" data-file-height="614" /></a><figcaption>Turner <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1976</span></figcaption></figure> <p>In 1976, the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Communications_Commission" title="Federal Communications Commission">Federal Communications Commission</a> allowed WTCG to use a satellite to transmit content to local cable TV providers around the nation. On December 17, 1976, the rechristened WTCG-TV Super-Station began to broadcast old movies, <a href="/wiki/Situation_comedy" class="mw-redirect" title="Situation comedy">situation comedy</a> reruns, cartoons, and sports nationwide to cable-TV subscribers.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As cable systems developed, many carried his station to free their schedules, which increased his viewers and advertising. The number of subscribers eventually reached 2 million and Turner's net worth rose to $100 million. He bought a 5,000-acre (2,000 ha) plantation in Jacksonboro, South Carolina, for $2 million.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1976, Turner bought the Atlanta Braves, and in 1977, he bought the Atlanta Hawks, partially to provide programming for WTCG.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Using the rechristened WTBS superstation's status to broadcast Braves games into nearly every home in North America, Turner turned the Braves into a household name even before their run of success in the 1990s and early 2000s.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At one point, he suggested to pitcher <a href="/wiki/Andy_Messersmith" title="Andy Messersmith">Andy Messersmith</a>, who wore number 17, that he change his surname to "Channel" to promote the television station.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1978, Turner struck a deal with a student-operated radio station at <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">MIT</a>, <a href="/wiki/WMBR" title="WMBR">Technology Broadcasting System</a> (now WMBR), to obtain the rights to the WTBS call sign for $50,000. Such a move allowed Turner to strengthen the branding of his "Super-Station" using the initials TBS. Turner Communications Group was renamed <a href="/wiki/Turner_Broadcasting_System" title="Turner Broadcasting System">Turner Broadcasting System</a> and WTCG was renamed <a href="/wiki/WPCH-TV" title="WPCH-TV">WTBS</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1986, Turner founded the <a href="/wiki/Goodwill_Games" title="Goodwill Games">Goodwill Games</a> with the goal of easing tensions between capitalist and communist countries. Broadcasting the events of these games also provided his superstation the ability to provide Olympic-style sports programming.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Turner_Field" title="Turner Field">Turner Field</a>, first used for the <a href="/wiki/1996_Summer_Olympics" title="1996 Summer Olympics">1996 Summer Olympics</a> as <a href="/wiki/Centennial_Olympic_Stadium" title="Centennial Olympic Stadium">Centennial Olympic Stadium</a> and then converted into a baseball-only facility for the Braves, was named after him.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="CNN">CNN</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ted_Turner_autographing,_RIT_NandE_Vol13Num31_1981_Oct8_Complete.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Ted_Turner_autographing%2C_RIT_NandE_Vol13Num31_1981_Oct8_Complete.jpg/220px-Ted_Turner_autographing%2C_RIT_NandE_Vol13Num31_1981_Oct8_Complete.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Ted_Turner_autographing%2C_RIT_NandE_Vol13Num31_1981_Oct8_Complete.jpg/330px-Ted_Turner_autographing%2C_RIT_NandE_Vol13Num31_1981_Oct8_Complete.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Ted_Turner_autographing%2C_RIT_NandE_Vol13Num31_1981_Oct8_Complete.jpg/440px-Ted_Turner_autographing%2C_RIT_NandE_Vol13Num31_1981_Oct8_Complete.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1447" data-file-height="1202" /></a><figcaption>Turner in 1981</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1978, he contacted media executive <a href="/wiki/Reese_Schonfeld" title="Reese Schonfeld">Reese Schonfeld</a> with his plans to launch a 24-hour news channel (Schonfeld had previously approached Turner with the same proposition in 1977 but was rebuffed).<sup id="cite_ref-Barkin_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barkin-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Schonfeld responded that it could be done with a staff of 300 if they used an all electronic newsroom and satellites for all transmissions.<sup id="cite_ref-Barkin_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barkin-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It would require an initial investment of $15 million–$20 million and several million dollars per month to operate.<sup id="cite_ref-Barkin_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barkin-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1979, Turner sold his North Carolina station, <a href="/wiki/South_Carolina_Educational_Television" title="South Carolina Educational Television">WRET</a>, to fund the transaction and established its headquarters in lower-cost, non-union <a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Barkin_29-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barkin-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Schonfeld was appointed first president and chief executive of the then-named <a href="/wiki/Cable_News_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="Cable News Network">Cable News Network</a> (CNN).<sup id="cite_ref-Barkin_29-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barkin-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> CNN hired Jim Kitchell, former general manager of news at <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a> as vice president of production and operations; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sam_Zelman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sam Zelman (page does not exist)">Sam Zelman</a> as vice president of news and executive producer; <a href="/wiki/Bill_MacPhail" title="Bill MacPhail">Bill MacPhail</a> as head of sports, Ted Kavanau as director of personnel, and <a href="/wiki/Burt_Reinhardt" title="Burt Reinhardt">Burt Reinhardt</a> as vice president of the network.<sup id="cite_ref-Barkin_29-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barkin-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1982, Schonfeld was succeeded as CEO by Turner after a dispute over Schonfeld's firing of <a href="/wiki/Sandi_Freeman" title="Sandi Freeman">Sandi Freeman</a>; and was succeeded as president by CNN's executive vice president, <a href="/wiki/Burt_Reinhardt" title="Burt Reinhardt">Burt Reinhardt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-wp_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wp-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Turner_Doomsday_Video">Turner Doomsday Video</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Turner_Doomsday_Video" title="Turner Doomsday Video">Turner Doomsday Video</a></div> <p>Turner famously stated before the network debuted: "We won't be signing off until the world ends. We'll be on, and we will cover the end of the world, live, and that will be our last event... we'll play the National Anthem only one time, on the 1st of June [the network's debut on June 1, 1980], and when the end of the world comes, we'll play '<a href="/wiki/Nearer,_My_God,_to_Thee" title="Nearer, My God, to Thee">Nearer, My God, to Thee</a>' before we sign off." Reportedly, Turner plans to make good on that promise. He commissioned a video recording of a military marching band playing the hymn. Turner has sometimes played the tape for reporters, noting the reason he made it. In 2015, the video was found in CNN's database and leaked. The video was tagged in the database as "[Hold for release] till end of world confirmed".<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_ventures">Other ventures</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="border: 4px double #3633FF;border-spacing:0.2em 0;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Professional_wrestling" title="Category:Professional wrestling">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling" title="Professional wrestling">Professional wrestling</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wrestling_-_Sikeston,_MO_1938_-_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Wrestling_-_Sikeston%2C_MO_1938_-_1.jpg/175px-Wrestling_-_Sikeston%2C_MO_1938_-_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Wrestling_-_Sikeston%2C_MO_1938_-_1.jpg/263px-Wrestling_-_Sikeston%2C_MO_1938_-_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Wrestling_-_Sikeston%2C_MO_1938_-_1.jpg/350px-Wrestling_-_Sikeston%2C_MO_1938_-_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1300" data-file-height="865" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #3633FF; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">History</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_professional_wrestling" title="History of professional wrestling">History of professional wrestling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Years_in_professional_wrestling" title="Template:Years in professional wrestling">By year</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_wrestling_championships" title="Early wrestling championships">Early wrestling championships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Dust_Trio" title="Gold Dust Trio">Gold Dust Trio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980s_professional_wrestling_boom" title="1980s professional wrestling boom">1980s boom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Saturday_(professional_wrestling)" title="Black Saturday (professional wrestling)">Black Saturday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NWA_World_Title_Tournament" title="NWA World Title Tournament">1994 NWA World Title Tournament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monday_Night_War" title="Monday Night War">Monday Night Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attitude_Era" title="Attitude Era">Attitude Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_All_Japan_Pro_Wrestling_mass_exodus" title="2000 All Japan Pro Wrestling mass exodus">2000 All Japan Pro Wrestling mass exodus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Invasion_(professional_wrestling)" title="The Invasion (professional wrestling)">The Invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wednesday_Night_Wars" title="Wednesday Night Wars">Wednesday Night Wars</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #3633FF; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Notable promotions</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_Elite_Wrestling" title="All Elite Wrestling">All Elite Wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_Japan_Pro_Wrestling" title="All Japan Pro Wrestling">All Japan Pro Wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_Japan_Women%27s_Pro-Wrestling" title="All Japan Women's Pro-Wrestling">All Japan Women's Pro-Wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_Star_Wrestling" title="All Star Wrestling">All Star Wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Wrestling_Association" title="American Wrestling Association">American Wrestling Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consejo_Mundial_de_Lucha_Libre" title="Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre">Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_Championship_Wrestling" title="Extreme Championship Wrestling">Extreme Championship Wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frontier_Martial-Arts_Wrestling" title="Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling">Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorgeous_Ladies_of_Wrestling" title="Gorgeous Ladies of Wrestling">Gorgeous Ladies of Wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Crockett_Promotions" title="Jim Crockett Promotions">Jim Crockett Promotions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Promotions" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint Promotions">Joint Promotions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucha_Libre_AAA_Worldwide" title="Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide">Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maple_Leaf_Wrestling" title="Maple Leaf Wrestling">Maple Leaf Wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Wrestling_Alliance" title="National Wrestling Alliance">National Wrestling Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Japan_Pro-Wrestling" title="New Japan Pro-Wrestling">New Japan Pro-Wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pro_Wrestling_Noah" title="Pro Wrestling Noah">Pro Wrestling Noah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_of_Honor" title="Ring of Honor">Ring of Honor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soft_Ground_Wrestling" title="Soft Ground Wrestling">Soft Ground Wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stampede_Wrestling" title="Stampede Wrestling">Stampede Wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Joshi_Pro-Wrestling" title="Tokyo Joshi Pro-Wrestling">Tokyo Joshi Pro-Wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Total_Nonstop_Action_Wrestling" title="Total Nonstop Action Wrestling">Total Nonstop Action Wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UWF_International" title="UWF International">UWF International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_of_Wrestling" title="Women of Wrestling">Women of Wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Championship_Wrestling" title="World Championship Wrestling">World Championship Wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Wonder_Ring_Stardom" title="World Wonder Ring Stardom">World Wonder Ring Stardom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WWE" title="WWE">WWE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_professional_wrestling_promotions" title="List of professional wrestling promotions">Others</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #3633FF; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Notable people</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"><small><b>Early 20th Century</b></small> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Hackenschmidt" title="George Hackenschmidt">George Hackenschmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Great_Gama" title="The Great Gama">The Great Gama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Gotch" title="Frank Gotch">Frank Gotch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Sandow" title="Billy Sandow">Billy Sandow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toots_Mondt" title="Toots Mondt">Toots Mondt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Lewis_(wrestler)" title="Ed Lewis (wrestler)">Ed Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Pfefer" title="Jack Pfefer">Jack Pfefer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Londos" title="Jim Londos">Jim Londos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvador_Lutteroth" title="Salvador Lutteroth">Salvador Lutteroth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lou_Thesz" title="Lou Thesz">Lou Thesz</a></li></ul> <p><small><b>Mid 20th Century</b></small> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gorgeous_George" title="Gorgeous George">Gorgeous George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Santo" title="El Santo">El Santo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Muchnick" title="Sam Muchnick">Sam Muchnick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mildred_Burke" title="Mildred Burke">Mildred Burke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Fabulous_Moolah" title="The Fabulous Moolah">The Fabulous Moolah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Demon" title="Blue Demon">Blue Demon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verne_Gagne" title="Verne Gagne">Verne Gagne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Gotch" title="Karl Gotch">Karl Gotch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rikid%C5%8Dzan" title="Rikidōzan">Rikidōzan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stu_Hart" title="Stu Hart">Stu Hart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruno_Sammartino" title="Bruno Sammartino">Bruno Sammartino</a></li></ul> <p><small><b>1970s and 1980s</b></small> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terry_Funk" title="Terry Funk">Terry Funk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harley_Race" title="Harley Race">Harley Race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Solie" title="Gordon Solie">Gordon Solie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Inoki" title="Antonio Inoki">Antonio Inoki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giant_Baba" title="Giant Baba">Giant Baba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mil_M%C3%A1scaras" title="Mil Máscaras">Mil Máscaras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_the_Giant" title="André the Giant">André the Giant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Heenan" title="Bobby Heenan">Bobby Heenan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Col%C3%B3n" title="Carlos Colón">Carlos Colón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dusty_Rhodes" title="Dusty Rhodes">Dusty Rhodes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ric_Flair" title="Ric Flair">Ric Flair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Crockett_Jr." title="Jim Crockett Jr.">Jim Crockett Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Crabtree" title="Shirley Crabtree">Big Daddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vince_McMahon" title="Vince McMahon">Vince McMahon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamite_Kid" title="Dynamite Kid">Dynamite Kid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satoru_Sayama" title="Satoru Sayama">Satoru "Tiger Mask" Sayama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hulk_Hogan" title="Hulk Hogan">Hulk Hogan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randy_Savage" title="Randy Savage">Randy Savage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hisashi_Shinma" title="Hisashi Shinma">Hisashi Shinma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akira_Maeda" title="Akira Maeda">Akira Maeda</a></li></ul> <p><small><b>1990s</b></small> </p> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ted Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sting_(wrestler)" title="Sting (wrestler)">Sting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keiji_Muto" title="Keiji Muto">The Great Muta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Undertaker" title="The Undertaker">The Undertaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Ross" title="Jim Ross">Jim Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsuharu_Misawa" title="Mitsuharu Misawa">Mitsuharu Misawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenta_Kobashi" title="Kenta Kobashi">Kenta Kobashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshiaki_Kawada" title="Toshiaki Kawada">Toshiaki Kawada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atsushi_Onita" title="Atsushi Onita">Atsushi Onita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Pe%C3%B1a" title="Antonio Peña">Antonio Peña</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Bischoff" title="Eric Bischoff">Eric Bischoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Heyman" title="Paul Heyman">Paul Heyman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Cornette" title="Jim Cornette">Jim Cornette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bret_Hart" title="Bret Hart">Bret Hart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shawn_Michaels" title="Shawn Michaels">Shawn Michaels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Nash" title="Kevin Nash">Kevin Nash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Hall" title="Scott Hall">Scott Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vince_Russo" title="Vince Russo">Vince Russo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_Cold_Steve_Austin" title="Stone Cold Steve Austin">Stone Cold Steve Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwayne_Johnson" title="Dwayne Johnson">The Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triple_H" title="Triple H">Paul "Triple H" Levesque</a></li></ul> <p><small><b>2000s</b></small> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Jericho" title="Chris Jericho">Chris Jericho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Angle" title="Kurt Angle">Kurt Angle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Jarrett" title="Jeff Jarrett">Jeff Jarrett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Guerrero" title="Eddie Guerrero">Eddie Guerrero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rey_Mysterio" title="Rey Mysterio">Rey Mysterio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brock_Lesnar" title="Brock Lesnar">Brock Lesnar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randy_Orton" title="Randy Orton">Randy Orton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Cena" title="John Cena">John Cena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiroshi_Tanahashi" title="Hiroshi Tanahashi">Hiroshi Tanahashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%ADstico" title="Místico">Místico</a></li></ul> <p><small><b>2010s and 2020s</b></small> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CM_Punk" title="CM Punk">CM Punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryan_Danielson" title="Bryan Danielson">Bryan Danielson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Reigns" title="Roman Reigns">Roman Reigns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazuchika_Okada" title="Kazuchika Okada">Kazuchika Okada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenny_Omega" title="Kenny Omega">Kenny Omega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Khan" title="Tony Khan">Tony Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Khan" title="Nick Khan">Nick Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cody_Rhodes" title="Cody Rhodes">Cody Rhodes</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #3633FF; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">By region</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling_in_Australia" title="Professional wrestling in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fighting_Cholitas" title="Fighting Cholitas">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling_in_Canada" title="Professional wrestling in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling_in_China" title="Professional wrestling in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling_in_France" title="Professional wrestling in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling_in_India" title="Professional wrestling in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling_in_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Professional wrestling in Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling_in_Israel" title="Professional wrestling in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling_in_Japan" title="Professional wrestling in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucha_libre" title="Lucha libre">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling_in_New_Zealand" title="Professional wrestling in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling_in_Puerto_Rico" title="Professional wrestling in Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling_in_Russia" title="Professional wrestling in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling_in_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Professional wrestling in Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Professional wrestling in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling_in_the_United_States" title="Professional wrestling in the United States">United States</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #3633FF; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Styles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_wrestling" class="mw-redirect" title="British wrestling">British wrestling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All-in_professional_wrestling" title="All-in professional wrestling">All-in style</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Admiral-Lord_Mountevans_rules" title="Admiral-Lord Mountevans rules">Mountevans rules</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruiserweight_(professional_wrestling)" title="Cruiserweight (professional wrestling)">Cruiserweight</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/X_Division" title="X Division">X Division</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardcore_wrestling" title="Hardcore wrestling">Hardcore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intergender_wrestling" title="Intergender wrestling">Intergender</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lucha_libre" title="Lucha libre">Lucha libre</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midget_wrestling" title="Midget wrestling">Midget</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mini-Estrella" title="Mini-Estrella">Mini-Estrella</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Puroresu" title="Puroresu">Puroresu</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoot_wrestling" title="Shoot wrestling">Shoot style</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/U-Kei_(martial_arts)" title="U-Kei (martial arts)">U-Kei</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_professional_wrestling" title="Women's professional wrestling">Women's</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #3633FF; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Concepts</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li>Attire <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling_mask" title="Wrestling mask">Masks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling_singlet" title="Wrestling singlet">Wrestling singlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling_shoe" title="Wrestling shoe">Wrestling shoe</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backyard_wrestling" title="Backyard wrestling">Backyarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blading_(professional_wrestling)" title="Blading (professional wrestling)">Blading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling_championship" title="Professional wrestling championship">Championship</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:World_heavyweight_wrestling_championships" title="Category:World heavyweight wrestling championships">World Heavyweight</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirt_sheet" title="Dirt sheet">Dirt sheet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_professional_wrestling_terms" title="Glossary of professional wrestling terms">Glossary of terms</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kayfabe" title="Kayfabe">Kayfabe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gimmick_(professional_wrestling)" title="Gimmick (professional wrestling)">Gimmick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Face_(professional_wrestling)" title="Face (professional wrestling)">Face</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heel_(professional_wrestling)" title="Heel (professional wrestling)">Heel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoot_(professional_wrestling)" title="Shoot (professional wrestling)">Shoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heat_(professional_wrestling)" title="Heat (professional wrestling)">Heat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_(professional_wrestling)" title="Job (professional wrestling)">Job</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Push_(professional_wrestling)" title="Push (professional wrestling)">Push</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_show" title="House show">House show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling_match_types" title="Professional wrestling match types">Match types</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_in_professional_wrestling" title="Music in professional wrestling">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rib_(professional_wrestling)" title="Rib (professional wrestling)">Rib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_name" title="Ring name">Ring name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_entertainment" class="mw-redirect" title="Sports entertainment">Sports entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tag_team" title="Tag team">Tag team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Professional_wrestling_weight_classes" title="Category:Professional wrestling weight classes">Weight classes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling_ring" title="Wrestling ring">Wrestling ring</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #3633FF; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Culture</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cauliflower_Alley_Club" title="Cauliflower Alley Club">Cauliflower Alley Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cauliflower_ear" title="Cauliflower ear">Cauliflower ear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wrestling-based_comic_books" title="List of wrestling-based comic books">Comic books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Professional_wrestling_films" title="Category:Professional wrestling films">Films</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lucha_libre_films" title="Category:Lucha libre films">Luchador films</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_professional_wrestling_magazines" title="List of professional wrestling magazines">Magazines</a></li> <li>Paintings <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Wrestlers_(Courbet)" title="The Wrestlers (Courbet)">Gustave Courbet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestlers_(Eakins)" title="Wrestlers (Eakins)">Thomas Eakins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wrestlers_(Etty)" title="The Wrestlers (Etty)">William Etty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wrestlers_(Luks)" title="The Wrestlers (Luks)">George Luks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ribera_Steakhouse" title="Ribera Steakhouse">Ribera Steakhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ten-bell_salute" title="Ten-bell salute">Ten-bell salute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_professional_wrestling_video_games" title="List of professional wrestling video games">Video games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling_personalities_in_politics" title="Professional wrestling personalities in politics">Wrestling personalities in politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zubaz" title="Zubaz">Zubaz</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #3633FF; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Media outlets</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Botchamania" title="Botchamania">Botchamania</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Box_y_Lucha" title="Box y Lucha">Box y Lucha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dark_Side_of_the_Ring" title="Dark Side of the Ring">Dark Side of the Ring</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fighting_Spirit_Magazine" title="Fighting Spirit Magazine">Fighting Spirit Magazine</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Live_Audio_Wrestling" title="Live Audio Wrestling">Live Audio Wrestling</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/OSW_Review" title="OSW Review">OSW Review</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Power_Slam" title="Power Slam">Power Slam</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pro_Wrestling_Illustrated" title="Pro Wrestling Illustrated">Pro Wrestling Illustrated</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAper_Luchas" title="Súper Luchas">Súper Luchas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wrestling_Observer_Newsletter" title="Wrestling Observer Newsletter">Wrestling Observer Newsletter</a></i></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #3633FF; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Controversies</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animals_in_professional_wrestling" title="Animals in professional wrestling">Animals in professional wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Benoit_double-murder_and_suicide" title="Chris Benoit double-murder and suicide">Chris Benoit double-murder and suicide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen_Hart#Death" title="Owen Hart">Death of Owen Hart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_Transit_incident_(professional_wrestling)" title="Mass Transit incident (professional wrestling)">Mass Transit incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montreal_Screwjob" title="Montreal Screwjob">Montreal Screwjob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruiser_Brody#Death" title="Bruiser Brody">Murder of Bruiser Brody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Rikid%C5%8Dzan" title="Murder of Rikidōzan">Murder of Rikidōzan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_premature_professional_wrestling_deaths" title="List of premature professional wrestling deaths">Premature deaths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_boy_scandal" title="Ring boy scandal">Ring boy scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speaking_Out_movement" title="Speaking Out movement">Speaking Out</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._McMahon" title="United States v. McMahon">United States v. McMahon</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vince_McMahon_sex_trafficking_scandal" title="Vince McMahon sex trafficking scandal">Vince McMahon sex trafficking scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WWE_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="WWE in Saudi Arabia">WWE–Saudi Arabia relationship</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #3633FF; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Lists</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_professional_wrestling_attendance_records" title="List of professional wrestling attendance records">Attendance records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Professional_wrestling_championships_by_promotion" title="Category:Professional wrestling championships by promotion">Championships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_professional_wrestling_matches_rated_5_or_more_stars_by_Dave_Meltzer" title="List of professional wrestling matches rated 5 or more stars by Dave Meltzer">Matches rated 5 or more stars by Dave Meltzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Professional_wrestling_moves" title="Category:Professional wrestling moves">Moves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_professional_wrestling_promotions" title="List of professional wrestling promotions">Promotions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Professional_wrestling_rivalries" title="Category:Professional wrestling rivalries">Rivalries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_professional_wrestling_personnel" title="Lists of professional wrestling personnel">Rosters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_professional_wrestling_television_series" title="List of professional wrestling television series">TV shows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Professional_wrestling_families" title="Category:Professional wrestling families">Wrestling families</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #3633FF; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Combat_sport" title="Combat sport">Combat sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_professional_wrestling_and_mixed_martial_arts" title="Comparison of professional wrestling and mixed martial arts">Comparison of professional wrestling and mixed martial arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martial_arts" title="Martial arts">Martial arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mock_combat" title="Mock combat">Mock combat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pankration" title="Pankration">Pankration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shootfighting" title="Shootfighting">Shootfighting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_wrestling" class="mw-redirect" title="Sport wrestling">Sport wrestling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amateur_wrestling" title="Amateur wrestling">Amateur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catch_wrestling" title="Catch wrestling">Catch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoot_wrestling" title="Shoot wrestling">Shoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submission_wrestling" title="Submission wrestling">Submission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancashire_wrestling" title="Lancashire wrestling">Lancashire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luta_Livre" title="Luta Livre">Luta Livre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pehlwani" title="Pehlwani">Pehlwani</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stage_combat" title="Stage combat">Stage combat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre" title="Theatre">Theatre</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Professional_wrestling_sidebar" title="Template:Professional wrestling sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Professional_wrestling_sidebar" title="Template talk:Professional wrestling sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Professional_wrestling_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Professional wrestling sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In 1981, Turner Broadcasting System acquired <a href="/wiki/Brut_Productions" title="Brut Productions">Brut Productions</a> from <a href="/wiki/Faberge_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Faberge Inc.">Faberge Inc.</a><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After a failed attempt to acquire <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a>, Turner purchased the film studio <a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">MGM</a>/<a href="/wiki/United_Artists" title="United Artists">UA</a> Entertainment Co. from <a href="/wiki/Kirk_Kerkorian" title="Kirk Kerkorian">Kirk Kerkorian</a> in 1986 for $1.5 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-MGM_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MGM-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the acquisition, Turner had amassed enormous debt and sold parts of the acquisition; Kerkorian bought back MGM/UA Entertainment. The MGM/UA Studio lot in <a href="/wiki/Culver_City,_California" title="Culver City, California">Culver City</a> was sold to <a href="/wiki/Lorimar_Productions" class="mw-redirect" title="Lorimar Productions">Lorimar</a>/<a href="/wiki/Telepictures" title="Telepictures">Telepictures</a>. Turner kept MGM's pre-May 1986 and pre-merger film and television library.<sup id="cite_ref-ymrt_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ymrt-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Turner_Entertainment" title="Turner Entertainment">Turner Entertainment</a> was established in August 1986 to oversee film and television properties owned by Turner thanks to the deal with Kerkorian.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Having now acquired MGM's library of 2,200 films made before 1986, Turner had them syndicated on his nationwide television stations.