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href="#Early_career_(1967–1984)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Early career (1967–1984)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_career_(1967–1984)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-U.S._Senate_(1985–present)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#U.S._Senate_(1985–present)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>U.S. Senate (1985–present)</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-U.S._Senate_(1985–present)-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle U.S. Senate (1985–present) subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-U.S._Senate_(1985–present)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Relationships_with_presidential_administrations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relationships_with_presidential_administrations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Relationships with presidential administrations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relationships_with_presidential_administrations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Obama" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Obama"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Obama</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Obama-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Use_of_the_filibuster" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Use_of_the_filibuster"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1.1</span> <span>Use of the filibuster</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Use_of_the_filibuster-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Trump" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trump"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2</span> <span>Trump</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trump-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-First_impeachment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_impeachment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2.1</span> <span>First impeachment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_impeachment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Second_impeachment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_impeachment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2.2</span> <span>Second impeachment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Second_impeachment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Biden" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biden"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.3</span> <span>Biden</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biden-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Judicial_nominees" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Judicial_nominees"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Judicial nominees</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Judicial_nominees-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Under_Obama" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Under_Obama"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>Under Obama</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Under_Obama-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Under_Trump" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Under_Trump"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.2</span> <span>Under Trump</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Under_Trump-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government_shutdowns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_shutdowns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Government shutdowns</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government_shutdowns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Shutdown_of_2018–2019" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shutdown_of_2018–2019"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.1</span> <span>Shutdown of 2018–2019</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shutdown_of_2018–2019-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-COVID-19_response" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#COVID-19_response"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>COVID-19 response</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-COVID-19_response-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Approval_ratings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Approval_ratings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Approval ratings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Approval_ratings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Committee_assignments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Committee_assignments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Committee assignments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Committee_assignments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_positions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_positions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Political positions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Political_positions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Electoral_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Electoral_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Electoral history</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Electoral_history-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Electoral history subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Electoral_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1984" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1984"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>1984</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1984-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1990" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1990"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>1990</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1990-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1996" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1996"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>1996</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1996-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2002" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2002"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>2002</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2002-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2008" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2008"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>2008</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2008-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2014" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2014"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.6</span> <span>2014</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2014-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2020" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2020"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.7</span> <span>2020</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2020-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Personal life subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Family" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Family"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Family</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Family-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Health</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Other</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mitch McConnell</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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Available in 61 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-61" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">61 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B4_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%84" title="ميتش ماكونيل – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ميتش ماكونيل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%86_%D9%85%DA%A9_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%84" title="میچ مک کانل – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="میچ مک کانل" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%87_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8A%D0%BB" title="Мич Макконъл – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мич Макконъл" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B9%CF%84%CF%82_%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%9A%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%BD%CE%B5%CE%BB" title="Μιτς ΜακΚόννελ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μιτς ΜακΚόννελ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%86_%D9%85%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%84" title="میچ مکانل – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="میچ مکانل" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EC%B9%98_%EB%A7%A4%EC%BD%94%EB%84%90" title="미치 매코널 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="미치 매코널" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%AB%D5%A9%D5%B9%D5%A5%D5%AC_%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%94%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A5%D5%AC" title="Միթչել ՄակՔոնել – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Միթչել ՄակՔոնել" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A5%27_%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%9C" title="מיץ' מקונל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מיץ' מקונל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mi%C4%8Ds_Makonels" title="Mičs Makonels – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mičs Makonels" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9A_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B2" title="मिच मॅककॉनल – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मिच मॅककॉनल" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B4_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%84" title="ميتش ماكونيل – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ميتش ماكونيل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9F%E3%83%83%E3%83%81%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9E%E3%82%B3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8D%E3%83%AB" title="ミッチ・マコーネル – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ミッチ・マコーネル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB,_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%87" title="Макконнелл, Митч – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Макконнелл, Митч" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%86_%D9%85%DB%95%DA%A9%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%86%DB%8E%D9%84" title="میچ مەککۆنێل – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="میچ مەککۆنێل" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%8C_%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C" title="มิตช์ แมคคอนเนลล์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มิตช์ แมคคอนเนลล์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%82%D1%87_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB" title="Мітч Макконнелл – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мітч Макконнелл" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E5%A5%87%C2%B7%E9%BA%A6%E5%BA%B7%E5%A5%88%E5%B0%94" title="米奇·麦康奈尔 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="米奇·麦康奈尔" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%98%D7%A9_%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%9C" title="מיטש מעקאנל – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מיטש מעקאנל" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Mitch McConnell" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E5%A5%87%C2%B7%E9%BA%A5%E5%BA%B7%E8%AB%BE" title="米奇·麥康諾 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="米奇·麥康諾" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q355522#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected 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id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American politician and lawyer (born 1942)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Senator McConnell" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Senator_McConnell_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Senator McConnell (disambiguation)">Senator McConnell (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Mitch McConnell</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Mitch_McConnell_2016_official_photo_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Mitch_McConnell_2016_official_photo_%281%29.jpg/220px-Mitch_McConnell_2016_official_photo_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="303" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Mitch_McConnell_2016_official_photo_%281%29.jpg/330px-Mitch_McConnell_2016_official_photo_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Mitch_McConnell_2016_official_photo_%281%29.jpg/440px-Mitch_McConnell_2016_official_photo_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1696" data-file-height="2335" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Official portrait, 2016</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Senate_Minority_Leader" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate Minority Leader">Senate Minority Leader</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender"><b><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>Assumed office</b></span> <br />January 20, 2021</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Whip</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Thune" title="John Thune">John Thune</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Schumer" title="Chuck Schumer">Chuck Schumer</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2015</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Whip</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trent_Lott" title="Trent Lott">Trent Lott</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Kyl" title="Jon Kyl">Jon Kyl</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/John_Cornyn" title="John Cornyn">John Cornyn</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Harry_Reid" title="Harry Reid">Harry Reid</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Harry Reid</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Senate_Majority_Leader" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate Majority Leader">Senate Majority Leader</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 3, 2015 – January 20, 2021</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Whip</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>John Cornyn</li><li>John Thune</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Harry Reid</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Chuck Schumer</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Leader of the <a href="/wiki/Senate_Republican_Conference" title="Senate Republican Conference">Senate Republican Conference</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender"><b><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>Assumed office</b></span> <br />January 3, 2007</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Frist" title="Bill Frist">Bill Frist</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Senate_Majority_Whip" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate Majority Whip">Senate Majority Whip</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2007</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Leader</th><td class="infobox-data">Bill Frist</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Harry Reid</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dick_Durbin" title="Dick Durbin">Dick Durbin</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Chair of the <a href="/wiki/Senate_Rules_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate Rules Committee">Senate Rules Committee</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 20, 2001 – June 6, 2001</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chris_Dodd" title="Chris Dodd">Chris Dodd</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Chris Dodd</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 3, 1999 – January 3, 2001</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Warner" title="John Warner">John Warner</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Chris Dodd</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senator</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender"><b><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>Assumed office</b></span> <br />January 3, 1985<div style="line-height:normal; padding-top:0.2em; padding-bottom:0.1em">Serving with <a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">Rand Paul</a></div></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Dee_Huddleston" title="Walter Dee Huddleston">Walter Dee Huddleston</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County_Judge/Executive" title="Jefferson County Judge/Executive">Judge-Executive of Jefferson County</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />December 1, 1977 – December 21, 1984</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Todd Hollenbach III</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bremer_Ehrler" title="Bremer Ehrler">Bremer Ehrler</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Assistant_Attorney_General" title="United States Assistant Attorney General">United States Assistant Attorney General</a> for the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Department_of_Justice_Office_of_Legislative_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legislative Affairs">Office of Legislative Affairs</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>Acting</b></span><br />February 1, 1975 – June 27, 1975</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Vincent Rakestraw</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Uhlmann" title="Michael Uhlmann">Michael Uhlmann</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Addison Mitchell McConnell III</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1942-02-20</span>) </span>February 20, 1942<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 82)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Sheffield,_Alabama" title="Sheffield, Alabama">Sheffield, Alabama</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Sherrill Redmon</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1968; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1980)<wbr /></div></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Elaine_Chao" title="Elaine Chao">Elaine Chao</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="February 6, 1993">1993</span>)<wbr /></div></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">3</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Residence(s)</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville, Kentucky</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Louisville" title="University of Louisville">University of Louisville</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Kentucky" title="University of Kentucky">University of Kentucky</a> (<a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">JD</a>)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mitch_McConnell_Signature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mitch McConnell's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Mitch_McConnell_Signature.svg/128px-Mitch_McConnell_Signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Mitch_McConnell_Signature.svg/192px-Mitch_McConnell_Signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Mitch_McConnell_Signature.svg/256px-Mitch_McConnell_Signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="245" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mcconnell.senate.gov">Senate website</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Military service</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Branch/service</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1116488514">.mw-parser-output .treeview ul{padding:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .treeview li{padding:0;margin:0;list-style-type:none;list-style-image:none}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li{background:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Treeview-grey-line.png")no-repeat 0 -2981px;padding-left:21px;text-indent:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li:last-child{background-position:0 -5971px}.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>.mw-empty-elt:first-child+.emptyline,.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>li:first-child{background-position:0 9px}</style><div class="treeview"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Reserve" title="United States Army Reserve">Army Reserve</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years of service</th><td class="infobox-data">July 9, 1967 – August 15, 1967 (medical separation)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-left listen noprint listen-embedded listen-noimage listen-center"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Senate_Majority_Leader_Mitch_McConnell_on_Bipartisanship_in_his_First_Speech_as_Floor_Leader.ogg" title="File:Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell on Bipartisanship in his First Speech as Floor Leader.ogg">McConnell's voice</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="215" style="width:215px;" data-durationhint="257" data-mwtitle="Senate_Majority_Leader_Mitch_McConnell_on_Bipartisanship_in_his_First_Speech_as_Floor_Leader.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/11/Senate_Majority_Leader_Mitch_McConnell_on_Bipartisanship_in_his_First_Speech_as_Floor_Leader.ogg/Senate_Majority_Leader_Mitch_McConnell_on_Bipartisanship_in_his_First_Speech_as_Floor_Leader.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/11/Senate_Majority_Leader_Mitch_McConnell_on_Bipartisanship_in_his_First_Speech_as_Floor_Leader.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">McConnell speaks on Senate bipartisanship in his first speech as Majority Leader<br />Recorded January 7, 2015</div></div></div></div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Addison Mitchell McConnell III</b><sup id="cite_ref-memoir1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-memoir1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/ɒ/: 'o' in 'body'">ɒ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span></span>/</a></span></span>; born February 20, 1942) is an American politician and retired attorney who has been serving as <a href="/wiki/Senate_minority_leader" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate minority leader">Senate minority leader</a> since 2021 and the <a href="/wiki/Seniority_in_the_United_States_Senate" title="Seniority in the United States Senate">senior</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_senator" class="mw-redirect" title="United States senator">United States senator</a> from <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a> since 1985, the <a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_United_States_Congress_by_longevity_of_service" title="List of members of the United States Congress by longevity of service">longest-serving senator</a> in Kentucky history. McConnell has been the leader of the <a href="/wiki/Senate_Republican_Conference" title="Senate Republican Conference">Senate Republican Conference</a> since 2007, including as majority leader from 2015 to 2021, making him the longest-serving Senate party leader in U.S. history. </p><p>McConnell holds <a href="/wiki/Conservatism" title="Conservatism">conservative</a> political positions, although he was known as a <a href="/wiki/Realpolitik" title="Realpolitik">pragmatist</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Moderate" class="mw-redirect" title="Moderate">moderate</a> Republican early in his political career. He led opposition to stricter campaign finance laws, culminating in the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Supreme Court">U.S. Supreme Court</a> decision <i><a href="/wiki/Citizens_United_v._FEC" title="Citizens United v. FEC">Citizens United v. FEC</a></i>, which partially overturned the <a href="/wiki/Bipartisan_Campaign_Reform_Act" title="Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act">Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act</a> (McCain-Feingold) in 2010. McConnell worked to withhold Republican support for major presidential initiatives during the <a href="/wiki/Obama_administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Obama administration">Obama administration</a>, making frequent use of the <a href="/wiki/Filibuster_in_the_United_States_Senate" title="Filibuster in the United States Senate">filibuster</a>, and blocked many of President <a href="/wiki/Obama" class="mw-redirect" title="Obama">Obama</a>'s judicial nominees, including <a href="/wiki/Merrick_Garland_Supreme_Court_nomination" title="Merrick Garland Supreme Court nomination">Supreme Court nominee Merrick Garland</a>. </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/First_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="First presidency of Donald Trump">Trump administration</a>, the Senate Republican majority under McConnell's leadership passed the <a href="/wiki/Tax_Cuts_and_Jobs_Act_of_2017" class="mw-redirect" title="Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017">Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Economic_Growth,_Regulatory_Relief_and_Consumer_Protection_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief and Consumer Protection Act">Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief and Consumer Protection Act</a> in 2018, the <a href="/wiki/First_Step_Act" title="First Step Act">First Step Act</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Great_American_Outdoors_Act" title="Great American Outdoors Act">Great American Outdoors Act</a>, and confirmed a record number of <a href="/wiki/Federal_appeals_court" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal appeals court">federal appeals court</a> judges during a president's first two years. McConnell invoked the <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_option" title="Nuclear option">nuclear option</a> to eliminate the 60-vote requirement to end a filibuster for Supreme Court nominations, after his predecessor <a href="/wiki/Harry_Reid" title="Harry Reid">Harry Reid</a> had eliminated the filibuster for all other <a href="/wiki/Presidential_nominee" title="Presidential nominee">presidential nominations</a>; Trump subsequently won Supreme Court confirmation battles over <a href="/wiki/Neil_Gorsuch" title="Neil Gorsuch">Neil Gorsuch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">Brett Kavanaugh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Amy_Coney_Barrett" title="Amy Coney Barrett">Amy Coney Barrett</a>. While supportive of most of Trump's domestic and foreign policies, McConnell criticized Trump's <a href="/wiki/Attempts_to_overturn_the_2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election">attempts to overturn the 2020 presidential election</a>, and despite voting to acquit in <a href="/wiki/Trump%27s_second_impeachment_trial" class="mw-redirect" title="Trump's second impeachment trial">Trump's second impeachment trial</a> for reasons related to the constitutionality of impeaching a former president, deemed him "practically and morally responsible" for the <a href="/wiki/January_6_United_States_Capitol_attack" title="January 6 United States Capitol attack">January 6 United States Capitol attack</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2015, 2019 and 2023, <i>Time</i> listed McConnell as one of the 100 most influential people in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-Boehner_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boehner-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Time_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Time-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On February 28, 2024, McConnell announced that he would step down as the Senate Republican Conference Leader in January 2025, but would serve the remainder of his Senate term.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/2024_Senate_Republican_Conference_leadership_election" title="2024 Senate Republican Conference leadership election">An internal election</a> to fill the post of Senate Republican Leader was held on November 13, in which South Dakota senator <a href="/wiki/John_Thune" title="John Thune">John Thune</a> was selected.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education_(1942–1967)"><span id="Early_life_and_education_.281942.E2.80.931967.29"></span>Early life and education (1942–1967)</h2></div> <p>McConnell was born on February 20, 1942, to Julia Odene "Dean" (<span title="Name at birth"><a href="/wiki/Birth_name#Maiden_and_married_names" title="Birth name">née</a></span> Shockley) and Addison Mitchell "A.M." McConnell II<sup id="cite_ref-memoir_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-memoir-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at Colbert County Hospital in <a href="/wiki/Sheffield,_Alabama" title="Sheffield, Alabama">Sheffield, Alabama</a>, and grew up in <a href="/wiki/Athens,_Alabama" title="Athens, Alabama">Athens, Alabama</a>, where his grandfather, Robert Hayes McConnell Sr., and his great-uncle, Addison Mitchell McConnell, owned McConnell Funeral Home.<sup id="cite_ref-memoir_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-memoir-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is of <a href="/wiki/Scotch-Irish_Americans" title="Scotch-Irish Americans">Scots-Irish</a> and <a href="/wiki/English_Americans" title="English Americans">English</a> descent. His ancestor James McConnell fought on the American side in the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-memoir_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-memoir-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1034237262">.mw-parser-output .stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-right{float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-left{float:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-right{float:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="stack mw-stack stack-left"><div><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mitch_McConnell_in_1960_Crimson.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Mitch_McConnell_in_1960_Crimson.jpg/170px-Mitch_McConnell_in_1960_Crimson.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="245" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Mitch_McConnell_in_1960_Crimson.jpg/255px-Mitch_McConnell_in_1960_Crimson.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Mitch_McConnell_in_1960_Crimson.jpg/340px-Mitch_McConnell_in_1960_Crimson.jpg 2x" data-file-width="596" data-file-height="858" /></a><figcaption>McConnell in <a 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padding: 0; line-height: 150%;"><table><tbody><tr> <td style="background:#CE2029; vertical-align:middle; padding:5px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mitch_McConnell_portrait_2016.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mitch_McConnell_portrait_2016.jpg/75px-Mitch_McConnell_portrait_2016.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mitch_McConnell_portrait_2016.jpg/113px-Mitch_McConnell_portrait_2016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mitch_McConnell_portrait_2016.jpg/150px-Mitch_McConnell_portrait_2016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1457" data-file-height="1969" /></a></span></td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; padding:6px;">This article is part of a series about<br /><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mitch McConnell</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0.3em;"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Early_life_and_education_(1942–1967)">Early life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Mitch_McConnell" title="Political positions of Mitch McConnell">Political positions</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Electoral_history">Electoral history</a></li></ul> <hr /> <div style="font-weight: bold;line-height:normal;">U.S. Senator from Kentucky</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pornography_Victims_Compensation_Act" title="Pornography Victims Compensation Act">Pornography Victims Compensation Act</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/McConnell_v._FEC" title="McConnell v. FEC">McConnell v. FEC</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Commissions_Act_of_2006" title="Military Commissions Act of 2006">Military Commissions Act of 2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honest_Leadership_and_Open_Government_Act" title="Honest Leadership and Open Government Act">Honest Leadership and Open Government Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protect_America_Act_of_2007" title="Protect America Act of 2007">Protect America Act of 2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemp_Farming_Act_of_2018" title="Hemp Farming Act of 2018">Hemp Farming Act of 2018</a></li></ul> <hr /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="United States Senate"><img alt="United States Senate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/40px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/60px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="text-align:center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mitch_McConnell_series" title="Template:Mitch McConnell series"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Mitch_McConnell_series" title="Template talk:Mitch McConnell series"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mitch_McConnell_series" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Mitch McConnell series"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In 1944, at the age of two, McConnell's upper left leg was paralyzed by a <a href="/wiki/Polio" title="Polio">polio</a> attack.<sup id="cite_ref-memoir_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-memoir-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He and his mother were living with an aunt in <a href="/wiki/Five_Points,_Alabama" title="Five Points, Alabama">Five Points, Alabama</a>, at the time, and he received treatment at the <a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Warm_Springs_Institute_for_Rehabilitation" class="mw-redirect" title="Roosevelt Warm Springs Institute for Rehabilitation">Roosevelt Warm Springs Institute for Rehabilitation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The treatment potentially saved him from being disabled for the rest of his life.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McConnell said his family "almost went broke" because of costs related to his illness.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1950, when he was eight, McConnell moved with his family from Athens to <a href="/wiki/Augusta,_Georgia" title="Augusta, Georgia">Augusta, Georgia</a>, where his father, who was in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">Army</a>, was stationed at <a href="/wiki/Fort_Gordon" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Gordon">Fort Gordon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-memoir2_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-memoir2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1956, his family moved to <a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville, Kentucky</a>, where he attended <a href="/wiki/DuPont_Manual_High_School" title="DuPont Manual High School">duPont Manual High School</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-memoir2_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-memoir2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McConnell was elected student council president at his high school during his junior year.<sup id="cite_ref-memoir2_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-memoir2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He graduated <a href="/wiki/Omicron_Delta_Kappa" title="Omicron Delta Kappa">Omicron Delta Kappa</a> from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Louisville" title="University of Louisville">University of Louisville</a> with a <a href="/wiki/B.A." class="mw-redirect" title="B.A.">B.A.</a> in <a href="/wiki/Political_science" title="Political science">political science</a> in 1964 with honors.<sup id="cite_ref-SenBio_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SenBio-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was president of the Student Council of the College of Arts and Sciences and a member of the <a href="/wiki/Phi_Kappa_Tau" title="Phi Kappa Tau">Phi Kappa Tau</a> fraternity.<sup id="cite_ref-memoir3_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-memoir3-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>McConnell attended the 1963 <a href="/wiki/March_on_Washington_for_Jobs_and_Freedom" title="March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom">March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom</a>, where <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Martin Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.</a> gave the "<a href="/wiki/I_Have_a_Dream" title="I Have a Dream">I Have a Dream</a>" speech.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1964, at the age of 22, he attended civil rights rallies,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Intern" class="mw-redirect" title="Intern">interned</a> with Senator <a href="/wiki/John_Sherman_Cooper" title="John Sherman Cooper">John Sherman Cooper</a>. He has said his time with Cooper inspired him to run for the Senate later in life.<sup id="cite_ref-Stretch_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stretch-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Homans-2019_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Homans-2019-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1967, McConnell graduated from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Kentucky_College_of_Law" title="University of Kentucky College of Law">University of Kentucky College of Law</a>, where he was president of the <a href="/wiki/Student_bar_association" title="Student bar association">Student Bar Association</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-memoir3_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-memoir3-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-almanac_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-almanac-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_career_(1967–1984)"><span id="Early_career_.281967.E2.80.931984.29"></span>Early career (1967–1984)</h2></div> <p>In March 1967, shortly before the expiration of his educational <a href="/wiki/Conscription_in_the_United_States#Vietnam_War" title="Conscription in the United States">draft</a> deferment upon graduation from law school, McConnell enlisted in the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Army_Reserve" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Army Reserve">U.S. Army Reserve</a> as a private at Louisville.<sup id="cite_ref-Cheves_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cheves-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was a coveted position because the Reserve units were mostly kept out of combat during the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cheves_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cheves-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MacGillis_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MacGillis-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 11–12">: 11–12 </span></sup> His first day of training at <a href="/wiki/Fort_Knox" title="Fort Knox">Fort Knox</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a>, was July 9, 1967, two days after taking the <a href="/wiki/Bar_exam" class="mw-redirect" title="Bar exam">bar exam</a>, and his last day was August 15, 1967.<sup id="cite_ref-memoir3_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-memoir3-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cheves_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cheves-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shortly after his arrival he was diagnosed with <a href="/wiki/Optic_neuritis" title="Optic neuritis">optic neuritis</a> and deemed medically unfit for military service, and was honorably <a href="/wiki/Military_discharge" title="Military discharge">discharged</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cheves_24-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cheves-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-weiser_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-weiser-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McConnell's political opponents have repeatedly made an issue of his brief time in service during his electoral campaigns.<sup id="cite_ref-Cheves_24-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cheves-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-weiser_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-weiser-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>McConnell first served as a Deputy <a href="/wiki/United_States_Assistant_Attorney_General" title="United States Assistant Attorney General">United States Assistant Attorney General</a> under President <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a> from 1974 until 1975 and then as <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County_Judge/Executive" title="Jefferson County Judge/Executive">Jefferson County Judge/Executive</a> from 1977 until 1984 in Kentucky. He was first <a href="/wiki/1984_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kentucky" title="1984 United States Senate election in Kentucky">elected to the U.S. Senate in 1984</a> and is the second Kentuckian to serve as a party leader in the Senate.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the 1998 and 2000 election cycles, he was chairman of the <a href="/wiki/National_Republican_Senatorial_Committee" title="National Republican Senatorial Committee">National Republican Senatorial Committee</a>. He was elected <a href="/wiki/Majority_Whip" class="mw-redirect" title="Majority Whip">Majority Whip</a> to <a href="/wiki/Bill_Frist" title="Bill Frist">Bill Frist</a> in the <a href="/wiki/108th_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="108th Congress">108th Congress</a> and reelected to the post in 2004. In November 2006 he was elected Senate minority leader, the post he held until Republicans took control of the Senate in 2015. </p><p>From 1968 to 1970, McConnell worked as chief <a href="/wiki/Legislative_assistant#In_the_United_States" title="Legislative assistant">legislative assistant</a> to Senator <a href="/wiki/Marlow_Cook" title="Marlow Cook">Marlow Cook</a> in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, managing a legislative department consisting of five members as well as assisting with speechwriting and <a href="/wiki/U.S._Congress_and_citizens#Congresspersons_and_constituents" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Congress and citizens">constituent services</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-memoir4_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-memoir4-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1971, McConnell returned to Louisville, where he worked on <a href="/wiki/Tom_Emberton" title="Tom Emberton">Tom Emberton</a>'s campaign for <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Kentucky" title="Governor of Kentucky">governor of Kentucky</a>, which was unsuccessful.<sup id="cite_ref-memoir4_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-memoir4-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McConnell attempted to run for a seat in the state legislature but was disqualified because he did not meet the residency requirements for the office.<sup id="cite_ref-memoir4_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-memoir4-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He then worked for the Louisville law firm Segal, Isenberg, Sales and Stewart for a few years.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-memoir4_29-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-memoir4-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the same period, he taught a night class on political science at the University of Louisville.<sup id="cite_ref-almanac_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-almanac-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cherkis_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cherkis-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 1974, McConnell returned to Washington to fill a position as <a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">Deputy Assistant Attorney General</a> under President Ford, where he worked alongside <a href="/wiki/Robert_Bork" title="Robert Bork">Robert Bork</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laurence_Silberman" title="Laurence Silberman">Laurence Silberman</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Antonin_Scalia" title="Antonin Scalia">Antonin Scalia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-almanac_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-almanac-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-memoir4_29-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-memoir4-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also served as acting <a href="/wiki/United_States_Assistant_Attorney_General" title="United States Assistant Attorney General">United States Assistant Attorney General</a> for the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Department_of_Justice_Office_of_Legislative_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legislative Affairs">Office of Legislative Affairs</a> under President Ford in 1975.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1977, McConnell was elected the <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County_Judge/Executive" title="Jefferson County Judge/Executive">Jefferson County judge/executive</a>, the top political office in <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County,_Kentucky" title="Jefferson County, Kentucky">Jefferson County, Kentucky</a>, at the time, defeating incumbent Democrat Todd Hollenbach III, 53% to 47%. He was reelected in 1981 against Jefferson County Commissioner Jim "Pop" Malone, 51% to 47%, outspending Malone 3–1, and occupied the office until his election to the U.S. Senate in 1984.<sup id="cite_ref-Stretch_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stretch-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-memoir4_29-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-memoir4-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="U.S._Senate_(1985–present)"><span id="U.S._Senate_.281985.E2.80.93present.29"></span>U.S. Senate (1985–present)</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:391px;max-width:391px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader">Past official portraits</div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:82px;max-width:82px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:91px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mitch-McConnell-99th.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Mitch-McConnell-99th.jpg/80px-Mitch-McConnell-99th.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Mitch-McConnell-99th.jpg/120px-Mitch-McConnell-99th.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Mitch-McConnell-99th.jpg/160px-Mitch-McConnell-99th.jpg 2x" data-file-width="728" data-file-height="828" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center">1985</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:77px;max-width:77px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:91px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mitch-McConnell-107th.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Mitch-McConnell-107th.jpg/75px-Mitch-McConnell-107th.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Mitch-McConnell-107th.jpg/113px-Mitch-McConnell-107th.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Mitch-McConnell-107th.jpg/150px-Mitch-McConnell-107th.jpg 2x" data-file-width="566" data-file-height="693" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center">2001</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:74px;max-width:74px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:91px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mitch_McConnell_official_photo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Mitch_McConnell_official_photo.jpg/72px-Mitch_McConnell_official_photo.jpg" decoding="async" width="72" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Mitch_McConnell_official_photo.jpg/108px-Mitch_McConnell_official_photo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Mitch_McConnell_official_photo.jpg/144px-Mitch_McConnell_official_photo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="404" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center">2006</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:74px;max-width:74px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:91px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sen_Mitch_McConnell_official.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Sen_Mitch_McConnell_official.jpg/72px-Sen_Mitch_McConnell_official.jpg" decoding="async" width="72" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Sen_Mitch_McConnell_official.jpg/108px-Sen_Mitch_McConnell_official.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Sen_Mitch_McConnell_official.jpg/144px-Sen_Mitch_McConnell_official.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1105" data-file-height="1400" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center">2009</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:74px;max-width:74px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:91px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mitch_McConnell_official_portrait_112th_Congress.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Mitch_McConnell_official_portrait_112th_Congress.jpg/72px-Mitch_McConnell_official_portrait_112th_Congress.jpg" decoding="async" width="72" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Mitch_McConnell_official_portrait_112th_Congress.jpg/108px-Mitch_McConnell_official_portrait_112th_Congress.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Mitch_McConnell_official_portrait_112th_Congress.jpg/144px-Mitch_McConnell_official_portrait_112th_Congress.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3040" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center">2011</div></div></div></div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:C39838-5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/C39838-5.jpg/220px-C39838-5.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/C39838-5.jpg/330px-C39838-5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/C39838-5.jpg/440px-C39838-5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2769" /></a><figcaption>President <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> in a meeting with McConnell in the Oval Office, March 1987</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bush_Contact_Sheet_P19344_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Bush_Contact_Sheet_P19344_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Bush_Contact_Sheet_P19344_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Bush_Contact_Sheet_P19344_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Bush_Contact_Sheet_P19344_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/Bush_Contact_Sheet_P19344_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="422" data-file-height="280" /></a><figcaption>President <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> with McConnell and <a href="/wiki/Elaine_Chao" title="Elaine Chao">Elaine Chao</a> in February 1991</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Senator_Mitch_McConnell_in_1992.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Senator_Mitch_McConnell_in_1992.jpg/220px-Senator_Mitch_McConnell_in_1992.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Senator_Mitch_McConnell_in_1992.jpg/330px-Senator_Mitch_McConnell_in_1992.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Senator_Mitch_McConnell_in_1992.jpg/440px-Senator_Mitch_McConnell_in_1992.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3380" data-file-height="2250" /></a><figcaption>Mitch McConnell in 1992</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:President_George_W._Bush_and_Senator_Mitch_McConnell_shake_hands_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/President_George_W._Bush_and_Senator_Mitch_McConnell_shake_hands_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-President_George_W._Bush_and_Senator_Mitch_McConnell_shake_hands_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/President_George_W._Bush_and_Senator_Mitch_McConnell_shake_hands_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-President_George_W._Bush_and_Senator_Mitch_McConnell_shake_hands_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/President_George_W._Bush_and_Senator_Mitch_McConnell_shake_hands_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-President_George_W._Bush_and_Senator_Mitch_McConnell_shake_hands_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="669" data-file-height="667" /></a><figcaption>President <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> shakes hands with McConnell at Bush's first inauguration, January 2001.</figcaption></figure> <p>In his early years as a politician in Kentucky, McConnell was known as a pragmatist and a moderate Republican.<sup id="cite_ref-Stretch_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stretch-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MacGillis_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MacGillis-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over time he became more conservative.<sup id="cite_ref-Stretch_21-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stretch-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MacGillis_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MacGillis-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to one of his biographers, McConnell transformed "from a moderate Republican who supported abortion rights and public employee unions to the embodiment of partisan obstructionism and conservative orthodoxy on Capitol Hill."<sup id="cite_ref-MacGillis_25-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MacGillis-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McConnell has widely been described as an obstructionist.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1997 to 2001, McConnell chaired the <a href="/wiki/National_Republican_Senatorial_Committee" title="National Republican Senatorial Committee">National Republican Senatorial Committee</a>, the body charged with securing electoral victories for Republicans.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On February 12, 1999, he was one of 50 senators to vote to <a href="/wiki/Impeachment_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Impeachment of Bill Clinton">convict and remove Bill Clinton from office</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was first elected <a href="/wiki/Majority_Whip" class="mw-redirect" title="Majority Whip">Majority Whip</a> in the <a href="/wiki/108th_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="108th Congress">108th Congress</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Senate Majority Leader <a href="/wiki/Bill_Frist" title="Bill Frist">Bill Frist</a> did not seek reelection in the <a href="/wiki/2006_United_States_Senate_elections" title="2006 United States Senate elections">2006 elections</a>. In November, after Republicans lost control of the Senate, they elected McConnell minority leader.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Republicans took control of the Senate following the <a href="/wiki/2014_United_States_Senate_elections" title="2014 United States Senate elections">2014 Senate elections</a>, McConnell became the <a href="/wiki/Senate_Majority_Leader" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate Majority Leader">Senate Majority Leader</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 2018 he became the longest-serving Senate Republican leader in U.S. history.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McConnell is the second Kentuckian to serve as a party leader in the Senate (after <a href="/wiki/Alben_W._Barkley" title="Alben W. Barkley">Alben W. Barkley</a> led the Democrats from 1937 to 1949)<sup id="cite_ref-SenBio_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SenBio-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the longest-serving U.S. senator from Kentucky.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>McConnell has a reputation as a skilled political strategist and tactician.<sup id="cite_ref-Costa_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Costa-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Green_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Green-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This reputation dimmed after Republicans failed to repeal the <a href="/wiki/Affordable_Care_Act" title="Affordable Care Act">Affordable Care Act</a> (Obamacare) in 2017 during consolidated Republican control of government.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>McConnell regularly obtained <a href="/wiki/Earmark_(politics)" title="Earmark (politics)">earmarks</a> for businesses and institutions in Kentucky until Congress banned the practice in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He has been criticized for funding "temporary patches" to Kentucky's long-term healthcare problems while simultaneously opposing and obstructing national programs that seek to improve healthcare more systematically, such as <a href="/wiki/Obamacare" class="mw-redirect" title="Obamacare">Obamacare</a> and <a href="/wiki/Medicaid#Expansion_under_the_Affordable_Care_Act" title="Medicaid">Medicaid expansion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cherkis_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cherkis-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Relationships_with_presidential_administrations">Relationships with presidential administrations</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="border: 4px double #B0161E; border-spacing:0.2em 0;color: var(--color-base, #000);"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">This article is part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Conservatism in the United States">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#B0161E; padding-top:0.25em; font-size:160%; font-weight:normal; color:white; line-height:1em"><a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Conservatism in the United States"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#FFF">Conservatism<br />in the United States</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg/90px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg/135px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg/180px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="451" data-file-height="476" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Schools</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compassionate_conservatism" title="Compassionate conservatism">Compassionate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiscal_conservatism" title="Fiscal conservatism">Fiscal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fusionism" title="Fusionism">Fusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_conservatism#Relation_to_American_conservatism" title="Liberal conservatism">Liberal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_conservatism" title="Libertarian conservatism">Libertarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moderate_conservatism" title="Moderate conservatism">Moderate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movement_conservatism" title="Movement conservatism">Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoconservatism" title="Neoconservatism">Neo-</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleoconservatism" title="Paleoconservatism">Paleo-</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postliberalism" title="Postliberalism">Postliberal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right-wing_populism#United_States" title="Right-wing populism">Populist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_conservatism" title="Progressive conservatism">Progressive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Social conservatism in the United States">Social</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straussianism" class="mw-redirect" title="Straussianism">Straussian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditionalist_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Traditionalist conservatism in the United States">Traditionalist</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Principles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_exceptionalism" title="American exceptionalism">American exceptionalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_nationalism" title="American nationalism">American nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-communism#United_States" title="Anti-communism">Anti-communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_nationalism#United_States" title="Christian nationalism">Christian nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_civil_religion" title="American civil religion">Civil religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_liberalism#United_States" title="Classical liberalism">Classical liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communitarianism" title="Communitarianism">Communitarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutionalism_in_the_United_States" title="Constitutionalism in the United States">Constitutionalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_life" title="Culture of life">Culture of life</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_anti-abortion_movement" title="United States anti-abortion movement">Pro-life</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Familialism#United_States" title="Familialism">Familialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_values" title="Family values">Family values</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federalism_in_the_United_States" title="Federalism in the United States">Federalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/States%27_rights" title="States' rights">States' rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_essentialism" title="Gender essentialism">Gender essentialism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Complementarianism" title="Complementarianism">Complementarianism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judeo-Christian_ethics" title="Judeo-Christian ethics">Judeo-Christian values</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Individualism" title="Individualism">Individualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_and_order_(politics)" title="Law and order (politics)">Law and order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limited_government" title="Limited government">Limited government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meritocracy" title="Meritocracy">Meritocracy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Natural_aristocracy" title="Natural aristocracy">Natural aristocracy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_militarism" title="United States militarism">Militarism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peace_through_strength" title="Peace through strength">Peace through strength</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moral_absolutism" title="Moral absolutism">Moral absolutism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_law" title="Natural law">Natural law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordered_liberty" title="Ordered liberty">Ordered liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Americanism_(ideology)" title="Americanism (ideology)">Patriotism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_property" title="Right to property">Property rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_the_United_States" title="Republicanism in the United States">Republicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_keep_and_bear_arms_in_the_United_States" title="Right to keep and bear arms in the United States">Right to bear arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rule_of_law" title="Rule of law">Rule of law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supply-side_economics" title="Supply-side economics">Supply-side economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tradition" title="Tradition">Tradition</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">History</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Loyalist_(American_Revolution)" title="Loyalist (American Revolution)">Loyalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_chivalry" title="Southern chivalry">Southern chivalry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solid_South" title="Solid South">Solid South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_humanism_(literature)" title="New humanism (literature)">New Humanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Agrarians" title="Southern Agrarians">Southern Agrarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Right_(United_States)" title="Old Right (United States)">Old Right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Manifesto" title="Conservative Manifesto">Conservative Manifesto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_coalition" title="Conservative coalition">Conservative coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/America_First_Committee" title="America First Committee">America First Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McCarthyism" title="McCarthyism">McCarthyism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_in_the_1950s" class="mw-redirect" title="United States in the 1950s">United States in the 1950s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater_1964_presidential_campaign" title="Barry Goldwater 1964 presidential campaign">Goldwater campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Right#United_States" title="New Right">New Right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reagan_era" title="Reagan era">Reagan era</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reagan_Doctrine" title="Reagan Doctrine">Reagan Doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reaganomics" title="Reaganomics">Reaganomics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoconservatism_and_paleoconservatism" title="Neoconservatism and paleoconservatism">Neo- vs. paleoconservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redeemers" title="Redeemers">Redeemers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Revolution" title="Republican Revolution">Republican Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_movement" title="Tea Party movement">Tea Party movement</a></li> <li>Trump era <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="First presidency of Donald Trump">First term</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="Second presidency of Donald Trump">Second term</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Intellectuals</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Adams" title="Henry Adams">Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Anton" title="Michael Anton">Anton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irving_Babbitt" title="Irving Babbitt">Babbitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Bacevich" title="Andrew Bacevich">Bacevich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Bell" title="Daniel Bell">Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saul_Bellow" title="Saul Bellow">Bellow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_L._Berger" title="Peter L. Berger">Berger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allan_Bloom" title="Allan Bloom">Bloom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_J._Boorstin" title="Daniel J. Boorstin">Boorstin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Bradford" title="Mel Bradford">Bradford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_F._Buckley_Jr." title="William F. Buckley Jr.">Buckley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Burgess_(political_scientist)" title="John Burgess (political scientist)">Burgess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Burnham" title="James Burnham">Burnham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Calhoun" title="John C. Calhoun">Calhoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Carl" title="Jeremy Carl">Carl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whittaker_Chambers" title="Whittaker Chambers">Chambers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Conquest" title="Robert Conquest">Conquest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Deneen" title="Patrick Deneen">Deneen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Eastman" title="Max Eastman">Eastman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._S._Eliot" title="T. S. Eliot">Eliot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Francis_(writer)" title="Sam Francis (writer)">Francis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Genovese" title="Eugene Genovese">Genovese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Gottfried" title="Paul Gottfried">Gottfried</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Davis_Hanson" title="Victor Davis Hanson">Hanson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoram_Hazony" title="Yoram Hazony">Hazony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gertrude_Himmelfarb" title="Gertrude Himmelfarb">Himmelfarb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Hermann_Hoppe" title="Hans-Hermann Hoppe">Hoppe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zora_Neale_Hurston" title="Zora Neale Hurston">Hurston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_V._Jaffa" title="Harry V. Jaffa">Jaffa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willmoore_Kendall" title="Willmoore Kendall">Kendall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Kimball" title="Roger Kimball">Kimball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Kirk" title="Russell Kirk">Kirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeane_Kirkpatrick" title="Jeane Kirkpatrick">Kirkpatrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Kreeft" title="Peter Kreeft">Kreeft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irving_Kristol" title="Irving Kristol">Kristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_von_Kuehnelt-Leddihn" title="Erik von Kuehnelt-Leddihn">Kuehnelt-Leddihn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Lasch" title="Christopher Lasch">Lasch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Lind" title="Michael Lind">Lind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._P._Lovecraft" title="H. P. Lovecraft">Lovecraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Loury" title="Glenn Loury">Loury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lukacs" title="John Lukacs">Lukacs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Mansfield" title="Harvey Mansfield">Mansfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._L._Mencken" title="H. L. Mencken">Mencken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Meyer_(political_philosopher)" title="Frank Meyer (political philosopher)">Meyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Molnar" title="Thomas Molnar">Molnar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Murray_(political_scientist)" title="Charles Murray (political scientist)">Murray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Nisbet" title="Robert Nisbet">Nisbet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Pangle" title="Thomas Pangle">Pangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Crowe_Ransom" title="John Crowe Ransom">Ransom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Rieff" title="Philip Rieff">Rieff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Santayana" title="George Santayana">Santayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Schaeffer" title="Francis Schaeffer">Schaeffer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sowell" title="Thomas Sowell">Sowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Strauss" title="Leo Strauss">Strauss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Viereck" title="Peter Viereck">Viereck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Voegelin" title="Eric Voegelin">Voegelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_M._Weaver" title="Richard M. Weaver">Weaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathaniel_Weyl" title="Nathaniel Weyl">Weyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Wolfe" title="Tom Wolfe">Wolfe</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Politicians</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams">Adams (John)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Quincy_Adams" title="John Quincy Adams">Adams (John Quincy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bolton" title="John Bolton">Bolton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Buchanan" title="Pat Buchanan">Buchanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">Bush (George H. W.)