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<li id="toc-City_name" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#City_name"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>City name</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-City_name-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Village_of_Chorzów" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Village_of_Chorzów"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Village of Chorzów</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Village_of_Chorzów-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Industrial_revolution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Industrial_revolution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Industrial revolution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Industrial_revolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interwar_Poland_(1922–1939)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interwar_Poland_(1922–1939)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Interwar Poland (1922–1939)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interwar_Poland_(1922–1939)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-German_occupation_during_World_War_II_(1939–1945)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#German_occupation_during_World_War_II_(1939–1945)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>German occupation during World War II (1939–1945)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-German_occupation_during_World_War_II_(1939–1945)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-After_1945" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#After_1945"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>After 1945</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-After_1945-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Location" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Location"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Location</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Location-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Higher_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Higher_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Higher education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Higher_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Sights</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sights-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Sights subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Architecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Architecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Architecture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Architecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Industrial_heritage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Industrial_heritage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Industrial heritage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Industrial_heritage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Silesian_Central_Park" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Silesian_Central_Park"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Silesian Central Park</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Silesian_Central_Park-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notable people subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Born_in_Chorzów" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Born_in_Chorzów"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Born in Chorzów</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Born_in_Chorzów-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Associated_with_Chorzów" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Associated_with_Chorzów"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Associated with Chorzów</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Associated_with_Chorzów-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Twin towns – sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Chorzów</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 67 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-67" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">67 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%81" title="خوجوف – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="خوجوف" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%B2" title="Хожув – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Хожув" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Хожаў – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Хожаў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Хожаў – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Хожаў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Хожов – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хожов" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cho%C5%99ov" title="Chořov – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Chořov" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CF%8C%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%86" title="Χόζουφ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χόζουφ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%DA%98%D9%88%D9%81" title="خوژوف – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خوژوف" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%98%B8%EC%A3%BC%ED%94%84" title="호주프 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="호주프" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BD%D5%B8%D5%AA%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BE" title="Խոժուվ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Խոժուվ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%95%D7%96%27%D7%95%D7%91" title="חוז'וב – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חוז'וב" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ho%C5%BEova" title="Hožova – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Hožova" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cho%C5%BEuvas" title="Chožuvas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Chožuvas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%81" title="خورجوف – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="خورجوف" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%88%E2%80%8C%D9%88" title="خورجو‌و – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="خورجو‌و" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorzow" title="Chorzow – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Chorzow" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%B2" title="Хожув – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Хожув" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9B%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A5%E3%83%95" title="ホジュフ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ホジュフ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%B2" title="Хожув – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хожув" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Southern Sotho" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Southern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C5%AFw" title="Chorzůw – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Chorzůw" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Хожов – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хожов" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%B2" title="Хожув – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Хожув" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%B2" title="Хожув – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хожув" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Chorzów – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Chorzów" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E8%8C%B9%E5%A4%AB" title="霍茹夫 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="霍茹夫" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E7%A5%96%E5%A4%AB" title="荷祖夫 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="荷祖夫" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E8%8C%B9%E5%A4%AB" title="霍茹夫 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="霍茹夫" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> 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<div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Chorz%C3%B3w&params=50_18_N_18_57_E_region:PL_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">50°18′N</span> <span class="longitude">18°57′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">50.300°N 18.950°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">50.300; 18.950</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the town in Subcarpathian Voivodeship, see <a href="/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w,_Subcarpathian_Voivodeship" class="mw-redirect" title="Chorzów, Subcarpathian Voivodeship">Chorzów, Subcarpathian Voivodeship</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Place in Silesian Voivodeship, Poland</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Chorzów</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native"><span title="Silesian-language text"><i lang="szl">Chorzōw</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Silesian_language" title="Silesian language">Silesian</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chorz%C3%B3w_-_Teatr_Rozrywki_01.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Teatr Rozrywki"><img alt="Teatr Rozrywki" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Chorz%C3%B3w_-_Teatr_Rozrywki_01.JPG/250px-Chorz%C3%B3w_-_Teatr_Rozrywki_01.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Chorz%C3%B3w_-_Teatr_Rozrywki_01.JPG/375px-Chorz%C3%B3w_-_Teatr_Rozrywki_01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Chorz%C3%B3w_-_Teatr_Rozrywki_01.JPG/500px-Chorz%C3%B3w_-_Teatr_Rozrywki_01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3589" data-file-height="2392" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Teatr Rozrywki</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:POL_Chorz%C3%B3w_flag.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Chorzów"><img alt="Flag of Chorzów" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/POL_Chorz%C3%B3w_flag.svg/100px-POL_Chorz%C3%B3w_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/POL_Chorz%C3%B3w_flag.svg/150px-POL_Chorz%C3%B3w_flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/POL_Chorz%C3%B3w_flag.svg/200px-POL_Chorz%C3%B3w_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:POL_Chorz%C3%B3w_COA.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Chorzów"><img alt="Coat of arms of Chorzów" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/POL_Chorz%C3%B3w_COA.svg/89px-POL_Chorz%C3%B3w_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="89" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/POL_Chorz%C3%B3w_COA.svg/133px-POL_Chorz%C3%B3w_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/POL_Chorz%C3%B3w_COA.svg/178px-POL_Chorz%C3%B3w_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="745" data-file-height="839" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Poland_adm_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chorzów is located in Poland"><img alt="Chorzów is located in Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Poland_adm_location_map.svg/250px-Poland_adm_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Poland_adm_location_map.svg/375px-Poland_adm_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Poland_adm_location_map.svg/500px-Poland_adm_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="861" data-file-height="837" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:75.385%;left:48.131%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Chorzów"><img alt="Chorzów" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:4px;left:-3em"><div>Chorzów</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Chorz%C3%B3w&params=50_18_N_18_57_E_region:PL_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">50°18′N</span> <span class="longitude">18°57′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">50.300°N 18.950°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">50.300; 18.950</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Voivodeships_of_Poland" title="Voivodeships of Poland">Voivodeship</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_flag.svg/23px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_flag.svg/35px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_flag.svg/46px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Silesian_Voivodeship" title="Silesian Voivodeship">Silesian</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_of_Poland" title="List of counties of Poland">County</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>city county</i></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1257</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">City rights</th><td class="infobox-data">1868</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • City mayor</th><td class="infobox-data">Szymon Michałek (<a href="/wiki/Independent_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (politician)">Ind.</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • City</div></th><td class="infobox-data">33.24 km<sup>2</sup> (12.83 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(31 December 2021<sup id="cite_ref-population_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • City</div></th><td class="infobox-data">105,628 <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">3,166.9/km<sup>2</sup> (8,202/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">2,746,000</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metro</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">4,620,624</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B1" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+1">UTC+1</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Time" title="Central European Time">CET</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B2" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+2">UTC+2</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Summer_Time" title="Central European Summer Time">CEST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Postal code</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">41–500 to 41–506</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">+48 32</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_Poland" title="Vehicle registration plates of Poland">Car plates</a></th><td class="infobox-data">SH</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Primary airport</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Katowice_Airport" title="Katowice Airport">Katowice Airport</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://chorzow.eu/">https://chorzow.eu/</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Chorzów</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/x/: 'ch' in 'loch'">x</span><span title="/ɒ/: 'o' in 'body'">ɒ</span><span title="/ʒ/: 's' in 'pleasure'">ʒ</span><span title="/uː/: 'oo' in 'goose'">uː</span><span title="'f' in 'find'">f</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">KHOZH</span>-oof</i></a>; <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Polish:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="pl-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Polish" title="Help:IPA/Polish">[ˈxɔʐuf]</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/8\/8f\/Pl-Chorz%C3%B3w.ogg\/Pl-Chorz%C3%B3w.