A Grammar of Bezhta - Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology

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col-lg-8 d-xl-block col-xl-8 col-main o-1 o-sm-1 o-md-1 o-lg-1">  <div class="frame frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before- frame-space-after-small frame-padding-top- frame-padding-bottom- frame-default default" id="c33519"><div class="ce-content"><div class="ce-header h2-mb ce-header-left"><div class="ce-headline"><h2 class=""> Project Members </h2></div></div><ul><li>Bernard Comrie</li><li>Madzhid Khalilov</li><li>Zaira Khalilova</li></ul></div></div> <div class="frame frame-type-text frame-layout-0 frame-space-before- frame-space-after-small frame-padding-top- frame-padding-bottom- frame-default default" id="c33521"><div class="ce-content"><div class="ce-header h1-mb ce-header-left"><div class="ce-headline"><h1 class=""> A grammar of Bezhta </h1></div></div><p> This project aimed at the description of Bezhta. The grammar includes phonology, morphology and syntax. </p><p>Bezhta belongs to the Tsezic branch of the Nakh-Daghestanian language family, which is spoken in Russia, in the Republic of Daghestan. Bezhta has three dialects, Bezhta Proper, Tladal and Khasharkhota. The grammar is based on Bezhta Proper. <br>Bezhta is spoken by about 8000 people who live in the mountains in the villages Bezhta, Tladal and Khasharkhota, in some lowland districts of Daghestan and in the Daghestanian capital Makhachkala. </p><p>Bezhta has a covert gender category, realized primarily through cross-referencing of arguments on verbs, a small number of non-local cases and a rich system of local cases. Verbs have very rich morphological system of TAM, with distinct finite and non-finite forms (converbs, participles, masdar). Bezhta is a head-final language with the basic word order SOV. As generally in Nakh-Daghestanian languages, the case-marking pattern is ergative. </p><p>A grammar of Bezhta was a joint project with Bernard Comrie, Madzhid Khalilov and Zaira Khalilova.</p></div></div>  </div> <div class=" d-block col-12 d-sm-block col-sm-12 d-md-block col-md-12 d-lg-block col-lg-4 d-xl-block col-xl-4 col-menu o-2 o-sm-2 o-md-2 o-lg-2" role="complementary"> <nav class="mb-3 d-none d-lg-block nav-sidebar" aria-label="Sub navigation" id="sub-nav"> <ul class="nav flex-column nav-pills nav-stacked"> <li class="nav-item nav-item-8205"> <a class="nav-link nav-link-8205" href="/linguistics/index/">Home</a> </li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-8209"> <a class="nav-link nav-link-8209 active sub" href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/">Past Research & Resources</a> <ul class="nav flex-column pl-3"> <li class="nav-item nav-item-8393"> <a class="nav-link nav-link-8393 active sub" href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/documentation-and-description/">Documentation and 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href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/documentation-and-description/an-atlas-of-the-araxes-iran-linguistic-area/">An Atlas of the Araxes-Iran Linguistic Area</a> </li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-8285"> <a class="nav-link nav-link-8285" href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/documentation-and-description/animacy-and-mythology-in-hantxa-kuin-cashinahua/">Animacy and Mythology in Hantxa Kuin (Cashinahua)</a> </li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-8253"> <a class="nav-link nav-link-8253" href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/documentation-and-description/a-pan-dialectal-documentation-of-taa/">A Pan-dialectal Documentation of Taa</a> </li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-8225"> <a class="nav-link nav-link-8225" href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/documentation-and-description/a-reference-grammar-of-oko/">A Reference Grammar of Ọ̀kọ</a> </li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-8283"> <a class="nav-link nav-link-8283" 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nav-item-12875" > Population Genetics (Stephan Schiffels) </a></li></ul></li><li class="sub"><a href="/archaeogenetics/projects/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-12839" > Projects </a><ul><li class=""><a href="/archaeogenetics/projects/histogenes/" class="nav-link nav-item-12853" > HistoGenes </a></li><li class=""><a href="/archaeogenetics/projects/mhaam/" class="nav-link nav-item-12855" > MHAAM </a></li><li class=""><a href="/archaeogenetics/projects/microscope/" class="nav-link nav-item-13054" > Microscope </a></li><li class=""><a href="/archaeogenetics/projects/online-book-computational-methods/" class="nav-link