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">Bush (George W.)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Calhoun" title="John C. Calhoun">Calhoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Cheney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Clay" title="Henry Clay">Clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Cleveland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge" title="Calvin Coolidge">Coolidge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">Cruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_DeSantis" title="Ron DeSantis">DeSantis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everett_Dirksen" title="Everett Dirksen">Dirksen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Eisenhower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newt_Gingrich" title="Newt Gingrich">Gingrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater" title="Barry Goldwater">Goldwater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_G._Harding" title="Warren G. Harding">Harding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josh_Hawley" title="Josh Hawley">Hawley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Helms" title="Jesse Helms">Helms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Hoover (Herbert)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Huckabee" title="Mike Huckabee">Huckabee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Jordan" title="Jim Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Cabot_Lodge" title="Henry Cabot Lodge">Lodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clare_Boothe_Luce" title="Clare Boothe Luce">Luce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain">McCain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_McCarthy" title="Joseph McCarthy">McCarthy (Joseph)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">McConnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_McKinley" title="William McKinley">McKinley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin">Palin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">Paul (Rand)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Paul" title="Ron Paul">Paul (Ron)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">Pence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Pierce" title="Franklin Pierce">Pierce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Randolph_of_Roanoke" title="John Randolph of Roanoke">Randolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Reagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney" title="Mitt Romney">Romney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Rubio" title="Marco Rubio">Rubio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Rumsfeld" title="Donald Rumsfeld">Rumsfeld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Ryan" title="Paul Ryan">Ryan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Huckabee_Sanders" title="Sarah Huckabee Sanders">Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Santorum" title="Rick Santorum">Santorum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sherman" title="John Sherman">Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Taft" title="Robert A. Taft">Taft (Robert)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">Taft (William)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Taylor_of_Caroline" title="John Taylor of Caroline">Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strom_Thurmond" title="Strom Thurmond">Thurmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Trump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JD_Vance" title="JD Vance">Vance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Wallace" title="George Wallace">Wallace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Wolfowitz" title="Paul Wolfowitz">Wolfowitz</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Jurists</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Alito" title="Samuel Alito">Alito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Coney_Barrett" title="Amy Coney Barrett">Barrett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bork" title="Robert Bork">Bork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_E._Burger" title="Warren E. Burger">Burger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Colson" title="Charles Colson">Colson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_T._Frelinghuysen" title="Frederick T. Frelinghuysen">Frelinghuysen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_P._George" title="Robert P. George">George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Goldsmith" title="Jack Goldsmith">Goldsmith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Gorsuch" title="Neil Gorsuch">Gorsuch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Marshall_Harlan_II" title="John Marshall Harlan II">Harlan II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">Kavanaugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Kennedy" title="Anthony Kennedy">Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Michael_Luttig" title="J. Michael Luttig">Luttig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Meese" title="Edwin Meese">Meese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandra_Day_O%27Connor" title="Sandra Day O'Connor">O'Connor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alton_B._Parker" title="Alton B. Parker">Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Rehnquist" title="William Rehnquist">Rehnquist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Roberts" title="John Roberts">Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Terry_Sanford" title="Edward Terry Sanford">Sanford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonin_Scalia" title="Antonin Scalia">Scalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Sessions" title="Jeff Sessions">Sessions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Sutherland" title="George Sutherland">Sutherland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">Taft (William)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarence_Thomas" title="Clarence Thomas">Thomas (Clarence)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrian_Vermeule" title="Adrian Vermeule">Vermeule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Evans_Whittaker" title="Charles Evans Whittaker">Whittaker</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Commentators</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sohrab_Ahmari" title="Sohrab Ahmari">Ahmari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Beck" title="Glenn Beck">Beck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Bongino" title="Dan Bongino">Bongino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Breitbart" title="Andrew Breitbart">Breitbart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Buchanan" title="Pat Buchanan">Buchanan (Pat)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_F._Buckley_Jr." title="William F. Buckley Jr.">Buckley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Caldwell_(journalist)" title="Christopher Caldwell (journalist)">Caldwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tucker_Carlson" title="Tucker Carlson">Carlson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oren_Cass" title="Oren Cass">Cass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Chodorov" title="Frank Chodorov">Chodorov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Coulter" title="Ann Coulter">Coulter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinesh_D%27Souza" title="Dinesh D'Souza">D'Souza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Derbyshire" title="John Derbyshire">Derbyshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_DiLorenzo" title="Thomas DiLorenzo">DiLorenzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross_Douthat" title="Ross Douthat">Douthat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rod_Dreher" title="Rod Dreher">Dreher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Elder" title="Larry Elder">Elder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Fleming_(political_writer)" title="Thomas Fleming (political writer)">Fleming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonah_Goldberg" title="Jonah Goldberg">Goldberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Grant_(radio_host)" title="Bob Grant (radio host)">Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alyssa_Farah_Griffin" title="Alyssa Farah Griffin">Griffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_van_den_Haag" title="Ernest van den Haag">Van den Haag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Hannity" title="Sean Hannity">Hannity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Hart" title="Jeffrey Hart">Hart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Hegseth" title="Pete Hegseth">Hegseth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Will_Herberg" title="Will Herberg">Herberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Hoover" title="Margaret Hoover">Hoover (Margaret)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laura_Ingraham" title="Laura Ingraham">Ingraham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Jones" title="Alex Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megyn_Kelly" title="Megyn Kelly">Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Kirk" title="Charlie Kirk">Kirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Knowles_(political_commentator)" title="Michael Knowles (political commentator)">Knowles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Krauthammer" title="Charles Krauthammer">Krauthammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomi_Lahren" title="Tomi Lahren">Lahren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Levin" title="Mark Levin">Levin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rush_Limbaugh" title="Rush Limbaugh">Limbaugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heather_Mac_Donald" title="Heather Mac Donald">Mac Donald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Metaxas" title="Eric Metaxas">Metaxas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_John_Neuhaus" title="Richard John Neuhaus">Neuhaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Ngo" title="Andy Ngo">Ngo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_North" title="Oliver North">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Novak" title="Robert Novak">Novak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_O%27Reilly_(political_commentator)" title="Bill O'Reilly (political commentator)">O'Reilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candace_Owens" title="Candace Owens">Owens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Podhoretz" title="Norman Podhoretz">Podhoretz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Pool" title="Tim Pool">Pool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Portnoy" title="David Portnoy">Portnoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Prager" title="Dennis Prager">Prager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat_Robertson" title="Pat Robertson">Robertson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Shapiro" title="Ben Shapiro">Shapiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amity_Shlaes" title="Amity Shlaes">Shlaes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Sullivan" title="Andrew Sullivan">Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Walsh_(political_commentator)" title="Matt Walsh (political commentator)">Walsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Watters" title="Jesse Watters">Watters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Whittle" title="Bill Whittle">Whittle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Will" title="George Will">Will</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucian_Wintrich" title="Lucian Wintrich">Wintrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Woods" title="Tom Woods">Woods</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Activists</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Abramoff" title="Jack Abramoff">Abramoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Agostinelli" title="Robert Agostinelli">Agostinelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Ahmanson_Jr." title="Howard Ahmanson Jr.">Ahmanson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Andreessen" class="mw-redirect" title="Mark Andreessen">Andreessen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Atwater" title="Lee Atwater">Atwater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Bannon" title="Steve Bannon">Bannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaitlin_Bennett" title="Kaitlin Bennett">Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuri_Bezmenov" title="Yuri Bezmenov">Bezmenov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Blum_(litigant)" title="Edward Blum (litigant)">Edward Blum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._Brent_Bozell_Jr." title="L. Brent Bozell Jr.">Bozell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Cohn" title="Roy Cohn">Cohn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Coors" title="Joseph Coors">Coors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Dans" title="Paul Dans">Dans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Dobson" title="James Dobson">Dobson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terry_Dolan_(activist)" title="Terry Dolan (activist)">Dolan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matt_Drudge" title="Matt Drudge">Drudge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Falwell" title="Jerry Falwell">Falwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Feulner" title="Edwin Feulner">Feulner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brigitte_Gabriel" title="Brigitte Gabriel">Gabriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Horowitz" title="David Horowitz">Horowitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Krikorian_(activist)" title="Mark Krikorian (activist)">Krikorian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Kirk" title="Charlie Kirk">Kirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Kristol" title="Bill Kristol">Kristol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_LaHaye" title="Tim LaHaye">LaHaye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Lindbergh" title="Charles Lindbergh">Lindbergh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Leo" title="Leonard Leo">Leo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McEntee_(political_aide)" title="John McEntee (political aide)">McEntee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebekah_Mercer" title="Rebekah Mercer">Mercer (Rebekah)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Mercer" title="Robert Mercer">Mercer (Robert)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Miller_(political_advisor)" title="Stephen Miller (political advisor)">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rupert_Murdoch" title="Rupert Murdoch">Murdoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elon_Musk" title="Elon Musk">Musk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Views_of_Elon_Musk" title="Views of Elon Musk">Political views</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_O%27Keefe" title="James O'Keefe">O'Keefe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeonmi_Park" title="Yeonmi Park">Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Phillips_(activist)" title="Howard Phillips (activist)">Phillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Prager" title="Dennis Prager">Prager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Reed" title="Ralph Reed">Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Regnery" title="Henry Regnery">Regnery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Roberts_(political_strategist)" title="Kevin Roberts (political strategist)">Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Rove" title="Karl Rove">Rove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Rufo" title="Christopher Rufo">Rufo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_A._Rusher" title="William A. Rusher">Rusher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Mellon_Scaife" title="Richard Mellon Scaife">Scaife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Schlafly" title="Andrew Schlafly">Schlafly (Andrew)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phyllis_Schlafly" title="Phyllis Schlafly">Schlafly (Phyllis)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Stone" title="Roger Stone">Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robby_Starbuck" title="Robby Starbuck">Starbuck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Thiel" title="Peter Thiel">Thiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Viguerie" title="Richard Viguerie">Viguerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginni_Thomas" title="Ginni Thomas">Thomas (Ginni)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Booker_T._Washington" title="Booker T. Washington">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Weyrich" title="Paul Weyrich">Weyrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_E._Wood" title="Robert E. Wood">Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Yenor" title="Scott Yenor">Yenor</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Literature</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Federalist_Papers" title="The Federalist Papers">The Federalist Papers</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1788)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Democracy_in_America" title="Democracy in America">Democracy in America</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1835–1840)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Notes_on_Democracy" title="Notes on Democracy">Notes on Democracy</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1926)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Southern_Agrarians#I'll_Take_My_Stand" title="Southern Agrarians">I'll Take My Stand</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1930)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Our_Enemy,_the_State" title="Our Enemy, the State">Our Enemy, the State</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1935)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Managerial_Revolution" title="The Managerial Revolution">The Managerial Revolution</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1941)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ideas_Have_Consequences" title="Ideas Have Consequences">Ideas Have Consequences</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1948)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/God_and_Man_at_Yale" title="God and Man at Yale">God and Man at Yale</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1951)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Conservative_Mind" title="The Conservative Mind">The Conservative Mind</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1953)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Conscience_of_a_Conservative" title="The Conscience of a Conservative">The Conscience of a Conservative</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1960)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Choice_Not_an_Echo" title="A Choice Not an Echo">A Choice Not an Echo</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1964)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Losing_Ground_(book)" title="Losing Ground (book)">Losing Ground</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1984)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Conflict_of_Visions" title="A Conflict of Visions">A Conflict of Visions</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1987)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Closing_of_the_American_Mind" title="The Closing of the American Mind">The Closing of the American Mind</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1987)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bell_Curve:_Intelligence_and_Class_Structure_in_American_Life" class="mw-redirect" title="The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life">The Bell Curve</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1994)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Revolt_of_the_Elites" title="The Revolt of the Elites">The Revolt of the Elites</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1995)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Death_of_the_West" title="The Death of the West">The Death of the West</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2001)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Blank_Slate" title="The Blank Slate">The Blank Slate</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2002)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Black_Rednecks_and_White_Liberals" title="Black Rednecks and White Liberals">Black Rednecks and White Liberals</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2005)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hillbilly_Elegy" title="Hillbilly Elegy">Hillbilly Elegy</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2017)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Benedict_Option" title="The Benedict Option">The Benedict Option</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2017)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Why_Liberalism_Failed" title="Why Liberalism Failed">Why Liberalism Failed</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2018)</span></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Concerns</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_the_United_States" title="Abortion in the United States">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cancel_culture#American_public_opinion" title="Cancel culture">Cancel Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_war#United_States" title="Culture war">Culture war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_multiculturalism#United_States" title="Criticism of multiculturalism">Multiculturalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disparate_impact#Controversy" title="Disparate impact">"Disparate impact" controversy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020s_controversies_around_critical_race_theory" title="2020s controversies around critical race theory">CRT controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diversity,_equity,_and_inclusion#Criticism_and_controversy" title="Diversity, equity, and inclusion">DEI controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Griggs_v._Duke_Power_Co." title="Griggs v. Duke Power Co.">Griggs v. Duke Power Co.</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higher_education_bubble_in_the_United_States" title="Higher education bubble in the United States">Higher ed. bubble</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Go_woke,_go_broke" title="Go woke, go broke">Go woke, go broke</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Environmental,_social,_and_governance#Criticism" title="Environmental, social, and governance">ESG</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Corporate_sociopolitical_activism#Counter-movement" title="Corporate sociopolitical activism">Woke capitalism</a>"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeschooling#United_States" title="Homeschooling">Homeschooling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_reduction_in_the_United_States" title="Immigration reduction in the United States">Immigration reduction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_the_United_States" title="Illegal immigration to the United States">Illegal immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_immigration_to_the_United_States_and_crime" title="Illegal immigration to the United States and crime">Immigration and crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93United_States_border_crisis" title="Mexico–United States border crisis">Border crisis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelligence_and_public_policy" title="Intelligence and public policy">Intelligence and public policy</a></li> <li>Constitutional interpretations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Originalism" title="Originalism">Originalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textualism" title="Textualism">Textualism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Managerial_state" title="Managerial state">Managerial state</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mudsill_theory" title="Mudsill theory">Mudsill theory</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_keep_and_bear_arms_in_the_United_States" title="Right to keep and bear arms in the United States">Second Amendment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sub-replacement_fertility#United_States" title="Sub-replacement fertility">Sub-replacement fertility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unitary_executive_theory" title="Unitary executive theory">Unitary executive</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Parties</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><b>Active</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Party_(1969)" title="American Party (1969)">American Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Independent_Party" title="American Independent Party">American Independent Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_New_York_State" title="Conservative Party of New York State">Conservative Party of New York State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_Party_(United_States)" title="Constitution Party (United States)">Constitution Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a></li></ul> <p><b>Defunct</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Masonic_Party" title="Anti-Masonic Party">Anti-Masonic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Union_Party_(United_States)" title="Constitutional Union Party (United States)">Constitutional Union Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> (<i>historically, factions</i>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boll_weevil_(politics)" title="Boll weevil (politics)">Boll weevils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourbon_Democrat" title="Bourbon Democrat">Bourbon Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Democrat" title="Conservative Democrat">Conservative Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dixiecrat" title="Dixiecrat">Dixiecrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reagan_Democrats" class="mw-redirect" title="Reagan Democrats">Reagan Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Democrat" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Democrat">Southern Democrats</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorr_Rebellion" title="Dorr Rebellion">Rhode Island Suffrage Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federalist_Party" title="Federalist Party">Federalist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Republican_Party" title="National Republican Party">National Republican Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_American_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Native American Party">Native American Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whig_Party_(United_States)" title="Whig Party (United States)">Whig Party</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Think tanks</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acton_Institute" title="Acton Institute">Acton Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexis_de_Tocqueville_Institution" title="Alexis de Tocqueville Institution">AdTI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Enterprise_Institute" title="American Enterprise Institute">AEI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Security_Policy" title="Center for Security Policy">CSP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_the_National_Interest" title="Center for the National Interest">Center for the National Interest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claremont_Institute" title="Claremont Institute">Claremont Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Competitive_Enterprise_Institute" title="Competitive Enterprise Institute">CEI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Horowitz_Freedom_Center" title="David Horowitz Freedom Center">CSPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethics_and_Public_Policy_Center" title="Ethics and Public Policy Center">EPPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_Research_Institute" title="Family Research Institute">FRI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gatestone_Institute" title="Gatestone Institute">Gatestone Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heartland_Institute" title="Heartland Institute">Heartland Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Heritage_Foundation" title="The Heritage Foundation">The Heritage Foundation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heritage_Action" title="Heritage Action">Heritage Action</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mandate_for_Leadership" title="Mandate for Leadership">Mandate for Leadership</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_2025" title="Project 2025">Project 2025</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoover_Institution" title="Hoover Institution">Hoover Institution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_Institute" title="Hudson Institute">Hudson Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intercollegiate_Studies_Institute" title="Intercollegiate Studies Institute">ISI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Madison_Program_in_American_Ideals_and_Institutions" title="James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions">James Madison Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leadership_Institute" title="Leadership Institute">Leadership Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Institute_for_Policy_Research" title="Manhattan Institute for Policy Research">Manhattan Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mises_Institute" title="Mises Institute">Mises Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Research_Institute" title="Pacific Research Institute">PRI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_for_the_New_American_Century" title="Project for the New American Century">Project for the New American Century</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Defunct)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ripon_Society" title="Ripon Society">Ripon Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R_Street_Institute" title="R Street Institute">R Street Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockford_Institute" title="Rockford Institute">Rockford Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Policy_Network" title="State Policy Network">SPN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutherland_Institute" title="Sutherland Institute">Sutherland Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tax_Foundation" title="Tax Foundation">Tax Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witherspoon_Institute" title="Witherspoon Institute">Witherspoon Institute</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Media</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <p><b>Newspapers</b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dallas_Morning_News" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas Morning News">Dallas Morning News</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Epoch_Times" title="The Epoch Times">The Epoch Times</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire_Union_Leader" title="New Hampshire Union Leader">New Hampshire Union Leader</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Jewish_Voice" title="The Jewish Voice">The Jewish Voice</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Observer" title="The New York Observer">The New York Observer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Post" title="New York Post">New York Post</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Remnant_(newspaper)" title="The Remnant (newspaper)">The Remnant</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Editorial_board_at_The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="Editorial board at The Wall Street Journal">(editorial board)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Times" title="The Washington Times">The Washington Times</a></i></li></ul> <p><b>Journals</b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/American_Affairs" title="American Affairs">American Affairs</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_American_Conservative" title="The American Conservative">The American Conservative</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_American_Spectator" title="The American Spectator">The American Spectator</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/American_Thinker" title="American Thinker">American Thinker</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/City_Journal" title="City Journal">City Journal</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Claremont_Review_of_Books" title="Claremont Review of Books">Claremont Review of Books</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Commentary_(magazine)" title="Commentary (magazine)">Commentary</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Compact_(American_magazine)" title="Compact (American magazine)">Compact</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chronicles_(magazine)" title="Chronicles (magazine)">Chronicles</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dispatch" title="The Dispatch">The Dispatch</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/First_Things" title="First Things">First Things</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Imaginative_Conservative" title="The Imaginative Conservative">The Imaginative Conservative</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jewish_World_Review" title="Jewish World Review">Jewish World Review</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Modern_Age_(periodical)" title="Modern Age (periodical)">Modern Age</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/National_Affairs" title="National Affairs">National Affairs</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_National_Interest" title="The National Interest">The National Interest</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/National_Review" title="National Review">National Review</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_American" title="The New American">The New American</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Atlantis_(journal)" title="The New Atlantis (journal)">The New Atlantis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Criterion" title="The New Criterion">The New Criterion</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Policy_Review" title="Policy Review">Policy Review</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(defunct)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Public_Discourse" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Discourse">Public Discourse</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Southern_Partisan" title="Southern Partisan">Southern Partisan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Spectator_USA" class="mw-redirect" title="Spectator USA">Spectator USA</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tablet_(magazine)" title="Tablet (magazine)">Tablet</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Taki%27s_Magazine" title="Taki's Magazine">Taki's Magazine</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Telos_(journal)" title="Telos (journal)">Telos</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Washington_Examiner" title="Washington Examiner">Washington Examiner</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Weekly_Standard" title="The Weekly Standard">The Weekly Standard</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(defunct)</span></li></ul> <p><b>TV channels</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Broadcasting_Network" title="Christian Broadcasting Network">CBN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_Business" title="Fox Business">Fox Business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_News" title="Fox News">Fox News</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newsmax_TV" title="Newsmax TV">Newsmax TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_America_News_Network" title="One America News Network">One America News Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VOZ_(media_company)" title="VOZ (media company)">VOZ</a></li></ul> <p><b>Websites</b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Babylon_Bee" title="The Babylon Bee">Babylon Bee</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Breitbart_News" title="Breitbart News">Breitbart News</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bulwark_(website)" title="The Bulwark (website)">The Bulwark</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Campus_Reform" title="Campus Reform">Campus Reform</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Center_Square" title="The Center Square">The Center Square</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Review" title="Conservative Review">Conservative Review</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Caller" title="The Daily Caller">Daily Caller</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Signal" title="The Daily Signal">Daily Signal</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Wire" title="The Daily Wire">Daily Wire</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Discover_the_Networks" title="Discover the Networks">Discover the Networks</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Federalist_(website)" title="The Federalist (website)">The Federalist</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/FrontPage_Magazine" title="FrontPage Magazine">FrontPage Magazine</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Front_Porch_Republic" title="Front Porch Republic">Front Porch Republic</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Gateway_Pundit" title="The Gateway Pundit">Gateway Pundit</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hot_Air" title="Hot Air">Hot Air</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Human_Events" title="Human Events">Human Events</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Independent_Journal_Review" title="Independent Journal Review">Independent Journal Review</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/InfoWars" title="InfoWars">InfoWars</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jihad_Watch" title="Jihad Watch">Jihad Watch</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/LifeZette" title="LifeZette">LifeZette</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/NewsBusters" class="mw-redirect" title="NewsBusters">NewsBusters</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/PJ_Media" title="PJ Media">PJ Media</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rare_(website)" title="Rare (website)">Rare</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/RedState" title="RedState">RedState</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dispatch" title="The Dispatch">The Dispatch</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Townhall" title="Townhall">Townhall</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Twitchy" title="Twitchy">Twitchy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Washington_Examiner" title="Washington Examiner">Washington Examiner</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Free_Beacon" title="The Washington Free Beacon">The Washington Free Beacon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Western_Journal" title="The Western Journal">The Western Journal</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/WorldNetDaily" title="WorldNetDaily">WorldNetDaily</a></i></li></ul> <p><b>Other</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blaze_Media" title="Blaze Media">Blaze Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encounter_Books" title="Encounter Books">Encounter Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evie_Magazine" title="Evie Magazine">Evie Magazine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_First_TV" title="The First TV">The First</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Imprimis" title="Imprimis">Imprimis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Political_Cesspool" title="The Political Cesspool">The Political Cesspool</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passage_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Passage Publishing">Passage Publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PragerU" title="PragerU">PragerU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RealClearPolitics" title="RealClearPolitics">RealClearPolitics</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Red_Scare_(podcast)" title="Red Scare (podcast)">Red Scare</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regnery_Publishing" title="Regnery Publishing">Regnery Publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_Side_Broadcasting_Network" title="Right Side Broadcasting Network">RSBN</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rubin_Report" title="The Rubin Report">The Rubin Report</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinclair_Broadcast_Group" title="Sinclair Broadcast Group">Sinclair Broadcast Group</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Other organizations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <p><b>Economics</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Americans_for_Tax_Reform" title="Americans for Tax Reform">ATR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Club_for_Growth" title="Club for Growth">Club for Growth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FreedomWorks" title="FreedomWorks">FreedomWorks</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(defunct)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Federation_of_Independent_Business" title="National Federation of Independent Business">NFIB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Taxpayers_Union" title="National Taxpayers Union">NTU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_Party_Patriots" title="Tea Party Patriots">Tea Party Patriots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Chamber_of_Commerce" title="United States Chamber of Commerce">USCC</a></li></ul> <p><b>Gun rights</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gun_Owners_of_America" title="Gun Owners of America">GOA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Association_for_Gun_Rights" title="National Association for Gun Rights">NAGR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Rifle_Association" title="National Rifle Association">NRA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Amendment_Caucus" title="Second Amendment Caucus">Second Amendment Caucus</a></li></ul> <p><b>Identity politics</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ACT_for_America" title="ACT for America"><i>ACT!</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concerned_Women_for_America" title="Concerned Women for America">CWA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Conservative_Citizens" title="Council of Conservative Citizens">Council of Conservative Citizens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gays_Against_Groomers" title="Gays Against Groomers">GAG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Women%27s_Forum" title="Independent Women's Forum">IWF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Log_Cabin_Republicans" title="Log Cabin Republicans">LCR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moms_for_Liberty" title="Moms for Liberty">Moms for Liberty</a></li></ul> <p><b>Nativist</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Immigration_Studies" title="Center for Immigration Studies">CIS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federation_for_American_Immigration_Reform" title="Federation for American Immigration Reform">FAIR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_Restriction_League" title="Immigration Restriction League">Immigration Restriction League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NumbersUSA" title="NumbersUSA">NumbersUSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oath_Keepers" title="Oath Keepers">Oath Keepers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Percenters" title="Three Percenters">Three Percenters</a></li></ul> <p><b>Religion</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_Defending_Freedom" title="Alliance Defending Freedom">ADF</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_court_cases_involving_Alliance_Defending_Freedom" title="List of court cases involving Alliance Defending Freedom">Court cases</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Center_for_Law_%26_Justice" title="American Center for Law & Justice">ACLJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Family_Association" title="American Family Association">AFA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Society_for_the_Defense_of_Tradition,_Family_and_Property" title="American Society for the Defense of Tradition, Family and Property">The American TFP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalcedon_Foundation" title="Chalcedon Foundation">Chalcedon Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Coalition_of_America" title="Christian Coalition of America">CCA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Voice_(United_States)" title="Christian Voice (United States)">Christian Voice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eagle_Forum" title="Eagle Forum">Eagle Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_Research_Council" title="Family Research Council">FCR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Fellowship_(Christian_organization)" title="The Fellowship (Christian organization)">The Fellowship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faith_and_Freedom_Coalition" title="Faith and Freedom Coalition">FFC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focus_on_the_Family" title="Focus on the Family">Focus on the Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foundation_for_Moral_Law" title="Foundation for Moral Law">Foundation for Moral Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Counsel" title="Liberty Counsel">Liberty Counsel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moral_Majority" title="Moral Majority">Moral Majority</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(defunct)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Organization_for_Marriage" title="National Organization for Marriage">NOM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Right_to_Life_Committee" title="National Right to Life Committee">NRLC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parents_Television_and_Media_Council" title="Parents Television and Media Council">PTMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_B._Anthony_Pro-Life_America" title="Susan B. Anthony Pro-Life America">Susan B. Anthony Pro-Life America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_More_Law_Center" title="Thomas More Law Center">Thomas More Law Center</a></li></ul> <p><b>Watchdog groups</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accuracy_in_Media" title="Accuracy in Media">AIM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Econ_Journal_Watch" title="Econ Journal Watch">Econ Journal Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_News_Foundation" title="Franklin News Foundation">Franklin News Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_Watch" title="Judicial Watch">JW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_Research_Center" title="Media Research Center">MRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%27Keefe_Media_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="O'Keefe Media Group">O'Keefe Media Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Veritas" title="Project Veritas">Project Veritas</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(defunct)</span></li></ul> <p><b>Youth/student groups</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Journalism_Center" title="National Journalism Center">NJC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turning_Point_USA" title="Turning Point USA">TPUSA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Americans_for_Freedom" title="Young Americans for Freedom">Young Americans for Freedom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_America%27s_Foundation" title="Young America's Foundation">Young America's Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Americans_for_Liberty" title="Young Americans for Liberty">YAL</a></li></ul> <p><b>Miscellaneous</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_85_Fund" title="The 85 Fund">The 85 Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Hamilton_Institute_for_the_Study_of_Western_Civilization" title="Alexander Hamilton Institute for the Study of Western Civilization">AHI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Conservative_Union" title="American Conservative Union">ACU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bradley_Foundation" title="Bradley Foundation">Bradley Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Conservative_Caucus" title="The Conservative Caucus">TCC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_for_National_Policy" title="Council for National Policy">CNP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Political_Action_Conference" title="Conservative Political Action Conference">CPAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Caucus" title="Freedom Caucus">Freedom Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillsdale_College" title="Hillsdale College">Hillsdale College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idaho_Freedom_Foundation" title="Idaho Freedom Foundation">IFF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Birch_Society" title="John Birch Society">JBS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Olin_Foundation" title="John M. Olin Foundation">John M. Olin Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Fund" title="Liberty Fund">Liberty Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_University" title="Liberty University">LU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_Scholars" title="National Association of Scholars">NAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Society" title="Philadelphia Society">Philadelphia Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regent_University" title="Regent University">Regent University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Study_Committee" title="Republican Study Committee">RSC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Kirk_Center_for_Cultural_Renewal" title="Russell Kirk Center for Cultural Renewal">Russell Kirk Center for Cultural Renewal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Public_Policy_Foundation" title="Texas Public Policy Foundation">TPPF</a></li></ul> <p><b>Other</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/America_First_Legal" title="America First Legal">AFL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_Network" title="Atlas Network">Atlas Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collegiate_Network" title="Collegiate Network">CN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ConservAmerica" title="ConservAmerica">ConservAmerica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donors_Trust" title="Donors Trust">Donors Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federalist_Society" title="Federalist Society">FedSoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gab_(social_network)" title="Gab (social network)">Gab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gettr" title="Gettr">Gettr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Conservative_Political_Action_Committee" title="National Conservative Political Action Committee">NCPAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Justice_Institute" title="Pacific Justice Institute">PJI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parler" title="Parler">Parler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Main_Street_Partnership" title="Republican Main Street Partnership">Republican Main Street Partnership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Right_Stuff_(app)" title="The Right Stuff (app)">The Right Stuff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_for_American_Civic_Renewal" title="Society for American Civic Renewal">SACR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Republicans" title="Young Republicans">YRNF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziklag_(organization)" title="Ziklag (organization)">Ziklag</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Movements</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asian_American_and_Pacific_Islands_American_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Asian American and Pacific Islands American conservatism in the United States">Asian and Pacific Islander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Black conservatism in the United States">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_right" title="Christian right">Christian right</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_reconstructionism#Influence_on_the_Christian_right_in_general" title="Christian reconstructionism">Reconstructionism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_education_movement" title="Classical education movement">Classical education movement</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Paideia" title="Paideia">Paideia</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_Enlightenment" title="Dark Enlightenment">Dark Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Women in conservatism in the United States">Female</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_conservatism#United_States" title="Green conservatism">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Hispanic and Latino conservatism in the United States">Hispanic and Latino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_conservatism_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT conservatism in the United States">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Republican" title="Libertarian Republican">Libertarian republicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_militia_movement" title="American militia movement">Militia movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchism_in_the_United_States" title="Monarchism in the United States">Monarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints_and_politics_in_the_United_States" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and politics in the United States">Mormon</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/White_Horse_Prophecy" title="White Horse Prophecy">White Horse Prophecy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Theodemocracy" title="Theodemocracy">Theodemocracy</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parental_rights_movement" title="Parental rights movement">Parental rights movement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fathers%27_rights_movement" title="Fathers' rights movement">Fathers' rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriot_movement" title="Patriot movement">Patriot movement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Patriot_movement" title="Christian Patriot movement">Christian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radical_right_(United_States)" title="Radical right (United States)">Radical right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reactionary_feminism" title="Reactionary feminism">Reactionary feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right-libertarianism#United_States" title="Right-libertarianism">Right-libertarianism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paleolibertarianism" title="Paleolibertarianism">Paleolibertarianism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secession_in_the_United_States" title="Secession in the United States">Secessionism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Confederates" title="Neo-Confederates">Neo-Confederates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_secession_movements" title="Texas secession movements">in Texas</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trumpism" title="Trumpism">Trumpism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Never_Trump_movement" title="Never Trump movement">Never Trump</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B0161E; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Related</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agenda_47" title="Agenda 47">Agenda 47</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/America_First_(policy)" title="America First (policy)">America First</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Bibliography of conservatism in the United States">Bibliography of US conservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_talk_radio" title="Conservative talk radio">Conservative talk radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunning_School" title="Dunning School">Dunning School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Factions_in_the_Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Factions in the Republican Party (United States)">GOP factions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="History of conservatism in the United States">History of US conservatism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_modern_American_conservatism" title="Timeline of modern American conservatism">Modern timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_conservatives" title="List of American conservatives">List of American conservatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Conservatism_Conference" title="National Conservatism Conference">NatCon</a></li> <li>Colloquialisms <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Barstool_conservatism" title="Barstool conservatism">Barstool conservatism</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Cuckservative" title="Cuckservative">Cuckservative</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Don%27t_immanentize_the_eschaton!" class="mw-redirect" title="Don't immanentize the eschaton!">Don't immanentize the eschaton!