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Pl-Chorz\u00f3w.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8f/Pl-Chorz%C3%B3w.ogg/Pl-Chorz%C3%B3w.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Pl-Chorz%C3%B3w.ogg" title="File:Pl-Chorzów.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span>; German: <i lang="de">Königshütte</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="de-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German" title="Help:IPA/Standard German">[ˈkøːnɪçsˌhʏtə]</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-2" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/3\/31\/De-K%C3%B6nigsh%C3%BCtte.ogg\/De-K%C3%B6nigsh%C3%BCtte.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"De-K\u00f6nigsh\u00fctte.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/31/De-K%C3%B6nigsh%C3%BCtte.ogg/De-K%C3%B6nigsh%C3%BCtte.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:De-K%C3%B6nigsh%C3%BCtte.ogg" title="File:De-Königshütte.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span>; <a href="/wiki/Silesian_language" title="Silesian language">Silesian</a>: <i lang="szl">Chorzōw</i>) is a city in the <a href="/wiki/Silesia" title="Silesia">Silesia</a> region of southern <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Katowice" title="Katowice">Katowice</a>. Chorzów is one of the central cities of the <a href="/wiki/Metropolis_GZM" title="Metropolis GZM">Metropolis GZM</a> – a metropolis with a population of 2 million. It is located in the <a href="/wiki/Silesian_Highlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Silesian Highlands">Silesian Highlands</a>, on the <a href="/wiki/Rawa_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Rawa River">Rawa River</a> (a tributary of the <a href="/wiki/Vistula_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Vistula River">Vistula</a>). </p><p>Administratively, Chorzów is in the <a href="/wiki/Silesian_Voivodeship" title="Silesian Voivodeship">Silesian Voivodeship</a> since 1999, previously <a href="/wiki/Katowice_Voivodeship" title="Katowice Voivodeship">Katowice Voivodeship</a>, and before then, the <a href="/wiki/Silesian_Voivodeship_(1920%E2%80%931939)" title="Silesian Voivodeship (1920–1939)">Silesian Voivodeship</a>. Chorzów is one of the cities of the 2.7 million <a href="/wiki/Conurbation" title="Conurbation">conurbation</a> – the <a href="/wiki/Katowice_urban_area" title="Katowice urban area">Katowice urban area</a> and within a greater <a href="/wiki/Katowice-Ostrava_metropolitan_area" title="Katowice-Ostrava metropolitan area">Katowice-Ostrava metropolitan area</a> with the population of about 5,294,000 people.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The population within the city limits is 105,628 as of December 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-population_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chorz%C3%B3w&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="City_name">City name</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chorz%C3%B3w&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: City name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city of Chorzów was formed in 1934–1939 by a merger of 4 adjacent cities: Chorzów, Królewska Huta, Nowe Hajduki and Hajduki Wielkie. These cities were a part of Germany. The name of the oldest settlement <i>Chorzów</i> was applied to the amalgamated city.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Katowice_1792.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Katowice_1792.jpg/220px-Katowice_1792.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Katowice_1792.jpg/330px-Katowice_1792.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Katowice_1792.jpg/440px-Katowice_1792.jpg 2x" data-file-width="761" data-file-height="570" /></a><figcaption>Chorzów as <i>Charzow</i> on an 18th-century Polish map</figcaption></figure> <p>The etymology of the name is not known. Chorzów is believed to be first mentioned as <i>Zversov</i> or <i>Zuersov</i> in a document of 1136 by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Innocent_II" title="Pope Innocent II">Pope Innocent II</a> as a village with peasants, silver miners, and two inns. Another place-name likely indicating Chorzów is Coccham or Coccha, which is mentioned in a document of 1198 by the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Patriarch_of_Jerusalem" title="Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem">Patriarch of Jerusalem</a>, who awarded this place to the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Holy_Sepulchre" title="Order of the Holy Sepulchre">Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem</a>. Chorzów is then mentioned as <i>Chareu</i> or <i>Charev</i> in 1257 and then <i>Charzow</i> in 1292. The last name may originate from the <a href="/wiki/Personal_name" title="Personal name">personal name</a> <i>Charz</i>, short for <i>Zachary</i> and may mean <i>Zachary's place</i>. The <i>a</i> in the early names may have been later modified to the current pronunciation with <i>o</i> perhaps due to similarity to the <a href="/wiki/Proper_adjective" title="Proper adjective">common adjective</a> <i>chory</i>=<i>ill</i> and a presence of a hospital (which was moved in 1299 to Rozbark at the gates of <a href="/wiki/Bytom" title="Bytom">Bytom</a>). Today, the place of the old village is a subdivision called <i>Chorzów III</i> or <i><a href="/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w_Stary" title="Chorzów Stary">Chorzów Stary</a></i> = <i>the Old Chorzów</i>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The industrial and residential settlement south-west of Chorzów constructed since 1797 around the <i>Royal Coal Mine</i> and <i>Royal Iron Works</i> was named <i>Królewska Huta</i> by the Poles or <i>Königshütte</i> by the Germans, both names meaning <i>Royal Iron Works</i>. As it was growing quickly this settlement was granted <a href="/wiki/Town_privileges" title="Town privileges">city status</a> in 1868. Today this neighbourhood is called <i>Chorzów I</i> or <i>Chorzów-Miasto</i> meaning <i>Chorzów Centre</i>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chorzow_Stary_Jana.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Chorzow_Stary_Jana.jpg/190px-Chorzow_Stary_Jana.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Chorzow_Stary_Jana.jpg/285px-Chorzow_Stary_Jana.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Chorzow_Stary_Jana.jpg/380px-Chorzow_Stary_Jana.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Chorzow Stary</figcaption></figure> <p>The etymology of <i>Hajduki</i> is ambiguous and is interpreted as either related to the German word for <a href="/wiki/Moorland" title="Moorland">moorland</a> (German: die Heide), or adopted from the German/Polish/Silesian term for <a href="/wiki/Hajduk" title="Hajduk">hajduk</a>(s) (Polish (plural): Hajduki; German (singular): Heiduck), which locally meant bandits. The place was first mentioned in 1627 as <i>Hejduk</i> and shown on 18th century maps as "Ober Heiduk" and "Nieder Heiduk" (i.e., Upper and Lower Heiduk). The later names <i>Hajduki Wielkie</i> and <i>Nowe Hajduki</i> mean <i>Great Hajduks</i> and <i>New Hajduks</i>, respectively. The two settlements were merged in 1903 and named after the <a href="/wiki/Otto_von_Bismarck" title="Otto von Bismarck">Bismarck</a> <a href="/wiki/Ironworks" title="Ironworks">Iron Works</a> <i>Bismarckhütte</i>. When the international borders shifted, the name of Bismarck was replaced with the name of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Polish_monarchs" title="List of Polish monarchs">Polish king</a> <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A1thory" class="mw-redirect" title="Báthory">Batory</a> (so-chosen to preserve that initial "B", which appeared on an economically important local trademark). Today this city subdivision is called <i>Chorzów IV</i> or <i>Chorzów-Batory</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Village_of_Chorzów"><span id="Village_of_Chorz.C3.B3w"></span>Village of Chorzów</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chorz%C3%B3w&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Village of Chorzów"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 12th century, the <a href="/wiki/Castellan" title="Castellan">castellany</a> of <a href="/wiki/Bytom" title="Bytom">Bytom</a>, including the Chorzów area, belonged to the <a href="/wiki/Seniorate_Province" title="Seniorate Province">Seniorate Province</a> (Kraków Duchy) of Poland. In 1179 it was awarded by Duke <a href="/wiki/Casimir_II_the_Just" title="Casimir II the Just">Casimir the Just</a> to the Duke of <a href="/wiki/Opole" title="Opole">Opole</a>, and since that time the history of Chorzów has been connected to the history of <a href="/wiki/Upper_Silesia" title="Upper Silesia">Upper Silesia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Opole" title="Duchy of Opole">Duchy of Opole</a>).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The oldest part of the city, the village of Chorzów, today called <i><a href="/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w_Stary" title="Chorzów Stary">Chorzów Stary</a></i>, belonged since 1257 to the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Holy_Sepulchre" title="Order of the Holy Sepulchre">Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem</a>. Already at that time silver and lead ores were mined nearby, later also the ores of iron. There is more documentation for 16th century developments.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>From 1327, the Upper Silesian duchies were ruled by the dukes of the <a href="/wiki/Piast_dynasty" title="Piast dynasty">Piast dynasty</a> and were subject to <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemian</a> overlordship. The <a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Bohemia" class="mw-redirect" title="Crown of Bohemia">Crown of Bohemia</a> elected Polish-Lithuanian <a href="/wiki/Jagiellon_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Jagiellon dynasty">Jagiellons</a> kings from 1471 and Austrian <a href="/wiki/House_of_Habsburg" title="House of Habsburg">Habsburgs</a> kings after 1526. In 1742, the area was conquered by the Prussian <a href="/wiki/House_of_Hohenzollern" title="House of Hohenzollern">Hohenzollerns</a> in <a href="/wiki/Silesian_Wars" title="Silesian Wars">Silesian Wars</a>, setting the stage for the Prussian industrial might. The Prussian and then German period lasted for about 180 years and overlapped with the time of rapid industrialization.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Industrial_revolution">Industrial revolution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chorz%C3%B3w&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Industrial revolution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Adolph_Menzel_-_Eisenwalzwerk_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Adolph_Menzel_-_Eisenwalzwerk_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/220px-Adolph_Menzel_-_Eisenwalzwerk_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Adolph_Menzel_-_Eisenwalzwerk_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/330px-Adolph_Menzel_-_Eisenwalzwerk_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Adolph_Menzel_-_Eisenwalzwerk_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/440px-Adolph_Menzel_-_Eisenwalzwerk_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3543" data-file-height="2199" /></a><figcaption>Steelworks at Königshütte, 1872–1875 ("Das Eisenwalzwerk" by <a href="/wiki/Adolph_Menzel" title="Adolph Menzel">Adolf von Menzel</a>)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wolka.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Wolka.jpg/190px-Wolka.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Wolka.jpg/285px-Wolka.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Wolka.jpg/380px-Wolka.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption><i>Ulica Wolności</i> (Freedom Street), one of the main areas of commerce in the city</figcaption></figure> <p>With the discovery of <a href="/wiki/Bituminous_coal" title="Bituminous coal">bituminous coal</a> deposits at the end of the 18th century by the Polish local priest <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ludwik_Bojarski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ludwik Bojarski (page does not exist)">Ludwik Bojarski</a>, new industrial sectors developed in the Chorzów area. In the years 1791–1797 the Prussian <a href="/wiki/Public_ownership" class="mw-redirect" title="Public ownership">state-owned</a> Royal Coal Mine was constructed (<i>Kopalnia Król</i>, <i>Königsgrube</i>, later renamed several times with the changing political winds). In 1799, first <a href="/wiki/Pig_iron" title="Pig iron">pig iron</a> was made in the Royal Iron Works (<i>Królewska Huta</i>, <i>Königshütte</i>). At the time, it was a pioneering industrial establishment of its kind in <a href="/wiki/Continental_Europe" title="Continental Europe">continental Europe</a>. In 1819 the ironworks consisted of 4 <a href="/wiki/Blast_furnace" title="Blast furnace">blast furnaces</a>, producing 1,400 tons of pig-iron. In the 1800s the modern Lidognia Zinc Works was added in the area. </p><p>Settlements grew near the new coal and ironworks. Since 1797, one group of settlements was called <i>Königshütte</i> (<i>Królewska Huta</i> in Polish) after the ironworks. In 1846 Królewska Huta received a <a href="/wiki/Rail_tracks" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail tracks">railway track</a> to <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Awi%C4%99toch%C5%82owice" title="Świętochłowice">Świętochłowice</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mys%C5%82owice" title="Mysłowice">Mysłowice</a>, in 1857 to <a href="/wiki/Bytom" title="Bytom">Bytom</a> and until 1872 to all major cities in the Silesian region. Królewska Huta received city status in 1868 as part of <a href="/wiki/Bytom" title="Bytom">Bytom</a> County, and in 1898 it was made a separate <a href="/wiki/Consolidated_city-county" title="Consolidated city-county">city-county</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>The population was increasing rapidly: from 19,500 inhabitants in 1870 to 72,600 in 1910. Among them 17,300 workers were employed in the industry (similar number for 1939). In 1871 there was a workers' rebellion in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Royal Iron Works were taken over in 1871 by the holding called <i>Vereingte Königs- und Laurahütte <a href="/wiki/Aktiengesellschaft" title="Aktiengesellschaft">AG</a> für Bergbau und Hüttenbetrieb</i>, which added a <a href="/wiki/Steel_mill" title="Steel mill">steel mill</a>, rail mill and workshops. In the vicinity of the Royal Coal Mine, <i>Countess Laura</i> Coal Mine was opened in 1870, and by 1913–1914 coal production increased to 1 million tons a year. In 1898, a <a href="/wiki/Thermal_power_station" title="Thermal power station">thermal power plant</a> was commissioned which was, until the 1930s, the biggest electricity producer in Poland with a power of 100 MW (electrical). Today, it operates as <a href="/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w_Power_Station" title="Chorzów Power Station">"ELCHO"</a>. In 1915, nitrogen chemical works (Oberschlesische Stickstoffwerke) were built nearby to produce fertilizers and explosives by newly invented processes: from the air, water and coal (see <a href="/wiki/Haber_process" title="Haber process">Haber-Bosch process</a>). Today, it operates as "Zakłady Azotowe SA".