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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Integral theory</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Integral_theory-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_ideas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_ideas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Other ideas</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Other_ideas-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Other ideas subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Other_ideas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mysticism_and_the_great_chain_of_being" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mysticism_and_the_great_chain_of_being"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Mysticism and the great chain of being</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mysticism_and_the_great_chain_of_being-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Theory_of_truth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Theory_of_truth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Theory of truth</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Theory_of_truth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pre/trans_fallacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pre/trans_fallacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Pre/trans fallacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pre/trans_fallacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wilber_on_science" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wilber_on_science"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Wilber on science</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wilber_on_science-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_work" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_work"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Later work</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_work-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Influences" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Influences"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Influences</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Influences-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Reception</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Works</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Works-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Works subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Books" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Books"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Books</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Books-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Audiobooks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Audiobooks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Audiobooks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Audiobooks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Adaptations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Adaptations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Adaptations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Adaptations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Quotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Quotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Quotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Quotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span 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Available in 30 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-30" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">30 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="كين ويلبر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كين ويلبر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B1%D1%8A%D1%80" title="Кен Уилбър – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кен Уилбър" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken_Wilber" title="Ken Wilber – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ken Wilber" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken_Wilber" title="Ken Wilber – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ken Wilber" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken_Wilber" title="Ken Wilber – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ken Wilber" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken_Wilber" title="Ken Wilber – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ken Wilber" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken_Wilber" title="Ken Wilber – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ken Wilber" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken_Wilber" title="Ken Wilber – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ken Wilber" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken_Wilber" title="Ken Wilber – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ken Wilber" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86_%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="کن ویلبر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کن ویلبر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken_Wilber" title="Ken Wilber – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ken Wilber" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken_Wilber" title="Ken Wilber – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ken Wilber" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BC%84_%EC%9C%8C%EB%B2%84" title="켄 윌버 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="켄 윌버" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken_Wilber" title="Ken Wilber – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ken Wilber" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%9F_%D7%95%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%91%D7%A8" title="קן וילבר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קן וילבר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kens_Vilbers" title="Kens Vilbers – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kens Vilbers" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken_Wilber" title="Ken Wilber – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ken Wilber" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken_Wilber" title="Ken Wilber – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ken Wilber" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B1%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%83%AB%E3%83%90%E3%83%BC" title="ケン・ウィルバー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ケン・ウィルバー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken_Wilber" title="Ken Wilber – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ken Wilber" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken_Wilber" title="Ken Wilber – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ken Wilber" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken_Wilber" title="Ken Wilber – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ken Wilber" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken_Wilber" title="Ken Wilber – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ken Wilber" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80,_%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Уилбер, Кен – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Уилбер, Кен" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken_Wilber" title="Ken Wilber – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ken Wilber" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken_Vilber" title="Ken Vilber – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ken Vilber" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken_Wilber" title="Ken Wilber – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ken Wilber" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken_Wilber" title="Ken Wilber – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ken Wilber" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%99_%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="เคน วิลเบอร์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เคน วิลเบอร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%82%AF%E6%81%A9%C2%B7%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E6%9F%8F" title="肯恩·威爾柏 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="肯恩·威爾柏" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q309829#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Ken Wilber</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Ken_Wilber_10.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Ken_Wilber_10.JPG/220px-Ken_Wilber_10.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="287" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Ken_Wilber_10.JPG/330px-Ken_Wilber_10.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Ken_Wilber_10.JPG/440px-Ken_Wilber_10.JPG 2x" data-file-width="670" data-file-height="874" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Wilber in 2006 with <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Glassman" class="mw-redirect" title="Bernard Glassman">Bernard Glassman</a> (background)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1949-01-31</span>) </span>January 31, 1949<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 76)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_City" title="Oklahoma City">Oklahoma City</a>, Oklahoma, United States</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Duke_University" title="Duke University">Duke University</a><br />(no degree)<br /><a href="/wiki/University_of_Nebraska_at_Lincoln" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Nebraska at Lincoln">University of Nebraska at Lincoln</a><br />(no degree)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Notable work</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>The Spectrum of Consciousness</i> (1977)<br /><i>The Atman Project</i> (1980)<br /><i>Grace and Grit</i> (1991)<br /><i>Sex, Ecology, Spirituality</i> (1995, 2001)<br /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Era</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/New_Age" title="New Age">New Age</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Region</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Western_esotericism" title="Western esotericism">Western esotericism</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Main interests</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Integral_theory" title="Integral theory">Integral theory</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Kenneth Earl Wilber II</b> (born January 31, 1949) is an American theorist and writer on <a href="/wiki/Transpersonal_psychology" title="Transpersonal psychology">transpersonal psychology</a> and his own <a href="/wiki/Integral_theory_(Ken_Wilber)" class="mw-redirect" title="Integral theory (Ken Wilber)">integral theory</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a four-quadrant grid which purports to encompass all human knowledge and experience.<sup id="cite_ref-Rentschler-2006_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rentschler-2006-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life_and_career">Life and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ken_Wilber&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wilber was born in 1949 in Oklahoma City. In 1967 he enrolled as a <a href="/wiki/Pre-medical" title="Pre-medical">pre-med</a> student at <a href="/wiki/Duke_University" title="Duke University">Duke University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He became interested in psychology and Eastern spirituality. He left Duke and enrolled at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Nebraska_at_Lincoln" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Nebraska at Lincoln">University of Nebraska at Lincoln</a> studying biochemistry, but after a few years dropped out of university and began studying his own curriculum and writing.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1973 Wilber completed his first book, <i>The Spectrum of Consciousness</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in which he sought to integrate knowledge from disparate fields. After rejections by more than 20 publishers it was accepted in 1977 by <a href="/wiki/Quest_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="Quest Books">Quest Books</a>, and he spent a year giving lectures and workshops before going back to writing, publishing <i>The Atman Project</i>, in which he put his idea of a spectrum of consciousness in a developmental context. He also helped to launch the journal <i>ReVision</i> in 1978.