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The CAI programme" /> <title>(PDF) Development of Computer Assisted Instruction Programme and its Effectiveness to Teach Chemistry to XI Standard Students | Dr Yashpal D Netragaonkar - Academia.edu</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/64410040/Development_of_Computer_Assisted_Instruction_Programme_and_its_Effectiveness_to_Teach_Chemistry_to_XI_Standard_Students" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '92477ec68c09d28ae4730a4143c926f074776319'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1732787861000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1732787861000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"The focus of the present study is to find out the effectiveness of CAI programme. Methodology of the study was experimental method, Pre-test Post-test equivalent group design and Purposive sampling method was used for this study. The CAI programme was designed in Java script, Flash, Java script animations, CorelDraw, Graphics, and in Web page. The null hypothesis of the research study is i.e. H0-1: There is no significant difference between mean score of students taught by conventional method and CAI method. The observations are i) there is a significant difference between mean scores of control group and experimental group taught by Conventional Method and CAI programme respectively are accepted. It means that calculated’ value is 4.51 is found significant at 0.01 significance level. 1) The developed (CAI) Programme for Chemistry subject was found significantly superior to Conventional Method in terms of Academic Achievement.","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Dr Yashpal D Netragaonkar"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2021-12-15","dateModified":null,"datePublished":"2010-01-01","headline":"Development of Computer Assisted Instruction Programme and its Effectiveness to Teach Chemistry to XI Standard Students","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Computer 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Methodology of the study was experimental method, Pre-test Post-test equivalent group design and Purposive sampling method was used for this study. The CAI programme was designed in Java script, Flash, Java script animations, CorelDraw, Graphics, and in Web page. The null hypothesis of the research study is i.e. H0-1: There is no significant difference between mean score of students taught by conventional method and CAI method. The observations are i) there is a significant difference between mean scores of control group and experimental group taught by Conventional Method and CAI programme respectively are accepted. It means that calculated’ value is 4.51 is found significant at 0.01 significance level. 1) The developed (CAI) Programme for Chemistry subject was found significantly superior to Conventional Method in terms of Academic Achievement.","publication_date":"2010,,"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Development of Computer Assisted Instruction Programme and its Effectiveness to Teach Chemistry to XI Standard Students","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [7854641]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":76461062,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Development of Computer Assisted Instruction Programme and its Effectiveness to Teach Chemistry to XI Standard Students”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/76461062/mini_magick20211215-23873-13cdm49.png?1639633082" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_splash/adobe.icon-574afd46eb6b03a77a153a647fb47e30546f9215c0ee6a25df597a779717f9ef.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Development of Computer Assisted Instruction Programme and its Effectiveness to Teach Chemistry to XI Standard Students</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="7854641" href="https://mitpune.academia.edu/DrYashpalNetragaonkar"><img alt="Profile image of Dr Yashpal D Netragaonkar" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/7854641/2777347/155726705/s65_dr_yashpal.netragaonkar.png" />Dr Yashpal D Netragaonkar</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2010</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">9 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 64410040; const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=64410040"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { const viewCountNumber = Number(viewCount); if (!viewCountNumber) { throw new Error('Failed to parse view count'); } const commaizedViewCount = viewCountNumber.toLocaleString(); const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (viewCountBody) { viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } else { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">The focus of the present study is to find out the effectiveness of CAI programme. Methodology of the study was experimental method, Pre-test Post-test equivalent group design and Purposive sampling method was used for this study. The CAI programme was designed in Java script, Flash, Java script animations, CorelDraw, Graphics, and in Web page. The null hypothesis of the research study is i.e. H0-1: There is no significant difference between mean score of students taught by conventional method and CAI method. The observations are i) there is a significant difference between mean scores of control group and experimental group taught by Conventional Method and CAI programme respectively are accepted. It means that calculated’ value is 4.51 is found significant at 0.01 significance level. 1) The developed (CAI) Programme for Chemistry subject was found significantly superior to Conventional Method in terms of Academic Achievement.