<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Another ironworks, Bismarck Iron Works (<i>Bismarckhütte</i>), later called Bathory Iron Works (<i>Huta Batory</i>), was opened in 1872 in the village of Hajduki Wielkie, just south of Chorzów and Królewska Huta. A large <a href="/wiki/Carbochemistry" title="Carbochemistry">carbochemical</a> plant was started nearby in 1889, the first such <a href="/wiki/Chemical_plant" title="Chemical plant">chemical plant</a> in what was to later become the Polish state. Today the company operates as "Zakłady Koksochemiczne Hajduki SA". </p><p>Towards the end of the 19th century, Chorzów experienced a revival of Polish national feelings. Ethnic tensions were mixed with the religious and <a href="/wiki/Class_struggle" class="mw-redirect" title="Class struggle">class conflicts</a>. <a href="/wiki/Karol_Miarka_(father)" title="Karol Miarka (father)">Karol Miarka</a> was the editor of Polish books and newspapers including <i>Katolik</i> (The Catholic) published in Królewska Huta since 1868, <i>Poradnik Gospodarski</i> (<i>Economic Advisor</i>) since 1879. He was also the founder of several organizations: Upper Silesian Union, Upper Silesian Peasants Union. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Juliusz_Ligon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juliusz Ligon (page does not exist)">Juliusz Ligoń</a> was a Polish activist and poet. In 1920 the football club <a href="/wiki/Ruch_Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Ruch Chorzów">Ruch Chorzów</a> was founded in the city. Later on, it would become one of the most successful Polish football teams. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interwar_Poland_(1922–1939)"><span id="Interwar_Poland_.281922.E2.80.931939.29"></span>Interwar Poland (1922–1939)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chorz%C3%B3w&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Interwar Poland (1922–1939)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Henryk_Podd%C4%99bski_-_Kr%C3%B3lewska_Huta_(131-11128).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Henryk_Podd%C4%99bski_-_Kr%C3%B3lewska_Huta_%28131-11128%29.jpg/220px-Henryk_Podd%C4%99bski_-_Kr%C3%B3lewska_Huta_%28131-11128%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Henryk_Podd%C4%99bski_-_Kr%C3%B3lewska_Huta_%28131-11128%29.jpg/330px-Henryk_Podd%C4%99bski_-_Kr%C3%B3lewska_Huta_%28131-11128%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Henryk_Podd%C4%99bski_-_Kr%C3%B3lewska_Huta_%28131-11128%29.jpg/440px-Henryk_Podd%C4%99bski_-_Kr%C3%B3lewska_Huta_%28131-11128%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3500" data-file-height="2363" /></a><figcaption>Chorzów in the 1930s</figcaption></figure> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Upper_Silesia_plebiscite" class="mw-redirect" title="Upper Silesia plebiscite">Upper Silesia plebiscite</a> a majority of 31,864 voters voted to remain in Germany while 10,764 votes were given for Poland<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following three <a href="/wiki/Silesian_Uprisings" title="Silesian Uprisings">Silesian Uprisings</a>, the eastern part of Silesia, including Chorzów and Królewska Huta, was separated from Germany and awarded to <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> in 1922. Migrations of people followed. Because of its strategic value, the case of the nitrogen factory <a href="/wiki/Oberschlesische_Stickstoffwerke" class="mw-redirect" title="Oberschlesische Stickstoffwerke">Oberschlesische Stickstoffwerke</a> was argued for years before the <a href="/wiki/Permanent_Court_of_International_Justice" title="Permanent Court of International Justice">Permanent Court of International Justice</a>, finally setting some new legal precedents on what is "just" in international relations.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1934, the industrial communities of Chorzów, Królewska Huta and Nowe Hajduki were merged into one municipality with 81,000 inhabitants. The name of the oldest settlement <i>Chorzów</i> was given to the whole city. In April 1939, the settlement of Hajduki Wielkie with 30,000 inhabitants was added to Chorzów. </p><p>In part due to the German-Polish <a href="/wiki/Trade_war" title="Trade war">trade war</a> in the 1920s, the industry of Chorzów, a border city at that time, stagnated until 1933. In 1927, a division of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Huta_Pi%C5%82sudski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huta Piłsudski (page does not exist)">Huta Piłsudski</a> was separated into a company making rail cars, trams and bridges; today it operates as <a href="/wiki/Alstom" title="Alstom">Alstom</a>-Konstal. The State Factory of <a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">Nitrogen</a> Compounds (Państwowa Fabryka Związków Azotowych) was in 1933 merged with a similar company (largely its copy) in <a href="/wiki/Tarn%C3%B3w" title="Tarnów">Tarnów</a>-Mościce. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="German_occupation_during_World_War_II_(1939–1945)"><span id="German_occupation_during_World_War_II_.281939.E2.80.931945.29"></span>German occupation during World War II (1939–1945)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chorz%C3%B3w&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: German occupation during World War II (1939–1945)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chorz%C3%B3w,_ul._Bo%C5%BCogrobc%C3%B3w_31,_Pomnik_-_gr%C3%B3b_zbiorowy_ofiar_oboz%C3%B3w_w_Auschwitz_i_Ravensbruck,_1947.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Chorz%C3%B3w%2C_ul._Bo%C5%BCogrobc%C3%B3w_31%2C_Pomnik_-_gr%C3%B3b_zbiorowy_ofiar_oboz%C3%B3w_w_Auschwitz_i_Ravensbruck%2C_1947.JPG/220px-Chorz%C3%B3w%2C_ul._Bo%C5%BCogrobc%C3%B3w_31%2C_Pomnik_-_gr%C3%B3b_zbiorowy_ofiar_oboz%C3%B3w_w_Auschwitz_i_Ravensbruck%2C_1947.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Chorz%C3%B3w%2C_ul._Bo%C5%BCogrobc%C3%B3w_31%2C_Pomnik_-_gr%C3%B3b_zbiorowy_ofiar_oboz%C3%B3w_w_Auschwitz_i_Ravensbruck%2C_1947.JPG/330px-Chorz%C3%B3w%2C_ul._Bo%C5%BCogrobc%C3%B3w_31%2C_Pomnik_-_gr%C3%B3b_zbiorowy_ofiar_oboz%C3%B3w_w_Auschwitz_i_Ravensbruck%2C_1947.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Chorz%C3%B3w%2C_ul._Bo%C5%BCogrobc%C3%B3w_31%2C_Pomnik_-_gr%C3%B3b_zbiorowy_ofiar_oboz%C3%B3w_w_Auschwitz_i_Ravensbruck%2C_1947.JPG/440px-Chorz%C3%B3w%2C_ul._Bo%C5%BCogrobc%C3%B3w_31%2C_Pomnik_-_gr%C3%B3b_zbiorowy_ofiar_oboz%C3%B3w_w_Auschwitz_i_Ravensbruck%2C_1947.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a><figcaption>Memorial to local Poles murdered by the Germans in the <a href="/wiki/Ravensbr%C3%BCck_concentration_camp" title="Ravensbrück concentration camp">Ravensbrück concentration camp</a></figcaption></figure> <p>On the day of the outbreak of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> in September 1939, Chorzów <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Poland" title="Invasion of Poland">was taken</a> by <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a>. Polish irregulars, mainly Silesian uprising veterans and <a href="/wiki/Polish_Scouting_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish Scouting Association">scouts</a>, put up resistance to the regular German forces for three days, afterwards the city was <a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_Poland_(1939%E2%80%931945)" title="Occupation of Poland (1939–1945)">occupied</a> by Germany, and on September 6, 1939, the <i><a href="/wiki/Einsatzgruppen" title="Einsatzgruppen">Einsatzgruppe I</a></i> entered the city to commit various <a href="/wiki/Nazi_crimes_against_the_Polish_nation" class="mw-redirect" title="Nazi crimes against the Polish nation">atrocities against Poles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most of the Polish defenders were murdered in mass executions. An execution of three Poles was carried out by the German <i><a href="/wiki/Freikorps" title="Freikorps">Freikorps</a></i> already on September 3, 1939.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A unit of the <i>Einsatzgruppe I</i> was stationed in Chorzów, and it was responsible for many crimes against Poles committed in Chorzów and the nearby cities of <a href="/wiki/Czelad%C5%BA" title="Czeladź">Czeladź</a> and <a href="/wiki/Siemianowice_%C5%9Al%C4%85skie" title="Siemianowice Śląskie">Siemianowice Śląskie</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Polish property was confiscated, and Chorzów was promptly re-incorporated into German Silesia; the Upper Silesian industry being one of the pillars of the Nazi Germany <a href="/wiki/War_effort" title="War effort">war effort</a>. In 1939 and 1940, the Germans carried out mass arrests of Polish <a href="/wiki/Intelligentsia" title="Intelligentsia">intelligentsia</a>, especially teachers, for which a prison was operated in the city (see <i><a href="/wiki/Intelligenzaktion" title="Intelligenzaktion">Intelligenzaktion</a></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Local Polish teachers were among Poles murdered in 1939 in Chorzów and Strzybnica (present-day district of <a href="/wiki/Tarnowskie_G%C3%B3ry" title="Tarnowskie Góry">Tarnowskie Góry</a>), and later in the <a href="/wiki/Dachau_concentration_camp" title="Dachau concentration camp">Dachau concentration camp</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There were several <a href="/wiki/Forced_labour_under_German_rule_during_World_War_II" title="Forced labour under German rule during World War II">forced labour</a> camps in Chorzów, including one <i><a href="/wiki/Polenlager" title="Polenlager">Polenlager</a></i> solely for Poles,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> two camps solely for <a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the E246, E594 and E725 subcamps of the <a href="/wiki/Stalag_VIII-B" title="Stalag VIII-B">Stalag VIII-B/344</a> <a href="/wiki/German_prisoner-of-war_camps_in_World_War_II" title="German prisoner-of-war camps in World War II">prisoner-of-war camp</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and, in years 1944–1945, a <a href="/wiki/List_of_subcamps_of_Auschwitz" title="List of subcamps of Auschwitz">subcamp</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Auschwitz_concentration_camp" title="Auschwitz concentration camp">Auschwitz concentration camp</a>, in which approximately 200 Jews from German-occupied <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a> and <a href="/wiki/Czechoslovakia" title="Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a> were imprisoned.<sup id="cite_ref-mmab_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mmab-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In January 1945, the prisoners of the subcamp of Auschwitz were evacuated on foot to Gliwice, and then deported to the <a href="/wiki/Nordhausen-Dora" class="mw-redirect" title="Nordhausen-Dora">Nordhausen-Dora</a> concentration camp.<sup id="cite_ref-mmab_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mmab-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chorzów was occupied by the Soviet <a href="/wiki/Red_Army" title="Red Army">Red Army</a> in January 1945 with the subsequent persecution of many ethnic Polish Silesians and Germans.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="After_1945">After 1945</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chorz%C3%B3w&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: After 1945"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chorz%C3%B3w_in_1993,_street,_cottage,_streetcar_(SIK_03-036001).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Chorz%C3%B3w_in_1993%2C_street%2C_cottage%2C_streetcar_%28SIK_03-036001%29.jpg/220px-Chorz%C3%B3w_in_1993%2C_street%2C_cottage%2C_streetcar_%28SIK_03-036001%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Chorz%C3%B3w_in_1993%2C_street%2C_cottage%2C_streetcar_%28SIK_03-036001%29.jpg/330px-Chorz%C3%B3w_in_1993%2C_street%2C_cottage%2C_streetcar_%28SIK_03-036001%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Chorz%C3%B3w_in_1993%2C_street%2C_cottage%2C_streetcar_%28SIK_03-036001%29.jpg/440px-Chorz%C3%B3w_in_1993%2C_street%2C_cottage%2C_streetcar_%28SIK_03-036001%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1968" data-file-height="1786" /></a><figcaption>A Chorzów street in 1993, following the dissolution of communism.</figcaption></figure> <p>At the end of World War II, Chorzów was given to Poland. Generally, the Chorzów industry suffered little damage during World War II due to its inaccessibility to <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allied</a> <a href="/wiki/Strategic_bombing_during_World_War_II" title="Strategic bombing during World War II">bombing</a>, a Soviet Army <a href="/wiki/Pincer_movement" title="Pincer movement">enveloping manoeuvre</a> in January 1945,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and perhaps <a href="/wiki/Albert_Speer" title="Albert Speer">Albert Speer</a>'s slowness or refusal to implement the <a href="/wiki/Scorched_earth" title="Scorched earth">scorched earth</a> policy. This intact industry now played a critical role in the post-war reconstruction and industrialization of Poland. After the war, businesses were nationalized and operated, with minor changes, until 1989. Some were used as Soviet labour and concentration camps. Some industrial hardware and at least 100,000 Polish Silesians were deported to the Ukrainian Donbass region. At the <a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1989" title="Revolutions of 1989">"fall of communism"</a> in 1989, the area was in decline. Since 1989, the region has been transitioning from <a href="/wiki/Heavy_industry" title="Heavy industry">heavy industry</a> to a more diverse economy. </p><p>In 1954 as many as 103 miners have died in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=%22Barbara-Wyzwolenie%22_coal_mine_disaster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=""Barbara-Wyzwolenie" coal mine disaster (page does not exist)">"Barbara-Wyzwolenie" coal mine disaster</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katastrofa_g%C3%B3rnicza_w_kopalni_Barbara-Wyzwolenie" class="extiw" title="pl:Katastrofa górnicza w kopalni Barbara-Wyzwolenie">pl</a>]</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 28 January 2006, <a href="/wiki/Katowice_Trade_Hall_roof_collapse" title="Katowice Trade Hall roof collapse">a roof collapsed</a> at an <a href="/wiki/Exhibition_center" class="mw-redirect" title="Exhibition center">exhibition hall</a>, killing 65 people.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2007, Chorzów became a part of the Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union (predecessor to the <a href="/wiki/Metropolis_GZM" title="Metropolis GZM">Metropolis GZM</a>), a voluntary union of a continuous chain of cities aimed at increasing the poor visibility of the area, improving its competitiveness, and modernizing the infrastructure. </p><p>The region experienced several waves of migrations, including those commencing in 1945 (to Germany and from Poland and Ukraine), in 1971–1976 (to Germany), in 1982 (to <a href="/wiki/Western_world" title="Western world">Western countries</a>), and from 2003 (to other countries of the EU). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chorz%C3%B3w&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Location">Location</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chorz%C3%B3w&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Location"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GZM_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/GZM_location_map.svg/220px-GZM_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/GZM_location_map.svg/330px-GZM_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/GZM_location_map.svg/440px-GZM_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="378" /></a><figcaption>Chorzów within the <a href="/wiki/Metropolis_GZM" title="Metropolis GZM">Metropolis GZM</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Chorzów is in the middle of the largest <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">urban center</a> in Poland. The <a href="/wiki/Metropolis_GZM" title="Metropolis GZM">Metropolis GZM</a> is the largest legally recognized urban entity in Poland with a population of 2 million. </p><p>Nine million people live within 100 kilometres (62 miles) of <a href="/wiki/Stadion_%C5%9Al%C4%85ski,_Chorz%C3%B3w" class="mw-redirect" title="Stadion Śląski, Chorzów">Stadion Śląski</a> in Chorzów. 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Places_adjacent_to_Chorzów" style="width:auto; clear:none; display:table;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Places_adjacent_to_Chorzów" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Places adjacent to Chorzów</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table role="presentation" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center;"><tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bytom" title="Bytom">Bytom</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Piekary_%C5%9Al%C4%85skie" title="Piekary Śląskie">Piekary Śląskie</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="North"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/14px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/21px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/28px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Awi%C4%99toch%C5%82owice" title="Świętochłowice">Świętochłowice</a></td> <td style="width:33%;"> <div style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="West"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/17px-Pfeil_links.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/25px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/34px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span><b style="display:inline-block; vertical-align:middle; margin:0.75em 1em">Chorzów</b><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="East"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/17px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/25px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/34px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Siemianowice_%C5%9Al%C4%85skie" title="Siemianowice Śląskie">Siemianowice Śląskie</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="South"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/14px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/21px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/28px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ruda_%C5%9Al%C4%85ska" title="Ruda Śląska">Ruda Śląska</a></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Katowice" title="Katowice">Katowice</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chorz%C3%B3w&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The average annual temperature in Chorzów is 7.9 °C (46.2 °F). The annual precipitation is 723 mm (28 in). Weak West winds (less than 2 m/s) prevail. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chorz%C3%B3w&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Detailed data as of 31 December 2021:<sup id="cite_ref-population_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-population-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Description</th> <th colspan="2">All</th> <th colspan="2">Women</th> <th colspan="2">Men </th></tr> <tr> <td>Unit</td> <td>person</td> <td>percentage</td> <td>person</td> <td>percentage</td> <td>person</td> <td>percentage </td></tr> <tr> <td>Population</td> <td><b>105268</b></td> <td>100</td> <td>55516</td> <td>52.7%</td> <td>49752</td> <td>47.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Population density</td> <td colspan="2">3166.9</td> <td colspan="2">1670.1</td> <td colspan="2">1496.8 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chorz%C3%B3w&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chorz%C3%B3w_Urz%C4%85d_Miasta.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Chorz%C3%B3w_Urz%C4%85d_Miasta.jpg/220px-Chorz%C3%B3w_Urz%C4%85d_Miasta.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Chorz%C3%B3w_Urz%C4%85d_Miasta.jpg/330px-Chorz%C3%B3w_Urz%C4%85d_Miasta.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Chorz%C3%B3w_Urz%C4%85d_Miasta.jpg/440px-Chorz%C3%B3w_Urz%C4%85d_Miasta.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5081" data-file-height="4017" /></a><figcaption>Chorzów Town Hall</figcaption></figure> <p>Chorzów used to be one of the most important cities in the largest Polish economic area (the <a href="/wiki/Upper_Silesian_Industrial_Region" title="Upper Silesian Industrial Region">Upper Silesian Industry Area</a>) with extensive industry in coal mining, steel, chemistry, manufacturing, and energy sectors. Many heavy-industry establishments were closed or scaled down in the last two decades because of <a href="/wiki/List_of_environmental_issues" title="List of environmental issues">environmental issues</a> in the center of a highly urbanized area, and also because of decades-long lack of investment. Others were restructured and modernized. Wedged between a dozen of other cities, the population has been decreasing. The city character has been evolving towards the <a href="/wiki/Service_economy" title="Service economy">service economy</a> as new industrial development takes mostly place at the border of the industrial area. The Unemployment rate is high (12.6% on 2007-12-31) but decreasing;<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the workforce is generally highly technically skilled. </p><p>Major industrial establishments are: </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Huta_Batory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huta Batory (page does not exist)">Huta Batory</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huta_Batory" class="extiw" title="pl:Huta Batory">pl</a>]</span> – steel</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Huta_Ko%C5%9Bciuszko_SA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huta Kościuszko SA (page does not exist)">Huta Kościuszko SA</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huta_%E2%80%9EKo%C5%9Bciuszko%E2%80%9D" class="extiw" title="pl:Huta „Kościuszko”">pl</a>]</span> – steel</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w_Power_Station" title="Chorzów Power Station">Chorzów Power Station</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zak%C5%82ady_Chemiczne_Hajduki_SA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zakłady Chemiczne Hajduki SA (page does not exist)">Zakłady Chemiczne Hajduki SA</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zak%C5%82ady_Chemiczne_Hajduki" class="extiw" title="pl:Zakłady Chemiczne Hajduki">pl</a>]</span> – <a href="/wiki/Carbochemistry" title="Carbochemistry">carbochemistry</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zak%C5%82ady_Azotowe_SA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zakłady Azotowe SA (page does not exist)">Zakłady Azotowe SA</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zak%C5%82ady_Azotowe_w_Chorzowie" class="extiw" title="pl:Zakłady Azotowe w Chorzowie">pl</a>]</span> – <a href="/wiki/Nitrogen_fixation" title="Nitrogen fixation">nitrogen fixation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Methanol" title="Methanol">methanol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alstom" title="Alstom">Alstom</a>-Konstal – transport manufacturing and construction</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=KWK_Polska_Wirek,_rejon_Prezydent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="KWK Polska Wirek, rejon Prezydent (page does not exist)">KWK Polska Wirek, rejon Prezydent</a> – coal mine</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ProLogis" class="mw-redirect" title="ProLogis">ProLogis</a> – logistics</li> <li>Messer – technical gases</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chorz%C3%B3w&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mapa_Chorzowa.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Mapa_Chorzowa.svg/175px-Mapa_Chorzowa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="308" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Mapa_Chorzowa.svg/263px-Mapa_Chorzowa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Mapa_Chorzowa.svg/350px-Mapa_Chorzowa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="181" data-file-height="319" /></a><figcaption>Subdivisions of Chorzów</figcaption></figure> <p>Car: </p> <ul><li>Freeway <a href="/wiki/A4_autostrada_(Poland)" title="A4 autostrada (Poland)">A4</a>: <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_4" title="Bundesautobahn 4">from German Autobahn A4</a> at <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6rlitz" title="Görlitz">Görlitz</a>/<a href="/wiki/Zgorzelec" title="Zgorzelec">Zgorzelec</a> to <a href="/wiki/Wroc%C5%82aw" title="Wrocław">Wrocław</a>-<a href="/wiki/Gliwice" title="Gliwice">Gliwice</a>-<a href="/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w_Batory" title="Chorzów Batory">Chorzów (Batory)</a>-<a href="/wiki/Katowice" title="Katowice">Katowice</a>-<a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a> (and towards <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>)</li> <li>Express Route (<a href="/wiki/Drogowa_Trasa_%C5%9Arednicowa" title="Drogowa Trasa Średnicowa">DTŚ</a>): <a href="/wiki/Katowice" title="Katowice">Katowice</a>-Chorzów-<a href="/wiki/Ruda_%C5%9Al%C4%85ska" title="Ruda Śląska">Ruda Śląska</a>-<a href="/wiki/Zabrze" title="Zabrze">Zabrze</a></li> <li>National Route DK79: <a href="/wiki/Katowice" title="Katowice">Katowice</a>-Chorzów-<a href="/wiki/Bytom" title="Bytom">Bytom</a></li></ul> <p>Three railway stations on two major routes: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Katowice" title="Katowice">Katowice</a>-<a href="/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w_Batory" title="Chorzów Batory">Chorzów Batory</a>-<a href="/wiki/Gliwice" title="Gliwice">Gliwice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katowice" title="Katowice">Katowice</a>-<a href="/wiki/Chorz%C3%B3w_Batory" title="Chorzów Batory">Chorzów Batory</a>-Chorzów Miasto-Chorzów Stary-<a href="/wiki/Bytom" title="Bytom">Bytom</a></li></ul> <p>Air: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Katowice_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Katowice International Airport">Katowice International Airport</a></li></ul> <p>Public transport: </p> <ul><li>Chorzów is well connected within the <a href="/wiki/Katowice_urban_area" title="Katowice urban area">Katowice urban area</a> with Bus lines and tram lines. <a href="/wiki/Silesian_Interurbans" title="Silesian Interurbans">Silesian Interurbans</a> is one of the largest streetcar systems in the world, in existence since 1894. The system spreads for more than 50 km (31 mi) (east-west) and covers the following cities: <a href="/wiki/B%C4%99dzin" title="Będzin">Będzin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bytom" title="Bytom">Bytom</a>, Chorzów, <a href="/wiki/Czelad%C5%BA" title="Czeladź">Czeladź</a>, <a href="/wiki/D%C4%85browa_G%C3%B3rnicza" title="Dąbrowa Górnicza">Dąbrowa Górnicza</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gliwice" title="Gliwice">Gliwice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Katowice" title="Katowice">Katowice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mys%C5%82owice" title="Mysłowice">Mysłowice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ruda_%C5%9Al%C4%85ska" title="Ruda Śląska">Ruda Śląska</a>, <a href="/wiki/Siemianowice_%C5%9Al%C4%85skie" title="Siemianowice Śląskie">Siemianowice Śląskie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sosnowiec" title="Sosnowiec">Sosnowiec</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Awi%C4%99toch%C5%82owice" title="Świętochłowice">Świętochłowice</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Zabrze" title="Zabrze">Zabrze</a>. Part of the public transport system provided by <a href="/wiki/Metropolis_GZM" title="Metropolis GZM">Metropolis GZM</a> is <a href="/wiki/Metrorower" title="Metrorower">metropolitan bicycle system MetroBike</a>, operated by <a href="/wiki/Nextbike" title="Nextbike">Nextbike</a> which has 924 stations with over 7000 bicycles in Chorzów and in surrounding cities.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rides under 30 minutes costs PLN 1, less than 1 hour costs PLN 2.50 and each additional hour becomes more expensive.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Higher_education">Higher education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chorz%C3%B3w&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Higher education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Within the city limits of Chorzów: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Silesia" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Silesia">University of Silesia</a> (<i>Uniwersystet Śląski</i>), two faculties</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WSB_Merito_Universities" title="WSB Merito Universities">WSB Merito Universities</a> – WSB Merito University in Chorzów (<i>Wyższa Szkoła Bankowa</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Górnośląska Wyższa Szkoła Pedagogiczna (Upper-Silesian Teachers College)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%B3rno%C5%9Bl%C4%85ska_Wy%C5%BCsza_Szko%C5%82a_Przedsi%C4%99biorczo%C5%9Bci_im._Karola_Goduli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Górnośląska Wyższa Szkoła Przedsiębiorczości im. Karola Goduli (page does not exist)">Górnośląska Wyższa Szkoła Przedsiębiorczości im. Karola Goduli</a> (<a href="/wiki/Karl_Godulla" title="Karl Godulla">Karl Godulla</a> Upper-Silesian Higher Business School)</li> <li>Śląska Wyższa Szkoła Informatyki (Silesian Higher School of Information Technology)</li> <li>Numerous general and technical high schools</li></ul> <p>The nearby cities of <a href="/wiki/Katowice" title="Katowice">Katowice</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gliwice" title="Gliwice">Gliwice</a> are far larger academic centers than Chorzów. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sights">Sights</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chorz%C3%B3w&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Sights"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Architecture">Architecture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chorz%C3%B3w&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Architecture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>St Hedwig's Church</li> <li>St Barbara's Church</li> <li>Saint Mary Magdalene's Church</li> <li>Saint Mary's Church</li> <li>Saint Joseph's Church</li> <li>Main post office</li> <li>Municipal Savings Bank Building</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Industrial_heritage">Industrial heritage</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chorz%C3%B3w&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Industrial heritage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Museum of metallurgy in the former power station of the Royal Iron Works</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Headframe" title="Headframe">Headframe</a> of the closed <i>President</i> coal mine</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Silesian_Central_Park">Silesian Central Park</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chorz%C3%B3w&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Silesian Central Park"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The nationally known <a href="/wiki/Silesian_Culture_and_Recreation_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Silesian Culture and Recreation Park">Silesian Central Park</a> covers about 30% of the <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">city area</a> and features: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Silesian_Zoological_Garden" title="Silesian Zoological Garden">Silesian Zoological Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stadion_%C5%9Al%C4%85ski,_Chorz%C3%B3w" class="mw-redirect" title="Stadion Śląski, Chorzów">Stadion Śląski</a>, the largest sports stadium in Poland</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silesian_Planetarium" title="Silesian Planetarium">Planetarium and Astronomical Observatory</a></li> <li>A large rose-exhibition garden (7 hectares, 385 varieties of roses)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legendia" title="Legendia">Legendia Theme Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Silesian_Ethnographic_Park" title="Upper Silesian Ethnographic Park">Upper Silesian Ethnographic Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katowice_International_Fair" title="Katowice International Fair">International Exhibition Grounds</a></li> <li>A <a href="/wiki/Swimming_pool" title="Swimming pool">swimming-pool</a> complex</li> <li>A water sports center</li> <li>A <a href="/wiki/Tennis_court" title="Tennis court">tennis court</a> complex</li> <li>Green areas</li></ul> <p>Chorzów also features other notable nature areas, including: </p> <ul><li>nature-landscape protected area "<a href="/wiki/%C5%BBabie_Do%C5%82y" title="Żabie Doły">Żabie Doły</a>" (at the border with Bytom and <a href="/wiki/Piekary_%C5%9Al%C4%85skie" title="Piekary Śląskie">Piekary Śląskie</a>),</li> <li>nature-landscape protected area of "Uroczysko Buczyna" (at the border with Katowice and Ruda Śląska),</li> <li>aquatic complex "Amelung".</li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kosciol_sw_Jadwigi.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="St Hedwig's Church"><img alt="St Hedwig's Church" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Kosciol_sw_Jadwigi.JPG/270px-Kosciol_sw_Jadwigi.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Kosciol_sw_Jadwigi.JPG/405px-Kosciol_sw_Jadwigi.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Kosciol_sw_Jadwigi.JPG/540px-Kosciol_sw_Jadwigi.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">St Hedwig's Church</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 185.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 183.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chorz%C3%B3w_-_Ko%C5%9Bci%C3%B3%C5%82_%C5%9Aw._Barbary_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="St Barbara's Church"><img alt="St Barbara's Church" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Chorz%C3%B3w_-_Ko%C5%9Bci%C3%B3%C5%82_%C5%9Aw._Barbary_01.jpg/275px-Chorz%C3%B3w_-_Ko%C5%9Bci%C3%B3%C5%82_%C5%9Aw._Barbary_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="184" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Chorz%C3%B3w_-_Ko%C5%9Bci%C3%B3%C5%82_%C5%9Aw._Barbary_01.jpg/412px-Chorz%C3%B3w_-_Ko%C5%9Bci%C3%B3%C5%82_%C5%9Aw._Barbary_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Chorz%C3%B3w_-_Ko%C5%9Bci%C3%B3%C5%82_%C5%9Aw._Barbary_01.jpg/549px-Chorz%C3%B3w_-_Ko%C5%9Bci%C3%B3%C5%82_%C5%9Aw._Barbary_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3587" data-file-height="2353" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">St Barbara's Church</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 105.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 103.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chorz%C3%B3w,_ul._Bo%C5%BCogrobc%C3%B3w_31,_Ko%C5%9Bci%C3%B3%C5%82_%C5%9Bw._Marii_Magdaleny,_1889-1903.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Saint Mary Magdalene's Church"><img alt="Saint Mary Magdalene's Church" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Chorz%C3%B3w%2C_ul._Bo%C5%BCogrobc%C3%B3w_31%2C_Ko%C5%9Bci%C3%B3%C5%82_%C5%9Bw._Marii_Magdaleny%2C_1889-1903.jpg/155px-Chorz%C3%B3w%2C_ul._Bo%C5%BCogrobc%C3%B3w_31%2C_Ko%C5%9Bci%C3%B3%C5%82_%C5%9Bw._Marii_Magdaleny%2C_1889-1903.jpg" decoding="async" width="104" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Chorz%C3%B3w%2C_ul._Bo%C5%BCogrobc%C3%B3w_31%2C_Ko%C5%9Bci%C3%B3%C5%82_%C5%9Bw._Marii_Magdaleny%2C_1889-1903.jpg/233px-Chorz%C3%B3w%2C_ul._Bo%C5%BCogrobc%C3%B3w_31%2C_Ko%C5%9Bci%C3%B3%C5%82_%C5%9Bw._Marii_Magdaleny%2C_1889-1903.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Chorz%C3%B3w%2C_ul._Bo%C5%BCogrobc%C3%B3w_31%2C_Ko%C5%9Bci%C3%B3%C5%82_%C5%9Bw._Marii_Magdaleny%2C_1889-1903.jpg/310px-Chorz%C3%B3w%2C_ul._Bo%C5%BCogrobc%C3%B3w_31%2C_Ko%C5%9Bci%C3%B3%C5%82_%C5%9Bw._Marii_Magdaleny%2C_1889-1903.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2516" data-file-height="2917" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Saint Mary Magdalene's Church</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 82px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 80px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chorzow_Batory_kosciol_NMP_transept_i_wieza.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Saint Mary's Church"><img alt="Saint Mary's Church" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Chorzow_Batory_kosciol_NMP_transept_i_wieza.JPG/120px-Chorzow_Batory_kosciol_NMP_transept_i_wieza.JPG" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Chorzow_Batory_kosciol_NMP_transept_i_wieza.JPG/180px-Chorzow_Batory_kosciol_NMP_transept_i_wieza.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Chorzow_Batory_kosciol_NMP_transept_i_wieza.JPG/240px-Chorzow_Batory_kosciol_NMP_transept_i_wieza.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3888" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Saint Mary's Church</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 77.333333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 75.333333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Saint_Joseph_church_Chorzow.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Saint Joseph's Church"><img alt="Saint Joseph's Church" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Saint_Joseph_church_Chorzow.jpg/113px-Saint_Joseph_church_Chorzow.jpg" decoding="async" width="76" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Saint_Joseph_church_Chorzow.jpg/170px-Saint_Joseph_church_Chorzow.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Saint_Joseph_church_Chorzow.jpg/227px-Saint_Joseph_church_Chorzow.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2026" data-file-height="3210" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Saint Joseph's Church</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 123.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 121.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chorzow_poczta2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Main post office"><img alt="Main post office" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Chorzow_poczta2.jpg/182px-Chorzow_poczta2.jpg" decoding="async" width="122" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Chorzow_poczta2.jpg/273px-Chorzow_poczta2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Chorzow_poczta2.jpg/364px-Chorzow_poczta2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3184" data-file-height="3145" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Main post office</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 78px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 76px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DSC07127_chorzow_drapacz.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Municipal Savings Bank Building"><img alt="Municipal Savings Bank Building" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/DSC07127_chorzow_drapacz.jpg/114px-DSC07127_chorzow_drapacz.jpg" decoding="async" width="76" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/DSC07127_chorzow_drapacz.jpg/172px-DSC07127_chorzow_drapacz.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/DSC07127_chorzow_drapacz.jpg/229px-DSC07127_chorzow_drapacz.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2020" data-file-height="3171" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Municipal Savings Bank Building</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chorz%C3%B3w_Muzeum_Hutnictwa_exterior_2022_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Museum of metallurgy in the former power station of the Royal Iron Works"><img alt="Museum of metallurgy in the former power station of the Royal Iron Works" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Chorz%C3%B3w_Muzeum_Hutnictwa_exterior_2022_3.jpg/270px-Chorz%C3%B3w_Muzeum_Hutnictwa_exterior_2022_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Chorz%C3%B3w_Muzeum_Hutnictwa_exterior_2022_3.jpg/405px-Chorz%C3%B3w_Muzeum_Hutnictwa_exterior_2022_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Chorz%C3%B3w_Muzeum_Hutnictwa_exterior_2022_3.jpg/540px-Chorz%C3%B3w_Muzeum_Hutnictwa_exterior_2022_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2628" data-file-height="1752" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Museum of metallurgy in the former power station of the Royal Iron Works</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 92px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 90px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Presidnet_Headframe.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Headframe of the closed President coal mine"><img alt="Headframe of the closed President coal mine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Presidnet_Headframe.JPG/135px-Presidnet_Headframe.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Presidnet_Headframe.JPG/202px-Presidnet_Headframe.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Presidnet_Headframe.JPG/270px-Presidnet_Headframe.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Headframe" title="Headframe">Headframe</a> of the closed <i>President</i> coal mine</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 115.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 113.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%C5%BByrafa_Park_%C5%9Al%C4%85ski.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Giraffe, a sculpture at the Silesian Park"><img alt="The Giraffe, a sculpture at the Silesian Park" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/%C5%BByrafa_Park_%C5%9Al%C4%85ski.jpg/170px-%C5%BByrafa_Park_%C5%9Al%C4%85ski.jpg" decoding="async" width="114" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/%C5%BByrafa_Park_%C5%9Al%C4%85ski.jpg/255px-%C5%BByrafa_Park_%C5%9Al%C4%85ski.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/%C5%BByrafa_Park_%C5%9Al%C4%85ski.jpg/340px-%C5%BByrafa_Park_%C5%9Al%C4%85ski.jpg 2x" data-file-width="851" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>The Giraffe</i>, a sculpture at the Silesian Park</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chorz%C3%B3w&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stadion_Slaski_2018_P01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Stadion_Slaski_2018_P01.jpg/270px-Stadion_Slaski_2018_P01.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Stadion_Slaski_2018_P01.jpg/405px-Stadion_Slaski_2018_P01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Stadion_Slaski_2018_P01.jpg/540px-Stadion_Slaski_2018_P01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Stadion_%C5%9Al%C4%85ski,_Chorz%C3%B3w" class="mw-redirect" title="Stadion Śląski, Chorzów">Stadion Śląski</a>, the <a href="/wiki/List_of_football_stadiums_in_Poland" title="List of football stadiums in Poland">second biggest stadium in Poland</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Clubs: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ruch_Chorz%C3%B3w" title="Ruch Chorzów">Ruch Chorzów</a> – a men's <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a> team (14 time national champion, 3-time winner of the <a href="/wiki/Polish_Cup" title="Polish Cup">Polish Cup</a>), and female <a href="/wiki/Team_handball" class="mw-redirect" title="Team handball">handball</a> team (9 time national champion).</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alba_Echo_Chorz%C3%B3w&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alba Echo Chorzów (page does not exist)">Alba Echo Chorzów</a> – men's <a href="/wiki/Basketball" title="Basketball">basketball</a> team (2nd division)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SCS_Sok%C3%B3%C5%82_Chorz%C3%B3w&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SCS Sokół Chorzów (page does not exist)">SCS Sokół Chorzów</a> – women's <a href="/wiki/Volleyball" title="Volleyball">volleyball</a> team (B division, 6th place in 2003/2004)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clearex_Chorz%C3%B3w&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clearex Chorzów (page does not exist)">Clearex Chorzów</a> – 5-player <a href="/wiki/Football_team" title="Football team">football team</a> (Polish Cup winner, 1st division, 2nd in 2003/2004)</li></ul> <p>Historically notable is the former club <a href="/wiki/AKS_Chorz%C3%B3w" title="AKS Chorzów">AKS Chorzów</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Stadion_%C5%9Al%C4%85ski,_Chorz%C3%B3w" class="mw-redirect" title="Stadion Śląski, Chorzów">Stadion Śląski</a> is a former home stadium for the <a href="/wiki/Poland_national_football_team" title="Poland national football team">Poland national football team</a>, and used for international football games and other events (for example, it has held the <a href="/wiki/Speedway_World_Championship" title="Speedway World Championship">Speedway World Championships</a> four times, with the <a href="/wiki/1973_Individual_Speedway_World_Championship" title="1973 Individual Speedway World Championship">1973 World Final</a> attracting over 120,000 spectators, the world record attendance for <a href="/wiki/Motorcycle_speedway" title="Motorcycle speedway">Motorcycle speedway</a>). From year 2009 have held there track and field competitions. <a href="/wiki/Kamila_Skolimowska_Memorial" title="Kamila Skolimowska Memorial">Kamila Skolimowska Memorial</a>, which was part of the inaugural meeting <a href="/wiki/World_Athletics_Continental_Tour" title="World Athletics Continental Tour">World Athletics Continental Tour</a> in 2020 and <a href="/wiki/Diamond_League" title="Diamond League">Diamond League</a> series since 2022. At the 2024 edition of the meeting, two world records were set, one by <a href="/wiki/Jakob_Ingebrigtsen" title="Jakob Ingebrigtsen">Jakob Ingebrigtsen</a> (3000m 7.17,55) and the other by <a href="/wiki/Armand_Duplantis" title="Armand Duplantis">Armand Duplantis</a> (pole vault 6.26, just 20 days after last set up in <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Games" title="Olympic Games">Olympic Games</a>). The stadium also hosts large music concerts. Throughout its history it has featured such artists and groups as <a href="/wiki/The_Rolling_Stones" title="The Rolling Stones">The Rolling Stones</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metallica" title="Metallica">Metallica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guns_N%27_Roses" title="Guns N' Roses">Guns N' Roses</a>, <a href="/wiki/AC/DC" title="AC/DC">AC/DC</a>, <a href="/wiki/U2" title="U2">U2</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iron_Maiden" title="Iron Maiden">Iron Maiden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Linkin_Park" title="Linkin Park">Linkin Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pearl_Jam" title="Pearl Jam">Pearl Jam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Red_Hot_Chili_Peppers" title="Red Hot Chili Peppers">Red Hot Chili Peppers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Genesis_(band)" title="Genesis (band)">Genesis</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Police_(band)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Police (band)">The Police</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chorz%C3%B3w&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pomnik_Gerarda_Cie%C5%9Blika.