<sup id="cite_ref-MGM_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MGM-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When broadcasting their older films, he aired <a href="/wiki/Film_colorization" title="Film colorization">colorized</a> versions of ones originally shot in black-and-white.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Opposition arose from cinephiles, actors, and directors to Turner's colorization efforts. Film critic <a href="/wiki/Roger_Ebert" title="Roger Ebert">Roger Ebert</a> wrote on Turner's broadcasting of a colorized <i><a href="/wiki/Casablanca_(film)" title="Casablanca (film)">Casablanca</a></i>, "that will be one of the saddest days in the history of the movies. It is sad because it demonstrates that there is no movie that Turner will spare, no classic however great that is safe from the vulgarity of his computerized graffiti gangs."<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thanks in part to Turner's colorization, the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> established the <a href="/wiki/National_Film_Registry" title="National Film Registry">National Film Registry</a> with the aim to preserve American films in their original format.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1988, Turner purchased <a href="/wiki/Jim_Crockett_Promotions" title="Jim Crockett Promotions">Jim Crockett Promotions</a> which he renamed <a href="/wiki/World_Championship_Wrestling" title="World Championship Wrestling">World Championship Wrestling</a> (WCW) which became the main competitor to <a href="/wiki/Vince_McMahon" title="Vince McMahon">Vince McMahon</a>'s <a href="/wiki/WWE" title="WWE">World Wrestling Federation</a> (WWF). This rivalry became known as the <a href="/wiki/Monday_Night_Wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Monday Night Wars">Monday Night War</a>, and would last throughout the 1990s. In 2001, under <a href="/wiki/WarnerMedia#AOL_Time_Warner_(2001–2003)" title="WarnerMedia">AOL Time Warner</a>, WCW was <a href="/wiki/WWE#Start_of_the_Attitude_Era_(1997–1999)" title="WWE">sold to the WWF</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Also in 1988, he introduced <a href="/wiki/Turner_Network_Television" class="mw-redirect" title="Turner Network Television">Turner Network Television</a> (TNT) with <i><a href="/wiki/Gone_with_the_Wind_(film)" title="Gone with the Wind (film)">Gone with the Wind</a>.</i> TNT, initially showing older movies and television shows, added original programs and newer reruns. Turner would later create <a href="/wiki/Turner_Classic_Movies" title="Turner Classic Movies">Turner Classic Movies</a> (TCM) in 1994, airing Turner's pre-1986 MGM library of films alongside those of <a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros." title="Warner Bros.">Warner Bros.</a> made before 1950, though it has expanded its library since.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1989, Turner created the <a href="/wiki/Turner_Tomorrow_Fellowship_Award" title="Turner Tomorrow Fellowship Award">Turner Tomorrow Fellowship</a> for fiction offering positive solutions to global problems. The winner, from 2500 entries worldwide, was <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Quinn" title="Daniel Quinn">Daniel Quinn</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Ishmael_(Quinn_novel)" title="Ishmael (Quinn novel)">Ishmael</a>.</i><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="width: 270px; clear: right; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External videos</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XIyViBTPPJ8">Ted Turner: Captain Planet</a> – a 2019 documentary hosted by Dr. Sanjay Gupta highlighting the personal life, career, and the environmental work of Ted Turner (CNN Philippines, full episode)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In 1990, he created the Turner Foundation, which focuses on philanthropic grants concerning issues pertaining to the environment and overpopulation. In the same year he created <a href="/wiki/Captain_Planet" class="mw-redirect" title="Captain Planet">Captain Planet</a>, an environmental <a href="/wiki/Superhero" title="Superhero">superhero</a>. Turner produced the television series <i><a href="/wiki/Captain_Planet_and_the_Planeteers" title="Captain Planet and the Planeteers">Captain Planet and the Planeteers</a></i> and its later sequel series with Captain Planet as the featured character.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1992, the pre-May 1986 MGM library, which also included Warner Bros. properties including the early <i><a href="/wiki/Looney_Tunes" title="Looney Tunes">Looney Tunes</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Merrie_Melodies" title="Merrie Melodies">Merrie Melodies</a></i> libraries and also the Fleischer Studios and Famous Studios <i>Popeye</i> cartoons from Paramount (and then United Artists), became the core of <a href="/wiki/Cartoon_Network" title="Cartoon Network">Cartoon Network</a>. A year before, Turner's companies purchased <a href="/wiki/Hanna-Barbera" title="Hanna-Barbera">Hanna-Barbera</a> Productions (whose longtime parent, <a href="/wiki/Taft_Broadcasting" title="Taft Broadcasting">Taft/Great American Broadcasting</a>, had been headquartered in Turner's original hometown of Cincinnati), beating out several other bidders including <a href="/wiki/MCA_Inc." title="MCA Inc.">MCA Inc.</a> (whose subsidiaries included <a href="/wiki/Universal_Pictures" title="Universal Pictures">Universal Pictures</a> and <a href="/wiki/Universal_Destinations_%26_Experiences" title="Universal Destinations & Experiences">Universal Destinations & Experiences</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Hallmark_Cards" title="Hallmark Cards">Hallmark Cards</a>. With the 1996 Time Warner merger, the channel's archives gained the later Warner Bros. cartoon library as well as other Time Warner-owned cartoons.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1993, Turner and Russian journalist Eduard Sagalajev founded the Moscow Independent Broadcasting Corporation (MIBC). This corporation operated the sixth frequency in Russian television and founded the Russian channel <a href="/wiki/TV-6_(Russia)" title="TV-6 (Russia)">TV-6</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company was later purchased by Russian businessman <a href="/wiki/Boris_Berezovsky_(businessman)" title="Boris Berezovsky (businessman)">Boris Berezovsky</a> and an unknown group of private persons. In 2007 the license for TV-6 had expired and there was no application for renewal.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Time_Warner_merger">Time Warner merger</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2000_Ted_Turner_(29902987051).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/2000_Ted_Turner_%2829902987051%29.jpg/220px-2000_Ted_Turner_%2829902987051%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/2000_Ted_Turner_%2829902987051%29.jpg/330px-2000_Ted_Turner_%2829902987051%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/2000_Ted_Turner_%2829902987051%29.jpg/440px-2000_Ted_Turner_%2829902987051%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="844" data-file-height="564" /></a><figcaption>Turner speaking at an industry event in 2000</figcaption></figure> <p>Turner Broadcasting System merged with Time Warner Entertainment on October 10, 1996, with Turner as <a href="/wiki/Chair_(official)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chair (official)">vice chairman</a> and head of Time Warner Entertainment and Turner's cable networks division.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Turner was dropped as head of cable networks by CEO <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Levin" class="mw-redirect" title="Gerald Levin">Gerald Levin</a> but remained as Vice Chairman of Time Warner Entertainment. He would be succeeded in March 2001 as head of Turner Broadcasting by <a href="/wiki/Jamie_Kellner" title="Jamie Kellner">Jamie Kellner</a>, who was also greatly responsible for cancelling <a href="/wiki/WCW" class="mw-redirect" title="WCW">WCW</a>'s television contracts on networks which Turner previously ran.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-tedturnersuccessor_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tedturnersuccessor-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He resigned as AOL Time Warner vice chairman in 2003 and then from the Time Warner board of directors in 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On January 11, 2001, Time Warner Entertainment was purchased by <a href="/wiki/AOL" title="AOL">America Online</a> (AOL) to become AOL Time Warner,<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a merger which Turner initially supported.<sup id="cite_ref-NewYorker2001_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NewYorker2001-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the burst of the <a href="/wiki/Dot-com_bubble" title="Dot-com bubble">dot-com bubble</a> hurt the growth and profitability of the AOL division, which in turn dragged down the combined company's performance and stock price. At a board meeting in fall 2001, Turner's outburst against AOL Time Warner CEO <a href="/wiki/Gerald_M._Levin" title="Gerald M. Levin">Gerald Levin</a> eventually led to Levin's announced resignation effective in early 2002, being replaced by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Parsons_(businessman)" title="Richard Parsons (businessman)">Richard Parsons</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NinaMunk_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NinaMunk-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In contrast to Levin, who as CEO isolated Turner from important company matters, Parsons invited Turner back to provide strategic advice, although Turner never received an operational role that he sought.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company dropped "AOL" from its name in October 2003. In December 2009, AOL was spun off from the Time Warner conglomerate as a separate company.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Turner was Time Warner's biggest individual shareholder.<sup id="cite_ref-NinaMunk_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NinaMunk-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is estimated he lost as much as $7 billion when the stock collapsed in the wake of the merger.<sup id="cite_ref-Turner2008_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Turner2008-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When asked about buying back his former assets, he replied that he "can't afford them now".<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 2014, <a href="/wiki/Rupert_Murdoch" title="Rupert Murdoch">Rupert Murdoch</a>'s <a href="/wiki/21st_Century_Fox" title="21st Century Fox">21st Century Fox</a> made a bid for the company valuing it at $80 billion. The Time Warner board rejected the offer and it was formally withdrawn on August 5, 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rivalry_with_Murdoch">Rivalry with Murdoch</h3></div> <p>Turner had a long-running feud with fellow cable magnate Rupert Murdoch for years. This originated in 1983 when a Murdoch-sponsored yacht collided with the yacht skippered by Turner, <i><a href="/wiki/Condor_(yacht)" title="Condor (yacht)">Condor</a></i>, during the <a href="/wiki/Sydney_to_Hobart_Yacht_Race" title="Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race">Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race</a>, causing it to run aground 6.2 miles (10.0 km) from the finish line. At the post-race dinner, a drunken Turner verbally assaulted Murdoch, afterward challenging him to a televised fistfight in <a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas" title="Las Vegas">Las Vegas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Murdoch's <a href="/wiki/Fox_News" title="Fox News">Fox News</a>, established in 1996, became a rival to Turner's CNN, a channel that Murdoch regarded with disdain for its "liberal slant" in news coverage. Time Warner declined to carry it on their New York City cable network in response, who in the midst of a merger, Turner said would "squash Rupert Murdoch like a bug."<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2003, Turner challenged Murdoch to another fistfight, and later on accused Murdoch of being a "warmonger" for his support and backing of President <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a>'s <a href="/wiki/2003_invasion_of_Iraq" title="2003 invasion of Iraq">invasion of Iraq</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-turnermurdoch_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-turnermurdoch-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, revealing in an interview with <i><a href="/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine)">Variety</a></i> in 2019, Turner said he and Murdoch have since made amends.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Atlanta_Braves">Atlanta Braves</h3></div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Baseball player</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334398">.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio{border-collapse:collapse}.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio td,.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio th{border:1px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio .borderless td,.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio .borderless th{border:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio .infobox-below{background-color:#eee}.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-batsthrows{display:flex;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-batsthrows>div{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-batsthrows div:first-child{border-right:1px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-member-header{background-color:#9A1C1F}.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-member-header a,.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-member>th>a{color:white}.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-former .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-teams .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-highlights .infobox-full-data{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-module{width:100%;background-color:var(--background-color-base,#f9f9f9)}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-member-header{background:#3d0001}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-member[style*="background"]{background:#0c0a6b!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-member-header{background:#3d0001}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-member[style*="background"]{background:#0c0a6b!important}}</style><table class="infobox ib-baseball-bio vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #13274F !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;"><span class="note">Ted Turner</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></th></tr><tr style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><span class="note" style="font-weight:bold">Atlanta Braves – No. 27</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><b><a href="/wiki/Manager_(baseball)" title="Manager (baseball)">Manager</a></b></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><b>Born:</b> <span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1938-11-19</span>) </span>November 19, 1938<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 86)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati,_Ohio" class="mw-redirect" title="Cincinnati, Ohio">Cincinnati, Ohio</a></td></tr><tr style="background-color: #13274F !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">MLB debut</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">May 11, 1977, for the Atlanta Braves</td></tr><tr style="background-color: #13274F !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Last MLB appearance</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">May 11, 1977, for the Atlanta Braves</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">MLB statistics</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:right; width:50%; padding-right:0.5em;">Games</th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:50%; padding-left:0.5em;">1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:right; width:50%; padding-right:0.5em;">Win–loss record</th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:50%; padding-left:0.5em;">0–1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:right; width:50%; padding-right:0.5em;">Winning %</th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:50%; padding-left:0.5em;">.000</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="width:50%; padding-left:0.5em;"><b><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/turnete99.shtml">Managerial record</a><span class="nowrap"> </span>at <a href="/wiki/Baseball_Reference" title="Baseball Reference">Baseball Reference</a></b> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193368#P12331" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr style="background-color: #13274F !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Teams</th></tr><tr class="ib-baseball-bio-teams"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Braves" title="Atlanta Braves">Atlanta Braves</a> (1977)</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>For most of his first decade as owner of the Braves, Turner was a very hands-on owner. This peaked in 1977, his second year as owner.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Turner was suspended for one year by <a href="/wiki/Commissioner_of_Baseball" class="mw-redirect" title="Commissioner of Baseball">Commissioner of Baseball</a> <a href="/wiki/Bowie_Kuhn" title="Bowie Kuhn">Bowie Kuhn</a> on January 3, 1977, for his actions while pursuing the signing of free agent outfielder <a href="/wiki/Gary_Matthews" title="Gary Matthews">Gary Matthews</a> from the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Giants" title="San Francisco Giants">San Francisco Giants</a>. Matthews signed a five-year, $1.875 million contract with the Braves on November 18, 1976. Kuhn's actions stemmed from remarks made by Turner to then-Giants owner <a href="/wiki/Bob_Lurie" title="Bob Lurie">Bob Lurie</a> during the <a href="/wiki/1976_World_Series" title="1976 World Series">1976 World Series</a>. In addition, the Braves were also stripped of their first-round selections in the June 1978 draft of high school and college players.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Turner, however, successfully appealed the suspension and Kuhn relented and reinstated the draft selections, one of which would turn out to be <a href="/wiki/Bob_Horner" title="Bob Horner">Bob Horner</a> from <a href="/wiki/Arizona_State_University" title="Arizona State University">Arizona State University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On May 11, 1977, with the team mired in a 16-game losing streak, Turner sent manager <a href="/wiki/Dave_Bristol" title="Dave Bristol">Dave Bristol</a> on a 10-day "scouting trip" and Turner himself took over as interim manager – the first owner/manager in the majors since <a href="/wiki/Connie_Mack" title="Connie Mack">Connie Mack</a>. He ran the team for one game (a loss to the <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Pirates" title="Pittsburgh Pirates">Pittsburgh Pirates</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> before <a href="/wiki/National_League_(baseball)" title="National League (baseball)">National League</a> president <a href="/wiki/Chub_Feeney" title="Chub Feeney">Chub Feeney</a> ordered him to stop running the team. Feeney cited major league rules which bar managers and players from owning stock in their clubs. Turner appealed to <a href="/wiki/Commissioner_of_Baseball" class="mw-redirect" title="Commissioner of Baseball">Commissioner of Baseball</a> <a href="/wiki/Bowie_Kuhn" title="Bowie Kuhn">Bowie Kuhn</a>, and showed up to manage the Braves when they returned home. However, Kuhn turned down the appeal, citing Turner's "lack of familiarity with game operations."<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the mid-1980s Turner began leaving day-to-day operations to the baseball operations staff, and the team (still under Turner's ownership) won the <a href="/wiki/1995_World_Series" title="1995 World Series">1995 World Series</a>. </p><p>The Atlanta Braves were sold by Time Warner (which had assumed control after the merger with Turner Broadcasting System) to Liberty Media in 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_honors">Awards and honors</h2></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1995_World_Series_trophy.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/1995_World_Series_trophy.JPG/175px-1995_World_Series_trophy.JPG" decoding="async" width="175" height="298" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/1995_World_Series_trophy.JPG/263px-1995_World_Series_trophy.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/1995_World_Series_trophy.JPG/350px-1995_World_Series_trophy.JPG 2x" data-file-width="538" data-file-height="916" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Commissioner%27s_Trophy_(MLB)" title="Commissioner's Trophy (MLB)">Commissioner's Trophy</a> given to the Atlanta Braves – owned at the time by Turner – for winning the <a href="/wiki/1995_World_Series" title="1995 World Series">1995 World Series</a> (shown on display at <a href="/wiki/Turner_Field" title="Turner Field">Turner Field</a> – named for Turner – the Braves' home ballpark)</figcaption></figure> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Emmy_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Emmy Award">Emmy Awards</a></b> </p> <ul><li>Lifetime Achievement – Sports (2014)</li> <li>Lifetime Achievement – News & Documentary (2015)</li></ul> <p><b>Sports</b> </p> <ul><li>1995: <a href="/wiki/World_Series" title="World Series">World Series</a> champion (as owner of the <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Braves" title="Atlanta Braves">Atlanta Braves</a>)</li> <li>1996: <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Braves" title="Atlanta Braves">Atlanta Braves</a> home ballpark (1996–2016) named <a href="/wiki/Turner_Field" title="Turner Field">Turner Field</a></li> <li>2004: Commemorative banner at <a href="/wiki/State_Farm_Arena" title="State Farm Arena">State Farm Arena</a> honoring his tenure as owner of the <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Hawks" title="Atlanta Hawks">Atlanta Hawks</a><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p><b>Media</b> </p> <ul><li>1984: Golden Plate Award of the <a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Achievement" title="Academy of Achievement">American Academy of Achievement</a><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1989: <a href="/wiki/Paul_White_(journalist)" title="Paul White (journalist)">Paul White</a> Award, <a href="/wiki/Radio_Television_Digital_News_Association" title="Radio Television Digital News Association">Radio Television Digital News Association</a><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1990: <a href="/wiki/Walter_Cronkite_Award_for_Excellence_in_Journalism" title="Walter Cronkite Award for Excellence in Journalism">Walter Cronkite Award for Excellence in Journalism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1991: <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i> magazine's <a href="/wiki/Time_Person_of_the_Year" title="Time Person of the Year">Man of the Year</a>.</li> <li>1997: <a href="/wiki/Peabody_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Peabody Award">Peabody Award</a> winner</li> <li>1999: <a href="/wiki/Edison_Awards" title="Edison Awards">Edison Achievement Award</a> for his commitment to innovation throughout his career</li> <li>2000: <a href="/wiki/Edward_R._Murrow_Award_(Washington_State_University)" title="Edward R. Murrow Award (Washington State University)">Edward R. Murrow Award for Lifetime Achievement in Communication</a><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p><b>Halls of Fame</b> </p> <ul><li>1991: <a href="/wiki/Television_Hall_of_Fame" title="Television Hall of Fame">Television Hall of Fame</a> inductee</li> <li>2004: Star on the <a href="/wiki/Hollywood_Walk_of_Fame" title="Hollywood Walk of Fame">Hollywood Walk of Fame</a></li></ul> <p><b>Organizational</b> </p> <ul><li>1991: Audubon medal from the <a href="/wiki/National_Audubon_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="National Audubon Society">National Audubon Society</a><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2001: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Schweitzer_Gold_Medal_for_Humanitarianism" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert Schweitzer Gold Medal for Humanitarianism">Albert Schweitzer Gold Medal for Humanitarianism</a></li> <li>2010: Georgia Trustee, an honor given by the <a href="/wiki/Georgia_Historical_Society" title="Georgia Historical Society">Georgia Historical Society</a>, in conjunction with the Governor of Georgia<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2013: <a href="/wiki/Lone_Sailor_Award" title="Lone Sailor Award">Lone Sailor Award</a>, which recognizes Navy, Marine and Coast Guard veterans who have distinguished themselves in their civilian careers (Turner is a Coast Guard veteran).<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics">Politics</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Chairman,_UN_Foundation,_Mr._Ted_Turner_calling_on_the_Prime_Minister,_Dr._Manmohan_Singh,_in_New_Delhi_on_December_16,_2005_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/The_Chairman%2C_UN_Foundation%2C_Mr._Ted_Turner_calling_on_the_Prime_Minister%2C_Dr._Manmohan_Singh%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_December_16%2C_2005_%281%29.jpg/220px-The_Chairman%2C_UN_Foundation%2C_Mr._Ted_Turner_calling_on_the_Prime_Minister%2C_Dr._Manmohan_Singh%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_December_16%2C_2005_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/The_Chairman%2C_UN_Foundation%2C_Mr._Ted_Turner_calling_on_the_Prime_Minister%2C_Dr._Manmohan_Singh%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_December_16%2C_2005_%281%29.jpg/330px-The_Chairman%2C_UN_Foundation%2C_Mr._Ted_Turner_calling_on_the_Prime_Minister%2C_Dr._Manmohan_Singh%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_December_16%2C_2005_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/The_Chairman%2C_UN_Foundation%2C_Mr._Ted_Turner_calling_on_the_Prime_Minister%2C_Dr._Manmohan_Singh%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_December_16%2C_2005_%281%29.jpg/440px-The_Chairman%2C_UN_Foundation%2C_Mr._Ted_Turner_calling_on_the_Prime_Minister%2C_Dr._Manmohan_Singh%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_December_16%2C_2005_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1900" data-file-height="1462" /></a><figcaption>Ted Turner calling on the Prime Minister of India, <a href="/wiki/Manmohan_Singh" title="Manmohan Singh">Dr. Manmohan Singh</a>, in New Delhi, 2005</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Secretary_Kerry_Greets_Environmental_Activist_Ted_Turner_Before_Addressing_a_UN_Foundation-Hosted_Breakfast_Meeting_Focused_on_the_Ocean_in_Paris_(22977278124).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Secretary_Kerry_Greets_Environmental_Activist_Ted_Turner_Before_Addressing_a_UN_Foundation-Hosted_Breakfast_Meeting_Focused_on_the_Ocean_in_Paris_%2822977278124%29.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Secretary_Kerry_Greets_Environmental_Activist_Ted_Turner_Before_Addressing_a_UN_Foundation-Hosted_Breakfast_Meeting_Focused_on_the_Ocean_in_Paris_%2822977278124%29.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Secretary_Kerry_Greets_Environmental_Activist_Ted_Turner_Before_Addressing_a_UN_Foundation-Hosted_Breakfast_Meeting_Focused_on_the_Ocean_in_Paris_%2822977278124%29.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3998" data-file-height="2665" /></a><figcaption>Turner and U.S. Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">John Kerry</a> in December 2015</figcaption></figure> <p>On September 19, 2006, in a Reuters Newsmaker conference, Turner said of Iran's nuclear position: "They're a sovereign state. We have 28,000. Why can't they have 10? We don't say anything about Israel‍—‌they've got 100 of them approximately‍—‌or India or Pakistan or Russia."<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A proponent of <a href="/wiki/America%27s_Affordable_Health_Choices_Act_of_2009" title="America's Affordable Health Choices Act of 2009">healthcare reform bills</a>, Turner has said: "We’re the only first-world country that doesn't have <a href="/wiki/Universal_healthcare" class="mw-redirect" title="Universal healthcare">universal healthcare</a> and it's a disgrace."<sup id="cite_ref-creativeleadershipsummit.org_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-creativeleadershipsummit.org-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2010, during the wake of both the devastating <a href="/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_the_Deepwater_Horizon_oil_spill" title="Environmental impact of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill">Deepwater Horizon environmental disaster</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Upper_Big_Branch_Mine_disaster" title="Upper Big Branch Mine disaster">Upper Big Branch Mine disaster</a> that killed 29 miners in <a href="/wiki/West_Virginia" title="West Virginia">West Virginia</a>, Turner stated on CNN that "I'm just wondering if God is telling us he doesn't want to drill offshore. And right before that, we had that coal mine disaster in West Virginia where we lost 29 miners ... Maybe the Lord's tired of having the mountains of West Virginia, the tops knocked off of them so they may get more coal. I think maybe we ought to just leave the coal in the ground and go with solar and wind power and geothermals ..."<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Turner endorsed Democratic candidate <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a> in the run-up for the 2016 U.S. presidential election.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2018 he revealed he had once considered a run for president when he was married to <a href="/wiki/Jane_Fonda" title="Jane Fonda">Jane Fonda</a>, who told him she would leave him if he did.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Curbing_population_growth">Curbing population growth</h3></div> <p>Along with advocating for clean water and improved stewardship of the land, Turner established the Turner Foundation to address ways to curb population growth.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Turner has put $125 million of his own money into the foundation and has set aside $6 million per year to address population growth rates. Addressing the issue at a Montana gathering in 1996 he said "I'm not talking about getting rid of anybody here, I've got 5 children myself." He went on to discuss hunger and poverty and ways to address those issues.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2009 Turner met with other business moguls to include <a href="/wiki/Oprah_Winfrey" title="Oprah Winfrey">Oprah Winfrey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Gates" title="Bill Gates">Bill Gates</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Soros" title="George Soros">George Soros</a> and <a href="/wiki/David_Rockefeller" title="David Rockefeller">David Rockefeller</a> to address issues ranging from the environment to healthcare. The group also addressed population growth with discussion of vaccines and immunization efforts being criticized due to the perception that decision making and public policy could be directed by a handful of elites. Although no formal statement was released, the event was covered by Paul Harris for <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversial_comments">Controversial comments</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ted_Turner_with_ex-wife_Jane_Fonda_1992.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Ted_Turner_with_ex-wife_Jane_Fonda_1992.jpg/220px-Ted_Turner_with_ex-wife_Jane_Fonda_1992.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Ted_Turner_with_ex-wife_Jane_Fonda_1992.jpg/330px-Ted_Turner_with_ex-wife_Jane_Fonda_1992.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Ted_Turner_with_ex-wife_Jane_Fonda_1992.jpg/440px-Ted_Turner_with_ex-wife_Jane_Fonda_1992.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1175" data-file-height="782" /></a><figcaption>With wife <a href="/wiki/Jane_Fonda" title="Jane Fonda">Jane Fonda</a> in 1992</figcaption></figure> <p>Turner once called observers of <a href="/wiki/Ash_Wednesday" title="Ash Wednesday">Ash Wednesday</a> "<a href="/wiki/Jesus_freak" title="Jesus freak">Jesus freaks</a>", though he apologized,<sup id="cite_ref-Timeschristians_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Timeschristians-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and dubbed opponents of <a href="/wiki/Abortion" title="Abortion">abortion</a> "<a href="/wiki/Bozo_the_Clown" title="Bozo the Clown">bozos</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-Timeschristians_81-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Timeschristians-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1999, Turner made a joke about <a href="/wiki/Polish_joke" title="Polish joke">Polish mine detectors</a> when asked about <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a>. After a harsh response from the Polish deputy foreign minister <a href="/wiki/Radek_Sikorski" class="mw-redirect" title="Radek Sikorski">Radek Sikorski</a>, Turner apologized.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2002, Turner accused <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> of terror: "The <a href="/wiki/Palestinians" title="Palestinians">Palestinians</a> are fighting with human <a href="/wiki/Suicide_attack" title="Suicide attack">suicide bombers</a>, that's all they have. The Israelis ... they've got one of the most powerful military machines in the world. The Palestinians have nothing. So who are the terrorists? I would make a case that both sides are involved in terrorism." He apologized for that and the remarks in 2011 about the <a href="/wiki/Hijackers_in_the_September_11_attacks" title="Hijackers in the September 11 attacks">9/11 hijackers</a>, but also defended himself: "Look, I'm a very good thinker, but I sometimes grab the wrong word ... I mean, I don't type my speeches, then sit up there and read them off the teleprompter, you know. I wing it."<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Also in 2008, Turner asserted on <a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Rose" title="Charlie Rose">Charlie Rose</a> television program that if steps are not taken to address <a href="/wiki/Global_warming" class="mw-redirect" title="Global warming">global warming</a>, most people would die and "the rest of us will be <a href="/wiki/Human_cannibalism" title="Human cannibalism">cannibals</a>". Turner also said in the interview that he advocated Americans having no more than two children. In 2010, he stated that China's <a href="/wiki/One-child_policy" title="One-child policy">one-child policy</a> should be implemented.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Turner_Enterprises">Turner Enterprises</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Luckie_St._Solar_Panels.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Luckie_St._Solar_Panels.jpg/220px-Luckie_St._Solar_Panels.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Luckie_St._Solar_Panels.jpg/330px-Luckie_St._Solar_Panels.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Luckie_St._Solar_Panels.jpg/440px-Luckie_St._Solar_Panels.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Turner Building Solar Array</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Turner Enterprises, Inc.</b> (TEI) is a private American company that was founded in 1976 and manages the business interests, land holdings and investments of Ted Turner,<sup id="cite_ref-auto_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including the oversight of Turner's 24 properties across the United States and Argentina. At two million acres of personal and ranch land, Turner is the second-largest landowner in North America.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He owned 19 ranches – 16 in the western U.S. and three in Argentina.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_86-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In January 2016, the <a href="/wiki/Osage_Nation" title="Osage Nation">Osage Nation</a> bought Turner's 43,000 acre (170 km<sup>2</sup>) Bluestem Ranch in <a href="/wiki/Osage_County,_Oklahoma" title="Osage County, Oklahoma">Osage County, Oklahoma</a>. Turner had purchased the property in 2001 primarily to raise bison.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Through Turner Enterprises, he owns ranches in <a href="/wiki/Colorado" title="Colorado">Colorado</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montana" title="Montana">Montana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nebraska" title="Nebraska">Nebraska</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a>, and <a href="/wiki/South_Dakota" title="South Dakota">South Dakota</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-tturner_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tturner-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-enterprises1_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-enterprises1-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Totaling 1,910,585 acres (7,731.86 km<sup>2</sup>), his land-holdings across America make Turner one of the largest individual landowners in North America (by acreage).<sup id="cite_ref-enterprises1_88-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-enterprises1-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>TEI ranches are primarily used for bison ranching. His bison herd is present on 15, and at approximately 51,000 is the largest private herd in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_86-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company's mission statement is "To manage Turner lands in an economically sustainable and ecologically sensitive manner while promoting the conservation of native species."<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_86-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other important wildlife species on the property include whitetail deer, wild turkey and bobwhite quail.<sup id="cite_ref-Morgan_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morgan-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to bison ranching, TEI ranches are also used for commercial fishing and hunting, as well as limited sustainable timber harvesting, as well as eco-tourism on the New Mexico ranches.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_86-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His biggest ranch is <a href="/wiki/Vermejo_Park_Ranch" title="Vermejo Park Ranch">Vermejo Park Ranch</a> in New Mexico. At 920 square miles (2,400 km<sup>2</sup>), it is the largest privately owned, contiguous tract of land in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>TEI works closely with Turner's philanthropic and charitable interests, including the founding and ongoing operations of the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Foundation" title="United Nations Foundation">United Nations Foundation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_Threat_Initiative" title="Nuclear Threat Initiative">Nuclear Threat Initiative</a>, Turner Foundation,<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Planet Foundation],<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Turner Endangered Species Fund.