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1982, New Science Library published his anthology <i>The Holographic Paradigm and Other Paradoxes</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a collection of essays and interviews, including one by <a href="/wiki/David_Bohm" title="David Bohm">David Bohm</a>. The essays, including one of his own, looked at how <a href="/wiki/Holography" title="Holography">holography</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Holographic_paradigm" class="mw-redirect" title="Holographic paradigm">holographic paradigm</a> relate to the fields of consciousness, mysticism, and science. </p><p>In 1983, Wilber married Terry "Treya" Killam who was shortly thereafter diagnosed with breast cancer. From 1984 until 1987, Wilber gave up most of his writing to care for her. Killam died in January 1989; their joint experience was recorded in the 1991 book <i>Grace and Grit</i>. </p><p>In 1987, Wilber moved to <a href="/wiki/Boulder,_Colorado" title="Boulder, Colorado">Boulder, Colorado</a>, where he worked on his Kosmos trilogy and supervised the work and functioning of the <a href="/wiki/Integral_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Integral Institute">Integral Institute</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wilber wrote <i><a href="/wiki/Sex,_Ecology,_Spirituality" title="Sex, Ecology, Spirituality">Sex, Ecology, Spirituality</a></i> (1995), the first volume of his <i>Kosmos Trilogy</i>, presenting his "theory of everything," a four-quadrant grid in which he summarized his reading in psychology and Eastern and Western philosophy up to that time. <i>A Brief History of Everything</i> (1996) was the popularised summary of <i>Sex, Ecology, Spirituality</i> in interview format. <i>The Eye of Spirit</i> (1997) was a compilation of articles he had written for the journal <i>ReVision</i> on the relationship between science and religion. Throughout 1997, he had kept journals of his personal experiences, which were published in 1999 as <i>One Taste</i>, a term for <a href="/wiki/Cosmic_consciousness" class="mw-redirect" title="Cosmic consciousness">unitary consciousness</a>. Over the next two years his publisher, <a href="/wiki/Shambhala_Publications" title="Shambhala Publications">Shambhala Publications</a>, released eight re-edited volumes of his <i>Collected Works</i>. In 1999, he finished <i>Integral Psychology</i> and wrote <i><a href="/wiki/A_Theory_of_Everything" title="A Theory of Everything">A Theory of Everything</a></i> (2000). In <i>A Theory of Everything</i> Wilber attempts to bridge business, politics, science and spirituality and show how they integrate with theories of developmental psychology, such as <a href="/wiki/Spiral_Dynamics" title="Spiral Dynamics">Spiral Dynamics</a>. His novel, <i><a href="/wiki/Boomeritis" title="Boomeritis">Boomeritis</a></i> (2002), attempts to expose what he perceives as the <a href="/wiki/Egotism" title="Egotism">egotism</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Baby_boomers" title="Baby boomers">baby boom generation</a>. Frank Visser's <i>Ken Wilber: Thought as Passion</i> (2003), a guide to Wilber's thought, was praised by Edward J. Sullivan<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan-2006_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan-2006-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Daryl S. Paulson, with the latter calling it "an outstanding synthesis of Wilber's published works through the evolution of his thoughts over time. The book will be of value to any transpersonal humanist or integral philosophy student who does not want to read all of Wilber's works to understand his message."<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2012, Wilber joined the <a href="/wiki/Advisory_board" title="Advisory board">advisory board</a> of the <a href="/wiki/International_Simultaneous_Policy_Organization" title="International Simultaneous Policy Organization">International Simultaneous Policy Organization</a> which seeks to end the usual deadlock in tackling global issues through an international simultaneous policy.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wilber stated in 2011 that he has long suffered from <a href="/wiki/Chronic_fatigue_syndrome" class="mw-redirect" title="Chronic fatigue syndrome">chronic fatigue syndrome</a>, possibly caused by <a href="/wiki/RNase" class="mw-redirect" title="RNase">RNase</a> enzyme deficiency disease.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Integral_theory">Integral theory</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ken_Wilber&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Integral theory"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Integral_theory" title="Integral theory">Integral theory</a></div> <table class="wikitable center" style="float:right; width:250px;"> <tbody><tr> <td><b>Upper-Left</b> (UL)<br /> <p>"I"<br /> Interior Individual<br /> <a href="/wiki/Intentional" class="mw-redirect" title="Intentional">Intentional</a> </p><p>e.g. <a href="/wiki/Sigmund_Freud" title="Sigmund Freud">Freud</a> </p> </td> <td><b>Upper-Right</b> (UR)<br /> <p>"It"<br /> Exterior Individual<br /> <a href="/wiki/Behavioral" class="mw-redirect" title="Behavioral">Behavioral</a> </p><p>e.g. <a href="/wiki/B._F._Skinner" title="B. F. Skinner">Skinner</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Lower-Left</b> (LL)<br /> <p>"We"<br /> Interior Collective<br /> Cultural </p><p>e.g. <a href="/wiki/Hans-Georg_Gadamer" title="Hans-Georg Gadamer">Gadamer</a> </p> </td> <td><b>Lower-Right</b> (LR)<br /> <p>"Its"<br /> Exterior Collective<br /> Social </p><p>e.g. <a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Marx</a> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>All Quadrants All Levels (AQAL, pron. "ah-qwul") is the basic framework of integral theory. It models human knowledge and experience with a four-quadrant grid, along the axes of "interior-exterior" and "individual-collective". According to Wilber, it is a comprehensive approach to reality, a metatheory that attempts to explain how academic disciplines and every form of knowledge and experience fit together coherently.<sup id="cite_ref-Rentschler-2006_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rentschler-2006-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>AQAL is based on four fundamental concepts and a rest-category: four quadrants, several levels and lines of development, several states of consciousness, and "types", topics which do not fit into these four concepts.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Levels" are the stages of development, from pre-personal through personal to transpersonal. "Lines" of development are various domains which may progress unevenly through different stages. "States" are states of consciousness; according to Wilber persons may have a temporal experience of a higher developmental stage. "Types" is a rest-category, for phenomena which do not fit in the other four concepts.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In order for an account of the Kosmos to be complete, Wilber believes that it must include each of these five categories. For Wilber, only such an account can be accurately called "integral". In the essay, "Excerpt C: The Ways We Are in This Together", Wilber describes AQAL as "one suggested architecture of the Kosmos".<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The model's apex is formless awareness, "the simple feeling of being", which is equated with a range of "ultimates" from a variety of eastern traditions. This formless awareness transcends the phenomenal world, which is ultimately only an appearance of some transcendental reality. According to Wilber, the AQAL categories — quadrants, lines, levels, states, and types – describe the relative truth of the <a href="/wiki/Two_truths_doctrine" title="Two truths doctrine">two truths doctrine</a> of <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a>. According to Wilber, none of them are true in an absolute sense. Only formless awareness, "the simple feeling of being", exists absolutely.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_ideas">Other ideas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ken_Wilber&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Other ideas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mysticism_and_the_great_chain_of_being">Mysticism and the great chain of being</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ken_Wilber&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Mysticism and the great chain of being"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>One of Wilber's main interests is in mapping what he calls the "neo-perennial philosophy", an integration of some of the views of <a href="/wiki/Mysticism" title="Mysticism">mysticism</a> typified by <a href="/wiki/Aldous_Huxley" title="Aldous Huxley">Aldous Huxley</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Perennial_Philosophy" title="The Perennial Philosophy">The Perennial Philosophy</a></i> with an account of cosmic <a href="/wiki/Evolution" title="Evolution">evolution</a> akin to that of the Indian mystic <a href="/wiki/Sri_Aurobindo" title="Sri Aurobindo">Sri Aurobindo</a>. He rejects most of the tenets of <a href="/wiki/Perennial_philosophy" title="Perennial philosophy">Perennialism</a> and the associated anti-evolutionary view of history as a regression from past ages or <a href="/wiki/Yuga" title="Yuga">yugas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>quote 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Instead, he embraces a more traditionally Western notion of the <a href="/wiki/Great_chain_of_being" title="Great chain of being">great chain of being</a>. As in the work of <a href="/wiki/Jean_Gebser" title="Jean Gebser">Jean Gebser</a>, this great chain (or "nest") is ever-present while relatively unfolding throughout this material manifestation, although to Wilber "... the 'Great Nest' is actually just a vast <a href="/wiki/Morphic_field" class="mw-redirect" title="Morphic field">morphogenetic field</a> of potentials ..." In agreement with <a href="/wiki/Mahayana_Buddhism" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahayana Buddhism">Mahayana Buddhism</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Advaita_Vedanta" title="Advaita Vedanta">Advaita Vedanta</a>, he believes that reality is ultimately a <a href="/wiki/Nondual" class="mw-redirect" title="Nondual">nondual</a> union of <a href="/wiki/Sunyata" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunyata">emptiness</a> and <a href="/wiki/Substantial_form" title="Substantial form">form</a>, with form being innately subject to development over time. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Theory_of_truth">Theory of truth</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ken_Wilber&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Theory of truth"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Two_truths_doctrine" title="Two truths doctrine">Two truths doctrine</a></div> <table class="wikitable center" style="float:right; width:400px;"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top;"> <td style="text-align:left;">  </td> <td style="text-align:center; width:250px;"><i>Interior</i> </td> <td style="text-align:center; width:250px;"><i>Exterior</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:middle;"><i>Individual</i> </td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:top;">Standard: <i>Truthfulness<br />(<a href="/wiki/First-person_narrative" title="First-person narrative">1st person</a>)</i><br />(<a href="/wiki/Sincerity" title="Sincerity">sincerity</a>, <a href="/wiki/Integrity" title="Integrity">integrity</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trustworthiness" class="mw-redirect" title="Trustworthiness">trustworthiness</a>) </td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:top;">Standard: <i>Truth<br />(<a href="/wiki/Third-person_narrative" class="mw-redirect" title="Third-person narrative">3rd person</a>)</i><br />(<a href="/wiki/Correspondence_theory_of_truth" title="Correspondence theory of truth">correspondence</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Mental_representation" title="Mental representation">representation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Propositional" class="mw-redirect" title="Propositional">propositional</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;"><i>Collective</i> </td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:top;">Standard: <i>Justness<br />(<a href="/wiki/Second-person_narrative" class="mw-redirect" title="Second-person narrative">2nd person</a>)</i><br />(cultural fit, <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/rightness" class="extiw" title="wikt:rightness">rightness</a>,<br />mutual understanding) </td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:top;">Standard: <i>Functional fit<br />(3rd person)</i><br />(<a href="/wiki/Systems_theory" title="Systems theory">systems theory</a> web,<br /><a href="/wiki/Structural_functionalism" title="Structural functionalism">Structural functionalism</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Social_systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Social systems">social systems</a> mesh) </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Wilber believes that the mystical traditions of the world provide access to, and knowledge of, a <a href="/wiki/Transcendence_(religion)" title="Transcendence (religion)">transcendental</a> reality which is perennial, consistent throughout all times and cultures. This proposition underlies the whole of his conceptual edifice, and is an unquestioned assumption. According to David L. McMahan, the perennial position is "largely dismissed by scholars", but "has lost none of its popularity".<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mainstream academia favor a constructivist approach, which is rejected by Wilber as a dangerous relativism. Wilber juxtaposes this generalization to plain materialism, presented as the main paradigm of regular science.<sup id="cite_ref-Wilber-2024_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wilber-2024-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>quote 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In his later works, Wilber argues that manifest reality is composed of four domains, and that each domain, or "quadrant", has its own truth-standard, or test for validity:<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>"Interior individual/1st person": the subjective world, the individual subjective sphere;<sup id="cite_ref-Ken_Wilber_p._96_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ken_Wilber_p._96-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"Interior collective/2nd person": the intersubjective space, the cultural background;<sup id="cite_ref-Ken_Wilber_p._96_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ken_Wilber_p._96-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"Exterior individual/3rd person": the objective state of affairs;<sup id="cite_ref-Ken_Wilber_p._96_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ken_Wilber_p._96-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"Exterior collective/3rd person": the functional fit, "how entities fit together in a system".