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Pomnik_Gerarda_Cie%C5%9Blika.jpg/190px-Pomnik_Gerarda_Cie%C5%9Blika.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Pomnik_Gerarda_Cie%C5%9Blika.jpg/285px-Pomnik_Gerarda_Cie%C5%9Blika.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Pomnik_Gerarda_Cie%C5%9Blika.jpg/380px-Pomnik_Gerarda_Cie%C5%9Blika.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3056" data-file-height="4592" /></a><figcaption>Statue of footballer <a href="/wiki/Gerard_Cie%C5%9Blik" title="Gerard Cieślik">Gerard Cieślik</a> in Chorzów</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Born_in_Chorzów"><span id="Born_in_Chorz.C3.B3w"></span>Born in Chorzów</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chorz%C3%B3w&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Born in Chorzów"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Alder" title="Kurt Alder">Kurt Alder</a> (1902–1958), German chemist, Nobel Prize in chemistry</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Appel" title="Reinhard Appel">Reinhard Appel</a> (1927–2011), German journalist and television presenter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerard_Cie%C5%9Blik" title="Gerard Cieślik">Gerard Cieślik</a> (1927–2013), Polish footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcin_Dylla" title="Marcin Dylla">Marcin Dylla</a> (born 1976), Polish classical guitarist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakub_Dzi%C3%B3%C5%82ka" title="Jakub Dziółka">Jakub Dziółka</a> (born 1980), Polish former footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_Froehlich" title="August Froehlich">August Froehlich</a> (1891–1942), German Roman Catholic priest, member of the resistance against Nazism and martyr</li> <li>Karolina Gluck, Polish victim of the <a href="/wiki/7_July_2005_London_bombings" title="7 July 2005 London bombings">7/7</a> Bombing in London on 7 July 2005 (killed on the Number 30 bus at <a href="/wiki/Tavistock_Square" title="Tavistock Square">Tavistock Square</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Golla" title="George Golla">George Golla</a> (born 1935), Australian jazz musician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monika_Hojnisz" class="mw-redirect" title="Monika Hojnisz">Monika Hojnisz</a> (born 1991), biathlete</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Szymon_Kapias" title="Szymon Kapias">Szymon Kapias</a> (born 1984), Polish footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnieszka_Kruk%C3%B3wna" title="Agnieszka Krukówna">Agnieszka Krukówna</a> (born 1971), actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marek_Kubisz" title="Marek Kubisz">Marek Kubisz</a> (born 1974), Polish footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olgierd_%C5%81ukaszewicz" title="Olgierd Łukaszewicz">Olgierd Łukaszewicz</a> (born 1946), Polish actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janusz_Michallik" title="Janusz Michallik">Janusz Michallik</a> (born 1966), former <a href="/wiki/United_States_men%27s_national_soccer_team" title="United States men's national soccer team">American</a> national team soccer player, currently a commentator for <a href="/wiki/ESPN" title="ESPN">ESPN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Mixa" title="Walter Mixa">Walter Mixa</a> (born 1941), <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_Augsburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop of Augsburg">Bishop of Augsburg</a> and military Bishop of the <a href="/wiki/Bundeswehr" title="Bundeswehr">Bundeswehr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helga_Molander" title="Helga Molander">Helga Molander</a> (1896–1986), German actress, and mother of <a href="/wiki/Hans_Eysenck" title="Hans Eysenck">Hans Eysenck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Mross" title="Paul Mross">Paul Mross</a> or Paweł Mróz (1910–1991), Polish and German chess player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Pi%C4%85tek" title="Leonard Piątek">Leonard Piątek</a> (1913–1967), Polish soccer star of the interbellum period</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoni_Piechniczek" title="Antoni Piechniczek">Antoni Piechniczek</a> (born 1942), Polish soccer coach (lead twice the national team at <a href="/wiki/FIFA_World_Cup" title="FIFA World Cup">World Cup</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladislaus_Pilars_de_Pilar" title="Ladislaus Pilars de Pilar">Ladislaus Pilars de Pilar</a> (1874–1952), <a href="/wiki/List_of_Polish_language_poets" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Polish language poets">Polish poet</a> and entrepreneur</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryszard_Riedel" title="Ryszard Riedel">Ryszard Riedel</a> (1956–1994), <a href="/wiki/Blues_rock" title="Blues rock">blues rock</a> vocalist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnther_Rittau" title="Günther Rittau">Günther Rittau</a> (1893–1971), German cameraman and film director</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oskar_Seidlin" title="Oskar Seidlin">Oskar Seidlin</a> (1911–1984), American scholar</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tino_Schwierzina" title="Tino Schwierzina">Tino Schwierzina</a> (1927–2003), last mayor of <a href="/wiki/East_Berlin" title="East Berlin">East Berlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanna_Schygulla" title="Hanna Schygulla">Hanna Schygulla</a> (born 1943), German actress and chanson singer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephan_Stompor" title="Stephan Stompor">Stephan Stompor</a> (1931–1995), musicologist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Taubitz" title="Adam Taubitz">Adam Taubitz</a> (born 1967), German jazz and classic musician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Waxman" title="Franz Waxman">Franz Waxman</a> (1906–1967), American composer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Wei%C3%9Fler" title="Friedrich Weißler">Friedrich Weißler</a> (1891–1937), lawyer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerard_Wodarz" title="Gerard Wodarz">Gerard Wodarz</a> (1913–1982), Polish soccer star of the interbellum period</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Associated_with_Chorzów"><span id="Associated_with_Chorz.C3.B3w"></span>Associated with Chorzów</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chorz%C3%B3w&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Associated with Chorzów"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Wilhelm_von_Reden" title="Friedrich Wilhelm von Reden">Friedrich Wilhelm von Reden</a> (1752–1815), German pioneer in mining</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Baildon" title="John Baildon">John Baildon</a> (1772–1846), Scottish pioneer in metallurgy</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolph_Menzel" title="Adolph Menzel">Adolph Menzel</a> (1815–1905), German artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignacy_Mo%C5%9Bcicki" title="Ignacy Mościcki">Ignacy Mościcki</a> (1867–1946), Polish chemist and then <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_of_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the Republic of Poland">President of Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Haber" title="Fritz Haber">Fritz Haber</a> (1868–1934), German chemist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugeniusz_Kwiatkowski" title="Eugeniusz Kwiatkowski">Eugeniusz Kwiatkowski</a> (1888–1974), eminent Polish economist and politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Wickham" title="Joe Wickham">Joe Wickham</a> (1890–1968), Irish sportsperson</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Willimowski" class="mw-redirect" title="Ernst Willimowski">Ernest Wilimowski</a> (1916–1997), Silesian soccer star</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerzy_Buzek" title="Jerzy Buzek">Jerzy Buzek</a> (born 1940), Prime minister of Poland, former <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Parliament" title="President of the European Parliament">President of the European Parliament</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"><span id="Twin_towns_.E2.80.93_sister_cities"></span>Twin towns – sister cities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chorz%C3%B3w&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Twin towns – sister cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Poland" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Poland">List of twin towns and sister cities in Poland</a></div> <p>Chorzów is <a href="/wiki/Sister_city" title="Sister city">twinned</a> with:<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 15em;"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Creil" title="Creil">Creil</a>, France</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Iserlohn" title="Iserlohn">Iserlohn</a>, Germany</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%C3%93zd" title="Ózd">Ózd</a>, Hungary</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Termoli" title="Termoli">Termoli</a>, Italy</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine"><img alt="Ukraine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ternopil" title="Ternopil">Ternopil</a>, Ukraine</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><img alt="Czech Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Zl%C3%ADn" title="Zlín">Zlín</a>, Czech Republic</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chorz%C3%B3w&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-population-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-population_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-population_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bdl.stat.gov.pl/bdl/dane/teryt/jednostka">"Local Data Bank"</a>. Statistics Poland<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Local+Data+Bank&rft.pub=Statistics+Poland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbdl.stat.gov.pl%2Fbdl%2Fdane%2Fteryt%2Fjednostka&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChorz%C3%B3w" class="Z3988"></span> Data for territorial unit 2463011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/European_Spatial_Planning_Observation_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="European Spatial Planning Observation Network">European Spatial Planning Observation Network</a> (ESPON).<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/261/420/index_EN.html">Espon.eu</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090728052348/http://www.espon.eu/mmp/online/website/content/projects/261/420/index_EN.html">Archived</a> 28 July 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jacek Kurek "Historia Wielkich Hajduk", Związek Górnośląski Koło, Wielkie Hajduki, Chorzów, 2001</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZalega2024" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Zalega, Dariusz (2024). <i>Chachary. Ludowa historia Górnego Śląska</i> (in Polish). Warszawa. pp. 113–114.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chachary.+Ludowa+historia+G%C3%B3rnego+%C5%9Al%C4%85ska&rft.place=Warszawa&rft.pages=113-114&rft.date=2024&rft.aulast=Zalega&rft.aufirst=Dariusz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChorz%C3%B3w" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.herder-institut.de/startseite/dokumente-und-materialien/moduluebersicht/zweite-polnische-republik/materialien.html?tx_himmat_pi1%5BshowUid%5D=169&cHash=64c5894541f8d9b304ebee841028f938">Herder Institut</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged November 2019">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup> <span class="languageicon">(in German)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"The Seventh Year of the Permanent Court of International Justice", Manley O. Hudson, The American Journal of <a href="/wiki/International_law" title="International law">International law</a>, Vol. 23, No. 1 (Jan. 1929), pp. 1–29, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2190232">10.2307/2190232</a>, <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2190232">2190232</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWardzyńska2009" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Wardzyńska, Maria (2009). <i>Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion</i> (in Polish). Warszawa: <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_National_Remembrance" title="Institute of National Remembrance">IPN</a>. p. 58.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=By%C5%82+rok+1939.+Operacja+niemieckiej+policji+bezpiecze%C5%84stwa+w+Polsce.+Intelligenzaktion&rft.place=Warszawa&rft.pages=58&rft.pub=IPN&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Wardzy%C5%84ska&rft.aufirst=Maria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChorz%C3%B3w" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wardzyńska, p. 277</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWarzecha2003" class="citation magazine cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Warzecha, Bartłomiej (2003). "Niemieckie zbrodnie na powstańcach śląskich w 1939 roku". <i>Biuletyn Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej</i> (in Polish). No. 12–1 (35–36). IPN. p. 56. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1641-9561">1641-9561</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biuletyn+Instytutu+Pami%C4%99ci+Narodowej&rft.atitle=Niemieckie+zbrodnie+na+powsta%C5%84cach+%C5%9Bl%C4%85skich+w+1939+roku&rft.issue=12%E2%80%931+%2835%E2%80%9336%29&rft.pages=56&rft.date=2003&rft.issn=1641-9561&rft.aulast=Warzecha&rft.aufirst=Bart%C5%82omiej&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChorz%C3%B3w" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wardzyńska, p. 139</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wardzyńska, p. 135-136, 139</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bundesarchiv.de/zwangsarbeit/haftstaetten/index.php?action=2.2&tab=7&id=972">"Polenlager Königshütte"</a>. <i>Bundesarchiv.de</i> (in German)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bundesarchiv.de&rft.atitle=Polenlager+K%C3%B6nigsh%C3%BCtte&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bundesarchiv.de%2Fzwangsarbeit%2Fhaftstaetten%2Findex.php%3Faction%3D2.2%26tab%3D7%26id%3D972&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChorz%C3%B3w" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bundesarchiv.de/zwangsarbeit/haftstaetten/index.php?action=2.2&tab=7&id=2288">"Zwangsarbeitslager für Juden Königshütte"</a>. <i>Bundesarchiv.de</i> (in German)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bundesarchiv.de&rft.atitle=Zwangsarbeitslager+f%C3%BCr+Juden+K%C3%B6nigsh%C3%BCtte&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bundesarchiv.de%2Fzwangsarbeit%2Fhaftstaetten%2Findex.php%3Faction%3D2.2%26tab%3D7%26id%3D2288&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChorz%C3%B3w" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bundesarchiv.de/zwangsarbeit/haftstaetten/index.php?action=2.2&tab=7&id=462">"Zwangsarbeitslager für Juden Königshütte-Bismarckhütte"</a>. <i>Bundesarchiv.de</i> (in German)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bundesarchiv.de&rft.atitle=Zwangsarbeitslager+f%C3%BCr+Juden+K%C3%B6nigsh%C3%BCtte-Bismarckh%C3%BCtte&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bundesarchiv.de%2Fzwangsarbeit%2Fhaftstaetten%2Findex.php%3Faction%3D2.2%26tab%3D7%26id%3D462&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChorz%C3%B3w" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201029103834/https://www.lamsdorf.com/working-parties.html">"Working Parties"</a>. <i>Lamsdorf.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lamsdorf.com/working-parties.html">the original</a> on 29 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Lamsdorf.com&rft.atitle=Working+Parties&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lamsdorf.com%2Fworking-parties.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChorz%C3%B3w" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mmab-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mmab_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mmab_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://auschwitz.org/en/history/auschwitz-sub-camps/bismarckhtte/">"Bismarckhütte"</a>. <i>Memorial and Museum Auschwitz-Birkenau</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Memorial+and+Museum+Auschwitz-Birkenau&rft.atitle=Bismarckh%C3%BCtte&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fauschwitz.org%2Fen%2Fhistory%2Fauschwitz-sub-camps%2Fbismarckhtte%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChorz%C3%B3w" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"The Dynamics of the Policies of <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_cleansing" title="Ethnic cleansing">Ethnic cleansing</a> in Silesia in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries" by Tomasz Kamusella, Chapter 8, <a href="/wiki/Open_Society_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Open Society Institute">Open Society Institute</a>, Center for Publishing Development, Budapest, Hungary, 1999, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rss.archives.ceu.hu/archive/00001016/01/17.pdf">RSS.archives.ceu.hu</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170224234905/http://rss.archives.ceu.hu/archive/00001016/01/17.pdf">Archived</a> 24 February 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Max Hastings, "Armageddon. The Battle for Germany 1944–1945", <a href="/wiki/Alfred_A._Knopf" title="Alfred A. Knopf">Alfred A. Knopf</a>, New York, 2004, page 248</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://katowice.wyborcza.pl/katowice/7,35055,1989076.html">"50-lecie tragedii w kopalni Barbara-Wyzwolenie w Chorzowie"</a>. <i>katowice.wyborcza.pl</i>. 26 March 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=katowice.wyborcza.pl&rft.atitle=50-lecie+tragedii+w+kopalni+Barbara-Wyzwolenie+w+Chorzowie&rft.date=2004-03-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkatowice.wyborcza.pl%2Fkatowice%2F7%2C35055%2C1989076.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChorz%C3%B3w" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTeresa_Semik2016" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Teresa Semik (17 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plus.dziennikzachodni.pl/10-lat-wiezienia-wyrok-ws-katastrofy-hali-mtk-sadny-dzien-dla-oskarzonych-za-smierc-65-osob/ar/10117068">"10 lat więzienia: Wyrok ws. katastrofy hali MTK. Sądny dzień dla oskarżonych za śmierć 65 osób"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dziennik_Zachodni" title="Dziennik Zachodni">Dziennik Zachodni</a></i> (in Polish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dziennik+Zachodni&rft.atitle=10+lat+wi%C4%99zienia%3A+Wyrok+ws.+katastrofy+hali+MTK.+S%C4%85dny+dzie%C5%84+dla+oskar%C5%BConych+za+%C5%9Bmier%C4%87+65+os%C3%B3b&rft.date=2016-06-17&rft.au=Teresa+Semik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplus.dziennikzachodni.pl%2F10-lat-wiezienia-wyrok-ws-katastrofy-hali-mtk-sadny-dzien-dla-oskarzonych-za-smierc-65-osob%2Far%2F10117068&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChorz%C3%B3w" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Official regional statistics, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wup-katowice.pl/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=119&Itemid=37&WUPSID=a253649ede1bf9901bced0cc69e9df6a">Wup.katowice.pl</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070928092743/http://www.wup-katowice.pl/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=119&Itemid=37&WUPSID=a253649ede1bf9901bced0cc69e9df6a">Archived</a> 28 September 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Retrieved 18 March 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:12-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:12_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metropoliaztm.pl/en/s/metrorower-wystartowal-najwiekszy-w-polsce-i-trzeci-w-europie-system-wypozyczalni-miejskich-rowerow-juz-dostepny">"The Metrobicycle has started. The system of city bicycles rental stations, the biggest in Poland, and the third in Europe, is already available · ZTM"</a>. <i>www.metropoliaztm.pl</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.metropoliaztm.pl&rft.atitle=The+Metrobicycle+has+started.+The+system+of+city+bicycles+rental+stations%2C+the+biggest+in+Poland%2C+and+the+third+in+Europe%2C+is+already+available+%C2%B7+ZTM&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.metropoliaztm.pl%2Fen%2Fs%2Fmetrorower-wystartowal-najwiekszy-w-polsce-i-trzeci-w-europie-system-wypozyczalni-miejskich-rowerow-juz-dostepny&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChorz%C3%B3w" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://metrorower.transportgzm.pl/en/cennik/">"Pricelist"</a>. <i>Rower Metropolitalny</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rower+Metropolitalny&rft.atitle=Pricelist&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmetrorower.transportgzm.pl%2Fen%2Fcennik%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChorz%C3%B3w" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsb.pl/english/about-wsb-group/wsb-chorzow">WSB University in Chorzów</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160301121347/http://www.wsb.pl/english/about-wsb-group/wsb-chorzow">Archived</a> 1 March 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – WSB Universities</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180819150047/https://www.terazmuzyka.pl/teksty/czytaj/stadion-slaski-wraca-na-muzyczna-mape-polski-wspominamy-najwazniejsze-koncerty.html">"Stadion Ślaski wraca na muzyczną mapę Polski. Wspominamy najważniejsze koncerty"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.terazmuzyka.pl/teksty/czytaj/stadion-slaski-wraca-na-muzyczna-mape-polski-wspominamy-najwazniejsze-koncerty.html">the original</a> on 19 August 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 August</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Stadion+%C5%9Alaski+wraca+na+muzyczn%C4%85+map%C4%99+Polski.+Wspominamy+najwa%C5%BCniejsze+koncerty&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.terazmuzyka.pl%2Fteksty%2Fczytaj%2Fstadion-slaski-wraca-na-muzyczna-mape-polski-wspominamy-najwazniejsze-koncerty.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChorz%C3%B3w" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mieszkancy.chorzow.eu/article/miasta-partnerskie">"Miasta partnerskie"</a>. <i>mieszkancy.chorzow.eu</i> (in Polish). Chorzów<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mieszkancy.chorzow.eu&rft.atitle=Miasta+partnerskie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmieszkancy.chorzow.eu%2Farticle%2Fmiasta-partnerskie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChorz%C3%B3w" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chorz%C3%B3w&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>J. Janas, <i>Historia Kopalni Król w Chorzowie 1871–1945</i>, Katowice 1962</li> <li>A. Stasiak, <i> Miasto Królewska Huta. Zarys rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego i przestrzennego w latach 1869–1914</i>, Warszawa 1962</li> <li>J. Surowiński, <i>75 lat Zakładów Koksochemicznych Hajduki 1888–1963</i>, Warszawa 1963</li> <li>L. Pakuła, <i>Chorzów</i>, [in:] <i>Encyklopedia Historii Gospodarczej Polski do 1945</i>, Warszawa 1981</li> <li><i>Chorzów</i>, [in:] J.Bochiński, J.Zawadzki, <i>Polska. Nowy podział terytorialny, przewodnik encyklopedyczny</i>, Warszawa 1999</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chorz%C3%B3w&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">1911 <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i></a> article "<span style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/K%C3%B6nigsh%C3%BCtte" class="extiw" title="wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Königshütte">Königshütte</a></span>".</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080304165833/http://www.galeria.chorzow.slask.pl/">Gallery of historical and contemporary photos</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120225151321/http://forum.chorzow.slask.pl/">Chorzow-Silesia web forum</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150423073158/http://www.sztetl.org.pl/en/city/chorzow/">Jewish Community in Chorzów</a> on Virtual Shtetl</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071006203114/http://www.chorzowart.com/">Chorzów City Forum "ChorzowART"</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121026092730/http://www.chorzow.um.gov.pl/">Chorzów City official site</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Articles_related_to_Chorzów" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Articles_related_to_Chorzów" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Articles related to Chorzów</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link 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template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Silesian_Voivodeship" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Silesian Voivodeship"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Counties_of_Silesian_Voivodeship" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Powiat" title="Powiat">Counties</a> of <a href="/wiki/Silesian_Voivodeship" title="Silesian Voivodeship">Silesian Voivodeship</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">City counties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Katowice" title="Katowice">Katowice</a> (capital)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bielsko-Bia%C5%82a" title="Bielsko-Biała">Bielsko-Biała</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bytom" title="Bytom">Bytom</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chorzów</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cz%C4%99stochowa" title="Częstochowa">Częstochowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C4%85browa_G%C3%B3rnicza" title="Dąbrowa Górnicza">Dąbrowa Górnicza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gliwice" title="Gliwice">Gliwice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jastrz%C4%99bie-Zdr%C3%B3j" title="Jastrzębie-Zdrój">Jastrzębie-Zdrój</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaworzno" title="Jaworzno">Jaworzno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mys%C5%82owice" title="Mysłowice">Mysłowice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piekary_%C5%9Al%C4%85skie" title="Piekary Śląskie">Piekary Śląskie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruda_%C5%9Al%C4%85ska" title="Ruda Śląska">Ruda Śląska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rybnik" title="Rybnik">Rybnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siemianowice_%C5%9Al%C4%85skie" title="Siemianowice Śląskie">Siemianowice Śląskie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sosnowiec" title="Sosnowiec">Sosnowiec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Awi%C4%99toch%C5%82owice" title="Świętochłowice">Świętochłowice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tychy" title="Tychy">Tychy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zabrze" title="Zabrze">Zabrze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BBory" title="Żory">Żory</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_COA.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Silesian Voivodeship"><img alt="Coat of arms of Silesian Voivodeship" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_COA.svg/50px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_COA.svg/75px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_COA.svg/100px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="816" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Land counties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B%C4%99dzin_County" title="Będzin County">Będzin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bielsko_County" title="Bielsko County">Bielsko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bieru%C5%84-L%C4%99dziny_County" title="Bieruń-Lędziny County">Bieruń-Lędziny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cieszyn_County" title="Cieszyn County">Cieszyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cz%C4%99stochowa_County" title="Częstochowa County">Częstochowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gliwice_County" title="Gliwice County">Gliwice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%82obuck_County" title="Kłobuck County">Kłobuck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubliniec_County" title="Lubliniec County">Lubliniec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miko%C5%82%C3%B3w_County" title="Mikołów County">Mikołów</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myszk%C3%B3w_County" title="Myszków County">Myszków</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pszczyna_County" title="Pszczyna County">Pszczyna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racib%C3%B3rz_County" title="Racibórz County">Racibórz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rybnik_County" title="Rybnik County">Rybnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarnowskie_G%C3%B3ry_County" title="Tarnowskie Góry County">Tarnowskie Góry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wodzis%C5%82aw_County" title="Wodzisław County">Wodzisław</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zawiercie_County" title="Zawiercie County">Zawiercie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BBywiec_County" title="Żywiec County">Żywiec</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Counties_of_Silesian_Voivodeship_(1920–1939)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Silesian_Voivodeship_(1920%E2%80%931939)" title="Template:Silesian Voivodeship (1920–1939)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Silesian_Voivodeship_(1920%E2%80%931939)" title="Template talk:Silesian Voivodeship (1920–1939)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Silesian_Voivodeship_(1920%E2%80%931939)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Silesian Voivodeship (1920–1939)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Counties_of_Silesian_Voivodeship_(1920–1939)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Powiat" title="Powiat">Counties</a> of <a href="/wiki/Silesian_Voivodeship_(1920%E2%80%931939)" title="Silesian Voivodeship (1920–1939)">Silesian Voivodeship (1920–1939)</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">City counties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Katowice" title="Katowice">Katowice</a> (capital)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bielsko" title="Bielsko">Bielsko</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chorzów</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_II_RP_COA.