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_85-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Turner Enterprises is headquartered in the Turner Building (formerly the <a href="/wiki/Bona_Allen_Office_Building" class="mw-redirect" title="Bona Allen Office Building">Bona Allen Office Building</a>) in <a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta, Georgia</a>, also home to the <a href="/wiki/Ted%27s_Montana_Grill" title="Ted's Montana Grill">Ted's Montana Grill</a> restaurant chain, Ted Turner Reserves<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Turner Renewable Energy.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2011, Ted Turner and TEI completed construction of a 25-panel solar array in the company's parking lot, which provides solar power to the Turner Building and its businesses<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chaired by Turner, TEI's executive leadership also includes CEO & President S. Taylor Glover.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ted_Turner_and_Jane_Fonda.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Ted_Turner_and_Jane_Fonda.jpg/220px-Ted_Turner_and_Jane_Fonda.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Ted_Turner_and_Jane_Fonda.jpg/330px-Ted_Turner_and_Jane_Fonda.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Ted_Turner_and_Jane_Fonda.jpg/440px-Ted_Turner_and_Jane_Fonda.jpg 2x" data-file-width="946" data-file-height="715" /></a><figcaption>Turner and his third wife, <a href="/wiki/Jane_Fonda" title="Jane Fonda">Jane Fonda</a>, in Washington, D.C., 2002</figcaption></figure> <p>Turner has been married and divorced three times: to Judy Nye (1960–1964), Jane Shirley Smith (1965–1988), and actress <a href="/wiki/Jane_Fonda" title="Jane Fonda">Jane Fonda</a> (1991–2001). He has five children.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a television interview with <a href="/wiki/Piers_Morgan" title="Piers Morgan">Piers Morgan</a> on May 3, 2012, Turner said he had four girlfriends, which he acknowledged was complicated but nonetheless easier than being married.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of Turner's children, Robert Edward "Teddy" Turner IV, announced on January 23, 2013, that he intended to run in the <a href="/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina">South Carolina</a> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> primary for the open Congressional seat vacated by <a href="/wiki/Tim_Scott" title="Tim Scott">Tim Scott</a> who was appointed to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">US Senate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Turner's son came in 4th, receiving 7.90% of the vote.<sup id="cite_ref-GOP_Primary_Results_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GOP_Primary_Results-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2010, Turner joined <a href="/wiki/Warren_Buffett" title="Warren Buffett">Warren Buffett</a>'s and <a href="/wiki/Bill_Gates" title="Bill Gates">Bill Gates</a>'s <a href="/wiki/The_Giving_Pledge" title="The Giving Pledge">The Giving Pledge</a>, vowing to donate the majority of his fortune to charity upon his death.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1993 biography <i>It Ain't As Easy as It Looks</i> by Porter Bibb, Turner discussed his use of <a href="/wiki/Lithium_(medication)" title="Lithium (medication)">lithium</a> and struggles with mental illness. The 1981 biography <i>Lead, Follow or Get Out of the Way</i> by <a href="/wiki/Christian_Williams" title="Christian Williams">Christian Williams</a> chronicles the founding of CNN.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2008, Turner wrote <i><a href="/wiki/Call_Me_Ted" title="Call Me Ted">Call Me Ted</a>,</i> which documents his career and personal life.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In an interview on <i><a href="/wiki/CBS_News_Sunday_Morning" title="CBS News Sunday Morning">CBS Sunday Morning</a></i> in 2018, Turner revealed his diagnosis of <a href="/wiki/Dementia_with_Lewy_bodies" title="Dementia with Lewy bodies">Lewy body dementia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sailing">Sailing</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Ted Turner</div></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ccd4d9;">Sailing career</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Club</th><td class="infobox-data org"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Burgee_of_Savannah_YC.svg/24px-Burgee_of_Savannah_YC.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Burgee_of_Savannah_YC.svg/36px-Burgee_of_Savannah_YC.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Burgee_of_Savannah_YC.svg/48px-Burgee_of_Savannah_YC.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1772" data-file-height="1063" /></span></span> Savannah Yacht Club</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">College team</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Burgee_of_Brown_University.SVG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Burgee_of_Brown_University.SVG/24px-Burgee_of_Brown_University.SVG.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Burgee_of_Brown_University.SVG/36px-Burgee_of_Brown_University.SVG.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Burgee_of_Brown_University.SVG/48px-Burgee_of_Brown_University.SVG.png 2x" data-file-width="1772" data-file-height="1064" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Brown_Bears_sailing" title="Brown Bears sailing">Brown University</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ccd4d9;;"><div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%"> <div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="line-height:1.6em; background-color:#ccf; font-size:105%; background-color:transparent;"><div style="margin:0 4em;">Medal record</div></div> <div class="mw-collapsible-content" style="font-size:105%"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151960987">body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox table{display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox caption{display:table-caption}</style> <table class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; background-color:#f9f9f9; color:#000000; font-weight:normal"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0"> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;background-color:#eeeeee;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Sailing_(sport)" title="Sailing (sport)">Sailing</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;background-color:#eeeeee;color:inherit;" class="adr">Representing <span class="country-name"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 2x" data-file-width="69" data-file-height="39" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></span> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;background-color:#cccccc;color:inherit;"><span class="nowrap">World Championships</span> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Gold medal – first place"><img alt="Gold medal – first place" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/16px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/24px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg/32px-Gold_medal_icon_%28G_initial%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span class="nowrap">1971 Seawanhaka</span></td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/5.5_Metre_World_Championships" class="mw-redirect" title="5.5 Metre World Championships">5.5m</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Silver medal – second place"><img alt="Silver medal – second place" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Silver_medal_icon_%28S_initial%29.svg/16px-Silver_medal_icon_%28S_initial%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Silver_medal_icon_%28S_initial%29.svg/24px-Silver_medal_icon_%28S_initial%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Silver_medal_icon_%28S_initial%29.svg/32px-Silver_medal_icon_%28S_initial%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span class="nowrap">1970 Sydney</span></td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/5.5_Metre_World_Championships" class="mw-redirect" title="5.5 Metre World Championships">5.5m</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Silver medal – second place"><img alt="Silver medal – second place" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Silver_medal_icon_%28S_initial%29.svg/16px-Silver_medal_icon_%28S_initial%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Silver_medal_icon_%28S_initial%29.svg/24px-Silver_medal_icon_%28S_initial%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Silver_medal_icon_%28S_initial%29.svg/32px-Silver_medal_icon_%28S_initial%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span class="nowrap">1972 Geneva</span></td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/5.5_Metre_World_Championships" class="mw-redirect" title="5.5 Metre World Championships">5.5m</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Silver medal – second place"><img alt="Silver medal – second place" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Silver_medal_icon_%28S_initial%29.svg/16px-Silver_medal_icon_%28S_initial%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Silver_medal_icon_%28S_initial%29.svg/24px-Silver_medal_icon_%28S_initial%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Silver_medal_icon_%28S_initial%29.svg/32px-Silver_medal_icon_%28S_initial%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span></td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span class="nowrap">1976 Hankø</span></td> <td style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/5.5_Metre_World_Championships" class="mw-redirect" title="5.5 Metre World Championships">5.5m</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div></th></tr></tbody></table> <p>When Turner was 26, he entered sailing competitions at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Savannah_Yacht_Club&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Savannah Yacht Club (page does not exist)">Savannah Yacht Club</a> and competed in Olympic trials in 1964.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He first attempted to win the <a href="/wiki/America%27s_Cup" title="America's Cup">America's Cup</a> in <a href="/wiki/1974_America%27s_Cup" title="1974 America's Cup">1974</a>, in a losing attempt at the defender's trials, aboard <i>Mariner</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-NBCSN-AC-Courageous_107-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NBCSN-AC-Courageous-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He appeared on the cover of <i><a href="/wiki/Sports_Illustrated" title="Sports Illustrated">Sports Illustrated</a></i> on July 4, 1977,<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> after being chosen to lead the <a href="/wiki/1977_America%27s_Cup" title="1977 America's Cup">1977 America's Cup</a> defense as <a href="/wiki/Sea_captain#Skipper" title="Sea captain">skipper</a> of the yacht <i><a href="/wiki/Courageous_(yacht)" title="Courageous (yacht)">Courageous</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He had been asked to join the America's Cup defense group formed by Lee Loomis and <a href="/wiki/Ted_Hood" title="Ted Hood">Ted Hood</a>. That group had Courageous and planned to build another yacht, Independence, to be designed and sailed by Hood. But Courageous proved to be the faster boat.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On September 18, 1977, he successfully defended the <a href="/wiki/America%27s_Cup" title="America's Cup">America's Cup</a>, defeating Australia 4–0.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was inducted into the <a href="/wiki/America%27s_Cup_Hall_of_Fame" title="America's Cup Hall of Fame">America's Cup Hall of Fame</a> in 1993,<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/National_Sailing_Hall_of_Fame" title="National Sailing Hall of Fame">National Sailing Hall of Fame</a> in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/1979_Fastnet_Race" title="1979 Fastnet Race">1979 Fastnet Race</a>, in a storm that killed 15 participants, he skippered the <a href="/wiki/Sparkman_%26_Stephens" title="Sparkman & Stephens">S&S</a>-designed<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 61-footer <i>Tenacious</i> to a corrected-time victory.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ted_Turner.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Ted_Turner.jpg/220px-Ted_Turner.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Ted_Turner.jpg/330px-Ted_Turner.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Ted_Turner.jpg/440px-Ted_Turner.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1560" data-file-height="2079" /></a><figcaption>Turner in 1999</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LBJ_Foundation_DIG13755-4096_(18716136865).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/LBJ_Foundation_DIG13755-4096_%2818716136865%29.jpg/220px-LBJ_Foundation_DIG13755-4096_%2818716136865%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/LBJ_Foundation_DIG13755-4096_%2818716136865%29.jpg/330px-LBJ_Foundation_DIG13755-4096_%2818716136865%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/LBJ_Foundation_DIG13755-4096_%2818716136865%29.jpg/440px-LBJ_Foundation_DIG13755-4096_%2818716136865%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2667" /></a><figcaption>The LBJ Foundation honors entrepreneur and philanthropist Ted Turner with the 2015 Lady Bird Johnson Environmental Award at the <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_Baines_Johnson_Library_and_Museum" title="Lyndon Baines Johnson Library and Museum">LBJ Presidential Library</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Turner has been regarded as one of the entrepreneurs who transformed the cable industry and being referred to as "Alexander the Great of broadcasting":<sup id="cite_ref-slate.com_116-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-slate.com-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote><p>While Turner has been described as a "valiant liberator" and cast the networks as oppressive scoundrels, in content his programming fell short of inspiring. His network was built on sitcom reruns, old movies, cartoons, and Atlanta Braves games. He found an audience for classics of a bygone time, along with slightly down-market content like professional wrestling. Nonetheless, he would find glorious terms even for retreads and junk, claiming to be pulling America back to television's golden age: "I want to get it back to the principles" he once said, "that made us good." Nostalgic, Manichean, and boot-strappy: like programmer, like programming<sup id="cite_ref-slate.com_116-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-slate.com-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <blockquote><p>The cable industry boomed in the late 1970s and early 1980s, as nearly a dozen cable networks launched based on the Turner model. They include much of what we now consider the staples of cable TV, including <a href="/wiki/ESPN" title="ESPN">ESPN</a>, <a href="/wiki/MTV" title="MTV">MTV</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bravo_(American_TV_network)" title="Bravo (American TV network)">Bravo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Showtime_(TV_network)" title="Showtime (TV network)">Showtime</a>, <a href="/wiki/BET" title="BET">BET</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Discovery_Channel" title="Discovery Channel">Discovery Channel</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/The_Weather_Channel" title="The Weather Channel">Weather Channel</a>. Those are the better-known channels only by virtue of having survived; others, such as ARTS, CBS Cable, and the Satellite News Channel, folded or were acquired by other companies<sup id="cite_ref-slate.com_116-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-slate.com-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Bob Hope, who is co-owner and president of Hope-Beckham, an independent agency based in Atlanta that previously worked for Turner in his networks, has described that "Ted Turner was special. His vision and his determination and his unwillingness to quit were infectious. He was willing to start small and had the persistence and patience to make his ideas grow".<sup id="cite_ref-bizjournals.com_117-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bizjournals.com-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hope also further reiterated that "In some ways, he was outrageous, but in most ways he was remarkable. He had great passion for doing what was right for the world. He stated his dream of using communication to bring peace, to tell both sides of any story, that 'one man's terrorist is another man’s freedom fighter.' If he could get people to understand each other, there would be no wars. His vision was bold and infectious. His Goodwill Games, his creation of the <a href="/wiki/UN_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="UN Foundation">UN Foundation</a>, and his approach to news on the original CNN were passions for peace".<sup id="cite_ref-bizjournals.com_117-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bizjournals.com-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Professional wrestling promoter and former Senior Vice President of <a href="/wiki/World_Championship_Wrestling" title="World Championship Wrestling">WCW</a> second in charge after Turner, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Bischoff" title="Eric Bischoff">Eric Bischoff</a> praised Turner claiming "He was an inspirational leader, he was a risk taker, he appreciated people who took risks, he was not afraid of failure while most people are. Ted was not afraid to fail, he was more afraid of not trying and not conquering that next horizon.”<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On June 24, 1999, <a href="/wiki/Vince_McMahon" title="Vince McMahon">Vince McMahon</a> stated on <i><a href="/wiki/Late_Night_with_Conan_O%27Brien" title="Late Night with Conan O'Brien">Late Night with Conan O'Brien</a></i>: "All I'll say about Ted is he's a son-of-a-bitch, other than that, he's probably not a bad guy, but I don't like him at all".<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later in 2021, when asked about the upstart <a href="/wiki/All_Elite_Wrestling" title="All Elite Wrestling">AEW</a> in comparison to Turner's WCW, McMahon dismissed AEW, stating that "it certainly is not a situation where 'rising tides' because that was when Ted Turner was coming after us with all of Time Warner's assets as well".<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2010 Turner was named a Georgia Trustee, an honor given by the <a href="/wiki/Georgia_Historical_Society" title="Georgia Historical Society">Georgia Historical Society</a>, in conjunction with the Governor of Georgia, to individuals whose accomplishments and community service reflect the ideals of the founding body of Trustees, which governed the Georgia colony from 1732 to 1752. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://unfoundation.org/">"United Nations Foundation | Helping the UN build a better world"</a>. <i>Unfoundation.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 21,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Unfoundation.org&rft.atitle=United+Nations+Foundation+%26%23124%3B+Helping+the+UN+build+a+better+world.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Funfoundation.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bibb5556-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bibb5556_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bibb5556_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPorter_Bibb1996" class="citation book cs1">Porter Bibb (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/reader/155566203X"><i>Ted Turner: It Ain't as Easy as It Looks: The Amazing Story of CNN</i></a>. Virgin Books. pp. 55–56. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-86369-892-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-86369-892-1"><bdi>0-86369-892-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ted+Turner%3A+It+Ain%27t+as+Easy+as+It+Looks%3A+The+Amazing+Story+of+CNN&rft.pages=55-56&rft.pub=Virgin+Books&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-86369-892-1&rft.au=Porter+Bibb&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2Fgp%2Freader%2F155566203X&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPorter_Bibb1996" class="citation book cs1">Porter Bibb (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/reader/155566203X"><i>Ted Turner: It Ain't As Easy as It Looks: The Amazing Story of CNN</i></a>. Virgin Books. pp. 138, 272, 283, 442. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-86369-892-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-86369-892-1"><bdi>0-86369-892-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ted+Turner%3A+It+Ain%27t+As+Easy+as+It+Looks%3A+The+Amazing+Story+of+CNN&rft.pages=138%2C+272%2C+283%2C+442&rft.pub=Virgin+Books&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-86369-892-1&rft.au=Porter+Bibb&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2Fgp%2Freader%2F155566203X&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKoepp2005" class="citation magazine cs1">Koepp, Stephen (April 12, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101029182734/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1048325,00.html">"Captain Outrageous Opens Fire"</a>. <i>Time</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1048325,00.html">the original</a> on October 29, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Captain+Outrageous+Opens+Fire&rft.date=2005-04-12&rft.aulast=Koepp&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C1048325%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDoyle2007" class="citation news cs1">Doyle, Leonard (December 1, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090517015046/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/turner-becomes-largest-private-landowner-in-us-761711.html">"Turner becomes largest private landowner in US – Americas, World"</a>. <i>The Independent</i>. London. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/turner-becomes-largest-private-landowner-in-us-761711.html">the original</a> on May 17, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 29,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Turner+becomes+largest+private+landowner+in+US+%E2%80%93+Americas%2C+World&rft.date=2007-12-01&rft.aulast=Doyle&rft.aufirst=Leonard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Famericas%2Fturner-becomes-largest-private-landowner-in-us-761711.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeelye2011" class="citation news cs1">Seelye, Katharine Q. (January 28, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/29/us/29land.html">"For Land Barons, Acres by the Millions"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=For+Land+Barons%2C+Acres+by+the+Millions&rft.date=2011-01-28&rft.aulast=Seelye&rft.aufirst=Katharine+Q.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F01%2F29%2Fus%2F29land.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEve_M._Kahn1991" class="citation news cs1">Eve M. Kahn (March 3, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/03/03/arts/television-cartoons-for-a-small-planet.html">"Television; Cartoons for a Small Planet"</a>. <i>New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 9,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Television%3B+Cartoons+for+a+Small+Planet&rft.date=1991-03-03&rft.au=Eve+M.+Kahn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F03%2F03%2Farts%2Ftelevision-cartoons-for-a-small-planet.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEncyclopædia_Britannica" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Encyclopædia Britannica. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9073872/Ted-Turner">"Ted Turner – Britannica Online Encyclopedia"</a>. <i>Britannica.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ted+Turner+%E2%80%93+Britannica+Online+Encyclopedia&rft.btitle=Britannica.com&rft.au=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Feb%2Farticle-9073872%2FTed-Turner&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.filmreference.com/film/19/Ted-Turner.html">"Ted Turner Biography (1938–)"</a>. Film Reference<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ted+Turner+Biography+%281938%E2%80%93%29&rft.pub=Film+Reference&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.filmreference.com%2Ffilm%2F19%2FTed-Turner.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IaMPCgAAQBAJ&q=episcopal"><i>Ted Turner: A Biography: A Biography</i></a>. Abc-Clio. 2009. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780313350436" title="Special:BookSources/9780313350436"><bdi>9780313350436</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ted+Turner%3A+A+Biography%3A+A+Biography&rft.pub=Abc-Clio&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9780313350436&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIaMPCgAAQBAJ%26q%3Depiscopal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120727162316/http://www.lettersofnote.com/2012/07/this-is-my-son-he-speaks-greek.html">"This is my son. He speaks Greek"</a>. Lettersofnote. July 25, 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lettersofnote.com/2012/07/this-is-my-son-he-speaks-greek.html">the original</a> on July 27, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 26,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=This+is+my+son.+He+speaks+Greek&rft.pub=Lettersofnote&rft.date=2012-07-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lettersofnote.com%2F2012%2F07%2Fthis-is-my-son-he-speaks-greek.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPorter_Bibb1996" class="citation book cs1">Porter Bibb (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/reader/155566203X"><i>Ted Turner: It Ain't As Easy as It Looks: The Amazing Story of CNN</i></a>. Virgin Books. pp. 26–33. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-86369-892-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-86369-892-1"><bdi>0-86369-892-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ted+Turner%3A+It+Ain%27t+As+Easy+as+It+Looks%3A+The+Amazing+Story+of+CNN&rft.pages=26-33&rft.pub=Virgin+Books&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-86369-892-1&rft.au=Porter+Bibb&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2Fgp%2Freader%2F155566203X&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USCG-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-USCG_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/reliable-source/wp/2013/09/19/ted-turner-billionaire-humbled-by-lone-sailor-prize-for-long-ago-coast-guard-stint/">"Ted Turner, swaggering billionaire humbled by 'Lone Sailor' prize for long-ago Coast Guard stint"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. September 19, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Ted+Turner%2C+swaggering+billionaire+humbled+by+%27Lone+Sailor%27+prize+for+long-ago+Coast+Guard+stint&rft.date=2013-09-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnews%2Freliable-source%2Fwp%2F2013%2F09%2F19%2Fted-turner-billionaire-humbled-by-lone-sailor-prize-for-long-ago-coast-guard-stint%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBibb1993" class="citation book cs1">Bibb, Porter (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BaWaAAAAIAAJ&q=%22discovered+his+father%22"><i>It Ain't as Easy as it Looks: Ted Turner's Amazing Story</i></a>. Crown Publishers. p. 52. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-517-59322-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-517-59322-6"><bdi>978-0-517-59322-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=It+Ain%27t+as+Easy+as+it+Looks%3A+Ted+Turner%27s+Amazing+Story&rft.pages=52&rft.pub=Crown+Publishers&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-517-59322-6&rft.aulast=Bibb&rft.aufirst=Porter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBaWaAAAAIAAJ%26q%3D%2522discovered%2Bhis%2Bfather%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Connor2009" class="citation book cs1">O'Connor, Michael (2009). "5". <i>Ted Turner: A Biography</i>. ABC-CLIO. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-35043-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-35043-6"><bdi>978-0-313-35043-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=5&rft.btitle=Ted+Turner%3A+A+Biography&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-313-35043-6&rft.aulast=O%27Connor&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1">"Merger is proposed by Rice, Turner". <i>Broadcasting</i>. Broadcasting Publications, Inc. July 14, 1969.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Broadcasting&rft.atitle=Merger+is+proposed+by+Rice%2C+Turner&rft.date=1969-07-14&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1">"For the Record". <i>Broadcasting</i>. Broadcasting Publications, Inc. April 13, 1970.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Broadcasting&rft.atitle=For+the+Record&rft.date=1970-04-13&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Saporta-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Saporta_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://saportareport.com/bill-tushs-30-year-tv-career-began-the-lucky-moment-he-stopped-by-channel-17-for-a-job/archived-columnists/chris-schroder/adminmegan/">"Bill Tush's 30-year TV career began the lucky moment he stopped by Channel 17 for a job"</a>. <i>Saporta Report</i>. saportareport.com. May 21, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 19,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Saporta+Report&rft.atitle=Bill+Tush%27s+30-year+TV+career+began+the+lucky+moment+he+stopped+by+Channel+17+for+a+job&rft.date=2012-05-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsaportareport.com%2Fbill-tushs-30-year-tv-career-began-the-lucky-moment-he-stopped-by-channel-17-for-a-job%2Farchived-columnists%2Fchris-schroder%2Fadminmegan%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1">"Program Briefs: Hawks roost beside Braves". <i>Broadcasting</i>. Broadcasting Publications, Inc. October 16, 1972.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Broadcasting&rft.atitle=Program+Briefs%3A+Hawks+roost+beside+Braves&rft.date=1972-10-16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Ted Turner." <i>Encyclopedia of World Biography</i>, 2nd ed., vol. 15, Gale, 2004, pp. 355–357.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEndicott1993" class="citation book cs1">Endicott, Eve (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rFDTnLS_KCwC&q=ted+turner+5000+acre+plantation&pg=PA96"><i>Land Conservation Through Public/Private Partnerships</i></a>. Island Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61091-349-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61091-349-2"><bdi>978-1-61091-349-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Land+Conservation+Through+Public%2FPrivate+Partnerships&rft.pub=Island+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-1-61091-349-2&rft.aulast=Endicott&rft.aufirst=Eve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrFDTnLS_KCwC%26q%3Dted%2Bturner%2B5000%2Bacre%2Bplantation%26pg%3DPA96&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Yachtsman Turner Purchases Braves". <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. January 7, 1976.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Yachtsman+Turner+Purchases+Braves&rft.date=1976-01-07&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHart2004" class="citation web cs1">Hart, Micah (November 30, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nba.com/hawks/news/hawks-raise-banner-honor-turner">"Hawks Raise Banner To Honor Turner"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/National_Basketball_Association" title="National Basketball Association">NBA.com</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NBA.com&rft.atitle=Hawks+Raise+Banner+To+Honor+Turner&rft.date=2004-11-30&rft.aulast=Hart&rft.aufirst=Micah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nba.com%2Fhawks%2Fnews%2Fhawks-raise-banner-honor-turner&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBagbey2009" class="citation web cs1">Bagbey, Jordan (December 16, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bleacherreport.com/articles/309493-call-me-the-owner-why-the-braves-need-ted-turner-back">"Call Me Owner: Why the Braves Need Ted Turner Back"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bleacher_Report" title="Bleacher Report">Bleacher Report</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bleacher+Report&rft.atitle=Call+Me+Owner%3A+Why+the+Braves+Need+Ted+Turner+Back&rft.date=2009-12-16&rft.aulast=Bagbey&rft.aufirst=Jordan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbleacherreport.com%2Farticles%2F309493-call-me-the-owner-why-the-braves-need-ted-turner-back&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGary_Caruso2008" class="citation news cs1">Gary Caruso (March 20, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20080320&content_id=2446061&vkey=news_atl&fext=.jsp&c_id=atl">"Messersmith: The game's first free agent"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/MLB.com" title="MLB.com">MLB.com</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MLB.com&rft.atitle=Messersmith%3A+The+game%27s+first+free+agent&rft.date=2008-03-20&rft.au=Gary+Caruso&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmlb.mlb.com%2Fnews%2Farticle.jsp%3Fymd%3D20080320%26content_id%3D2446061%26vkey%3Dnews_atl%26fext%3D.jsp%26c_id%3Datl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPerry2011" class="citation web cs1">Perry, Jonathan (April 8, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.boston.com/ae/music/articles/2011/04/08/wmbr_fm_celebrates_50_years_on_the_air/">"Tune in, turn on..."</a> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Boston_Globe" title="The Boston Globe">The Boston Globe</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Tune+in%2C+turn+on...&rft.date=2011-04-08&rft.aulast=Perry&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.boston.com%2Fae%2Fmusic%2Farticles%2F2011%2F04%2F08%2Fwmbr_fm_celebrates_50_years_on_the_air%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Burton, Paul. "Turner, Ted." <i>Notable Sports Figures</i>, edited by Dana R. Barnes, vol. 4, Gale, 2004, pp. 1651–1653.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://olympics.com/ioc/news/centennial-olympic-stadium">"Centennial Olympic Stadium"</a>. <i>olympics.com</i>. January 3, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 11,</span> 2024</span>. <q>Renamed Turner Field – after Ted Turner, the founder of Cable News Network (CNN) whose global headquarters are in the city – the stadium has hosted Major League Baseball (MLB) for almost 20 years.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=olympics.com&rft.atitle=Centennial+Olympic+Stadium&rft.date=2024-01-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Folympics.com%2Fioc%2Fnews%2Fcentennial-olympic-stadium&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Barkin-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Barkin_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barkin_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barkin_29-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barkin_29-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barkin_29-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Barkin_29-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarkin2016" class="citation book cs1">Barkin, Steve M. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yIJ80AkyQdsC&q=kellner&pg=PA1"><i>American Television News: The Media Marketplace and the Public Interest: The Media Marketplace and the Public Interest</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781315290911" title="Special:BookSources/9781315290911"><bdi>9781315290911</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Television+News%3A+The+Media+Marketplace+and+the+Public+Interest%3A+The+Media+Marketplace+and+the+Public+Interest&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9781315290911&rft.aulast=Barkin&rft.aufirst=Steve+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyIJ80AkyQdsC%26q%3Dkellner%26pg%3DPA1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wp-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wp_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWiseman2011" class="citation news cs1">Wiseman, Lauren (May 10, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/burt-reinhardt-dies-at-91-newsman-helped-launch-cnn/2011/04/14/AFMd9mkG_story.html">"Burt Reinhardt dies at 91: Newsman helped launch CNN"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Washington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Post">Washington Post</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 19,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Burt+Reinhardt+dies+at+91%3A+Newsman+helped+launch+CNN&rft.date=2011-05-10&rft.aulast=Wiseman&rft.aufirst=Lauren&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flocal%2Fobituaries%2Fburt-reinhardt-dies-at-91-newsman-helped-launch-cnn%2F2011%2F04%2F14%2FAFMd9mkG_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.avclub.com/cnn-s-doomsday-video-leaks-to-the-internet-1798275220">"CNN's doomsday video leaks to the Internet"</a>. <i>News</i>. January 5, 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200215184548/https://news.avclub.com/cnn-s-doomsday-video-leaks-to-the-internet-1798275220">Archived</a> from the original on February 15, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 15,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=News&rft.atitle=CNN%27s+doomsday+video+leaks+to+the+Internet&rft.date=2015-01-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.avclub.com%2Fcnn-s-doomsday-video-leaks-to-the-internet-1798275220&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1982/01/01/business/faberge-sells-brut-s-assets.html">"Faberge Sells Brut's Assets"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. January 1982<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 27,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Faberge+Sells+Brut%27s+Assets&rft.date=1982-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1982%2F01%2F01%2Fbusiness%2Ffaberge-sells-brut-s-assets.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MGM-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MGM_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MGM_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFabrikant1985" class="citation web cs1">Fabrikant, Geraldine (August 8, 1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1985/08/08/business/turner-acquiring-mgm-movie-empire.html">"Turner Acquiring MGM Movie Empire"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Turner+Acquiring+MGM+Movie+Empire&rft.date=1985-08-08&rft.aulast=Fabrikant&rft.aufirst=Geraldine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1985%2F08%2F08%2Fbusiness%2Fturner-acquiring-mgm-movie-empire.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ymrt-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ymrt_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>You Must Remember This: The Warner Bros. Story,</i> (2008) p. 255.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.orlandosentinel.com/1986/08/27/turner-united-artists-close-deal/">"Turner, United Artists Close Deal"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Orlando_Sentinel" title="Orlando Sentinel">Orlando Sentinel</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/United_Press_International" title="United Press International">United Press International</a>. August 27, 1986. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130921055612/http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1986-08-27/business/0250090069_1_united-artists-turner-mgm">Archived</a> from the original on September 21, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Orlando+Sentinel&rft.atitle=Turner%2C+United+Artists+Close+Deal&rft.date=1986-08-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.orlandosentinel.com%2F1986%2F08%2F27%2Fturner-united-artists-close-deal%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVoland1986" class="citation web cs1">Voland, John (October 23, 1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-10-23-ca-6941-story.html">"Turner Defends Move to Colorize Films"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Turner+Defends+Move+to+Colorize+Films&rft.date=1986-10-23&rft.aulast=Voland&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1986-10-23-ca-6941-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEbert1988" class="citation web cs1">Ebert, Roger (October 30, 1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rogerebert.com/interviews/casablanca-gets-colorized-but-dont-play-it-again-ted">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Casablanca' gets colorized, but don't play it again, Ted"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/RogerEbert.com" title="RogerEbert.com">RogerEbert.com</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RogerEbert.com&rft.atitle=%27Casablanca%27+gets+colorized%2C+but+don%27t+play+it+again%2C+Ted&rft.date=1988-10-30&rft.aulast=Ebert&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rogerebert.com%2Finterviews%2Fcasablanca-gets-colorized-but-dont-play-it-again-ted&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLiebenson2019" class="citation web cs1">Liebenson, Donald (December 11, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2019/12/national-film-registry-spike-lee-claudia-weill">"Spike Lee Gets His Fourth Film on the National Film Registry: 'Sometimes Dreams Come True'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(magazine)" title="Vanity Fair (magazine)">Vanity Fair</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vanity+Fair&rft.atitle=Spike+Lee+Gets+His+Fourth+Film+on+the+National+Film+Registry%3A+%27Sometimes+Dreams+Come+True%27&rft.date=2019-12-11&rft.aulast=Liebenson&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vanityfair.com%2Fhollywood%2F2019%2F12%2Fnational-film-registry-spike-lee-claudia-weill&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurgett2011" class="citation web cs1">Burgett, Joe (March 11, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bleacherreport.com/articles/632761-wcw-how-it-died-and-how-wwe-and-vince-mcmahon-made-sure-it-never-rose-again">"WCW: How It Died, and How WWE and Vince McMahon Made Sure It Never Rose Again"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bleacher_Report" title="Bleacher Report">Bleacher Report</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bleacher+Report&rft.atitle=WCW%3A+How+It+Died%2C+and+How+WWE+and+Vince+McMahon+Made+Sure+It+Never+Rose+Again&rft.date=2011-03-11&rft.aulast=Burgett&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbleacherreport.com%2Farticles%2F632761-wcw-how-it-died-and-how-wwe-and-vince-mcmahon-made-sure-it-never-rose-again&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTuttonBrownBresnahan2019" class="citation web cs1">Tutton, Mark; Brown, Holly; Bresnahan, Samantha (November 29, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2019/09/27/world/ted-turner-captain-planet-intl/index.html">"Is Ted Turner the real Captain Planet?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Is+Ted+Turner+the+real+Captain+Planet%3F&rft.date=2019-11-29&rft.aulast=Tutton&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.au=Brown%2C+Holly&rft.au=Bresnahan%2C+Samantha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2019%2F09%2F27%2Fworld%2Fted-turner-captain-planet-intl%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReuters1992" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a> (December 30, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1992/12/30/business/turner-channel-for-moscow.html">"Turner Channel for Moscow"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Turner+Channel+for+Moscow&rft.date=1992-12-30&rft.au=Reuters&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1992%2F12%2F30%2Fbusiness%2Fturner-channel-for-moscow.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|author=</code> has generic name (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_name" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPelline1995" class="citation news cs1">Pelline, Jeff (September 23, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/1995/09/23/MN70161.DTL">"Time Warner Closes Deal for Turner"</a>. <i>San Francisco Chronicle</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=San+Francisco+Chronicle&rft.atitle=Time+Warner+Closes+Deal+for+Turner&rft.date=1995-09-23&rft.aulast=Pelline&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfgate.com%2Fcgi-bin%2Farticle.cgi%3Ff%3D%2Fc%2Fa%2F1995%2F09%2F23%2FMN70161.DTL&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlintBeatty2001" class="citation news cs1">Flint, Joe; Beatty, Sally (March 7, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB983920915516944115">"WB Network Chief Kellner Takes Over Turner Operations at AOL Time Warner"</a>. Wall Street Journalism<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 22,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=WB+Network+Chief+Kellner+Takes+Over+Turner+Operations+at+AOL+Time+Warner&rft.date=2001-03-07&rft.aulast=Flint&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft.au=Beatty%2C+Sally&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB983920915516944115&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tedturnersuccessor-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tedturnersuccessor_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchneider2024" class="citation news cs1">Schneider, Michael (June 22, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2024/tv/news/jamie-kellner-dies-dead-fox-the-wb-obituary-1236044943/">"Jamie Kellner, TV Maverick Who Launched Both Fox and The WB, Dies at 77"</a>. <i>Variety</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 22,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Jamie+Kellner%2C+TV+Maverick+Who+Launched+Both+Fox+and+The+WB%2C+Dies+at+77&rft.date=2024-06-22&rft.aulast=Schneider&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2024%2Ftv%2Fnews%2Fjamie-kellner-dies-dead-fox-the-wb-obituary-1236044943%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLambert2024" class="citation news cs1">Lambert, Jeremy (June 22, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fightful.com/wrestling/former-head-turner-broadcasting-jamie-kellner-passes-away">"Former Head of Turner Broadcasting Jamie Kellner Passes Away"</a>. Fightful<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 22,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Former+Head+of+Turner+Broadcasting+Jamie+Kellner+Passes+Away&rft.date=2024-06-22&rft.aulast=Lambert&rft.aufirst=Jeremy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fightful.com%2Fwrestling%2Fformer-head-turner-broadcasting-jamie-kellner-passes-away&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHofmeister2003" class="citation web cs1">Hofmeister, Sallie (January 30, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2003-jan-30-fi-turner30-story.html">"Ted Turner to Resign AOL Post"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Ted+Turner+to+Resign+AOL+Post&rft.date=2003-01-30&rft.aulast=Hofmeister&rft.aufirst=Sallie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-2003-jan-30-fi-turner30-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAssociated_Press2006" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a> (February 25, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2006/02/25/business/ted-turner-leaving-time-warners-board.html">"Ted Turner Leaving Time Warner's Board"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Ted+Turner+Leaving+Time+Warner%27s+Board&rft.date=2006-02-25&rft.au=Associated+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2006%2F02%2F25%2Fbusiness%2Fted-turner-leaving-time-warners-board.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRossHansen2001" class="citation web cs1">Ross, Patrick; Hansen, Evan (January 11, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.cnet.com/2100-1023-250781.html">"AOL, Time Warner complete merger with FCC blessing"</a>. <i>CNET</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 2,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNET&rft.atitle=AOL%2C+Time+Warner+complete+merger+with+FCC+blessing&rft.date=2001-01-11&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rft.au=Hansen%2C+Evan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.cnet.com%2F2100-1023-250781.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NewYorker2001-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NewYorker2001_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAuletta2001" class="citation magazine cs1">Auletta, Ken (April 23, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2001/04/23/the-lost-tycoon">"The Lost Tycoon"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 24,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Yorker&rft.atitle=The+Lost+Tycoon&rft.date=2001-04-23&rft.aulast=Auletta&rft.aufirst=Ken&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newyorker.com%2Fmagazine%2F2001%2F04%2F23%2Fthe-lost-tycoon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NinaMunk-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NinaMunk_50-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NinaMunk_50-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMunk2002" class="citation web cs1">Munk, Nina (July 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110714183334/http://www.ninamunk.com/documents/PowerFailure.htm">"Power Failure"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Vanity_Fair_(magazine)" title="Vanity Fair (magazine)">Vanity Fair</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ninamunk.com/PowerFailure.php">the original</a> on July 14, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 26,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vanity+Fair&rft.atitle=Power+Failure&rft.date=2002-07&rft.aulast=Munk&rft.aufirst=Nina&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ninamunk.com%2FPowerFailure.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRutenbergStanley2001" class="citation web cs1">Rutenberg, Jim; Stanley, Alessandra (December 16, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2001/12/16/business/at-63-ted-turner-may-yet-roar-again.html">"At 63, Ted Turner May Yet Roar Again"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=At+63%2C+Ted+Turner+May+Yet+Roar+Again&rft.date=2001-12-16&rft.aulast=Rutenberg&rft.aufirst=Jim&rft.au=Stanley%2C+Alessandra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2001%2F12%2F16%2Fbusiness%2Fat-63-ted-turner-may-yet-roar-again.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Turner2008-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Turner2008_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBercovici2008" class="citation web cs1">Bercovici, Jeff (November 11, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081113003314/http://www.portfolio.com/views/blogs/mixed-media/2008/11/11/ted-turner-goes-to-town-on-time-warner">"Ted Turner Goes to Town on Time Warner"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Conde_Nast_Portfolio" class="mw-redirect" title="Conde Nast Portfolio">Conde Nast Portfolio</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.portfolio.com/views/blogs/mixed-media/2008/11/11/ted-turner-goes-to-town-on-time-warner">the original</a> on November 13, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 23,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Conde+Nast+Portfolio&rft.atitle=Ted+Turner+Goes+to+Town+on+Time+Warner&rft.date=2008-11-11&rft.aulast=Bercovici&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.portfolio.com%2Fviews%2Fblogs%2Fmixed-media%2F2008%2F11%2F11%2Fted-turner-goes-to-town-on-time-warner&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLevingston2006" class="citation news cs1">Levingston, Steven (February 25, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/02/24/AR2006022401888.html">"Turner To Leave Time Warner"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Turner+To+Leave+Time+Warner&rft.date=2006-02-25&rft.aulast=Levingston&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2006%2F02%2F24%2FAR2006022401888.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrizell2014" class="citation magazine cs1">Frizell, Sam (August 5, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/3083321/21st-century-fox-time-warner/">"21st Century Fox Withdraws Time Warner Takeover Bid"</a>. <i>Time</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 25,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=21st+Century+Fox+Withdraws+Time+Warner+Takeover+Bid&rft.date=2014-08-05&rft.aulast=Frizell&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftime.com%2F3083321%2F21st-century-fox-time-warner%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaily_Intelligencer2009" class="citation web cs1">Daily Intelligencer (December 23, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2009/12/murdochs_rivalries.html">"Rupert Murdoch and the Art of War"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_(magazine)" title="New York (magazine)">New York</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+York&rft.atitle=Rupert+Murdoch+and+the+Art+of+War&rft.date=2009-12-23&rft.au=Daily+Intelligencer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnymag.com%2Fintelligencer%2F2009%2F12%2Fmurdochs_rivalries.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLandler1996" class="citation web cs1">Landler, Mark (October 5, 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1996/10/05/nyregion/cable-news-feud-has-personal-and-political-roots.html">"Cable News Feud Has Personal and Political Roots"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Cable+News+Feud+Has+Personal+and+Political+Roots&rft.date=1996-10-05&rft.aulast=Landler&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1996%2F10%2F05%2Fnyregion%2Fcable-news-feud-has-personal-and-political-roots.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-turnermurdoch-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-turnermurdoch_57-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/media/2003/apr/25/newscorporation.pressandpublishing">"Turner: Murdoch is a 'warmonger'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. London. April 23, 2003<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 12,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Turner%3A+Murdoch+is+a+%27warmonger%27&rft.date=2003-04-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmedia%2F2003%2Fapr%2F25%2Fnewscorporation.pressandpublishing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEstes2011" class="citation web cs1">Estes, Adam Clark (September 20, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2011/09/ted-turner-wants-rupert-murdoch-step-down/337730/">"Ted Turner Still Happy to Spar with Rupert Murdoch"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic">The Atlantic</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Atlantic&rft.atitle=Ted+Turner+Still+Happy+to+Spar+with+Rupert+Murdoch&rft.date=2011-09-20&rft.aulast=Estes&rft.aufirst=Adam+Clark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fbusiness%2Farchive%2F2011%2F09%2Fted-turner-wants-rupert-murdoch-step-down%2F337730%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLittleton2019" class="citation web cs1">Littleton, Cynthia (April 9, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://variety.com/2019/tv/features/ted-turner-interview-cnn-mgm-1203183345/">"Ted Turner: The Maverick Mogul Reflects on His Legacy, Big Deals and Old Feuds"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Variety_(magazine)" title="Variety (magazine)">Variety</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Ted+Turner%3A+The+Maverick+Mogul+Reflects+on+His+Legacy%2C+Big+Deals+and+Old+Feuds&rft.date=2019-04-09&rft.aulast=Littleton&rft.aufirst=Cynthia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2019%2Ftv%2Ffeatures%2Fted-turner-interview-cnn-mgm-1203183345%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChass1977" class="citation web cs1">Chass, Murray (January 3, 1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1977/01/03/archives/kuhn-suspends-turner-braves-owner-for-year-in-matthews-case-turner.html">"Kuhn Suspends Turner, Braves' Owner, for Year in Matthews Case"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Kuhn+Suspends+Turner%2C+Braves%27+Owner%2C+for+Year+in+Matthews+Case&rft.date=1977-01-03&rft.aulast=Chass&rft.aufirst=Murray&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1977%2F01%2F03%2Farchives%2Fkuhn-suspends-turner-braves-owner-for-year-in-matthews-case-turner.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.80sbaseball.com/tag/gary-matthews/">"Horner vs. Turner"</a>. <i>80sbaseball.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 1,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=80sbaseball.com&rft.atitle=Horner+vs.+Turner&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.80sbaseball.com%2Ftag%2Fgary-matthews%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/turnete99.shtml">"Ted Turner Managerial Record"</a>. <i>Baseball Reference</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 17,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Baseball+Reference&rft.atitle=Ted+Turner+Managerial+Record&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.baseball-reference.com%2Fmanagers%2Fturnete99.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHannon1977" class="citation magazine cs1">Hannon, Kent (May 23, 1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130615165546/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1092438/index.htm">"Benched from the Bench"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sports_Illustrated" title="Sports Illustrated">Sports Illustrated</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1092438/index.htm">the original</a> on June 15, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sports+Illustrated&rft.atitle=Benched+from+the+Bench&rft.date=1977-05-23&rft.aulast=Hannon&rft.aufirst=Kent&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsportsillustrated.cnn.com%2Fvault%2Farticle%2Fmagazine%2FMAG1092438%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170818173225/http://m.mlb.com/news/article/1968024//">"Braves sale is approved"</a>. <i>Major League Baseball</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://m.mlb.com/news/article/1968024/">the original</a> on August 18, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 12,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Major+League+Baseball&rft.atitle=Braves+sale+is+approved&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fm.mlb.com%2Fnews%2Farticle%2F1968024%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211016120953/http://stadiumjourney.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Retired-Numbers.jpg">"Atlanta Hawks retired numbers"</a>. <i>Stadiumjourney.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stadiumjourney.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Retired-Numbers.jpg">the original</a> on October 16, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 21,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Stadiumjourney.com&rft.atitle=Atlanta+Hawks+retired+numbers&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstadiumjourney.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2017%2F11%2FRetired-Numbers.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://achievement.org/our-history/golden-plate-awards/#business">"Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement"</a>. <i>Achievement.org</i>. <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Achievement" class="mw-redirect" title="American Academy of Achievement">American Academy of Achievement</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Achievement.org&rft.atitle=Golden+Plate+Awardees+of+the+American+Academy+of+Achievement&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fachievement.org%2Four-history%2Fgolden-plate-awards%2F%23business&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130225052416/http://rtdna.org/content/paul_white_award#.U4FBHS8-Ngc">"Paul White Award"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Radio_Television_Digital_News_Association" title="Radio Television Digital News Association">Radio Television Digital News Association</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rtdna.org/content/paul_white_award#.U4FBHS8-Ngc">the original</a> on February 25, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 27,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Paul+White+Award&rft.pub=Radio+Television+Digital+News+Association&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rtdna.org%2Fcontent%2Fpaul_white_award%23.U4FBHS8-Ngc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArizona_State_University" class="citation web cs1">Arizona State University. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190320212556/https://cronkite.asu.edu/about/walter-cronkite-and-asu/walter-cronkite-award">"Walter Cronkite School of Journalism and Mass Communication"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cronkite.asu.edu/about/walter-cronkite-and-asu/walter-cronkite-award">the original</a> on March 20, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 23,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Walter+Cronkite+School+of+Journalism+and+Mass+Communication&rft.au=Arizona+State+University&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcronkite.asu.edu%2Fabout%2Fwalter-cronkite-and-asu%2Fwalter-cronkite-award&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190503214620/https://murrow.wsu.edu/symposium/the-edward-r-murrow-achievement-award/">"The Edward R. Murrow Lifetime Achievement Award | Murrow Symposium Site | Washington State University"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://murrow.wsu.edu/symposium/the-edward-r-murrow-achievement-award/">the original</a> on May 3, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 29,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Edward+R.+Murrow+Lifetime+Achievement+Award+%7C+Murrow+Symposium+Site+%7C+Washington+State+University&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmurrow.wsu.edu%2Fsymposium%2Fthe-edward-r-murrow-achievement-award%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.audubon.org/audubon-medal-0">"Previous Audubon Medal Awardees"</a>. <i>Audubon</i>. January 9, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Audubon&rft.atitle=Previous+Audubon+Medal+Awardees&rft.date=2015-01-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.audubon.org%2Faudubon-medal-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://georgiahistory.com/about-ghs/the-georgia-trustees/">"The Georgia Trustees: Previous Inductees"</a>. <i>Georgia Historical Society</i>. March 24, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Georgia+Historical+Society&rft.atitle=The+Georgia+Trustees%3A+Previous+Inductees&rft.date=2014-03-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgeorgiahistory.com%2Fabout-ghs%2Fthe-georgia-trustees%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151016214216/http://www.navymemorial.org/lone-sailor-award-recipients">"Lone Sailor Award Recipients"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy_Memorial" title="United States Navy Memorial">navymemorial.org</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.navymemorial.org/lone-sailor-award-recipients">the original</a> on October 16, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 2,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lone+Sailor+Award+Recipients&rft.pub=navymemorial.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.navymemorial.org%2Flone-sailor-award-recipients&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoone2010" class="citation news cs1">Boone, Christian (December 8, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ajc.com/news/local/ted-turner-adopt-china-one-child-policy-save-planet/y7rKRuXh7LrLUc5aMrA95N/">"Ted Turner: Adopt China's one-child policy to save planet"</a>. <i>The Atlanta Journal-Constitution</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 11,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Atlanta+Journal-Constitution&rft.atitle=Ted+Turner%3A+Adopt+China%27s+one-child+policy+to+save+planet&rft.date=2010-12-08&rft.aulast=Boone&rft.aufirst=Christian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ajc.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fted-turner-adopt-china-one-child-policy-save-planet%2Fy7rKRuXh7LrLUc5aMrA95N%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-creativeleadershipsummit.org-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-creativeleadershipsummit.org_74-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.creativeleadershipsummit.org/?q=node/788/">Working Lunch 1: In Conversation with Ted Turner</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160202025536/http://www.creativeleadershipsummit.org/?q=node%2F788%2F">Archived</a> February 2, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." Global Creative Leadership Summit, September 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Stupid Quotes." In <i>The Limbaugh Letter.</i> July 2010. p. 11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171209091526/http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/33358570/ted-turner-endorses-hillary-clinton-for-president">"Ted Turner endorses Hillary Clinton for President"</a>. Fox Carolina. October 10, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.foxcarolina.com/story/33358570/ted-turner-endorses-hillary-clinton-for-president">the original</a> on December 9, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 18,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ted+Turner+endorses+Hillary+Clinton+for+President&rft.date=2016-10-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.foxcarolina.com%2Fstory%2F33358570%2Fted-turner-endorses-hillary-clinton-for-president&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAssociated_Press2018" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a> (September 28, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/f7b33517be064bb3aa50b47305a93e79/CNN-founder-Turner-says-network-is-too-heavy-on-politics">"CNN founder Turner says network is too heavy on politics"</a>. AP News<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CNN+founder+Turner+says+network+is+too+heavy+on+politics&rft.pub=AP+News&rft.date=2018-09-28&rft.au=Associated+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Ff7b33517be064bb3aa50b47305a93e79%2FCNN-founder-Turner-says-network-is-too-heavy-on-politics&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tedturner.com/foundations/turner-foundation/#:~:text=The%20Turner%20Foundation%20(TFI)%2C,to%20curb%20population%20growth%20rates">"Turner Foundation"</a>. Turner Enterprises Inc<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 1,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Turner+Foundation&rft.pub=Turner+Enterprises+Inc.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tedturner.com%2Ffoundations%2Fturner-foundation%2F%23%3A~%3Atext%3DThe%2520Turner%2520Foundation%2520%28TFI%29%252C%2Cto%2520curb%2520population%2520growth%2520rates&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bozemandailychronicle.com/ted-turner-talks-of-overpopulation/article_1043f1be-541e-52eb-8b99-3dadccf02628.html#:~:text=Turner%20said%20he%20also%20put,to%20two%20billion%20or%20less">"Ted Turner talks of overpopulation"</a>. <i>Bozeman Daily Chronicle</i>. September 18, 1996<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 1,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bozeman+Daily+Chronicle&rft.atitle=Ted+Turner+talks+of+overpopulation&rft.date=1996-09-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bozemandailychronicle.com%2Fted-turner-talks-of-overpopulation%2Farticle_1043f1be-541e-52eb-8b99-3dadccf02628.html%23%3A~%3Atext%3DTurner%2520said%2520he%2520also%2520put%2Cto%2520two%2520billion%2520or%2520less&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarris2009" class="citation web cs1">Harris, Paul (May 31, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/may/31/new-york-billionaire-philanthropists">"They're called the Good Club – and they want to save the world"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 1,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=They%27re+called+the+Good+Club+%E2%80%93+and+they+want+to+save+the+world&rft.date=2009-05-31&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2009%2Fmay%2F31%2Fnew-york-billionaire-philanthropists&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Timeschristians-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Timeschristians_81-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Timeschristians_81-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJim_Rutenberg2001" class="citation news cs1">Jim Rutenberg (March 19, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2001/03/19/business/mediatalk-aol-sees-a-different-side-of-time-warner.html">"MediaTalk; AOL Sees a Different Side of Time Warner"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=MediaTalk%3B+AOL+Sees+a+Different+Side+of+Time+Warner&rft.date=2001-03-19&rft.au=Jim+Rutenberg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2001%2F03%2F19%2Fbusiness%2Fmediatalk-aol-sees-a-different-side-of-time-warner.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/282851.stm">"BBC News – Europe – Heard the one about Ted Turner ..."</a> <i>bbc.co.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 12,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=bbc.co.uk&rft.atitle=BBC+News+%E2%80%93+Europe+%E2%80%93+Heard+the+one+about+Ted+Turner+...&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Feurope%2F282851.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurkemanBeaumont2002" class="citation news cs1">Burkeman, Oliver; Beaumont, Peter (June 18, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/jun/18/terrorismandthemedia.israel">"CNN chief accuses Israel of terror"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 31,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=CNN+chief+accuses+Israel+of+terror&rft.date=2002-06-18&rft.aulast=Burkeman&rft.aufirst=Oliver&rft.au=Beaumont%2C+Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmedia%2F2002%2Fjun%2F18%2Fterrorismandthemedia.israel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoone2010" class="citation news cs1">Boone, Christian (December 8, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ajc.com/news/local/ted-turner-adopt-china-one-child-policy-save-planet/y7rKRuXh7LrLUc5aMrA95N/">"Ted Turner: Adopt China's one-child policy to save planet"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Atlanta_Journal-Constitution" title="The Atlanta Journal-Constitution">The Atlanta Journal-Constitution</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 26,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Atlanta+Journal-Constitution&rft.atitle=Ted+Turner%3A+Adopt+China%27s+one-child+policy+to+save+planet&rft.date=2010-12-08&rft.aulast=Boone&rft.aufirst=Christian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ajc.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fted-turner-adopt-china-one-child-policy-save-planet%2Fy7rKRuXh7LrLUc5aMrA95N%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_85-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_85-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tedturner.com/about/">"About – Turner Enterprises"</a>. <i>Tedturner.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 28,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tedturner.com&rft.atitle=About+%E2%80%93+Turner+Enterprises&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tedturner.com%2Fabout%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto1-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_86-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_86-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_86-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_86-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_86-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tedturner.com/turner-ranches/turner-ranches-faq/">"Turner Ranches FAQ – Turner Enterprises"</a>. <i>Tedturner.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 28,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tedturner.com&rft.atitle=Turner+Ranches+FAQ+%E2%80%93+Turner+Enterprises&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tedturner.com%2Fturner-ranches%2Fturner-ranches-faq%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tturner-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tturner_87-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTribune_staff2009" class="citation web cs1">Tribune staff (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110711123901/http://www.greatfallstribune.com/multimedia/125newsmakers5/turner.html">"125 Montana Newsmakers: Ted Turner"</a>. <i>Great Falls Tribune</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.greatfallstribune.com/multimedia/125newsmakers5/turner.html">the original</a> on July 11, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 28,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Great+Falls+Tribune&rft.atitle=125+Montana+Newsmakers%3A+Ted+Turner&rft.date=2009&rft.au=Tribune+staff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.greatfallstribune.com%2Fmultimedia%2F125newsmakers5%2Fturner.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-enterprises1-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-enterprises1_88-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-enterprises1_88-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090430103340/http://www.tedturner.com/enterprises/ranches_Template.asp?page=ranches_faq.html">"Ranches"</a>. Ted Turner. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tedturner.com/enterprises/ranches_Template.asp?page=ranches_faq.html">the original</a> on April 30, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 29,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ranches&rft.pub=Ted+Turner&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tedturner.com%2Fenterprises%2Franches_Template.asp%3Fpage%3Dranches_faq.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Morgan-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Morgan_89-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorgan2016" class="citation news cs1">Morgan, Rhett (February 3, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tulsaworld.com/news/state/osage-nation-set-to-buy-ted-turner-owned-bluestem-ranch/article_6be16608-a1e3-502e-a9c7-c77218db023e.html">"Osage Nation set to buy Ted Turner-owned Bluestem Ranch in Osage County"</a>. <i>Tulsa World</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 7,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tulsa+World&rft.atitle=Osage+Nation+set+to+buy+Ted+Turner-owned+Bluestem+Ranch+in+Osage+County&rft.date=2016-02-03&rft.aulast=Morgan&rft.aufirst=Rhett&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tulsaworld.com%2Fnews%2Fstate%2Fosage-nation-set-to-buy-ted-turner-owned-bluestem-ranch%2Farticle_6be16608-a1e3-502e-a9c7-c77218db023e.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allbusiness.com/government/3639644-1.html">"State, Vermejo Park Ranch Enter Into Agreement Regarding Abandoned Mine Reclamation"</a>. allbusiness. April 14, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=State%2C+Vermejo+Park+Ranch+Enter+Into+Agreement+Regarding+Abandoned+Mine+Reclamation&rft.pub=allbusiness&rft.date=2006-04-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.allbusiness.com%2Fgovernment%2F3639644-1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged June 2016">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200817180322/http://www.turnerfoundation.org/">"Turner Foundation"</a>. <i>Turnerfoundation.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.turnerfoundation.org/">the original</a> on August 17, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 21,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Turnerfoundation.org&rft.atitle=Turner+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.turnerfoundation.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://captainplanetfoundation.org/">"Captain Planet Foundation – Engaging & empowering young people to be problem solvers for the planet"</a>. <i>Captainplanetfoundation.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 21,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Captainplanetfoundation.org&rft.atitle=Captain+Planet+Foundation+%E2%80%93+Engaging+%26+empowering+young+people+to+be+problem+solvers+for+the+planet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcaptainplanetfoundation.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tedturnerreserves.com/">"Ted Turner Reserves – Luxury Eco-Tourism"</a>. <i>Tedturnerreserves.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 21,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tedturnerreserves.com&rft.atitle=Ted+Turner+Reserves+%E2%80%93+Luxury+Eco-Tourism&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftedturnerreserves.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tedturner.com/turner-renewable-energy/">"Turner Renewable Energy – Turner Enterprises"</a>. <i>Tedturner.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 21,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tedturner.com&rft.atitle=Turner+Renewable+Energy+%E2%80%93+Turner+Enterprises&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tedturner.com%2Fturner-renewable-energy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tedturner.com/about/bona-allen-building/">"Turner Building – Turner Enterprises"</a>. <i>Tedturner.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 28,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tedturner.com&rft.atitle=Turner+Building+%E2%80%93+Turner+Enterprises&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tedturner.com%2Fabout%2Fbona-allen-building%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tedturner.com/turner-renewable-energy/">"Turner Renewable Energy – Turner Enterprises"</a>. <i>Tedturner.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 28,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tedturner.com&rft.atitle=Turner+Renewable+Energy+%E2%80%93+Turner+Enterprises&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tedturner.com%2Fturner-renewable-energy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tedturner.com/about/company-officers/">"Executive Leadership – Turner Enterprises"</a>. <i>Tedturner.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 28,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tedturner.com&rft.atitle=Executive+Leadership+%E2%80%93+Turner+Enterprises&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tedturner.com%2Fabout%2Fcompany-officers%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080405183340/http://www.charlierose.com/shows/2008/04/01/1/a-conversation-with-ted-turner">"A Conversation With Ted Turner"</a>. April 1, 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.charlierose.com/shows/2008/04/01/1/a-conversation-with-ted-turner">the original</a> on April 5, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 6,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Conversation+With+Ted+Turner&rft.date=2008-04-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.charlierose.com%2Fshows%2F2008%2F04%2F01%2F1%2Fa-conversation-with-ted-turner&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/video/?hpt=hp_bn1#/video/us/2012/05/04/piers-turner-four-girlfriends.cnn">"CNN.com Video"</a>. <i>CNN</i>. May 4, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 31,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=CNN.com+Video&rft.date=2012-05-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2Fvideo%2F%3Fhpt%3Dhp_bn1%23%2Fvideo%2Fus%2F2012%2F05%2F04%2Fpiers-turner-four-girlfriends.cnn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Smith, Bruce. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bigstory.ap.org/article/ted-turners-son-vying-sc-congressional-primary">Ted Turner's son vying in SC congressional primary</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131203015631/http://bigstory.ap.org/article/ted-turners-son-vying-sc-congressional-primary">Archived</a> December 3, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Associated Press, January 23, 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GOP_Primary_Results-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GOP_Primary_Results_101-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.enr-scvotes.org/SC/45550/115634/en/summary.html">"SC District 01 – Special R Primary"</a>. SC Elections<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 26,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SC+District+01+%E2%80%93+Special+R+Primary&rft.pub=SC+Elections&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.enr-scvotes.org%2FSC%2F45550%2F115634%2Fen%2Fsummary.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120523023437/http://cms.givingpledge.org/Content/uploads/634159149577957850_Turner_063010.pdf">"Ted Turner's Giving Pledge"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. The Giving Pledge. June 30, 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cms.givingpledge.org/Content/uploads/634159149577957850_Turner_063010.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on May 23, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ted+Turner%27s+Giving+Pledge&rft.pub=The+Giving+Pledge&rft.date=2010-06-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcms.givingpledge.org%2FContent%2Fuploads%2F634159149577957850_Turner_063010.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2010/01/18/the-sure-thing">"The Sure Thing: How entrepreneurs really succeed"</a>. <i>The New Yorker</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 10,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Yorker&rft.atitle=The+Sure+Thing%3A+How+entrepreneurs+really+succeed&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newyorker.com%2Fmagazine%2F2010%2F01%2F18%2Fthe-sure-thing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKloer2008" class="citation news cs1">Kloer, Phil (November 10, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100101064946/http://www.accessatlanta.com/blogs/content/shared-blogs/accessatlanta/atlarts/entries/2008/11/10/ted_turners_autobiography_hits.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Call Me Ted" – what else do you call him?"</a>. <i>Atlanta Journal-Constitution</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.accessatlanta.com/blogs/content/shared-blogs/accessatlanta/atlarts/entries/2008/11/10/ted_turners_autobiography_hits.html">the original</a> on January 1, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 12,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atlanta+Journal-Constitution&rft.atitle=%22Call+Me+Ted%22+%E2%80%93+what+else+do+you+call+him%3F&rft.date=2008-11-10&rft.aulast=Kloer&rft.aufirst=Phil&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.accessatlanta.com%2Fblogs%2Fcontent%2Fshared-blogs%2Faccessatlanta%2Fatlarts%2Fentries%2F2008%2F11%2F10%2Fted_turners_autobiography_hits.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/ted-turner-reveals-hes-battling-lewy-body-dementia-in-exclusive-interview/">"Ted Turner reveals he's battling Lewy body dementia in exclusive interview"</a>. <i>CBS News</i>. September 28, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 29,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBS+News&rft.atitle=Ted+Turner+reveals+he%27s+battling+Lewy+body+dementia+in+exclusive+interview&rft.date=2018-09-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fted-turner-reveals-hes-battling-lewy-body-dementia-in-exclusive-interview%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaupert2006" class="citation book cs1">Haupert, Michael John (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=p3tI2cAxj3gC&q=ted+turner+Olympic+trials+in+1964&pg=PA253"><i>The Entertainment Industry</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Greenwood_Publishing_Group" title="Greenwood Publishing Group">Greenwood Publishing Group</a>. p. 253. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59884-594-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59884-594-5"><bdi>978-1-59884-594-5</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 3,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Entertainment+Industry&rft.pages=253&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-1-59884-594-5&rft.aulast=Haupert&rft.aufirst=Michael+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dp3tI2cAxj3gC%26q%3Dted%2Bturner%2BOlympic%2Btrials%2Bin%2B1964%26pg%3DPA253&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NBCSN-AC-Courageous-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NBCSN-AC-Courageous_107-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation episode cs1">"Courageous". <i>2017 America's Cup</i>. June 17, 2017. NBC.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2017+America%27s+Cup&rft.date=2017-06-17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110515120708/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/cover/featured/8544/index.htm">"Ted Turner on Sports Illustrated cover"</a>. <i>CNN</i>. July 4, 1977. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/cover/featured/8544/index.htm">the original</a> on May 15, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 27,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Ted+Turner+on+Sports+Illustrated+cover&rft.date=1977-07-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsportsillustrated.cnn.com%2Fvault%2Fcover%2Ffeatured%2F8544%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/packages/html/sports/year_in_sports/09.18.html">"A Brash Captain Keeps the Cup"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. September 18, 1977.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=A+Brash+Captain+Keeps+the+Cup&rft.date=1977-09-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Fpackages%2Fhtml%2Fsports%2Fyear_in_sports%2F09.18.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWallace1977" class="citation web cs1">Wallace, William (June 19, 1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1977/06/19/archives/us-yachts-begin-americas-cup-trials.html">"U.S. Yachts Begin America's Cup Trials"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 1,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=U.S.+Yachts+Begin+America%27s+Cup+Trials&rft.date=1977-06-19&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1977%2F06%2F19%2Farchives%2Fus-yachts-begin-americas-cup-trials.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100222021838/http://32nd.americascup.com/en/acclopaedia/circlinggalaxy/bateau.php?idContent=4891&idRubr=74">"Courageous – US 26"</a>. americascup.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://32nd.americascup.com/en/acclopaedia/circlinggalaxy/bateau.php?idContent=4891">the original</a> on February 22, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 27,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Courageous+%E2%80%93+US+26&rft.pub=americascup.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F32nd.americascup.com%2Fen%2Facclopaedia%2Fcirclinggalaxy%2Fbateau.php%3FidContent%3D4891&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120416032023/http://www.herreshoff.org/achof/ted_turner.html">"Herreshoff Marine Museum & America's Cup Hall of Fame"</a>. Herreshoff.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.herreshoff.org/achof/ted_turner.html">the original</a> on April 16, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 10,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Herreshoff+Marine+Museum+%26+America%27s+Cup+Hall+of+Fame&rft.pub=Herreshoff.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.herreshoff.org%2Fachof%2Fted_turner.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131210004343/http://www.nshof.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=322:turner-ted-2011-inductee&catid=78">"Turner, Ted – 2011 Inductee"</a>. Nshof.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nshof.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=322:turner-ted-2011-inductee&catid=78">the original</a> on December 10, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 10,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Turner%2C+Ted+%E2%80%93+2011+Inductee&rft.pub=Nshof.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nshof.org%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D322%3Aturner-ted-2011-inductee%26catid%3D78&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sailingworld.com/racing/ted-turner/">"Ted Turner, Captain Outrageous"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sailing_World&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sailing World (page does not exist)">Sailing World</a></i>. April 24, 2002.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sailing+World&rft.atitle=Ted+Turner%2C+Captain+Outrageous&rft.date=2002-04-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sailingworld.com%2Fracing%2Fted-turner%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRousmainiere1980" class="citation book cs1">Rousmainiere, John (1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/fastnetforce1000rous"><i>Fastnet, Force 10</i></a>. New York: Norton. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-393-03256-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-393-03256-6"><bdi>0-393-03256-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fastnet%2C+Force+10&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Norton&rft.date=1980&rft.isbn=0-393-03256-6&rft.aulast=Rousmainiere&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffastnetforce1000rous&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-slate.com-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-slate.com_116-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-slate.com_116-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-slate.com_116-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWu2010" class="citation journal cs1">Wu, Tim (November 10, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://slate.com/technology/2010/11/ted-turner-the-alexander-the-great-of-television.html">"Ted Turner, the Alexander the Great of Television"</a>. <i>Slate</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 21,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Slate&rft.atitle=Ted+Turner%2C+the+Alexander+the+Great+of+Television&rft.date=2010-11-10&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fslate.com%2Ftechnology%2F2010%2F11%2Fted-turner-the-alexander-the-great-of-television.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bizjournals.com-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bizjournals.com_117-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bizjournals.com_117-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bizjournals.com/atlanta/news/2019/03/06/viewpoint-lets-never-forget-the-legacy-of-ted.html">"Viewpoint: Let's never forget the legacy of Ted Turner"</a>. March 6, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 21,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Viewpoint%3A+Let%27s+never+forget+the+legacy+of+Ted+Turner&rft.date=2019-03-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bizjournals.com%2Fatlanta%2Fnews%2F2019%2F03%2F06%2Fviewpoint-lets-never-forget-the-legacy-of-ted.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wrestlinginc.com/news/2020/09/eric-bischoff-recalls-vince-mcmahon-letters-trying-to-674695/">"Eric Bischoff Recalls Vince McMahon's Letters 'Trying to Embarrass' Ted Turner"</a>. September 12, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 25,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Eric+Bischoff+Recalls+Vince+McMahon%27s+Letters+%27Trying+to+Embarrass%27+Ted+Turner&rft.date=2020-09-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wrestlinginc.com%2Fnews%2F2020%2F09%2Feric-bischoff-recalls-vince-mcmahon-letters-trying-to-674695%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nypost.com/1999/06/28/mats-entertainment-wrestling-foes-mcmahon-hogan-square-off-in-talk-show-tussle/">"MATS ENTERTAINMENT! WRESTLING FOES MCMAHON, HOGAN SQUARE OFF IN TALK-SHOW TUSSLE"</a>. June 28, 1999<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 26,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MATS+ENTERTAINMENT%21+WRESTLING+FOES+MCMAHON%2C+HOGAN+SQUARE+OFF+IN+TALK-SHOW+TUSSLE&rft.date=1999-06-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnypost.com%2F1999%2F06%2F28%2Fmats-entertainment-wrestling-foes-mcmahon-hogan-square-off-in-talk-show-tussle%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://prowrestlingnewshub.com/aew-news/vince-mcmahon-says-he-does-not-see-aew-as-the-same-level-of-competition-as-wcw/">"Vince McMahon Says He Does Not See AEW As The Same Level Of Competition As WCW"</a>. July 30, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 4,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Vince+McMahon+Says+He+Does+Not+See+AEW+As+The+Same+Level+Of+Competition+As+WCW&rft.date=2021-07-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fprowrestlingnewshub.com%2Faew-news%2Fvince-mcmahon-says-he-does-not-see-aew-as-the-same-level-of-competition-as-wcw%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div> <ul><li><i>Call Me Ted</i> by Ted Turner and Bill Burke (Grand Central Publishing, 2008) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-446-58189-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-446-58189-9">978-0-446-58189-9</a></li> <li><i>Racing Edge</i> by Ted Turner (Simon & Schuster, 1979) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-671-24419-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-671-24419-1">0-671-24419-1</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Biographies">Biographies</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="clear: right; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External videos</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/video/?183551-1/media-man-ted-turners-improbable-empire">Presentation by Auletta on <i>Media Man</i>, November 4, 2004</a>, <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><i>Media Man: Ted Turner's Improbable Empire</i> by <a href="/wiki/Ken_Auletta" title="Ken Auletta">Ken Auletta</a> (W. W. Norton, 2004) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-393-05168-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-393-05168-4">0-393-05168-4</a></li> <li><i>Clash of the Titans: How the Unbridled Ambition of Ted Turner and Rupert Murdoch Has Created Global Empires that Control What We Read and Watch Each Day</i> by Richard Hack (New Millennium Press, 2003) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-893224-60-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-893224-60-0">1-893224-60-0</a></li> <li><i>Me and Ted Against the World: The Unauthorized Story of the Founding of CNN</i> by Reese Schonfeld (HarperBusiness, 2001) 0060197463</li> <li><i>Ted Turner Speaks: Insights from the World's Greatest Maverick</i> by Janet Lowe (Wiley, 1999) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-471-34563-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-471-34563-6">0-471-34563-6</a></li> <li><i>Riding A White Horse: Ted Turner's Goodwill Games and Other Crusades</i> by Althea Carlson (Episcopal Press, 1998) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9663743-0-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-9663743-0-4">0-9663743-0-4</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPorter_Bibb1996" class="citation book cs1">Porter Bibb (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/gp/reader/155566203X/ref=sib_dp_pt/002-4443697-6472033#reader-link"><i>Ted Turner: It Ain't As Easy as It Looks: The Amazing Story of CNN</i></a>. Virgin Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-86369-892-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-86369-892-1"><bdi>0-86369-892-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ted+Turner%3A+It+Ain%27t+As+Easy+as+It+Looks%3A+The+Amazing+Story+of+CNN&rft.pub=Virgin+Books&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-86369-892-1&rft.au=Porter+Bibb&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2Fgp%2Freader%2F155566203X%2Fref%3Dsib_dp_pt%2F002-4443697-6472033%23reader-link&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATed+Turner" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><i>Citizen Turner: The Wild Rise of an American Tycoon</i> by Robert Goldberg and <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Jay_Goldberg" title="Gerald Jay Goldberg">Gerald Jay Goldberg</a> (<a href="/wiki/Harcourt_(publisher)" title="Harcourt (publisher)">Harcourt</a>, 1995) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-15-118008-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-15-118008-3">0-15-118008-3</a></li> <li><i>CNN: The Inside Story: How a Band of Mavericks Changed the Face of Television News</i> by Hank Whittemore (Little Brown & Co, 1990) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-316-93761-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-316-93761-4">0-316-93761-4</a></li> <li><i>Lead Follow or Get Out of the Way: The Story of Ted Turner</i> by Christian Williams (<a href="/wiki/Times_Books" title="Times Books">Times Books</a>, 1981) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8129-1004-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-8129-1004-4">0-8129-1004-4</a></li> <li><i>Atlanta Rising: The Invention of an International City 1946–1996</i> by Frederick Allen (Longstreet Press, 1996) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56352-296-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-56352-296-9">1-56352-296-9</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>Ted Turner</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects">sister projects</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" class="extiw" title="c:Ted Turner">Media</a> from Commons</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Ted_Turner" class="extiw" title="q:Ted Turner">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tedturner.com">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193368#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://achievement.org/achiever/ted-turner/#interview">Robert Edward “Ted” Turner Biography and Interview on American Academy of Achievement</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/topic/person/ted-turner">Ted Turner</a> collected news and commentary at <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193368#P3221" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?tedturner">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193368#P2190" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0877894/">Ted Turner</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193368#P345" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://interviews.televisionacademy.com/interviews/ted-turner">Ted Turner</a> at <a href="/wiki/The_Interviews:_An_Oral_History_of_Television" title="The Interviews: An Oral History of Television">The Interviews: An Oral History of Television</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193368#P5773" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oprah.com/own-master-class/Oprahs-Master-Class-Ted-Turner">Turner on Oprah Master Class, aired January 29, 2012</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130901110137/http://www.oprah.com/own-master-class/Oprahs-Master-Class-Ted-Turner">Archived</a> September 1, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baseball-reference.com/managers/turnete99.shtml">Ted Turner managerial career statistics</a> at <a href="/wiki/Baseball-Reference.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Baseball-Reference.com">Baseball-Reference.com</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sailing.org/sailor/robert-turner-iii?ref=USART56">Robert Turner III</a> at <a href="/wiki/World_Sailing" title="World Sailing">World Sailing</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Links_to_related_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Atlanta_Braves" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;background-color: #13274F !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CE1141, inset -2px -2px 0 #CE1141; !important;;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Atlanta_Braves" title="Template:Atlanta Braves"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Atlanta_Braves" title="Template talk:Atlanta Braves"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Atlanta_Braves" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Atlanta Braves"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Atlanta_Braves" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Braves" title="Atlanta Braves"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">Atlanta Braves</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;"><div> <ul><li>Established in <b><a href="/wiki/1871_Major_League_Baseball_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1871 Major League Baseball season"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">1871</span></a></b></li> <li>Formerly the <span class="wrap"><b>Boston Red Stockings</b>, <b>Boston Red Caps</b>, <b>Boston Beaneaters</b>, <b>Boston Doves</b>, <b>Boston Rustlers</b>, <b>Boston Bees</b>, <b>Boston Braves</b> and the <b>Milwaukee Braves</b></span></li> <li>Based in <b><a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">Atlanta, Georgia</span></a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_American_professional_sports_league_organization" class="mw-redirect" title="North American professional sports league organization"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">Franchise</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Atlanta_Braves" title="History of the Atlanta Braves">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Braves" title="Boston Braves">in Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_Braves" title="Milwaukee Braves">in Milwaukee</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Allen_Jr._Braves_Museum_and_Hall_of_Fame" title="Ivan Allen Jr. Braves Museum and Hall of Fame">Braves Museum & Hall of Fame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Braves_award_winners_and_league_leaders" title="Atlanta Braves award winners and league leaders">Award winners & league leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Atlanta_Braves_team_records" title="List of Atlanta Braves team records">Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Atlanta_Braves_no-hitters" title="List of Atlanta Braves no-hitters">No-hitters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Atlanta_Braves_seasons" title="List of Atlanta Braves seasons">Seasons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Atlanta_Braves_owners_and_executives" title="List of Atlanta Braves owners and executives">Owners and executives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Atlanta_Braves_managers" title="List of Atlanta Braves managers">Managers</a></li> <li>Opening Day Starters <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Atlanta_Braves_Opening_Day_starting_pitchers" title="List of Atlanta Braves Opening Day starting pitchers">Atlanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Boston_and_Milwaukee_Braves_Opening_Day_starting_pitchers" title="List of Boston and Milwaukee Braves Opening Day starting pitchers">Boston and Milwaukee</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Atlanta_Braves_first-round_draft_picks" title="List of Atlanta Braves first-round draft picks">First-round draft picks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Atlanta_Braves_broadcasters" title="List of Atlanta Braves broadcasters">Broadcasting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bally_Sports_South" class="mw-redirect" title="Bally Sports South">Bally Sports South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bally_Sports_Southeast" class="mw-redirect" title="Bally Sports Southeast">Bally Sports Southeast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Braves_Radio_Network" title="Atlanta Braves Radio Network">Radio network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WCNN" title="WCNN">WCNN</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;width:1%">Ballparks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_End_Grounds" title="South End Grounds">South End Grounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_Street_Grounds" title="Congress Street Grounds">Congress Street Grounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_End_Grounds" title="South End Grounds">South End Grounds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenway_Park" title="Fenway Park">Fenway Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braves_Field" title="Braves Field">Braves Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_County_Stadium" title="Milwaukee County Stadium">Milwaukee County Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta%E2%80%93Fulton_County_Stadium" title="Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium">Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turner_Field" title="Turner Field">Turner Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truist_Park" title="Truist Park">Truist Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;width:1%"><i>Spring training</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bolton_Street_Park" title="Bolton Street Park">Bolton Street Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Lang_Stadium" title="Al Lang Stadium">St. Petersburg Athletic Park</a></li> <li>Westside Ballpark</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LECOM_Park" title="LECOM Park">Braves Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Palm_Beach_Municipal_Stadium" title="West Palm Beach Municipal Stadium">Municipal Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Stadium_at_the_ESPN_Wide_World_of_Sports" title="The Stadium at the ESPN Wide World of Sports">Champion Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CoolToday_Park" title="CoolToday Park">CoolToday Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Battery_Atlanta" title="The Battery Atlanta">The Battery Atlanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Braves_tomahawk_chop_and_name_controversy" title="Atlanta Braves tomahawk chop and name controversy">Tomahawk chop and name controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_League" title="Continental League">Continental League</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ted Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bleacher_Creature_(mascot)" title="Bleacher Creature (mascot)">Bleacher Creature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blooper_(mascot)" title="Blooper (mascot)">Blooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Noc-A-Homa" title="Chief Noc-A-Homa">Chief Noc-A-Homa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Major_League_Baseball_mascots" title="List of Major League Baseball mascots">Homer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Major_League_Baseball_mascots" title="List of Major League Baseball mascots">Rally</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Braves_TBS_Baseball" title="Braves TBS Baseball">Braves TBS Baseball</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Slugger%27s_Wife" title="The Slugger's Wife">The Slugger's Wife</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Three_(Atlanta_Braves)" title="Big Three (Atlanta Braves)">Big Three</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Babe" title="The Babe">The Babe</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hank_Aaron:_Chasing_the_Dream" title="Hank Aaron: Chasing the Dream">Hank Aaron: Chasing the Dream</a></i></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Pray_for_Rain_(poem)" title="Pray for Rain (poem)">Pray for Rain</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trouble_with_the_Curve" title="Trouble with the Curve">Trouble with the Curve</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;width:1%">Lore</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Temple_Cup" title="Temple Cup">1897 Temple Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Saturday_(1903)" title="Black Saturday (1903)">Black Saturday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Dodgers_1,_Boston_Braves_1_(26_innings)" title="Brooklyn Dodgers 1, Boston Braves 1 (26 innings)">Brooklyn Dodgers 1, Boston Braves 1 (26 innings)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hank_Aaron" title="Hank Aaron">Hank Aaron's 715th home run</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1959_National_League_tie-breaker_series" title="1959 National League tie-breaker series">1959 NL tie-breaker series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Braves%E2%80%93Padres_bean_brawl" title="1984 Braves–Padres bean brawl">1984 Braves–Padres bean brawl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Camp_Game" title="Rick Camp Game">Rick Camp Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Slide_(Atlanta_Braves)" title="The Slide (Atlanta Braves)">Sid Bream's slide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Major_League_Baseball_wild_card_chase" title="2011 Major League Baseball wild card chase">2011 Major League Baseball wild card chase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_National_League_Wild_Card_Game" title="2012 National League Wild Card Game">2012 NL Wild Card Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Bragg_Game" title="Fort Bragg Game">Fort Bragg Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Braves_tomahawk_chop_and_name_controversy" title="Atlanta Braves tomahawk chop and name controversy">Tomahawk chop</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;width:1%">Rivalries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Braves%E2%80%93Mets_rivalry" title="Braves–Mets rivalry">New York Mets</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;width:1%">Key personnel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Owner: <a href="/wiki/John_C._Malone" title="John C. Malone">John C. Malone</a> (<a href="/wiki/Liberty_Media" title="Liberty Media">Liberty Media</a>)</li> <li>General Manager: <a href="/wiki/Alex_Anthopoulos" title="Alex Anthopoulos">Alex Anthopoulos</a></li> <li>Club President: <a href="/wiki/Derek_Schiller" title="Derek Schiller">Derek Schiller</a></li> <li>Manager: <a href="/wiki/Brian_Snitker" title="Brian Snitker">Brian Snitker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;width:1%">World Series<br /> Championships (4)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1914_World_Series" title="1914 World Series">1914</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957_World_Series" title="1957 World Series">1957</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_World_Series" title="1995 World Series">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_World_Series" title="2021 World Series">2021</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;width:1%">National League<br /> Championships (18)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1877_Boston_Red_Caps_season" title="1877 Boston Red Caps season">1877</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1878_Boston_Red_Caps_season" title="1878 Boston Red Caps season">1878</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1883_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1883 Boston Beaneaters season">1883</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1891_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1891 Boston Beaneaters season">1891</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1892_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1892 Boston Beaneaters season">1892</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1893_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1893 Boston Beaneaters season">1893</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1897_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1897 Boston Beaneaters season">1897</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1898_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1898 Boston Beaneaters season">1898</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1914_Boston_Braves_season" title="1914 Boston Braves season">1914</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_Boston_Braves_season" title="1948 Boston Braves season">1948</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957_Milwaukee_Braves_season" title="1957 Milwaukee Braves season">1957</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958_Milwaukee_Braves_season" title="1958 Milwaukee Braves season">1958</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_National_League_Championship_Series" title="1991 National League Championship Series">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_National_League_Championship_Series" title="1992 National League Championship Series">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_National_League_Championship_Series" title="1995 National League Championship Series">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_National_League_Championship_Series" title="1996 National League Championship Series">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_National_League_Championship_Series" title="1999 National League Championship Series">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_National_League_Championship_Series" title="2021 National League Championship Series">2021</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;width:1%">World's Championship Series<br /> Championships (1)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1892_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1892 Boston Beaneaters season">1892</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;width:1%">National Association<br /> Championships (4)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1872_Boston_Red_Stockings_season" title="1872 Boston Red Stockings season">1872</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1873_Boston_Red_Stockings_season" title="1873 Boston Red Stockings season">1873</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1874_Boston_Red_Stockings_season" title="1874 Boston Red Stockings season">1874</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1875_Boston_Red_Stockings_season" title="1875 Boston Red Stockings season">1875</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;width:1%">Division titles (23)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="nobold">National League East</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/1995_National_League_Division_Series" title="1995 National League Division Series">1995</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/1996_National_League_Division_Series" title="1996 National League Division Series">1996</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/1997_National_League_Division_Series" title="1997 National League Division Series">1997</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/1998_National_League_Division_Series" title="1998 National League Division Series">1998</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/1999_National_League_Division_Series" title="1999 National League Division Series">1999</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/2000_National_League_Division_Series" title="2000 National League Division Series">2000</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/2001_National_League_Division_Series" title="2001 National League Division Series">2001</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/2002_National_League_Division_Series" title="2002 National League Division Series">2002</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/2003_National_League_Division_Series" title="2003 National League Division Series">2003</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/2004_National_League_Division_Series" title="2004 National League Division Series">2004</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/2005_National_League_Division_Series" title="2005 National League Division Series">2005</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/2013_National_League_Division_Series" title="2013 National League Division Series">2013</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/2018_National_League_Division_Series" title="2018 National League Division Series">2018</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/2019_National_League_Division_Series" title="2019 National League Division Series">2019</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/2020_National_League_Division_Series" title="2020 National League Division Series">2020</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/2021_National_League_Division_Series" title="2021 National League Division Series">2021</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/2022_National_League_Division_Series" title="2022 National League Division Series">2022</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/2023_National_League_Division_Series" title="2023 National League Division Series">2023</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">National League West</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/1969_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1969 Atlanta Braves season">1969</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/1982_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1982 Atlanta Braves season">1982</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/1991_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1991 Atlanta Braves season">1991</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/1992_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1992 Atlanta Braves season">1992</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/1993_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1993 Atlanta Braves season">1993</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;width:1%">Wild card berths (3)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/2010_National_League_Division_Series" title="2010 National League Division Series">2010</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/2012_National_League_Wild_Card_Game" title="2012 National League Wild Card Game">2012</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/2024_National_League_Wild_Card_Series" title="2024 National League Wild Card Series">2024</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Atlanta_Braves_minor_league_affiliates" title="List of Atlanta Braves minor league affiliates"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">Minor league<br />affiliates</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Triple-A: <a href="/wiki/Gwinnett_Stripers" title="Gwinnett Stripers">Gwinnett Stripers</a></li> <li>Double-A: <a href="/wiki/Columbus_Clingstones" title="Columbus Clingstones">Columbus Clingstones</a></li> <li>High-A: <a href="/wiki/Rome_Emperors" title="Rome Emperors">Rome Emperors</a></li> <li>Single-A: <a href="/wiki/Augusta_GreenJackets" title="Augusta GreenJackets">Augusta GreenJackets</a></li> <li>Rookie: <a href="/wiki/Florida_Complex_League_Braves" title="Florida Complex League Braves">FCL Braves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Summer_League_Braves" title="Dominican Summer League Braves">DSL Braves</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;background-color: #13274F !