</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Republicans_pounce" title="Republicans pounce">Republicans pounce</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Republican_in_Name_Only" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican in Name Only">RINO</a></i></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/South_Park_Republican" title="South Park Republican"><i>South Park</i> Republican</a>"</li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="padding-bottom:0.22em; border-top:1px solid #AAA; border-bottom:1px solid #AAA"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/15px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/22px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/30px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="249" data-file-height="268" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Conservatism" title="Portal:Conservatism">Conservatism portal</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/16px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/24px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States portal</a></span></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Conservatism_US" title="Template:Conservatism US"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Conservatism_US" title="Template talk:Conservatism US"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Conservatism_US" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Conservatism US"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Obama">Obama</h4></div> <p>As the leading Republican senator, McConnell confronted and pressured other Republican senators who were willing to negotiate with Democrats and the Obama administration.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/Purdue_University" title="Purdue University">Purdue University</a> political scientist Bert A. Rockman, "pure party line voting has been evident now for some time ... but rarely has the tactic of 'oppositionism' been so boldly stated as McConnell did."<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Texas">University of Texas</a> legal scholar <a href="/wiki/Sanford_Levinson" title="Sanford Levinson">Sanford Levinson</a>, McConnell learned that obstruction and Republican unity were the optimal ways to ensure Republican gains in upcoming elections after he observed how Democratic cooperation with the Bush administration on <a href="/wiki/No_Child_Left_Behind" class="mw-redirect" title="No Child Left Behind">No Child Left Behind</a> and <a href="/wiki/Medicare_Part_D" title="Medicare Part D">Medicare Part D</a> helped Bush's <a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_presidential_election" title="2004 United States presidential election">2004 reelection</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Levinson-2012_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Levinson-2012-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Levinson noted, "McConnell altogether rationally ... concluded that Republicans have nothing to gain, as a political party, from collaborating in anything that the president could then claim as an achievement."<sup id="cite_ref-Levinson-2012_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Levinson-2012-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A number of political scientists, historians, and legal scholars have characterized McConnell's obstructionism and <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_hardball" title="Constitutional hardball">constitutional hardball</a> as contributors to democratic erosion in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Levitsky-2018_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Levitsky-2018-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mann-2017_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mann-2017-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mounk-2018_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mounk-2018-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2010, McConnell said, "the single most important thing we want to achieve is for President Obama to be a one-term president." Asked whether this meant "endless, or at least frequent, confrontation with the president", McConnell said, "if [Obama is] willing to meet us halfway on some of the biggest issues, it's not inappropriate for us to do business with him."<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to political scientists Jacob Hacker and Paul Pierson, "Facing off against Obama, [McConnell] worked to deny even minimal Republican support for major presidential initiatives—initiatives that were, as a rule, in keeping with the moderate model of decades past, and often with moderate Republican stances of a few years past."<sup id="cite_ref-amnesia_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-amnesia-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> wrote early in Obama's administration that "on the major issues—not just health care, but financial regulation and the economic stimulus package, among others—Mr. McConnell has held Republican defections to somewhere between minimal and nonexistent, allowing him to slow the Democratic agenda if not defeat aspects of it."<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Republican caucus threatened repeatedly to force the United States to default on its debt, McConnell saying he had learned from the <a href="/wiki/United_States_debt-ceiling_crisis_of_2011" class="mw-redirect" title="United States debt-ceiling crisis of 2011">2011 debt-ceiling crisis</a> that "it's a hostage that's worth ransoming".<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Fishkin-2018_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fishkin-2018-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>McConnell worked to delay and obstruct <a href="/wiki/Affordable_Care_Act" title="Affordable Care Act">health care reform</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dodd%E2%80%93Frank_Wall_Street_Reform_and_Consumer_Protection_Act" title="Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act">banking reform</a>, two of the most notable pieces of legislation that Democrats navigated through Congress early in Obama's tenure.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Schickler-2011_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schickler-2011-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Political scientists noted that "by slowing action even on measures supported by many Republicans, McConnell capitalized on the scarcity of floor time, forcing Democratic leaders into difficult trade-offs concerning which measures were worth pursuing. ... Slowing the Senate's ability to process even routine measures limited the sheer volume of liberal bills that could be adopted."<sup id="cite_ref-Schickler-2011_66-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schickler-2011-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Use_of_the_filibuster">Use of the filibuster</h5></div> <p>One of McConnell's most common tactics as minority leader to delay or obstruct legislation and judicial appointments was the <a href="/wiki/Filibuster_in_the_United_States_Senate" title="Filibuster in the United States Senate">filibuster</a>. A filibuster is an attempt to "talk a bill to death", forcing Senate leadership to abandon a proposed measure instead of waiting out the filibuster―or at least to delay the measure's passage. In the Senate, any senator may speak for unlimited duration unless a 60-person majority votes to invoke <a href="/wiki/Cloture" title="Cloture">cloture</a>, or end debate, and proceed to a final vote. Political scientists have referred to McConnell's use of the filibuster as "<a href="/wiki/Constitutional_hardball" title="Constitutional hardball">constitutional hardball</a>", referring to the misuse of procedural tools in a way that undermines democracy.<sup id="cite_ref-amnesia_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-amnesia-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Fishkin-2018_64-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fishkin-2018-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Levitsky-2018_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Levitsky-2018-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Political scientists Hacker and Pierson describe the rationale behind McConnell's filibusters: "Filibusters left no fingerprints. When voters heard that legislation had been 'defeated', journalists rarely highlighted that this defeat meant a minority had blocked a majority. Not only did this strategy produce an atmosphere of gridlock and dysfunction; it also chewed up the Senate calendar, restricting the range of issues on which Democrats could progress."<sup id="cite_ref-amnesia_61-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-amnesia-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2013, Senate Majority Leader <a href="/wiki/Harry_Reid" title="Harry Reid">Harry Reid</a> <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_option" title="Nuclear option">eliminated the filibuster</a> for all presidential nominations except the Supreme Court. By that time, nearly half of all votes to invoke cloture in the history of the Senate had occurred during Obama's presidency.<sup id="cite_ref-Mann-2017_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mann-2017-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2017, Senate Republicans led by McConnell eliminated the filibuster for Supreme Court nominations in order to end debate on the nomination of <a href="/wiki/Neil_Gorsuch" title="Neil Gorsuch">Neil Gorsuch</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 2019, McConnell wrote an editorial for <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> strongly opposing the elimination of the filibuster on legislation.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Trump">Trump</h4></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Trump,_Pence,_Ryan,_McConnell_celebrate_tax_cut_passage.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Trump%2C_Pence%2C_Ryan%2C_McConnell_celebrate_tax_cut_passage.jpg/220px-Trump%2C_Pence%2C_Ryan%2C_McConnell_celebrate_tax_cut_passage.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Trump%2C_Pence%2C_Ryan%2C_McConnell_celebrate_tax_cut_passage.jpg/330px-Trump%2C_Pence%2C_Ryan%2C_McConnell_celebrate_tax_cut_passage.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Trump%2C_Pence%2C_Ryan%2C_McConnell_celebrate_tax_cut_passage.jpg/440px-Trump%2C_Pence%2C_Ryan%2C_McConnell_celebrate_tax_cut_passage.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6393" data-file-height="4262" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">Mike Pence</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Ryan" title="Paul Ryan">Paul Ryan</a>, and McConnell celebrate the passage of the <a href="/wiki/Tax_Cuts_and_Jobs_Act_of_2017" class="mw-redirect" title="Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017">Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017</a>, December 2017.</figcaption></figure> <p>McConnell initially endorsed fellow Kentucky senator <a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">Rand Paul</a> for president in 2016. Paul withdrew from the race after the Iowa caucuses, and McConnell endorsed presumptive nominee <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> on May 4, 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But McConnell disagreed with Trump on many occasions. In May 2016, after Trump suggested that federal judge <a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_P._Curiel" title="Gonzalo P. Curiel">Gonzalo P. Curiel</a> was biased against Trump because of his <a href="/wiki/Mexican-American" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexican-American">Mexican heritage</a>, McConnell said: "I don't agree with what [Trump] had to say. This is a man who was born in Indiana. All of us came here from somewhere else." In July 2016, after Trump criticized the parents of <a href="/wiki/Humayun_Khan_(soldier)" title="Humayun Khan (soldier)">Humayun Khan</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Muslim-American" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim-American">Muslim-American</a> soldier who was killed in Iraq, McConnell said, "All Americans should value the patriotic service of the patriots who volunteer to selflessly defend us in the armed services." On October 7, 2016, following the <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_Access_Hollywood_controversy" class="mw-redirect" title="Donald Trump Access Hollywood controversy">Donald Trump <i>Access Hollywood</i> controversy</a>, McConnell said, "As the father of three daughters, I strongly believe that Trump needs to apologize directly to women and girls everywhere, and take full responsibility for the utter lack of respect for women shown in his comments on that tape."<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In private, McConnell reportedly expresses disdain for Trump<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and "abhors" his behavior.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2017, White House chief strategist <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Bannon" class="mw-redirect" title="Stephen Bannon">Stephen Bannon</a> and other Trump allies blamed McConnell for stalling the Trump administration's legislation. In response, McConnell cited <a href="/wiki/Neil_Gorsuch" title="Neil Gorsuch">Neil Gorsuch</a>'s confirmation to the Supreme Court to show that the Senate supported Trump's agenda.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> defeated Trump in the 2020 election, McConnell at first refused to recognize Biden as the winner.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nyt2020Election_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt2020Election-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his public statements, McConnell did not repeat any of Trump's false claims of voter fraud, but did not contradict them, ignoring questions about evidence and instead arguing that Trump had the right to challenge the results.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt2020Election_78-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt2020Election-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-politico2020Election_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-politico2020Election-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the same time that McConnell refused to recognize Biden, he celebrated Republicans who won their Senate and House races in the same elections.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt2020Election_78-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt2020Election-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-politico2020Election_80-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-politico2020Election-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On December 15, the day after the electoral college vote, McConnell reversed his stance and publicly acknowledged Biden's win, saying, "Today, I want to congratulate President-elect Joe Biden."<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On January 6, during the <a href="/wiki/2021_United_States_Electoral_College_vote_count" title="2021 United States Electoral College vote count">Electoral College vote count</a>, McConnell spoke out against the <a href="/wiki/Attempts_to_overturn_the_2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election">efforts of Trump and his allies to overturn the election</a>: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Trump claims the election was stolen. The assertions range from specific local allegations to constitutional arguments to sweeping conspiracy theories ... nothing before us proves illegality anywhere near the massive scale—the massive scale—that would have tipped the entire election. ... If this election were overturned by mere allegations from the losing side, our democracy would enter a death spiral. We'd never see the whole nation accept an election again. Every four years would be a scramble for power at any cost.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Later that day, he described the <a href="/wiki/January_6_United_States_Capitol_attack" title="January 6 United States Capitol attack">storming of the Capitol building</a> (which occurred while the Electoral College votes were being counted) as a "failed insurrection" that "tried to disrupt our democracy".<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On April 10, 2021, Trump called McConnell a "dumb son of a bitch". Trump added: "I hired his wife. Did he ever say thank you?"<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Trump has continued to attack McConnell in personal terms since then, but McConnell has not responded publicly.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="First_impeachment">First impeachment</h5></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/First_impeachment_of_Donald_Trump" title="First impeachment of Donald Trump">First impeachment of Donald Trump</a></div> <p>On November 5, 2019, as the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a> began public hearings on the impeachment of President Trump, McConnell said, "I'm pretty sure how [an impeachment trial is] likely to end. ... If it were today, I don't think there's any question. It would not lead to a removal."<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On December 14, 2019, McConnell met with White House counsel <a href="/wiki/Pat_Cipollone" title="Pat Cipollone">Pat Cipollone</a> and White House legislative affairs director <a href="/wiki/Eric_Ueland" title="Eric Ueland">Eric Ueland</a>. Later that day, he said that for Trump's impeachment trial, he would be in "total coordination with the White House counsel's office" and Trump's representatives.<sup id="cite_ref-dictatetrial_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dictatetrial-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also said there was "no chance" the Senate would convict Trump and remove him from office.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On December 17, 2019, McConnell rejected a request to call four witnesses for Trump's impeachment trial because, according to McConnell, the Senate's role was to "act as judge and jury", not to investigate. Later that day, McConnell told the media: "I'm not an impartial juror [in this impeachment trial]. This is a political process. There's not anything judicial about it."<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After Trump's acquittal, McConnell was noted for his ability to block witnesses, to secure Trump's acquittal, and to maintain party unity during the impeachment process. Commentators noted that he had kept Republican senators "marching in lockstep" throughout the process.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Second_impeachment">Second impeachment</h5></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Second_impeachment_of_Donald_Trump" title="Second impeachment of Donald Trump">Second impeachment of Donald Trump</a></div> <p>On January 12, 2021, it was reported that McConnell supported impeaching Trump for his role in inciting the 2021 storming of the United States Capitol, believing it would make it easier for Republicans to purge the party of Trump and rebuild the party.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On January 13, despite having the authority to call for an emergency meeting of the Senate to hold the Senate trial,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag failed verification of its source citation(s). (April 2021)">failed verification</span></a></i>]</sup> McConnell did not reconvene the chamber, claiming unanimous consent was required.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He called for delaying the Senate trial until after Biden's inauguration.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Once the Senate trial started, McConnell voted to acquit Trump on February 13, 2021, saying it was unconstitutional to convict a president who was no longer in office.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The vote to convict was a bipartisan majority (<a href="/wiki/Second_impeachment_trial_of_Donald_Trump#Verdict" title="Second impeachment trial of Donald Trump">57–43</a>) but not enough to pass the two-thirds threshold.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the vote, McConnell lambasted and condemned Trump in a 20-minute speech on the Senate floor, saying he believed Trump was guilty of everything the House managers alleged.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He said: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Former President Trump's actions preceding the riot were a disgraceful dereliction of duty ... There is no question that President Trump is practically and morally responsible for provoking the events of that day ... If President Trump were still in office, I would have carefully considered whether the House managers proved their specific charge.<sup id="cite_ref-republicanleader.senate.gov_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-republicanleader.senate.gov-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>He explained why he nonetheless voted to acquit: "Article II, Section 4 must have force. It tells us the President, Vice President, and civil officers may be impeached and convicted. Donald Trump is no longer the president. Clearly that mandatory sentence cannot be applied to somebody who has left office. The entire process revolves around removal. If removal becomes impossible, conviction becomes insensible." Yet he said that Trump "didn't get away with anything yet" since Trump would remain subject to the country's criminal and civil laws.<sup id="cite_ref-republicanleader.senate.gov_105-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-republicanleader.senate.gov-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When there was a proposal for an independent <a href="/wiki/January_6_commission" title="January 6 commission">commission to investigate the January 6 United States Capitol attack</a>, McConnell sought to organize Republican senators to filibuster it,<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and on May 28, 2021, he voted against its creation.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Biden">Biden</h4></div> <p>McConnell's relationship with the Biden administration has been portrayed in media as one of comity. Biden has described McConnell as "a friend, colleague and 'man of his word.'" McConnell has praised bipartisan legislation they worked on together, and was the only Republican to attend the 2015 funeral of Biden's son <a href="/wiki/Beau_Biden" title="Beau Biden">Beau Biden</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2021, McConnell helped pass a bill that extended the <a href="/wiki/United_States_debt_ceiling" title="United States debt ceiling">debt ceiling</a>. He convinced 11 Republicans to vote with the Democrats for it, without which the United States would have defaulted on its debts.<sup id="cite_ref-BBCdebt21_109-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBCdebt21-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Judicial_nominees">Judicial nominees</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Under_Obama">Under Obama</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama_Supreme_Court_candidates" title="Barack Obama Supreme Court candidates">Barack Obama Supreme Court candidates</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama_judicial_appointment_controversies" title="Barack Obama judicial appointment controversies">Barack Obama judicial appointment controversies</a></div> <p>Throughout Obama's tenure, McConnell led Senate Republicans in what has been called "a disciplined, sustained, at times underhanded campaign to deny the Democratic president the opportunity to appoint federal judges".<sup id="cite_ref-McRemake_110-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McRemake-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 2009, after Obama nominated <a href="/wiki/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a> as associate justice, McConnell and <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Sessions" title="Jeff Sessions">Jeff Sessions</a> opined that Sotomayor's 17 years as a federal judge and over 3,600 judicial opinions would require lengthy review and advocated against Democrats hastening the confirmation process.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On July 17, McConnell announced that he would vote against Sotomayor's confirmation.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August, McConnell called Sotomayor "a fine person with an impressive story and a distinguished background" but said he did not believe she would withhold her personal or political views while serving as a justice. Sotomayor was confirmed days later.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 2010, after President Obama nominated <a href="/wiki/Elena_Kagan" title="Elena Kagan">Elena Kagan</a> to succeed the retiring <a href="/wiki/John_Paul_Stevens" title="John Paul Stevens">John Paul Stevens</a>, McConnell said in a Senate speech that Americans wanted to make sure Kagan would be independent of influence from White House as an associate justice and noted that Obama called Kagan a friend of his in announcing her nomination.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McConnell announced his opposition to Kagan's confirmation, saying she was not forthcoming enough about her "views on basic principles of American constitutional law".<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kagan was confirmed the next month.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2014, Republicans gained control of the Senate, and McConnell became majority leader; he used his new power to start what was considered "a near blockade" of Obama's judicial appointments. According to <i>The New York Times</i>, Obama's final two years as president saw 18 district court judges and one appeals court judge confirmed, the fewest since President <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a>. In comparison, the final two years of the presidencies of <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> had between 55 and 70 district court judges each confirmed and between 10 and 15 appeals court judges confirmed.<sup id="cite_ref-McRemake_110-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McRemake-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>Los Angeles Times</i> wrote that McConnell brought about an "extraordinary two-year slowdown in judicial confirmations", detailing 22 confirmations of Obama's judicial nominees, the lowest since Truman in 1951–1952. The number of federal judicial vacancies at the end of Obama's term was more than twice the number at the end of George W. Bush's term.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a 2019 interview, McConnell credited himself for the large number of judicial vacancies created in the last two years of Obama's presidency.<sup id="cite_ref-dictatetrial_90-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dictatetrial-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On February 13, 2016, Supreme Court justice <a href="/wiki/Antonin_Scalia" title="Antonin Scalia">Antonin Scalia</a> died.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shortly thereafter, McConnell issued a statement indicating that the Senate would not consider any Supreme Court nominee Obama put forth.<sup id="cite_ref-Homans-2019_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Homans-2019-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-politico160213_120-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-politico160213-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "The American people should have a voice in the selection of their next Supreme Court justice. Therefore, this vacancy should not be filled until we have a new president", McConnell said.<sup id="cite_ref-politico160213_120-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-politico160213-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On March 16, 2016, Obama nominated <a href="/wiki/Merrick_Garland" title="Merrick Garland">Merrick Garland</a>, a Judge of the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals, to the Supreme Court.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under McConnell's direction, Senate Republicans refused to take any action on the nomination.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Garland's nomination expired on January 3, 2017, with the end of the <a href="/wiki/114th_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="114th Congress">114th Congress</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In an August 2016 speech in Kentucky, McConnell said, "one of my proudest moments was when I looked Barack Obama in the eye and I said, 'Mr. President, you will not fill the Supreme Court vacancy.'"<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2018, McConnell said the decision not to act on Garland's nomination was "the most consequential decision I've made in my entire public career".<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Political scientists and legal scholars called McConnell's refusal to hold Senate hearings on Garland "unprecedented",<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a "culmination of [his] confrontational style",<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a "blatant abuse of constitutional norms",<sup id="cite_ref-Mounk-2018_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mounk-2018-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a "classic example of constitutional hardball".<sup id="cite_ref-Fishkin-2018_64-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fishkin-2018-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Under_Trump">Under Trump</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_Supreme_Court_candidates" title="Donald Trump Supreme Court candidates">Donald Trump Supreme Court candidates</a> and <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_judicial_appointment_controversies" title="Donald Trump judicial appointment controversies">Donald Trump judicial appointment controversies</a></div> <p>In January 2017, President Trump nominated Neil Gorsuch to fill the Supreme Court vacancy left after Scalia's death.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gorsuch's nomination was confirmed on April 7, 2017, after McConnell eliminated the filibuster on Supreme Court nominees.<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On July 18, 2018, with <a href="/wiki/Andy_Oldham" class="mw-redirect" title="Andy Oldham">Andy Oldham</a>'s Senate confirmation, Senate Republicans broke a record for largest number of <a href="/wiki/Appeals_court" class="mw-redirect" title="Appeals court">appeals court</a> judiciary <a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of federal judges appointed by Donald Trump">confirmations during a president's first two years</a>; Oldham became the 23rd appeals court judge confirmed in Trump's term.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McConnell said he considers the judiciary to be the item of Trump's first two years with the longest-lasting impact on the country. The record for the number of <a href="/wiki/Circuit_court" title="Circuit court">circuit court</a> judges confirmed during a president's first year was broken in 2017, while the previous two-year record of 22 confirmations took place under President <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By March 2020, McConnell had contacted an unknown number of judges, encouraging them to retire before the 2020 election.<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He confirmed <a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of federal judges appointed by Donald Trump">260</a> federal judges during Trump's four-year term, <a href="/wiki/Judicial_appointment_history_for_United_States_federal_courts" title="Judicial appointment history for United States federal courts">shifting the federal judiciary</a> to the right. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mitch_McConnell_meets_with_Brett_Kavanaugh_and_Mike_Pence.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Mitch_McConnell_meets_with_Brett_Kavanaugh_and_Mike_Pence.jpg/220px-Mitch_McConnell_meets_with_Brett_Kavanaugh_and_Mike_Pence.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Mitch_McConnell_meets_with_Brett_Kavanaugh_and_Mike_Pence.jpg/330px-Mitch_McConnell_meets_with_Brett_Kavanaugh_and_Mike_Pence.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Mitch_McConnell_meets_with_Brett_Kavanaugh_and_Mike_Pence.jpg/440px-Mitch_McConnell_meets_with_Brett_Kavanaugh_and_Mike_Pence.jpg 2x" data-file-width="576" data-file-height="384" /></a><figcaption>McConnell (left) with then-Judge <a href="/wiki/Brett_Kavanaugh" title="Brett Kavanaugh">Brett Kavanaugh</a> (middle), the nominee to replace retiring Justice <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Kennedy" title="Anthony Kennedy">Anthony Kennedy</a>, and vice president <a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">Mike Pence</a>, 2018</figcaption></figure> <p>In July 2018, Trump nominated Brett Kavanaugh to replace the retiring <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Kennedy" title="Anthony Kennedy">Anthony Kennedy</a> as an associate justice of the Supreme Court. McConnell accused Democrats of <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_judicial_appointment_controversies" title="Donald Trump judicial appointment controversies">creating an "extreme" distortion</a> of Kavanaugh's record during his hearings.<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 2018, <a href="/wiki/Christine_Blasey_Ford" title="Christine Blasey Ford">Christine Blasey Ford</a> publicly alleged that Kavanaugh had sexually assaulted her in 1982. After it was reported that Democrats were investigating a second allegation against Kavanaugh, McConnell said, "I want to make it perfectly clear. ... Judge Kavanaugh will be voted on here on the Senate floor."<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kavanaugh was confirmed on October 6.<sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McConnell said the confirmation process was a low point for the Senate, but also downplayed reports of dysfunction in the Senate; he said claims that the Senate was "somehow broken over this [were] simply inaccurate".<sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2018, McConnell said if a Supreme Court vacancy were to occur in 2020, he would not repeat his 2016 decision to let the winner of the upcoming presidential election nominate a justice. He argued that because in 2016 the Senate was controlled by a party other than the president's, the 2016 precedent was not applicable in 2020, when Republicans controlled both the presidency and Senate.<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 2020, after <a href="/wiki/Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg" title="Ruth Bader Ginsburg">Ruth Bader Ginsburg</a> died, he announced the Senate would vote on Trump's nominated replacement.<sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On October 23, McConnell set in place the Senate debate on the confirmation of <a href="/wiki/Amy_Coney_Barrett" title="Amy Coney Barrett">Amy Coney Barrett</a> to fill Ginsburg's seat. Barrett was confirmed on October 26.<sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Government_shutdowns">Government shutdowns</h3></div> <p>The federal government shut down on October 1–17, 2013, after Congress failed to enact legislation to fund it. McConnell later vowed Republicans would not force the U.S. to default on its debt or shut down the government in 2014, when stopgap funding measures were set to expire. He also said he would not allow other Republicans to obstruct the budget-making process.<sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2018, McConnell said funding for the <a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93United_States_border" title="Mexico–United States border">Mexico–United States border</a> wall would likely have to wait until the midterms had concluded. Trump tweeted two days later that he was willing to allow a government shutdown to get funding.<sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several spending bills were approved that August; the approvals were seen as a victory for McConnell in his attempts to prevent another government shutdown.<sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Shutdown_of_2018–2019"><span id="Shutdown_of_2018.E2.80.932019"></span>Shutdown of 2018–2019</h4></div> <p>From December 22, 2018, until January 25, 2019, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_federal_government_shutdown_of_2018%E2%80%932019" class="mw-redirect" title="United States federal government shutdown of 2018–2019">federal government shut down</a> when Congress refused to give in to Trump's demand for $5.7 billion in federal funds for a <a href="/wiki/Trump_border_wall" class="mw-redirect" title="Trump border wall">U.S.–Mexico border wall</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2018, the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican-controlled</a> <a href="/wiki/U.S._Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Senate">Senate</a> unanimously passed an appropriations bill without wall funding, and the Republican-controlled <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">House of Representatives</a> and Trump appeared likely to approve the bill. After Trump faced heavy criticism from some <a href="/wiki/Alternative_media_(U.S._political_right)" title="Alternative media (U.S. political right)">right-wing media outlets</a> and pundits for appearing to back down on his campaign promise to <a href="/wiki/Build_the_Wall" class="mw-redirect" title="Build the Wall">"build the wall"</a>, he said he would not sign any appropriations bill that did not fund the wall.<sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During this shutdown, McConnell blocked the Senate from voting on appropriations legislation and said it was not his place to mediate between the Senate and Trump.<sup id="cite_ref-Bresnahan-2019_150-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bresnahan-2019-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Nilsen-2019_151-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nilsen-2019-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Itkowitz-2019_152-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Itkowitz-2019-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Privately, McConnell had advised Trump against initiating the shutdown.<sup id="cite_ref-Homans-2019_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Homans-2019-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Democrats criticized McConnell for not putting appropriations legislation up for a vote, noting that the Republican-controlled Senate had unanimously passed an appropriations bill without wall funding and that the Senate could override Trump's veto.<sup id="cite_ref-Bresnahan-2019_150-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bresnahan-2019-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Nilsen-2019_151-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nilsen-2019-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Itkowitz-2019_152-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Itkowitz-2019-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By January 23, McConnell had blocked four Senate bills to reopen the government and a bill funding the Homeland Security Department through February 8. He called for Democrats to support a Trump administration-backed measure that included $5.7 billion in wall funding, together with a temporary extension of protections for <a href="/wiki/DACA" class="mw-redirect" title="DACA">DACA</a> recipients, a Democratic priority.<sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Privately, other Republican senators pressured McConnell to stop blocking appropriations legislation.<sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The shutdown ended on January 25, when Trump signed a three-week funding measure reopening the government until February 15 without funds for a border wall.<sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was the longest government shutdown in American history.<sup id="cite_ref-Homans-2019_22-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Homans-2019-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="COVID-19_response">COVID-19 response</h3></div> <p>In response to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the United States">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, McConnell initially opposed the <a href="/wiki/Families_First_Coronavirus_Response_Act" title="Families First Coronavirus Response Act">Families First Coronavirus Response Act</a>, calling it a Democratic "ideological wish list".<sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-159" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He reversed his position when Trump endorsed the proposed package.<sup id="cite_ref-160" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The bill passed in the Senate by a vote of 90–8. </p><p>McConnell also directed Senate Republicans in negotiations for two other COVID-19 response packages: the <a href="/wiki/Coronavirus_Preparedness_and_Response_Supplemental_Appropriations_Act,_2020" title="Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2020">Coronavirus Preparedness and Response Supplemental Appropriations Act, 2020</a> and the <a href="/wiki/CARES_Act" title="CARES Act">CARES Act</a>. The CARES Act was the largest <a href="/wiki/Economic_stimulus" class="mw-redirect" title="Economic stimulus">economic stimulus</a> package in U.S. history,<sup id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> amounting to 10% of total U.S. <a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">gross domestic product</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-162" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It passed both houses of Congress with bipartisan support.<sup id="cite_ref-163" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Speaking on the <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Hewitt" title="Hugh Hewitt">Hugh Hewitt</a> radio show on April 22, 2020, McConnell suggested that states should be able to declare bankruptcy instead of receiving additional COVID-19 aid funds—funds he implied would be used to save insolvent state pension funds instead of for COVID-19 relief. His comments were sharply criticized by various state and local officials. States cannot declare bankruptcy.<sup id="cite_ref-164" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-164"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the CARES Act passed, McConnell waited several months before advancing any additional COVID-19 relief measures in the Senate, saying in May, "I don't think we have yet felt the urgency of acting immediately" and that Congress should "[hit] pause" to evaluate how the allocated funds were working before approving more.<sup id="cite_ref-165" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-165"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was absent from negotiations between congressional Democrats and White House officials for an additional aid package.<sup id="cite_ref-166" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-166"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-167" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-167"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>167<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-168" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-168"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>168<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On September 10, 2020, a pared-down COVID-19 relief bill crafted by McConnell failed to pass the Senate because of a Democratic filibuster.<sup id="cite_ref-169" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-169"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>169<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Democrats called the bill "completely inadequate" given the scope of the COVID-19 crisis<sup id="cite_ref-170" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-170"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a partisan maneuver to help Republican senators up for reelection.<sup id="cite_ref-171" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-171"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>171<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McConnell called the bill a choice between "do[ing] something" and "do[ing] nothing",<sup id="cite_ref-172" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-172"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>172<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and said he was holding the procedural vote to get lawmakers on the record about their willingness to compromise on COVID-19 legislation.<sup id="cite_ref-173" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-173"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>173<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Approval_ratings">Approval ratings</h3></div> <p>As the leader of the Senate Republicans, McConnell has received much of the criticism and disapproval that Republicans receive from Democratic voters, receiving near uniform disapproval from left-of-center voters. Furthermore, as a result of his unpopularity with Trump and the more populist base, McConnell has had historically low approval for a senator by the electorate as a whole: a 2012 poll and a 2016 poll each found that McConnell had the lowest home-state approval rating of any sitting senator.<sup id="cite_ref-Smart_174-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smart-174"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>174<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-175" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-175"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>175<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With a 49% disapproval rate in 2017, McConnell had the highest disapproval rating of any senator.<sup id="cite_ref-176" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-176"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>176<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Senator_Mitch_McConnell_in_Kentucky_on_Oct._30,_2024.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Senator_Mitch_McConnell_in_Kentucky_on_Oct._30%2C_2024.jpg/220px-Senator_Mitch_McConnell_in_Kentucky_on_Oct._30%2C_2024.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Senator_Mitch_McConnell_in_Kentucky_on_Oct._30%2C_2024.jpg/330px-Senator_Mitch_McConnell_in_Kentucky_on_Oct._30%2C_2024.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Senator_Mitch_McConnell_in_Kentucky_on_Oct._30%2C_2024.jpg/440px-Senator_Mitch_McConnell_in_Kentucky_on_Oct._30%2C_2024.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Senator Mitch McConnell in Kentucky on October 30, 2024.</figcaption></figure> <p>In September 2019, the <a href="/wiki/Morning_Consult" title="Morning Consult">Morning Consult</a> found that McConnell's approval rating had been underwater since the first quarter of 2017, when it was 44% positive and 47% negative. The worst rating since that time was in the fourth quarter of 2018, when he had a 38% positive rating and a 47% negative rating among Kentuckians.<sup id="cite_ref-Morning_177-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morning-177"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>177<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At that time he was briefly not the least popular senator, surpassed by <a href="/wiki/Claire_McCaskill" title="Claire McCaskill">Claire McCaskill</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Flake" title="Jeff Flake">Jeff Flake</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-178" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-178"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>178<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But as of the second quarter of 2019, McConnell's ratings were 36% positive and 50% negative. He netted −56 among Democrats, +29 among Republicans, and −24 among Independents.<sup id="cite_ref-Morning_177-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Morning-177"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>177<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An average of polls by the Economist/YouGov, Politico/Morning Consult, and Harvard-Harris from the end of July through August 2019 (7/31–8/27), was 23% favorable and 48% unfavorable (−25.0 spread).<sup id="cite_ref-179" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-179"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>179<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2020, according to Morning Consult, <a href="/wiki/Susan_Collins" title="Susan Collins">Susan Collins</a> edged out McConnell as the least popular senator with a 52% unfavorable rating from Maine voters compared to 50% for McConnell.<sup id="cite_ref-180" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-180"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>180<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Committee_assignments">Committee assignments</h3></div> <p>McConnell's committee assignments for the 118th Congress are as follows:<sup id="cite_ref-118thCongressAssignments_181-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118thCongressAssignments-181"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>181<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Committee_on_Agriculture,_Nutrition,_and_Forestry" class="mw-redirect" title="Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry">Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Agriculture_Subcommittee_on_Commodities,_Risk_Management,_and_Trade" title="United States Senate Agriculture Subcommittee on Commodities, Risk Management, and Trade">Subcommittee on Commodities, Risk Management, and Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Agriculture_Subcommittee_on_Conservation,_Climate,_Forestry,_and_Natural_Resources" title="United States Senate Agriculture Subcommittee on Conservation, Climate, Forestry, and Natural Resources">Subcommittee on Conservation, Climate, Forestry, and Natural Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Agriculture_Subcommittee_on_Food_and_Nutrition,_Specialty_Crops,_Organics,_and_Research" title="United States Senate Agriculture Subcommittee on Food and Nutrition, Specialty Crops, Organics, and Research">Subcommittee on Food and Nutrition, Specialty Crops, Organics, and Research</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Appropriations" title="United States Senate Committee on Appropriations">Committee on Appropriations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Appropriations_Subcommittee_on_Agriculture,_Rural_Development,_Food_and_Drug_Administration,_and_Related_Agencies" title="United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies">Subcommittee on Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Appropriations_Subcommittee_on_Defense" title="United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Defense">Subcommittee on Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Appropriations_Subcommittee_on_Energy_and_Water_Development" title="United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development">Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Appropriations_Subcommittee_on_Interior,_Environment,_and_Related_Agencies" title="United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies">Subcommittee on Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Appropriations_Subcommittee_on_Military_Construction,_Veterans_Affairs,_and_Related_Agencies" title="United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Military Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies">Subcommittee on Military Construction and Veterans' Affairs, and Related Agencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Appropriations_Subcommittee_on_State,_Foreign_Operations,_and_Related_Programs" title="United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs">Subcommittee on State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Rules_and_Administration" title="United States Senate Committee on Rules and Administration">Committee on Rules and Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Select_Committee_on_Intelligence" title="United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence">Select Committee on Intelligence</a> (<i>ex officio</i>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_positions">Political positions</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Mitch_McConnell" title="Political positions of Mitch McConnell">Political positions of Mitch McConnell</a></div> <p>McConnell has taken <a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_States" title="Conservatism in the United States">conservative</a> stances for the past several decades. During his Senate tenure, McConnell led opposition to stricter campaign finance laws,<sup id="cite_ref-182" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-182"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> culminating in the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court</a> <a href="/wiki/Citizens_United_v._FEC" title="Citizens United v. FEC">ruling</a> that partially overturned the <a href="/wiki/Bipartisan_Campaign_Reform_Act" title="Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act">Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act</a> (McCain-Feingold) in 2010. He led opposition against <a href="/wiki/Obamacare" class="mw-redirect" title="Obamacare">Obamacare</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-183" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-183"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>183<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> first through efforts to delay or prevent the law's passage, and later to repeal or replace it, including via the <a href="/wiki/American_Healthcare_Reform_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="American Healthcare Reform Act">American Healthcare Reform Act</a>. McConnell has opposed stronger regulations, gun control measures and efforts to <a href="/wiki/Mitigate_climate_change" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitigate climate change">mitigate climate change</a>. He has criticized proposed legislation by House Democrats such as the <a href="/wiki/Green_New_Deal" title="Green New Deal">Green New Deal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Medicare_for_All" class="mw-redirect" title="Medicare for All">Medicare for All</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-GrimReaper_184-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GrimReaper-184"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>184<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was criticized by <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Pelosi" title="Nancy Pelosi">Nancy Pelosi</a> for withholding votes on measures passed by the Democratic-controlled House during his time as Senate Majority Leader, including the <a href="/wiki/For_the_People_Act_of_2019" class="mw-redirect" title="For the People Act of 2019">For the People Act of 2019</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Equality_Act_(United_States)" title="Equality Act (United States)">Equality Act</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Paycheck_Fairness_Act" title="Paycheck Fairness Act">Paycheck Fairness Act</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-185" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-185"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>185<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McConnell has supported stronger border security, free trade agreements and reductions in taxes. As Senate Majority Leader, he led the passing of the <a href="/wiki/Tax_Cuts_and_Jobs_Act_of_2017" class="mw-redirect" title="Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017">Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Economic_Growth,_Regulatory_Relief_and_Consumer_Protection_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief and Consumer Protection Act">Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief and Consumer Protection Act</a> in 2018. His foreign policy views have included support of sanctions on <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> and <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-186" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-186"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> support of <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> during <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">its invasion by Russia</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-187" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-187"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>187<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> opposition to the <a href="/wiki/Iran_nuclear_deal" class="mw-redirect" title="Iran nuclear deal">Iran nuclear deal</a> and support of <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> in its <a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" title="Israel–Hamas war">war with Hamas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-188" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-188"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>188<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He voted for the <a href="/wiki/Iraq_Resolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Iraq Resolution">Iraq Resolution</a>, which authorized <a href="/wiki/2003_invasion_of_Iraq" title="2003 invasion of Iraq">military action against Iraq</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-189" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-189"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>189<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and supported the <a href="/wiki/Iraq_War_troop_surge_of_2007" title="Iraq War troop surge of 2007">Iraq War troop surge of 2007</a> in public.<sup id="cite_ref-190" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-190"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>190<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Earlier in his political career, during the 1960s and 1970s, McConnell held moderate stances, including support of <a href="/wiki/Abortions" class="mw-redirect" title="Abortions">abortions</a>, support of <a href="/wiki/Trade_union" title="Trade union">unions</a>, and support of the <a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movement" title="Civil rights movement">civil rights movement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-191" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-191"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>191<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court</a>'s ruling in <a href="/wiki/Obergefell_v._Hodges" title="Obergefell v. Hodges">Obergefell v. Hodges</a>, McConnell expressed his opposition to <a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage_in_the_United_States" title="Same-sex marriage in the United States">same-sex marriage</a> stating “I’ve always felt that marriage is between one man and one woman and the Supreme Court has held otherwise. That’s the law of the land.”<sup id="cite_ref-192" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-192"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>192<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_history">Electoral history</h2></div> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background-color:#EAECF0;" rowspan="2">Year </th> <th style="background-color:#EAECF0;" rowspan="2">Office </th> <th style="background-color:#EAECF0;" rowspan="2">Type </th> <th style="background-color:#EAECF0;" colspan="2" rowspan="2">Party </th> <th style="background-color:#EAECF0;" rowspan="2">Main opponent </th> <th style="background-color:#EAECF0;" colspan="2" rowspan="2">Party </th> <th style="background-color:#EAECF0;" colspan="4">Votes for McConnell </th> <th style="background-color:#EAECF0;" rowspan="2">Result </th> <th style="background-color:#EAECF0;" colspan="2" rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Swing_(politics)" title="Swing (politics)">Swing</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#EAECF0;">Total </th> <th style="background-color:#EAECF0;">% </th> <th style="background-color:#EAECF0;"><abbr title="Position">P</abbr>. </th> <th style="background-color:#EAECF0;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Change in percentage value since previous election">±%</span> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#EAECF0;" rowspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/1984_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kentucky" title="1984 United States Senate election in Kentucky">1984</a></b> </th> <td rowspan="13"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senator</a> </td> <td>Primary </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:#E81B23;"> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td>C. Roger Harker </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td>39,465 </td> <td>79.22% </td> <td>1st </td> <td>N/A </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Won </td> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC;"> </td> <td>N/A </td></tr> <tr> <td>General </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Walter_Dee_Huddleston" title="Walter Dee Huddleston">Walter Dee Huddleston</a> (<a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">I</a>) </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td>644,990 </td> <td>49.90% </td> <td>1st </td> <td>+13.03% </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Won </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23;"> </td> <td><b>Gain</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#EAECF0;" rowspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/1990_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kentucky" title="1990 United States Senate election in Kentucky">1990</a></b> </th> <td>Primary </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:#E81B23;"> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td>Tommy Klein </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td>64,063 </td> <td>88.52% </td> <td>1st </td> <td>+9.30% </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Won </td> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC;"> </td> <td>N/A </td></tr> <tr> <td>General </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Harvey_I._Sloane" title="Harvey I. Sloane">Harvey I. Sloane</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td>478,034 </td> <td>52.19% </td> <td>1st </td> <td>+2.28% </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Won </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23;"> </td> <td><b>Hold</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#EAECF0;" rowspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kentucky" title="1996 United States Senate election in Kentucky">1996</a></b> </th> <td>Primary </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:#E81B23;"> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td>Tommy Klein </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td>88,620 </td> <td>88.59% </td> <td>1st </td> <td>+0.07% </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Won </td> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC;"> </td> <td>N/A </td></tr> <tr> <td>General </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Steve_Beshear" title="Steve Beshear">Steve Beshear</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td>724,794 </td> <td>55.45% </td> <td>1st </td> <td>+3.27% </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Won </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23;"> </td> <td><b>Hold</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#EAECF0;"><b><a href="/wiki/2002_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kentucky" title="2002 United States Senate election in Kentucky">2002</a></b> </th> <td>General </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lois_Combs_Weinberg" title="Lois Combs Weinberg">Lois Combs Weinberg</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td>731,679 </td> <td>64.68% </td> <td>1st </td> <td>+9.22% </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Won </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23;"> </td> <td><b>Hold</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#EAECF0;" rowspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kentucky" title="2008 United States Senate election in Kentucky">2008</a></b> </th> <td>Primary </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:#E81B23;"> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td>Daniel Essek </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td>168,127 </td> <td>86.09% </td> <td>1st </td> <td>−2.50% </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Won </td> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC;"> </td> <td>N/A </td></tr> <tr> <td>General </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Lunsford" title="Bruce Lunsford">Bruce Lunsford</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td>953,816 </td> <td>52.97% </td> <td>1st </td> <td>−11.7% </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Won </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23;"> </td> <td><b>Hold</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#EAECF0;" rowspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/2014_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kentucky" title="2014 United States Senate election in Kentucky">2014</a></b> </th> <td>Primary </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:#E81B23;"> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Matt_Bevin" title="Matt Bevin">Matt Bevin</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td>213,753 </td> <td>60.19% </td> <td>1st </td> <td>−25.9% </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Won </td> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC;"> </td> <td>N/A </td></tr> <tr> <td>General </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alison_Lundergan_Grimes" title="Alison Lundergan Grimes">Alison Lundergan Grimes</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td>806,787 </td> <td>56.19% </td> <td>1st </td> <td>+3.22% </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Won </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23;"> </td> <td><b>Hold</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#EAECF0;" rowspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kentucky" title="2020 United States Senate election in Kentucky">2020</a></b> </th> <td>Primary </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:#E81B23;"> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wesley_Morgan_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wesley Morgan (politician)">Wesley Morgan</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> </td> <td>342,660 </td> <td>82.80% </td> <td>1st </td> <td>+22.61 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Won </td> <td style="background-color:#DCDCDC;"> </td> <td>N/A </td></tr> <tr> <td>General </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Amy_McGrath" title="Amy McGrath">Amy McGrath</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#3333FF;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> </td> <td>1,233,315 </td> <td>57.76% </td> <td>1st </td> <td>+1.57% </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Won </td> <td style="background-color:#E81B23;"> </td> <td><b>Hold</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color:#EAECF0;" colspan="15"> </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1984">1984</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1984_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kentucky" title="1984 United States Senate election in Kentucky">1984 United States Senate election in Kentucky</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/1984_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kentucky" title="1984 United States Senate election in Kentucky">1984</a>, McConnell ran for the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Senate">U.S. Senate</a> against two-term <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> incumbent <a href="/wiki/Walter_Dee_Huddleston" title="Walter Dee Huddleston">Walter Dee Huddleston</a>. The election race was not decided until the last returns came in, when McConnell won by 3,437 votes out of more than 1.2 million votes cast, just over 0.4%.