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Silesian Voivodeship"><img alt="Coat of arms of Silesian Voivodeship" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_II_RP_COA.svg/50px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_II_RP_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_II_RP_COA.svg/75px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_II_RP_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_II_RP_COA.svg/100px-POL_wojew%C3%B3dztwo_%C5%9Bl%C4%85skie_II_RP_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="833" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Land counties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katowice_County&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katowice County (page does not exist)">Katowice County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rybnik_County" title="Rybnik County">Rybnik County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cieszyn_County" title="Cieszyn County">Cieszyn County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cieszyn_West_County" title="Cieszyn West County">Cieszyn West County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pszczyna_County" title="Pszczyna County">Pszczyna County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frysztat_County" title="Frysztat County">Frysztat County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarnowskie_G%C3%B3ry_County" title="Tarnowskie Góry County">Tarnowskie Góry County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bielsko_County" title="Bielsko County">Bielsko County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubliniec_County" title="Lubliniec County">Lubliniec County</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cities_of_Poland" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cities_of_Poland" title="Template:Cities of Poland"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cities_of_Poland" title="Template talk:Cities of Poland"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cities_of_Poland" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cities of Poland"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cities_of_Poland" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Poland#Cities" title="List of cities and towns in Poland">Cities of Poland</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1,000,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a></b></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">750,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a></b></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">500,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Wroc%C5%82aw" title="Wrocław">Wrocław</a></b></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA" title="Łódź">Łódź</a></b></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Pozna%C5%84" title="Poznań">Poznań</a></b></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">250,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Gda%C5%84sk" title="Gdańsk">Gdańsk</a></b></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Szczecin" title="Szczecin">Szczecin</a></b></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Bydgoszcz" title="Bydgoszcz">Bydgoszcz</a></b></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Lublin" title="Lublin">Lublin</a></b></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Bia%C5%82ystok" title="Białystok">Białystok</a></b></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Katowice" title="Katowice">Katowice</a></b></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">100,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Gdynia" title="Gdynia">Gdynia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cz%C4%99stochowa" title="Częstochowa">Częstochowa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Radom" title="Radom">Radom</a></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Rzesz%C3%B3w" title="Rzeszów">Rzeszów</a></b></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Toru%C5%84" title="Toruń">Toruń</a></b></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sosnowiec" title="Sosnowiec">Sosnowiec</a></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kielce" title="Kielce">Kielce</a></b></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gliwice" title="Gliwice">Gliwice</a></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Olsztyn" title="Olsztyn">Olsztyn</a></b></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zabrze" title="Zabrze">Zabrze</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bielsko-Bia%C5%82a" title="Bielsko-Biała">Bielsko-Biała</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bytom" title="Bytom">Bytom</a></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Zielona_G%C3%B3ra" title="Zielona Góra">Zielona Góra</a></b></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rybnik" title="Rybnik">Rybnik</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ruda_%C5%9Al%C4%85ska" title="Ruda Śląska">Ruda Śląska</a></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Opole" title="Opole">Opole</a></b></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tychy" title="Tychy">Tychy</a></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Gorz%C3%B3w_Wielkopolski" title="Gorzów Wielkopolski">Gorzów Wielkopolski</a></b></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Elbl%C4%85g" title="Elbląg">Elbląg</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/D%C4%85browa_G%C3%B3rnicza" title="Dąbrowa Górnicza">Dąbrowa Górnicza</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/P%C5%82ock" title="Płock">Płock</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wa%C5%82brzych" title="Wałbrzych">Wałbrzych</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/W%C5%82oc%C5%82awek" title="Włocławek">Włocławek</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tarn%C3%B3w" title="Tarnów">Tarnów</a></i></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chorzów</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Koszalin" title="Koszalin">Koszalin</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">50,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Kalisz" title="Kalisz">Kalisz</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Legnica" title="Legnica">Legnica</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Grudzi%C4%85dz" title="Grudziądz">Grudziądz</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jaworzno" title="Jaworzno">Jaworzno</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/S%C5%82upsk" title="Słupsk">Słupsk</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jastrz%C4%99bie-Zdr%C3%B3j" title="Jastrzębie-Zdrój">Jastrzębie-Zdrój</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nowy_S%C4%85cz" title="Nowy Sącz">Nowy Sącz</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jelenia_G%C3%B3ra" title="Jelenia Góra">Jelenia Góra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Siedlce" title="Siedlce">Siedlce</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mys%C5%82owice" title="Mysłowice">Mysłowice</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi%C5%82a" title="Piła">Piła</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Konin" title="Konin">Konin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Piotrk%C3%B3w_Trybunalski" title="Piotrków Trybunalski">Piotrków Trybunalski</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostr%C3%B3w_Wielkopolski" title="Ostrów Wielkopolski">Ostrów Wielkopolski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubin" title="Lubin">Lubin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inowroc%C5%82aw" title="Inowrocław">Inowrocław</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Suwa%C5%82ki" title="Suwałki">Suwałki</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stargard" title="Stargard">Stargard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gniezno" title="Gniezno">Gniezno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostrowiec_%C5%9Awi%C4%99tokrzyski" title="Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski">Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Siemianowice_%C5%9Al%C4%85skie" title="Siemianowice Śląskie">Siemianowice Śląskie</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C5%82og%C3%B3w" title="Głogów">Głogów</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pabianice" title="Pabianice">Pabianice</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%C5%BBory" title="Żory">Żory</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pruszk%C3%B3w" title="Pruszków">Pruszków</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Leszno" title="Leszno">Leszno</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zamo%C5%9B%C4%87" title="Zamość">Zamość</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%C5%81om%C5%BCa" title="Łomża">Łomża</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E%C5%82k" title="Ełk">Ełk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomasz%C3%B3w_Mazowiecki" title="Tomaszów Mazowiecki">Tomaszów Mazowiecki</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Che%C5%82m" title="Chełm">Chełm</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mielec" title="Mielec">Mielec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tczew" title="Tczew">Tczew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C4%99dzierzyn-Ko%C5%BAle" title="Kędzierzyn-Koźle">Kędzierzyn-Koźle</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Przemy%C5%9Bl" title="Przemyśl">Przemyśl</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stalowa_Wola" title="Stalowa Wola">Stalowa Wola</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bia%C5%82a_Podlaska" title="Biała Podlaska">Biała Podlaska</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Be%C5%82chat%C3%B3w" title="Bełchatów">Bełchatów</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Awidnica" title="Świdnica">Świdnica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C4%99dzin" title="Będzin">Będzin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zgierz" title="Zgierz">Zgierz</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Piekary_%C5%9Al%C4%85skie" title="Piekary Śląskie">Piekary Śląskie</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racib%C3%B3rz" title="Racibórz">Racibórz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legionowo" title="Legionowo">Legionowo</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ostro%C5%82%C4%99ka" title="Ostrołęka">Ostrołęka</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">35,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Awi%C4%99toch%C5%82owice" title="Świętochłowice">Świętochłowice</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wejherowo" title="Wejherowo">Wejherowo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zawiercie" title="Zawiercie">Zawiercie</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Skierniewice" title="Skierniewice">Skierniewice</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starachowice" title="Starachowice">Starachowice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wodzis%C5%82aw_%C5%9Al%C4%85ski" title="Wodzisław Śląski">Wodzisław Śląski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starogard_Gda%C5%84ski" title="Starogard Gdański">Starogard Gdański</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pu%C5%82awy" title="Puławy">Puławy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tarnobrzeg" title="Tarnobrzeg">Tarnobrzeg</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ko%C5%82obrzeg" title="Kołobrzeg">Kołobrzeg</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Krosno" title="Krosno">Krosno</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radomsko" title="Radomsko">Radomsko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otwock" title="Otwock">Otwock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skar%C5%BCysko-Kamienna" title="Skarżysko-Kamienna">Skarżysko-Kamienna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciechan%C3%B3w" title="Ciechanów">Ciechanów</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kutno" title="Kutno">Kutno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sieradz" title="Sieradz">Sieradz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zdu%C5%84ska_Wola" title="Zduńska Wola">Zduńska Wola</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Awinouj%C5%9Bcie" title="Świnoujście">Świnoujście</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BByrard%C3%B3w" title="Żyrardów">Żyrardów</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boles%C5%82awiec" title="Bolesławiec">Bolesławiec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nowa_S%C3%B3l" title="Nowa Sól">Nowa Sól</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knur%C3%B3w" title="Knurów">Knurów</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%C5%9Bwi%C4%99cim" title="Oświęcim">Oświęcim</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sopot" title="Sopot">Sopot</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>The list includes the 107 urban municipalities governed by a <a href="/wiki/Mayor#Poland" title="Mayor">city mayor</a> (<i>prezydent miasta</i>) instead of a town mayor (<i>burmistrz</i>) · <a href="/wiki/City_with_powiat_rights" title="City with powiat rights">Cities with powiat rights</a> are in <i>italics</i> · Voivodeship cities are in <b>bold</b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104302#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104302#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104302#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/153642150">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4249342-0">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n83059200">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11970470k">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11970470k">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Chorzów (Polsko)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge254942&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007555122505171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/182e773d-0045-4402-8547-72f3e91e379f">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chorzów&oldid=1252943251">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chorzów&oldid=1252943251</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" 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