<sup id="cite_ref-Ken_Wilber_p._96_25-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ken_Wilber_p._96-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pre/trans_fallacy"><span id="Pre.2Ftrans_fallacy"></span>Pre/trans fallacy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ken_Wilber&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Pre/trans fallacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wilber believes that many claims about non-rational states make a mistake he calls the pre/trans fallacy. According to Wilber, the non-rational stages of consciousness (what Wilber calls "pre-rational" and "trans-rational" stages) can be easily confused with one another. In Wilber's view, one can reduce trans-rational spiritual realization to pre-rational regression, or one can elevate pre-rational states to the trans-rational domain.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, Wilber claims that <a href="/wiki/Sigmund_Freud" title="Sigmund Freud">Freud</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carl_Jung" title="Carl Jung">Jung</a> commit this fallacy.<sup id="cite_ref-ses211_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ses211-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Freud considered mystical realization to be a <a href="/wiki/Regression_(psychology)" title="Regression (psychology)">regression</a> to <a href="/wiki/Infantile" title="Infantile">infantile</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oceanic_state&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oceanic state (page does not exist)">oceanic states</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Wilber alleges that Freud thus commits a fallacy of reduction. Wilber thinks that Jung commits the converse form of the same mistake by considering pre-rational myths to reflect divine realizations. Likewise, pre-rational states may be misidentified as post-rational states.<sup id="cite_ref-ses211_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ses211-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wilber characterizes himself as having fallen victim to the pre/trans fallacy in his early work.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wilber_on_science">Wilber on science</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ken_Wilber&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Wilber on science"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wilber describes the state of the "hard" sciences as limited to "narrow science", which only allows evidence from the lowest realm of consciousness, the <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/sensorimotor" class="extiw" title="wikt:sensorimotor">sensorimotor</a> (the five senses and their extensions). Wilber sees science in the broad sense as characterized by involving three steps:<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>specifying an experiment,</li> <li>performing the experiment and observing the results, and</li> <li>checking the results with others who have competently performed the same experiment.</li></ul> <p>He has presented these as "three strands of valid knowledge" in Part III of his book <i><a href="/wiki/The_Marriage_of_Sense_and_Soul" title="The Marriage of Sense and Soul">The Marriage of Sense and Soul</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>What Wilber calls "broad science" would include evidence from <a href="/wiki/Logic" title="Logic">logic</a>, mathematics, and from the <a href="/wiki/Symbol" title="Symbol">symbolic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hermeneutics" title="Hermeneutics">hermeneutical</a>, and other realms of <a href="/wiki/Consciousness" title="Consciousness">consciousness</a>. Ultimately and ideally, broad science would include the testimony of <a href="/wiki/Meditation" title="Meditation">meditators</a> and <a href="/wiki/Spiritual_practice" title="Spiritual practice">spiritual practitioners</a>. Wilber's own conception of science includes both narrow science and broad science, e.g., using <a href="/wiki/Electroencephalogram" class="mw-redirect" title="Electroencephalogram">electroencephalogram</a> machines and other technologies to test the experiences of meditators and other spiritual practitioners, creating what Wilber calls "integral science".<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2007)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>According to Wilber's theory, narrow science trumps narrow religion, but broad science trumps narrow science. That is, the natural sciences provide a more inclusive, accurate account of reality than any of the particular <a href="/wiki/Exoteric" title="Exoteric">exoteric</a> religious traditions. But an integral approach that uses <a href="/wiki/Intersubjectivity" title="Intersubjectivity">intersubjectivity</a> to evaluate both religious claims and scientific claims will give a more complete account of reality than narrow science.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2007)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Wilber has referred to <a href="/wiki/Stuart_Kauffman" title="Stuart Kauffman">Stuart Kauffman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ilya_Prigogine" title="Ilya Prigogine">Ilya Prigogine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alfred_North_Whitehead" title="Alfred North Whitehead">Alfred North Whitehead</a>, and others who also articulate his <a href="/wiki/Vitalism" title="Vitalism">vitalistic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Teleology" title="Teleology">teleological</a> understanding of reality, which is deeply at odds with the <a href="/wiki/Neo-Darwinism" title="Neo-Darwinism">modern evolutionary synthesis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Wilber_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wilber-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>quote 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Later_work">Later work</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ken_Wilber&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Later work"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2005, at the launch of the Integral Spiritual Center, a branch of the <a href="/wiki/Integral_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Integral Institute">Integral Institute</a>, Wilber presented a 118-page rough draft summary of his two forthcoming books.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The essay is entitled "What is Integral Spirituality?", and contains several new ideas, including Integral post-metaphysics and the Wilber-Combs lattice. In 2006, he published "Integral Spirituality", in which he elaborated on these ideas, as well as others such as Integral Methodological Pluralism and the developmental conveyor belt of religion. </p><p>"Integral post-metaphysics" is the term Wilber has given to his attempts to reconstruct the world's <a href="/wiki/Spirituality" title="Spirituality">spiritual</a>-religious traditions in a way that accounts for the <a href="/wiki/Modernism" title="Modernism">modern</a> and <a href="/wiki/Post-modern" class="mw-redirect" title="Post-modern">post-modern</a> criticisms of those traditions.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Wilber-Combs Lattice is a conceptual model of <a href="/wiki/Consciousness" title="Consciousness">consciousness</a> developed by Wilber and <a href="/wiki/Allan_Combs" title="Allan Combs">Allan Combs</a>. It is a grid with sequential <a href="/wiki/States_of_consciousness" class="mw-redirect" title="States of consciousness">states of consciousness</a> on the x axis (from left to right) and with developmental structures, or <a href="/wiki/Overlapping_hierarchy" class="mw-redirect" title="Overlapping hierarchy">levels</a>, of consciousness on the y axis (from bottom to top). This lattice illustrates how each structure of consciousness interprets experiences of different states of consciousness, including mystical states, in different ways.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wilber attracted a lot of controversy from 2011 to the present day by supporting <a href="/wiki/Marc_Gafni" title="Marc Gafni">Marc Gafni</a>, who was accused of sexually assaulting a minor,<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on his blog.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A petition begun by a group of Rabbis has called for Wilber to publicly dissociate from Gafni. </p><p>Wilber is on the advisory board of Mariana Bozesan's AQAL Capital GmbH,<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a>-based company specialising in integral <a href="/wiki/Impact_Investing" class="mw-redirect" title="Impact Investing">impact investing</a> using a model based on Wilber's <a href="/wiki/Integral_theory_(Ken_Wilber)" class="mw-redirect" title="Integral theory (Ken Wilber)">Integral Theory</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Influences">Influences</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ken_Wilber&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Influences"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wilber's views have been influenced by <a href="/wiki/Madhyamaka" title="Madhyamaka">Madhyamaka</a> <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a>, particularly as articulated in the philosophy of <a href="/wiki/Nagarjuna" title="Nagarjuna">Nagarjuna</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wilber has practiced various forms of Buddhist meditation, studying (however briefly) with a number of teachers, including <a href="/wiki/Dainin_Katagiri" title="Dainin Katagiri">Dainin Katagiri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taizan_Maezumi" title="Taizan Maezumi">Taizan Maezumi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chogyam_Trungpa" class="mw-redirect" title="Chogyam Trungpa">Chogyam Trungpa</a> <a href="/wiki/Rinpoche" title="Rinpoche">Rinpoche</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kalu_Rinpoche" title="Kalu Rinpoche">Kalu Rinpoche</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alan_Watts" title="Alan Watts">Alan Watts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Penor_Rinpoche" title="Penor Rinpoche">Penor Rinpoche</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chagdud_Tulku_Rinpoche" title="Chagdud Tulku Rinpoche">Chagdud Tulku Rinpoche</a>. <a href="/wiki/Advaita_Vedanta" title="Advaita Vedanta">Advaita Vedanta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ka%C5%9Bmir_%C5%9Aaivism" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaśmir Śaivism">Trika (Kashmir) Shaivism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Buddhism" title="Tibetan Buddhism">Tibetan Buddhism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zen_Buddhism" class="mw-redirect" title="Zen Buddhism">Zen Buddhism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ramana_Maharshi" title="Ramana Maharshi">Ramana Maharshi</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Cohen_(spiritual_teacher)" title="Andrew Cohen (spiritual teacher)">Andrew Cohen</a> can be mentioned as further influences. Wilber has on several occasions singled out <a href="/wiki/Adi_Da" title="Adi Da">Adi Da</a>'s work for the highest praise while expressing reservations about Adi Da as a teacher.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <i>Sex, Ecology, Spirituality</i>, Wilber refers extensively to <a href="/wiki/Plotinus" title="Plotinus">Plotinus</a>' philosophy, which he sees as nondual. While Wilber has practised <a href="/wiki/Buddhist" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddhist">Buddhist</a> meditation methods, he does not identify himself as a Buddhist.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to Frank Visser, Wilber's conception of four quadrants, or dimensions of existence is very similar to <a href="/wiki/E._F._Schumacher" title="E. F. Schumacher">E. F. Schumacher</a>'s conception of four fields of knowledge.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVisser2003194_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVisser2003194-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Visser finds Wilber's conception of levels, as well as Wilber's critique of science as one-dimensional, to be very similar to that in <a href="/wiki/Huston_Smith" title="Huston Smith">Huston Smith</a>'s <i>Forgotten Truth</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVisser200378_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVisser200378-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Visser also writes that the esoteric aspects of Wilber's theory are based on the philosophy of <a href="/wiki/Sri_Aurobindo" title="Sri Aurobindo">Sri Aurobindo</a> as well as other theorists including <a href="/wiki/Adi_Da" title="Adi Da">Adi Da</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVisser2003276_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVisser2003276-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ken_Wilber&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wilber has been categorized by <a href="/wiki/Wouter_J._Hanegraaff" class="mw-redirect" title="Wouter J. Hanegraaff">Wouter J. Hanegraaff</a> as <a href="/wiki/New_Age" title="New Age">New Age</a> due to his emphasis on a <a href="/wiki/Transpersonal" title="Transpersonal">transpersonal</a> view.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Publishers Weekly</i> has called him "the Hegel of Eastern spirituality".<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wilber is credited with broadening the appeal of a "perennial philosophy" to a much wider audience. Cultural figures as varied as <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deepak_Chopra" title="Deepak Chopra">Deepak Chopra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Rohr" title="Richard Rohr">Richard Rohr</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and musician <a href="/wiki/Billy_Corgan" title="Billy Corgan">Billy Corgan</a> have mentioned his influence.