nav-item-13628" > Online book: Computational Methods </a></li><li class=""><a href="/archaeogenetics/projects/poseidon/" class="nav-link nav-item-13056" > Poseidon </a></li></ul></li><li class="sub"><a href="/archaeogenetics/ethics/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-12021" > Ethics </a><ul><li class=""><a href="/archaeogenetics/ethics/introduction/" class="nav-link nav-item-12023" > Introduction </a></li><li class=""><a href="/archaeogenetics/ethics/chapter-1/" class="nav-link nav-item-12025" > Chapter 1 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/archaeogenetics/ethics/chapter-2/" class="nav-link nav-item-12095" > Chapter 2 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/archaeogenetics/ethics/chapter-3/" class="nav-link nav-item-12099" > Chapter 3 </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/archaeogenetics/news/" class="nav-link nav-item-12673" > News </a></li><li class=""><a href="/archaeogenetics/positions-available/" class="nav-link nav-item-12785" > Positions available </a></li><li class=""><a href="/archaeogenetics/publications/" class="nav-link nav-item-11835" > Publications </a></li></ul></li><li class="sub"><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/index/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-11050" > Comparative Cultural Psychology </a><ul><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/index/" class="nav-link nav-item-11052" > Home </a></li><li class="sub"><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/research-areas/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-13194" > Research Areas </a><ul><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/research-areas/social-learning/" class="nav-link nav-item-13198" > Social learning </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/research-areas/social-cognition/" class="nav-link nav-item-13200" > Social cognition </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/research-areas/core-cognition/" class="nav-link nav-item-13202" > Core cognition </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/research-areas/quantified-experience/" class="nav-link nav-item-12807" > Quantified Experience </a></li><li class="sub "><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/research-areas/education-innovation/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-13204" > Education Innovation </a><ul><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/research-areas/education-innovation/community-science-lab/" class="nav-link nav-item-11859" > Community Science Lab </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/research-areas/education-innovation/educational-design-lab/" class="nav-link nav-item-13082" > Educational Design Lab </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/research-areas/education-innovation/zoo-tours/" class="nav-link nav-item-13084" > Zoo Tours </a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="sub"><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/research-groups/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-13578" > Research Groups </a><ul><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/research-areas/child-and-nature/" class="nav-link nav-item-13206" > Child and nature </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/research-groups/minerva-fast-track-group-facets-of-early-social-learning/" class="nav-link nav-item-13582" > Minerva Fast Track Group "Facets of Early Social Learning" </a></li></ul></li><li class="sub"><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/studying-humans/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-12957" > Studying Humans </a><ul><li class="sub "><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/studying-humans/child-study-centre/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-12971" > Child Study Centre </a><ul><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/studying-humans/child-study-centre/sign-up-for-parents/" class="nav-link nav-item-11875" > Sign up for parents </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/studying-humans/child-study-centre/sign-up-for-studies-at-after-school-childcare-centre/" class="nav-link nav-item-13568" > Sign up for studies at after-school childcare centre </a></li></ul></li><li class="sub"><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/studying-humans/global-child-study-network/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-12975" > Global Child Study Network </a><ul><li class="sub "><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/studying-humans/global-child-study-network/field-stations/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-11918" > Field stations </a><ul><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/studying-humans/global-child-study-network/field-stations/congo/" class="nav-link nav-item-11924" > Congo </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/studying-humans/global-child-study-network/field-stations/cameroon/" class="nav-link nav-item-13154" > Cameroon </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/studying-humans/global-child-study-network/field-stations/malaysia/" class="nav-link nav-item-13665" > Malaysia </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/studying-humans/global-child-study-network/field-stations/namibia/" class="nav-link nav-item-11928" > Namibia </a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/studying-humans/manybabies/" class="nav-link nav-item-13125" > ManyBabies </a></li></ul></li><li class="sub"><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/studying-non-human-primates/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-12959" > Studying Non-Human Primates </a><ul><li class="sub "><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/studying-non-human-primates/wolfgang-koehler-primate-research-center/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-12977" > Wolfgang Köhler Primate Research Center </a><ul><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/studying-non-human-primates/wolfgang-koehler-primate-research-center/profile-chimpanzees/" class="nav-link nav-item-11965" > Profile Chimpanzees </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/studying-non-human-primates/wolfgang-koehler-primate-research-center/profile-bonobos/" class="nav-link nav-item-11967" > Profile Bonobos </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/studying-non-human-primates/wolfgang-koehler-primate-research-center/profile-gorillas/" class="nav-link nav-item-11969" > Profile Gorillas </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/studying-non-human-primates/wolfgang-koehler-primate-research-center/profile-orangutans/" class="nav-link nav-item-11971" > Profile Orangutans </a></li></ul></li><li class="sub"><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/studying-non-human-primates/global-primate-study-network/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-12979" > Global Primate Study Network </a><ul><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/studying-non-human-primates/global-primate-study-network/chimfunshi/" class="nav-link nav-item-13222" > Chimfunshi </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/studying-non-human-primates/global-primate-study-network/tacugama/" class="nav-link nav-item-13218" > Tacugama </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/studying-non-human-primates/grapenet-zoo-network/" class="nav-link nav-item-12983" > GrApeNet Zoo Network </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/studying-non-human-primates/manyprimates-network/" class="nav-link nav-item-12981" > ManyPrimates Network </a></li></ul></li><li class="sub"><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-11100" > Staff </a><ul><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/alex-sanchez-amaro/" class="nav-link nav-item-11951" > Alex Sánchez-Amaro </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/alina-linke/" class="nav-link nav-item-13282" > Alina Linke </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/anja-reimann/" class="nav-link nav-item-11425" > Anja Reimann </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/carin-molenaar/" class="nav-link nav-item-12953" > Carin Molenaar </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/christoph-voelter/" class="nav-link nav-item-13667" > Christoph Völter </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/daniel-hanus/" class="nav-link nav-item-8972" > Daniel Hanus </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/daniel-haun/" class="nav-link nav-item-11417" > Daniel Haun </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/daniela-schmidt/" class="nav-link nav-item-13675" > Daniela Schmidt </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/dustin-eirdosh/" class="nav-link nav-item-11152" > Dustin Eirdosh </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/elisa-felsche/" class="nav-link nav-item-12943" > Elisa Felsche </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/frank-scheibe/" class="nav-link nav-item-12939" > Frank Scheibe </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/frankie-fong/" class="nav-link nav-item-12949" > Frankie Fong </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/gregor-kachel/" class="nav-link nav-item-11565" > Gregor Kachel </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/hanna-petschauer/" class="nav-link