<sup id="cite_ref-193" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-193"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>193<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McConnell was the only Republican Senate challenger to win that year, despite <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a>'s landslide victory in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election" title="United States presidential election">presidential election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-194" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-194"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>194<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>McConnell's campaign was noted for a series of television campaign spots called "Where's Dee", which featured a group of <a href="/wiki/Bloodhound" title="Bloodhound">bloodhounds</a> trying to find Huddleston,<sup id="cite_ref-195" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-195"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>195<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (August 2019)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-196" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-196"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>196<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> implying that Huddleston's attendance record in the Senate was poor.<sup id="cite_ref-197" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-197"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>197<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-corny_198-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-corny-198"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>198<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was the first Republican to win a statewide election in Kentucky since 1968, and benefited from the popularity of President <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a>, up for re-election, who was supported by 60% of Kentucky voters in the same year.<sup id="cite_ref-Costa_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Costa-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1990">1990</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1990_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kentucky" title="1990 United States Senate election in Kentucky">1990 United States Senate election in Kentucky</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/1990_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kentucky" title="1990 United States Senate election in Kentucky">1990</a>, McConnell faced former <a href="/wiki/Louisville" class="mw-redirect" title="Louisville">Louisville</a> Mayor <a href="/wiki/Harvey_I._Sloane" title="Harvey I. Sloane">Harvey I. Sloane</a>, winning by 4.4%.<sup id="cite_ref-199" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-199"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>199<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1996">1996</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kentucky" title="1996 United States Senate election in Kentucky">1996 United States Senate election in Kentucky</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kentucky" title="1996 United States Senate election in Kentucky">1996</a>, he defeated <a href="/wiki/Steve_Beshear" title="Steve Beshear">Steve Beshear</a> by 12.6%,<sup id="cite_ref-200" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-200"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>200<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> even as <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> <a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_election_in_Kentucky" title="1996 United States presidential election in Kentucky">narrowly carried</a> the state. McConnell's campaign ran television ads warning voters to not "Get BeSheared" and included images of <a href="/wiki/Sheep_shearing" title="Sheep shearing">sheep being sheared</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-corny_198-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-corny-198"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>198<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2002">2002</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2002_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kentucky" title="2002 United States Senate election in Kentucky">2002 United States Senate election in Kentucky</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/2002_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kentucky" title="2002 United States Senate election in Kentucky">2002</a>, he was unopposed in the Republican primary. He then defeated <a href="/wiki/Lois_Combs_Weinberg" title="Lois Combs Weinberg">Lois Combs Weinberg</a> by 29.4%.<sup id="cite_ref-201" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-201"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>201<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2008">2008</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kentucky" title="2008 United States Senate election in Kentucky">2008 United States Senate election in Kentucky</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kentucky" title="2008 United States Senate election in Kentucky">2008</a>, McConnell faced his closest contest since 1990. He defeated <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Lunsford" title="Bruce Lunsford">Bruce Lunsford</a> by 6%.<sup id="cite_ref-almanac_23-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-almanac-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2014">2014</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2014_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kentucky" title="2014 United States Senate election in Kentucky">2014 United States Senate election in Kentucky</a></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/2014_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kentucky" title="2014 United States Senate election in Kentucky">2014</a>, McConnell faced Louisville businessman <a href="/wiki/Matt_Bevin" title="Matt Bevin">Matt Bevin</a> in the Republican primary.<sup id="cite_ref-202" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-202"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>202<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 60.2% won by McConnell was the lowest voter support for a Kentucky U.S. senator in a primary since 1938.<sup id="cite_ref-203" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-203"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>203<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He faced Democratic Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/Alison_Lundergan_Grimes" title="Alison Lundergan Grimes">Alison Lundergan Grimes</a> in the general election, and defeated Grimes, 56.2–40.7%.<sup id="cite_ref-204" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-204"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>204<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-205" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-205"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>205<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2020">2020</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kentucky" title="2020 United States Senate election in Kentucky">2020 United States Senate election in Kentucky</a></div> <p>In the November 2020 general election, McConnell faced Democratic nominee <a href="/wiki/Amy_McGrath" title="Amy McGrath">Amy McGrath</a>, a former <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine</a> fighter pilot; and <a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(United_States)" title="Libertarian Party (United States)">Libertarian</a> nominee Brad Barron, a businessman and farmer.<sup id="cite_ref-206" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-206"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>206<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-207" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-207"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>207<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the campaign, McConnell and McGrath agreed to one hour-long, <a href="/wiki/Social_distancing" title="Social distancing">socially distanced</a> debate on October 12.<sup id="cite_ref-208" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-208"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>208<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-209" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-209"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>209<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McConnell was elected to his seventh term on November 3 when he defeated McGrath by nearly 20 percentage points.<sup id="cite_ref-210" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-210"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>210<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mitch_McConnell_and_Elaine_Chao_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Mitch_McConnell_and_Elaine_Chao_%28cropped%29.jpg/170px-Mitch_McConnell_and_Elaine_Chao_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Mitch_McConnell_and_Elaine_Chao_%28cropped%29.jpg/255px-Mitch_McConnell_and_Elaine_Chao_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Mitch_McConnell_and_Elaine_Chao_%28cropped%29.jpg/340px-Mitch_McConnell_and_Elaine_Chao_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="370" /></a><figcaption>McConnell and his wife, <a href="/wiki/Elaine_Chao" title="Elaine Chao">Elaine Chao</a>, January 2019</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Family">Family</h3></div> <p>McConnell is a <a href="/wiki/Southern_Baptist" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Baptist">Southern Baptist</a>, baptized at age 8.<sup id="cite_ref-211" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-211"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>211<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was married to his first wife, Sherrill Redmon, from 1968 to 1980 and had three daughters, Porter, Eleanor (Elly), and Claire.<sup id="cite_ref-212" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-212"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>212<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-213" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-213"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>213<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-214" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-214"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>214<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Porter McConnell is the campaign director for Take on Wall Street, a left-wing advocacy coalition.<sup id="cite_ref-215" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-215"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>215<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-216" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-216"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>216<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following her divorce from McConnell, Redmon became a feminist scholar at <a href="/wiki/Smith_College" title="Smith College">Smith College</a> and director of the <a href="/wiki/Sophia_Smith_Collection" title="Sophia Smith Collection">Sophia Smith Collection</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-217" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-217"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>217<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-218" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-218"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>218<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>McConnell's second wife, whom he married in 1993, is <a href="/wiki/Elaine_Chao" title="Elaine Chao">Elaine Chao</a>, <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_Labor" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary of Labor">Secretary of Labor</a> under <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_George_W._Bush" title="Presidency of George W. Bush">President George W. Bush</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Transportation" title="United States Secretary of Transportation">Secretary of Transportation</a> under <a href="/wiki/First_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="First presidency of Donald Trump">President Donald Trump</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-219" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-219"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>219<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 2019, McConnell's brother-in-law <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Hartogensis" title="Gordon Hartogensis">Gordon Hartogensis</a>, who is married to Chao's sister Grace, was confirmed by the U.S. Senate as director of the <a href="/wiki/Pension_Benefit_Guaranty_Corporation" title="Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation">Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation</a> (PBGC), a part of the Labor Department.<sup id="cite_ref-220" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-220"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>220<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-221" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-221"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>221<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-222" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-222"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>222<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McConnell voted to confirm.<sup id="cite_ref-223" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-223"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>223<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health">Health</h3></div> <p>In February 2003, McConnell underwent a <a href="/wiki/Triple_bypass_surgery" class="mw-redirect" title="Triple bypass surgery">triple heart bypass surgery</a> in relation to blocked arteries, at the <a href="/wiki/National_Naval_Medical_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="National Naval Medical Center">National Naval Medical Center</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bethesda,_Maryland" title="Bethesda, Maryland">Bethesda, Maryland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-224" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-224"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>224<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2019, McConnell suffered a fall at his Louisville home; he fractured his shoulder.<sup id="cite_ref-225" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-225"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>225<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March 2023, he was hospitalized for five days after a fall; he was treated for a <a href="/wiki/Concussion" title="Concussion">concussion</a> and a minor rib fracture,<sup id="cite_ref-226" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-226"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>226<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and did not return to the Senate for almost six weeks.<sup id="cite_ref-227" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-227"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>227<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2023, he fell while disembarking from a plane at <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan_Washington_National_Airport" title="Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport">Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-228" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-228"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>228<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On July 26, 2023, McConnell prompted worldwide media reports when he froze, unspeaking, for around 20 seconds while addressing a press conference.<sup id="cite_ref-229" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-229"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>229<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was escorted away by aides, but later returned and said he was "fine".<sup id="cite_ref-230" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-230"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>230<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two days after the incident, his spokespersons said that McConnell would continue in his leadership role; he is the institution's longest-serving party leader.<sup id="cite_ref-231" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-231"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>231<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On August 30, 2023, he again froze during a press conference in <a href="/wiki/Covington,_Kentucky" title="Covington, Kentucky">Covington, Kentucky</a> and was eventually led away by staff.<sup id="cite_ref-232" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-232"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>232<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A day later, McConnell released a letter from the attending physician of Congress that said that he was "medically clear" to continue his schedule as planned;<sup id="cite_ref-2023medical_letter_233-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2023medical_letter-233"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>233<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the letter said that the physician had talked to McConnell and "conferred with his neurology team", but did not indicate that he had physically examined McConnell.<sup id="cite_ref-234" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-234"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>234<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other">Other</h3></div> <p>In 1997, McConnell founded the <a href="/wiki/James_Madison_Center_for_Free_Speech" title="James Madison Center for Free Speech">James Madison Center for Free Speech</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Legal_defense" class="mw-redirect" title="Legal defense">legal-defense</a> organization based in Washington, D.C.<sup id="cite_ref-235" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-235"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>235<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-236" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-236"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>236<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was inducted into the <a href="/wiki/Sons_of_the_American_Revolution" title="Sons of the American Revolution">Sons of the American Revolution</a> on March 1, 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-237" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-237"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>237<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is on the Board of Selectors of <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Awards_for_Public_Service" title="Jefferson Awards for Public Service">Jefferson Awards for Public Service</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-238" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-238"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>238<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2018, the <a href="/wiki/OpenSecrets" title="OpenSecrets">OpenSecrets</a> website ranked McConnell one of the wealthiest members of the U.S. Senate, with a net worth of more than $25 million.<sup id="cite_ref-net-worth_239-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-net-worth-239"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>239<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His personal wealth grew in 2008, when he and his wife received a gift worth about $5 million to about $25 million from her father, <a href="/wiki/James_S._C._Chao" title="James S. C. Chao">James S. C. Chao</a>, after the death of his wife.<sup id="cite_ref-240" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-240"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>240<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2></div> <p>McConnell's detractors have called him by a number of nicknames, including "Moscow Mitch",<sup id="cite_ref-MoscowMitch_241-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MoscowMitch-241"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>241<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Cocaine Mitch",<sup id="cite_ref-MoscowMitch_241-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MoscowMitch-241"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>241<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the "Grim Reaper",<sup id="cite_ref-GrimReaper_184-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GrimReaper-184"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>184<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "<a href="/wiki/Darth_Vader" title="Darth Vader">Darth Vader</a>",<sup id="cite_ref-DarkSide_242-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DarkSide-242"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>242<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Rich Mitch",<sup id="cite_ref-243" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-243"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>243<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Nuclear Mitch",<sup id="cite_ref-DarkSide_242-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DarkSide-242"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>242<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Midnight Mitch",<sup id="cite_ref-244" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-244"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>244<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and "Old Crow".<sup id="cite_ref-245" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-245"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>245<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McConnell embraces several of them, but he has objected strenuously to "Moscow Mitch".<sup id="cite_ref-MoscowMitch_241-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MoscowMitch-241"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>241<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-246" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-246"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>246<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Jon_Stewart" title="Jon Stewart">Jon Stewart</a> repeatedly mocked McConnell on <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Show" title="The Daily Show">The Daily Show</a></i> for resembling a <a href="/wiki/Turtle" title="Turtle">turtle</a> or <a href="/wiki/Tortoise" title="Tortoise">tortoise</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-247" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-247"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>247<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-248" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-248"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>248<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McConnell has been portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Beck_Bennett" title="Beck Bennett">Beck Bennett</a> in sketches on <i><a href="/wiki/Saturday_Night_Live" title="Saturday Night Live">Saturday Night Live</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-249" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-249"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>249<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2017, McConnell was portrayed satirically in <i><a href="/wiki/South_Park" title="South Park">South Park</a></i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s <a href="/wiki/South_Park_(season_21)" class="mw-redirect" title="South Park (season 21)">season 21</a> episode "<a href="/wiki/Doubling_Down_(South_Park)" title="Doubling Down (South Park)">Doubling Down</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-250" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-250"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>250<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the 2014 election campaign, McConnell was lampooned for posting campaign <a href="/wiki/B-roll" title="B-roll">B-roll</a> footage online for use by allied <a href="/wiki/Political_action_committee" title="Political action committee">PACs</a>. Various Internet posters satirically interspersed the B-roll with footage from <a href="/wiki/Sitcom" title="Sitcom">sitcoms</a> and movies and with popular music. The practice of posting B-roll footage online for use by PACs or of lampooning the B-roll was termed "McConnelling".<sup id="cite_ref-251" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-251"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>251<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-252" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-252"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>252<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-253" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-253"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>253<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2015, 2019, and 2023, <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i> listed McConnell as one of the 100 most influential people in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-Boehner_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boehner-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Time_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Time-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-254" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-254"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>254<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2010s_in_United_States_political_history" class="mw-redirect" title="2010s in United States political history">2010s in United States political history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_interference_in_the_2016_United_States_elections" title="Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections">Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-memoir1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-memoir1_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMcConnell2016" class="citation book cs1">McConnell, Mitch (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9cO3CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA9">"Chapter One: A fighting spirit"</a>. <i>The Long Game: a Memoir</i>. New York, NY: Sentinel. p. 9. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780399564123" title="Special:BookSources/9780399564123"><bdi>9780399564123</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200805230632/https://books.google.com/books?id=9cO3CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA9">Archived</a> from the original on August 5, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 27,</span> 2020</span>. <q>...my mother graduated from Wadley High School in 1937. Soon after graduation, she found her way out of rural Alabama and into Birmingham...It was here that she met A.M. McConnell II.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+One%3A+A+fighting+spirit&rft.btitle=The+Long+Game%3A+a+Memoir&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pages=9&rft.pub=Sentinel&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9780399564123&rft.aulast=McConnell&rft.aufirst=Mitch&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9cO3CgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/mitch-mcconnell-trump-impeachment-vote-senate-speech/">"McConnell says Trump was "practically and morally responsible" for riot after voting not guilty"</a>. <i>cbsnews.com</i>. February 14, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210216230659/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/mitch-mcconnell-trump-impeachment-vote-senate-speech/">Archived</a> from the original on February 16, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 12,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cbsnews.com&rft.atitle=McConnell+says+Trump+was+%22practically+and+morally+responsible%22+for+riot+after+voting+not+guilty&rft.date=2021-02-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fmitch-mcconnell-trump-impeachment-vote-senate-speech%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Boehner-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Boehner_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boehner_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoehner2015" class="citation news cs1">Boehner, John (April 16, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/collection-post/3822824/mitch-mcconnell-2015-time-100/">"Mitch McConnell"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201106202345/https://time.com/collection-post/3822824/mitch-mcconnell-2015-time-100/">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Mitch+McConnell&rft.date=2015-04-16&rft.aulast=Boehner&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftime.com%2Fcollection-post%2F3822824%2Fmitch-mcconnell-2015-time-100%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Time-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Time_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Time_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2019/5567755/mitch-mcconnell/">"Mitch McConnell: The 100 Most Influential People of 2019"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112004253/https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2019/5567755/mitch-mcconnell/">Archived</a> from the original on November 12, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Mitch+McConnell%3A+The+100+Most+Influential+People+of+2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftime.com%2Fcollection%2F100-most-influential-people-2019%2F5567755%2Fmitch-mcconnell%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTackett2024" class="citation news cs1">Tackett, Michael (February 28, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/mitch-mcconnell-senate-republican-leader-stepping-down-ba478d570a4561aa7baf91a204d7e366">"McConnell will step down as the Senate Republican leader in November after a record run in the job"</a>. Associated Press. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240228174438/https://apnews.com/article/mitch-mcconnell-senate-republican-leader-stepping-down-ba478d570a4561aa7baf91a204d7e366">Archived</a> from the original on February 28, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=McConnell+will+step+down+as+the+Senate+Republican+leader+in+November+after+a+record+run+in+the+job&rft.date=2024-02-28&rft.aulast=Tackett&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fmitch-mcconnell-senate-republican-leader-stepping-down-ba478d570a4561aa7baf91a204d7e366&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMangan2024" class="citation web cs1">Mangan, Dan (February 28, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2024/02/28/mitch-mcconnell-to-step-down-as-republican-senate-leader-in-november-report.html">"Mitch McConnell to step down as Republican Senate leader in November: Report"</a>. CNBC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240228181324/https://www.cnbc.com/2024/02/28/mitch-mcconnell-to-step-down-as-republican-senate-leader-in-november-report.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 28, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mitch+McConnell+to+step+down+as+Republican+Senate+leader+in+November%3A+Report&rft.pub=CNBC&rft.date=2024-02-28&rft.aulast=Mangan&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2024%2F02%2F28%2Fmitch-mcconnell-to-step-down-as-republican-senate-leader-in-november-report.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHughes2024" class="citation news cs1">Hughes, Siobhan (February 28, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/politics/policy/mitch-mcconnell-to-step-down-as-senate-minority-leader-in-november-7e9ca478">"Mitch McConnell to Step Down as Senate Minority Leader in November"</a>. <i>The Wall Street Journal</i>. News Corp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240228223725/https://www.wsj.com/politics/policy/mitch-mcconnell-to-step-down-as-senate-minority-leader-in-november-7e9ca478">Archived</a> from the original on February 28, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 28,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Mitch+McConnell+to+Step+Down+as+Senate+Minority+Leader+in+November&rft.date=2024-02-28&rft.aulast=Hughes&rft.aufirst=Siobhan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Fpolitics%2Fpolicy%2Fmitch-mcconnell-to-step-down-as-senate-minority-leader-in-november-7e9ca478&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJalonick_and_Groves2024" class="citation news cs1">Jalonick and Groves, Mary Clare and Stephen (November 13, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/senate-leader-thune-cornyn-scott-mcconnell-trump-c3c1c451a420729136ae641a14d9d5d6">"Republican John Thune of South Dakota is elected the next Senate majority leader"</a>. <i>Associated Press</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 13,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Associated+Press&rft.atitle=Republican+John+Thune+of+South+Dakota+is+elected+the+next+Senate+majority+leader&rft.date=2024-11-13&rft.aulast=Jalonick+and+Groves&rft.aufirst=Mary+Clare+and+Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fsenate-leader-thune-cornyn-scott-mcconnell-trump-c3c1c451a420729136ae641a14d9d5d6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-memoir-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-memoir_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-memoir_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-memoir_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-memoir_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcConnell2016" class="citation book cs1">McConnell, Mitch (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9cO3CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA9">"Chapter One: A fighting spirit"</a>. <i>The Long Game: a Memoir</i>. New York, NY: Sentinel. p. 9. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780399564123" title="Special:BookSources/9780399564123"><bdi>9780399564123</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200805230632/https://books.google.com/books?id=9cO3CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA9">Archived</a> from the original on August 5, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 27,</span> 2020</span>. <q>She'd been known her whole life not by her first name, Julia, which she loved, but by her middle name, Odene, which she detested. So in Birmingham she began to call herself Dean, and with no thought of ever returning to Wadley ... James McConnell, from County Down, Ireland, who came to this country as a young boy in the 1760s, went on to fight for the colonies in the American Revolution.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+One%3A+A+fighting+spirit&rft.btitle=The+Long+Game%3A+a+Memoir&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pages=9&rft.pub=Sentinel&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9780399564123&rft.aulast=McConnell&rft.aufirst=Mitch&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9cO3CgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=X0ogAAAAIBAJ&pg=4678,2857069">"Fact of the Week"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Tuscaloosa_News" title="The Tuscaloosa News">The Tuscaloosa News</a></i>. July 16, 2000. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200823094702/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=X0ogAAAAIBAJ&pg=4678%2C2857069%3Fhl%3Den-US&gl=US&ceid=US%3Aen">Archived</a> from the original on August 23, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 19,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Tuscaloosa+News&rft.atitle=Fact+of+the+Week&rft.date=2000-07-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DX0ogAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D4678%2C2857069&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiddleton2014" class="citation news cs1">Middleton, Karen (December 28, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enewscourier.com/news/athens-native-sen-mitch-mcconnell-looking-forward-to-busy-opening/article_88ec6c10-8e12-11e4-b57f-5703eb0317e6.html">"Athens native Sen. Mitch McConnell looking forward to busy opening session"</a>. <i>The News Courier</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190707151050/https://www.enewscourier.com/news/athens-native-sen-mitch-mcconnell-looking-forward-to-busy-opening/article_88ec6c10-8e12-11e4-b57f-5703eb0317e6.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 7, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 4,</span> 2019</span>. <q>McConnell said that his original American ancestor emigrated from County Down, Ireland, to North Carolina.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+News+Courier&rft.atitle=Athens+native+Sen.+Mitch+McConnell+looking+forward+to+busy+opening+session&rft.date=2014-12-28&rft.aulast=Middleton&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.enewscourier.com%2Fnews%2Fathens-native-sen-mitch-mcconnell-looking-forward-to-busy-opening%2Farticle_88ec6c10-8e12-11e4-b57f-5703eb0317e6.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/AthensNativeSen.MitchMcConnellLookingForwardToBusyOpeningSessionNewsEnewscourier.com">Alt URL</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhillips2017" class="citation news cs1">Phillips, Kristine (June 27, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2017/06/27/no-the-government-did-not-pay-for-gop-leader-mitch-mcconnells-polio-care-charity-did/">"No, the government did not pay for Mitch McConnell's polio care. Charity did"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190706085227/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2017/06/27/no-the-government-did-not-pay-for-gop-leader-mitch-mcconnells-polio-care-charity-did/">Archived</a> from the original on July 6, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 4,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=No%2C+the+government+did+not+pay+for+Mitch+McConnell%27s+polio+care.+Charity+did&rft.date=2017-06-27&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=Kristine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnews%2Fthe-fix%2Fwp%2F2017%2F06%2F27%2Fno-the-government-did-not-pay-for-gop-leader-mitch-mcconnells-polio-care-charity-did%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFader2017" class="citation news cs1">Fader, Carole (July 22, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jacksonville.com/story/news/reason/2017/07/22/fact-check-did-us-pay-mcconnell-s-polio-treatment/15362788007/">"Fact Check: Did U.S. pay for McConnell's polio treatment?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Florida_Times-Union" title="The Florida Times-Union">The Florida Times-Union</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 30,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Florida+Times-Union&rft.atitle=Fact+Check%3A+Did+U.S.+pay+for+McConnell%27s+polio+treatment%3F&rft.date=2017-07-22&rft.aulast=Fader&rft.aufirst=Carole&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jacksonville.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Freason%2F2017%2F07%2F22%2Ffact-check-did-us-pay-mcconnell-s-polio-treatment%2F15362788007%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/mitch-mcconnell-on-trump-and-divisiveness-in-politics/">"Mitch McConnell on Trump and divisiveness in politics"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CBS_News" title="CBS News">CBS News</a></i>. May 29, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200804012947/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/mitch-mcconnell-on-trump-and-divisiveness-in-politics/">Archived</a> from the original on August 4, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 19,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBS+News&rft.atitle=Mitch+McConnell+on+Trump+and+divisiveness+in+politics&rft.date=2016-05-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fmitch-mcconnell-on-trump-and-divisiveness-in-politics%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHicks2017" class="citation web cs1">Hicks, Jesse (June 26, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tonic.vice.com/en_us/article/wjqwe5/mitch-mcconnell-1990-campaign-ad-supported-affordable-healthcare-for-all">"In 1990, Mitch McConnell Supported Affordable Healthcare for All"</a>. vice.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180612113117/https://tonic.vice.com/en_us/article/wjqwe5/mitch-mcconnell-1990-campaign-ad-supported-affordable-healthcare-for-all">Archived</a> from the original on June 12, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 4,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=In+1990%2C+Mitch+McConnell+Supported+Affordable+Healthcare+for+All&rft.pub=vice.com&rft.date=2017-06-26&rft.aulast=Hicks&rft.aufirst=Jesse&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftonic.vice.com%2Fen_us%2Farticle%2Fwjqwe5%2Fmitch-mcconnell-1990-campaign-ad-supported-affordable-healthcare-for-all&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-memoir2-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-memoir2_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-memoir2_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-memoir2_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcConnell2016" class="citation book cs1">McConnell, Mitch (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9cO3CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA15">"Chapter Two: From Baseball to Politics"</a>. <i>The Long Game: a Memoir</i>. Penguin. p. 15. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780399564123" title="Special:BookSources/9780399564123"><bdi>9780399564123</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806063105/https://books.google.com/books?id=9cO3CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA15">Archived</a> from the original on August 6, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 27,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+Two%3A+From+Baseball+to+Politics&rft.btitle=The+Long+Game%3A+a+Memoir&rft.pages=15&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9780399564123&rft.aulast=McConnell&rft.aufirst=Mitch&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9cO3CgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA15&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SenBio-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SenBio_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SenBio_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mcconnell.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?p=Biography">"Biography – About – U.S. Senate Republican Leader Mitch McConnell"</a>. <i>Mitch McConnell; Republican Leader. U.S. Senator for Kentucky</i>. mcconnell.senate.gov. January 3, 1985. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091227061947/http://mcconnell.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?p=Biography">Archived</a> from the original on December 27, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 24,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mitch+McConnell%3B+Republican+Leader.+U.S.+Senator+for+Kentucky&rft.atitle=Biography+%E2%80%93+About+%E2%80%93+U.S.+Senate+Republican+Leader+Mitch+McConnell&rft.date=1985-01-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mcconnell.senate.gov%2Fpublic%2Findex.cfm%3Fp%3DBiography&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-memoir3-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-memoir3_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-memoir3_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-memoir3_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcConnell2016" class="citation book cs1">McConnell, Mitch (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9cO3CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA26">"Chapter Three: Seeing greatness."</a>. <i>The Long Game: a Memoir</i>. Penguin. p. 26. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780399564123" title="Special:BookSources/9780399564123"><bdi>9780399564123</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806015634/https://books.google.com/books?id=9cO3CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA26">Archived</a> from the original on August 6, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 27,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+Three%3A+Seeing+greatness.&rft.btitle=The+Long+Game%3A+a+Memoir&rft.pages=26&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9780399564123&rft.aulast=McConnell&rft.aufirst=Mitch&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9cO3CgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteinhauer2015" class="citation web cs1">Steinhauer, Jennifer (July 10, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/11/us/politics/mitch-mcconnell-republicans-civil-rights.html">"Mitch McConnell's Commitment to Civil Rights Sets Him Apart"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200821055123/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/11/us/politics/mitch-mcconnell-republicans-civil-rights.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 21, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Mitch+McConnell%27s+Commitment+to+Civil+Rights+Sets+Him+Apart&rft.date=2015-07-10&rft.aulast=Steinhauer&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2015%2F07%2F11%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2Fmitch-mcconnell-republicans-civil-rights.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChotiner,_Isaac2013" class="citation magazine cs1">Chotiner, Isaac (May 15, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newrepublic.com/article/113181/mitch-mcconnell-civil-rights-crusader-regrets">"How Mitch McConnell Enabled Barack Obama"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Republic" title="The New Republic">The New Republic</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200712021416/https://newrepublic.com/article/113181/mitch-mcconnell-civil-rights-crusader-regrets">Archived</a> from the original on July 12, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Republic&rft.atitle=How+Mitch+McConnell+Enabled+Barack+Obama&rft.date=2013-05-15&rft.au=Chotiner%2C+Isaac&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newrepublic.com%2Farticle%2F113181%2Fmitch-mcconnell-civil-rights-crusader-regrets&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stretch-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Stretch_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stretch_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stretch_21-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stretch_21-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartin2014" class="citation news cs1">Martin, Jonathan (August 27, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/31/magazine/mitch-mcconell-kentucky-senate.html">"Mitch McConnell Is Headed Down the Stretch"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times_Magazine" title="The New York Times Magazine">The New York Times Magazine</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200511015913/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/31/magazine/mitch-mcconell-kentucky-senate.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 11, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times+Magazine&rft.atitle=Mitch+McConnell+Is+Headed+Down+the+Stretch&rft.date=2014-08-27&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2014%2F08%2F31%2Fmagazine%2Fmitch-mcconell-kentucky-senate.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Homans-2019-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Homans-2019_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Homans-2019_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Homans-2019_22-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Homans-2019_22-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHomans2019" class="citation news cs1">Homans, Charles (January 22, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/22/magazine/mcconnell-senate-trump.html">"Mitch McConnell Got Everything He Wanted. But at What Cost?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200809193955/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/22/magazine/mcconnell-senate-trump.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 9, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 23,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Mitch+McConnell+Got+Everything+He+Wanted.+But+at+What+Cost%3F&rft.date=2019-01-22&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Homans&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2019%2F01%2F22%2Fmagazine%2Fmcconnell-senate-trump.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-almanac-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-almanac_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-almanac_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-almanac_23-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-almanac_23-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120904133709/http://www.nationaljournal.com/almanac/2008/people/ky/kys1.php">"National Journal Almanac 2008"</a>. <i>Nationaljournal.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationaljournal.com/almanac/2008/people/ky/kys1.php">the original</a> on September 4, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 24,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Nationaljournal.com&rft.atitle=National+Journal+Almanac+2008&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationaljournal.com%2Falmanac%2F2008%2Fpeople%2Fky%2Fkys1.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cheves-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cheves_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cheves_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cheves_24-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cheves_24-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cheves_24-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCheves2008" class="citation news cs1">Cheves, John (October 23, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kentucky.com/latest-news/article43980846.html">"McConnell opens military record"</a>. <i>Lexington Herald-Leader</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190105185126/https://www.kentucky.com/latest-news/article43980846.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 5, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lexington+Herald-Leader&rft.atitle=McConnell+opens+military+record&rft.date=2008-10-23&rft.aulast=Cheves&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kentucky.com%2Flatest-news%2Farticle43980846.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MacGillis-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacGillis_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacGillis_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacGillis_25-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacGillis_25-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacGillis2014" class="citation book cs1">MacGillis, Alec (2014). <i><a href="/wiki/The_Cynic:_The_Political_Education_of_Mitch_McConnell" title="The Cynic: The Political Education of Mitch McConnell">The Cynic: The Political Education of Mitch McConnell</a></i>. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5011-1203-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-5011-1203-4"><bdi>978-1-5011-1203-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cynic%3A+The+Political+Education+of+Mitch+McConnell&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-5011-1203-4&rft.aulast=MacGillis&rft.aufirst=Alec&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-weiser-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-weiser_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-weiser_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeiser2002" class="citation news cs1">Weiser, Carl (September 23, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120529190844/http://www.enquirer.com/editions/2002/09/23/loc_military_service.html">"Military service rare on delegation"</a>. <i>The Cincinnati Enquirer</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.enquirer.com/editions/2002/09/23/loc_military_service.html">the original</a> on May 29, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 3,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Cincinnati+Enquirer&rft.atitle=Military+service+rare+on+delegation&rft.date=2002-09-23&rft.aulast=Weiser&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.enquirer.com%2Feditions%2F2002%2F09%2F23%2Floc_military_service.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/2002MilitaryServiceRareWeiser2pppdfE1">Alt URL</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Although McConnell has allowed reporters to examine parts of his military record and take notes, he has refused to allow copies to be made or to disclose his entire record, despite calls by his opponents to do so. His time in service has also been the subject of criticism because his discharge was accelerated after his father placed a call to Senator <a href="/wiki/John_Sherman_Cooper" title="John Sherman Cooper">John Sherman Cooper</a>, who then sent a wire to the commanding general at Fort Knox advising that "Mitchell [is] anxious to clear post in order to enroll in <a href="/wiki/New_York_University" title="New York University">New York University</a> (NYU)". He was allowed to leave post just five days later, though McConnell maintains that no one helped him with his enlistment into or discharge from the reserves. According to McConnell, he struggled through the exercises at basic training and was sent to a doctor for a physical examination, which revealed McConnell's optic neuritis. McConnell did not attend NYU.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCheves2008" class="citation news cs1">Cheves, John (October 23, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kentucky.com/latest-news/article43980846.html">"McConnell opens military record"</a>. <i>Lexington Herald-Leader</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190105185126/https://www.kentucky.com/latest-news/article43980846.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 5, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lexington+Herald-Leader&rft.atitle=McConnell+opens+military+record&rft.date=2008-10-23&rft.aulast=Cheves&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kentucky.com%2Flatest-news%2Farticle43980846.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.republicanleader.senate.gov/about">"About Mitch McConnell | Republican Leader"</a>. <i>Republican Leader</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220105112217/https://www.republicanleader.senate.gov/about">Archived</a> from the original on January 5, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 6,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Republican+Leader&rft.atitle=About+Mitch+McConnell+%7C+Republican+Leader&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.republicanleader.senate.gov%2Fabout&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-memoir4-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-memoir4_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-memoir4_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-memoir4_29-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-memoir4_29-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-memoir4_29-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-memoir4_29-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcConnell2016" class="citation book cs1">McConnell, Mitch (May 31, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9cO3CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA40">"Chapter Four: You can start too late, but never too soon"</a>. <i>The Long Game: a Memoir</i>. Penguin. p. 40. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780399564123" title="Special:BookSources/9780399564123"><bdi>9780399564123</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806044152/https://books.google.com/books?id=9cO3CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA40">Archived</a> from the original on August 6, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 27,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+Four%3A+You+can+start+too+late%2C+but+never+too+soon&rft.btitle=The+Long+Game%3A+a+Memoir&rft.pages=40&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=2016-05-31&rft.isbn=9780399564123&rft.aulast=McConnell&rft.aufirst=Mitch&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9cO3CgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA40&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170509035045/http://www.loc.gov/law/find/nominations/rehnquist-cj/hearing.pdf">"Nomination of Justice William Hubbs Rehnquist"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/law/find/nominations/rehnquist-cj/hearing.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on May 9, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 6,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Let%27s+just+say+it%3A+The+Republicans+are+the+problem.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fopinions%2Flets-just-say-it-the-republicans-are-the-problem%2F2012%2F04%2F27%2FgIQAxCVUlT_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMannOrnstein2016" class="citation book cs1">Mann, Thomas; Ornstein, Norman (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.basicbooks.com/titles/thomas-e-mann/its-even-worse-than-it-looks/9780465096206/"><i>It's Even Worse Than It Looks</i></a>. 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University of Chicago Press. p. 158. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180913114801/https://www.press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/D/bo27316263.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 13, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 6,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Democracy+in+America%3F&rft.pages=158&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.aulast=Page&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.au=Gilens%2C+Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.press.uchicago.edu%2Fucp%2Fbooks%2Fbook%2Fchicago%2FD%2Fbo27316263.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSkocpolJacobs2012" class="citation journal cs1">Skocpol, Theda; Jacobs, Lawrence R. (2012). "Accomplished and Embattled: Understanding Obama's Presidency". <i>Political Science Quarterly</i>. <b>127</b> (1): 1–24. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fj.1538-165x.2012.tb00718.x">10.1002/j.1538-165x.2012.tb00718.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0032-3195">0032-3195</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Political+Science+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Accomplished+and+Embattled%3A+Understanding+Obama%27s+Presidency&rft.volume=127&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=1-24&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fj.1538-165x.2012.tb00718.x&rft.issn=0032-3195&rft.aulast=Skocpol&rft.aufirst=Theda&rft.au=Jacobs%2C+Lawrence+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSlotnickSchiavoniGoldman2017" class="citation journal cs1">Slotnick, Elliot; Schiavoni, Sara; Goldman, Sheldon (2017). "Obama's Judicial Legacy: The Final Chapter". <i>Journal of Law and Courts</i>. <b>5</b> (2): 363–422. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F693347">10.1086/693347</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2164-6570">2164-6570</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:158940942">158940942</a>. <q>the major responsibility for the obstruction and delay of Obama judges in the 114th Congress falls to Majority Leader McConnell and the allied leadership in the Republican Senate caucus</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Law+and+Courts&rft.atitle=Obama%27s+Judicial+Legacy%3A+The+Final+Chapter&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=363-422&rft.date=2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A158940942%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=2164-6570&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F693347&rft.aulast=Slotnick&rft.aufirst=Elliot&rft.au=Schiavoni%2C+Sara&rft.au=Goldman%2C+Sheldon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHetheringtonRudolph2018" class="citation book cs1">Hetherington, Marc J.; Rudolph, Thomas J. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 24,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=As+the+Gorsuch+nomination+proceeds%2C+this+man+is+taking+credit%3A+Mitch+McConnell&rft.date=2017-02-18&rft.issn=0190-8286&rft.aulast=Kane&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fpowerpost%2Fas-the-gorsuch-nomination-proceeds-this-man-is-taking-credit-mitch-mcconnell%2F2017%2F02%2F18%2Fa9d66a46-f5eb-11e6-b9c9-e83fce42fb61_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/common/briefing/Campaign_Committee_Chair.htm">"Senatorial Campaign Committee Chairs"</a>. <i>United States Senate</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190109034057/https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/common/briefing/Campaign_Committee_Chair.htm">Archived</a> from the original on January 9, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 8,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+States+Senate&rft.atitle=Senatorial+Campaign+Committee+Chairs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.senate.gov%2Fartandhistory%2Fhistory%2Fcommon%2Fbriefing%2FCampaign_Committee_Chair.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDwyreFarrar-Myers2001" class="citation book cs1">Dwyre, Diana; Farrar-Myers, Victoria A. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/legislativelabyr00dian/page/35"><i>Legislative labyrinth</i></a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 29,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Roll+Call+of+Votes+on+Articles+of+Impeachment&rft.date=1999-02-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.nytimes.com%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Flibrary%2Fpolitics%2F021399ap-rollcall-vote.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTillett,_Emily2018" class="citation web cs1">Tillett, Emily (June 12, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/mitch-mcconnell-becomes-longest-serving-republican-leader-in-history-of-senate/">"Mitch McConnell becomes longest-serving Republican leader in history of Senate"</a>. <i>cbsnews.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200804015232/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/mitch-mcconnell-becomes-longest-serving-republican-leader-in-history-of-senate/">Archived</a> from the original on August 4, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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November 16, 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200804231528/https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=6498333">Archived</a> from the original on August 4, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NPR.org&rft.atitle=McConnell+Is+Senate%27s+New+Top+Republican&rft.date=2006-11-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2Ftemplates%2Fstory%2Fstory.php%3FstoryId%3D6498333&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarroll,_James_R." class="citation news cs1">Carroll, James R. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2015/01/06/mitch-mcconnell-senate-majority-leader/21336659/">"McConnell takes the reins as Senate majority leader"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200804030729/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2015/01/06/mitch-mcconnell-senate-majority-leader/21336659/">Archived</a> from the original on August 4, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Mitch+McConnell+makes+Senate+history+as+longest-serving+Republican+leader&rft.date=2018-06-12&rft.aulast=Barrett&rft.aufirst=Ted&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2018%2F06%2F12%2Fpolitics%2Fmitch-mcconnell-longest-serving-gop-senate-leader%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.laruecountyherald.com/content/mcconnell-becomes-longest-serving-senator-kentucky">"McConnell becomes longest-serving senator from Kentucky"</a>. LaRue County (Kentucky) Herald Tribune. January 14, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130302223550/http://www.laruecountyherald.com/content/mcconnell-becomes-longest-serving-senator-kentucky">Archived</a> from the original on March 2, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 13,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=McConnell+becomes+longest-serving+senator+from+Kentucky&rft.pub=LaRue+County+%28Kentucky%29+Herald+Tribune&rft.date=2009-01-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.laruecountyherald.com%2Fcontent%2Fmcconnell-becomes-longest-serving-senator-kentucky&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Costa-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Costa_44-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Costa_44-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCosta2013" class="citation book cs1">Costa, Robert (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/americangovernme0000unse">"Master of the Senate: Mitchell McConnell gets the job done"</a>. In Stinebrickner, Bruce (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/americangovernme0000unse/page/100"><i>American Government 12/13</i></a> (42nd ed.). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 2,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Atlantic&rft.atitle=Strict+Obstructionist&rft.date=2011-01-04&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=Joshua&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fmagazine%2Farchive%2F2011%2F01%2Fstrict-obstructionist%2F308344%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/news/united-states/21629419-mitch-mcconnell-may-soon-be-one-most-powerful-people-america-new-master">"The new master of the Senate?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a></i>. 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Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 85–86, 195. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780190262044" title="Special:BookSources/9780190262044"><bdi>9780190262044</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200628005402/https://global.oup.com/academic/product/health-care-reform-and-american-politics-9780190262044?cc=is&lang=en&">Archived</a> from the original on June 28, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press. p. 234. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199890750" title="Special:BookSources/9780199890750"><bdi>9780199890750</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181010131533/https://global.oup.com/academic/product/framed-9780199890750?cc=us&lang=en&">Archived</a> from the original on October 10, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Penguin Randomhouse. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181211150321/https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/562246/how-democracies-die-by-steven-levitsky-and-daniel-ziblatt/9781524762933/">Archived</a> from the original on December 11, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Mann (September 19, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2017/09/gop-decay-of-political-norms/540165/">"How the GOP Prompted the Decay of Political Norms"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic">The Atlantic</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181008061326/https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2017/09/gop-decay-of-political-norms/540165/">Archived</a> from the original on October 8, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 8,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Atlantic&rft.atitle=How+the+GOP+Prompted+the+Decay+of+Political+Norms&rft.date=2017-09-19&rft.au=E.J.+Dionne+Jr.&rft.au=Norm+Ornstein&rft.au=Thomas+E.+Mann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fpolitics%2Farchive%2F2017%2F09%2Fgop-decay-of-political-norms%2F540165%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mounk-2018-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mounk-2018_59-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mounk-2018_59-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMounk2018" class="citation book cs1">Mounk, Yascha (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674976825"><i>The People vs. Democracy</i></a>. Harvard University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780674976825" title="Special:BookSources/9780674976825"><bdi>9780674976825</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181127131526/http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674976825">Archived</a> from the original on November 27, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 14,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+People+vs.+Democracy&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9780674976825&rft.aulast=Mounk&rft.aufirst=Yascha&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hup.harvard.edu%2Fcatalog.php%3Fisbn%3D9780674976825&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKessler,_Glenn2012" class="citation news cs1">Kessler, Glenn (September 25, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/fact-checker/post/when-did-mcconnell-say-he-wanted-to-make-obama-a-one-term-president/2012/09/24/79fd5cd8-0696-11e2-afff-d6c7f20a83bf_blog.html">"When did McConnell say he wanted to make Obama a 'one-term president'?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140822191007/http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/fact-checker/post/when-did-mcconnell-say-he-wanted-to-make-obama-a-one-term-president/2012/09/24/79fd5cd8-0696-11e2-afff-d6c7f20a83bf_blog.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 22, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 14,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=When+did+McConnell+say+he+wanted+to+make+Obama+a+%27one-term+president%27%3F&rft.date=2012-09-25&rft.au=Kessler%2C+Glenn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fblogs%2Ffact-checker%2Fpost%2Fwhen-did-mcconnell-say-he-wanted-to-make-obama-a-one-term-president%2F2012%2F09%2F24%2F79fd5cd8-0696-11e2-afff-d6c7f20a83bf_blog.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-amnesia-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-amnesia_61-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-amnesia_61-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-amnesia_61-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHackerPierson2017" class="citation book cs1">Hacker, Jacob; Pierson, Paul (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.simonandschuster.com/books/American-Amnesia/Jacob-S-Hacker/9781451667837"><i>American Amnesia</i></a>. Simon and Schuster. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781451667837" title="Special:BookSources/9781451667837"><bdi>9781451667837</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181118185320/http://www.simonandschuster.com/books/American-Amnesia/Jacob-S-Hacker/9781451667837">Archived</a> from the original on November 18, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 6,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Amnesia&rft.pub=Simon+and+Schuster&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9781451667837&rft.aulast=Hacker&rft.aufirst=Jacob&rft.au=Pierson%2C+Paul&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.simonandschuster.com%2Fbooks%2FAmerican-Amnesia%2FJacob-S-Hacker%2F9781451667837&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNagourney2010" class="citation news cs1">Nagourney, <a href="/wiki/Carl_Hulse" title="Carl Hulse">Carl Hulse</a> and Adam (March 17, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/17/us/politics/17mcconnell.html">"McConnell Strategy Shuns Bipartisanship"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190330103528/https://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/17/us/politics/17mcconnell.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 30, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 5,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=McConnell+Strategy+Shuns+Bipartisanship&rft.date=2010-03-17&rft.aulast=Nagourney&rft.aufirst=Carl+Hulse+and+Adam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2010%2F03%2F17%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2F17mcconnell.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKruseZelizer2019" class="citation book cs1">Kruse, Kevin; Zelizer, Julian (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.penguinrandomhouse.ca/books/605403/fault-lines-by-kevin-m-kruse/9780393088663"><i>Fault Lines: A History of the United States Since 1974</i></a>. W.W. Norton. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190114210912/https://www.penguinrandomhouse.ca/books/605403/fault-lines-by-kevin-m-kruse/9780393088663">Archived</a> from the original on January 14, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 14,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fault+Lines%3A+A+History+of+the+United+States+Since+1974&rft.pub=W.W.+Norton&rft.date=2019&rft.aulast=Kruse&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.au=Zelizer%2C+Julian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.penguinrandomhouse.ca%2Fbooks%2F605403%2Ffault-lines-by-kevin-m-kruse%2F9780393088663&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fishkin-2018-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Fishkin-2018_64-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fishkin-2018_64-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fishkin-2018_64-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFishkinPozen2018" class="citation news cs1">Fishkin, Joseph; Pozen, David E. (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://columbialawreview.org/content/asymmetric-constitutional-hardball/">"Asymmetric Constitutional Hardball"</a>. <i>Columbia Law Review</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190119095233/https://columbialawreview.org/content/asymmetric-constitutional-hardball/">Archived</a> from the original on January 19, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Columbia+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Asymmetric+Constitutional+Hardball&rft.date=2018&rft.aulast=Fishkin&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.au=Pozen%2C+David+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcolumbialawreview.org%2Fcontent%2Fasymmetric-constitutional-hardball%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKoger2016" class="citation book cs1">Koger, Gregory (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rowman.com/ISBN/9781442258723/Party-and-Procedure-in-the-United-States-Congress-Second-Edition"><i>Party and Procedure in the United States Congress, Second Edition</i></a>. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 223. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181011214754/https://rowman.com/ISBN/9781442258723/Party-and-Procedure-in-the-United-States-Congress-Second-Edition">Archived</a> from the original on October 11, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 11,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Party+and+Procedure+in+the+United+States+Congress%2C+Second+Edition&rft.pages=223&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=Koger&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frowman.com%2FISBN%2F9781442258723%2FParty-and-Procedure-in-the-United-States-Congress-Second-Edition&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Schickler-2011-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Schickler-2011_66-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schickler-2011_66-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchicklerWawro2011" class="citation journal cs1">Schickler, Eric; Wawro, Gregory J. (January 3, 2011). "What the Filibuster Tells Us About the Senate". <i>The Forum</i>. <b>9</b> (4). <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2202%2F1540-8884.1483">10.2202/1540-8884.1483</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1540-8884">1540-8884</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:144114653">144114653</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Forum&rft.atitle=What+the+Filibuster+Tells+Us+About+the+Senate&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=4&rft.date=2011-01-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A144114653%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1540-8884&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2202%2F1540-8884.1483&rft.aulast=Schickler&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.au=Wawro%2C+Gregory+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlassman2018" class="citation news cs1">Glassman, Matt (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2018/12/11/wisconsins-and-michigans-legislatures-are-trying-to-weaken-incoming-governors-should-you-be-worried/">"Republicans in Wisconsin and Michigan want to weaken incoming Democratic governors. Here's what's the usual partisan politics – and what isn't"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181211132519/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2018/12/11/wisconsins-and-michigans-legislatures-are-trying-to-weaken-incoming-governors-should-you-be-worried/">Archived</a> from the original on December 11, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 14,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Republicans+in+Wisconsin+and+Michigan+want+to+weaken+incoming+Democratic+governors.+Here%27s+what%27s+the+usual+partisan+politics+%E2%80%93+and+what+isn%27t.&rft.date=2018&rft.aulast=Glassman&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnews%2Fmonkey-cage%2Fwp%2F2018%2F12%2F11%2Fwisconsins-and-michigans-legislatures-are-trying-to-weaken-incoming-governors-should-you-be-worried%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTimm,_Jane_C.2018" class="citation web cs1">Timm, Jane C. (June 28, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/mcconnell-went-nuclear-confirm-gorsuch-democrats-changed-senate-filibuster-rules-n887271">"McConnell went 'nuclear' to confirm Gorsuch. But Democrats changed Senate filibuster rules first"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/NBC_News" title="NBC News">NBC News</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181212052906/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/mcconnell-went-nuclear-confirm-gorsuch-democrats-changed-senate-filibuster-rules-n887271">Archived</a> from the original on December 12, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 10,</span> 2020</span> – via www.washingtonpost.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=GOP+splits+over+Trump%27s+false+election+claims%2C+unfounded+fraud+allegations&rft.issn=0190-8286&rft.aulast=Shepherd&rft.aufirst=Katie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnation%2F2020%2F11%2F06%2Frepublicans-split-trump-election-fraud%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAxios2020" class="citation web cs1">Axios (November 9, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.axios.com/mcconnell-defends-trump-election-concede-b141484c-a5b7-470c-adc2-bf99d6ed9f4a.html">"McConnell defends Trump's refusal to concede to Biden"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Axios_(website)" title="Axios (website)">Axios</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201110071726/https://www.axios.com/mcconnell-defends-trump-election-concede-b141484c-a5b7-470c-adc2-bf99d6ed9f4a.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 10, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 10,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Axios&rft.atitle=McConnell+defends+Trump%27s+refusal+to+concede+to+Biden&rft.date=2020-11-09&rft.au=Axios&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.axios.com%2Fmcconnell-defends-trump-election-concede-b141484c-a5b7-470c-adc2-bf99d6ed9f4a.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/12/15/politics/mitch-mcconnell-congratulates-joe-biden/index.html">"McConnell for the first time recognizes Biden as President-elect"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 8,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Analysis+%7C+Mitch+McConnell%27s+forceful+rejection+of+Trump%27s+election+%27conspiracy+theories%27&rft.date=2021-01-06&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=Amber&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fpolitics%2F2021%2F01%2F06%2Fmitch-mcconnells-forceful-rejection-trumps-election-conspiracy-theories%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFandosCochraneSullivanThrush2021" class="citation news cs1">Fandos, Nicholas; Cochrane, Emily; Sullivan, Eileen; Thrush, Glenn; Kanno-Youngs, Zolan; Martin, Jonathan (January 6, 2021). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/06/us/politics/insurrection.html">"Resuming electoral counting, McConnell condemns the mob assault on the Capitol as a 'failed insurrection.'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210107042449/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/06/us/politics/insurrection.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 7, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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How McConnell survived a year of Trump's attacks". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kentucky.com/news/politics-government/article256766102.html">Lexington Herald-Leader website</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211224001820/https://www.kentucky.com/news/politics-government/article256766102.html">Archived</a> December 24, 2021, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Retrieved December 22, 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLevine,_Marianne2019" class="citation web cs1">Levine, Marianne (November 5, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.com/news/2019/11/05/mcconell-senate-acquit-trump-066103">"McConnell says Senate would acquit Trump if trial held today"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201030221116/https://www.politico.com/news/2019/11/05/mcconell-senate-acquit-trump-066103">Archived</a> from the original on October 30, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 20,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Trump+impeachment+debate&rft.date=2019-12-17&rft.au=Coogan%2C+Steve&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Famp.usatoday.com%2Famp%2F2678381001&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorganCornwell2019" class="citation news cs1">Morgan, David; Cornwell, Susan (December 17, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-impeachment/top-senate-republican-opposes-demand-for-witnesses-in-trump-impeachment-trial-idUSKBN1YL15V?il=0">"On eve of expected impeachment, Trump lashes out at Pelosi, Democrats"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201120195825/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-trump-impeachment/top-senate-republican-opposes-demand-for-witnesses-in-trump-impeachment-trial-idUSKBN1YL15V?il=0">Archived</a> from the original on November 20, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 20,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=On+eve+of+expected+impeachment%2C+Trump+lashes+out+at+Pelosi%2C+Democrats&rft.date=2019-12-17&rft.aulast=Morgan&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Cornwell%2C+Susan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-usa-trump-impeachment%2Ftop-senate-republican-opposes-demand-for-witnesses-in-trump-impeachment-trial-idUSKBN1YL15V%3Fil%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBolton2020" class="citation web cs1">Bolton, Alexander (February 7, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/481953-mcconnell-displays-mastery-of-senate-with-impeachment-victory/">"McConnell displays mastery of Senate with impeachment victory"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hill_(newspaper)" title="The Hill (newspaper)">The Hill</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200217072734/https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/481953-mcconnell-displays-mastery-of-senate-with-impeachment-victory">Archived</a> from the original on February 17, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hill&rft.atitle=McConnell+displays+mastery+of+Senate+with+impeachment+victory&rft.date=2020-02-07&rft.aulast=Bolton&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthehill.com%2Fhomenews%2Fsenate%2F481953-mcconnell-displays-mastery-of-senate-with-impeachment-victory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCillizza2020" class="citation web cs1">Cillizza, Chris (January 31, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2020/01/31/politics/mitch-mcconnell-donald-trump-senate-impeachment-trial/index.html">"How Mitch McConnell pulled off a near-impossible impeachment feat"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200218045052/https://www.cnn.com/2020/01/31/politics/mitch-mcconnell-donald-trump-senate-impeachment-trial/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 18, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=How+Mitch+McConnell+pulled+off+a+near-impossible+impeachment+feat&rft.date=2020-01-31&rft.aulast=Cillizza&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2020%2F01%2F31%2Fpolitics%2Fmitch-mcconnell-donald-trump-senate-impeachment-trial%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFritzeWuJackson" class="citation web cs1">Fritze, John; Wu, Nicholas; Jackson, David. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2020/02/06/senate-impeachment-trial-how-trump-mcconnell-kept-gop-line/4669695002/">"Charm, patience and Twitter tactics: How Trump, McConnell kept GOP in line on impeachment"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200218072817/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2020/02/06/senate-impeachment-trial-how-trump-mcconnell-kept-gop-line/4669695002/">Archived</a> from the original on February 18, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=Charm%2C+patience+and+Twitter+tactics%3A+How+Trump%2C+McConnell+kept+GOP+in+line+on+impeachment&rft.aulast=Fritze&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Wu%2C+Nicholas&rft.au=Jackson%2C+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2F2020%2F02%2F06%2Fsenate-impeachment-trial-how-trump-mcconnell-kept-gop-line%2F4669695002%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartinHaberman2021" class="citation news cs1">Martin, Jonathan; Haberman, Maggie (January 12, 2021). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/12/us/mitch-mcconnell-trump-impeachment.html">"McConnell is said to be pleased about impeachment, believing it will be easier to purge Trump from the G.O.P."</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210112214332/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/12/us/mitch-mcconnell-trump-impeachment.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 12, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 12,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=McConnell+is+said+to+be+pleased+about+impeachment%2C+believing+it+will+be+easier+to+purge+Trump+from+the+G.O.P.&rft.date=2021-01-12&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.au=Haberman%2C+Maggie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2021%2F01%2F12%2Fus%2Fmitch-mcconnell-trump-impeachment.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBolton2021" class="citation web cs1">Bolton, Alexander (January 13, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/534053-mcconnell-wont-agree-to-reconvene-senate-early-for-impeachment-trial/">"McConnell won't agree to reconvene Senate early for impeachment trial"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hill_(newspaper)" title="The Hill (newspaper)">The Hill</a></i>. Capitol Hill Publishing Corp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210113193717/https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/534053-mcconnell-wont-agree-to-reconvene-senate-early-for-impeachment-trial">Archived</a> from the original on January 13, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 14,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hill&rft.atitle=McConnell+won%27t+agree+to+reconvene+Senate+early+for+impeachment+trial&rft.date=2021-01-13&rft.aulast=Bolton&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthehill.com%2Fhomenews%2Fsenate%2F534053-mcconnell-wont-agree-to-reconvene-senate-early-for-impeachment-trial%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatkins" class="citation web cs1">Watkins, Morgan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.courier-journal.com/story/news/politics/2021/02/09/big-vote-mitch-mcconnell-opposes-trump-trials-constitutionality/4454794001/">"In Senate vote, McConnell opposes Trump impeachment trial's constitutionality"</a>. <i>The Courier-Journal</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240129062342/https://www.courier-journal.com/story/news/politics/2021/02/09/big-vote-mitch-mcconnell-opposes-trump-trials-constitutionality/4454794001/">Archived</a> from the original on January 29, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 11,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Courier-Journal&rft.atitle=In+Senate+vote%2C+McConnell+opposes+Trump+impeachment+trial%27s+constitutionality&rft.aulast=Watkins&rft.aufirst=Morgan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.courier-journal.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2F2021%2F02%2F09%2Fbig-vote-mitch-mcconnell-opposes-trump-trials-constitutionality%2F4454794001%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerman" class="citation web cs1">Berman, Ari. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.motherjones.com/mojo-wire/2021/02/mitch-mcconnell-delayed-trumps-impeachment-trial-now-he-says-the-delay-makes-it-unconstitutional/">"Mitch McConnell delayed Trump's impeachment trial. Now he says the delay makes it unconstitutional"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Mother_Jones_(magazine)" title="Mother Jones (magazine)">Mother Jones</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210419074210/https://www.motherjones.com/mojo-wire/2021/02/mitch-mcconnell-delayed-trumps-impeachment-trial-now-he-says-the-delay-makes-it-unconstitutional/">Archived</a> from the original on April 19, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 11,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mother+Jones&rft.atitle=Mitch+McConnell+delayed+Trump%27s+impeachment+trial.+Now+he+says+the+delay+makes+it+unconstitutional.&rft.aulast=Berman&rft.aufirst=Ari&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.motherjones.com%2Fmojo-wire%2F2021%2F02%2Fmitch-mcconnell-delayed-trumps-impeachment-trial-now-he-says-the-delay-makes-it-unconstitutional%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210219215356/https://www.startribune.com/trump-acquitted-denounced-in-historic-impeachment-trial/600022669/">"Trump acquitted, denounced in historic impeachment trial"</a>. <i>Star Tribune</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.startribune.com/trump-acquitted-denounced-in-historic-impeachment-trial/600022669/">the original</a> on February 19, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 13,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=McConnell+blames+Trump+but+voted+not+guilty+anyway&rft.date=2021-02-13&rft.aulast=Rogers&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft.au=Raju%2C+Manu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2021%2F02%2F13%2Fpolitics%2Fmitch-mcconnell-acquit-trump%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-republicanleader.senate.gov-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-republicanleader.senate.gov_105-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-republicanleader.senate.gov_105-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.republicanleader.senate.gov/newsroom/remarks/mcconnell-on-impeachment-disgraceful-dereliction-cannot-lead-senate-to-defy-our-own-constitutional-guardrails">"McConnell on Impeachment: 'Disgraceful Dereliction"" Cannot Lead Senate to 'Defy Our Own Constitutional Guardrails'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>republicanleader.senate.gov</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210213231557/https://www.republicanleader.senate.gov/newsroom/remarks/mcconnell-on-impeachment-disgraceful-dereliction-cannot-lead-senate-to-defy-our-own-constitutional-guardrails">Archived</a> from the original on February 13, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 13,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=republicanleader.senate.gov&rft.atitle=McConnell+on+Impeachment%3A+%27Disgraceful+Dereliction%22%22+Cannot+Lead+Senate+to+%27Defy+Our+Own+Constitutional+Guardrails%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.republicanleader.senate.gov%2Fnewsroom%2Fremarks%2Fmcconnell-on-impeachment-disgraceful-dereliction-cannot-lead-senate-to-defy-our-own-constitutional-guardrails&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEverett2021" class="citation web cs1">Everett, Burgess (May 27, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.com/news/2021/05/27/republicans-to-block-january-6-commission-491162">"Senate Republicans prepared to block Jan. 6 commission"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210601030852/https://www.politico.com/news/2021/05/27/republicans-to-block-january-6-commission-491162">Archived</a> from the original on June 1, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 27,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=Senate+Republicans+prepared+to+block+Jan.+6+commission&rft.date=2021-05-27&rft.aulast=Everett&rft.aufirst=Burgess&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fnews%2F2021%2F05%2F27%2Frepublicans-to-block-january-6-commission-491162&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/interactive/2021/january6-commission-senators-vote/">"Which senators supported a Jan. 6 Capitol riot commission"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. May 28, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210526225939/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/interactive/2021/january6-commission-senators-vote/">Archived</a> from the original on May 26, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 29,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Which+senators+supported+a+Jan.+6+Capitol+riot+commission&rft.date=2021-05-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fpolitics%2Finteractive%2F2021%2Fjanuary6-commission-senators-vote%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.com/news/2023/01/04/biden-kentucky-mcconnell-00076303">"Biden and McConnell's visit to Kentucky signals White House roadmap for next 2 years under split Congress"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a></i>. January 4, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230106185203/https://www.politico.com/news/2023/01/04/biden-kentucky-mcconnell-00076303">Archived</a> from the original on January 6, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 6,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=Biden+and+McConnell%27s+visit+to+Kentucky+signals+White+House+roadmap+for+next+2+years+under+split+Congress&rft.date=2023-01-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fnews%2F2023%2F01%2F04%2Fbiden-kentucky-mcconnell-00076303&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBCdebt21-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BBCdebt21_109-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-58820071">"Debt ceiling: What's next for the US debt limit"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>. October 15, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230525174756/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-58820071">Archived</a> from the original on May 25, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 27,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Debt+ceiling%3A+What%27s+next+for+the+US+debt+limit&rft.pub=BBC+News&rft.date=2021-10-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-us-canada-58820071&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McRemake-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-McRemake_110-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McRemake_110-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZengerle,_Jason2018" class="citation news cs1">Zengerle, Jason (August 22, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/22/magazine/trump-remaking-courts-judiciary.html">"How the Trump Administration Is Remaking the Courts"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180920111556/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/22/magazine/trump-remaking-courts-judiciary.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 20, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 20,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=How+the+Trump+Administration+Is+Remaking+the+Courts&rft.date=2018-08-22&rft.au=Zengerle%2C+Jason&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2018%2F08%2F22%2Fmagazine%2Ftrump-remaking-courts-judiciary.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerszenhornHulse2009" class="citation news cs1">Herszenhorn, David M.; Hulse, Carl (June 2, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/03/us/politics/03judge.html">"Parties Plot Strategy as Sotomayor Visits Capitol"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111016064816/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/03/us/politics/03judge.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 16, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Parties+Plot+Strategy+as+Sotomayor+Visits+Capitol&rft.date=2009-06-02&rft.aulast=Herszenhorn&rft.aufirst=David+M.&rft.au=Hulse%2C+Carl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2009%2F06%2F03%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2F03judge.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbdullah,_Halimah2009" class="citation news cs1">Abdullah, Halimah (July 17, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/politics-government/article24546766.html">"McConnell, Bunning agree: They'll vote no on Sotomayor"</a>. <i>McClatchyDC</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201117111641/https://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/politics-government/article24546766.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 17, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=McClatchyDC&rft.atitle=McConnell%2C+Bunning+agree%3A+They%27ll+vote+no+on+Sotomayor&rft.date=2009-07-17&rft.au=Abdullah%2C+Halimah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mcclatchydc.com%2Fnews%2Fpolitics-government%2Farticle24546766.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSavage2009" class="citation news cs1">Savage, Charlie (August 6, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/07/us/politics/07confirm.html">"Sotomayor Confirmed by Senate, 68-31"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200919051849/https://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/07/us/politics/07confirm.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 19, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Sotomayor+Confirmed+by+Senate%2C+68-31&rft.date=2009-08-06&rft.aulast=Savage&rft.aufirst=Charlie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2009%2F08%2F07%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2F07confirm.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFerraro,_Thomas2010" class="citation news cs1">Ferraro, Thomas (May 12, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-court-kagan/top-republican-challenges-kagans-independence-idUSTRE6490DU20100512">"Top Republican challenges Kagan's independence"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200804042252/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-court-kagan/top-republican-challenges-kagans-independence-idUSTRE6490DU20100512">Archived</a> from the original on August 4, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Top+Republican+challenges+Kagan%27s+independence&rft.date=2010-05-12&rft.au=Ferraro%2C+Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-usa-court-kagan%2Ftop-republican-challenges-kagans-independence-idUSTRE6490DU20100512&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStolberg,_Sheryl_Gay2010" class="citation news cs1">Stolberg, Sheryl Gay (July 2, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thecaucus.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/07/02/mcconnell-opposes-kagan/">"McConnell Opposes Kagan"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180921130555/https://thecaucus.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/07/02/mcconnell-opposes-kagan/">Archived</a> from the original on September 21, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 2,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=McConnell+Opposes+Kagan&rft.date=2010-07-02&rft.au=Stolberg%2C+Sheryl+Gay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthecaucus.blogs.nytimes.com%2F2010%2F07%2F02%2Fmcconnell-opposes-kagan%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArce2010" class="citation web cs1">Arce, Dwyer (August 5, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jurist.org/news/2010/08/senate-votes-to-confirm-kagan-to-supreme-court">"Senate votes to confirm Kagan to Supreme Court"</a>. <a href="/wiki/JURIST" class="mw-redirect" title="JURIST">JURIST</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110727205404/http://jurist.org/paperchase/2010/08/senate-votes-to-confirm-kagan-to-supreme-court.php">Archived</a> from the original on July 27, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 15,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Senate+votes+to+confirm+Kagan+to+Supreme+Court&rft.pub=JURIST&rft.date=2010-08-05&rft.aulast=Arce&rft.aufirst=Dwyer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jurist.org%2Fnews%2F2010%2F08%2Fsenate-votes-to-confirm-kagan-to-supreme-court&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSavage2016" class="citation web cs1">Savage, David (December 31, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-judges-trump-senate-20161231-story.html">"This Congress filled the fewest judgeships since 1952. That leaves a big opening for Trump"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190622091328/https://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-judges-trump-senate-20161231-story.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 22, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 13,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=This+Congress+filled+the+fewest+judgeships+since+1952.+That+leaves+a+big+opening+for+Trump&rft.date=2016-12-31&rft.aulast=Savage&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Fpolitics%2Fla-na-judges-trump-senate-20161231-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">According to the <a href="/wiki/Congressional_Research_Service" title="Congressional Research Service">Congressional Research Service</a>, on the first day of 2015, Obama had 3.9% of circuit court seats vacant, and 4.9% of district court seats vacant. By the first day of 2017, the figures had risen to 9.5% and 12.8% respectively. The 114th Congress confirmed 28.6% of Obama's circuit and district judge nominees; every other Congress in that research time frame (1977–2018, 95th to 115th Congress) had a confirmation rate of between 53% and 98%.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R45622.pdf">"Judicial Nomination Statistics and Analysis: U.S. District and Circuit Courts, 1977–2018"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Research_Service" title="Congressional Research Service">Congressional Research Service</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190716133048/https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R45622.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on July 16, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 13,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Congressional+Research+Service&rft.atitle=Judicial+Nomination+Statistics+and+Analysis%3A+U.S.+District+and+Circuit+Courts%2C+1977%E2%80%932018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffas.org%2Fsgp%2Fcrs%2Fmisc%2FR45622.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHirschfeld_Davis,_Julie2016" class="citation news cs1">Hirschfeld Davis, Julie (March 4, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/05/us/politics/three-more-judges-said-to-be-vetted-for-supreme-court.html">"Three More Judges Said to be Vetted for Supreme Court"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180824165143/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/05/us/politics/three-more-judges-said-to-be-vetted-for-supreme-court.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 24, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=McConnell+throws+down+the+gauntlet%3A+No+Scalia+replacement+under+Obama&rft.date=2016-02-13&rft.aulast=Everett&rft.aufirst=Burgess&rft.au=Trush%2C+Glenn&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fstory%2F2016%2F02%2Fmitch-mcconnell-antonin-scalia-supreme-court-nomination-219248&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShearHarris2016" class="citation news cs1">Shear, Michael D.; Harris, Gardiner (March 16, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/17/us/politics/obama-supreme-court-nominee.html">"Obama Chooses Merrick Garland for Supreme Court"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160316121409/http://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/17/us/politics/obama-supreme-court-nominee.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 16, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Obama+Chooses+Merrick+Garland+for+Supreme+Court&rft.date=2016-03-16&rft.aulast=Shear&rft.aufirst=Michael+D.&rft.au=Harris%2C+Gardiner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F03%2F17%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2Fobama-supreme-court-nominee.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTotenberg2016" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Nina_Totenberg" title="Nina Totenberg">Totenberg, Nina</a> (September 6, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2016/09/06/492857860/173-days-and-counting-gop-unlikely-to-end-blockade-on-garland-nomination-soon">"170-Plus Days And Counting: GOP Unlikely To End Supreme Court Blockade Soon"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/All_Things_Considered" title="All Things Considered">All Things Considered</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">NPR</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180930134026/https://www.npr.org/2016/09/06/492857860/173-days-and-counting-gop-unlikely-to-end-blockade-on-garland-nomination-soon">Archived</a> from the original on September 30, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=All+Things+Considered&rft.atitle=170-Plus+Days+And+Counting%3A+GOP+Unlikely+To+End+Supreme+Court+Blockade+Soon&rft.date=2016-09-06&rft.aulast=Totenberg&rft.aufirst=Nina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2016%2F09%2F06%2F492857860%2F173-days-and-counting-gop-unlikely-to-end-blockade-on-garland-nomination-soon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBravin2017" class="citation news cs1">Bravin, Jess (January 3, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/president-obamas-supreme-court-nomination-of-merrick-garland-expires-1483463952">"President Obama's Supreme Court Nomination of Merrick Garland Expires"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170310012617/https://www.wsj.com/articles/president-obamas-supreme-court-nomination-of-merrick-garland-expires-1483463952">Archived</a> from the original on March 10, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 3,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=President+Obama%27s+Supreme+Court+Nomination+of+Merrick+Garland+Expires&rft.date=2017-01-03&rft.aulast=Bravin&rft.aufirst=Jess&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fpresident-obamas-supreme-court-nomination-of-merrick-garland-expires-1483463952&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScarce,_Ed" class="citation web cs1">Scarce, Ed. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://crooksandliars.com/2016/08/mitch-mcconnell-mitch-mcconnell-proud">"Mitch McConnell: Proud Moment When I Told Obama 'You Will Not Fill This Supreme Court Vacancy'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Crooks and Liars</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180712030142/https://crooksandliars.com/2016/08/mitch-mcconnell-mitch-mcconnell-proud">Archived</a> from the original on July 12, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 2,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Crooks+and+Liars&rft.atitle=Mitch+McConnell%3A+Proud+Moment+When+I+Told+Obama+%27You+Will+Not+Fill+This+Supreme+Court+Vacancy%27&rft.au=Scarce%2C+Ed&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcrooksandliars.com%2F2016%2F08%2Fmitch-mcconnell-mitch-mcconnell-proud&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoarty,_Alex2016" class="citation web cs1">Roarty, Alex (August 8, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rollcall.com/news/politics/34561-2">"Tea Party-Aligned Kentucky Gov May End 95-Year Democratic Reign"</a>. rollcall.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160822072110/http://www.rollcall.com/news/politics/34561-2">Archived</a> from the original on August 22, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 21,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tea+Party-Aligned+Kentucky+Gov+May+End+95-Year+Democratic+Reign&rft.pub=rollcall.com&rft.date=2016-08-08&rft.au=Roarty%2C+Alex&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollcall.com%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2F34561-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlford,_Roger2018" class="citation news cs1">Alford, Roger (April 3, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kentuckytoday.com/stories/mcconnell-on-elections-the-wind-is-going-to-be-in-our-face,12674">"McConnell on midterm elections: 'The wind is going to be in our face'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Kentucky Today</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180404231010/http://kentuckytoday.com/stories/mcconnell-on-elections-the-wind-is-going-to-be-in-our-face,12674">Archived</a> from the original on April 4, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rowman.com/ISBN/9781538105757/The-Trump-Presidency-Initial-Appraisals"><i>The Trump Presidency: Outsider in the Oval Office</i></a>. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 71. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181011214805/https://rowman.com/ISBN/9781538105757/The-Trump-Presidency-Initial-Appraisals">Archived</a> from the original on October 11, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 30,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Columbia+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Constitutional+Hardball+vs.+Beanball%3A+Identifying+Fundamentally+Antidemocratic+Tactics&rft.aulast=Handelsman+Shugerman&rft.aufirst=Jed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcolumbialawreview.org%2Fcontent%2Fhardball-vs-beanball-identifying-fundamentally-antidemocratic-tactics%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAshbeeDumbrell2017" class="citation book cs1">Ashbee, Edward; Dumbrell, John, eds. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.palgrave.com/gp/book/9783319410326#aboutBook"><i>The Obama Presidency and the Politics of Change</i></a>. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 55, 62. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-319-41033-3">10.1007/978-3-319-41033-3</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-319-41032-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-319-41032-6"><bdi>978-3-319-41032-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181130202254/https://www.palgrave.com/gp/book/9783319410326#aboutBook">Archived</a> from the original on November 30, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 1,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Trump+picks+Colo.+appeals+court+judge+Neil+Gorsuch+for+Supreme+Court&rft.date=2017-01-31&rft.aulast=Barnes&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fpolitics%2Ftrump-picks-colo-appeals-court-judge-neil-gorsuch-for-supreme-court%2F2017%2F01%2F31%2F2b08a226-e55e-11e6-a547-5fb9411d332c_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLiptakFlegenheimer2017" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Adam_Liptak" title="Adam Liptak">Liptak, Adam</a>; Flegenheimer, Matt (April 8, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/07/us/politics/neil-gorsuch-supreme-court.html">"Neil Gorsuch Confirmed by Senate as Supreme Court Justice"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. p. A1. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190429054521/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/07/us/politics/neil-gorsuch-supreme-court.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 29, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 15,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Neil+Gorsuch+Confirmed+by+Senate+as+Supreme+Court+Justice&rft.pages=A1&rft.date=2017-04-08&rft.aulast=Liptak&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft.au=Flegenheimer%2C+Matt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F04%2F07%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2Fneil-gorsuch-supreme-court.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPlatoff2018" class="citation web cs1">Platoff, Emma (July 18, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.texastribune.org/2018/07/18/andrew-oldham-governor-greg-abbott-adviser-confirmed-5th-circuit/">"Senate confirms a top Abbott adviser, Andrew Oldham, to the 5th Circuit Court of Appeals"</a>. <i>The Texas Tribune</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180718234602/https://www.texastribune.org/2018/07/18/andrew-oldham-governor-greg-abbott-adviser-confirmed-5th-circuit/">Archived</a> from the original on July 18, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 18,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Texas+Tribune&rft.atitle=Senate+confirms+a+top+Abbott+adviser%2C+Andrew+Oldham%2C+to+the+5th+Circuit+Court+of+Appeals&rft.date=2018-07-18&rft.aulast=Platoff&rft.aufirst=Emma&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.texastribune.org%2F2018%2F07%2F18%2Fandrew-oldham-governor-greg-abbott-adviser-confirmed-5th-circuit%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarney2018" class="citation web cs1">Carney, Jordain (July 16, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thehill.com/blogs/floor-action/senate/397287-senate-gop-poised-to-break-record-on-trumps-court-picks/">"Senate GOP poised to break record on Trump's court picks"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hill_(newspaper)" title="The Hill (newspaper)">The Hill</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180717143906/http://thehill.com/blogs/floor-action/senate/397287-senate-gop-poised-to-break-record-on-trumps-court-picks">Archived</a> from the original on July 17, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 18,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hill&rft.atitle=Senate+GOP+poised+to+break+record+on+Trump%27s+court+picks&rft.date=2018-07-16&rft.aulast=Carney&rft.aufirst=Jordain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthehill.com%2Fblogs%2Ffloor-action%2Fsenate%2F397287-senate-gop-poised-to-break-record-on-trumps-court-picks%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBailey,_Phillip_M.2020" class="citation news cs1">Bailey, Phillip M. (March 16, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.courier-journal.com/story/news/politics/2020/03/16/mitch-mcconnell-urging-judges-retire-ahead-2020-election/5060303002/">"Mitch McConnell is quietly urging federal judges to retire ahead of 2020 election"</a>. <i>Louisville Courier Journal</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201120195810/https://www.courier-journal.com/story/news/politics/2020/03/16/mitch-mcconnell-urging-judges-retire-ahead-2020-election/5060303002/">Archived</a> from the original on November 20, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Louisville+Courier+Journal&rft.atitle=Mitch+McConnell+is+quietly+urging+federal+judges+to+retire+ahead+of+2020+election&rft.date=2020-03-16&rft.au=Bailey%2C+Phillip+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.courier-journal.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2F2020%2F03%2F16%2Fmitch-mcconnell-urging-judges-retire-ahead-2020-election%2F5060303002%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHulse,_Carl2020" class="citation news cs1">Hulse, Carl (March 16, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/16/us/politics/mcconnell-judges-republicans.html">"McConnell Has a Request for Veteran Federal Judges: Please Quit"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201018083419/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/16/us/politics/mcconnell-judges-republicans.html?action=click&module=Top%20Stories&pgtype=Homepage">Archived</a> from the original on October 18, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=McConnell+Has+a+Request+for+Veteran+Federal+Judges%3A+Please+Quit&rft.date=2020-03-16&rft.au=Hulse%2C+Carl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2020%2F03%2F16%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2Fmcconnell-judges-republicans.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarney2018" class="citation news cs1">Carney, Jordain (July 12, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thehill.com/blogs/floor-action/senate/396687-mcconnell-accuses-dems-of-trying-to-bork-kavanaugh/">"McConnell accuses Dems of trying to 'bork' Kavanaugh"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hill_(newspaper)" title="The Hill (newspaper)">The Hill</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181107145130/https://thehill.com/blogs/floor-action/senate/396687-mcconnell-accuses-dems-of-trying-to-bork-kavanaugh">Archived</a> from the original on November 7, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 7,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hill&rft.atitle=McConnell+accuses+Dems+of+trying+to+%27bork%27+Kavanaugh&rft.date=2018-07-12&rft.aulast=Carney&rft.aufirst=Jordain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthehill.com%2Fblogs%2Ffloor-action%2Fsenate%2F396687-mcconnell-accuses-dems-of-trying-to-bork-kavanaugh%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarney,_Jordain2018" class="citation news cs1">Carney, Jordain (September 24, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/408144-mcconnell-promises-senate-vote-on-kavanaugh/">"McConnell promises Senate vote on Kavanaugh"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hill_(newspaper)" title="The Hill (newspaper)">The Hill</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200813203259/https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/408144-mcconnell-promises-senate-vote-on-kavanaugh">Archived</a> from the original on August 13, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hill&rft.atitle=McConnell+promises+Senate+vote+on+Kavanaugh&rft.date=2018-09-24&rft.au=Carney%2C+Jordain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthehill.com%2Fhomenews%2Fsenate%2F408144-mcconnell-promises-senate-vote-on-kavanaugh%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFForan2018" class="citation news cs1">Foran, Clare (October 7, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2018/10/06/politics/kavanaugh-final-confirmation-vote/index.html">"Brett Kavanaugh confirmed to Supreme Court"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181106191954/https://www.cnn.com/2018/10/06/politics/kavanaugh-final-confirmation-vote/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 7,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Brett+Kavanaugh+confirmed+to+Supreme+Court&rft.date=2018-10-07&rft.aulast=Foran&rft.aufirst=Clare&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2018%2F10%2F06%2Fpolitics%2Fkavanaugh-final-confirmation-vote%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStolberg2018" class="citation news cs1">Stolberg, Sheryl Gay (October 6, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/06/us/politics/brett-kavanaugh-supreme-court.html">"Kavanaugh Is Sworn In After Close Confirmation Vote in Senate"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200913140833/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/06/us/politics/brett-kavanaugh-supreme-court.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 13, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Kavanaugh+Is+Sworn+In+After+Close+Confirmation+Vote+in+Senate&rft.date=2018-10-06&rft.aulast=Stolberg&rft.aufirst=Sheryl+Gay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2018%2F10%2F06%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2Fbrett-kavanaugh-supreme-court.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSamuels2018" class="citation news cs1">Samuels, Brett (October 7, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thehill.com/homenews/sunday-talk-shows/410289-mcconnell-simply-inaccurate-that-senate-is-broken-after-kavanaugh/">"McConnell: 'Simply inaccurate' that Senate is broken after Kavanaugh fight"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hill_(newspaper)" title="The Hill (newspaper)">The Hill</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181107185229/https://thehill.com/homenews/sunday-talk-shows/410289-mcconnell-simply-inaccurate-that-senate-is-broken-after-kavanaugh">Archived</a> from the original on November 7, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 7,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hill&rft.atitle=McConnell%3A+%27Simply+inaccurate%27+that+Senate+is+broken+after+Kavanaugh+fight&rft.date=2018-10-07&rft.aulast=Samuels&rft.aufirst=Brett&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthehill.com%2Fhomenews%2Fsunday-talk-shows%2F410289-mcconnell-simply-inaccurate-that-senate-is-broken-after-kavanaugh%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFViebeck,_Elise2018" class="citation news cs1">Viebeck, Elise (October 9, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/powerpost/mcconnell-signals-he-would-push-to-fill-a-supreme-court-vacancy-in-2020-despite-2016-example/2018/10/08/75ee6fce-cb2a-11e8-a360-85875bac0b1f_story.html">"McConnell signals he would push to fill a Supreme Court vacancy in 2020 despite 2016 example"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181012094421/https://www.washingtonpost.com/powerpost/mcconnell-signals-he-would-push-to-fill-a-supreme-court-vacancy-in-2020-despite-2016-example/2018/10/08/75ee6fce-cb2a-11e8-a360-85875bac0b1f_story.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 12, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 19,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=McConnell+vows+Trump%27s+nominee+to+replace+Ginsburg+will+get+Senate+vote%2C+setting+up+historic+fight&rft.date=2020-09-19&rft.aulast=Foran&rft.aufirst=Clare&rft.au=Raju%2C+Manu&rft.au=Barrett%2C+Ted&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2020%2F09%2F18%2Fpolitics%2Fcongress-fight-rgb-seat%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/mcconnell-senate-cloture-vote-amy-coney-barrett-nomination-watch-live-stream-today-2020-10-23">"Senate takes up Barrett nomination"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CBS_News" title="CBS News">CBS News</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201023200630/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/mcconnell-senate-cloture-vote-amy-coney-barrett-nomination-watch-live-stream-today-2020-10-23/">Archived</a> from the original on October 23, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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I am the guy that gets us out of shutdowns' | CNN Politics"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220106065340/https://www.cnn.com/2014/08/28/politics/mitch-mcconnell-shutdowns/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 6, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 6,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=McConnell%3A+%27Remember+me%3F+I+am+the+guy+that+gets+us+out+of+shutdowns%27+%7C+CNN+Politics&rft.date=2014-08-28&rft.aulast=Bash&rft.aufirst=Dana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2014%2F08%2F28%2Fpolitics%2Fmitch-mcconnell-shutdowns%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEhrlich2018" class="citation news cs1">Ehrlich, Jamie (July 30, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2018/07/30/politics/mitch-mcconnell-shutdown-president-trump/index.html">"McConnell said wall funding would 'probably' have to wait until after midterms. Trump threatened a shutdown two days later"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181206033408/https://www.cnn.com/2018/07/30/politics/mitch-mcconnell-shutdown-president-trump/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 6, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 9,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=McConnell+said+wall+funding+would+%27probably%27+have+to+wait+until+after+midterms.+Trump+threatened+a+shutdown+two+days+later&rft.date=2018-07-30&rft.aulast=Ehrlich&rft.aufirst=Jamie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2018%2F07%2F30%2Fpolitics%2Fmitch-mcconnell-shutdown-president-trump%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarney,_Jordain2018" class="citation news cs1">Carney, Jordain (October 23, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/403360-senate-passes-massive-spending-bill-on-defense-health-education/">"Senate approves sweeping bill on defense, domestic spending"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hill_(newspaper)" title="The Hill (newspaper)">The Hill</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200805110643/https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/403360-senate-passes-massive-spending-bill-on-defense-health-education">Archived</a> from the original on August 5, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hill&rft.atitle=Senate+approves+sweeping+bill+on+defense%2C+domestic+spending&rft.date=2018-10-23&rft.au=Carney%2C+Jordain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthehill.com%2Fhomenews%2Fsenate%2F403360-senate-passes-massive-spending-bill-on-defense-health-education%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarney,_Jordain2018" class="citation news cs1">Carney, Jordain (December 22, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/422600-mcconnell-knocks-dems-for-rejecting-trumps-reasonable-request-on-border/">"McConnell knocks Dems for rejecting Trump's 'reasonable request' on border"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hill_(newspaper)" title="The Hill (newspaper)">The Hill</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200804015536/https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/422600-mcconnell-knocks-dems-for-rejecting-trumps-reasonable-request-on-border">Archived</a> from the original on August 4, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hill&rft.atitle=McConnell+knocks+Dems+for+rejecting+Trump%27s+%27reasonable+request%27+on+border&rft.date=2018-12-22&rft.au=Carney%2C+Jordain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthehill.com%2Fhomenews%2Fsenate%2F422600-mcconnell-knocks-dems-for-rejecting-trumps-reasonable-request-on-border%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarney,_Jordain2019" class="citation news cs1">Carney, Jordain (January 2, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/423590-mcconnell-suggests-shutdown-could-last-for-weeks/">"McConnell suggests shutdown could last for weeks"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hill_(newspaper)" title="The Hill (newspaper)">The Hill</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200922153149/https://thehill.com/homenews/senate/423590-mcconnell-suggests-shutdown-could-last-for-weeks">Archived</a> from the original on September 22, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hill&rft.atitle=McConnell+suggests+shutdown+could+last+for+weeks&rft.date=2019-01-02&rft.au=Carney%2C+Jordain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthehill.com%2Fhomenews%2Fsenate%2F423590-mcconnell-suggests-shutdown-could-last-for-weeks%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bresnahan-2019-150"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bresnahan-2019_150-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bresnahan-2019_150-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBresnahanEverett2019" class="citation web cs1">Bresnahan, John; Everett, Burgess (January 4, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://politi.co/2F8BR6M">"McConnell keeps his head down as government shutdown drags on"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201120195811/https://www.politico.com/story/2019/01/04/mcconnell-government-shutdown-1080027">Archived</a> from the original on November 20, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Mitch McConnell shot them down"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Vox_(website)" title="Vox (website)">Vox</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190523202409/https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2019/1/10/18176932/senate-democrats-mitch-mcconnell-government-shutdown">Archived</a> from the original on May 23, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 23,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vox&rft.atitle=Senate+Democrats+pushed+a+vote+to+reopen+the+government.+Mitch+McConnell+shot+them+down.