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Paul M. Helfrich credits him with "precocious understanding that transcendental experience is not solely pathological, and properly developed could greatly inform human development".<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Wilber's approach has been criticized as excessively categorizing and <a href="/wiki/Objectification" title="Objectification">objectifying</a>, <a href="/wiki/Masculine" class="mw-redirect" title="Masculine">masculinist</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> commercializing spirituality,<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and denigrating of emotion.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Critics in multiple fields cite problems with Wilber's interpretations and inaccurate citations of his wide ranging sources, as well as stylistic issues with gratuitous repetition, excessive book length, and hyperbole.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Frank Visser writes that Wilber's 1977 book <i>The Spectrum of Consciousness</i> was praised by <a href="/wiki/Transpersonal_psychology" title="Transpersonal psychology">transpersonal psychologists</a>, but also that support for him "even in transpersonal circles" had waned by the early 1990s.<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan-2006_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan-2006-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Edward J. Sullivan argued, in his review of Visser's guide <i>Ken Wilber: Thought as Passion</i>, that in the field of composition studies "Wilber's melding of life’s journeys with abstract theorizing could provide an eclectic and challenging model of 'personal-academic' writing", but that "teachers of writing may be critical of his all-too-frequent totalizing assumptions".<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan-2006_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan-2006-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sullivan also said that Visser's book overall gave an impression that Wilber "should think more and publish less."<sup id="cite_ref-Sullivan-2006_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sullivan-2006-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Steve_McIntosh" title="Steve McIntosh">Steve McIntosh</a> praises Wilber's work but also argues that Wilber fails to distinguish "philosophy" from his own Vedantic and Buddhist religion.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christopher_Bache&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christopher Bache (page does not exist)">Christopher Bache</a> is complimentary of some aspects of Wilber's work, but calls Wilber's writing style glib.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Psychiatrist <a href="/wiki/Stanislav_Grof" title="Stanislav Grof">Stanislav Grof</a> has praised Wilber's knowledge and work in the highest terms;<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however, Grof has criticized the omission of the <a href="/wiki/Pre-_and_perinatal_psychology" class="mw-redirect" title="Pre- and perinatal psychology">pre- and peri-natal domains</a> from Wilber's spectrum of consciousness, and Wilber's neglect of the psychological importance of biological birth and death.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Grof has described Wilber's writings as having an "often aggressive polemical style that includes strongly worded <i><a href="/wiki/Ad_personam" title="Ad personam">ad personam</a></i> attacks and is not conducive to personal dialogue."<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wilber's response is that the world religious traditions do not attest to the importance that Grof assigns to the perinatal.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVisser2003269_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVisser2003269-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ken_Wilber&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Books">Books</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ken_Wilber&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>The Spectrum of Consciousness</i>, 1977, anniv. ed. 1993: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8356-0695-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-8356-0695-3">0-8356-0695-3</a></li> <li><i>No Boundary: Eastern and Western Approaches to Personal Growth</i>, 1979, reprint ed. 2001: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57062-743-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-57062-743-6">1-57062-743-6</a></li> <li><i>The Atman Project: A Transpersonal View of Human Development</i>, 1980, 2nd ed. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8356-0730-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-8356-0730-5">0-8356-0730-5</a></li> <li><i>Up from Eden: A Transpersonal View of Human Evolution</i>, 1981, new ed. 1996: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8356-0731-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-8356-0731-3">0-8356-0731-3</a></li> <li><i>The Holographic Paradigm and Other Paradoxes: Exploring the Leading Edge of Science</i> (editor), 1982, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-394-71237-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-394-71237-4">0-394-71237-4</a></li> <li><i>A Sociable God: A Brief Introduction to a Transcendental Sociology</i>, 1983, new ed. 2005 subtitled <i>Toward a New Understanding of Religion</i>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59030-224-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-59030-224-9">1-59030-224-9</a></li> <li><i>Eye to Eye: The Quest for the New Paradigm</i>, 1984, 3rd rev. ed. 2001: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57062-741-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-57062-741-X">1-57062-741-X</a></li> <li><i>Quantum Questions: Mystical Writings of the World's Great Physicists</i> (editor), 1984, rev. ed. 2001: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57062-768-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-57062-768-1">1-57062-768-1</a></li> <li><i>Transformations of Consciousness: Conventional and Contemplative Perspectives on Development</i> (co-authors: Jack Engler, Daniel Brown), 1986, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-394-74202-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-394-74202-8">0-394-74202-8</a></li> <li><i>Spiritual Choices: The Problem of Recognizing Authentic Paths to Inner Transformation</i> (co-authors: Dick Anthony, Bruce Ecker), 1987, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-913729-19-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-913729-19-1">0-913729-19-1</a></li> <li><i>Grace and Grit: Spirituality and Healing in the Life of Treya Killam Wilber</i>, 1991, 2nd ed. 2001: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57062-742-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-57062-742-8">1-57062-742-8</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sex,_Ecology,_Spirituality" title="Sex, Ecology, Spirituality">Sex, Ecology, Spirituality</a>: The Spirit of Evolution</i>, 1st ed. 1995, 2nd rev. ed. 2001: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57062-744-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-57062-744-4">1-57062-744-4</a></li> <li><i>A Brief History of Everything</i>, 1st ed. 1996, 2nd ed. 2001: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57062-740-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-57062-740-1">1-57062-740-1</a></li> <li><i>The Eye of Spirit: An Integral Vision for a World Gone Slightly Mad</i>, 1997, 3rd ed. 2001: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57062-871-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-57062-871-8">1-57062-871-8</a></li> <li><i>The Essential Ken Wilber: An Introductory Reader</i>, 1998, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57062-379-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-57062-379-1">1-57062-379-1</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Marriage_of_Sense_and_Soul:_Integrating_Science_and_Religion" class="mw-redirect" title="The Marriage of Sense and Soul: Integrating Science and Religion">The Marriage of Sense and Soul: Integrating Science and Religion</a></i>, 1998, reprint ed. 1999: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7679-0343-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-7679-0343-9">0-7679-0343-9</a></li> <li><i>One Taste: The Journals of Ken Wilber</i>, 1999, rev. ed. 2000: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57062-547-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-57062-547-6">1-57062-547-6</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Integral_Psychology" class="mw-redirect" title="Integral Psychology">Integral Psychology</a>: Consciousness, Spirit, Psychology, Therapy</i>, 2000, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57062-554-9" title="Special:BookSources/1-57062-554-9">1-57062-554-9</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Theory_of_Everything" title="A Theory of Everything">A Theory of Everything</a>: An Integral Vision for Business, Politics, Science and Spirituality</i>, 2000, paperback ed.: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57062-855-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-57062-855-6">1-57062-855-6</a></li> <li><i>Speaking of Everything</i> (2-hour audio interview on CD), 2001</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Boomeritis" title="Boomeritis">Boomeritis</a>: A Novel That Will Set You Free</i>, 2002, paperback ed. 2003: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59030-008-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-59030-008-4">1-59030-008-4</a></li> <li><i>Kosmic Consciousness</i> (12½ hour audio interview on ten CDs), 2003, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59179-124-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-59179-124-3">1-59179-124-3</a></li> <li>With <a href="/wiki/Cornel_West" title="Cornel West">Cornel West</a>, commentary on <i><a href="/wiki/The_Matrix" title="The Matrix">The Matrix</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Matrix_Reloaded" title="The Matrix Reloaded">The Matrix Reloaded</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Matrix_Revolutions" title="The Matrix Revolutions">The Matrix Revolutions</a></i> and appearance in <i>Return To Source: Philosophy & The Matrix</i> on <i>The Roots Of The Matrix</i>, both in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Ultimate_Matrix_Collection" class="mw-redirect" title="The Ultimate Matrix Collection">The Ultimate Matrix Collection</a></i>, 2004</li> <li><i>The Simple Feeling of Being: Visionary, Spiritual, and Poetic Writings</i>, 2004, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59030-151-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-59030-151-X">1-59030-151-X</a> (selected from earlier works)</li> <li><i>The Integral Operating System</i> (a 69-page primer on AQAL with DVD and 2 audio CDs), 2005, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59179-347-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-59179-347-5">1-59179-347-5</a></li> <li>Executive producer of the <a href="/wiki/Stuart_Davis_(musician)" title="Stuart Davis (musician)">Stuart Davis</a> DVDs <i>Between the Music: Volume 1</i> and <i>Volume 2</i>.</li> <li><i>Integral Spirituality: A Startling New Role for Religion in the Modern and Postmodern World</i>, 2006, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59030-346-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-59030-346-6">1-59030-346-6</a></li> <li><i>The One Two Three of God</i> (3 CDs – interview, 4th CD – guided meditation; companion to <i>Integral Spirituality</i>), 2006, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59179-531-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-59179-531-1">1-59179-531-1</a></li> <li><i>Integral Life Practice Starter Kit</i> (five DVDs, two CDs, three booklets), 2006, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9772275-0-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-9772275-0-2">0-9772275-0-2</a></li> <li><i>The Integral Vision: A Very Short Introduction to the Revolutionary Integral Approach to Life, God, the Universe, and Everything</i>, 2007, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59030-475-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-59030-475-6">1-59030-475-6</a></li> <li><i>The Integral Vision: A Very Short Introduction</i>, 2007, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781611806427" title="Special:BookSources/9781611806427">9781611806427</a></li> <li><i>Integral Life Practice: A 21st-Century Blueprint for Physical Health, Emotional Balance, Mental Clarity, and Spiritual Awakening</i>, 2008, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59030-467-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-59030-467-5">1-59030-467-5</a></li> <li><i>The Pocket Ken Wilber</i>, 2008, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59030-637-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-59030-637-6">1-59030-637-6</a></li> <li><i>The Integral Approach: A Short Introduction by Ken Wilber</i>, eBook, 2013, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780834829060" title="Special:BookSources/9780834829060">9780834829060</a></li> <li><i>The Fourth Turning: Imagining the Evolution of an Integral Buddhism</i>, eBook, 2014, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780834829572" title="Special:BookSources/9780834829572">9780834829572</a></li> <li><i>Wicked & Wise: How to Solve the World's Toughest Problems</i>, with Alan Watkins, 2015, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-909273-64-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-909273-64-1">978-1-909273-64-1</a></li> <li><i>Integral Meditation: Mindfulness as a Way to Grow Up, Wake Up, and Show Up in Your Life</i>, 2016, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781611802986" title="Special:BookSources/9781611802986">9781611802986</a></li> <li><i>The Religion of Tomorrow: A Vision For The Future of the Great Traditions</i>, 2017, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61180-300-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61180-300-6">978-1-61180-300-6</a></li> <li><i>Trump and a Post-Truth World</i>, 2017, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781611805611" title="Special:BookSources/9781611805611">9781611805611</a></li> <li><i> Integral Buddhism: And the Future of Spirituality</i>, 2018, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1611805600" title="Special:BookSources/1611805600">1611805600</a></li> <li><i>Integral Politics: Its Essential Ingredients </i>, eBook, 2018</li> <li><i>Grace and Grit</i>, 2020, Shambhala, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781611808490" title="Special:BookSources/9781611808490">9781611808490</a></li> <li><i>Finding Radical Wholeness: The Integral Path to Unity, Growth, and Delight</i>, 2024, Shambhala, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1645471851" title="Special:BookSources/978-1645471851">978-1645471851</a></li> <li><i>A Post-Truth World: Politics, Polarization, and a Vision for Transcending the Chaos</i>, Shambhala, 2024 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781645473558" title="Special:BookSources/9781645473558">9781645473558</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Audiobooks">Audiobooks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ken_Wilber&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Audiobooks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>A Brief History of Everything.