nav-item-11507" > Hanna Petschauer </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/isabella-eber/" class="nav-link nav-item-11799" > Isabella Eber </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/jana-jurkat/" class="nav-link nav-item-11443" > Jana Jurkat </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/johanna-eckert/" class="nav-link nav-item-11459" > Johanna Eckert </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/josefine-kalbitz/" class="nav-link nav-item-12951" > Josefine Kalbitz </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/julia-prein/" class="nav-link nav-item-11717" > Julia Prein </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/junyu-li/" class="nav-link nav-item-12121" > Junyu Li </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/karri-neldner/" class="nav-link nav-item-11801" > Karri Neldner </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/katharina-haberl/" class="nav-link nav-item-11435" > Katharina Haberl </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/kathrin-kopp/" class="nav-link nav-item-11288" > Kathrin Kopp </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/kirsten-sutherland/" class="nav-link nav-item-11803" > Kirsten Sutherland </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/ljubica-petrovic/" class="nav-link nav-item-13404" > Ljubica Petrovic </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/ludwig-paeth/" class="nav-link nav-item-13683" > Ludwig Paeth </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/lukas-drechsler/" class="nav-link nav-item-13681" > Lukas Drechsler </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/luke-maurits/" class="nav-link nav-item-11947" > Luke Maurits </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/maleen-thiele/" class="nav-link nav-item-11597" > Maleen Thiele </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/manuel-bohn/" class="nav-link nav-item-11531" > Manuel Bohn </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/marie-michael/" class="nav-link nav-item-13669" > Marie Michael </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/marie-padberg/" class="nav-link nav-item-11725" > Marie Padberg </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/melody-ndzenyuiy/" class="nav-link nav-item-12117" > Melody Ngaidzeyuf Ndzenyuiy </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/noemi-thiede/" class="nav-link nav-item-12633" > Noemi Thiede </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/raik-pieszek/" class="nav-link nav-item-11515" > Raik Pieszek </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/paul-grohmann/" class="nav-link nav-item-12941" > Paul Grohmann </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/petra-jahn/" class="nav-link nav-item-11499" > Petra Jahn </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/pierre-etienne-martin/" class="nav-link nav-item-12082" > Pierre-Etienne Martin </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/roman-stengelin/" class="nav-link nav-item-11589" > Roman Stengelin </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/sarah-caldwell/" class="nav-link nav-item-11467" > Sarah Caldwell </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/sebastian-schuette/" class="nav-link nav-item-11523" > Sebastian Schütte </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/sonja-ebel/" class="nav-link nav-item-11224" > Sonja Ebel </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/susanne-goeckeritz/" class="nav-link nav-item-9056" > Susanne Hardecker </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/susanne-mauritz/" class="nav-link nav-item-11451" > Susanne Mauritz </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/wilma-weigelt/" class="nav-link nav-item-11735" > Wilma Weigelt </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/wilson-vieira/" class="nav-link nav-item-11707" > Wilson Vieira </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/yagmur-deniz-kisa/" class="nav-link nav-item-13248" > Yagmur Deniz Kisa </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/staff/yoko-kosuga-billeb/" class="nav-link nav-item-13536" > Yoko Kosuga-Billeb </a></li></ul></li><li class="sub"><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/technical-development/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-12961" > Technical Development </a><ul><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/technical-development/austronesian-game-taxonomy/" class="nav-link nav-item-13144" > Austronesian Game Taxonomy </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/technical-development/case/" class="nav-link nav-item-13162" > CASE (Computer-Animal