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CE1141, inset -2px -2px 0 #CE1141; !important;;"><div id="Seasons_(155)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Seasons (155)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;width:1%">1870s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">1870 · </span> <a href="/wiki/1871_Boston_Red_Stockings_season" title="1871 Boston Red Stockings season">1871</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_Boston_Red_Stockings_season" title="1872 Boston Red Stockings season">1872</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1873_Boston_Red_Stockings_season" title="1873 Boston Red Stockings season">1873</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1874_Boston_Red_Stockings_season" title="1874 Boston Red Stockings season">1874</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1875_Boston_Red_Stockings_season" title="1875 Boston Red Stockings season">1875</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_Boston_Red_Caps_season" title="1876 Boston Red Caps season">1876</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1877_Boston_Red_Caps_season" title="1877 Boston Red Caps season">1877</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1878_Boston_Red_Caps_season" title="1878 Boston Red Caps season">1878</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1879_Boston_Red_Caps_season" title="1879 Boston Red Caps season">1879</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;width:1%">1880s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1880_Boston_Red_Caps_season" title="1880 Boston Red Caps season">1880</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1881_Boston_Red_Caps_season" title="1881 Boston Red Caps season">1881</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1882_Boston_Red_Caps_season" title="1882 Boston Red Caps season">1882</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1883_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1883 Boston Beaneaters season">1883</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1884_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1884 Boston Beaneaters season">1884</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1885_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1885 Boston Beaneaters season">1885</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1886_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1886 Boston Beaneaters season">1886</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1887_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1887 Boston Beaneaters season">1887</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1888 Boston Beaneaters season">1888</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1889_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1889 Boston Beaneaters season">1889</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;width:1%">1890s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1890_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1890 Boston Beaneaters season">1890</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1891_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1891 Boston Beaneaters season">1891</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1892_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1892 Boston Beaneaters season">1892</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1893_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1893 Boston Beaneaters season">1893</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1894_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1894 Boston Beaneaters season">1894</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1895_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1895 Boston Beaneaters season">1895</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1896_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1896 Boston Beaneaters season">1896</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1897_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1897 Boston Beaneaters season">1897</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1898_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1898 Boston Beaneaters season">1898</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1899_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1899 Boston Beaneaters season">1899</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;width:1%">1900s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1900_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1900 Boston Beaneaters season">1900</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1901_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1901 Boston Beaneaters season">1901</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1902_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1902 Boston Beaneaters season">1902</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1903_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1903 Boston Beaneaters season">1903</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1904_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1904 Boston Beaneaters season">1904</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1905_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1905 Boston Beaneaters season">1905</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1906_Boston_Beaneaters_season" title="1906 Boston Beaneaters season">1906</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1907_Boston_Doves_season" title="1907 Boston Doves season">1907</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1908_Boston_Doves_season" title="1908 Boston Doves season">1908</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1909_Boston_Doves_season" title="1909 Boston Doves season">1909</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;width:1%">1910s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1910_Boston_Doves_season" title="1910 Boston Doves season">1910</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1911_Boston_Rustlers_season" title="1911 Boston Rustlers season">1911</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1912_Boston_Braves_season" title="1912 Boston Braves season">1912</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1913_Boston_Braves_season" title="1913 Boston Braves season">1913</a></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/1914_Boston_Braves_season" title="1914 Boston Braves season">1914</a></b></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1915_Boston_Braves_season" title="1915 Boston Braves season">1915</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1916_Boston_Braves_season" title="1916 Boston Braves season">1916</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1917_Boston_Braves_season" title="1917 Boston Braves season">1917</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1918_Boston_Braves_season" title="1918 Boston Braves season">1918</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1919_Boston_Braves_season" title="1919 Boston Braves season">1919</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;width:1%">1920s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1920_Boston_Braves_season" title="1920 Boston Braves season">1920</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1921_Boston_Braves_season" title="1921 Boston Braves season">1921</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1922_Boston_Braves_season" title="1922 Boston Braves season">1922</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1923_Boston_Braves_season" title="1923 Boston Braves season">1923</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_Boston_Braves_season" title="1924 Boston Braves season">1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1925_Boston_Braves_season" title="1925 Boston Braves season">1925</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1926_Boston_Braves_season" title="1926 Boston Braves season">1926</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1927_Boston_Braves_season" title="1927 Boston Braves season">1927</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1928_Boston_Braves_season" title="1928 Boston Braves season">1928</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1929_Boston_Braves_season" title="1929 Boston Braves season">1929</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;width:1%">1930s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1930_Boston_Braves_season" title="1930 Boston Braves season">1930</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1931_Boston_Braves_season" title="1931 Boston Braves season">1931</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_Boston_Braves_season" title="1932 Boston Braves season">1932</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1933_Boston_Braves_season" title="1933 Boston Braves season">1933</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1934_Boston_Braves_season" title="1934 Boston Braves season">1934</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1935_Boston_Braves_season" title="1935 Boston Braves season">1935</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_Boston_Bees_season" title="1936 Boston Bees season">1936</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1937_Boston_Bees_season" title="1937 Boston Bees season">1937</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1938_Boston_Bees_season" title="1938 Boston Bees season">1938</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1939_Boston_Bees_season" title="1939 Boston Bees season">1939</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;width:1%">1940s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_Boston_Bees_season" title="1940 Boston Bees season">1940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1941_Boston_Braves_season" title="1941 Boston Braves season">1941</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1942_Boston_Braves_season" title="1942 Boston Braves season">1942</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1943_Boston_Braves_season" title="1943 Boston Braves season">1943</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_Boston_Braves_season" title="1944 Boston Braves season">1944</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1945_Boston_Braves_season" title="1945 Boston Braves season">1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_Boston_Braves_season" title="1946 Boston Braves season">1946</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1947_Boston_Braves_season" title="1947 Boston Braves season">1947</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1948_Boston_Braves_season" title="1948 Boston Braves season">1948</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1949_Boston_Braves_season" title="1949 Boston Braves season">1949</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;width:1%">1950s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1950_Boston_Braves_season" title="1950 Boston Braves season">1950</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1951_Boston_Braves_season" title="1951 Boston Braves season">1951</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_Boston_Braves_season" title="1952 Boston Braves season">1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953_Milwaukee_Braves_season" title="1953 Milwaukee Braves season">1953</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1954_Milwaukee_Braves_season" title="1954 Milwaukee Braves season">1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1955_Milwaukee_Braves_season" title="1955 Milwaukee Braves season">1955</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Milwaukee_Braves_season" title="1956 Milwaukee Braves season">1956</a></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/1957_Milwaukee_Braves_season" title="1957 Milwaukee Braves season">1957</a></b></i></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1958_Milwaukee_Braves_season" title="1958 Milwaukee Braves season">1958</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1959_Milwaukee_Braves_season" title="1959 Milwaukee Braves season">1959</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;width:1%">1960s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1960_Milwaukee_Braves_season" title="1960 Milwaukee Braves season">1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1961_Milwaukee_Braves_season" title="1961 Milwaukee Braves season">1961</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1962_Milwaukee_Braves_season" title="1962 Milwaukee Braves season">1962</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963_Milwaukee_Braves_season" title="1963 Milwaukee Braves season">1963</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_Milwaukee_Braves_season" title="1964 Milwaukee Braves season">1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1965_Milwaukee_Braves_season" title="1965 Milwaukee Braves season">1965</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1966 Atlanta Braves season">1966</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1967_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1967 Atlanta Braves season">1967</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1968 Atlanta Braves season">1968</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/1969_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1969 Atlanta Braves season">1969</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1970_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1970 Atlanta Braves season">1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1971 Atlanta Braves season">1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1972 Atlanta Braves season">1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1973 Atlanta Braves season">1973</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1974 Atlanta Braves season">1974</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1975_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1975 Atlanta Braves season">1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1976 Atlanta Braves season">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1977 Atlanta Braves season">1977</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1978 Atlanta Braves season">1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1979 Atlanta Braves season">1979</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1980 Atlanta Braves season">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1981 Atlanta Braves season">1981</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/1982_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1982 Atlanta Braves season">1982</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1983 Atlanta Braves season">1983</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1984 Atlanta Braves season">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1985 Atlanta Braves season">1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1986_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1986 Atlanta Braves season">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1987 Atlanta Braves season">1987</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1988 Atlanta Braves season">1988</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1989 Atlanta Braves season">1989</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1990_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1990 Atlanta Braves season">1990</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1991_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1991 Atlanta Braves season">1991</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1992_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1992 Atlanta Braves season">1992</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/1993_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1993 Atlanta Braves season">1993</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1994 Atlanta Braves season">1994</a></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/1995_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1995 Atlanta Braves season">1995</a></b></i></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1996_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1996 Atlanta Braves season">1996</a></b></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/1997_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1997 Atlanta Braves season">1997</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/1998_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1998 Atlanta Braves season">1998</a></i></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1999_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="1999 Atlanta Braves season">1999</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/2000_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="2000 Atlanta Braves season">2000</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2001_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="2001 Atlanta Braves season">2001</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2002_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="2002 Atlanta Braves season">2002</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2003_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="2003 Atlanta Braves season">2003</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2004_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="2004 Atlanta Braves season">2004</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2005_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="2005 Atlanta Braves season">2005</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="2006 Atlanta Braves season">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="2007 Atlanta Braves season">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="2008 Atlanta Braves season">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="2009 Atlanta Braves season">2009</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/2010_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="2010 Atlanta Braves season">2010</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="2011 Atlanta Braves season">2011</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2012_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="2012 Atlanta Braves season">2012</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2013_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="2013 Atlanta Braves season">2013</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="2014 Atlanta Braves season">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="2015 Atlanta Braves season">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="2016 Atlanta Braves season">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="2017 Atlanta Braves season">2017</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2018_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="2018 Atlanta Braves season">2018</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2019_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="2019 Atlanta Braves season">2019</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/2020_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="2020 Atlanta Braves season">2020</a></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/2021_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="2021 Atlanta Braves season">2021</a></b></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2022_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="2022 Atlanta Braves season">2022</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2023_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="2023 Atlanta Braves season">2023</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2024_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="2024 Atlanta Braves season">2024</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2025_Atlanta_Braves_season" title="2025 Atlanta Braves season">2025</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Atlanta_Braves" title="Category:Atlanta Braves"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">Category</span></a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Atlanta_Braves_managers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #13274F !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CE1141, inset -2px -2px 0 #CE1141; !important;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Atlanta_Braves_managers" title="Template:Atlanta Braves managers"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Atlanta_Braves_managers" title="Template talk:Atlanta Braves managers"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Atlanta_Braves_managers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Atlanta Braves managers"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Atlanta_Braves_managers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Atlanta_Braves_managers" title="List of Atlanta Braves managers"><span style="color:white;">Atlanta Braves managers</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harry_Wright" title="Harry Wright">Harry Wright</a> (1871–1881)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Morrill_(baseball)" title="John Morrill (baseball)">John Morrill</a> (1882)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Burdock" title="Jack Burdock">Jack Burdock</a> (1883)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Morrill_(baseball)" title="John Morrill (baseball)">John Morrill</a> (1883–1886)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/King_Kelly" title="King Kelly">King Kelly</a> (1887)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Morrill_(baseball)" title="John Morrill (baseball)">John Morrill</a> (1887–1888)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Hart_(baseball_manager)" title="Jim Hart (baseball manager)">Jim Hart</a> (1889)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Selee" title="Frank Selee">Frank Selee</a> (1890–1901)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Al_Buckenberger" title="Al Buckenberger">Al Buckenberger</a> (1902–1904)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Tenney" title="Fred Tenney">Fred Tenney</a> (1905–1907)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Kelley" title="Joe Kelley">Joe Kelley</a> (1908)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Bowerman" title="Frank Bowerman">Frank Bowerman</a> (1909)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harry_Smith_(1900s_catcher)" title="Harry Smith (1900s catcher)">Harry Smith</a> (1909)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Lake" title="Fred Lake">Fred Lake</a> (1910)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Tenney" title="Fred Tenney">Fred Tenney</a> (1911)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Kling" title="Johnny Kling">Johnny Kling</a> (1912)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Stallings" title="George Stallings">George Stallings</a> (1913–1920)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Mitchell_(baseball)" title="Fred Mitchell (baseball)">Fred Mitchell</a> (1921–1923)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dave_Bancroft" title="Dave Bancroft">Dave Bancroft</a> (1924–1927)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Slattery" title="Jack Slattery">Jack Slattery</a> (1928)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rogers_Hornsby" title="Rogers Hornsby">Rogers Hornsby</a> (1928)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Emil_Fuchs_(baseball)" title="Emil Fuchs (baseball)">Emil Fuchs</a> (1929)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_McKechnie" title="Bill McKechnie">Bill McKechnie</a> (1930–1937)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Casey_Stengel" title="Casey Stengel">Casey Stengel</a> (1938–1942)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Coleman" title="Bob Coleman">Bob Coleman</a> (1943)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Casey_Stengel" title="Casey Stengel">Casey Stengel</a> (1943)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Coleman" title="Bob Coleman">Bob Coleman</a> (1944–1945)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Del_Bissonette" title="Del Bissonette">Del Bissonette</a> (1945)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Billy_Southworth" title="Billy Southworth">Billy Southworth</a> (1946–1949)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Cooney" title="Johnny Cooney">Johnny Cooney</a> (1949)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Billy_Southworth" title="Billy Southworth">Billy Southworth</a> (1950–1951)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Holmes" title="Tommy Holmes">Tommy Holmes</a> (1951–1952)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Grimm" title="Charlie Grimm">Charlie Grimm</a> (1952–1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Haney" title="Fred Haney">Fred Haney</a> (1956–1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Dressen" title="Chuck Dressen">Chuck Dressen</a> (1960–1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Birdie_Tebbetts" title="Birdie Tebbetts">Birdie Tebbetts</a> (1961–1962)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Bragan" title="Bobby Bragan">Bobby Bragan</a> (1963–1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Billy_Hitchcock" title="Billy Hitchcock">Billy Hitchcock</a> (1966–1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ken_Silvestri" title="Ken Silvestri">Ken Silvestri</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lum_Harris" title="Lum Harris">Lum Harris</a> (1968–1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Mathews" title="Eddie Mathews">Eddie Mathews</a> (1972–1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Clyde_King" title="Clyde King">Clyde King</a> (1974–1975)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Connie_Ryan" title="Connie Ryan">Connie Ryan</a> (1975)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dave_Bristol" title="Dave Bristol">Dave Bristol</a> (1976–1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ted Turner</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vern_Benson" title="Vern Benson">Vern Benson</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dave_Bristol" title="Dave Bristol">Dave Bristol</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Cox" title="Bobby Cox">Bobby Cox</a> (1978–1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Torre" title="Joe Torre">Joe Torre</a> (1982–1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Haas" title="Eddie Haas">Eddie Haas</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Wine" title="Bobby Wine">Bobby Wine</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Tanner" title="Chuck Tanner">Chuck Tanner</a> (1986–1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Russ_Nixon" title="Russ Nixon">Russ Nixon</a> (1988–1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Cox" title="Bobby Cox">Bobby Cox</a> (1990–2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fredi_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Fredi González">Fredi González</a> (2011–2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Brian_Snitker" title="Brian Snitker">Brian Snitker</a> (2016–present)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Principal_owners_of_the_Atlanta_Braves_franchise" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #13274F !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CE1141, inset -2px -2px 0 #CE1141; !important;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Atlanta_Braves_owners" title="Template:Atlanta Braves owners"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Atlanta_Braves_owners" title="Template talk:Atlanta Braves owners"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Atlanta_Braves_owners" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Atlanta Braves owners"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Principal_owners_of_the_Atlanta_Braves_franchise" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Atlanta_Braves_owners_and_executives" title="List of Atlanta Braves owners and executives"><span style="background-color: #13274F !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;">Principal owners</span></a> of the <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Braves" title="Atlanta Braves"><span style="background-color: #13274F !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;"><span style="background-color: #13274F !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;">Atlanta Braves</span></span></a> franchise</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;"><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Braves" title="Atlanta Braves"><span style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;">Boston Red Stockings/Red Caps/Beaneaters/<br />Doves/Rustlers/Bees/Braves</span></a> (<a href="/wiki/1871_in_baseball" title="1871 in baseball"><span style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;">1871</span></a>–<a href="/wiki/1952_in_baseball" title="1952 in baseball"><span style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;">1952</span></a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ivers_Whitney_Adams" title="Ivers Whitney Adams">Ivers Whitney Adams</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Conkey" title="John Conkey">John Conkey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_H._Porter_(mayor)" title="Charles H. Porter (mayor)">Charles Porter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Apollonio" title="Nicholas Apollonio">Nicholas Apollonio</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Soden" title="Arthur Soden">Arthur Soden</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Dovey" title="George Dovey">George</a> & <a href="/wiki/John_Dovey" title="John Dovey">John Dovey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Dovey" title="John Dovey">John Dovey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_P._Harris" title="John P. Harris">John P. Harris</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Hepburn_Russell_(baseball)" title="William Hepburn Russell (baseball)">William Hepburn Russell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_E._Gaffney" title="James E. Gaffney">James Gaffney</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Montgomery_Ward" title="John Montgomery Ward">John Montgomery Ward</a> & <a href="/wiki/James_E._Gaffney" title="James E. Gaffney">James Gaffney</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_E._Gaffney" title="James E. Gaffney">James Gaffney</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Percy_Haughton" title="Percy Haughton">Percy Haughton</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Grant" title="George Washington Grant">George W. Grant</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Christy_Mathewson" title="Christy Mathewson">Christy Mathewson</a> & <a href="/wiki/Emil_Fuchs_(baseball)" title="Emil Fuchs (baseball)">Emil Fuchs</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Emil_Fuchs_(baseball)" title="Emil Fuchs (baseball)">Emil Fuchs</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Adams_(ice_hockey)" title="Charles Adams (ice hockey)">Charles Adams</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Quinn_(baseball,_born_1870)" title="Bob Quinn (baseball, born 1870)">Bob Quinn</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lou_Perini" title="Lou Perini">Lou Perini</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;"><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Braves" title="Atlanta Braves"><span style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;">Milwaukee Braves</span></a> (<a href="/wiki/1953_in_baseball" title="1953 in baseball"><span style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;">1953</span></a>–<a href="/wiki/1965_in_baseball" title="1965 in baseball"><span style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;">1965</span></a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lou_Perini" title="Lou Perini">Lou Perini</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Bartholomay" title="William Bartholomay">William Bartholomay</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;"><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Braves" title="Atlanta Braves"><span style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;"><span style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;">Atlanta Braves</span></span></a> (<a href="/wiki/1966_in_baseball" title="1966 in baseball"><span style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;">1966</span></a>–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Bartholomay" title="William Bartholomay">William Bartholomay</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ted Turner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Turner_Broadcasting_System" title="Turner Broadcasting System">Turner Broadcasting</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Time_Warner" class="mw-redirect" title="Time Warner">Time Warner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Media" title="Liberty Media">Liberty Media</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Boston_/_Milwaukee_/_Atlanta_Braves_team_presidents" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #13274F !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CE1141, inset -2px -2px 0 #CE1141; !important;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Atlanta_Braves_Presidents" title="Template:Atlanta Braves Presidents"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Atlanta_Braves_Presidents" title="Template talk:Atlanta Braves Presidents"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Atlanta_Braves_Presidents" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Atlanta Braves Presidents"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Boston_/_Milwaukee_/_Atlanta_Braves_team_presidents" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Atlanta_Braves_owners_and_executives" title="List of Atlanta Braves owners and executives"><span style="color:#FFFFFF">Boston / Milwaukee / Atlanta Braves team presidents</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;">Boston Red Stockings/Red Caps/Beaneaters/<br />Doves/Rustlers/Bees/Braves (1871–1952)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ivers_Whitney_Adams" title="Ivers Whitney Adams">Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Conkey" title="John Conkey">Conkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_H._Porter_(mayor)" title="Charles H. Porter (mayor)">Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Apollonio" title="Nicholas Apollonio">Apollonio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Soden" title="Arthur Soden">Soden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Dovey" title="George Dovey">G. Dovey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dovey" title="John Dovey">J. Dovey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hepburn_Russell_(baseball)" title="William Hepburn Russell (baseball)">Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Montgomery_Ward" title="John Montgomery Ward">Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_E._Gaffney" title="James E. Gaffney">Gaffney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percy_Haughton" title="Percy Haughton">Haughton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Grant" title="George Washington Grant">Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christy_Mathewson" title="Christy Mathewson">Mathewson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emil_Fuchs_(baseball)" title="Emil Fuchs (baseball)">Fuchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Quinn_(baseball,_born_1870)" title="Bob Quinn (baseball, born 1870)">Quinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lou_Perini" title="Lou Perini">Perini</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;">Milwaukee Braves (1953–1965)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lou_Perini" title="Lou Perini">Perini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Cairnes" title="Joseph Cairnes">Cairnes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McHale_(baseball)" title="John McHale (baseball)">McHale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;">Atlanta Braves (1966–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_McHale_(baseball)" title="John McHale (baseball)">McHale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Bartholomay" title="William Bartholomay">Bartholomay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Donahue" title="Daniel Donahue">Donahue</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stan_Kasten" title="Stan Kasten">Kasten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_McGuirk" title="Terry McGuirk">McGuirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Schuerholz" title="John Schuerholz">Schuerholz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derek_Schiller" title="Derek Schiller">Schiller</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Members_of_the_Braves_Hall_of_Fame" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #13274F, inset -2px -2px 0 #13274F; !important;;;background-color: #13274F !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CE1141, inset -2px -2px 0 #CE1141; !important;;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Braves_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template:Braves Hall of Fame"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Braves_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template talk:Braves Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Braves_Hall_of_Fame" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Braves Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Members_of_the_Braves_Hall_of_Fame" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Members of the <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Allen_Jr._Braves_Museum_and_Hall_of_Fame" title="Ivan Allen Jr. Braves Museum and Hall of Fame"><span style="background-color: #CE1141 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;;background-color: #13274F !