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":76461062,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/64410040/Development_of_Computer_Assisted_Instruction_Programme_and_its_Effectiveness_to_Teach_Chemistry_to_XI_Standard_Students"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":76461062,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/64410040/Development_of_Computer_Assisted_Instruction_Programme_and_its_Effectiveness_to_Teach_Chemistry_to_XI_Standard_Students"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="76461062" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/64410040/Development_of_Computer_Assisted_Instruction_Programme_and_its_Effectiveness_to_Teach_Chemistry_to_XI_Standard_Students" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="114793145" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/114793145/Computer_Assisted_Instruction_Programme_and_its_Effectiveness_to_Teach_Chemistry_to_XI_Standard_Students">Computer Assisted Instruction Programme and its Effectiveness to Teach Chemistry to XI Standard Students</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="7854641" href="https://mitpune.academia.edu/DrYashpalNetragaonkar">Dr Yashpal D Netragaonkar</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">S a m w a a d, 2012</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The focus of this study is to find out the suitable chapters for XI std. chemistry and to find out the effectiveness of CAI to teach chemistry for XI standard students, To find out the effectiveness of CAI programme according to gender. The research methodology of the study was experimental research method, Pre-test Post-test equivalent group design and purposive sampling method was used for the study. The CAI programme was designed in Java script, Flash, Java script animations, CorelDraw, Graphics, and in Web page. The null hypothesis of the research study is i.e. H0-1: There is no significant difference between mean scores of boys and girls students of experimental group. The observations of the study are i) The mean of score obtained by, XI std boys and girls students of control group; as well as experimental group. calculated 't' value at 0.01 significance level for df = 59. The calculated 't' value 2.66 is not exceeds than observed 't' table value at both 0.01 significance level respectively. Hence it is considered to be unremarkable and significant resulting in the acceptance of null hypothesis H0-1: and rejecting the research hypothesis i.e. there is a significant difference between mean scores of boys and girls students of experimental group. 1) According to Chemistry teachers; Alkanes, Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds are most suitable chapters.2) CAI programme is superior, to conventional method of teaching for eleventh science standard.3) The CAI Programme for Chemistry subject was found effective in case of both genders.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Computer Assisted Instruction Programme and its Effectiveness to Teach Chemistry to XI Standard Students","attachmentId":111391454,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/114793145/Computer_Assisted_Instruction_Programme_and_its_Effectiveness_to_Teach_Chemistry_to_XI_Standard_Students","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/114793145/Computer_Assisted_Instruction_Programme_and_its_Effectiveness_to_Teach_Chemistry_to_XI_Standard_Students"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="10204450" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10204450/The_Effect_of_Computer_Assisted_Instruction_Material_as_Teaching_Aid_on_Chemistry_Learning_of_High_School_Students">The Effect of Computer Assisted Instruction Material as Teaching Aid on Chemistry Learning of High School Students</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="7854641" href="https://mitpune.academia.edu/DrYashpalNetragaonkar">Dr Yashpal D Netragaonkar</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Today’s tech savvy generation easily approves the use of computer applications in teaching field. We are interested to compare the potential of Computer Assisted Instruction Material as teaching aid with traditional lecture method and thereby know contribution to improve the learning process. Two groups of 15 students were set for the study of chemistry. One group was set for lecture method while other was for CAI (Computer Assisted Instruction) material method. Pre, post and additional tests are apllyed to quantify the achievement of students . Pre and post test are planned to know understanding level while additional test was designed to know understanding and application level, of the subject. Statistical analysis of data obtained implies that use of CAI material has more potential than lecture method. In the additional test, use of CAI material has shown progressive effect but at the same time improvement in the performance of control group is noticeable. Blending of lecture and CAI method will surely help for betterment of learning process at all the three levels viz. information, understanding and application. Keywords: chemistry education; chemistry knowledge; chemistry awareness; computer-assisted education</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Effect of Computer Assisted Instruction Material as Teaching Aid on Chemistry Learning of High School Students","attachmentId":36301664,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/10204450/The_Effect_of_Computer_Assisted_Instruction_Material_as_Teaching_Aid_on_Chemistry_Learning_of_High_School_Students","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/10204450/The_Effect_of_Computer_Assisted_Instruction_Material_as_Teaching_Aid_on_Chemistry_Learning_of_High_School_Students"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="40489216" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40489216/THE_EFFECT_OF_COMPUTER_ASSISTED_INSTRUCTION_ON_SENIOR_SECONDARY_SCHOOL_STUDENTS_ACHIEVEMENT_IN_CHEMISTRY">THE EFFECT OF COMPUTER ASSISTED INSTRUCTION ON SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS' ACHIEVEMENT IN CHEMISTRY</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="14204635" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CarlysterIjere">Carlyster