</i> Shambhala Audio, 2008. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59030-550-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59030-550-8">978-1-59030-550-8</a></li> <li><i>Kosmic Consciousness.</i> Sounds True Incorporated, 2003. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781591791249" title="Special:BookSources/9781591791249">9781591791249</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Adaptations">Adaptations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ken_Wilber&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Adaptations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wilber's account of his wife Treya's illness and death, <i>Grace and Grit</i> (1991), was released as a feature film starring <a href="/wiki/Mena_Suvari" title="Mena Suvari">Mena Suvari</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stuart_Townsend" title="Stuart Townsend">Stuart Townsend</a> in 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ken_Wilber&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Socrates.png/18px-Socrates.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Socrates.png/27px-Socrates.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Socrates.png/36px-Socrates.png 2x" data-file-width="326" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Philosophy" title="Portal:Philosophy">Philosophy portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Cultural_Creatives" title="The Cultural Creatives">The Cultural Creatives</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Haskell" title="Edward Haskell">Edward Haskell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higher_consciousness" title="Higher consciousness">Higher consciousness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolai_Hartmann" title="Nicolai Hartmann">Nicolai Hartmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noosphere" title="Noosphere">Noosphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shambhala_Publications" title="Shambhala Publications">Shambhala Publications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worldcentrism" title="Worldcentrism">Worldcentrism</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Quotes">Quotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ken_Wilber&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Quotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"I have not identified myself with the perennial philosophy in over fifteen years ... Many of the enduring perennial philosophers—such as <a href="/wiki/Nagarjuna" title="Nagarjuna">Nagarjuna</a>—were already using postmetaphysical methods, which is why their insights are still quite valid. But the vast majority of perennial philosophers were caught in metaphysical, not critical, thought, which is why I reject their methods almost entirely, and accept their conclusions only to the extent they can be reconstructed."<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilber: "Are the mystics and sages insane? Because they all tell variations on the same story, don't they? The story of awakening one morning and discovering you are one with the All, in a timeless and eternal and infinite fashion. Yes, maybe they are crazy, these divine fools. Maybe they are mumbling idiots in the face of the Abyss. Maybe they need a nice, understanding therapist. Yes, I'm sure that would help. But then, I wonder. Maybe the evolutionary sequence really is from matter to body to mind to soul to spirit, each transcending and including, each with a greater depth and greater consciousness and wider embrace. And in the highest reaches of evolution, maybe, just maybe, an individual's consciousness does indeed touch infinity—a total embrace of the entire Kosmos—a <a href="/wiki/Cosmic_consciousness" class="mw-redirect" title="Cosmic consciousness">Kosmic consciousness</a> that is Spirit awakened to its own true nature. It's at least plausible. And tell me: is that story, sung by mystics and sages the world over, any crazier than the <a href="/wiki/Scientific_materialism" class="mw-redirect" title="Scientific materialism">scientific materialism</a> story, which is that the entire sequence is a tale told by an idiot, full of sound and fury, signifying absolutely nothing? Listen very carefully: just which of those two stories actually sounds totally insane?"<sup id="cite_ref-Wilber-2024_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wilber-2024-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilber: "I am not alone in seeing that chance and natural selection by themselves are not enough to account for the emergence that we see in evolution. Stuart Kaufman [<i><a href="/wiki/Sic" title="Sic">sic</a></i>] and many others have criticized mere change and natural selection as not adequate to account for this emergence (he sees the necessity of adding self-organization). Of course I understand that natural selection is not acting on mere randomness or chance—because natural selection saves previous selections, and this reduces dramatically the probability that higher, adequate forms will emerge. But even that is not enough, in my opinion, to account for the remarkable emergence of some of the extraordinarily complex forms that nature has produced. After all, from the big bang and dirt to the poems of William Shakespeare is quite a distance, and many philosophers of science agree that mere chance and selection are just not adequate to account for these remarkable emergences. The universe is slightly tilted toward self-organizing processes, and these processes—as Prigogine was the first to elaborate—escape present-level turmoil by jumping to higher levels of self-organization, and I see that "pressure" as operating throughout the physiosphere, the biosphere, and the noosphere. And that is what I metaphorically mean when I use the example of a wing (or elsewhere, the example of an eyeball) to indicate the remarkableness of increasing emergence. But I don't mean that as a specific model or actual example of how biological emergence works! Natural selection carries forth previous individual mutations—but again that just isn't enough to account for creative emergence (or what Whitehead called "the creative advance into novelty," which, according to Whitehead, is the fundamental nature of this manifest universe)."<sup id="cite_ref-Wilber_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wilber-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ken_Wilber&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mark Der Forman, <i>A guide to integral psychotherapy: complexity, integration, and spirituality in practice,</i> <a href="/wiki/SUNY_Press" title="SUNY Press">SUNY Press</a> 2010, p. 9. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4384-3023-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4384-3023-2">978-1-4384-3023-2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rentschler-2006-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rentschler-2006_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rentschler-2006_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRentschler2006" class="citation journal cs1">Rentschler, Matt (Fall 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171228172258/http://iniciativaintegral.es/Documentos%20P%C3%BAblicos/1.-%20Teor%C3%ADa/AQAL_Glossary_01-27-07.pdf">"AQAL Glossary"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>AQAL: Journal of Integral Theory and Practice</i>. <b>1</b> (3). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://iniciativaintegral.es/Documentos%20P%C3%BAblicos/1.-%20Teor%C3%ADa/AQAL_Glossary_01-27-07.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on December 28, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 28,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AQAL%3A+Journal+of+Integral+Theory+and+Practice&rft.atitle=AQAL+Glossary&rft.ssn=fall&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=3&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Rentschler&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finiciativaintegral.es%2FDocumentos%2520P%25C3%25BAblicos%2F1.-%2520Teor%25C3%25ADa%2FAQAL_Glossary_01-27-07.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Schwartz_(author)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tony Schwartz (author)">Tony Schwartz</a>, <i>What Really Matters: Searching for Wisdom in America</i>, Bantam, 1996, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-553-37492-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-553-37492-3">0-553-37492-3</a>, p. 348.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiritualityandpractice.com/teachers/teachers.php?id=310">"Ken Wilber – Teachers – Spirituality & Practice"</a>. <i>spiritualityandpractice.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402131218/http://www.spiritualityandpractice.com/teachers/teachers.php?id=310">Archived</a> from the original on April 2, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=spiritualityandpractice.com&rft.atitle=Ken+Wilber+%E2%80%93+Teachers+%E2%80%93+Spirituality+%26+Practice&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiritualityandpractice.com%2Fteachers%2Fteachers.php%3Fid%3D310&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilber1993" class="citation book cs1">Wilber, Ken (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Wvw9pzzp1C0C"><i>The Spectrum of Consciousness</i></a>. Quest Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780835606950" title="Special:BookSources/9780835606950"><bdi>9780835606950</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Spectrum+of+Consciousness&rft.pub=Quest+Books&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=9780835606950&rft.aulast=Wilber&rft.aufirst=Ken&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWvw9pzzp1C0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVisser2003" class="citation book cs1">Visser, Frank (2003). <i>Ken Wilber: Thought As Passion</i>. SUNY Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7914-5816-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-7914-5816-4"><bdi>0-7914-5816-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ken+Wilber%3A+Thought+As+Passion&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-7914-5816-4&rft.aulast=Visser&rft.aufirst=Frank&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span> p. 27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Holographic Paradigm and other paradoxes</i>, 1982, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87773-238-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-87773-238-8">0-87773-238-8</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221208115259/https://www.famouspsychologists.org/ken-wilber/">"About Ken Wilber"</a>. <i>Famous Psychologists</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.famouspsychologists.org/ken-wilber/">the original</a> on December 8, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 30,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Famous+Psychologists&rft.atitle=About+Ken+Wilber&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.famouspsychologists.org%2Fken-wilber%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sullivan-2006-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan-2006_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan-2006_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan-2006_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sullivan-2006_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSullivan2005–06" class="citation journal cs1">Sullivan, Edward J. (Winter 2005–06). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trace.tennessee.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1132&context=jaepl">"REVIEW: Sullivan/Ken Wilber: Thought as Passion"</a>. <i>The Journal of the Assembly for Expanded Perspectives on Learning</i>. <b>11</b>: <span class="nowrap">97–</span>99.