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;">Braves Hall of Fame</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hank_Aaron" title="Hank Aaron">Hank Aaron</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Adcock" title="Joe Adcock">Joe Adcock</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Bartholomay" title="William Bartholomay">William Bartholomay</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Skip_Caray" title="Skip Caray">Skip Caray</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rico_Carty" title="Rico Carty">Rico Carty</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Cox" title="Bobby Cox">Bobby Cox</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Del_Crandall" title="Del Crandall">Del Crandall</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Duffy" title="Hugh Duffy">Hugh Duffy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Garr" title="Ralph Garr">Ralph Garr</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Glavine" title="Tom Glavine">Tom Glavine</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Holmes" title="Tommy Holmes">Tommy Holmes</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tim_Hudson" title="Tim Hudson">Tim Hudson</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ernie_Johnson_(pitcher)" title="Ernie Johnson (pitcher)">Ernie Johnson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Andruw_Jones" title="Andruw Jones">Andruw Jones</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chipper_Jones" title="Chipper Jones">Chipper Jones</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Justice" title="David Justice">David Justice</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Herman_Long_(baseball)" title="Herman Long (baseball)">Herman Long</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Javy_L%C3%B3pez" title="Javy López">Javy López</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Lucas_(baseball)" title="Bill Lucas (baseball)">Bill Lucas</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Greg_Maddux" title="Greg Maddux">Greg Maddux</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rabbit_Maranville" title="Rabbit Maranville">Rabbit Maranville</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Mathews" title="Eddie Mathews">Eddie Mathews</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leo_Mazzone" title="Leo Mazzone">Leo Mazzone</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dale_Murphy" title="Dale Murphy">Dale Murphy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kid_Nichols" title="Kid Nichols">Kid Nichols</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Phil_Niekro" title="Phil Niekro">Phil Niekro</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Terry_Pendleton" title="Terry Pendleton">Terry Pendleton</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Sain" title="Johnny Sain">Johnny Sain</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Schuerholz" title="John Schuerholz">John Schuerholz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Simpson_(baseball)" title="Joe Simpson (baseball)">Joe Simpson</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Smoltz" title="John Smoltz">John Smoltz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Snyder_(baseball)" title="Paul Snyder (baseball)">Paul Snyder</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Don_Sutton" title="Don Sutton">Don Sutton</a> </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Tenney" title="Fred Tenney">Fred Tenney</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Torre" title="Joe Torre">Joe Torre</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ted Turner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pete_Van_Wieren" title="Pete Van Wieren">Pete Van Wieren</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="World_champions_in_5.5_Metre" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Footer_World_Champions_5.5_Metre" title="Template:Footer World Champions 5.5 Metre"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Footer_World_Champions_5.5_Metre" title="Template talk:Footer World Champions 5.5 Metre"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Footer_World_Champions_5.5_Metre" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Footer World Champions 5.5 Metre"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="World_champions_in_5.5_Metre" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/5.5_Metre_World_Championship" title="5.5 Metre World Championship">World champions in 5.5 Metre</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1961: <a href="/wiki/Louis_Noverraz" title="Louis Noverraz">Noverraz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1962: <a href="/wiki/Britton_Chance" title="Britton Chance">Chance</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1963: <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Hunt_(sailor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Raymond Hunt (sailor)">Hunt</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1965: <a href="/wiki/Agostino_Straulino" title="Agostino Straulino">Straulino</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1966: <a href="/wiki/Paul_Elvstr%C3%B8m" title="Paul Elvstrøm">Elvstrøm</a>, Strit Johansen & <a href="/wiki/Paul_Mik-Meyer" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul Mik-Meyer">Mik-Meyer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1967: <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Lindemann" title="Gordon Lindemann">Lindemann</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gordon_Bowers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gordon Bowers (page does not exist)">Bowers</a> & <a href="/wiki/Buddy_Melges" title="Buddy Melges">Melges</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1969: <a href="/wiki/Jean-Marie_le_Guillou" title="Jean-Marie le Guillou">J.-M. le Guillou</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikolas_le_Guillou&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nikolas le Guillou (page does not exist)">N. le Guillou</a> & <a href="/w/index.php?title=Daniel_Tassin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daniel Tassin (page does not exist)">Tassin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1970: <a href="/wiki/David_Forbes_(sailor)" title="David Forbes (sailor)">Forbes</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kevin_McCann_(sailor)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kevin McCann (sailor) (page does not exist)">McCann</a> & <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jim_Gannon_(sailor)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jim Gannon (sailor) (page does not exist)">Gannon</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1971: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Turner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1972: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Claude_Bigar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Claude Bigar (page does not exist)">Bigar</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1973: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ernest_Fay&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ernest Fay (page does not exist)">E. Fay</a> 6 <a href="/wiki/Buddy_Melges" title="Buddy Melges">Melges</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1974: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Norman_Booth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norman Booth (page does not exist)">Booth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_O%27Donnell_(sailor)" title="Peter O'Donnell (sailor)">O’Donnell</a> & <a href="/wiki/Carl_Ryves" title="Carl Ryves">Ryves</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1975: <i>no champion decided</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1976: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Tolhurst&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frank Tolhurst (page does not exist)">F. Tolhurst</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_Tolhurst&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mark Tolhurst (page does not exist)">M. Tolhurst</a> & <a href="/w/index.php?title=Norman_Hyett&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norman Hyett (page does not exist)">Hyett</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1977: <a href="/w/index.php?title=H._Vaughan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="H. Vaughan (page does not exist)">Vaughan</a>, McLaine & <a href="/w/index.php?title=Phil_Smidmore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phil Smidmore (page does not exist)">Smidmore</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1978: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Tolhurst&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frank Tolhurst (page does not exist)">Tolhurst</a>, Mitchell & <a href="/w/index.php?title=Steve_Gosling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Steve Gosling (page does not exist)">Gosling</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1979: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Tolhurst&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frank Tolhurst (page does not exist)">Tolhurst</a>, Mitchell & <a href="/w/index.php?title=Keith_Ravell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keith Ravell (page does not exist)">Ravell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1980: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Symonette" title="Robert Symonette">Symonette</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1981: <a href="/wiki/Roy_Tutty" title="Roy Tutty">Tutty</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Phil_Smidmore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phil Smidmore (page does not exist)">Smidmore</a> & <a href="/w/index.php?title=Colin_Beashal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Colin Beashal (page does not exist)">Beashal</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1982: <a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Vuithier_Sr." title="Jean-Claude Vuithier Sr.">Vuithier</a>, L'Huillier & Serrasin</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1983: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Bel_Fay" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert Bel Fay">A. B. Fay</a> & <a href="/wiki/Buddy_Melges" title="Buddy Melges">Melges</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1984: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Philippe_D%C3%BCrr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philippe Dürr (page does not exist)">Dürr</a>, Vouga & Homberger</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1985: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Philippe_D%C3%BCrr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philippe Dürr (page does not exist)">Dürr</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1986: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Symonette" title="Robert Symonette">Symonette</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ulf_Sundelin" title="Ulf Sundelin">Sundelin</a> & <a href="/wiki/Michael_Baker-Harber" title="Michael Baker-Harber">Baker-Harber</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1987: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ronald_Pieper_(sailor)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ronald Pieper (sailor) (page does not exist)">Pieper</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1988: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rico_Gregorini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rico Gregorini (page does not exist)">Gregorini</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1989: <a href="/w/index.php?title=G._Francisco_IV&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="G. Francisco IV (page does not exist)">Francisco</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1990: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalle_Nergaard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalle Nergaard (page does not exist)">Kalle Nergaard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kristian_Nergaard" title="Kristian Nergaard">Nergaard</a> & <a href="/wiki/Espen_Stokkeland" title="Espen Stokkeland">Stokkeland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1991: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_Wahl_(sailor)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christian Wahl (sailor) (page does not exist)">Wahl</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Philippe_D%C3%BCrr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philippe Dürr (page does not exist)">Dürr</a> & <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Bonjour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre Bonjour (page does not exist)">Bonjour</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1992: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_Wahl_(sailor)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christian Wahl (sailor) (page does not exist)">Wahl</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Bonjour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre Bonjour (page does not exist)">Bonjour</a> & <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alain_Marchand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alain Marchand (page does not exist)">Marchand</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1993: <a href="/wiki/Kristian_Nergaard" title="Kristian Nergaard">Nergaard</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalle_Nergaard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalle Nergaard (page does not exist)">Kalle Nergaard</a> & <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christen_Horn_Johannesen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christen Horn Johannesen (page does not exist)">Horn Johannesen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1994: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dominique_Lauener&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dominique Lauener (page does not exist)">Lauener</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1995: <a href="/wiki/Glen_Foster" title="Glen Foster">Foster</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1996: <a href="/wiki/Kristian_Nergaard" title="Kristian Nergaard">Nergaard</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christen_Horn_Johannesen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christen Horn Johannesen (page does not exist)">Horn Johannesen</a> & <a href="/wiki/Dag_Usterud" title="Dag Usterud">Usterud</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1997: <a href="/wiki/Glen_Foster" title="Glen Foster">Foster</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ronald_Rosenburg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ronald Rosenburg (page does not exist)">Rosenburg</a> & <a href="/wiki/Mark_Covell" title="Mark Covell">Covell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1998: <a href="/wiki/Glen_Foster" title="Glen Foster">Foster</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mark_Covell" title="Mark Covell">Covell</a> & <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Bennet_(sailor)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Bennet (sailor) (page does not exist)">Bennet</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1999: <a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%BCrg_Menzi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jürg Menzi (page does not exist)">Menzi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Juerg_Christen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juerg Christen (page does not exist)">Christen</a> & <a href="/w/index.php?title=Daniel_Stampfli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daniel Stampfli (page does not exist)">Stampfli</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2000: <a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%BCrg_Menzi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jürg Menzi (page does not exist)">Menzi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Daniel_Stampfli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daniel Stampfli (page does not exist)">Stampfli</a> & <a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%BCrg_Christen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jürg Christen (page does not exist)">Christen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2001: <a href="/wiki/Jochen_Sch%C3%BCmann" title="Jochen Schümann">Schüman</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ronald_Pieper_(sailor)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ronald Pieper (sailor) (page does not exist)">Pieper</a> & <a href="/wiki/Peter_van_Niekerk" title="Peter van Niekerk">van Niekerk</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2002: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bruno_Marazzi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bruno Marazzi (page does not exist)">B. Marazzi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flavio_Marazzi" title="Flavio Marazzi">F. Marazzi</a> & <a href="/wiki/Renato_Marazzi" title="Renato Marazzi">R. Marazzi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2003: <a href="/wiki/Kristian_Nergaard" title="Kristian Nergaard">Nergaard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mark_Covell" title="Mark Covell">Covell</a> & <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Hauff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Hauff (page does not exist)">Hauff</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2004: <a href="/wiki/Flavio_Marazzi" title="Flavio Marazzi">F. Marazzi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Enrico_De_Maria" title="Enrico De Maria">De Maria</a> & <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stefan_Haftka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stefan Haftka (page does not exist)">Haftka</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2005: <a href="/wiki/Jochen_Sch%C3%BCmann" title="Jochen Schümann">Schümann</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Roni_Pieper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roni Pieper (page does not exist)">Pieper</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2006: <a href="/wiki/Flavio_Marazzi" title="Flavio Marazzi">F. Marazzi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Etienne_Huter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Etienne Huter (page does not exist)">Huter</a> & <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stefan_Haftka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stefan Haftka (page does not exist)">Haftka</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2007: <a href="/wiki/Flavio_Marazzi" title="Flavio Marazzi">F. Marazzi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stefan_Haftka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stefan Haftka (page does not exist)">Haftka</a> & <a href="/wiki/Eki_Heinonen" title="Eki Heinonen">Heinonen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2008: <a href="/wiki/Kristian_Nergaard" title="Kristian Nergaard">Nergaard</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harry_Melges_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harry Melges III (page does not exist)">Melges</a> & <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_Strube&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mark Strube (page does not exist)">Strube</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2009: <a href="/wiki/Kristian_Nergaard" title="Kristian Nergaard">Nergaard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johan_Barne" title="Johan Barne">Barne</a> & <a href="/w/index.php?title=Petrus_Eide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petrus Eide (page does not exist)">Eide</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2010: <a href="/wiki/Flavio_Marazzi" title="Flavio Marazzi">F. Marazzi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Palfrey" title="Andrew Palfrey">Palfrey</a> & <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christof_Wilke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christof Wilke (page does not exist)">Wilke</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2011: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kenneth_Thelen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kenneth Thelen (page does not exist)">Thelen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hallberg" title="Thomas Hallberg">Hallberg</a> & <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Nyberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Nyberg (page does not exist)">Nyberg</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2012: <a href="/wiki/Kristian_Nergaard" title="Kristian Nergaard">Nergaard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johan_Barne" title="Johan Barne">Barne</a> & <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trond_Solli_S%C3%A6ther&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trond Solli Sæther (page does not exist)">Solli Sæther</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2013: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marcus_Wieser&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marcus Wieser (page does not exist)">Wieser</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frithjof_Kleen" title="Frithjof Kleen">Kleen</a> & <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Auracher" title="Thomas Auracher">Auracher</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2014: <a href="/wiki/Flavio_Marazzi" title="Flavio Marazzi">F. Marazzi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jakob_Gustafsson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jakob Gustafsson (page does not exist)">Gustafsson</a> & <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christoph_Burger_(sailor)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christoph Burger (sailor) (page does not exist)">Burger</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2015: <a href="/wiki/Kristian_Nergaard" title="Kristian Nergaard">Nergaard</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trond_Solli_S%C3%A6ther&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trond Solli Sæther (page does not exist)">Solli Sæther</a> & <a href="/wiki/Johan_Barne" title="Johan Barne">Barne</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2016: <a href="/wiki/Kristian_Nergaard" title="Kristian Nergaard">Nergaard</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trond_Solli_S%C3%A6ther&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trond Solli Sæther (page does not exist)">Solli Sæther</a> & <a href="/wiki/Johan_Barne" title="Johan Barne">Barne</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2017: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gavin_McKinney&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gavin McKinney (page does not exist)">McKinney</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathias_Dahlman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mathias Dahlman (page does not exist)">Dahlman</a> & <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lars_Horn_Johannessen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lars Horn Johannessen (page does not exist)">Johannessen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2018: <a href="/wiki/Mark_Holowesko" title="Mark Holowesko">Holowesko</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christoph_Burger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christoph Burger (page does not exist)">Burger</a> & <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Vlasov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Vlasov (page does not exist)">Peter Vlasov</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2019: <a href="/wiki/Kristian_Nergaard" title="Kristian Nergaard">Nergaard</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trond_Solli_S%C3%A6ther&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trond Solli Sæther (page does not exist)">Trond Solli Sæther</a> & <a href="/wiki/Johan_Barne" title="Johan Barne">Barne</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2020: <a href="/wiki/Kristian_Nergaard" title="Kristian Nergaard">Nergaard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anders_Pedersen_(sailor)" title="Anders Pedersen (sailor)">Pedersen</a> & <a href="/wiki/Johan_Barne" title="Johan Barne">Barne</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2021: Cancelled due to COVID 19 </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2022: <a href="/wiki/Elliot_Hanson" title="Elliot Hanson">Hanson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Palfrey" title="Andrew Palfrey">Palfrey</a> & <a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_Haines&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samuel Haines (page does not exist)">Samuel Haines</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2023: <a href="/wiki/Mateusz_Kusznierewicz" title="Mateusz Kusznierewicz">Kusznierewicz</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Przemys%C5%82aw_Gacek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Przemysław Gacek (page does not exist)">Przemysław Gacek</a> & <a href="/wiki/Edward_Wright_(sailor)" title="Edward Wright (sailor)">Wright</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="International_Emmy_Directorate_Award" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #F9EFAA;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:International_Emmy_Directorate_Award" title="Template:International Emmy Directorate Award"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:International_Emmy_Directorate_Award" title="Template talk:International Emmy Directorate Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:International_Emmy_Directorate_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:International Emmy Directorate Award"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="International_Emmy_Directorate_Award" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/International_Emmy_Directorate_Award" title="International Emmy Directorate Award">International Emmy Directorate Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Curran_(television_executive)" title="Charles Curran (television executive)">Charles Curran</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_V._Charyk" title="Joseph V. Charyk">Joseph V. Charyk</a> (1974)</li> <li>Junzo Imamichi (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talbot_Duckmanton" title="Talbot Duckmanton">Talbot Duckmanton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Roberto_Marinho" title="Roberto Marinho">Roberto Marinho</a> / <a href="/wiki/Howard_Thomas_(producer)" title="Howard Thomas (producer)">Howard Thomas</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphonse_Ouimet" title="Alphonse Ouimet">Alphonse Quimet</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prix_Italia" title="Prix Italia">Prix Italia</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Stanton_(executive)" title="Frank Stanton (executive)">Frank Stanton</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lew_Grade" title="Lew Grade">Lew Grade</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huw_Wheldon" title="Huw Wheldon">Huw Wheldon</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akio_Morita" title="Akio Morita">Akio Morita</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Marinho" title="Roberto Marinho">Roberto Marinho</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Bernstein,_Baron_Bernstein" title="Sidney Bernstein, Baron Bernstein">Sidney Bernstein</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Goldenson" title="Leonard Goldenson">Leonard Goldenson</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Schmertz" title="Herbert Schmertz">Herbert Schmertz</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Isaacs" title="Jeremy Isaacs">Jeremy Isaacs</a> (1987)</li> <li>Vittorio Boni (1988)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ted Turner</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrikas_Yushkiavitshus" class="mw-redirect" title="Henrikas Yushkiavitshus">Henrikas Yushkiavitshus</a> (1990)</li> <li>Henry Becton (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silvio_Berlusconi" title="Silvio Berlusconi">Silvio Berlusconi</a> (1992)</li> <li>Andre Rousselet (1993)</li> <li>Helmut Thoma (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Birt,_Baron_Birt" title="John Birt, Baron Birt">John Birt</a> (1995)</li> <li>Herbert A. Granath (1996)</li> <li>Dieter Stolte (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Nilsson" class="mw-redirect" title="Sam Nilsson">Sam Nilsson</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Baruch" title="Ralph Baruch">Ralph Baruch</a> (1999)</li> <li>Su-Ming Cheng (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Cisneros" title="Gustavo Cisneros">Gustavo Cisneros</a> (2001)</li> <li>Katsuji Ebisawa (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Dyke" title="Greg Dyke">Greg Dyke</a> (2003)</li> <li>Herbert Kloiber (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Allen,_Baron_Allen_of_Kensington" title="Charles Allen, Baron Allen of Kensington">Charles Allen</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_S._Lauder" class="mw-redirect" title="Ronald S. Lauder">Ronald S. Lauder</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Le_Lay" title="Patrick Le Lay">Patrick Le Lay</a> (2007)</li> <li>Liu Changle (2008)</li> <li>Markus Schächter (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorne_Michaels" title="Lorne Michaels">Lorne Michaels</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subhash_Chandra" title="Subhash Chandra">Subhash Chandra</a> (2011)</li> <li>Kim In-Kyu (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anke_Sch%C3%A4ferkordt" title="Anke Schäferkordt">Anke Schäferkordt</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Irineu_Marinho" title="Roberto Irineu Marinho">Roberto Irineu Marinho</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Plepler" title="Richard Plepler">Richard Plepler</a> (2015)</li> <li>Maria Rørbye Rønn (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emilio_Azc%C3%A1rraga_Jean" title="Emilio Azcárraga Jean">Emilio Azcárraga Jean</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophie_Turner_Laing" title="Sophie Turner Laing">Sophie Turner Laing</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christiane_Amanpour" title="Christiane Amanpour">Christiane Amanpour</a> (2019)</li> <li>No Award (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Bellut" title="Thomas Bellut">Thomas Bellut</a> (2021)</li> <li>Miky Lee (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekta_Kapoor" title="Ekta Kapoor">Ekta Kapoor</a> (2023)</li> <li>Sidonie Dumas (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Primetime_Emmy_Governors_Award" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #F9EFAA;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:EmmyAward_GovernorsAward" title="Template:EmmyAward GovernorsAward"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:EmmyAward_GovernorsAward" title="Template talk:EmmyAward GovernorsAward"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:EmmyAward_GovernorsAward" title="Special:EditPage/Template:EmmyAward GovernorsAward"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Primetime_Emmy_Governors_Award" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Primetime_Emmy_Awards" title="Primetime Emmy Awards">Primetime Emmy Governors Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F9EFAA;;width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_S._Paley" title="William S. Paley">William S. Paley</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Cronkite" title="Walter Cronkite">Walter Cronkite</a> (1979)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F9EFAA;;width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Carson" title="Johnny Carson">Johnny Carson</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elton_Rule" title="Elton Rule">Elton Rule</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hallmark_Cards" title="Hallmark Cards">Hallmark Cards, Inc.</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Weaver" title="Pat Weaver">Sylvester L. "Pat" Weaver</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Hope" title="Bob Hope">Bob Hope</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alistair_Cooke" title="Alistair Cooke">Alistair Cooke</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Skelton" title="Red Skelton">Red Skelton</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grant_Tinker" title="Grant Tinker">Grant Tinker</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hanna" title="William Hanna">William Hanna</a> & <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Barbera" title="Joseph Barbera">Joseph Barbera</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball">Lucille Ball</a> (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F9EFAA;;width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Goldenson" title="Leonard Goldenson">Leonard Goldenson</a> (1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Masterpiece_(TV_series)" title="Masterpiece (TV series)">Masterpiece Theatre</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ted Turner</a> (1992)</li> <li>No Award (1993)</li> <li>No Award (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/USA_Network" title="USA Network">USA</a>'s Erase the Hate Campaign / Turner's Native American Initiative (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a>'s March Against Drugs Campaign / <a href="/wiki/Comic_Relief_USA" title="Comic Relief USA">Comic Relief USA</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jac_Venza" title="Jac Venza">Jac Venza</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_(American_TV_channel)" title="National Geographic (American TV channel)">National Geographic Channel</a> / <i><a href="/wiki/Great_Books_(TV_program)" title="Great Books (TV program)">Great Books</a></i> Literacy Project (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTV" title="MTV">MTV</a>'s "Fight for Your Rights: Take a Stand Against Violence" / <i><a href="/wiki/Save_Our_History" title="Save Our History">Save Our History</a></i> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F9EFAA;;width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%26E_(TV_network)" title="A&E (TV network)">A&E</a>'s The Biography Project for Schools / <i>The Teen Files</i> / <a href="/wiki/VH1" title="VH1">VH1 Save the Music Foundation</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a> / <a href="/wiki/Showtime_(TV_network)" title="Showtime (TV network)">Showtime</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a>, <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fox_Broadcasting_Company" title="Fox Broadcasting Company">Fox</a> and <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a> for <i><a href="/wiki/America:_A_Tribute_to_Heroes" title="America: A Tribute to Heroes">America: A Tribute to Heroes</a></i> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lifetime_(TV_network)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lifetime (TV network)">Lifetime Network</a>'s "Stop the Violence Against Women" initiative (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viacom_(1952%E2%80%932006)" class="mw-redirect" title="Viacom (1952–2006)">Viacom Inc.</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Lewis" title="Jerry Lewis">Jerry Lewis</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTVU" title="MTVU">MTVu</a> Campaign for <a href="/wiki/Darfur" title="Darfur">Darfur</a> (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Idol_Gives_Back" title="Idol Gives Back">Idol Gives Back</a></i> / <i>The Addiction Project</i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Planet_Earth_(1986_TV_series)" title="Planet Earth (1986 TV series)">Planet Earth</a></i> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheila_Nevins" title="Sheila Nevins">Sheila Nevins</a> and her HBO documentary unit (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F9EFAA;;width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Brokaw" title="Norman Brokaw">Norman Brokaw</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ad_Council" title="Ad Council">Ad Council</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Walsh_(television_host)" title="John Walsh (television host)">John Walsh</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/It_Gets_Better_Project" title="It Gets Better Project">It Gets Better Project</a> (co-founders <a href="/wiki/Dan_Savage" title="Dan Savage">Dan Savage</a> and Terry Miller) (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_Foray" title="June Foray">June Foray</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Dougherty" title="Marion Dougherty">Marion Dougherty</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%26E_Networks" title="A&E Networks">A+E Networks</a> (2015)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/American_Idol" title="American Idol">American Idol</a></i> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITVS" title="ITVS">ITVS</a> (2017)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek:_The_Original_Series" title="Star Trek: The Original Series">Star Trek</a></i> (2018)</li> <li>No Award (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #F9EFAA;;width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tyler_Perry" title="Tyler Perry">Tyler Perry</a> and The Perry Foundation (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debbie_Allen" title="Debbie Allen">Debbie Allen</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geena_Davis_Institute_on_Gender_in_Media" class="mw-redirect" title="Geena Davis Institute on Gender in Media">Geena Davis Institute on Gender in Media</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/GLAAD" title="GLAAD">GLAAD</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Berlanti" title="Greg Berlanti">Greg Berlanti</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sports_Lifetime_Achievement_Award" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #F9EFAA;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sports_Lifetime_Achievement_Award" title="Template:Sports Lifetime Achievement Award"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sports_Lifetime_Achievement_Award" title="Template talk:Sports Lifetime Achievement Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sports_Lifetime_Achievement_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sports Lifetime Achievement Award"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sports_Lifetime_Achievement_Award" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sports_Lifetime_Achievement_Award" title="Sports Lifetime Achievement Award">Sports Lifetime Achievement Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jim_McKay" title="Jim McKay">Jim McKay</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lindsey_Nelson" title="Lindsey Nelson">Lindsey Nelson</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curt_Gowdy" title="Curt Gowdy">Curt Gowdy</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Schenkel" title="Chris Schenkel">Chris Schenkel</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Summerall" title="Pat Summerall">Pat Summerall</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Cosell" title="Howard Cosell">Howard Cosell</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vin_Scully" title="Vin Scully">Vin Scully</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Gifford" title="Frank Gifford">Frank Gifford</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Simpson_(sportscaster)" title="Jim Simpson (sportscaster)">Jim Simpson</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keith_Jackson" title="Keith Jackson">Keith Jackson</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Buck" title="Jack Buck">Jack Buck</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Enberg" title="Dick Enberg">Dick Enberg</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herb_Granath" title="Herb Granath">Herb Granath</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roone_Arledge" title="Roone Arledge">Roone Arledge</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Sabol" title="Ed Sabol">Ed Sabol</a> and <a href="/wiki/Steve_Sabol" title="Steve Sabol">Steve Sabol</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chet_Simmons" title="Chet Simmons">Chet Simmons</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bud_Greenspan" title="Bud Greenspan">Bud Greenspan</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Ohlmeyer" title="Don Ohlmeyer">Don Ohlmeyer</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Chirkinian" title="Frank Chirkinian">Frank Chirkinian</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Ebersol" title="Dick Ebersol">Dick Ebersol</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Madden" title="John Madden">John Madden</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Michaels" title="Al Michaels">Al Michaels</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Whitaker" title="Jack Whitaker">Jack Whitaker</a> (2011)</li> <li><i>Not awarded (2012)</i></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ted Turner</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Bodenheimer" title="George Bodenheimer">George Bodenheimer</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verne_Lundquist" title="Verne Lundquist">Verne