&rft.date=2019-01-10&rft.aulast=Nilsen&rft.aufirst=Ella&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vox.com%2Fpolicy-and-politics%2F2019%2F1%2F10%2F18176932%2Fsenate-democrats-mitch-mcconnell-government-shutdown&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Itkowitz-2019-152"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Itkowitz-2019_152-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Itkowitz-2019_152-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFItkowitz2019" class="citation news cs1">Itkowitz, Colby (January 11, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/01/11/mitch-mcconnell-could-end-shutdown-hes-sitting-this-one-out/">"Mitch McConnell could end the shutdown. But he's sitting this one out"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200905084251/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2019/01/11/mitch-mcconnell-could-end-shutdown-hes-sitting-this-one-out/">Archived</a> from the original on September 5, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Mitch+McConnell+could+end+the+shutdown.+But+he%27s+sitting+this+one+out.&rft.date=2019-01-11&rft.aulast=Itkowitz&rft.aufirst=Colby&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fpolitics%2F2019%2F01%2F11%2Fmitch-mcconnell-could-end-shutdown-hes-sitting-this-one-out%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarney,_Jordain2019" class="citation news cs1">Carney, Jordain (January 23, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thehill.com/blogs/floor-action/426668-mcconnell-blocks-bill-to-reopen-most-of-government/">"McConnell blocks bill to reopen most of government"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hill_(newspaper)" title="The Hill (newspaper)">The Hill</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190124044721/https://thehill.com/blogs/floor-action/426668-mcconnell-blocks-bill-to-reopen-most-of-government">Archived</a> from the original on January 24, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hill&rft.atitle=McConnell+blocks+bill+to+reopen+most+of+government&rft.date=2019-01-23&rft.au=Carney%2C+Jordain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthehill.com%2Fblogs%2Ffloor-action%2F426668-mcconnell-blocks-bill-to-reopen-most-of-government%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSullivanKane2019" class="citation news cs1">Sullivan, Sean; Kane, Paul (January 25, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/powerpost/this-is-your-fault-gop-senators-clash-over-shutdown-inside-private-luncheon/2019/01/24/cde0ca22-2045-11e9-8b59-0a28f2191131_story.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'This is your fault': GOP senators clash over shutdown inside private luncheon"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200923011602/https://www.washingtonpost.com/powerpost/this-is-your-fault-gop-senators-clash-over-shutdown-inside-private-luncheon/2019/01/24/cde0ca22-2045-11e9-8b59-0a28f2191131_story.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 23, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=%27This+is+your+fault%27%3A+GOP+senators+clash+over+shutdown+inside+private+luncheon&rft.date=2019-01-25&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.aufirst=Sean&rft.au=Kane%2C+Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fpowerpost%2Fthis-is-your-fault-gop-senators-clash-over-shutdown-inside-private-luncheon%2F2019%2F01%2F24%2Fcde0ca22-2045-11e9-8b59-0a28f2191131_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStolbergFandos2019" class="citation news cs1">Stolberg, Sheryl Gay; Fandos, Nicholas (January 3, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/03/us/politics/mcconnell-senate-republicans-shutdown.html">"McConnell Faces Pressure From Republicans to Stop Avoiding Shutdown Fight"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190115075719/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/01/03/us/politics/mcconnell-senate-republicans-shutdown.html">Archived</a> from the original on January 15, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 24,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=McConnell+Attacks+Huddleston+%E2%80%93+Part+1&rft.pub=YouTube&rft.date=2008-10-29&rft.au=kentuckyinsider&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DT4-4EPc2xvU&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-196"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-196">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFkentuckyinsider2008" class="citation web cs1">kentuckyinsider (October 29, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_K4KOhlZR9s">"McConnell Attacks Huddleston – Part 2"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(video)</span>. YouTube. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201120195903/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_K4KOhlZR9s">Archived</a> from the original on November 20, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 24,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=McConnell+Attacks+Huddleston+%E2%80%93+Part+2&rft.pub=YouTube&rft.date=2008-10-29&rft.au=kentuckyinsider&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D_K4KOhlZR9s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-197"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-197">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShaw2000" class="citation book cs1">Shaw, Catherine M. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/campaignmanagerr0000shaw">"Media--Radio and Television"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/campaignmanagerr0000shaw/page/201"><i>The campaign manager: running and winning local elections</i></a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 21,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=clerk.house.gov&rft.atitle=96+PRESIDENTIAL+and+CONGRESSIONAL+ELECTION+STATISTICS&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fclerk.house.gov%2Fmember_info%2FelectionInfo%2F1996%2F96Stat.htm%2312&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-201"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-201">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/2002/2002Stat.htm#17">"2002 ELECTION STATISTICS"</a>. <i>clerk.house.gov</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070105011809/http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/2002/2002Stat.htm#17">Archived</a> from the original on January 5, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 21,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=clerk.house.gov&rft.atitle=2002+ELECTION+STATISTICS&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fclerk.house.gov%2Fmember_info%2FelectionInfo%2F2002%2F2002Stat.htm%2317&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-202"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-202">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKillough2013" class="citation news cs1">Killough, Ashley (July 24, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200127103455/https://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2013/07/24/conservative-challenger-takes-on-top-senate-republican/">"Conservative challenger takes on top Senate Republican"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 9,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=US+Senate+Republican+leader+Mitch+McConnell+treated+for+concussion&rft.date=2023-03-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-us-canada-64898451&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-226"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-226">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoodman2023" class="citation web cs1">Goodman, Sylvia (August 17, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2023/08/16/1194115265/sen-mitch-mcconnells-health-issues-spotlights-kentuckys-succession-process">"Sen. Mitch McConnell's health issues spotlight Kentucky's succession process"</a>. <i>NPR</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230830233343/https://www.npr.org/2023/08/16/1194115265/sen-mitch-mcconnells-health-issues-spotlights-kentuckys-succession-process">Archived</a> from the original on August 30, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 30,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NPR&rft.atitle=Sen.+Mitch+McConnell%27s+health+issues+spotlight+Kentucky%27s+succession+process&rft.date=2023-08-17&rft.aulast=Goodman&rft.aufirst=Sylvia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2023%2F08%2F16%2F1194115265%2Fsen-mitch-mcconnells-health-issues-spotlights-kentuckys-succession-process&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-227"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-227">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKeck2023" class="citation web cs1">Keck, Matthew (July 27, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wlky.com/article/mitch-mcconnell-health-condition-update-freeze/44665233">"Mitch McConnell returns to Senate floor day after freezing during news conference"</a>. <i>WLKY</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230831000712/https://www.wlky.com/article/mitch-mcconnell-health-condition-update-freeze/44665233">Archived</a> from the original on August 31, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 31,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WLKY&rft.atitle=Mitch+McConnell+returns+to+Senate+floor+day+after+freezing+during+news+conference&rft.date=2023-07-27&rft.aulast=Keck&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wlky.com%2Farticle%2Fmitch-mcconnell-health-condition-update-freeze%2F44665233&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-228"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-228">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaakeKapur2023" class="citation web cs1">Haake, Garrett; Kapur, Sahil (July 26, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/mcconnell-fell-recently-dc-airport-prior-wednesdays-freeze-rcna96568">"McConnell fell recently at Washington, D.C.-area airport prior to Wednesday's freeze-up"</a>. <i>NBC News</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230831000228/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/mcconnell-fell-recently-dc-airport-prior-wednesdays-freeze-rcna96568">Archived</a> from the original on August 31, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 31,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NBC+News&rft.atitle=McConnell+fell+recently+at+Washington%2C+D.C.-area+airport+prior+to+Wednesday%27s+freeze-up&rft.date=2023-07-26&rft.aulast=Haake&rft.aufirst=Garrett&rft.au=Kapur%2C+Sahil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fpolitics%2Fcongress%2Fmcconnell-fell-recently-dc-airport-prior-wednesdays-freeze-rcna96568&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-229"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-229">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOsborne2023" class="citation web cs1">Osborne, Samuel (July 27, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.sky.com/story/senate-republican-leader-mitch-mcconnell-freezes-mid-sentence-and-stares-vacantly-for-around-20-seconds-during-press-conference-12928264">"Senate Republican leader Mitch McConnell freezes mid-sentence and stares vacantly for around 20 seconds during press conference"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Sky_News" title="Sky News">Sky News</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230727111031/https://news.sky.com/story/senate-republican-leader-mitch-mcconnell-freezes-mid-sentence-and-stares-vacantly-for-around-20-seconds-during-press-conference-12928264">Archived</a> from the original on July 27, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 28,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sky+News&rft.atitle=Senate+Republican+leader+Mitch+McConnell+freezes+mid-sentence+and+stares+vacantly+for+around+20+seconds+during+press+conference&rft.date=2023-07-27&rft.aulast=Osborne&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.sky.com%2Fstory%2Fsenate-republican-leader-mitch-mcconnell-freezes-mid-sentence-and-stares-vacantly-for-around-20-seconds-during-press-conference-12928264&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-230"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-230">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRajuRimmer2023" class="citation web cs1">Raju, Manu; Rimmer, Morgan (July 26, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edition.cnn.com/2023/07/26/politics/mitch-mcconnell-freezes-press-conference/index.html">"Mitch McConnell says he's 'fine' after freezing during news conference"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230726185938/https://edition.cnn.com/2023/07/26/politics/mitch-mcconnell-freezes-press-conference/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 26, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 26,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Mitch+McConnell+says+he%27s+%27fine%27+after+freezing+during+news+conference&rft.date=2023-07-26&rft.aulast=Raju&rft.aufirst=Manu&rft.au=Rimmer%2C+Morgan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2023%2F07%2F26%2Fpolitics%2Fmitch-mcconnell-freezes-press-conference%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-231"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-231">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKapurShabad2023" class="citation web cs1">Kapur, Sahil; Shabad, Rebecca (July 29, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/mitch-mcconnell-vows-serve-full-term-republican-leader-rcna96864">"Mitch McConnell vows to serve his full term as Republican leader"</a>. <i>NBC News</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230803203835/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/mitch-mcconnell-vows-serve-full-term-republican-leader-rcna96864">Archived</a> from the original on August 3, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 4,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NBC+News&rft.atitle=Mitch+McConnell+vows+to+serve+his+full+term+as+Republican+leader&rft.date=2023-07-29&rft.aulast=Kapur&rft.aufirst=Sahil&rft.au=Shabad%2C+Rebecca&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fpolitics%2Fcongress%2Fmitch-mcconnell-vows-serve-full-term-republican-leader-rcna96864&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-232"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-232">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThorp_V.2023" class="citation web cs1">Thorp V., Frank (August 30, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/sen-mitch-mcconnell-appears-freeze-kentucky-event-rcna102583">"Sen. Mitch McConnell appears to freeze again at a Kentucky event"</a>. <i>NBC News</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230830172427/https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/congress/sen-mitch-mcconnell-appears-freeze-kentucky-event-rcna102583">Archived</a> from the original on August 30, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 30,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NBC+News&rft.atitle=Sen.+Mitch+McConnell+appears+to+freeze+again+at+a+Kentucky+event&rft.date=2023-08-30&rft.aulast=Thorp+V.&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fpolitics%2Fcongress%2Fsen-mitch-mcconnell-appears-freeze-kentucky-event-rcna102583&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2023medical_letter-233"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2023medical_letter_233-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEverett2023" class="citation web cs1">Everett, Burgess [@burgessev] (August 31, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20240131162328/https://twitter.com/burgessev/status/1697315090582671825">"Capitol physician provides note on McConnell medically clearing him to continue his duties after yesterdays episode. Physician spoke to McConnell's neurology team and McConnell, per this note"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/burgessev/status/1697315090582671825">the original</a> on January 31, 2024 – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Capitol+physician+provides+note+on+McConnell+medically+clearing+him+to+continue+his+duties+after+yesterdays+episode.+Physician+spoke+to+McConnell%27s+neurology+team+and+McConnell%2C+per+this+note&rft.date=2023-08-31&rft.aulast=Everett&rft.aufirst=Burgess&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2Fburgessev%2Fstatus%2F1697315090582671825&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-234"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-234">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRajuWilsonGrayer2023" class="citation web cs1">Raju, Manu; Wilson, Kristin; Grayer, Annie (September 5, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2023/09/05/politics/mitch-mcconnell-health-latest/index.html">"Capitol Hill doctor: No evidence McConnell has seizure disorder or experienced stroke when freezing before cameras"</a>. <i>CNN</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230930003903/https://www.cnn.com/2023/09/05/politics/mitch-mcconnell-health-latest/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 30, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 1,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Capitol+Hill+doctor%3A+No+evidence+McConnell+has+seizure+disorder+or+experienced+stroke+when+freezing+before+cameras&rft.date=2023-09-05&rft.aulast=Raju&rft.aufirst=Manu&rft.au=Wilson%2C+Kristin&rft.au=Grayer%2C+Annie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2023%2F09%2F05%2Fpolitics%2Fmitch-mcconnell-health-latest%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-235"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-235">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDyche2009" class="citation book cs1">Dyche, John David (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7usMAQAAMAAJ"><i>Republican Leader: A Political Biography of Senator Mitch McConnell</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Intercollegiate_Studies_Institute" title="Intercollegiate Studies Institute">Intercollegiate Studies Institute</a>. p. 124. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-935191-59-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-935191-59-9"><bdi>978-1-935191-59-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200805232152/https://books.google.com/books?id=7usMAQAAMAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on August 5, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 6,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Republican+Leader%3A+A+Political+Biography+of+Senator+Mitch+McConnell&rft.pages=124&rft.pub=Intercollegiate+Studies+Institute&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-935191-59-9&rft.aulast=Dyche&rft.aufirst=John+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7usMAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-236"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-236">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSouthworth2008" class="citation book cs1">Southworth, Ann (2008). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lawyersofrightpr0000sout"><i>Lawyers of the right: professionalizing the conservative coalition</i></a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago_Press" title="University of Chicago Press">University of Chicago Press</a>. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lawyersofrightpr0000sout/page/30">30</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-226-76836-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-226-76836-6"><bdi>978-0-226-76836-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lawyers+of+the+right%3A+professionalizing+the+conservative+coalition&rft.pages=30&rft.pub=Chicago%3A+University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-226-76836-6&rft.aulast=Southworth&rft.aufirst=Ann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flawyersofrightpr0000sout&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-237"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-237">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.louthrustonsar.org/March%202013%20Newsletter.pdf">"The Long Rifleman Louisville-Thruston Chapter"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131004214246/http://www.louthrustonsar.org/March%202013%20Newsletter.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on October 4, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 19,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Long+Rifleman+Louisville-Thruston+Chapter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.louthrustonsar.org%2FMarch%25202013%2520Newsletter.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-238"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-238">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.multiplyinggood.org/who-we-are/team/board-of-selectors">"Board of Selectors"</a>. JeffersonAwards.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101124055949/http://www.jeffersonawards.org/board">Archived</a> from the original on November 24, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 19,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Board+of+Selectors&rft.pub=JeffersonAwards.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.multiplyinggood.org%2Fwho-we-are%2Fteam%2Fboard-of-selectors&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-net-worth-239"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-net-worth_239-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/net-worth?cid=N00003389">"Mitch McConnell – Net Worth – Personal Finances"</a>. <i>OpenSecrets.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416164926/https://www.opensecrets.org/personal-finances/net-worth?cid=N00003389">Archived</a> from the original on April 16, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OpenSecrets.org&rft.atitle=Mitch+McConnell+%E2%80%93+Net+Worth+%E2%80%93+Personal+Finances&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.opensecrets.org%2Fpersonal-finances%2Fnet-worth%3Fcid%3DN00003389&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-240"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-240">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBresnahan2009" class="citation news cs1">Bresnahan, John (June 12, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.com/story/2009/06/members-fortunes-see-steep-declines-023693">"Members' fortunes see steep declines"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150926133404/http://www.politico.com/story/2009/06/members-fortunes-see-steep-declines-023693">Archived</a> from the original on September 26, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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July 13, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210831153605/https://www.cnn.com/2021/07/13/politics/mitch-mcconnell-old-crow/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on August 31, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 31,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Mitch+McConnell+responds+to+Trump%27s+%27Old+Crow%27+insult%3A+%27It%27s+quite+an+honor%27&rft.date=2021-07-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2021%2F07%2F13%2Fpolitics%2Fmitch-mcconnell-old-crow%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-246"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-246">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Reasons cited for McConnell's opposition to the nickname include "a longstanding resistance to federal <a href="#Election_security">control over state elections</a>, newly enacted security improvements that were shown to have worked in the 2018 voting and his suspicion that Democrats are trying to gain partisan advantage with a host of proposals".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-247"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-247">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/video/2015/05/13/mitch-mcconnell-responds-to-daily-show-turtle-impersonation.html">"Mitch McConnell responds to 'Daily Show' turtle impersonation"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CNBC" title="CNBC">CNBC</a></i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=%27South+Park%27+Review%3A+%27Doubling+Down%27+Is+the+Most+Insightful+Episode+in+Years&rft.date=2017-11-09&rft.au=Di+Placidio%2C+Dani&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Fdanidiplacido%2F2017%2F11%2F09%2Fsouth-park-review-doubling-down-is-the-most-insightful-episode-in-years%2F%234e9caa8c7684&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-251"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-251">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGonzalesMcKinless2019" class="citation web cs1">Gonzales, Nathan L.; McKinless, Thomas (June 6, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollcall.com/2019/06/06/what-is-mcconnelling-how-campaigns-skirt-coordination-laws-to-help-pacs-make-ads/">"What is McConnelling? 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Roll+Call&rft.atitle=What+is+McConnelling%3F+How+campaigns+skirt+coordination+laws+to+help+PACs+make+ads&rft.date=2019-06-06&rft.aulast=Gonzales&rft.aufirst=Nathan+L.&rft.au=McKinless%2C+Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollcall.com%2F2019%2F06%2F06%2Fwhat-is-mcconnelling-how-campaigns-skirt-coordination-laws-to-help-pacs-make-ads%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-252"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-252">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFuller,_Jaime2014" class="citation news cs1">Fuller, Jaime (March 14, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2014/03/14/how-mcconnelling-came-to-be/">"How 'McConnelling' came to be the hottest thing on the political web"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180210213323/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2014/03/14/how-mcconnelling-came-to-be/">Archived</a> from the original on February 10, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=How+%27McConnelling%27+came+to+be+the+hottest+thing+on+the+political+web&rft.date=2014-03-14&rft.au=Fuller%2C+Jaime&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnews%2Fthe-fix%2Fwp%2F2014%2F03%2F14%2Fhow-mcconnelling-came-to-be%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-253"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-253">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewton-Small,_Jay2014" class="citation news cs1">Newton-Small, Jay (March 17, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/28036/mcconnell-embraces-mcconnelling/">"McConnell Embraces #McConnelling"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201023033906/https://time.com/28036/mcconnell-embraces-mcconnelling/">Archived</a> from the original on October 23, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=McConnell+Embraces+%23McConnelling&rft.date=2014-03-17&rft.au=Newton-Small%2C+Jay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftime.com%2F28036%2Fmcconnell-embraces-mcconnelling%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-254"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-254">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2023/6269859/mitch-mcconnell-2023/">"Mitch McConnell"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>. April 13, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Mitch+McConnell&rft.date=2023-04-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftime.com%2Fcollection%2F100-most-influential-people-2023%2F6269859%2Fmitch-mcconnell-2023%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDyche2009" class="citation book cs1">Dyche, John David (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7usMAQAAMAAJ"><i>Republican Leader: A Political Biography of Senator Mitch McConnell</i></a>. Wilmington, DE: Intercollegiate Studies Institute. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1935191599" title="Special:BookSources/978-1935191599"><bdi>978-1935191599</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/298181753">298181753</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Republican+Leader%3A+A+Political+Biography+of+Senator+Mitch+McConnell&rft.place=Wilmington%2C+DE&rft.pub=Intercollegiate+Studies+Institute&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F298181753&rft.isbn=978-1935191599&rft.aulast=Dyche&rft.aufirst=John+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7usMAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreen2011" class="citation magazine cs1">Green, Joshua (January 5, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2011/01/recommended-reading-on-mitch-mcconnell/68915/">"Recommended Reading on Mitch McConnell"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic">The Atlantic</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 6,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Atlantic&rft.atitle=Recommended+Reading+on+Mitch+McConnell&rft.date=2011-01-05&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=Joshua&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fpolitics%2Farchive%2F2011%2F01%2Frecommended-reading-on-mitch-mcconnell%2F68915%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacGillis2014" class="citation book cs1">MacGillis, Alec (2014). <i><a href="/wiki/The_Cynic:_The_Political_Education_of_Mitch_McConnell" title="The Cynic: The Political Education of Mitch McConnell">The Cynic: The Political Education of Mitch McConnell</a></i>. New York: Simon & Schuster. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781501112034" title="Special:BookSources/9781501112034"><bdi>9781501112034</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/967908174">967908174</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cynic%3A+The+Political+Education+of+Mitch+McConnell&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F967908174&rft.isbn=9781501112034&rft.aulast=MacGillis&rft.aufirst=Alec&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcConnell2016" class="citation book cs1">McConnell, Mitch (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9cO3CgAAQBAJ"><i>The Long Game: A Memoir</i></a>. New York: Sentinel. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780399564109" title="Special:BookSources/9780399564109"><bdi>9780399564109</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/951149855">951149855</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Long+Game%3A+A+Memoir&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Sentinel&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F951149855&rft.isbn=9780399564109&rft.aulast=McConnell&rft.aufirst=Mitch&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9cO3CgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMitch+McConnell" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>Mitch McConnell</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects">sister projects</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, 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title="n:Category:Mitch McConnell">News</a> from Wikinews</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" class="extiw" title="q:Mitch McConnell">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Mitch_McConnell" class="extiw" title="s:Author:Mitch McConnell">Texts</a> from Wikisource</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Mitch_McConnell" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Mitch McConnell">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mcconnell.senate.gov/public/">Senator Mitch McConnell</a> official U.S. Senate website</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.teammitch.com/">Mitch McConnell for Senate</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=m000355">Biography</a> at the <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/S2KY00012">Financial information (federal office)</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Election_Commission" title="Federal Election Commission">Federal Election Commission</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/member/mitch-mcconnell/1395">Legislation sponsored</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://justfacts.votesmart.org/candidate/53298">Profile</a> at <a href="/wiki/Vote_Smart" title="Vote Smart">Vote Smart</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?mitchmcconnell">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355522#P2190" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politifact.com/personalities/mitch-mcconnell/">Mitch McConnell's file</a> at <a href="/wiki/PolitiFact" title="PolitiFact">PolitiFact</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #DDCEF2;">Legal offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Vincent Rakestraw</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/U.S._Department_of_Justice_Office_of_Legislative_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Department of Justice Office of Legislative Affairs">Assistant Attorney General for the Office of Legislative Affairs</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Acting</span> </b><br />1975 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Uhlmann" title="Michael Uhlmann">Michael Uhlmann</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Todd_Hollenbach_Sr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Todd Hollenbach Sr. (page does not exist)">Todd Hollenbach Sr.</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County_Judge/Executive" title="Jefferson County Judge/Executive">Judge-Executive of Jefferson County</a> </b><br />1978–1984 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Bremer_Ehrler" title="Bremer Ehrler">Bremer Ehrler</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Louie_R._Guenthner_Jr." title="Louie R. Guenthner Jr.">Louie R. Guenthner Jr.</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> nominee for <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">U.S. Senator</a> from <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Classes_of_United_States_senators" title="Classes of United States senators">Class 2</a>) </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1984_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kentucky" title="1984 United States Senate election in Kentucky">1984</a>, <a href="/wiki/1990_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kentucky" title="1990 United States Senate election in Kentucky">1990</a>, <a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kentucky" title="1996 United States Senate election in Kentucky">1996</a>, <a href="/wiki/2002_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kentucky" title="2002 United States Senate election in Kentucky">2002</a>, <a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kentucky" title="2008 United States Senate election in Kentucky">2008</a>, <a href="/wiki/2014_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kentucky" title="2014 United States Senate election in Kentucky">2014</a>, <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_Senate_election_in_Kentucky" title="2020 United States Senate election in Kentucky">2020</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Most recent</b> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Al_D%27Amato" title="Al D'Amato">Al D'Amato</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chair of the <a href="/wiki/National_Republican_Senatorial_Committee" title="National Republican Senatorial Committee">National Republican Senatorial Committee</a> </b><br />1997–2001 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Frist" title="Bill Frist">Bill Frist</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Don_Nickles" title="Don Nickles">Don Nickles</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Senate_Republican_Whip" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate Republican Whip">Senate Republican Whip</a> </b><br />2003–2007 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Trent_Lott" title="Trent Lott">Trent Lott</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Frist" title="Bill Frist">Bill Frist</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Senate_Republican_Leader" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate Republican Leader">Senate Republican Leader</a> </b><br />2007–present </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Thune" title="John Thune">John Thune</a><br />Designate</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senate</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Huddleston" class="mw-redirect" title="Walter Huddleston">Walter Huddleston</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">U.S. Senator (Class 2) from Kentucky</a> </b><br />1985–present <br />Served alongside: <b><a href="/wiki/Wendell_Ford" title="Wendell Ford">Wendell Ford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jim_Bunning" title="Jim Bunning">Jim Bunning</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">Rand Paul</a></b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Incumbent</b> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Warren_Rudman" title="Warren Rudman">Warren Rudman</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Ranking Member of the <a href="/wiki/Senate_Ethics_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate Ethics Committee">Senate Ethics Committee</a> </b><br />1993–1995 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Bryan" title="Richard Bryan">Richard Bryan</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Richard Bryan</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chair of the <a href="/wiki/Senate_Ethics_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate Ethics Committee">Senate Ethics Committee</a> </b><br />1995–1997 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Smith_(New_Hampshire_politician)" title="Bob Smith (New Hampshire politician)">Bob Smith</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="2">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Warner" title="John Warner">John Warner</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chair of the <a href="/wiki/Senate_Rules_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate Rules Committee">Senate Rules Committee</a> </b><br />1999–2001 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Chris_Dodd" title="Chris Dodd">Chris Dodd</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chair of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress_Joint_Committee_on_Inaugural_Ceremonies" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Congress Joint Committee on Inaugural Ceremonies">Joint Inaugural Ceremonies Committee</a> </b><br />2000–2001 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Trent_Lott" title="Trent Lott">Trent Lott</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="3">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Chris_Dodd" title="Chris Dodd">Chris Dodd</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Ranking Member of the <a href="/wiki/Senate_Rules_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate Rules Committee">Senate Rules Committee</a> </b><br />2001 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="3">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Chris_Dodd" title="Chris Dodd">Chris Dodd</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chair of the <a href="/wiki/Senate_Rules_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate Rules Committee">Senate Rules Committee</a> </b><br />2001 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Ranking Member of the <a href="/wiki/Senate_Rules_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate Rules Committee">Senate Rules Committee</a> </b><br />2001–2003 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="3">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Harry_Reid" title="Harry Reid">Harry Reid</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Senate_Majority_Whip" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate Majority Whip">Senate Majority Whip</a> </b><br />2003–2007 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Dick_Durbin" title="Dick Durbin">Dick Durbin</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Senate_Minority_Leader" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate Minority Leader">Senate Minority Leader</a> </b><br />2007–2015 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Harry Reid</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Senate_Majority_Leader" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate Majority Leader">Senate Majority Leader</a> </b><br />2015–2021 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Schumer" title="Chuck Schumer">Chuck Schumer</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Schumer" title="Chuck Schumer">Chuck Schumer</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Senate_Minority_Leader" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate Minority Leader">Senate Minority Leader</a> </b><br />2021–present </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Schumer" title="Chuck Schumer">Chuck Schumer</a><br />Designate</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cfc;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_order_of_precedence" title="United States order of precedence">U.S. order of precedence</a> (ceremonial) </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Schumer" title="Chuck Schumer">Chuck Schumer</a></div><i><b>as Senate Majority Leader </b></i> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_precedence_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of precedence of the United States">Order of precedence of the United States</a><br /><i><span style="font-size:85%;">as Senate Minority Leader</span></i> </b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Dick_Durbin" title="Dick Durbin">Dick Durbin</a></div><i><b>as Senate Majority Whip </b></i> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Grassley" title="Chuck Grassley">Chuck Grassley</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Seniority_in_the_United_States_Senate" title="Seniority in the United States Senate">United States senators by seniority</a> </b><br />2nd </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Patty_Murray" title="Patty Murray">Patty Murray</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Leadership_of_the_United_States_Senate" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_Senate_leaders" title="Template:US Senate leaders"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_Senate_leaders" title="Template talk:US Senate leaders"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a 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colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="font-weight:bold;">Majority (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a>)</td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;">Minority (<a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a>)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;width:50%;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Schumer" title="Chuck Schumer">Chuck Schumer</a> (Leader and Caucus Chair)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Durbin" title="Dick Durbin">Dick Durbin</a> (Whip)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debbie_Stabenow" title="Debbie Stabenow">Debbie Stabenow</a> (Policy/Communications Committee Chair)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Klobuchar" title="Amy Klobuchar">Amy Klobuchar</a> (Steering Committee Chair)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Warner" title="Mark Warner">Mark Warner</a> and <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Warren" title="Elizabeth Warren">Elizabeth Warren</a> (Caucus Vice Chairs)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernie_Sanders" title="Bernie Sanders">Bernie Sanders</a> (Outreach Chair)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cory_Booker" title="Cory Booker">Cory Booker</a> and <a href="/wiki/Joe_Manchin" title="Joe Manchin">Joe Manchin</a> (Policy/Communications Committee Vice Chairs)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tammy_Baldwin" title="Tammy Baldwin">Tammy Baldwin</a> (Caucus Secretary)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Peters" title="Gary Peters">Gary Peters</a> (Campaign Committee Chair)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Cortez_Masto" title="Catherine Cortez Masto">Catherine Cortez Masto</a> (Outreach Vice Chair)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Schatz" title="Brian Schatz">Brian Schatz</a> (Caucus Deputy Secretary)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Merkley" title="Jeff Merkley">Jeff Merkley</a> (Chief Deputy Whip)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:50%;"><div> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mitch McConnell</a> (Leader)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Thune" title="John Thune">John Thune</a> (Whip)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Barrasso" title="John Barrasso">John Barrasso</a> (Conference Chair)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joni_Ernst" title="Joni Ernst">Joni Ernst</a> (Policy Committee Chair)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelley_Moore_Capito" title="Shelley Moore Capito">Shelley Moore Capito</a> (Conference Vice Chair)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Daines" title="Steve Daines">Steve Daines</a> (Campaign Committee Chair)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Lee" title="Mike Lee">Mike Lee</a> (Steering Committee Chair)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Crapo" title="Mike Crapo">Mike Crapo</a> (Chief Deputy Whip)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Grassley" title="Chuck Grassley">Chuck Grassley</a> (Senate President pro tempore emeritus)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Kentucky&#039;s_current_delegation_to_the_United_States_Congress" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:KY-FedRep" title="Template:KY-FedRep"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:KY-FedRep" title="Template talk:KY-FedRep"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:KY-FedRep" title="Special:EditPage/Template:KY-FedRep"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Kentucky&#039;s_current_delegation_to_the_United_States_Congress" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Kentucky" title="United States congressional delegations from Kentucky">Kentucky's current delegation</a> to the <a href="/wiki/117th_United_States_Congress" title="117th United States Congress">United States Congress</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senators</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mitch McConnell</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">Rand Paul</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">Representatives <br /><span class="nobold">(ordered by district)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_Comer_(politician)" title="James Comer (politician)">James Comer</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Brett_Guthrie" title="Brett Guthrie">Brett Guthrie</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Morgan_McGarvey" title="Morgan McGarvey">Morgan McGarvey</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Massie" title="Thomas Massie">Thomas Massie</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">Hal Rogers</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andy_Barr_(American_politician)" title="Andy Barr (American politician)">Andy Barr</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Statewide_elected_officials_and_legislative_leaders_of_Kentucky" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Kentucky_statewide_political_officials" title="Template:Kentucky statewide political officials"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Kentucky_statewide_political_officials" title="Template talk:Kentucky statewide political officials"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Kentucky_statewide_political_officials" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Kentucky statewide political officials"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Statewide_elected_officials_and_legislative_leaders_of_Kentucky" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Statewide elected officials and legislative leaders of <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. senators</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mitch McConnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">Rand Paul</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Seal_of_Kentucky.svg/100px-Seal_of_Kentucky.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Seal_of_Kentucky.svg/150px-Seal_of_Kentucky.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Seal_of_Kentucky.svg/200px-Seal_of_Kentucky.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="662" data-file-height="662" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kentucky#Law_and_government" title="Kentucky">State government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Beshear" title="Andy Beshear">Andy Beshear</a>, <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Kentucky" title="Governor of Kentucky">Governor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_Coleman" title="Jacqueline Coleman">Jacqueline Coleman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Kentucky" title="Lieutenant Governor of Kentucky">Lieutenant Governor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Adams_(Kentucky_politician)" title="Michael Adams (Kentucky politician)">Michael Adams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_of_Kentucky" title="Secretary of State of Kentucky">Secretary of State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Coleman" title="Russell Coleman">Russell Coleman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Attorney_General_of_Kentucky" title="Attorney General of Kentucky">Attorney General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Metcalf_(politician)" title="Mark Metcalf (politician)">Mark Metcalf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_State_Treasurer" title="Kentucky State Treasurer">Treasurer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allison_Ball" title="Allison Ball">Allison Ball</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Auditor_of_Public_Accounts" title="Kentucky Auditor of Public Accounts">Auditor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Shell" title="Jonathan Shell">Jonathan Shell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Commissioner_of_Agriculture" title="Kentucky Commissioner of Agriculture">Agriculture Commissioner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Senate" title="Kentucky Senate">Senate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Stivers" title="Robert Stivers">Robert Stivers</a>, <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Kentucky_Senate" title="President of the Kentucky Senate">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_P._Givens" title="David P. Givens">David P. Givens</a>, President pro tempore</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damon_Thayer" title="Damon Thayer">Damon Thayer</a>, Majority Leader</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Neal" title="Gerald Neal">Gerald Neal</a>, Minority Leader</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kentucky_House_of_Representatives" title="Kentucky House of Representatives">House</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Osborne_(politician)" title="David Osborne (politician)">David Osborne</a>, Speaker</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Meade" title="David Meade">David Meade</a>, Speaker pro tempore</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Rudy" title="Steven Rudy">Steven Rudy</a>, Majority Leader</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derrick_Graham_(politician)" title="Derrick Graham (politician)">Derrick Graham</a>, Minority Leader</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Supreme_Court" title="Kentucky Supreme Court">Supreme Court</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laurance_B._VanMeter" title="Laurance B. VanMeter">Laurance B. VanMeter</a>, Chief Justice</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debra_H._Lambert" title="Debra H. Lambert">Debra H. Lambert</a>, Deputy Chief Justice</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_M._Keller" title="Michelle M. Keller">Michelle M. Keller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_S._Nickell" class="mw-redirect" title="Christopher S. Nickell">Christopher S. Nickell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_B._Conley" title="Robert B. Conley">Robert B. Conley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelly_Thompson_(judge)" title="Kelly Thompson (judge)">Kelly Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_McCormick_Bisig" title="Angela McCormick Bisig">Angela McCormick Bisig</a>, Justices</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Floor_leaders_of_state_senates" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:U.S._State_Senate_floor_leaders" title="Template:U.S. State Senate floor leaders"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:U.S._State_Senate_floor_leaders" title="Template talk:U.S. State Senate floor leaders"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:U.S._State_Senate_floor_leaders" title="Special:EditPage/Template:U.S. State Senate floor leaders"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Floor_leaders_of_state_senates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_leader" title="Parliamentary leader">Floor leaders</a> of <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_state_legislatures" title="List of United States state legislatures">state senates</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Schumer" title="Chuck Schumer">Chuck Schumer</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</a>) / <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mitch McConnell</a> (<a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">R</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Majority<br />leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Alabama_Senate" title="Alabama Senate">AL</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steve_Livingston" title="Steve Livingston">Livingston</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaska Senate">AK</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Cathy_Giessel" title="Cathy Giessel">Giessel</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Senate" title="Arizona Senate">AZ</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Borrelli" title="Sonny Borrelli">Borrelli</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Senate" title="Arkansas Senate">AR</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Blake_Johnson_(Arkansas_politician)" title="Blake Johnson (Arkansas politician)">Johnson</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/California_State_Senate" title="California State Senate">CA</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Lena_Gonzalez" title="Lena Gonzalez">Gonzalez</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Senate" title="Colorado Senate">CO</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Robert_Rodriguez_(politician)" title="Robert Rodriguez (politician)">Rodriguez</a> (D) </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Connecticut_State_Senate" title="Connecticut State Senate">CT</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Bob_Duff" title="Bob Duff">Duff</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Delaware_Senate" title="Delaware Senate">DE</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Bryan_Townsend_(American_politician)" title="Bryan Townsend (American politician)">Townsend</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Florida_Senate" title="Florida Senate">FL</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jim_Boyd_(politician)" title="Jim Boyd (politician)">Boyd</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Georgia_State_Senate" title="Georgia State Senate">GA</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steve_Gooch" title="Steve Gooch">Gooch</a> (R) </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Hawaii_Senate" title="Hawaii Senate">HI</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dru_Kanuha" title="Dru Kanuha">Kanuha</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Idaho_Senate" title="Idaho Senate">ID</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Kelly_Anthon" title="Kelly Anthon">Anthon</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Illinois_Senate" title="Illinois Senate">IL</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Kimberly_Lightford" title="Kimberly Lightford">Lightford</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Senate" title="Indiana Senate">IN</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Chris_Garten" title="Chris Garten">Garten</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Iowa_Senate" title="Iowa Senate">IA</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jack_Whitver" title="Jack Whitver">Whitver</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Kansas_Senate" title="Kansas Senate">KS</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Larry_Alley" title="Larry Alley">Alley</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Senate" title="Kentucky Senate">KY</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Damon_Thayer" title="Damon Thayer">Thayer</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_State_Senate" title="Louisiana State Senate">LA</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Stine" title="Jeremy Stine">Stine</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Maine_Senate" title="Maine Senate">ME</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Eloise_Vitelli" title="Eloise Vitelli">Vitelli</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Maryland_Senate" title="Maryland Senate">MD</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Nancy_J._King" title="Nancy J. King">King</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Senate" title="Massachusetts Senate">MA</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Stone_Creem" title="Cynthia Stone Creem">Creem</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Michigan_Senate" title="Michigan Senate">MI</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Winnie_Brinks" title="Winnie Brinks">Brinks</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Senate" title="Minnesota Senate">MN</a>:</b> <span style="color:#0055AA;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Erin_Murphy_(Minnesota_politician)" title="Erin Murphy (Minnesota politician)">Murphy</a> (DFL)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_State_Senate" title="Mississippi State Senate">MS</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dean_Kirby" title="Dean Kirby">Kirby</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Missouri_Senate" title="Missouri Senate">MO</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Cindy_O%27Laughlin" title="Cindy O'Laughlin">O'Laughlin</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Montana_Senate" title="Montana Senate">MT</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Steve_Fitzpatrick" title="Steve Fitzpatrick">Fitzpatrick</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Nebraska_Legislature" title="Nebraska Legislature">NE</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ray_Aguilar" title="Ray Aguilar">Aguilar</a> (R)*</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Nevada_Senate" title="Nevada Senate">NV</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Nicole_Cannizzaro" title="Nicole Cannizzaro">Cannizzaro</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire_Senate" title="New Hampshire Senate">NH</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Regina_Birdsell" title="Regina Birdsell">Birdsell</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Senate" title="New Jersey Senate">NJ</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Teresa_Ruiz_(politician)" title="Teresa Ruiz (politician)">Ruiz</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/New_Mexico_Senate" title="New Mexico Senate">NM</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Peter_Wirth_(politician)" title="Peter Wirth (politician)">Wirth</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Senate" title="New York State Senate">NY</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Stewart-Cousins" title="Andrea Stewart-Cousins">Stewart-Cousins</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_Senate" title="North Carolina Senate">NC</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Paul_Newton_(politician)" title="Paul Newton (politician)">Newton</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Senate" title="North Dakota Senate">ND</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/David_Hogue" title="David Hogue">Hogue</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Ohio_Senate" title="Ohio Senate">OH</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Rob_McColley" title="Rob McColley">McColley</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_Senate" title="Oklahoma Senate">OK</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Greg_McCortney" title="Greg McCortney">McCortney</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Oregon_State_Senate" title="Oregon State Senate">OR</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Kayse_Jama" title="Kayse Jama">Jama</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_State_Senate" title="Pennsylvania State Senate">PA</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Joe_Pittman_(politician)" title="Joe Pittman (politician)">Pittman</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island_Senate" title="Rhode Island Senate">RI</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ryan_W._Pearson" title="Ryan W. Pearson">Pearson</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina_Senate" title="South Carolina Senate">SC</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/A._Shane_Massey" title="A. Shane Massey">Massey</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_Senate" title="South Dakota Senate">SD</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Casey_Crabtree" title="Casey Crabtree">Crabtree</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Senate" title="Tennessee Senate">TN</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jack_Johnson_(American_politician)" title="Jack Johnson (American politician)">Johnson</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Texas_Senate" title="Texas Senate">TX</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Angela_Paxton" title="Angela Paxton">Paxton</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Utah_State_Senate" title="Utah State Senate">UT</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Evan_Vickers" title="Evan Vickers">Vickers</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Vermont_Senate" title="Vermont Senate">VT</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Alison_H._Clarkson" title="Alison H. Clarkson">Clarkson</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Senate" title="Virginia Senate">VA</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Scott_Surovell" title="Scott Surovell">Surovell</a> (D) </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Washington_State_Senate" title="Washington State Senate">WA</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andy_Billig" title="Andy Billig">Billig</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia_Senate" title="West Virginia Senate">WV</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Tom_Takubo" title="Tom Takubo">Takubo</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Senate" title="Wisconsin Senate">WI</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Devin_LeMahieu" title="Devin LeMahieu">LeMahieu</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Wyoming_Senate" title="Wyoming Senate">WY</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Larry_S._Hicks" title="Larry S. Hicks">Hicks</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><b><a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Council of the District of Columbia">DC</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Phil_Mendelson" title="Phil Mendelson">Mendelson</a> (D)</i>*</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><b><a href="/wiki/Legislature_of_Guam" title="Legislature of Guam">GU</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Chris_Barnett_(politician)" title="Chris Barnett (politician)">Barnett</a> (D)</i>*</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><b><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands_Senate" title="Northern Mariana Islands Senate">MP</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Corina_Magofna" title="Corina Magofna">Magofna</a> (D)</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><b><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Senate of Puerto Rico">PR</a>:</b> <span style="color:#FF3333;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Javier_Aponte_Dalmau" title="Javier Aponte Dalmau">Aponte</a> (<a href="/wiki/Popular_Democratic_Party_(Puerto_Rico)" title="Popular Democratic Party (Puerto Rico)">PPD</a>/D)</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><b><a href="/wiki/Legislature_of_the_Virgin_Islands" title="Legislature of the Virgin Islands">VI</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Gittens" title="Kenneth Gittens">Gittens</a> (D)</i>*</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Minority<br />leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Alabama_Senate" title="Alabama Senate">AL</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Singleton" title="Bobby Singleton">Singleton</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaska Senate">AK</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Shelley_Hughes" title="Shelley Hughes">Hughes</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Senate" title="Arizona Senate">AZ</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mitzi_Epstein" title="Mitzi Epstein">Epstein</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Arkansas_Senate" title="Arkansas Senate">AR</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Greg_Leding" title="Greg Leding">Leding</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/California_State_Senate" title="California State Senate">CA</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Brian_Jones_(politician)" title="Brian Jones (politician)">Jones</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Senate" title="Colorado Senate">CO</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Paul_Lundeen" title="Paul Lundeen">Lundeen</a> (R) </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Connecticut_State_Senate" title="Connecticut State Senate">CT</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Harding_(politician)" title="Stephen Harding (politician)">Harding</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Delaware_Senate" title="Delaware Senate">DE</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Hocker" title="Gerald Hocker">Hocker</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Florida_Senate" title="Florida Senate">FL</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jason_Pizzo" title="Jason Pizzo">Pizzo</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Georgia_State_Senate" title="Georgia State Senate">GA</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Gloria_Butler" title="Gloria Butler">Butler</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Hawaii_Senate" title="Hawaii Senate">HI</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Fevella" title="Kurt Fevella">Fevella</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Idaho_Senate" title="Idaho Senate">ID</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Melissa_Wintrow" title="Melissa Wintrow">Wintrow</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Illinois_Senate" title="Illinois Senate">IL</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Curran_(Illinois_politician)" title="John Curran (Illinois politician)">Curran</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Senate" title="Indiana Senate">IN</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Greg_Taylor_(politician)" title="Greg Taylor (politician)">Taylor</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Iowa_Senate" title="Iowa Senate">IA</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Pam_Jochum" title="Pam Jochum">Jochum</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Kansas_Senate" title="Kansas Senate">KS</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dinah_Sykes" title="Dinah Sykes">Sykes</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Kentucky_Senate" title="Kentucky Senate">KY</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Neal" title="Gerald Neal">Neal</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_State_Senate" title="Louisiana State Senate">LA</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Boudreaux" title="Gerald Boudreaux">Boudreaux</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Maine_Senate" title="Maine Senate">ME</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Trey_Stewart" title="Trey Stewart">Stewart</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Maryland_Senate" title="Maryland Senate">MD</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Stephen_S._Hershey_Jr." title="Stephen S. Hershey Jr.">Hershey</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Senate" title="Massachusetts Senate">MA</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Tarr" title="Bruce Tarr">Tarr</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Michigan_Senate" title="Michigan Senate">MI</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Aric_Nesbitt" title="Aric Nesbitt">Nesbitt</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Senate" title="Minnesota Senate">MN</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mark_Johnson_(Minnesota_politician)" title="Mark Johnson (Minnesota politician)">Johnson</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_State_Senate" title="Mississippi State Senate">MS</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Derrick_Simmons" title="Derrick Simmons">Simmons</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Missouri_Senate" title="Missouri Senate">MO</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Doug_Beck" title="Doug Beck">Beck</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Montana_Senate" title="Montana Senate">MT</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Pat_Flowers_(politician)" title="Pat Flowers (politician)">Flowers</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Nebraska_Legislature" title="Nebraska Legislature">NE</a>:</b> <i>Vacant</i>*</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Nevada_Senate" title="Nevada Senate">NV</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Robin_L._Titus" title="Robin L. Titus">Titus</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire_Senate" title="New Hampshire Senate">NH</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Perkins_Kwoka" title="Rebecca Perkins Kwoka">Perkins Kwoka</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Senate" title="New Jersey Senate">NJ</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Anthony_M._Bucco" title="Anthony M. Bucco">Bucco</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/New_Mexico_Senate" title="New Mexico Senate">NM</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Gregory_A._Baca" title="Gregory A. Baca">Baca</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Senate" title="New York State Senate">NY</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Rob_Ortt" title="Rob Ortt">Ortt</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_Senate" title="North Carolina Senate">NC</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dan_Blue" title="Dan Blue">Blue</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Senate" title="North Dakota Senate">ND</a>:</b> <span style="color:#0055AA;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Kathy_Hogan" title="Kathy Hogan">Hogan</a> (D-NPL)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Ohio_Senate" title="Ohio Senate">OH</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Nickie_Antonio" title="Nickie Antonio">Antonio</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_Senate" title="Oklahoma Senate">OK</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Julia_Kirt" title="Julia Kirt">Kirt</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Oregon_State_Senate" title="Oregon State Senate">OR</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Bonham" title="Daniel Bonham">Bonham</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_State_Senate" title="Pennsylvania State Senate">PA</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jay_Costa" title="Jay Costa">Costa</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island_Senate" title="Rhode Island Senate">RI</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jessica_de_la_Cruz" title="Jessica de la Cruz">de la Cruz</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina_Senate" title="South Carolina Senate">SC</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Brad_Hutto" title="Brad Hutto">Hutto</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_Senate" title="South Dakota Senate">SD</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Reynold_Nesiba" title="Reynold Nesiba">Nesiba</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Senate" title="Tennessee Senate">TN</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Raumesh_Akbari" title="Raumesh Akbari">Akbari</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Texas_Senate" title="Texas Senate">TX</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Carol_Alvarado" title="Carol Alvarado">Alvarado</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Utah_State_Senate" title="Utah State Senate">UT</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Luz_Escamilla" title="Luz Escamilla">Escamilla</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Vermont_Senate" title="Vermont Senate">VT</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Randy_Brock" title="Randy Brock">Brock</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Senate" title="Virginia Senate">VA</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ryan_McDougle" title="Ryan McDougle">McDougle</a> (R) </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Washington_State_Senate" title="Washington State Senate">WA</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Braun" title="John Braun">Braun</a> (R)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia_Senate" title="West Virginia Senate">WV</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mike_Woelfel" title="Mike Woelfel">Woelfel</a> (D) </span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_Senate" title="Wisconsin Senate">WI</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Dianne_Hesselbein" title="Dianne Hesselbein">Hesselbein</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Wyoming_Senate" title="Wyoming Senate">WY</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Chris_Rothfuss" title="Chris Rothfuss">Rothfuss</a> (D)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><b><a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_District_of_Columbia" title="Council of the District of Columbia">DC</a>:</b> None</i>*</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><b><a href="/wiki/Legislature_of_Guam" title="Legislature of Guam">GU</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frank_Blas_Jr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frank Blas Jr. (page does not exist)">Blas</a> (R)</i>*</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><b><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands_Senate" title="Northern Mariana Islands Senate">MP</a>:</b> <span style="color:#DDDDBB;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Paul_Manglona" title="Paul Manglona">Manglona</a> (<a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">I</a>)</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><b><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Senate of Puerto Rico">PR</a>:</b> <span style="color:#161687;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Rivera_Schatz" title="Thomas Rivera Schatz">Rivera</a> (<a href="/wiki/New_Progressive_Party_(Puerto_Rico)" title="New Progressive Party (Puerto Rico)">PNP</a>/R)</i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><b><a href="/wiki/Legislature_of_the_Virgin_Islands" title="Legislature of the Virgin Islands">VI</a>:</b> <span style="color:#DDDDBB;">▌</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dwayne_DeGraff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dwayne DeGraff (page does not exist)">DeGraff</a> (<a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">I</a>)</i>*</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>*Unicameral body</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Current_United_States_senators" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Current_U.S._senators" title="Template:Current U.S. senators"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Current_U.S._senators" title="Template talk:Current U.S. senators"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Current_U.S._senators" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Current U.S. senators"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Current_United_States_senators" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_United_States_senators" title="List of current United States senators">Current United States senators</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States#Constitutional_roles" title="Vice President of the United States">President</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Kamala_Harris" title="Kamala Harris">Kamala Harris</a> (D) ‧ <b><a href="/wiki/President_pro_tempore_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="President pro tempore of the United States Senate">President pro tempore</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Patty_Murray" title="Patty Murray">Patty Murray</a> (D)</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 14em;"> <ul><li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Alabama" title="List of United States senators from Alabama">AL</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Tommy_Tuberville" title="Tommy Tuberville">Tuberville</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Katie_Britt" title="Katie Britt">Britt</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Alaska" title="List of United States senators from Alaska">AK</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Lisa_Murkowski" title="Lisa Murkowski">Murkowski</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Dan_Sullivan_(U.S._senator)" title="Dan Sullivan (U.S. senator)">Sullivan</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Arizona" title="List of United States senators from Arizona">AZ</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#DDDDBB;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Kyrsten_Sinema" title="Kyrsten Sinema">Sinema</a> (I)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Mark_Kelly" title="Mark Kelly">Kelly</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Arkansas" title="List of United States senators from Arkansas">AR</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Boozman" title="John Boozman">Boozman</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Tom_Cotton" title="Tom Cotton">Cotton</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_California" title="List of United States senators from California">CA</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Alex_Padilla" title="Alex Padilla">Padilla</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Adam_Schiff" title="Adam Schiff">Schiff</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Colorado" title="List of United States senators from Colorado">CO</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Bennet" title="Michael Bennet">Bennet</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Hickenlooper" title="John Hickenlooper">Hickenlooper</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Connecticut" title="List of United States senators from Connecticut">CT</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Blumenthal" title="Richard Blumenthal">Blumenthal</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Chris_Murphy" title="Chris Murphy">Murphy</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Delaware" title="List of United States senators from Delaware">DE</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Tom_Carper" title="Tom Carper">Carper</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Chris_Coons" title="Chris Coons">Coons</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Florida" title="List of United States senators from Florida">FL</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Marco_Rubio" title="Marco Rubio">Rubio</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Rick_Scott" title="Rick Scott">R. Scott</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Georgia" title="List of United States senators from Georgia">GA</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Jon_Ossoff" title="Jon Ossoff">Ossoff</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Raphael_Warnock" title="Raphael Warnock">Warnock</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Hawaii" title="List of United States senators from Hawaii">HI</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Brian_Schatz" title="Brian Schatz">Schatz</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Mazie_Hirono" title="Mazie Hirono">Hirono</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Idaho" title="List of United States senators from Idaho">ID</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Mike_Crapo" title="Mike Crapo">Crapo</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Jim_Risch" title="Jim Risch">Risch</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Illinois" title="List of United States senators from Illinois">IL</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Dick_Durbin" title="Dick Durbin">Durbin</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Tammy_Duckworth" title="Tammy Duckworth">Duckworth</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Indiana" title="List of United States senators from Indiana">IN</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Todd_Young" title="Todd Young">Young</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Mike_Braun" title="Mike Braun">Braun</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Iowa" title="List of United States senators from Iowa">IA</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Grassley" title="Chuck Grassley">Grassley</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Joni_Ernst" title="Joni Ernst">Ernst</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kansas" title="List of United States senators from Kansas">KS</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Moran" title="Jerry Moran">Moran</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Roger_Marshall" title="Roger Marshall">Marshall</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">KY</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">McConnell</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">Paul</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Louisiana" title="List of United States senators from Louisiana">LA</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Bill_Cassidy" title="Bill Cassidy">Cassidy</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Kennedy_(Louisiana_politician)" title="John Kennedy (Louisiana politician)">Kennedy</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maine" title="List of United States senators from Maine">ME</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Susan_Collins" title="Susan Collins">Collins</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#DDDDBB;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Angus_King" title="Angus King">King</a> (I)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Maryland" title="List of United States senators from Maryland">MD</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Ben_Cardin" title="Ben Cardin">Cardin</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Chris_Van_Hollen" title="Chris Van Hollen">Van Hollen</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Massachusetts" title="List of United States senators from Massachusetts">MA</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Warren" title="Elizabeth Warren">Warren</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Ed_Markey" title="Ed Markey">Markey</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Michigan" title="List of United States senators from Michigan">MI</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Debbie_Stabenow" title="Debbie Stabenow">Stabenow</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Gary_Peters" title="Gary Peters">Peters</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Minnesota" title="List of United States senators from Minnesota">MN</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Amy_Klobuchar" title="Amy Klobuchar">Klobuchar</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Tina_Smith" title="Tina Smith">Smith</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Mississippi" title="List of United States senators from Mississippi">MS</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Roger_Wicker" title="Roger Wicker">Wicker</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Cindy_Hyde-Smith" title="Cindy Hyde-Smith">Hyde-Smith</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Missouri" title="List of United States senators from Missouri">MO</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Josh_Hawley" title="Josh Hawley">Hawley</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Eric_Schmitt" title="Eric Schmitt">Schmitt</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Montana" title="List of United States senators from Montana">MT</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Jon_Tester" title="Jon Tester">Tester</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Steve_Daines" title="Steve Daines">Daines</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Nebraska" title="List of United States senators from Nebraska">NE</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Deb_Fischer" title="Deb Fischer">Fischer</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Pete_Ricketts" title="Pete Ricketts">Ricketts</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Nevada" title="List of United States senators from Nevada">NV</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Cortez_Masto" title="Catherine Cortez Masto">Cortez Masto</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Jacky_Rosen" title="Jacky Rosen">Rosen</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_Hampshire" title="List of United States senators from New Hampshire">NH</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Shaheen" title="Jeanne Shaheen">Shaheen</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Maggie_Hassan" title="Maggie Hassan">Hassan</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_Jersey" title="List of United States senators from New Jersey">NJ</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Cory_Booker" title="Cory Booker">Booker</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Andy_Kim_(politician)" title="Andy Kim (politician)">Kim</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_Mexico" title="List of United States senators from New Mexico">NM</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Martin_Heinrich" title="Martin Heinrich">Heinrich</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Ben_Ray_Luj%C3%A1n" title="Ben Ray Luján">Luján</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_New_York" title="List of United States senators from New York">NY</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Schumer" title="Chuck Schumer">Schumer</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Kirsten_Gillibrand" title="Kirsten Gillibrand">Gillibrand</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_North_Carolina" title="List of United States senators from North Carolina">NC</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Thom_Tillis" title="Thom Tillis">Tillis</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Ted_Budd" title="Ted Budd">Budd</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_North_Dakota" title="List of United States senators from North Dakota">ND</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Hoeven" title="John Hoeven">Hoeven</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Cramer" title="Kevin Cramer">Cramer</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Ohio" title="List of United States senators from Ohio">OH</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Sherrod_Brown" title="Sherrod Brown">Brown</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/JD_Vance" title="JD Vance">Vance</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Oklahoma" title="List of United States senators from Oklahoma">OK</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/James_Lankford" title="James Lankford">Lankford</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Markwayne_Mullin" title="Markwayne Mullin">Mullin</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Oregon" title="List of United States senators from Oregon">OR</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Ron_Wyden" title="Ron Wyden">Wyden</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Merkley" title="Jeff Merkley">Merkley</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Pennsylvania" title="List of United States senators from Pennsylvania">PA</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Bob_Casey_Jr." title="Bob Casey Jr.">Casey</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Fetterman" title="John Fetterman">Fetterman</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Rhode_Island" title="List of United States senators from Rhode Island">RI</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Jack_Reed_(Rhode_Island_politician)" title="Jack Reed (Rhode Island politician)">Reed</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Whitehouse" title="Sheldon Whitehouse">Whitehouse</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_South_Carolina" title="List of United States senators from South Carolina">SC</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Lindsey_Graham" title="Lindsey Graham">Graham</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Tim_Scott" title="Tim Scott">T. Scott</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_South_Dakota" title="List of United States senators from South Dakota">SD</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Thune" title="John Thune">Thune</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Mike_Rounds" title="Mike Rounds">Rounds</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Tennessee" title="List of United States senators from Tennessee">TN</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Marsha_Blackburn" title="Marsha Blackburn">Blackburn</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Bill_Hagerty" title="Bill Hagerty">Hagerty</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Texas" title="List of United States senators from Texas">TX</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Cornyn" title="John Cornyn">Cornyn</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">Cruz</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Utah" title="List of United States senators from Utah">UT</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Mike_Lee" title="Mike Lee">Lee</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney" title="Mitt Romney">Romney</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Vermont" title="List of United States senators from Vermont">VT</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#DDDDBB;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Bernie_Sanders" title="Bernie Sanders">Sanders</a> (I)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Peter_Welch" title="Peter Welch">Welch</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Virginia" title="List of United States senators from Virginia">VA</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Mark_Warner" title="Mark Warner">Warner</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Tim_Kaine" title="Tim Kaine">Kaine</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Washington" title="List of United States senators from Washington">WA</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Patty_Murray" title="Patty Murray">Murray</a> (D)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Maria_Cantwell" title="Maria Cantwell">Cantwell</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_West_Virginia" title="List of United States senators from West Virginia">WV</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#DDDDBB;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Joe_Manchin" title="Joe Manchin">Manchin</a> (I)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Shelley_Moore_Capito" title="Shelley Moore Capito">Capito</a> (R)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Wisconsin" title="List of United States senators from Wisconsin">WI</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Ron_Johnson" title="Ron Johnson">Johnson</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Tammy_Baldwin" title="Tammy Baldwin">Baldwin</a> (D)</div></li> <li><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Wyoming" title="List of United States senators from Wyoming">WY</a>:</b></div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/John_Barrasso" title="John Barrasso">Barrasso</a> (R)</div><div><div style="width:3em; display:inline-block; text-align:right">⎣</div> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Lummis" title="Cynthia Lummis">Lummis</a> (R)</div></li></ul> </div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a>: 49</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a>: 47</li> <li><span style="color:#DDDDBB;">▌</span> <a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a>: 4</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_Senate_minority_leaders" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_Senate_minority_leaders" title="Template:US Senate minority leaders"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_Senate_minority_leaders" title="Template talk:US Senate minority leaders"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_Senate_minority_leaders" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US Senate minority leaders"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_Senate_minority_leaders" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Party leaders of the United States Senate">United States Senate minority leaders</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Underwood" title="Oscar Underwood">Underwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_T._Robinson" title="Joseph T. Robinson">Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_L._McNary" title="Charles L. McNary">McNary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Austin" title="Warren Austin">Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_L._McNary" title="Charles L. McNary">McNary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallace_H._White" title="Wallace H. White">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alben_W._Barkley" title="Alben W. Barkley">Barkley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_S._Wherry" title="Kenneth S. Wherry">Wherry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Styles_Bridges" title="Styles Bridges">Bridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Knowland" title="William Knowland">Knowland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everett_Dirksen" title="Everett Dirksen">Dirksen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Scott" title="Hugh Scott">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Baker" title="Howard Baker">Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Byrd" title="Robert Byrd">Byrd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole" title="Bob Dole">Dole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Daschle" title="Tom Daschle">Daschle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trent_Lott" title="Trent Lott">Lott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Daschle" title="Tom Daschle">Daschle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trent_Lott" title="Trent Lott">Lott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Daschle" title="Tom Daschle">Daschle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Reid" title="Harry Reid">Reid</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">McConnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Reid" title="Harry Reid">Reid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Schumer" title="Chuck Schumer">Schumer</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">McConnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Schumer" title="Chuck Schumer">Schumer</a> (designate)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/75px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/113px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_Senate_majority_leaders" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_Senate_majority_leaders" title="Template:US Senate majority leaders"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_Senate_majority_leaders" title="Template talk:US Senate majority leaders"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_Senate_majority_leaders" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US Senate majority leaders"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_Senate_majority_leaders" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Party leaders of the United States Senate">United States Senate majority leaders</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Cabot_Lodge" title="Henry Cabot Lodge">Lodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Curtis" title="Charles Curtis">Curtis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_E._Watson" title="James E. Watson">Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_T._Robinson" title="Joseph T. Robinson">Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alben_W._Barkley" title="Alben W. Barkley">Barkley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallace_H._White" title="Wallace H. White">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_W._Lucas" title="Scott W. Lucas">Lucas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_McFarland" title="Ernest McFarland">McFarland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Taft" title="Robert A. Taft">Taft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Knowland" title="William Knowland">Knowland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Mansfield" title="Mike Mansfield">Mansfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Byrd" title="Robert Byrd">Byrd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Baker" title="Howard Baker">Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Stevens" title="Ted Stevens">Stevens</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(acting)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Baker" title="Howard Baker">Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole" title="Bob Dole">Dole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Byrd" title="Robert Byrd">Byrd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_J._Mitchell" title="George J. Mitchell">Mitchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole" title="Bob Dole">Dole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trent_Lott" title="Trent Lott">Lott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Daschle" title="Tom Daschle">Daschle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trent_Lott" title="Trent Lott">Lott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Daschle" title="Tom Daschle">Daschle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Frist" title="Bill Frist">Frist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Reid" title="Harry Reid">Reid</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">McConnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Schumer" title="Chuck Schumer">Schumer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Thune" title="John Thune">Thune</a> (designate)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of the United States Senate"><img alt="Seal of the United States Senate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Republican_Party_leaders_in_the_United_States_Senate" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_Senate_Republican_leaders" title="Template:US Senate Republican leaders"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_Senate_Republican_leaders" title="Template talk:US Senate Republican leaders"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_Senate_Republican_leaders" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US Senate Republican leaders"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Republican_Party_leaders_in_the_United_States_Senate" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Party leaders of the United States Senate">Republican Party leaders in the United States Senate</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Cabot_Lodge" title="Henry Cabot Lodge">Lodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Curtis" title="Charles Curtis">Curtis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_E._Watson" title="James E. Watson">Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_L._McNary" title="Charles L. McNary">McNary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Austin" title="Warren Austin">Austin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_L._McNary" title="Charles L. McNary">McNary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallace_H._White" title="Wallace H. White">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_S._Wherry" title="Kenneth S. Wherry">Wherry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Styles_Bridges" title="Styles Bridges">Bridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Taft" title="Robert A. Taft">Taft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Knowland" title="William Knowland">Knowland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everett_Dirksen" title="Everett Dirksen">Dirksen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Scott" title="Hugh Scott">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Baker" title="Howard Baker">Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole" title="Bob Dole">Dole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trent_Lott" title="Trent Lott">Lott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Frist" title="Bill Frist">Frist</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">McConnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Thune" title="John Thune">Thune</a> (designate)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_Senate_majority_whips" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_Senate_majority_whips" title="Template:US Senate majority whips"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_Senate_majority_whips" title="Template talk:US Senate majority whips"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_Senate_majority_whips" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US Senate majority whips"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_Senate_majority_whips" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Party leaders of the United States Senate">United States Senate majority whips</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J._Hamilton_Lewis" title="J. Hamilton Lewis">Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Curtis" title="Charles Curtis">Curtis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wesley_L._Jones" title="Wesley L. Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simeon_D._Fess" title="Simeon D. Fess">Fess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Hamilton_Lewis" title="J. Hamilton Lewis">Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherman_Minton" title="Sherman Minton">Minton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Lister_Hill" title="J. Lister Hill">Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_S._Wherry" title="Kenneth S. Wherry">Wherry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_J._Myers" title="Francis J. Myers">Myers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leverett_Saltonstall" title="Leverett Saltonstall">Saltonstall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earle_Clements" title="Earle Clements">Clements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Mansfield" title="Mike Mansfield">Mansfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_Humphrey" title="Hubert Humphrey">Humphrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_B._Long" title="Russell B. Long">Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Kennedy" title="Ted Kennedy">Kennedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Byrd" title="Robert Byrd">Byrd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Cranston" title="Alan Cranston">Cranston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Stevens" title="Ted Stevens">Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Simpson_(American_politician)" title="Alan Simpson (American politician)">Simpson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Cranston" title="Alan Cranston">Cranston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wendell_Ford" title="Wendell Ford">Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trent_Lott" title="Trent Lott">Lott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Nickles" title="Don Nickles">Nickles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Reid" title="Harry Reid">Reid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Nickles" title="Don Nickles">Nickles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Reid" title="Harry Reid">Reid</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">McConnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Durbin" title="Dick Durbin">Durbin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Cornyn" title="John Cornyn">Cornyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Thune" title="John Thune">Thune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Durbin" title="Dick Durbin">Durbin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Barrasso" title="John Barrasso">Barrasso</a> (designate)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Republican_Party_whips_in_the_United_States_Senate" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_Senate_Republican_whips" title="Template:US Senate Republican whips"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_Senate_Republican_whips" title="Template talk:US Senate Republican whips"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_Senate_Republican_whips" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US Senate Republican whips"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Republican_Party_whips_in_the_United_States_Senate" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_Senate" title="Party leaders of the United States Senate">Republican Party whips in the United States Senate</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_W._Wadsworth_Jr." title="James W. Wadsworth Jr.">Wadsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Curtis" title="Charles Curtis">Curtis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wesley_L._Jones" title="Wesley L. Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simeon_D._Fess" title="Simeon D. Fess">Fess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_Hebert" title="Felix Hebert">Hebert</a></li> <li><i>(vacant; 1935–1944)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_S._Wherry" title="Kenneth S. Wherry">Wherry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leverett_Saltonstall" title="Leverett Saltonstall">Saltonstall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everett_Dirksen" title="Everett Dirksen">Dirksen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Kuchel" title="Thomas Kuchel">Kuchel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Scott" title="Hugh Scott">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_P._Griffin" title="Robert P. Griffin">Griffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Stevens" title="Ted Stevens">Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Simpson_(American_politician)" title="Alan Simpson (American politician)">Simpson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trent_Lott" title="Trent Lott">Lott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Nickles" title="Don Nickles">Nickles</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">McConnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trent_Lott" title="Trent Lott">Lott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Kyl" title="Jon Kyl">Kyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Cornyn" title="John Cornyn">Cornyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Thune" title="John Thune">Thune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Barrasso" title="John Barrasso">Barrasso</a> (designate)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of the United States Senate"><img alt="Seal of the United States Senate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chairs_of_the_United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Rules_and_Administration" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_Senate_Rules_chairs" title="Template:US Senate Rules chairs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_Senate_Rules_chairs" title="Template talk:US Senate Rules chairs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_Senate_Rules_chairs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US Senate Rules chairs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chairs_of_the_United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Rules_and_Administration" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Chairs of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Rules_and_Administration" title="United States Senate Committee on Rules and Administration">United States Senate Committee on Rules and Administration</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rules<br />(1870–1947)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_W._Ferry" title="Thomas W. Ferry">Ferry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_G._Blaine" title="James G. Blaine">Blaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_T._Morgan" title="John T. Morgan">Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_P._Frye" title="William P. Frye">Frye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_W._Aldrich" title="Nelson W. Aldrich">Aldrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._C._S._Blackburn" title="J. C. S. Blackburn">Blackburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_W._Aldrich" title="Nelson W. Aldrich">Aldrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Coit_Spooner" title="John Coit Spooner">Spooner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philander_C._Knox" title="Philander C. Knox">Knox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winthrop_M._Crane" title="Winthrop M. Crane">Crane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_S._Overman" title="Lee S. Overman">Overman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philander_C._Knox" title="Philander C. Knox">Knox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Curtis" title="Charles Curtis">Curtis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._Moses" title="George H. Moses">Moses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_S._Copeland" title="Royal S. Copeland">Copeland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_M._Neely" title="Matthew M. Neely">Neely</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_F._Byrd" title="Harry F. Byrd">Byrd</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of the United States Senate"><img alt="Seal of the United States Senate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rules and Administration<br />(1947–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C._Wayland_Brooks" title="C. Wayland Brooks">Brooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Hayden" title="Carl Hayden">Hayden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_E._Jenner" title="William E. Jenner">Jenner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_F._Green" title="Theodore F. Green">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_C._Hennings_Jr." title="Thomas C. Hennings Jr.">Hennings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Mansfield" title="Mike Mansfield">Mansfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._Everett_Jordan" title="B. Everett Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Cannon" title="Howard Cannon">Cannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claiborne_Pell" title="Claiborne Pell">Pell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Mathias" title="Charles Mathias">Mathias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wendell_Ford" title="Wendell Ford">Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Stevens" title="Ted Stevens">Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Warner" title="John Warner">Warner</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">McConnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Dodd" title="Chris Dodd">Dodd</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">McConnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Dodd" title="Chris Dodd">Dodd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trent_Lott" title="Trent Lott">Lott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dianne_Feinstein" title="Dianne Feinstein">Feinstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Schumer" title="Chuck Schumer">Schumer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Blunt" title="Roy Blunt">Blunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Shelby" title="Richard Shelby">Shelby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Blunt" title="Roy Blunt">Blunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Klobuchar" title="Amy Klobuchar">Klobuchar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chairmen_of_the_National_Republican_Senatorial_Committee" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:NRSC_Chairs" title="Template:NRSC Chairs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:NRSC_Chairs" title="Template talk:NRSC Chairs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:NRSC_Chairs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:NRSC Chairs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chairmen_of_the_National_Republican_Senatorial_Committee" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/National_Republican_Senatorial_Committee" title="National Republican Senatorial Committee">Chairmen of the National Republican Senatorial Committee</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miles_Poindexter" title="Miles Poindexter">Poindexter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medill_McCormick" title="Medill McCormick">McCormick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._Moses" title="George H. Moses">Moses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_C._Phipps" title="Lawrence C. Phipps">Phipps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_H._Metcalf" title="Jesse H. Metcalf">Metcalf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._Moses" title="George H. Moses">Moses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_D._Hatfield" title="Henry D. Hatfield">Hatfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_O._Hastings" title="Daniel O. Hastings">Hastings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_G._Townsend_Jr." title="John G. Townsend Jr.">Townsend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen_Brewster" title="Owen Brewster">Brewster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Styles_Bridges" title="Styles Bridges">Bridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everett_Dirksen" title="Everett Dirksen">Dirksen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater" title="Barry Goldwater">Goldwater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everett_Dirksen" title="Everett Dirksen">Dirksen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Frank_Schoeppel" title="Andrew Frank Schoeppel">Schoeppel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater" title="Barry Goldwater">Goldwater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thruston_Ballard_Morton" title="Thruston Ballard Morton">Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Murphy" title="George Murphy">Murphy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Tower" title="John Tower">Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_H._Dominick" title="Peter H. Dominick">Dominick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Brock" title="Bill Brock">Brock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Stevens" title="Ted Stevens">Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Packwood" title="Bob Packwood">Packwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Heinz" title="John Heinz">Heinz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Packwood" title="Bob Packwood">Packwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Lugar" title="Richard Lugar">Lugar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Heinz" title="John Heinz">Heinz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudy_Boschwitz" title="Rudy Boschwitz">Boschwitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Nickles" title="Don Nickles">Nickles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Gramm" title="Phil Gramm">Gramm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_D%27Amato" title="Al D'Amato">D'Amato</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">McConnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Frist" title="Bill Frist">Frist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Allen_(American_politician)" title="George Allen (American politician)">Allen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Dole" title="Elizabeth Dole">Dole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ensign" title="John Ensign">Ensign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Cornyn" title="John Cornyn">Cornyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Moran" title="Jerry Moran">Moran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Wicker" title="Roger Wicker">Wicker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cory_Gardner" title="Cory Gardner">Gardner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todd_Young" title="Todd Young">Young</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Scott" title="Rick Scott">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Daines" title="Steve Daines">Daines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chairs_of_the_United_States_Joint_Congressional_Committee_on_Inaugural_Ceremonies" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_Senate_Inauguration_chairs" title="Template:US Senate Inauguration chairs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_Senate_Inauguration_chairs" title="Template talk:US Senate Inauguration chairs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_Senate_Inauguration_chairs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US Senate Inauguration chairs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chairs_of_the_United_States_Joint_Congressional_Committee_on_Inaugural_Ceremonies" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Chairs of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Joint_Congressional_Committee_on_Inaugural_Ceremonies" title="United States Joint Congressional Committee on Inaugural Ceremonies">United States Joint Congressional Committee on Inaugural Ceremonies</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Hanna" title="Mark Hanna">Mark Hanna</a> (<a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_William_McKinley" title="Second inauguration of William McKinley">1901</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Coit_Spooner" title="John Coit Spooner">John Coit Spooner</a> (<a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Second inauguration of Theodore Roosevelt">1905</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philander_C._Knox" title="Philander C. Knox">Philander C. Knox</a> (<a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_William_Howard_Taft" title="Inauguration of William Howard Taft">1909</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winthrop_M._Crane" title="Winthrop M. Crane">Winthrop M. Crane</a> (<a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Woodrow_Wilson" title="First inauguration of Woodrow Wilson">1913</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_S._Overman" title="Lee S. Overman">Lee S. Overman</a> (<a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Woodrow_Wilson" title="Second inauguration of Woodrow Wilson">1917</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philander_C._Knox" title="Philander C. Knox">Philander C. Knox</a> (<a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_Warren_G._Harding" title="Inauguration of Warren G. Harding">1921</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Curtis" title="Charles Curtis">Charles Curtis</a> (<a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Calvin_Coolidge" title="Second inauguration of Calvin Coolidge">1925</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._Moses" title="George H. Moses">George H. Moses</a> (<a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_Herbert_Hoover" title="Inauguration of Herbert Hoover">1929</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_T._Robinson" title="Joseph T. Robinson">Joseph T. Robinson</a> (<a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="First inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt">1933</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_M._Neely" title="Matthew M. Neely">Matthew M. Neely</a> (<a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Second inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt">1937</a>, <a href="/wiki/Third_inauguration_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Third inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt">1941</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_F._Byrd" title="Harry F. Byrd">Harry F. Byrd</a> (<a href="/wiki/Fourth_inauguration_of_Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Fourth inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt">1945</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Hayden" title="Carl Hayden">Carl Hayden</a> (<a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Harry_S._Truman" title="Second inauguration of Harry S. Truman">1949</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Styles_Bridges" title="Styles Bridges">Styles Bridges</a> (<a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="First inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower">1953</a>, <a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Second inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower">1957</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sparkman" title="John Sparkman">John Sparkman</a> (<a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_John_F._Kennedy" title="Inauguration of John F. Kennedy">1961</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._Everett_Jordan" title="B. Everett Jordan">B. Everett Jordan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Second inauguration of Lyndon B. Johnson">1965</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everett_Dirksen" title="Everett Dirksen">Everett Dirksen</a> (<a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Richard_Nixon" title="First inauguration of Richard Nixon">1969</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Cannon" title="Howard Cannon">Howard Cannon</a> (<a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Richard_Nixon" title="Second inauguration of Richard Nixon">1973</a>, <a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_Jimmy_Carter" title="Inauguration of Jimmy Carter">1977</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Hatfield" title="Mark Hatfield">Mark Hatfield</a> (<a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="First inauguration of Ronald Reagan">1981</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Mathias" title="Charles Mathias">Charles Mathias</a> (<a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Second inauguration of Ronald Reagan">1985</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wendell_Ford" title="Wendell Ford">Wendell Ford</a> (<a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_George_H._W._Bush" title="Inauguration of George H. W. Bush">1989</a>, <a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Bill_Clinton" title="First inauguration of Bill Clinton">1993</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Warner" title="John Warner">John Warner</a> (<a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Second inauguration of Bill Clinton">1997</a>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mitch McConnell</a> (<a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_George_W._Bush" title="First inauguration of George W. Bush">2001</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trent_Lott" title="Trent Lott">Trent Lott</a> (<a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_George_W._Bush" title="Second inauguration of George W. Bush">2005</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dianne_Feinstein" title="Dianne Feinstein">Dianne Feinstein</a> (<a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Barack_Obama" title="First inauguration of Barack Obama">2009</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Schumer" title="Chuck Schumer">Chuck Schumer</a> (<a href="/wiki/Second_inauguration_of_Barack_Obama" title="Second inauguration of Barack Obama">2013</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Blunt" title="Roy Blunt">Roy Blunt</a> (<a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Donald_Trump" title="First inauguration of Donald Trump">2017</a>, <a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_Joe_Biden" title="Inauguration of Joe Biden">2021</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Republican_Party" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#FFB6B6;;background:#E81B23; color:white"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Template:Republican Party (United States)"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Template talk:Republican Party (United States)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Republican Party (United States)"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Republican_Party" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)"><span class="tmpl-colored-link" style="color: white; text-decoration: inherit;">Republican Party</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#FFB6B6;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="History of the Republican Party (United States)">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Union_Party_(United_States)" title="National Union Party (United States)">National Union Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Party_System" title="Third Party System">Third Party System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Party_System" title="Fourth Party System">Fourth Party System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Party_System" title="Fifth Party System">Fifth Party System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixth_Party_System" title="Sixth Party System">Sixth Party System</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Republican_Party_presidential_tickets" title="List of United States Republican Party presidential tickets">Presidential<br />tickets</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Republican_National_Convention" title="Republican National Convention">national<br />conventions</a>,<br />and<br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="List of Republican Party presidential primaries">presidential<br />primaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1856_Republican_National_Convention" title="1856 Republican National Convention">1856 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/John_C._Fr%C3%A9mont" title="John C. Frémont">Frémont</a>/<a href="/wiki/William_L._Dayton" title="William L. Dayton">Dayton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1860_Republican_National_Convention" title="1860 Republican National Convention">1860 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Lincoln</a>/<a href="/wiki/Hannibal_Hamlin" title="Hannibal Hamlin">Hamlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1864_National_Union_National_Convention" title="1864 National Union National Convention">1864 (Baltimore)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Lincoln</a>/<a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1868_Republican_National_Convention" title="1868 Republican National Convention">1868 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Ulysses S. Grant">Grant</a>/<a href="/wiki/Schuyler_Colfax" title="Schuyler Colfax">Colfax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1872_Republican_National_Convention" title="1872 Republican National Convention">1872 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Ulysses S. Grant">Grant</a>/<a href="/wiki/Henry_Wilson" title="Henry Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_Republican_National_Convention" title="1876 Republican National Convention">1876 (Cincinnati)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Rutherford_B._Hayes" title="Rutherford B. Hayes">Hayes</a>/<a href="/wiki/William_A._Wheeler" title="William A. Wheeler">Wheeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_Republican_National_Convention" title="1880 Republican National Convention">1880 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/James_A._Garfield" title="James A. Garfield">Garfield</a>/<a href="/wiki/Chester_A._Arthur" title="Chester A. Arthur">Arthur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1884_Republican_National_Convention" title="1884 Republican National Convention">1884 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/James_G._Blaine" title="James G. Blaine">Blaine</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_A._Logan" title="John A. Logan">Logan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_Republican_National_Convention" title="1888 Republican National Convention">1888 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison" title="Benjamin Harrison">Harrison</a>/<a href="/wiki/Levi_P._Morton" title="Levi P. Morton">Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1892_Republican_National_Convention" title="1892 Republican National Convention">1892 (Minneapolis)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison" title="Benjamin Harrison">Harrison</a>/<a href="/wiki/Whitelaw_Reid" title="Whitelaw Reid">Reid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1896_Republican_National_Convention" title="1896 Republican National Convention">1896 (Saint Louis)</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_McKinley" title="William McKinley">McKinley</a>/<a href="/wiki/Garret_Hobart" title="Garret Hobart">Hobart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1900_Republican_National_Convention" title="1900 Republican National Convention">1900 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_McKinley" title="William McKinley">McKinley</a>/<a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Roosevelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1904_Republican_National_Convention" title="1904 Republican National Convention">1904 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Roosevelt</a>/<a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Fairbanks" title="Charles W. Fairbanks">Fairbanks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1908_Republican_National_Convention" title="1908 Republican National Convention">1908 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">Taft</a>/<a href="/wiki/James_S._Sherman" title="James S. Sherman">Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1912_Republican_National_Convention" title="1912 Republican National Convention">1912 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">Taft</a>/<a href="/wiki/James_S._Sherman" title="James S. Sherman">Sherman</a>/<a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Murray_Butler" title="Nicholas Murray Butler">Butler</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1912_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1912 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1916_Republican_National_Convention" title="1916 Republican National Convention">1916 