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+the+Assembly+for+Expanded+Perspectives+on+Learning&rft.atitle=REVIEW%3A+Sullivan%2FKen+Wilber%3A+Thought+as+Passion&rft.ssn=winter&rft.volume=11&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E97-%3C%2Fspan%3E99&rft.date=2005%2F2006&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.aufirst=Edward+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftrace.tennessee.edu%2Fcgi%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Farticle%3D1132%26context%3Djaepl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaulson2004" class="citation journal cs1">Paulson, Daryl S. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2005-08755-007">"Review of Thought as passion"</a>. <i>Journal of Transpersonal Psychology</i>. <b>36</b>: <span class="nowrap">223–</span>227 – via APA PsycNet.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Transpersonal+Psychology&rft.atitle=Review+of+Thought+as+passion.&rft.volume=36&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E223-%3C%2Fspan%3E227&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Paulson&rft.aufirst=Daryl+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpsycnet.apa.org%2Frecord%2F2005-08755-007&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">About Simpol-UK: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://simpol.org/index.php?id=62">uk.simpol.org – About Simpol-UK</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130729182456/http://simpol.org/index.php?id=62">Archived</a> July 29, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Endorsements: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://simpol.org/index.php?id=11">Simpol.org – Endorsements</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130729191229/http://simpol.org/index.php?id=11">Archived</a> July 29, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilber2006" class="citation news cs1">Wilber, Ken (December 26, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110724141023/http://www.nhne.org/news/NewsArticlesArchive/tabid/400/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/2292/language/en-US/Ken-Wilber-Writes-About-His-Horrific-Near-Fatal-Illness.aspx">"Ken Wilber Writes About His Horrific, Near-Fatal Illness"</a>. <i>New Heaven New Earth</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nhne.org/news/NewsArticlesArchive/tabid/400/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/2292/language/en-US/Ken-Wilber-Writes-About-His-Horrific-Near-Fatal-Illness.aspx">the original</a> on July 24, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 26,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Heaven+New+Earth&rft.atitle=Ken+Wilber+Writes+About+His+Horrific%2C+Near-Fatal+Illness&rft.date=2006-12-26&rft.aulast=Wilber&rft.aufirst=Ken&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhne.org%2Fnews%2FNewsArticlesArchive%2Ftabid%2F400%2FarticleType%2FArticleView%2FarticleId%2F2292%2Flanguage%2Fen-US%2FKen-Wilber-Writes-About-His-Horrific-Near-Fatal-Illness.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilber" class="citation web cs1">Wilber, Ken. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.integralworld.net/redd.html">"RNase Enzyme Deficiency Disease: Wilber's statement about his health"</a>. <i>IntegralWorld.net</i>. October 22, 2002. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110605120119/http://www.integralworld.net/redd.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 5, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 26,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IntegralWorld.net&rft.atitle=RNase+Enzyme+Deficiency+Disease%3A+Wilber%27s+statement+about+his+health&rft.aulast=Wilber&rft.aufirst=Ken&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.integralworld.net%2Fredd.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFiandtFormanErickson_Megel2003" class="citation journal cs1">Fiandt, K.; Forman, J.; Erickson Megel, M.; et al. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nursingoutlook.org/article/S0029-6554(03)00080-0/abstract">"Integral nursing: an emerging framework for engaging the evolution of the profession"</a>. <i>Nursing Outlook</i>. <b>51</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">130–</span>137. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fs0029-6554%2803%2900080-0">10.1016/s0029-6554(03)00080-0</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12830106">12830106</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nursing+Outlook&rft.atitle=Integral+nursing%3A+an+emerging+framework+for+engaging+the+evolution+of+the+profession&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E130-%3C%2Fspan%3E137&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fs0029-6554%2803%2900080-0&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F12830106&rft.aulast=Fiandt&rft.aufirst=K.&rft.au=Forman%2C+J.&rft.au=Erickson+Megel%2C+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nursingoutlook.org%2Farticle%2FS0029-6554%2803%2900080-0%2Fabstract&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Integral Psychology" In: Weiner, Irving B. & Craighead, W. Edward (ed.), <i>The Corsini encyclopedia of psychology</i>, Vol. 2, 4. ed., Wiley 2010, pp. 830 ff. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-470-17026-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-470-17026-7">978-0-470-17026-7</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051223205255/http://wilber.shambhala.com/html/books/kosmos/excerptC/intro-1.cfm/">"Excerpt C: The Ways We Are In This Together"</a>. <i>Ken Wilber Online</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wilber.shambhala.com/html/books/kosmos/excerptC/intro-1.cfm">the original</a> on December 23, 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 26,</span> 2005</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ken+Wilber+Online&rft.atitle=Excerpt+C%3A+The+Ways+We+Are+In+This+Together&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwilber.shambhala.com%2Fhtml%2Fbooks%2Fkosmos%2FexcerptC%2Fintro-1.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>The Simple Feeling of Being</i>. Shambala Publications. 2004. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781590301517" title="Special:BookSources/9781590301517"><bdi>9781590301517</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Simple+Feeling+of+Being&rft.pub=Shambala+Publications&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9781590301517&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060322225146/http://wilber.shambhala.com/html/misc/habermas/index.cfm">"On the Nature of a Post-Metaphysical Spirituality: Response to Habermas and Weis"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wilber.shambhala.com/html/misc/habermas/index.cfm/">the original</a> on March 22, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 14,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=On+the+Nature+of+a+Post-Metaphysical+Spirituality%3A+Response+to+Habermas+and+Weis&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwilber.shambhala.com%2Fhtml%2Fmisc%2Fhabermas%2Findex.cfm%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcMahan2008" class="citation book cs1">McMahan, David L. (2008). <i>The Making of Buddhist Modernism</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 269, n. 9. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0195183276" title="Special:BookSources/978-0195183276"><bdi>978-0195183276</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Making+of+Buddhist+Modernism&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=269%2C+n.+9&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0195183276&rft.aulast=McMahan&rft.aufirst=David+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wilber-2024-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wilber-2024_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wilber-2024_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilber2024" class="citation book cs1">Wilber, Ken (2024). <i>A Brief History of Everything</i> (2nd ed.). Shambhala. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57062-740-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57062-740-8"><bdi>978-1-57062-740-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Brief+History+of+Everything&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Shambhala&rft.date=2024&rft.isbn=978-1-57062-740-8&rft.aulast=Wilber&rft.aufirst=Ken&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span> pp. 42–3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilber1998" class="citation book cs1">Wilber, Ken (1998). <i>The Eye of Spirit</i>. Boston: <a href="/wiki/Shambhala" title="Shambhala">Shambhala</a>. pp. <span class="nowrap">12–</span>18. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57062-345-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-57062-345-7"><bdi>1-57062-345-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Eye+of+Spirit&rft.place=Boston&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E12-%3C%2Fspan%3E18&rft.pub=Shambhala&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=1-57062-345-7&rft.aulast=Wilber&rft.aufirst=Ken&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ken_Wilber_p._96-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ken_Wilber_p._96_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ken_Wilber_p._96_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ken_Wilber_p._96_25-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ken_Wilber_p._96_25-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Table and quotations from: <a href="#CITEREFWilber2024">Wilber (2024)</a>, pp. 96–109.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wilber.shambhala.com/html/books/cowokev3_intro.cfm">Introduction to the third volume of The Collected Works of Ken Wilber</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090615012815/http://wilber.shambhala.com/html/books/cowokev3_intro.cfm/">Archived</a> June 15, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ses211-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ses211_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ses211_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilber, Ken. <i>Sex, Ecology, Spirituality</i>. Shambhala Publications, 2000, pp 211 f. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57062-744-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57062-744-6">978-1-57062-744-6</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090319023750/http://wilber.shambhala.com/html/books/cowokev1_intro.cfm/">"The introduction to Volume 1 of The Collected Works of Ken Wilber"</a>. <i>Ken Wilber Online</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wilber.shambhala.com/html/books/cowokev1_intro.cfm">the original</a> on March 19, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ken+Wilber+Online&rft.atitle=The+introduction+to+Volume+1+of+The+Collected+Works+of+Ken+Wilber&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwilber.shambhala.com%2Fhtml%2Fbooks%2Fcowokev1_intro.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDonald_Jay_RothbergSean_M._KellySean_Kelly1998" class="citation book cs1">Donald Jay Rothberg; Sean M. Kelly; Sean Kelly (February 1, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Q1GUlPmlPD0C&pg=PA12"><i>Ken Wilber in Dialogue: Conversations with Leading Transpersonal Thinkers</i></a>. Quest Books. p. 12. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8356-0766-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8356-0766-7"><bdi>978-0-8356-0766-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ken+Wilber+in+Dialogue%3A+Conversations+with+Leading+Transpersonal+Thinkers&rft.pages=12&rft.pub=Quest+Books&rft.date=1998-02-01&rft.isbn=978-0-8356-0766-7&rft.au=Donald+Jay+Rothberg&rft.au=Sean+M.+Kelly&rft.au=Sean+Kelly&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQ1GUlPmlPD0C%26pg%3DPA12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKen_Wilber2011" class="citation book cs1">Ken Wilber (August 3, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uQGmVyPN6rUC&pg=PT187"><i>The Marriage of Sense and Soul: Integrating Science and Religion</i></a>. Random House Publishing Group. p. 187. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-307-79956-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-307-79956-2"><bdi>978-0-307-79956-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Marriage+of+Sense+and+Soul%3A+Integrating+Science+and+Religion&rft.pages=187&rft.pub=Random+House+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2011-08-03&rft.isbn=978-0-307-79956-2&rft.au=Ken+Wilber&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuQGmVyPN6rUC%26pg%3DPT187&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wilber-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wilber_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wilber_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilber" class="citation web cs1">Wilber, Ken. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110907151307/http://www.kenwilber.com/blog/show/390">"Re: Some Criticisms of My Understanding of Evolution"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kenwilber.com/blog/show/390">the original</a> on September 7, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Re%3A+Some+Criticisms+of+My+Understanding+of+Evolution&rft.aulast=Wilber&rft.aufirst=Ken&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kenwilber.com%2Fblog%2Fshow%2F390&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051125042128/http://integralspiritualcenter.org/Integral%20Spirituality.pdf">"What is Integral Spirituality?"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Integral Spiritual Center</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://integralspiritualcenter.org/Integral%20Spirituality.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on November 25, 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 26,</span> 2005</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Integral+Spiritual+Center&rft.atitle=What+is+Integral+Spirituality%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fintegralspiritualcenter.org%2FIntegral%2520Spirituality.