Lundquist</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brent_Musburger" title="Brent Musburger">Brent Musburger</a> (2016)</li> <li>Barry Frank (2017)</li> <li><i>Not awarded (2018)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Vitale" title="Dick Vitale">Dick Vitale</a> (2019)</li> <li><i>Not awarded (2020)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesley_Visser" title="Lesley Visser">Lesley Visser</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryant_Gumbel" title="Bryant Gumbel">Bryant Gumbel</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Brown_(sportscaster)" title="James Brown (sportscaster)">James Brown</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Norman_Lear_Achievement_Award" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #ABCDEF"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Norman_Lear_Achievement_Award_in_Television" title="Template:Norman Lear Achievement Award in Television"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Norman_Lear_Achievement_Award_in_Television" title="Template talk:Norman Lear Achievement Award in Television"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Norman_Lear_Achievement_Award_in_Television" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Norman Lear Achievement Award in Television"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Norman_Lear_Achievement_Award" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Norman_Lear_Achievement_Award_in_Television" title="Norman Lear Achievement Award in Television">Norman Lear Achievement Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_L._Wolper" title="David L. Wolper">David L. Wolper</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grant_Tinker" title="Grant Tinker">Grant Tinker</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_de_Cordova" title="Fred de Cordova">Fred de Cordova</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Hewitt" title="Don Hewitt">Don Hewitt</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Huggins" title="Roy Huggins">Roy Huggins</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Goldenson" title="Leonard Goldenson">Leonard Goldenson</a> (1995)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ted Turner</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Scherick" title="Edgar Scherick">Edgar Scherick</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garry_Marshall" title="Garry Marshall">Garry Marshall</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Stark" title="Ray Stark">Ray Stark</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Spelling" title="Aaron Spelling">Aaron Spelling</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_E._Kelley" title="David E. Kelley">David E. Kelley</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcy_Carsey" title="Marcy Carsey">Marcy Carsey</a> / <a href="/wiki/Caryn_Mandabach" title="Caryn Mandabach">Caryn Mandabach</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tom_Werner" title="Tom Werner">Tom Werner</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bud_Yorkin" title="Bud Yorkin">Bud Yorkin</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorne_Michaels" title="Lorne Michaels">Lorne Michaels</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wells_(filmmaker)" title="John Wells (filmmaker)">John Wells</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Lear" title="Norman Lear">Norman Lear</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Bruckheimer" title="Jerry Bruckheimer">Jerry Bruckheimer</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Wolf" title="Dick Wolf">Dick Wolf</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Chase" title="David Chase">David Chase</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Burnett" title="Mark Burnett">Mark Burnett</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Hanks" title="Tom Hanks">Tom Hanks</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Mischer" title="Don Mischer">Don Mischer</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._J._Abrams" title="J. J. Abrams">J. J. Abrams</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Lorre" title="Chuck Lorre">Chuck Lorre</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Gordon_(producer)" title="Mark Gordon (producer)">Mark Gordon</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shonda_Rhimes" title="Shonda Rhimes">Shonda Rhimes</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_L._Brooks" title="James L. Brooks">James L. Brooks</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryan_Murphy_(producer)" title="Ryan Murphy (producer)">Ryan Murphy</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Sherman-Palladino" title="Amy Sherman-Palladino">Amy Sherman-Palladino</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marta_Kauffman" title="Marta Kauffman">Marta Kauffman</a> (2020)</li> <li><i>not awarded</i> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Berlanti" title="Greg Berlanti">Greg Berlanti</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mindy_Kaling" title="Mindy Kaling">Mindy Kaling</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="TCA_Career_Achievement_Award" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:TCA_Career_Achievement_Award" title="Template:TCA Career Achievement Award"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:TCA_Career_Achievement_Award" title="Template talk:TCA Career Achievement Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:TCA_Career_Achievement_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:TCA Career Achievement Award"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="TCA_Career_Achievement_Award" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/TCA_Career_Achievement_Award" title="TCA Career Achievement Award">TCA Career Achievement Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grant_Tinker" title="Grant Tinker">Grant Tinker</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Cronkite" title="Walter Cronkite">Walter Cronkite</a> (1986)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hill_Street_Blues" title="Hill Street Blues">Hill Street Blues</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Brinkley" title="David Brinkley">David Brinkley</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball">Lucille Ball</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Henson" title="Jim Henson">Jim Henson</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brandon_Tartikoff" title="Brandon Tartikoff">Brandon Tartikoff</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Carson" title="Johnny Carson">Johnny Carson</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Hope" title="Bob Hope">Bob Hope</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Kuralt" title="Charles Kuralt">Charles Kuralt</a> (1994)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ted Turner</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Lansbury" title="Angela Lansbury">Angela Lansbury</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Rogers" title="Fred Rogers">Fred Rogers</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roone_Arledge" title="Roone Arledge">Roone Arledge</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Lear" title="Norman Lear">Norman Lear</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Van_Dyke" title="Dick Van Dyke">Dick Van Dyke</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sid_Caesar" title="Sid Caesar">Sid Caesar</a> (2001)</li> <li><s><a href="/wiki/Bill_Cosby" title="Bill Cosby">Bill Cosby</a></s> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Reiner" title="Carl Reiner">Carl Reiner</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Hewitt" title="Don Hewitt">Don Hewitt</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Newhart" title="Bob Newhart">Bob Newhart</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carol_Burnett" title="Carol Burnett">Carol Burnett</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Tyler_Moore" title="Mary Tyler Moore">Mary Tyler Moore</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorne_Michaels" title="Lorne Michaels">Lorne Michaels</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betty_White" title="Betty White">Betty White</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Garner" title="James Garner">James Garner</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oprah_Winfrey" title="Oprah Winfrey">Oprah Winfrey</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Letterman" title="David Letterman">David Letterman</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Walters" title="Barbara Walters">Barbara Walters</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Burrows" title="James Burrows">James Burrows</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_L._Brooks" title="James L. Brooks">James L. Brooks</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lily_Tomlin" title="Lily Tomlin">Lily Tomlin</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Burns" title="Ken Burns">Ken Burns</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rita_Moreno" title="Rita Moreno">Rita Moreno</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Milch" title="David Milch">David Milch</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Trebek" title="Alex Trebek">Alex Trebek</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Smart" title="Jean Smart">Jean Smart</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Danson" title="Ted Danson">Ted Danson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Steve_Martin" title="Steve Martin">Steve Martin</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Brooks" title="Mel Brooks">Mel Brooks</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andre_Braugher" title="Andre Braugher">Andre Braugher</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Television_Hall_of_Fame_Class_of_1991" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1991_Television_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template:1991 Television Hall of Fame"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1991_Television_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template talk:1991 Television Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1991_Television_Hall_of_Fame" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1991 Television Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Television_Hall_of_Fame_Class_of_1991" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Television_Hall_of_Fame" title="Television Hall of Fame">Television Hall of Fame</a> Class of 1991</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Cosby" title="Bill Cosby">Bill Cosby</a> (removed 2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Griffith" title="Andy Griffith">Andy Griffith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Koppel" title="Ted Koppel">Ted Koppel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Leonard" title="Sheldon Leonard">Sheldon Leonard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinah_Shore" title="Dinah Shore">Dinah Shore</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ted Turner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Time_Persons_of_the_Year" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Time_Persons_of_the_Year" title="Template:Time Persons of the Year"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Time_Persons_of_the_Year" title="Template talk:Time Persons of the Year"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Time_Persons_of_the_Year" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Time Persons of the Year"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Time_Persons_of_the_Year" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Time_Person_of_the_Year" title="Time Person of the Year"><i>Time</i> Persons of the Year</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1927–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Lindbergh" title="Charles Lindbergh">Charles Lindbergh</a> (1927)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Chrysler" title="Walter Chrysler">Walter Chrysler</a> (1928)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Owen_D._Young" title="Owen D. Young">Owen D. Young</a> (1929)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Mohandas Gandhi</a> (1930)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Laval" title="Pierre Laval">Pierre Laval</a> (1931)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> (1932)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_S._Johnson" title="Hugh S. Johnson">Hugh S. Johnson</a> (1933)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> (1934)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Haile_Selassie" title="Haile Selassie">Haile Selassie</a> (1935)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wallis_Simpson" title="Wallis Simpson">Wallis Simpson</a> (1936)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chiang_Kai-shek" title="Chiang Kai-shek">Chiang Kai-shek</a> / <a href="/wiki/Soong_Mei-ling" title="Soong Mei-ling">Soong Mei-ling</a> (1937)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a> (1938)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Joseph Stalin</a> (1939)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a> (1940)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> (1941)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Joseph Stalin</a> (1942)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_C._Marshall" title="George C. Marshall">George Marshall</a> (1943)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a> (1944)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> (1945)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_F._Byrnes" title="James F. Byrnes">James F. Byrnes</a> (1946)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_C._Marshall" title="George C. Marshall">George Marshall</a> (1947)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a> (1948)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a> (1949)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">The American Fighting-Man</a> (1950)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1951–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Mosaddegh" title="Mohammad Mosaddegh">Mohammed Mosaddeq</a> (1951)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II </a> (1952)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Adenauer" title="Konrad Adenauer">Konrad Adenauer</a> (1953)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Foster_Dulles" title="John Foster Dulles">John Foster Dulles</a> (1954)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harlow_Curtice" title="Harlow Curtice">Harlow Curtice</a> (1955)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1956" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1956">Hungarian Freedom Fighters</a> (1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nikita_Khrushchev" title="Nikita Khrushchev">Nikita Khrushchev</a> (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle" title="Charles de Gaulle">Charles de Gaulle</a> (1958)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="wrap"> U.S. Scientists: <a href="/wiki/George_Beadle" title="George Beadle">George Beadle</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_Stark_Draper" title="Charles Stark Draper">Charles Draper</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Franklin_Enders" title="John Franklin Enders">John Enders</a> / <a href="/wiki/Donald_A._Glaser" title="Donald A. Glaser">Donald A. Glaser</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Lederberg" title="Joshua Lederberg">Joshua Lederberg</a> / <a href="/wiki/Willard_Libby" title="Willard Libby">Willard Libby</a> / <a href="/wiki/Linus_Pauling" title="Linus Pauling">Linus Pauling</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edward_Mills_Purcell" title="Edward Mills Purcell">Edward Purcell</a> / <a href="/wiki/Isidor_Isaac_Rabi" title="Isidor Isaac Rabi">Isidor Rabi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Emilio_Segr%C3%A8" title="Emilio Segrè">Emilio Segrè</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_Shockley" title="William Shockley">William Shockley</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edward_Teller" title="Edward Teller">Edward Teller</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_H._Townes" title="Charles H. Townes">Charles Townes</a> / <a href="/wiki/James_Van_Allen" title="James Van Allen">James Van Allen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Burns_Woodward" title="Robert Burns Woodward">Robert Woodward</a> </span> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a> (1961)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_XXIII" title="Pope John XXIII">Pope John XXIII</a> (1962)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Martin Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.</a> (1963)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> (1964)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Westmoreland" title="William Westmoreland">William Westmoreland</a> (1965)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Baby_boomers" title="Baby boomers">The Generation Twenty-Five and Under</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="wrap"> <a href="/wiki/Apollo_8" title="Apollo 8">The Apollo 8 Astronauts</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Anders" title="William Anders">William Anders</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frank_Borman" title="Frank Borman">Frank Borman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jim_Lovell" title="Jim Lovell">Jim Lovell</a> </span> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Middle_America_(United_States)" title="Middle America (United States)">The Middle Americans</a> (1969)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Willy Brandt</a> (1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> (1971)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Kissinger" title="Henry Kissinger">Henry Kissinger</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Sirica" title="John Sirica">John Sirica</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Faisal_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Faisal of Saudi Arabia">King Faisal</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="wrap"> American Women: <a href="/wiki/Susan_Brownmiller" title="Susan Brownmiller">Susan Brownmiller</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Byerly" title="Kathleen Byerly">Kathleen Byerly</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alison_Cheek" title="Alison Cheek">Alison Cheek</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jill_Ker_Conway" title="Jill Ker Conway">Jill Conway</a> / <a href="/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford">Betty Ford</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ella_Grasso" title="Ella Grasso">Ella Grasso</a> / <a href="/wiki/Carla_Anderson_Hills" title="Carla Anderson Hills">Carla Hills</a> / <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Jordan" title="Barbara Jordan">Barbara Jordan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Billie_Jean_King" title="Billie Jean King">Billie Jean King</a> / <a href="/wiki/Susie_Sharp" title="Susie Sharp">Susie Sharp</a> / <a href="/wiki/Carol_Sutton_(journalist)" title="Carol Sutton (journalist)">Carol Sutton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Addie_L._Wyatt" title="Addie L. Wyatt">Addie Wyatt</a> </span> (1975)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anwar_Sadat" title="Anwar Sadat">Anwar Sadat</a> (1977)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ruhollah_Khomeini" title="Ruhollah Khomeini">Ayatollah Khomeini</a> (1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lech_Wa%C5%82%C4%99sa" title="Lech Wałęsa">Lech Wałęsa</a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Personal_computer" title="Personal computer">The Computer</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yuri_Andropov" title="Yuri Andropov">Yuri Andropov</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Ueberroth" title="Peter Ueberroth">Peter Ueberroth</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Corazon_Aquino" title="Corazon Aquino">Corazon Aquino</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Environmentalism" title="Environmentalism">The Endangered Earth</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ted Turner</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="wrap"> The Peacemakers: <a href="/wiki/Yasser_Arafat" title="Yasser Arafat">Yasser Arafat</a> / <a href="/wiki/F._W._de_Klerk" title="F. W. de Klerk">F. W. de Klerk</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Rabin" title="Yitzhak Rabin">Yitzhak Rabin</a> </span> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Newt_Gingrich" title="Newt Gingrich">Newt Gingrich</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Ho" title="David Ho">David Ho</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Grove" title="Andrew Grove">Andrew Grove</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ken_Starr" title="Ken Starr">Ken Starr</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Bezos" title="Jeff Bezos">Jeff Bezos</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> (2000)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rudy_Giuliani" title="Rudy Giuliani">Rudolph Giuliani</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="wrap"> The Whistleblowers: <a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Cooper_(accountant)" title="Cynthia Cooper (accountant)">Cynthia Cooper</a> / <a href="/wiki/Coleen_Rowley" title="Coleen Rowley">Coleen Rowley</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sherron_Watkins" title="Sherron Watkins">Sherron Watkins</a> </span> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">The American Soldier</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="wrap"> The Good Samaritans: <a href="/wiki/Bono" title="Bono">Bono</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bill_Gates" title="Bill Gates">Bill Gates</a> / <a href="/wiki/Melinda_French_Gates" title="Melinda French Gates">Melinda Gates</a> </span> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/You_(Time_Person_of_the_Year)" title="You (Time Person of the Year)">You</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ben_Bernanke" title="Ben Bernanke">Ben Bernanke</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mark_Zuckerberg" title="Mark Zuckerberg">Mark Zuckerberg</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Protest" title="Protest">The Protester</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="wrap"> <a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_West_African_Ebola_virus_epidemic" title="Responses to the West African Ebola virus epidemic">Ebola Fighters</a>: Dr. Jerry Brown / Dr. <a href="/wiki/Kent_Brantly" title="Kent Brantly">Kent Brantly</a> / Ella Watson-Stryker / Foday Gollah / <a href="/wiki/Salome_Karwah" title="Salome Karwah">Salome Karwah</a> </span> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/MeToo_movement" title="MeToo movement">The Silence Breakers</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="wrap"> The Guardians: <a href="/wiki/Jamal_Khashoggi" title="Jamal Khashoggi">Jamal Khashoggi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Maria_Ressa" title="Maria Ressa">Maria Ressa</a> / <a href="/wiki/Wa_Lone" title="Wa Lone">Wa Lone</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kyaw_Soe_Oo" title="Kyaw Soe Oo">Kyaw Soe Oo</a> / Staff of <i><a href="/wiki/Capital_Gazette_shooting" title="Capital Gazette shooting">The Capital</a></i> </span> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Greta_Thunberg" title="Greta Thunberg">Greta Thunberg</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kamala_Harris" title="Kamala Harris">Kamala Harris</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elon_Musk" title="Elon Musk">Elon Musk</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Zelenskyy" title="Volodymyr Zelenskyy">Volodymyr Zelenskyy</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ukrainians" title="Ukrainians">Spirit of Ukraine</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Taylor_Swift" title="Taylor Swift">Taylor Swift</a> (2023)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Baseball.svg/19px-Baseball.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Baseball.svg/29px-Baseball.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Baseball.svg/38px-Baseball.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="520" data-file-height="520" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Baseball" title="Portal:Baseball">Baseball</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/19px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/37px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem-money.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Emblem-money.svg/19px-Emblem-money.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Emblem-money.svg/29px-Emblem-money.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Emblem-money.svg/38px-Emblem-money.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Business_and_economics" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Business and economics">Business and economics</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/19px-Video-x-generic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/29px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e7/Video-x-generic.svg/38px-Video-x-generic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Film" title="Portal:Film">Film</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia.svg/42px-Flag_of_the_State_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Portal:Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia (U.S. state)</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sports_icon.png/21px-Sports_icon.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sports_icon.png/32px-Sports_icon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Sports_icon.png/42px-Sports_icon.png 2x" data-file-width="251" data-file-height="226" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Sports" title="Portal:Sports">Sports</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blank_television_set.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Blank_television_set.svg/21px-Blank_television_set.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Blank_television_set.svg/32px-Blank_television_set.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Blank_television_set.svg/42px-Blank_television_set.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="138" data-file-height="92" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Television" title="Portal:Television">Television</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/42px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193368#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193368#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193368#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121463408">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/263089078">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/69548/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/119180952">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81028923">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12310864m">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12310864m">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00621581">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0107832&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p114778043">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90607120">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC201104420">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810712836405606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007428854105171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500282660">ULAN</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/f969e7c5-14f8-462c-bf30-3b3ebf2500f4">MusicBrainz</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.emmys.com/bios/ted-turner">Emmy Awards</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/119180952">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/115257381">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w61p04gz">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ted_Turner&oldid=1258800667">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ted_Turner&oldid=1258800667</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1938_births" title="Category:1938 births">1938 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1974_America%27s_Cup_sailors" title="Category:1974 America's Cup sailors">1974 America's Cup sailors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1977_America%27s_Cup_sailors" title="Category:1977 America's Cup sailors">1977 America's Cup sailors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:21st-century_American_philanthropists" title="Category:21st-century American philanthropists">21st-century American philanthropists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:5.5_Metre_class_sailors" title="Category:5.5 Metre class sailors">5.5 Metre class sailors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Activists_from_Ohio" title="Category:Activists from Ohio">Activists from Ohio</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_advertising_executives" title="Category:American advertising executives">American advertising executives</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_cable_television_company_founders" title="Category:American cable television company founders">American cable television company founders</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_chief_executives_in_the_media_industry" title="Category:American chief executives in the media industry">American chief executives in the media industry</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_conservationists" title="Category:American conservationists">American conservationists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_landowners" title="Category:American landowners">American landowners</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_male_sailors_(sport)" title="Category:American male sailors (sport)">American male sailors (sport)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_businesspeople_in_real_estate" title="Category:American businesspeople in real estate">American businesspeople in real estate</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_television_company_founders" title="Category:American television company founders">American television company founders</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Atlanta_Braves_executives" title="Category:Atlanta Braves executives">Atlanta Braves executives</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Atlanta_Braves_managers" title="Category:Atlanta Braves managers">Atlanta Braves managers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Atlanta_Braves_owners" title="Category:Atlanta Braves owners">Atlanta Braves owners</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Atlanta_Hawks_executives" title="Category:Atlanta Hawks executives">Atlanta Hawks executives</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Atlanta_Hawks_owners" title="Category:Atlanta Hawks owners">Atlanta Hawks owners</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Atlanta_Thrashers_executives" title="Category:Atlanta Thrashers executives">Atlanta Thrashers executives</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Atlanta_Thrashers_owners" title="Category:Atlanta Thrashers owners">Atlanta Thrashers owners</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Brown_Bears_sailors" title="Category:Brown Bears sailors">Brown Bears sailors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Businesspeople_from_Cincinnati" title="Category:Businesspeople from Cincinnati">Businesspeople from Cincinnati</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Businesspeople_from_Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Category:Businesspeople from Georgia (U.S. state)">Businesspeople from Georgia (U.S. state)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CNN_executives" title="Category:CNN executives">CNN executives</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Georgia_(U.S._state)_Democrats" title="Category:Georgia (U.S. state) Democrats">Georgia (U.S. state) Democrats</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:International_Emmy_Directorate_Award" title="Category:International Emmy Directorate Award">International Emmy Directorate Award</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Living_people" title="Category:Living people">Living people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Major_League_Baseball_team_presidents" title="Category:Major League Baseball team presidents">Major League Baseball team presidents</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer_executives" title="Category:Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer executives">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer executives</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Peabody_Award_winners" title="Category:Peabody Award winners">Peabody Award winners</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Professional_wrestling_promoters" title="Category:Professional wrestling promoters">Professional wrestling promoters</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Time_Person_of_the_Year" title="Category:Time Person of the Year">Time Person of the Year</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:United_Nations_Foundation" title="Category:United Nations Foundation">United Nations Foundation</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:United_States_Coast_Guard_enlisted" title="Category:United States Coast Guard enlisted">United States Coast Guard enlisted</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:United_States_Coast_Guard_reservists" title="Category:United States Coast Guard reservists">United States Coast Guard reservists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:US_Sailor_of_the_Year" title="Category:US Sailor of the Year">US Sailor of the Year</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:5.5_Metre_class_world_champions" title="Category:5.5 Metre class world champions">5.5 Metre class world champions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:World_champions_in_sailing_for_the_United_States" title="Category:World champions in sailing for the United States">World champions in sailing for the United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:World_Championship_Wrestling_executives" title="Category:World Championship Wrestling executives">World Championship Wrestling executives</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_with_Lewy_body_dementia" title="Category:People with Lewy body dementia">People with Lewy body dementia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Benjamin_Franklin_Medal_(Franklin_Institute)_laureates" title="Category:Benjamin Franklin Medal (Franklin Institute) laureates">Benjamin Franklin Medal (Franklin Institute) laureates</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_generic_name" title="Category:CS1 errors: generic name">CS1 errors: generic name</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_June_2016" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from June 2016">Articles with dead external links from June 2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_pages_semi-protected_against_vandalism" title="Category:Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism">Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_American_English_from_April_2016" title="Category:Use American English from April 2016">Use American English from April 2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_American_English" title="Category:All Wikipedia articles written in American English">All Wikipedia articles written in American English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_April_2021" title="Category:Use mdy dates from April 2021">Use mdy dates from April 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Biography_with_signature" title="Category:Biography with signature">Biography with signature</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards" title="Category:Articles with hCards">Articles with hCards</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_October_2022" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from October 2022">Articles with unsourced statements from October 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:No_local_image_but_image_on_Wikidata" title="Category:No local image but image on Wikidata">No local image but image on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:New_York_Times_topic_template_using_Wikidata" title="Category:New York Times topic template using Wikidata">New York Times topic template using Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_appearing_on_C-SPAN" title="Category:People appearing on C-SPAN">People appearing on C-SPAN</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Professional_wrestling_profiles_template_without_any_identifiers" title="Category:Professional wrestling profiles template without any identifiers">Professional wrestling profiles template without any identifiers</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 21 November 2024, at 18:23<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ted_Turner&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-847495b4dd-bmqb8","wgBackendResponseTime":174,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"2.737","walltime":"3.170","ppvisitednodes":{"value":19350,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":747788,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":186886,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":22,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":20,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":559257,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 2576.539 1 -total"," 32.33% 832.955 1 Template:Reflist"," 16.53% 425.839 65 Template:Cite_web"," 11.79% 303.837 1 Template:Infobox_person"," 8.27% 213.154 6 Template:Infobox"," 7.16% 184.359 1 Template:Navboxes"," 6.91% 178.026 1 Template:Infobox_sailor"," 5.97% 153.720 31 Template:Pluralize_from_text"," 5.53% 142.395 27 Template:Cite_news"," 5.33% 137.402 1 Template:Infobox_baseball_biography"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"1.530","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":15887708,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"table#1 {\n}\n\"\"\ntable#1 {\n}\n\"\"\ntable#1 {\n}\n\"\"\n","limitreport-profile":[["?","540","31.4"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","340","19.8"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","120","7.0"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub","80","4.7"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::anchorEncode","80","4.7"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","80","4.7"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::plain","80","4.7"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpandedArgument","60","3.5"],["\u003Cmw.lua:694\u003E","40","2.3"],["date","40","2.3"],["[others]","260","15.1"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-847495b4dd-2zqdl","timestamp":"20241128121544","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Ted Turner","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ted_Turner","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q193368","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q193368","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2001-08-11T12:12:31Z","dateModified":"2024-11-21T18:23:05Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/1\/1d\/Ted_Turner_at_the_LBJ_Foundation.jpg","headline":"American media mogul"}</script> </body> </html>