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Evans_Hughes" title="Charles Evans Hughes">Hughes</a>/<a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Fairbanks" title="Charles W. Fairbanks">Fairbanks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1916_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1916 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1920_Republican_National_Convention" title="1920 Republican National Convention">1920 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Warren_G._Harding" title="Warren G. Harding">Harding</a>/<a href="/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge" title="Calvin Coolidge">Coolidge</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1920_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1920 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_Republican_National_Convention" title="1924 Republican National Convention">1924 (Cleveland)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge" title="Calvin Coolidge">Coolidge</a>/<a href="/wiki/Charles_G._Dawes" title="Charles G. Dawes">Dawes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1924_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1924 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1928_Republican_National_Convention" title="1928 Republican National Convention">1928 (Kansas City)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Hoover</a>/<a href="/wiki/Charles_Curtis" title="Charles Curtis">Curtis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1928_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1928 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1932_Republican_National_Convention" title="1932 Republican National Convention">1932 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Hoover</a>/<a href="/wiki/Charles_Curtis" title="Charles Curtis">Curtis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1932_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1932 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1936_Republican_National_Convention" title="1936 Republican National Convention">1936 (Cleveland)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Alf_Landon" title="Alf Landon">Landon</a>/<a href="/wiki/Frank_Knox" title="Frank Knox">Knox</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1936_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1936 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Republican_National_Convention" title="1940 Republican National Convention">1940 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Wendell_Willkie" title="Wendell Willkie">Willkie</a>/<a href="/wiki/Charles_L._McNary" title="Charles L. McNary">McNary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1940_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1940 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_Republican_National_Convention" title="1944 Republican National Convention">1944 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_E._Dewey" title="Thomas E. Dewey">Dewey</a>/<a href="/wiki/John_W._Bricker" title="John W. Bricker">Bricker</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1944_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1944 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_Republican_National_Convention" title="1948 Republican National Convention">1948 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_E._Dewey" title="Thomas E. Dewey">Dewey</a>/<a href="/wiki/Earl_Warren" title="Earl Warren">Warren</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1948_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1948 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_Republican_National_Convention" title="1952 Republican National Convention">1952 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Eisenhower</a>/<a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1952_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1952 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956_Republican_National_Convention" title="1956 Republican National Convention">1956 (San Francisco)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Eisenhower</a>/<a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1956_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1956 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960_Republican_National_Convention" title="1960 Republican National Convention">1960 (Chicago)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a>/<a href="/wiki/Henry_Cabot_Lodge_Jr." title="Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.">Lodge</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1960_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1960 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_Republican_National_Convention" title="1964 Republican National Convention">1964 (San Francisco)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater" title="Barry Goldwater">Goldwater</a>/<a href="/wiki/William_E._Miller" title="William E. Miller">Miller</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1964_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1964 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Republican_National_Convention" title="1968 Republican National Convention">1968 (Miami Beach)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a>/<a href="/wiki/Spiro_Agnew" title="Spiro Agnew">Agnew</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1968_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1968 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972_Republican_National_Convention" title="1972 Republican National Convention">1972 (Miami Beach)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a>/<a href="/wiki/Spiro_Agnew" title="Spiro Agnew">Agnew</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1972_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1972 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Republican_National_Convention" title="1976 Republican National Convention">1976 (Kansas City)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Ford</a>/<a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole" title="Bob Dole">Dole</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1976_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1976 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_National_Convention" title="1980 Republican National Convention">1980 (Detroit)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Reagan</a>/<a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">G. H. W. Bush</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1980_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1980 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1984_Republican_National_Convention" title="1984 Republican National Convention">1984 (Dallas)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Reagan</a>/<a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">G. H. W. Bush</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1984_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1984 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Republican_National_Convention" title="1988 Republican National Convention">1988 (New Orleans)</a>: <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">G. H. W. Bush</a>/<a href="/wiki/Dan_Quayle" title="Dan Quayle">Quayle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1988_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1988 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Republican_National_Convention" title="1992 Republican National Convention">1992 (Houston)</a>: <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">G. H. W. Bush</a>/<a href="/wiki/Dan_Quayle" title="Dan Quayle">Quayle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1992_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1992 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Republican_National_Convention" title="1996 Republican National Convention">1996 (San Diego)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole" title="Bob Dole">Dole</a>/<a href="/wiki/Jack_Kemp" title="Jack Kemp">Kemp</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1996_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1996 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Republican_National_Convention" title="2000 Republican National Convention">2000 (Philadelphia)</a>: <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">G. W. Bush</a>/<a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Cheney</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2000_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2000 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Republican_National_Convention" title="2004 Republican National Convention">2004 (New York)</a>: <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">G. W. Bush</a>/<a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Cheney</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2004_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2004 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Republican_National_Convention" title="2008 Republican National Convention">2008 (St. Paul)</a>: <a href="/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain">McCain</a>/<a href="/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin">Palin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2008_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2008 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Republican_National_Convention" title="2012 Republican National Convention">2012 (Tampa)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Mitt_Romney" title="Mitt Romney">Romney</a>/<a href="/wiki/Paul_Ryan" title="Paul Ryan">Ryan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2012_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2012 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Republican_National_Convention" title="2016 Republican National Convention">2016 (Cleveland)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Trump</a>/<a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">Pence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2016_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2016 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Republican_National_Convention" title="2020 Republican National Convention">2020 (Charlotte/other locations)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Trump</a>/<a href="/wiki/Mike_Pence" title="Mike Pence">Pence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2020 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Republican_National_Convention" title="2024 Republican National Convention">2024 (Milwaukee)</a>: <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Trump</a>/<a href="/wiki/JD_Vance" title="JD Vance">Vance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2024_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2024 Republican Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2028_Republican_National_Convention" title="2028 Republican National Convention">2028 (Houston)</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">Presidential</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Administration_(government)" title="Administration (government)">administrations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Abraham_Lincoln" title="Presidency of Abraham Lincoln">Lincoln</a> (1861–1865)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Andrew_Johnson" title="Presidency of Andrew Johnson">Johnson</a> (1865–1868)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Presidency of Ulysses S. Grant">Grant</a> (1869–1877)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Rutherford_B._Hayes" title="Presidency of Rutherford B. Hayes">Hayes</a> (1877–1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_A._Garfield" title="James A. Garfield">Garfield</a> (1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Chester_A._Arthur" title="Presidency of Chester A. Arthur">Arthur</a> (1881–1885)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Benjamin_Harrison" title="Presidency of Benjamin Harrison">Harrison</a> (1889–1893)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_William_McKinley" title="Presidency of William McKinley">McKinley</a> (1897–1901)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt">Roosevelt</a> (1901–1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_William_Howard_Taft" title="Presidency of William Howard Taft">Taft</a> (1909–1913)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Warren_G._Harding" title="Presidency of Warren G. Harding">Harding</a> (1921–1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Calvin_Coolidge" title="Presidency of Calvin Coolidge">Coolidge</a> (1923–1929)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Herbert_Hoover" title="Presidency of Herbert Hoover">Hoover</a> (1929–1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Presidency of Dwight D. Eisenhower">Eisenhower</a> (1953–1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Richard_Nixon" title="Presidency of Richard Nixon">Nixon</a> (1969–1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Gerald_Ford" title="Presidency of Gerald Ford">Ford</a> (1974–1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Presidency of Ronald Reagan">Reagan</a> (1981–1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_George_H._W._Bush" title="Presidency of George H. W. Bush">G. H. W. Bush</a> (1989–1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_George_W._Bush" title="Presidency of George W. Bush">G. W. Bush</a> (2001–2009)</li> <li>Trump (<a href="/wiki/First_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="First presidency of Donald Trump">2017–2021</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Party leaders of the United States House of Representatives">U.S. House<br />leaders</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_speakers_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="List of speakers of the United States House of Representatives">Speakers</a>,<br />and<br /><a href="/wiki/House_Republican_Conference" title="House Republican Conference">Conference<br />chairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Pennington" title="William Pennington">Pennington</a> (1860–1861)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galusha_A._Grow" title="Galusha A. Grow">Grow</a> (1861–1863)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schuyler_Colfax" title="Schuyler Colfax">Colfax</a> (1863–1869)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_M._Pomeroy" title="Theodore M. Pomeroy">Pomeroy</a> (1869)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_G._Blaine" title="James G. Blaine">Blaine</a> (1869–1875)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._McCrary" title="George W. McCrary">McCrary</a> (1875–1877)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Hale" title="Eugene Hale">Hale</a> (1877–1879)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_P._Frye" title="William P. Frye">Frye</a> (1879–1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Warren_Keifer" title="J. Warren Keifer">Keifer</a> (1881–1883)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gurney_Cannon" title="Joseph Gurney Cannon">Cannon</a> (1883–1889)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Brackett_Reed" title="Thomas Brackett Reed">Reed</a> (1889–1891)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Henderson_(politician)" title="Thomas J. Henderson (politician)">T. J. Henderson</a> (1891–1895)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Brackett_Reed" title="Thomas Brackett Reed">Reed</a> (1895–1899)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_B._Henderson" title="David B. Henderson">D. B. Henderson</a> (1899–1903)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gurney_Cannon" title="Joseph Gurney Cannon">Cannon</a> (1903–1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Robert_Mann_(Illinois_politician)" title="James Robert Mann (Illinois politician)">Mann</a> (1911–1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_H._Gillett" title="Frederick H. Gillett">Gillett</a> (1919–1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Longworth" title="Nicholas Longworth">Longworth</a> (1925–1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Snell" title="Bertrand Snell">Snell</a> (1931–1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._Martin_Jr." title="Joseph W. Martin Jr.">Martin</a> (1939–1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_A._Halleck" title="Charles A. Halleck">Halleck</a> (1959–1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Ford</a> (1965–1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Jacob_Rhodes" title="John Jacob Rhodes">Rhodes</a> (1973–1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_H._Michel" title="Robert H. Michel">Michel</a> (1981–1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newt_Gingrich" title="Newt Gingrich">Gingrich</a> (1995–1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Hastert" title="Dennis Hastert">Hastert</a> (1999–2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Boehner" title="John Boehner">Boehner</a> (2007–2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Ryan" title="Paul Ryan">Ryan</a> (2015–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_McCarthy" title="Kevin McCarthy">McCarthy</a> (2019–2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Johnson" title="Mike Johnson">Johnson</a> (2023–)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Republican_National_Committee" title="Republican National Committee">RNC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Chairs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_D._Morgan" title="Edwin D. Morgan">Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Jarvis_Raymond" title="Henry Jarvis Raymond">Raymond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Lawrence_Ward" title="Marcus Lawrence Ward">Ward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Claflin" title="William Claflin">Claflin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_D._Morgan" title="Edwin D. Morgan">Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zachariah_Chandler" title="Zachariah Chandler">Chandler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Donald_Cameron" title="J. Donald Cameron">Cameron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Jewell" title="Marshall Jewell">Jewell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_M._Sabin" title="Dwight M. Sabin">Sabin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Franklin_Jones_(industrialist)" title="Benjamin Franklin Jones (industrialist)">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Quay" title="Matthew Quay">Quay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_S._Clarkson" title="James S. Clarkson">Clarkson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_James_Campbell" title="William James Campbell">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_H._Carter" title="Thomas H. Carter">Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Hanna" title="Mark Hanna">Hanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Clay_Payne" title="Henry Clay Payne">Payne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_B._Cortelyou" title="George B. Cortelyou">Cortelyou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_S._New" title="Harry S. New">New</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Harris_Hitchcock" title="Frank Harris Hitchcock">Hitchcock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Fremont_Hill" title="John Fremont Hill">Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Rosewater" title="Victor Rosewater">Rosewater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_D._Hilles" title="Charles D. Hilles">Hilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Russell_Willcox" title="William Russell Willcox">Wilcox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Will_H._Hays" title="Will H. Hays">Hays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_T._Adams" title="John T. Adams">Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_M._Butler" title="William M. Butler">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_Work" title="Hubert Work">Work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudius_H._Huston" title="Claudius H. Huston">Huston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simeon_D._Fess" title="Simeon D. Fess">Fess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everett_Sanders" title="Everett Sanders">Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_P._Fletcher" title="Henry P. Fletcher">Fletcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hamilton_(Kansas_politician)" title="John Hamilton (Kansas politician)">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._Martin_Jr." title="Joseph W. Martin Jr.">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bailey_Walsh" title="Bailey Walsh">Walsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrison_E._Spangler" title="Harrison E. Spangler">Spangler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Brownell_Jr." title="Herbert Brownell Jr.">Brownell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._Carroll_Reece" title="B. Carroll Reece">Reece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Scott" title="Hugh Scott">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Gabrielson" title="Guy Gabrielson">Gabrielson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Summerfield" title="Arthur Summerfield">Summerfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Wesley_Roberts" title="C. Wesley Roberts">Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_W._Hall" title="Leonard W. Hall">Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meade_Alcorn" title="Meade Alcorn">Alcorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thruston_Ballard_Morton" title="Thruston Ballard Morton">T. Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_E._Miller" title="William E. Miller">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dean_Burch" title="Dean Burch">Burch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_C._Bliss" title="Ray C. Bliss">Bliss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogers_Morton" title="Rogers Morton">R. Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dole" title="Bob Dole">Dole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">Bush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Louise_Smith_(politician)" title="Mary Louise Smith (politician)">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Brock" title="Bill Brock">Brock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Richards_(Utah_politician)" title="Richard Richards (Utah politician)">Richards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Laxalt" title="Paul Laxalt">Laxalt</a>/<a href="/wiki/Frank_Fahrenkopf" title="Frank Fahrenkopf">Fahrenkopf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Fahrenkopf" title="Frank Fahrenkopf">Fahrenkopf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Atwater" title="Lee Atwater">Atwater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clayton_Yeutter" title="Clayton Yeutter">Yeutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Bond_(political_executive)" title="Richard Bond (political executive)">Bond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haley_Barbour" title="Haley Barbour">Barbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Nicholson_(Secretary_of_Veterans_Affairs)" title="Jim Nicholson (Secretary of Veterans Affairs)">Nicholson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Gilmore" title="Jim Gilmore">Gilmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Racicot" title="Marc Racicot">Racicot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Gillespie" title="Ed Gillespie">Gillespie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Mehlman" title="Ken Mehlman">Mehlman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez" title="Mel Martínez">Martínez</a>/<a href="/wiki/Mike_Duncan" title="Mike Duncan">Duncan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Duncan" title="Mike Duncan">Duncan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Steele" title="Michael Steele">Steele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reince_Priebus" title="Reince Priebus">Priebus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronna_McDaniel" title="Ronna McDaniel">McDaniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Whatley" title="Michael Whatley">Whatley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Chair elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2009_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2009 Republican National Committee chairmanship election">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2011 Republican National Committee chairmanship election">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2013 Republican National Committee chairmanship election">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2015 Republican National Committee chairmanship election">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2017 Republican National Committee chairmanship election">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2019_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2019 Republican National Committee chairmanship election (page does not exist)">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2021_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2021 Republican National Committee chairmanship election (page does not exist)">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" title="2023 Republican National Committee chairmanship election">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Republican_National_Committee_chairmanship_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 Republican National Committee chairmanship election">2024</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_parties_of_the_Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="List of state parties of the Republican Party (United States)">Parties</a> by<br />state and<br />territory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">State</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alabama_Republican_Party" title="Alabama Republican Party">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaska_Republican_Party" title="Alaska Republican Party">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arizona_Republican_Party" title="Arizona Republican Party">Arizona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Arkansas" title="Republican Party of Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_Republican_Party" title="California Republican Party">California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Republican_Party" title="Colorado Republican Party">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connecticut_Republican_Party" title="Connecticut Republican Party">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_State_Committee_of_Delaware" title="Republican State Committee of Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Florida" title="Republican Party of Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_Republican_Party" title="Georgia Republican Party">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaii_Republican_Party" title="Hawaii Republican Party">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idaho_Republican_Party" title="Idaho Republican Party">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illinois_Republican_Party" title="Illinois Republican Party">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Republican_Party" title="Indiana Republican Party">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Iowa" title="Republican Party of Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_Republican_Party" title="Kansas Republican Party">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Kentucky" title="Republican Party of Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Louisiana" title="Republican Party of Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maine_Republican_Party" title="Maine Republican Party">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryland_Republican_Party" title="Maryland Republican Party">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Republican_Party" title="Massachusetts Republican Party">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michigan_Republican_Party" title="Michigan Republican Party">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Minnesota" title="Republican Party of Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_Republican_Party" title="Mississippi Republican Party">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missouri_Republican_Party" title="Missouri Republican Party">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montana_Republican_Party" title="Montana Republican Party">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebraska_Republican_Party" title="Nebraska Republican Party">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevada_Republican_Party" title="Nevada Republican Party">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire_Republican_State_Committee" title="New Hampshire Republican State Committee">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Republican_Party" title="New Jersey Republican Party">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_New_Mexico" title="Republican Party of New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Republican_State_Committee" title="New York Republican State Committee">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_Republican_Party" title="North Carolina Republican Party">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Dakota_Republican_Party" title="North Dakota Republican Party">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_Republican_Party" title="Ohio Republican Party">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma_Republican_Party" title="Oklahoma Republican Party">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oregon_Republican_Party" title="Oregon Republican Party">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Republican_Party" title="Pennsylvania Republican Party">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island_Republican_Party" title="Rhode Island Republican Party">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Carolina_Republican_Party" title="South Carolina Republican Party">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Dakota_Republican_Party" title="South Dakota Republican Party">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Republican_Party" title="Tennessee Republican Party">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Texas" title="Republican Party of Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utah_Republican_Party" title="Utah Republican Party">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vermont_Republican_Party" title="Vermont Republican Party">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Virginia" title="Republican Party of Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_State_Republican_Party" title="Washington State Republican Party">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Virginia_Republican_Party" title="West Virginia Republican Party">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Wisconsin" title="Republican Party of Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wyoming_Republican_Party" title="Wyoming Republican Party">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Territory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_American_Samoa" title="Republican Party of American Samoa">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_of_Columbia_Republican_Party" title="District of Columbia Republican Party">District of Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Guam" title="Republican Party of Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(Northern_Mariana_Islands)" title="Republican Party (Northern Mariana Islands)">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Republican Party of Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_of_the_Virgin_Islands" title="Republican Party of the Virgin Islands">Virgin Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)_organizations" title="Republican Party (United States) organizations">Affiliated <br /> organizations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Congress</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_Republican_Conference" title="House Republican Conference">House Conference</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Digest" title="Legislative Digest">Legislative Digest</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steering_and_Policy_Committees_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Steering and Policy Committees of the United States House of Representatives">Steering and Policy Committees</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_Republican_Conference" title="Senate Republican Conference">Senate Conference</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Republican_Policy_Committee" title="United States Senate Republican Policy Committee">Policy Committee</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Factions_in_the_Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Factions in the Republican Party (United States)">Factions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Caucus" title="Freedom Caucus">Freedom Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Problem_Solvers_Caucus" title="Problem Solvers Caucus">Problem Solvers Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Governance_Group" title="Republican Governance Group">Republican Governance Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Study_Committee" title="Republican Study Committee">Republican Study Committee</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Fundraising<br />groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Republican_Congressional_Committee" title="National Republican Congressional Committee">National Republican Congressional Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Republican_Redistricting_Trust" title="National Republican Redistricting Trust">National Republican Redistricting Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Republican_Senatorial_Committee" title="National Republican Senatorial Committee">National Republican Senatorial Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Attorneys_General_Association" title="Republican Attorneys General Association">Republican Attorneys General Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Governors_Association" title="Republican Governors Association">Republican Governors Association</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Sectional<br />groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/College_Republicans" title="College Republicans">College Republicans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chairpersons_of_the_College_Republicans" title="List of chairpersons of the College Republicans">Chairmen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Hispanic_Conference" title="Congressional Hispanic Conference">Congressional Hispanic Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Log_Cabin_Republicans" title="Log Cabin Republicans">Log Cabin Republicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Jewish_Coalition" title="Republican Jewish Coalition">Republican Jewish Coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_National_Hispanic_Assembly" title="Republican National Hispanic Assembly">Republican National Hispanic Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicans_Abroad" title="Republicans Abroad">Republicans Abroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teen_Age_Republicans" title="Teen Age Republicans">Teen Age Republicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Republicans" title="Young Republicans">Young Republicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicans_Overseas" title="Republicans Overseas">Republicans Overseas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_School_Republican_National_Federation" title="High School Republican National Federation">High School Republican National Federation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Factional<br />groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Main_Street_Partnership" title="Republican Main Street Partnership">Republican Main Street Partnership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Majority_for_Choice" title="Republican Majority for Choice">Republican Majority for Choice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Liberty_Caucus" title="Republican Liberty Caucus">Republican Liberty Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_National_Coalition_for_Life" title="Republican National Coalition for Life">Republican National Coalition for Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ConservAmerica" title="ConservAmerica">ConservAmerica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Caucus" title="Liberty Caucus">Liberty Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ripon_Society" title="Ripon Society">Ripon Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wish_List_(political_organization)" title="The Wish List (political organization)">The Wish List</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFB6B6;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="List of Republican Party presidential primaries">Primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_presidential_debates" title="Republican Party presidential debates">Debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_the_history_of_the_Republican_Party" title="Bibliography of the history of the Republican Party">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Democracy_Union" title="International Democracy Union">International Democracy Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_modern_American_conservatism" title="Timeline of modern American conservatism">Timeline of modern American conservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trumpism" title="Trumpism">Trumpism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="Template:United States senators from Kentucky"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="Template talk:United States senators from Kentucky"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States senators from Kentucky"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">United States senators from Kentucky</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Classes_of_United_States_senators#Class_2" title="Classes of United States senators">Class 2</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Brown_(Kentucky_politician,_born_1757)" title="John Brown (Kentucky politician, born 1757)">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckner_Thruston" title="Buckner Thruston">Thruston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Clay" title="Henry Clay">Clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_M._Bibb" title="George M. Bibb">Bibb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Walker_(Kentucky_politician)" title="George Walker (Kentucky politician)">Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_T._Barry" title="William T. Barry">Barry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_D._Hardin" title="Martin D. Hardin">Hardin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Crittenden" title="John J. Crittenden">Crittenden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Mentor_Johnson" title="Richard Mentor Johnson">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_M._Bibb" title="George M. Bibb">Bibb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Crittenden" title="John J. Crittenden">Crittenden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_T._Morehead_(Kentucky_politician)" title="James T. Morehead (Kentucky politician)">Morehead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_R._Underwood" title="Joseph R. Underwood">J. Underwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Burton_Thompson" title="John Burton Thompson">Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazarus_W._Powell" class="mw-redirect" title="Lazarus W. Powell">Powell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Guthrie_(Kentucky_politician)" title="James Guthrie (Kentucky politician)">Guthrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_C._McCreery" title="Thomas C. McCreery">McCreery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Stevenson" title="John W. Stevenson">Stevenson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_B._Beck" title="James B. Beck">Beck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_G._Carlisle" title="John G. Carlisle">Carlisle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Lindsay_(Kentucky_politician)" title="William Lindsay (Kentucky politician)">Lindsay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._C._S._Blackburn" title="J. C. S. Blackburn">Blackburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_H._Paynter" title="Thomas H. Paynter">Paynter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ollie_Murray_James" title="Ollie Murray James">James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_B._Martin" title="George B. Martin">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_Owsley_Stanley" title="Augustus Owsley Stanley">Stanley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederic_M._Sackett" title="Frederic M. Sackett">Sackett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._Robsion" title="John M. Robsion">Robsion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_M._Williamson" title="Ben M. Williamson">Williamson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._M._Logan" title="M. M. Logan">M. Logan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Happy_Chandler" title="Happy Chandler">Chandler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_A._Stanfill" title="William A. Stanfill">Stanfill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sherman_Cooper" title="John Sherman Cooper">Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgil_Chapman" title="Virgil Chapman">Chapman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_R._Underwood" title="Thomas R. Underwood">T. Underwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sherman_Cooper" title="John Sherman Cooper">Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alben_W._Barkley" title="Alben W. Barkley">Barkley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Humphreys_(politician)" title="Robert Humphreys (politician)">Humphreys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sherman_Cooper" title="John Sherman Cooper">Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Dee_Huddleston" title="Walter Dee Huddleston">Huddleston</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">McConnell</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Classes_of_United_States_senators#Class_3" title="Classes of United States senators">Class 3</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Edwards_(Kentucky_politician)" title="John Edwards (Kentucky politician)">Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humphrey_Marshall_(politician)" title="Humphrey Marshall (politician)">Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Breckinridge_(U.S._Attorney_General)" title="John Breckinridge (U.S. Attorney General)">J. Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Adair" title="John Adair">Adair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Clay" title="Henry Clay">Clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Pope_(Kentucky_politician)" title="John Pope (Kentucky politician)">Pope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Bledsoe" title="Jesse Bledsoe">Bledsoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isham_Talbot" title="Isham Talbot">Talbot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Logan_(politician)" title="William Logan (politician)">W. Logan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isham_Talbot" title="Isham Talbot">Talbot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Rowan_(Kentucky_politician)" title="John Rowan (Kentucky politician)">Rowan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Clay" title="Henry Clay">Clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Crittenden" title="John J. Crittenden">Crittenden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Metcalfe_(Kentucky_politician)" title="Thomas Metcalfe (Kentucky politician)">Metcalfe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Clay" title="Henry Clay">Clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Meriwether_(Kentucky_politician)" title="David Meriwether (Kentucky politician)">Meriwether</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Dixon" title="Archibald Dixon">Dixon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Crittenden" title="John J. Crittenden">Crittenden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Breckinridge" title="John C. Breckinridge">J. C. Breckinridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garrett_Davis" title="Garrett Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willis_B._Machen" title="Willis B. Machen">Machen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_C._McCreery" title="Thomas C. McCreery">McCreery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Stuart_Williams" title="John Stuart Williams">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._C._S._Blackburn" title="J. C. S. Blackburn">Blackburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Deboe" title="William J. Deboe">Deboe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_B._McCreary" title="James B. McCreary">McCreary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_O%27Connell_Bradley" title="William O'Connell Bradley">Bradley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnson_N._Camden_Jr." title="Johnson N. Camden Jr.">Camden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._C._W._Beckham" title="J. C. W. Beckham">Beckham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_P._Ernst" title="Richard P. Ernst">Ernst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alben_W._Barkley" title="Alben W. Barkley">Barkley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garrett_Withers" title="Garrett Withers">Withers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earle_Clements" title="Earle Clements">Clements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thruston_Ballard_Morton" title="Thruston Ballard Morton">Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlow_Cook" title="Marlow Cook">Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wendell_Ford" title="Wendell Ford">Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Bunning" title="Jim Bunning">Bunning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">Paul</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Kentucky&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_99th–present_United_States_Congresses_(ordered_by_seniority)" style="display:table;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USCongRep-start" title="Template talk:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Kentucky&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_99th–present_United_States_Congresses_(ordered_by_seniority)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a>'s delegation(s) to the 99th–present <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congresses</a> <span class="nowrap">(ordered by seniority)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/99th_United_States_Congress" title="99th United States Congress">99th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Wendell_Ford" title="Wendell Ford">W. Ford</a> (D) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">M. McConnell</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Natcher" title="William Natcher">W. Natcher</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Gene_Snyder" title="Gene Snyder">G. Snyder</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Romano_Mazzoli" title="Romano Mazzoli">R. Mazzoli</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Carroll_Hubbard" title="Carroll Hubbard">C. Hubbard</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Larry_J._Hopkins" title="Larry J. Hopkins">L. Hopkins</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">H. Rogers</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Chris_Perkins_(politician)" title="Chris Perkins (politician)"><i>C. C. Perkins</i></a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/100th_United_States_Congress" title="100th United States Congress">100th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Wendell_Ford" title="Wendell Ford">W. Ford</a> (D) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">M. McConnell</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Natcher" title="William Natcher">W. Natcher</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Romano_Mazzoli" title="Romano Mazzoli">R. Mazzoli</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Carroll_Hubbard" title="Carroll Hubbard">C. Hubbard</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Larry_J._Hopkins" title="Larry J. Hopkins">L. Hopkins</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">H. Rogers</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Chris_Perkins_(politician)" title="Chris Perkins (politician)">C. C. Perkins</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jim_Bunning" title="Jim Bunning">J. Bunning</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/101st_United_States_Congress" title="101st United States Congress">101st</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Wendell_Ford" title="Wendell Ford">W. Ford</a> (D) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">M. McConnell</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Natcher" title="William Natcher">W. Natcher</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Romano_Mazzoli" title="Romano Mazzoli">R. Mazzoli</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Carroll_Hubbard" title="Carroll Hubbard">C. Hubbard</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Larry_J._Hopkins" title="Larry J. Hopkins">L. Hopkins</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">H. Rogers</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Chris_Perkins_(politician)" title="Chris Perkins (politician)">C. C. Perkins</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jim_Bunning" title="Jim Bunning">J. Bunning</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/102nd_United_States_Congress" title="102nd United States Congress">102nd</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Wendell_Ford" title="Wendell Ford">W. Ford</a> (D) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">M. McConnell</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Natcher" title="William Natcher">W. Natcher</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Romano_Mazzoli" title="Romano Mazzoli">R. Mazzoli</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Carroll_Hubbard" title="Carroll Hubbard">C. Hubbard</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Larry_J._Hopkins" title="Larry J. Hopkins">L. Hopkins</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">H. Rogers</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Chris_Perkins_(politician)" title="Chris Perkins (politician)">C. C. Perkins</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jim_Bunning" title="Jim Bunning">J. Bunning</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/103rd_United_States_Congress" title="103rd United States Congress">103rd</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Wendell_Ford" title="Wendell Ford">W. Ford</a> (D) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">M. McConnell</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/William_Natcher" title="William Natcher"><i>W. Natcher</i></a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Romano_Mazzoli" title="Romano Mazzoli">R. Mazzoli</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">H. Rogers</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jim_Bunning" title="Jim Bunning">J. Bunning</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Scotty_Baesler" title="Scotty Baesler">S. Baesler</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Barlow_(Kentucky_politician)" title="Thomas Barlow (Kentucky politician)">T. Barlow</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ron_Lewis" title="Ron Lewis"><i>R. Lewis</i></a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/104th_United_States_Congress" title="104th United States Congress">104th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Wendell_Ford" title="Wendell Ford">W. Ford</a> (D) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">M. McConnell</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">H. Rogers</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jim_Bunning" title="Jim Bunning">J. Bunning</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Scotty_Baesler" title="Scotty Baesler">S. Baesler</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ron_Lewis" title="Ron Lewis">R. Lewis</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Mike_Ward_(American_politician)" title="Mike Ward (American politician)">M. Ward</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ed_Whitfield" title="Ed Whitfield">E. Whitfield</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/105th_United_States_Congress" title="105th United States Congress">105th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Wendell_Ford" title="Wendell Ford">W. Ford</a> (D) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">M. McConnell</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">H. Rogers</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jim_Bunning" title="Jim Bunning">J. Bunning</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Scotty_Baesler" title="Scotty Baesler">S. Baesler</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ron_Lewis" title="Ron Lewis">R. Lewis</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ed_Whitfield" title="Ed Whitfield">E. Whitfield</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Anne_Northup" title="Anne Northup">A. Northup</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/106th_United_States_Congress" title="106th United States Congress">106th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">M. McConnell</a> (R) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jim_Bunning" title="Jim Bunning">J. Bunning</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">H. Rogers</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ron_Lewis" title="Ron Lewis">R. Lewis</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ed_Whitfield" title="Ed Whitfield">E. Whitfield</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Anne_Northup" title="Anne Northup">A. Northup</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ernie_Fletcher" title="Ernie Fletcher">E. Fletcher</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ken_Lucas_(politician)" title="Ken Lucas (politician)">K. Lucas</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/107th_United_States_Congress" title="107th United States Congress">107th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">M. McConnell</a> (R) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jim_Bunning" title="Jim Bunning">J. Bunning</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">H. Rogers</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ron_Lewis" title="Ron Lewis">R. Lewis</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ed_Whitfield" title="Ed Whitfield">E. Whitfield</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Anne_Northup" title="Anne Northup">A. Northup</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ernie_Fletcher" title="Ernie Fletcher">E. Fletcher</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ken_Lucas_(politician)" title="Ken Lucas (politician)">K. Lucas</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/108th_United_States_Congress" title="108th United States Congress">108th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">M. McConnell</a> (R) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jim_Bunning" title="Jim Bunning">J. Bunning</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">H. Rogers</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ron_Lewis" title="Ron Lewis">R. Lewis</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ed_Whitfield" title="Ed Whitfield">E. Whitfield</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Anne_Northup" title="Anne Northup">A. Northup</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ernie_Fletcher" title="Ernie Fletcher"><i>E. Fletcher</i></a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ken_Lucas_(politician)" title="Ken Lucas (politician)">K. Lucas</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ben_Chandler" title="Ben Chandler"><i>B. Chandler</i></a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/109th_United_States_Congress" title="109th United States Congress">109th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">M. McConnell</a> (R) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jim_Bunning" title="Jim Bunning">J. Bunning</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">H. Rogers</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ron_Lewis" title="Ron Lewis">R. Lewis</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ed_Whitfield" title="Ed Whitfield">E. Whitfield</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Anne_Northup" title="Anne Northup">A. Northup</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ben_Chandler" title="Ben Chandler">B. Chandler</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Geoff_Davis" title="Geoff Davis">G. Davis</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/110th_United_States_Congress" title="110th United States Congress">110th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">M. McConnell</a> (R) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jim_Bunning" title="Jim Bunning">J. Bunning</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">H. Rogers</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ron_Lewis" title="Ron Lewis">R. Lewis</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ed_Whitfield" title="Ed Whitfield">E. Whitfield</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ben_Chandler" title="Ben Chandler">B. Chandler</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Geoff_Davis" title="Geoff Davis">G. Davis</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Yarmuth" title="John Yarmuth">J. Yarmuth</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/111th_United_States_Congress" title="111th United States Congress">111th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">M. McConnell</a> (R) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jim_Bunning" title="Jim Bunning">J. Bunning</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">H. Rogers</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ed_Whitfield" title="Ed Whitfield">E. Whitfield</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ben_Chandler" title="Ben Chandler">B. Chandler</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Geoff_Davis" title="Geoff Davis">G. Davis</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Yarmuth" title="John Yarmuth">J. Yarmuth</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Brett_Guthrie" title="Brett Guthrie">B. Guthrie</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/112th_United_States_Congress" title="112th United States Congress">112th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">M. McConnell</a> (R) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">R. Paul</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">H. Rogers</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ed_Whitfield" title="Ed Whitfield">E. Whitfield</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ben_Chandler" title="Ben Chandler">B. Chandler</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Geoff_Davis" title="Geoff Davis"><i>G. Davis</i></a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Yarmuth" title="John Yarmuth">J. Yarmuth</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Brett_Guthrie" title="Brett Guthrie">B. Guthrie</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Massie" title="Thomas Massie"><i>T. Massie</i></a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/113th_United_States_Congress" title="113th United States Congress">113th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">M. McConnell</a> (R) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">R. Paul</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">H. Rogers</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ed_Whitfield" title="Ed Whitfield">E. Whitfield</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Yarmuth" title="John Yarmuth">J. Yarmuth</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Brett_Guthrie" title="Brett Guthrie">B. Guthrie</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Massie" title="Thomas Massie">T. Massie</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andy_Barr_(American_politician)" title="Andy Barr (American politician)">A. Barr</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/114th_United_States_Congress" title="114th United States Congress">114th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">M. McConnell</a> (R) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">R. Paul</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">H. Rogers</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Ed_Whitfield" title="Ed Whitfield"><i>E. Whitfield</i></a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Yarmuth" title="John Yarmuth">J. Yarmuth</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Brett_Guthrie" title="Brett Guthrie">B. Guthrie</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Massie" title="Thomas Massie">T. Massie</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andy_Barr_(American_politician)" title="Andy Barr (American politician)">A. Barr</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_Comer_(politician)" title="James Comer (politician)"><i>J. Comer</i></a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/115th_United_States_Congress" title="115th United States Congress">115th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">M. McConnell</a> (R) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">R. Paul</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">H. Rogers</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Yarmuth" title="John Yarmuth">J. Yarmuth</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Brett_Guthrie" title="Brett Guthrie">B. Guthrie</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Massie" title="Thomas Massie">T. Massie</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andy_Barr_(American_politician)" title="Andy Barr (American politician)">A. Barr</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_Comer_(politician)" title="James Comer (politician)">J. Comer</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/116th_United_States_Congress" title="116th United States Congress">116th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">M. McConnell</a> (R) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">R. Paul</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">H. Rogers</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Yarmuth" title="John Yarmuth">J. Yarmuth</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Brett_Guthrie" title="Brett Guthrie">B. Guthrie</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Massie" title="Thomas Massie">T. Massie</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andy_Barr_(American_politician)" title="Andy Barr (American politician)">A. Barr</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_Comer_(politician)" title="James Comer (politician)">J. Comer</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/117th_United_States_Congress" title="117th United States Congress">117th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">M. McConnell</a> (R) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">R. Paul</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">H. Rogers</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/John_Yarmuth" title="John Yarmuth">J. Yarmuth</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Brett_Guthrie" title="Brett Guthrie">B. Guthrie</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Massie" title="Thomas Massie">T. Massie</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andy_Barr_(American_politician)" title="Andy Barr (American politician)">A. Barr</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_Comer_(politician)" title="James Comer (politician)">J. Comer</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/118th_United_States_Congress" title="118th United States Congress">118th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States senators from Kentucky">Senate</a>:</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">M. McConnell</a> (R) <b>·</b> <span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Rand_Paul" title="Rand Paul">R. Paul</a> (R)</div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Kentucky" title="List of United States representatives from Kentucky">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Hal_Rogers" title="Hal Rogers">H. Rogers</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Brett_Guthrie" title="Brett Guthrie">B. Guthrie</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Massie" title="Thomas Massie">T. Massie</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Andy_Barr_(American_politician)" title="Andy Barr (American politician)">A. Barr</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/James_Comer_(politician)" title="James Comer (politician)">J. Comer</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Morgan_McGarvey" title="Morgan McGarvey">M. McGarvey</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355522#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355522#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355522#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/88dcf9cc-62a4-42f1-9a8b-4e9ac7ac0d5d">MusicBrainz</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=M000355">US Congress</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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