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span> (1.3 MB <a href="/wiki/Portable_document_format" class="mw-redirect" title="Portable document format">PDF</a> file)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Integral Spirituality: A Startling New Role for Religion in the Modern and Postmodern World, 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://forward.com/opinion/329620/i-was-13-when-marc-gafnis-abuse-began/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'I Was 13 When Marc Gafni's Abuse Began'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>forward.com</i>. January 13, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180204000533/https://forward.com/opinion/329620/i-was-13-when-marc-gafnis-abuse-began/">Archived</a> from the original on February 4, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 3,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=forward.com&rft.atitle=%27I+Was+13+When+Marc+Gafni%27s+Abuse+Began%27&rft.date=2016-01-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fforward.com%2Fopinion%2F329620%2Fi-was-13-when-marc-gafnis-abuse-began%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160206165122/https://www.integrallife.com/member/ken-wilber/blog/ken-wilbers-response-marc-gafni-debacle">"Ken Wilber's Response to the Marc Gafni Debacle | Integral Life"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.integrallife.com/member/ken-wilber/blog/ken-wilbers-response-marc-gafni-debacle">the original</a> on February 6, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 18,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ken+Wilber%27s+Response+to+the+Marc+Gafni+Debacle+%26%23124%3B+Integral+Life&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.integrallife.com%2Fmember%2Fken-wilber%2Fblog%2Fken-wilbers-response-marc-gafni-debacle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span>?</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kenwilber.com/blog/show/701">"+kenwilber.com – blog"</a>. <i>www.kenwilber.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171028230143/http://www.kenwilber.com/blog/show/701">Archived</a> from the original on October 28, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 3,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.kenwilber.com&rft.atitle=%2Bkenwilber.com+%E2%80%93+blog&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kenwilber.com%2Fblog%2Fshow%2F701&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aqalcapital.com/advisory-board/ken-wilber/">"Ken Wilber – AQAL Capital"</a>. <i>aqalcapital.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20160331182445/http://aqalcapital.com/advisory-board/ken-wilber/">Archived</a> from the original on March 31, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 30,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=aqalcapital.com&rft.atitle=Ken+Wilber+%E2%80%93+AQAL+Capital&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faqalcapital.com%2Fadvisory-board%2Fken-wilber%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shambhalasun.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2059">"The Kosmos According to Ken Wilber: A Dialogue with Robin Kornman"</a>. <i>Shambhala Sun</i>. September 1996. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060813160309/http://www.shambhalasun.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2059">Archived</a> from the original on August 13, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 14,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Shambhala+Sun&rft.atitle=The+Kosmos+According+to+Ken+Wilber%3A+A+Dialogue+with+Robin+Kornman&rft.date=1996-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.shambhalasun.com%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26task%3Dview%26id%3D2059&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080213072728/http://wilber.shambhala.com/html/misc/adida.cfm/">"The Case of Adi Da"</a>. <i>Ken Wilber Online</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wilber.shambhala.com/html/misc/adida.cfm/">the original</a> on February 13, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ken+Wilber+Online&rft.atitle=The+Case+of+Adi+Da&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwilber.shambhala.com%2Fhtml%2Fmisc%2Fadida.cfm%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.adidawilber.com/">"Adi Da and The Case of Ken Wilber"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110303124109/http://www.adidawilber.com/">Archived</a> from the original on March 3, 2011. <q>I mention Master Da (along with Christ, Krishna) as being the Divine Person as World Event. – Ken Wilber, Up From Eden, 1981</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Adi+Da+and+The+Case+of+Ken+Wilber&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.adidawilber.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"># <i>Kosmic Consciousness</i> (12-hour audio interview on ten CDs), 2003, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59179-124-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-59179-124-3">1-59179-124-3</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVisser2003194-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVisser2003194_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVisser2003">Visser (2003)</a>, p. 194.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVisser200378-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVisser200378_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVisser2003">Visser (2003)</a>, p. 78.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVisser2003276-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVisser2003276_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVisser2003">Visser (2003)</a>, p. 276.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Wouter_J._Hanegraaff" class="mw-redirect" title="Wouter J. Hanegraaff">Wouter J. Hanegraaff</a>, <i>New Age Religion and Western Culture</i>, SUNY, 1998, pp. 70 (<i>"Ken Wilber ... defends a transpersonal worldview which qualifies as 'New Age'"</i>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">[<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140430053719/http://www.publishersweekly.com/978-1-59030-151-7">Archived</a> April 30, 2014, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> "The Simple Feeling of Being: Visionary, Spiritual and Poetic Writings"], publishersweekly.com, June 4, 2014.]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newsweek.com/id/227746/page/2">Planetary Problem Solver</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100212230857/http://www.newsweek.com/id/227746/page/2">Archived</a> February 12, 2010, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Newsweek" title="Newsweek">Newsweek</a>, January 4, 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cac.org/the-perennial-tradition-2015-12-20/">"The Perennial Tradition – Center for Action and Contemplation"</a>. <i>Center for Action and Contemplation</i>. December 20, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 17,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Center+for+Action+and+Contemplation&rft.atitle=The+Perennial+Tradition+%E2%80%93+Center+for+Action+and+Contemplation&rft.date=2015-12-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcac.org%2Fthe-perennial-tradition-2015-12-20%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteve_Paulson2008" class="citation web cs1">Steve Paulson (April 28, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.salon.com/mwt/feature/2008/04/28/ken_wilber/">"You are the river: An interview with Ken Wilber"</a>. <i>salon.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090703072657/http://www.salon.com/mwt/feature/2008/04/28/ken_wilber/">Archived</a> from the original on July 3, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=salon.com&rft.atitle=You+are+the+river%3A+An+interview+with+Ken+Wilber&rft.date=2008-04-28&rft.au=Steve+Paulson&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.salon.com%2Fmwt%2Ffeature%2F2008%2F04%2F28%2Fken_wilber%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHelfrich2004" class="citation web cs1">Helfrich, Paul M. (March 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.paulhelfrich.com/integral-psychology/essays/thought-as-passion/">"Thought As Passion: Making Ken Wilber Accessible"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 10,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Thought+As+Passion%3A+Making+Ken+Wilber+Accessible&rft.date=2004-03&rft.aulast=Helfrich&rft.aufirst=Paul+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.paulhelfrich.com%2Fintegral-psychology%2Fessays%2Fthought-as-passion%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thompson, <i>Coming into Being: Artifacts and Texts in the Evolution of Consciousness</i> pp. 12–13</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gelfer, J. Chapter 5 (Integral or muscular spirituality?) in <i>Numen, Old Men: Contemporary Masculine Spiritualities and the Problem of Patriarchy</i>, 2009: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84553-419-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84553-419-6">978-1-84553-419-6</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gelfer, J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ojs.library.ubc.ca/index.php/newproposals/article/view/354"><i>LOHAS and the Indigo Dollar: Growing the Spiritual Economy</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110104153308/http://ojs.library.ubc.ca/index.php/newproposals/article/view/354">Archived</a> January 4, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, New Proposals: Journal of Marxism and Interdisciplinary Inquiry (4.1, 2010: 46–60)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFde_Quincey2000" class="citation web cs1">de Quincey, Christian (Winter 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060507122350/http://www.deepspirit.com/sys-tmpl/thepromiseofintegralism/">"The Promise of Integralism: A Critical Appreciation of Ken Wilber's Integral Psychology"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Consciousness_Studies" title="Journal of Consciousness Studies">Journal of Consciousness Studies</a></i>. Vol. 7(11/12). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deepspirit.com/sys-tmpl/thepromiseofintegralism/">the original</a> on May 7, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 15,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Consciousness+Studies&rft.atitle=The+Promise+of+Integralism%3A+A+Critical+Appreciation+of+Ken+Wilber%27s+Integral+Psychology&rft.ssn=winter&rft.date=2000&rft.aulast=de+Quincey&rft.aufirst=Christian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.deepspirit.com%2Fsys-tmpl%2Fthepromiseofintegralism%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVisser" class="citation web cs1">Visser, Frank. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.integralworld.net/visser11.html">"A Spectrum of Wilber Critics"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060526210405/http://www.integralworld.net/visser11.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 26, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 28,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Spectrum+of+Wilber+Critics&rft.aulast=Visser&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.integralworld.net%2Fvisser11.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Steve McIntosh, <i>Integral Consciousness and the Future of Evolution</i>, Paragon House, St Paul Minnesota, 2007, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55778-867-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55778-867-2">978-1-55778-867-2</a> pp. 227f.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Notes to Chapter 6 of <i>Dark Night Early Dawn: Steps to a Deep Ecology of Mind</i> SUNY Press, 2000</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrof" class="citation web cs1">Grof, Stanislav. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091209054241/http://primal-page.com/grofken.htm">"Ken Wilber's Spectrum Psychology"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://primal-page.com/grofken.htm">the original</a> on December 9, 2009. <q>... Ken has produced an extraordinary work of highly creative synthesis of data drawn from a vast variety of areas and disciplines ... His knowledge of the literature is truly encyclopedic, his analytical mind systematic and incisive, and the clarity of his logic remarkable. The impressive scope, comprehensive nature, and intellectual rigor of Ken's work have helped to make it a widely acclaimed and highly influential theory of transpersonal psychology.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ken+Wilber%27s+Spectrum+Psychology&rft.aulast=Grof&rft.aufirst=Stanislav&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fprimal-page.com%2Fgrofken.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Grof, <i>Beyond the Brain</i>, 131–137</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110716130649/http://www.stanislavgrof.com/pdf/A%20Brief%20History%20of%20Transpersonal%20Psychology-Grof.pdf">"Grof, "A Brief History of Transpersonal Psychology"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stanislavgrof.com/pdf/A%20Brief%20History%20of%20Transpersonal%20Psychology-Grof.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on July 16, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Grof%2C+%22A+Brief+History+of+Transpersonal+Psychology%22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stanislavgrof.com%2Fpdf%2FA%2520Brief%2520History%2520of%2520Transpersonal%2520Psychology-Grof.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVisser2003269-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVisser2003269_62-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVisser2003">Visser (2003)</a>, p. 269.