Ijere</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2019</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Abstract The pattern of teaching and learning process today is expected to shift from the conventional method to a more dynamic and flexible one, which is learner-centered. This is because the approach influences the content, activities, materials, and pace of learning. It also enhances independent learning. It has, however, been observed that this new method is not in use due to ignorance of its effect on the academic achievement of secondary schools in Nigeria and Enugu state in particular. This study, therefore, tried to answer the question, what is the effect of computer-assisted instruction on academic achievement of secondary school students? Data for answering this research question was generated from Chemistry Achievement Test which contains fifty questions in all consists of forty multiple-choice items and ten items or fill in the blank short answers were used to derive answers to research questions and to test hypotheses. The teacher-made test on two selected units in Chemistry used for the treatment and control groups pretest and posttest scores were analyzed using mean, standard deviation and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The study that computer-assisted Instruction is significantly better than the expository method in enhancing students’ achievements in chemistry. That method, gender, and location did not produce a combined effect on the mean achievement scores obtained by students in chemistry achievement test. The implication is that since the traditional instruction methods do not enhance students' achievement in chemistry, they should be taught with the innovative teaching method (computer-assisted instruction) as its efficacy has been established in this study.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"THE EFFECT OF COMPUTER ASSISTED INSTRUCTION ON SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS' ACHIEVEMENT IN CHEMISTRY","attachmentId":60757392,"attachmentType":"docx","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/40489216/THE_EFFECT_OF_COMPUTER_ASSISTED_INSTRUCTION_ON_SENIOR_SECONDARY_SCHOOL_STUDENTS_ACHIEVEMENT_IN_CHEMISTRY","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/40489216/THE_EFFECT_OF_COMPUTER_ASSISTED_INSTRUCTION_ON_SENIOR_SECONDARY_SCHOOL_STUDENTS_ACHIEVEMENT_IN_CHEMISTRY"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="88206111" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/88206111/Effect_of_Computer_Assisted_Instruction_Cai_on_the_Secondary_School_Students_Achievement_in_Science">Effect of Computer Assisted Instruction (Cai) on the Secondary School Students Achievement in Science</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="79745452" href="https://independent.academia.edu/rabiatabassum7">rabia tabassum</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Effect of Computer Assisted Instruction (Cai) on the Secondary School Students Achievement in Science","attachmentId":92223666,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/88206111/Effect_of_Computer_Assisted_Instruction_Cai_on_the_Secondary_School_Students_Achievement_in_Science","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/88206111/Effect_of_Computer_Assisted_Instruction_Cai_on_the_Secondary_School_Students_Achievement_in_Science"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="39597596" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39597596/EFFECT_OF_COMPUTER_AIDED_INSTRUCTION_ON_JUNIOR_SECONDARY_STUDENTS_ACHIEVEMENT_AND_RETENTION_IN_BASIC_SCIENCE">EFFECT OF COMPUTER-AIDED INSTRUCTION ON JUNIOR SECONDARY STUDENTS' ACHIEVEMENT AND RETENTION IN BASIC SCIENCE</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="35165127" href="https://bsum.academia.edu/EgbodoBenson">Egbodo Benson</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">A PROJECT OF THE BENUE STATE UNIVERSITY, BENUE STATE UNIVERSITY, MAKURDI, 2016</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The study investigated the effect of computer-aided instruction on junior secondary students’ achievement and retention in basic science. The study utilized a non-randomized quasi-experimental design. Multi-stage sampling technique was used in selecting samples of 120 from a population of 1050 JS II students in Oju local government area. The researcher developed CAI packages which were used as treatment for experimental group while control group was exposed to conventional method. BSART was the instrument for data collection. A reliability coefficient of 0.78 was obtained using Kuder Richardson’s (KR21) formula. The study was guided by four research questions and four null hypotheses. The research questions were answered using mean and standard deviation while ANCOVA was used to test hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study showed that there was significant difference between the achievement scores of students exposed to computer-aided instruction and conventional method (p = 0.00 and a = 0.05; p < a). Also, students in the experimental group retained better than their control method counterparts (p = 0.00 and a = 0.05; p < a). However, no significant difference existed in the achievement (p = 0.58 and a = 0.05; p > a) and retention (p = 0.46 and a = 0.05; p > a) of the male and female students exposed to CAI. It was therefore, recommended that government and NGOs should fund development of computer-aided instructional packages and train manpower to produce software for science education teaching to enhance achievement and retention.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"EFFECT OF COMPUTER-AIDED INSTRUCTION ON JUNIOR SECONDARY STUDENTS' ACHIEVEMENT AND RETENTION IN BASIC SCIENCE","attachmentId":59752516,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/39597596/EFFECT_OF_COMPUTER_AIDED_INSTRUCTION_ON_JUNIOR_SECONDARY_STUDENTS_ACHIEVEMENT_AND_RETENTION_IN_BASIC_SCIENCE","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline 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