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Hypoxia
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class="dropdown-item text-wrap" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/531">Single Cell Western</a> <a href="/instruments" class="dropdown-item text-wrap" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/6731">View All Instruments</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col sub-menu-wrapper"> <div class="sub-menu-header"> Applications<span class="icon-keyboard_arrow_down submenu-caret"></span> <hr/> <div class="menu-children-wrap sub-menu-box"> <a href="/methods/bioprocessing" class="dropdown-item text-wrap">Bioprocessing</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col sub-menu-wrapper"> <div class="sub-menu-header"> Research Areas<span class="icon-keyboard_arrow_down submenu-caret"></span> <hr/> <div class="menu-children-wrap sub-menu-box"> <a href="/research-areas/cell-and-gene-therapy" class="dropdown-item text-wrap" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/51">Cell & Gene Therapy</a> <a href="/applications/immuno-oncology-clinical" class="dropdown-item text-wrap" 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Controls</a> <a href="/diagnostics/controls-reagents/rnascope-ish-probe-high-risk-hpv" class="dropdown-item text-wrap" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/5981">RNAscope™ ISH Probe High Risk HPV</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col sub-menu-wrapper"> <div class="sub-menu-header"> Kits<span class="icon-keyboard_arrow_down submenu-caret"></span> <hr/> <div class="menu-children-wrap sub-menu-box"> <a href="/diagnostics/amplidex-genetic-testing-kits" class="dropdown-item text-wrap" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/5581">Genetics</a> <a href="/diagnostics/quantidex-oncology-testing-kits" class="dropdown-item text-wrap" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/5586">Oncology</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col sub-menu-wrapper"> <div class="sub-menu-header"> Technology<span class="icon-keyboard_arrow_down submenu-caret"></span> <hr/> <div class="menu-children-wrap sub-menu-box"> <a href="/diagnostics/exosome" class="dropdown-item text-wrap" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/5486">Exosome Platform</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col sub-menu-wrapper"> <div class="sub-menu-header"> OEM Services<span class="icon-keyboard_arrow_down submenu-caret"></span> <hr/> <div class="menu-children-wrap sub-menu-box"> <a href="/diagnostics/ivd-assay-development" class="dropdown-item text-wrap" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/10881">IVD Assay Development</a> <a href="/diagnostics/ivd-contract-manufacturing" class="dropdown-item text-wrap" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/7381">IVD Contract Manufacturing</a> <a href="/diagnostics/molecular-quality-controls/oem-and-commercial-services" class="dropdown-item text-wrap" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/6781">Molecular Diagnostic OEM Services</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col sub-menu-wrapper"> <div class="sub-menu-header"> Companion Diagnostics<span class="icon-keyboard_arrow_down submenu-caret"></span> <hr/> <div class="menu-children-wrap sub-menu-box"> <a href="/diagnostics/companion-diagnostics" class="dropdown-item text-wrap" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/5631">Companion Diagnostics Services</a> <a href="/diagnostics/companion-diagnostics/multiomics" class="dropdown-item text-wrap" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/10616">Multiomics Platform</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdown-services" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Services <span class="icon-bt-icon-caret-cropped menu-caret js-caret d-inline-block"></span> </a> <div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-services" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdown-services"> <div class="row"> <div class="col sub-menu-wrapper"> <div class="sub-menu-header"> Custom Quotes<span class="icon-keyboard_arrow_down submenu-caret"></span> <hr/> <div class="menu-children-wrap sub-menu-box"> <a href="/services/bulk-quotes" class="dropdown-item text-wrap" data-drupal-link-system-path="services/bulk-quotes">Bulk Quote Discounts</a> <a href="/services/custom-formulation" class="dropdown-item text-wrap" data-drupal-link-system-path="services/custom-formulation">Custom Formulation Quotes</a> <a href="/reagents/rnascope-ish-technology/probes/custom" class="dropdown-item