Self-testing Environment) </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/technical-development/ccp-bead-dispenser/" class="nav-link nav-item-13244" > CCP Bead Dispenser </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/technical-development/eye-tracking/" class="nav-link nav-item-13178" > Eye Tracking </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/technical-development/location/" class="nav-link nav-item-13240" > Location Tracking </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/technical-development/quantex-share/" class="nav-link nav-item-13506" > QuantEx-share </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/technical-development/tango/" class="nav-link nav-item-13262" > TANGO (gaze understanding) </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/technical-development/thermal-imaging/" class="nav-link nav-item-13174" > Thermal Imaging </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/technical-development/touch-screen/" class="nav-link nav-item-13166" > Touch Screen </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/technical-development/virtual-reality/" class="nav-link nav-item-13170" > Virtual Reality </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/publications/" class="nav-link nav-item-11260" > Publications </a></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/positions-available/" class="nav-link nav-item-11140" > Career </a></li><li class="sub"><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/events/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-13488" > Events </a><ul><li class=" "><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/events/2024-btg2/" class="nav-link nav-item-13490" > 2024-Bridging the Technological Gap Workshop 2.0 </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/comparative-cultural-psychology/contact/" class="nav-link nav-item-11054" > Contact </a></li></ul></li><li class="sub"><a href="/genetics/index/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-32" > Evolutionary Genetics </a><ul><li class=""><a href="/genetics/index/" class="nav-link nav-item-222" > Home </a></li><li class="sub"><a href="/genetics/research-groups/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-12615" > Research Groups </a><ul><li class="sub "><a href="/genetics/neandertals-and-more/overview/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-232" > Neandertals and More (Svante Pääbo) </a><ul><li class=""><a href="/genetics/neandertals-and-more/overview/" class="nav-link nav-item-972" > Overview </a></li><li class=""><a href="/genetics/neandertals-and-more/publications/" class="nav-link nav-item-982" > Publications </a></li><li class=""><a href="/genetics/neandertals-and-more/group-staff/" class="nav-link nav-item-992" > Group Staff </a></li></ul></li><li class="sub"><a href="/genetics/advanced-dna-sequencing-techniques/overview/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-3192" > Advanced DNA Sequencing Techniques (Matthias Meyer) </a><ul><li class=""><a href="/genetics/advanced-dna-sequencing-techniques/overview/" class="nav-link nav-item-3202" > Overview </a></li><li class=""><a href="/genetics/advanced-dna-sequencing-techniques/group-staff/" class="nav-link nav-item-3212" > Group Staff </a></li><li class=""><a href="/genetics/advanced-dna-sequencing-techniques/publications/" class="nav-link nav-item-3222" > Publications </a></li></ul></li><li class="sub"><a href="/genetics/computational-ancient-genomics/research/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-262" > Computational Ancient Genomics (Janet Kelso) </a><ul><li class=""><a href="/genetics/computational-ancient-genomics/research/" class="nav-link nav-item-2992" > Research </a></li><li class=""><a href="/genetics/computational-ancient-genomics/people/" class="nav-link nav-item-3002" > People </a></li><li class=""><a href="/genetics/computational-ancient-genomics/publications/" class="nav-link nav-item-3012" > Publications </a></li><li class=""><a href="http://bioinf.eva.mpg.de/" class="nav-link nav-item-3032" target="_blank"> Software </a></li><li class=""><a href="/genetics/computational-ancient-genomics/jobs/" class="nav-link nav-item-3042" > Jobs </a></li><li class=""><a href="/genetics/computational-ancient-genomics/contact/" class="nav-link nav-item-3052" > Contact </a></li></ul></li><li class="sub"><a href="/genetics/genetic-diversity-through-space-and-time/overview/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-10442" > Genetic Diversity through Space and Time (Ben Peter) </a><ul><li class=""><a href="/genetics/genetic-diversity-through-space-and-time/overview/" class="nav-link nav-item-10454" > Overview </a></li><li class=""><a