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3910630/">"Grace and Grit (2021) - IMDb"</a> – via www.imdb.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Grace+and+Grit+%282021%29+-+IMDb&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imdb.com%2Ftitle%2Ftt3910630%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ken_Wilber&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Allan_Combs" title="Allan Combs">Combs, Allan</a> (2002). <i>The Radiance of Being: Understanding the Grand Integral Vision: Living the Integral Life</i>. Paragon House.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Radiance+of+Being%3A+Understanding+the+Grand+Integral+Vision%3A+Living+the+Integral+Life&rft.pub=Paragon+House&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Combs&rft.aufirst=Allan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Esbjörn-Hargens, Sean; Reams, Jonathan; Gunnlaugson, Olen, eds. (2010). <i>Integral Education: New Directions for Higher Learning</i>. <a href="/wiki/SUNY_Press" title="SUNY Press">SUNY Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4384-3348-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4384-3348-6"><bdi>978-1-4384-3348-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Integral+Education%3A+New+Directions+for+Higher+Learning&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-4384-3348-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Falk, Geoffrey D. (2009). <i>Norman Einstein: The Dis-Integration of Ken Wilber</i>. Million Monkeys Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Norman+Einstein%3A+The+Dis-Integration+of+Ken+Wilber&rft.pub=Million+Monkeys+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Falk&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">McNab, Peter (2005). <i>Towards an Integral Vision: Using NLP and Ken Wilber's AQAL Model to Enhance Communication</i>. Trafford.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Towards+an+Integral+Vision%3A+Using+NLP+and+Ken+Wilber%27s+AQAL+Model+to+Enhance+Communication&rft.pub=Trafford&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=McNab&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Reynolds, Brad (2004). <i>Embracing Reality: The Integral Vision of Ken Wilber: A Historical Survey and Chapter-By-Chapter Review of Wilber's Major Works</i>. J. P. Tarcher/Penguin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58542-317-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-58542-317-3"><bdi>1-58542-317-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Embracing+Reality%3A+The+Integral+Vision+of+Ken+Wilber%3A+A+Historical+Survey+and+Chapter-By-Chapter+Review+of+Wilber%27s+Major+Works&rft.pub=J.+P.+Tarcher%2FPenguin&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=1-58542-317-3&rft.aulast=Reynolds&rft.aufirst=Brad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Reynolds, Brad (2006). <i>Where's Wilber At?: Ken Wilber's Integral Vision in the New Millennium</i>. Paragon House. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55778-846-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-55778-846-4"><bdi>1-55778-846-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Where%27s+Wilber+At%3F%3A+Ken+Wilber%27s+Integral+Vision+in+the+New+Millennium&rft.pub=Paragon+House&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=1-55778-846-4&rft.aulast=Reynolds&rft.aufirst=Brad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Vrinte, Joseph (2002). <i>Perennial Quest for a Psychology with a Soul: An Inquiry into the Relevance of Sri Aurobindo's Metaphysical Yoga Psychology in the Context of Ken Wilber's Integral Psychology</i>. <a href="/wiki/Motilal_Banarsidass" title="Motilal Banarsidass">Motilal Banarsidass</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/81-208-1932-2" title="Special:BookSources/81-208-1932-2"><bdi>81-208-1932-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Perennial+Quest+for+a+Psychology+with+a+Soul%3A+An+Inquiry+into+the+Relevance+of+Sri+Aurobindo%27s+Metaphysical+Yoga+Psychology+in+the+Context+of+Ken+Wilber%27s+Integral+Psychology&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=81-208-1932-2&rft.aulast=Vrinte&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AKen+Wilber" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ken_Wilber&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span 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height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Ken_Wilber" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Ken Wilber">Ken Wilber</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ken_Wilber" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Ken Wilber">Ken Wilber</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kenwilber.com/">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.salon.com/2008/04/28/ken_wilber/">Interview with Wilber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salon.com" title="Salon.com">Salon.com</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Age_communities" title="New Age communities">New Age communities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New-age_music" title="New-age music">New-age music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biomusic" title="Biomusic">Biomusic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoclassical_new-age_music" title="Neoclassical new-age music">Neoclassical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_music#Electronic" title="Progressive music">Progressive electronic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_music" title="Space music">Space music</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Age_travellers" title="New Age travellers">New Age travellers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_for_Research_and_Enlightenment" title="Association for Research and Enlightenment">Association for Research and Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esalen_Institute" title="Esalen Institute">Esalen Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Family_(Australian_New_Age_group)" title="The Family (Australian New Age group)">The Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Findhorn_Foundation" title="Findhorn Foundation">Findhorn Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_World_Alliance" title="New World Alliance">New World Alliance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Influences</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Cayce" title="Edgar Cayce">Edgar Cayce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippie" title="Hippie">Hippie subculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_Potential_Movement" title="Human Potential Movement">Human Potential Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huna_(New_Age)" title="Huna (New Age)">Huna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integral_theory" title="Integral theory">Integral theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occultism" class="mw-redirect" title="Occultism">Occultism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Seth_Material" title="Seth Material">Seth Material</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritualism_(movement)" title="Spiritualism (movement)">Spiritualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirituality" title="Spirituality">Spirituality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thelema" title="Thelema">Thelema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theosophy" title="Theosophy">Theosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transpersonal_psychology" title="Transpersonal psychology">Transpersonal psychology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_religion" title="UFO religion">UFO religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_esotericism" title="Western esotericism">Western esotericism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Proponents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Arg%C3%BCelles" title="José Argüelles">José Argüelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Bach" title="Richard Bach">Richard Bach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Herbert_Brennan" title="James Herbert Brennan">James Brennan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhonda_Byrne" title="Rhonda Byrne">Rhonda Byrne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eileen_Caddy" title="Eileen Caddy">Eileen Caddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Carroll" title="Lee Carroll">Lee Carroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Castaneda" title="Carlos Castaneda">Carlos Castaneda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deepak_Chopra" title="Deepak Chopra">Deepak Chopra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paulo_Coelho" title="Paulo Coelho">Paulo Coelho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Creme" title="Benjamin Creme">Benjamin Creme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Ferguson" title="Marilyn Ferguson">Marilyn Ferguson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Gafni" title="Marc Gafni">Marc Gafni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandalf_(musician)" title="Gandalf (musician)">Gandalf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakti_Gawain" title="Shakti Gawain">Shakti Gawain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linda_Goodman" title="Linda Goodman">Linda Goodman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Grey" title="Alex Grey">Alex Grey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Harner" title="Michael Harner">Michael Harner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Harvey_(religious_writer)" title="Andrew Harvey (religious writer)">Andrew Harvey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Icke" title="David Icke">David Icke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Freedom_Long" title="Max Freedom Long">Max Freedom Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirley_MacLaine" title="Shirley MacLaine">Shirley MacLaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharishi_Mahesh_Yogi" title="Maharishi Mahesh Yogi">Maharishi Mahesh Yogi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudio_Naranjo" title="Claudio Naranjo">Claudio Naranjo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Dass" title="Ram Dass">Ram Dass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Redfield" title="James Redfield">James Redfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Roberts" title="Jane Roberts">Jane Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Satin" title="Mark Satin">Mark Satin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Spangler" title="David Spangler">David Spangler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eckhart_Tolle" title="Eckhart Tolle">Eckhart Tolle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neale_Donald_Walsch" title="Neale Donald Walsch">Neale Donald Walsch</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ken Wilber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuart_Wilde" title="Stuart Wilde">Stuart Wilde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marianne_Williamson" title="Marianne Williamson">Marianne Williamson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_Age_topics" title="List of New Age topics">Themes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2012_phenomenon" title="2012 phenomenon">2012 phenomenon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_Aquarius" title="Age of Aquarius">Age of Aquarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_medicine" title="Alternative medicine">Alternative medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animism" title="Animism">Animism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aura_(paranormal)" title="Aura (paranormal)">Aura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicameral_mentality" title="Bicameral mentality">Bicameral mentality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breathwork_(New_Age)" title="Breathwork (New Age)">Breathwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creative_visualization_(New_Age)" title="Creative visualization (New Age)">Creative visualization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_healing" title="Crystal healing">Crystal healing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth_Changes" title="Earth Changes">Earth Changes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth_mysteries" title="Earth mysteries">Earth mysteries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_(esotericism)" title="Energy (esotericism)">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feng_shui" title="Feng shui">Feng shui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaianism" title="Gaianism">Gaianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higher_consciousness" title="Higher consciousness">Higher consciousness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigo_children" title="Indigo children">Indigo children</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_attraction_(New_Thought)" title="Law of attraction (New Thought)">Law of attraction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meditation" title="Meditation">Meditation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transcendental_Meditation" title="Transcendental Meditation">TM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Michael_Teachings" title="The Michael 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/99984866">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/41111/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJbWtpHPkMMcwMWVh4qxXd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/122904737">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79092287">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12017425s">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" 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