text-wrap" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/12571">RNAscope Custom Probe Design Quote</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col sub-menu-wrapper"> <div class="sub-menu-header"> Custom Services<span class="icon-keyboard_arrow_down submenu-caret"></span> <hr/> <div class="menu-children-wrap sub-menu-box"> <a href="/services/custom-services" class="dropdown-item text-wrap" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1891">All Custom Services</a> <a href="/services/custom-antibody-services" class="dropdown-item text-wrap" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/906">Custom Antibody Services</a> <a href="/services/custom-cell-and-gene-therapy-services" class="dropdown-item text-wrap" 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href="/services/instrument-services/simple-western-service-plans" class="dropdown-item text-wrap" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/3181">Simple Western Service Plans</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col sub-menu-wrapper"> <div class="sub-menu-header"> Licensing<span class="icon-keyboard_arrow_down submenu-caret"></span> <hr/> <div class="menu-children-wrap sub-menu-box"> <a href="/services/biotechnology-licensing-partnering" class="dropdown-item text-wrap" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1101">Biotechnology Licensing and Partnering</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdown-resources" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Resources <span class="icon-bt-icon-caret-cropped menu-caret js-caret d-inline-block"></span> </a> <div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-resources" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdown-resources"> <div class="row"> <div class="col sub-menu-wrapper"> <div class="sub-menu-header"> Product & Instrument Tools<span class="icon-keyboard_arrow_down submenu-caret"></span> <hr/> <div class="menu-children-wrap sub-menu-box"> <a href="/resources/cofa-finder-tool" class="dropdown-item text-wrap" data-drupal-link-system-path="resources/cofa-finder-tool">Certificate of Analysis (COA) Finder Tool</a> <a href="/resources/calculators" class="dropdown-item text-wrap" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/7416">Calculators</a> <a href="/resources/flow-cytometry-panel-builder" class="dropdown-item text-wrap" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/8821">Flow Cytometry Panel Builder</a> <a href="/luminex-assay-customization-tool" class="dropdown-item text-wrap" data-drupal-link-system-path="luminex-assay-customization-tool">Luminex Assay Customization Tool</a> <a href="/resources/product-insert-lookup-tool" class="dropdown-item text-wrap" data-drupal-link-system-path="resources/product-insert-lookup-tool">Product Insert Lookup 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container --> </section> </div><!-- end header-wrapper --> <section class="paragraph paragraph--type--hero-banner paragraph--view-mode--full paragraph-background-color--dark"> <div class="banner_background_image no-lazy-load" style="background: linear-gradient(to top, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.0) 0%, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.90) 100%), url('https://resources.bio-techne.com/bio-techne-assets/images/banners/23-aacr-banner-gradient-1500x340.png'); background-position: top center; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-size: cover;"> <div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--h1-2-2-text-to-media-multi-cta paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="container-fluid container-wide"> <div class="layout layout--twocol-section layout--twocol-section--50-50"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--first"> <div class="hero-content-wrap"> <div class="field_block:paragraph:h1_2_2_text_to_media_multi_cta:field_indv_h1"> <div><h1>Hypoxia</h1></div> </div> <div class="field_block:paragraph:h1_2_2_text_to_media_multi_cta:field_lg_sngl_frmtd_text_global"> <div><p>Hypoxia is a physiological state characterized by decreased oxygen levels in organs and tissues. Hypoxia is associated with various pathophysiological conditions including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary hypertension, congenital heart disease, cerebral ischemia, and cancer.