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been true for most of baseball history (with the exception being the e<strong>x</strong>tra <strong>i</strong>nning <strong>p</strong>laced <strong>r</strong>unner, the XIPR).</p> <p>In a Markov chain, the presumption is how you entered a state is immaterial.&nbsp; Being in a state is the information you need in order to know what's to come.&nbsp; So, if you have a runner on 1B&nbsp;with 0 outs, does it matter HOW you got there?&nbsp; If it doesn't, then that's your Markov state:&nbsp;runner on 1B, 0 outs.&nbsp; If it DOES matter, then your Markov state has to include how you go there, so that your actual Markov state is 1B-or-BB-or-HBP-or-Err, and the runner on 1B&nbsp;and 0 outs.</p> <p>In an award-winning presentation <a href="https://sabr.org/latest/sabr-52-david-w-smith-bailey-hall-win-2024-convention-presentation-awards/" target="_blank">at SABR52</a>, Bailey Hall tackled that issue.&nbsp; The main overall point is that the number of runs that followed the runner on 1B, 0 outs state was essentially the same, regardless as to how the state was entered (0.94 to 0.93 runs following a leadoff BB or single respectively).&nbsp; But, Bailey did note that there may be a pitcher-by-pitcher effect, that maybe some pitchers are more affected by one or the other, and maybe even at the inning-level.</p> <p>Most important to all this is that the question was asked, a solution has been offered, and the presentation is beyond outstanding (with pure baseball themes wherever you look).&nbsp; This is what an #AspiringSaberist should do: ask the question, roll up their sleeves, and show off the work.&nbsp; Because others will be watching, and they will remember any good work.</p> <p>(click to embiggen)</p> <figure><a href="https://sabr.box.com/shared/static/dlc8uxdid8egh1flptd9d83d4xi57mg8.png"><img src="https://sabr.box.com/shared/static/dlc8uxdid8egh1flptd9d83d4xi57mg8.png" width="440" data-image="dtwhoi7clomr"></a></figure> <hr/> <div class="posted"> (6) <a 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