</p></div> </div> <div class="field_block:paragraph:h1_2_2_text_to_media_multi_cta:field_multi_cta_links"> <div class="mt-3"> <a href="/research-areas/cancer" class="text-white" type="link"> <u class="text-white">Cancer</u> </a> <span class="text-light"> | </span> <a href="/research-areas/cardiovascular-biology" class="text-white" type="link"> <u class="text-white">Cardiovascular Biology</u> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--second"> <div class="hero-content-wrap"> <div class="field_block:paragraph:h1_2_2_text_to_media_multi_cta:field_indv_media"> <div> <img src="https://resources.bio-techne.com/bio-techne-assets/images/banners/hypoxia-hero.png" alt="Hypoxia Hero" loading="lazy" > </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div><!-- end hero-banner --> </div> </header> </div> <div id="main" class="container-fluid container-wide"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <div> <div id="block-bio-techne-global-breadcrumbs" class="system_breadcrumb_block"> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="system-breadcrumb"> <h2 id="system-breadcrumb" class="visually-hidden">Breadcrumb</h2> <ol> <li> <a href="/">Home</a> </li> <li> <a href="/research-areas">Research Areas</a> </li> <li> Hypoxia </li> </ol> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> <main> <section class="section"> <div> <div id="block-bio-techne-global-content" class="system_main_block"> <article> <div> <div> <div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--freeform mb-4 paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div><p><a href="#producttypes">Products Areas</a> | <a href="#oxygenlevels">O<sub>2</sub> Levels in Organs and Tissues</a> | <a href="#hypoxiastates">Defining Hypoxia States</a> | <a href="#resources">Resources</a></p></div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--freeform mb-4 paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div><p>Low oxygenation plays a role in embryonic development and may be physiologically normal for some adult tissues which maintain a hypoxic environment (e.g., bone marrow microdomains and thymus). However, oxygen deficiency commonly affects cellular function and disrupts various biological processes, including cell proliferation and differentiation, <a href="/research-areas/angiogenesis">angiogenesis</a>, <a href="/research-areas/metabolism">metabolism</a>, and pH homeostasis. </p> <h2><a name="producttypes"></a>Hypoxia Research Product Areas </h2> <p> </p> <figure class="responsive-figure-table"><table class="overflow-auto table table-bordered"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="w-33"><a href="/research-areas/hypoxia/hypoxia-detection-methods">Hypoxia Detection Methods</a> </td> <td class="w-33"><a href="/research-areas/hypoxia/hypoxia-signaling-modulation">Hypoxia Inducers & Inhibitors</a></td> <td> <p><a href="/research-areas/hypoxia/hypoxia-signaling">Hypoxia Signaling</a></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="w-33"> <p><a href="/research-areas/hypoxia/hypoxia-inducible-factors-hif">Hypoxia Inducible Factors</a></p> </td> <td class="w-33"> </td> <td> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table></figure> <p> </p></div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--freeform mb-4 paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div><p><a name="oxygenlevels"></a></p></div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--full-page-text-with-media mb-4 paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div><h2>Physiologic Median O<sub>2</sub> Levels in Organs and Tissues</h2></div> <div> <img src="https://resources.bio-techne.com/bio-techne-assets/images/research-areas/hypoxia-fig-1470.jpg" alt="Median O2 Levels in Human Organs and Tissues" loading="lazy" > </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--freeform mb-4 paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div><p><a name="hypoxiastates"></a></p></div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--freeform mb-4 paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div><h2><a name="hypoxia states"></a>Defining Hypoxia States*</h2> <p>Cellular responses to hypoxia are critically dependent on the duration (acute vs chronic) and extent (hypoxia vs anoxia) of the low-oxygen state, and are predominantly mediated by <a href="/research-areas/hypoxia/hypoxia-inducible-factors-hif">hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs)</a>, considered to be “master regulators” of adaptations to low-oxygenation. However, both HIF-dependent and -independent mechanisms play roles in shaping cellular responses to hypoxia in physiology and disease.</p> <figure class="responsive-figure-table"><table class="overflow-auto table table-bordered"> <thead> <tr> <th class="bt-blue-table-header">Duration</th> <th class="bt-blue-table-header">Extent</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td><strong>Acute</strong><br> Low tissue oxygen from minutes to hours, due to temporary limitations in blood flow</td> <td><strong>Hypoxia</strong><br> ~ 1-2% O<sub>2</sub></td> </tr> <tr> <td><strong>Chronic</strong><br> Low tissue oxygen from hours to days, due to limitations in the diffusion of oxygen to distant tissues</td> <td><strong>Anoxia</strong><br> ~ 0.02% O<sub>2</sub> and below</td> </tr> </tbody> </table></figure> <p>*Definitions for hypoxia are based on conditions used in <a href="/research-areas/cancer">cancer</a> model systems.</p></div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--section paragraph--view-mode--default mb-4"> <div> <div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--freeform mb-4 paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div><h2><a name="resources"></a> </h2> <h2>Hypoxia Resources</h2> <p> </p></div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--columns paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="list-grid list-grid-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-4 column-group"><h3>Protocols & FAQs</h3> <p> </p> <ul> <li><a href="/applications/western-blotting/cell-fractionation-and-organelle-isolation" target="blank">Cell Fractionation and Organelle Isolation</a></li> <li><a href="/resources/protocols-troubleshooting/cellular-response-hypoxia">Cellular Response to Hypoxia Protocols</a></li> <li><a href="https://resources.bio-techne.com/bio-techne-assets/docs/pdfs/manual-nb100-105-36986600.pdf">Hypoxic and Simulated-Hypoxic Cell Lysate Preparations</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.bio-techne.com/research-areas/hypoxia/hypoxia-and-hif-faqs">Hypoxia and HIFs - Frequently Asked Questions</a></li> <li>Find more <a href="/resources/protocols-troubleshooting">Protocols and Troubleshooting Guides</a> </li> </ul> <p> </p></div> <div class="col-4 column-group"><h3>Literature, Webinars & Blogs </h3> <p> </p> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.bio-techne.com/resources/literature/hypoxia">The Cellular Response to Hypoxia in Cancer White Paper</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.bio-techne.com/resources/literature/understanding-the-cellular-response-to-hypoxia">A Technical Perspective: Understanding the Cellular Response to Hypoxia through <em>In Vitro</em> Model Systems White Paper</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.bio-techne.com/resources/literature/tumor-hypoxia-and-emt-poster">Tumor Hypoxia and EMT Poster </a></li> <li><a href="/resources/literature/tumor-evasion-and-immunosuppression-poster">A Look Inside a Tumor: Mechanisms of Tumor Evasion and Immunosuppression Poster</a></li> <li><a href="/resources/webinars/exploiting-tumor-hypoxia-for-targeted-immunotherapy">Webinar: Exploiting Tumor Hypoxia for Targeted Immunotherapy</a></li> <li><a href="/resources/blogs/hypoxia-dependent-car-stabilizing-construct-in-t-cells-improves-solid-tumor-targeting-and-efficacy">Blog: Hypoxia-Dependent CAR Stabilizing Construct in T cells Improves Solid Tumor Targeting and Efficacy</a></li> </ul></div> <div class="col-4 column-group"><h3>Pathways</h3> <p> </p> <ul> <li><a href="/resources/signal-transduction-pathways/autophagy-pathway">Autophagy Signaling Pathway</a></li> <li><a href="/resources/signal-transduction-pathways/nfkb-pathway">NF-κB</a></li> <li><a href="/resources/signal-transduction-pathways/akt-signaling-pathway">PI 3-K/AKT</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.rndsystems.com/pathways/hif-enhancer-pathways" target="_blank">HIF Enhancer Pathways</a> on R&D Systems </li> <li><a href="https://www.rndsystems.com/pathways/hif-repress-pathways" target="_blank">HIF Repressor Pathways</a> on R&D Systems</li> <li><a href="https://www.rndsystems.com/pathways/hif-stability-activity-pathways" target="_blank">HIF Stability and Activity Pathways</a> on R&D Systems</li> <li>Find more <a href="/resources/signal-transduction-pathways">Signal Transduction Pathways</a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </section> </main> </div> <div id="brandsbar-footer" class="bg-bt-primary"> <div class="container-wide container-fluid text-white"> <div class="row py-5"> <div class="footer-logo col-xl-3 col-lg-auto d-flex"> <img class="brand-bar-footer-logo" src="/themes/custom/bio_techne_global/logo.svg" alt="Bio-techne logo"> </div> <div class="col-xl-9 col-lg-auto"> <p class="ml-xl-4 bt-px_groteskbold footer-tagline">Global Developer, Manufacturer, and Supplier of High-Quality Reagents, Analytical Instruments, and Precision Diagnostics.</p> </div> <div class="included-brands col"> <span class="font-weight-bold 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