href="/genetics/genetic-diversity-through-space-and-time/publications/" class="nav-link nav-item-10444" > Publications </a></li><li class=""><a href="/genetics/genetic-diversity-through-space-and-time/group-staff/" class="nav-link nav-item-10448" > Group Staff </a></li><li class=""><a href="/genetics/genetic-diversity-through-space-and-time/contact/" class="nav-link nav-item-10458" > Contact </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/genetics/research-groups/genome-engineering-and-repair/" class="nav-link nav-item-13368" > Genome Engineering and Repair (Stephan Riesenberg) </a></li><li class="sub"><a href="/genetics/ancient-environmental-genomics/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-12935" > Max Planck Research Group for Ancient Environmental Genomics (Benjamin Vernot) </a><ul><li class=" "><a href="/genetics/ancient-environmental-genomics/overview/" class="nav-link nav-item-12985" > Overview </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/genetics/hominin-palaeogenomics/" class="nav-link nav-item-13652" > Max Planck Research Group for Hominin Palaeogenomics (Mateja Hajdinjak) </a></li></ul></li><li class="sub"><a href="/genetics/genome-projects/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-3232" > Genome Projects </a><ul><li class="sub "><a href="/genetics/genome-projects/neandertal/draft-neandertal-genome/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-2812" > Draft Neandertal Genome </a><ul><li class=""><a href="/genetics/genome-projects/neandertal/draft-neandertal-genome/about/" class="nav-link nav-item-2822" > About </a></li><li class=""><a href="/genetics/genome-projects/neandertal/draft-neandertal-genome/data/" class="nav-link nav-item-2832" > Data </a></li><li class=""><a href="/genetics/genome-projects/neandertal/draft-neandertal-genome/publications/" class="nav-link nav-item-2842" > Publications </a></li><li class=""><a href="/genetics/genome-projects/neandertal/draft-neandertal-genome/press/" class="nav-link nav-item-2852" > Press </a></li><li class=""><a href="/genetics/genome-projects/neandertal/draft-neandertal-genome/jobs/" class="nav-link nav-item-2862" > Jobs </a></li><li class=""><a href="/genetics/genome-projects/neandertal/draft-neandertal-genome/funders/" class="nav-link nav-item-2872" > Funders </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/genetics/genome-projects/neandertal/" class="nav-link nav-item-2792" > Altai Neandertal Genome </a></li><li class=""><a href="/genetics/genome-projects/chagyrskaya-neandertal/" class="nav-link nav-item-10779" > Chagyrskaya Neandertal Genome </a></li><li class=""><a href="/genetics/genome-projects/denisova/" class="nav-link nav-item-1682" > Denisovan Genome </a></li><li class=""><a href="/genetics/genome-projects/bonobo-genome/" class="nav-link nav-item-1722" > Bonobo Genome </a></li></ul></li><li class="sub"><a href="/genetics/staff/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-382" > Staff </a><ul><li class=""><a href="/genetics/staff/aximu-ayinuer/" class="nav-link nav-item-13334" > Aximu Ayinuer-Petri </a></li><li class=""><a href="/genetics/staff/benjamin-peter/" class="nav-link nav-item-10432" > Benjamin Peter </a></li><li class=""><a href="/genetics/staff/claudia-bavero/" class="nav-link nav-item-6722" > Claudia Bavero </a></li><li class=""><a href="/genetics/staff/divyaratan-popli/" class="nav-link nav-item-13432" > Divyaratan Popli </a></li><li class=""><a href="/genetics/staff/janet-kelso/" class="nav-link nav-item-10528" > Janet Kelso </a></li><li class=""><a href="/genetics/staff/leonardo-arias-alvis/" class="nav-link nav-item-11388" > Leonardo Arias Alvis </a></li><li class=""><a href="/genetics/staff/leonardo-iasi/" class="nav-link nav-item-11130" > Leonardo Iasi </a></li><li class=""><a href="/genetics/staff/louisa-jauregui/" class="nav-link nav-item-13474" > Louisa Jauregui </a></li><li class=""><a 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href="/ecology/fieldwork/benin/" class="nav-link nav-item-13390" > Benin </a></li><li class=""><a href="/ecology/fieldwork/great-tailed-grackles/" class="nav-link nav-item-10384" > Great-tailed grackles </a></li><li class=""><a href="/ecology/fieldwork/hadza-foragers/" class="nav-link nav-item-10330" > Hadza Foragers </a></li><li class=""><a href="/ecology/fieldwork/matsigenka-and-colonos/" class="nav-link nav-item-10408" > Matsigenka and Colonos </a></li><li class=""><a href="/ecology/fieldwork/mayangna-and-miskito/" class="nav-link nav-item-10398" > Mayangna and Miskito </a></li><li class=""><a href="/ecology/fieldwork/pemba/" class="nav-link nav-item-10518" > Pemba </a></li><li class=""><a href="/ecology/fieldwork/interculturales-and-moseten/" class="nav-link nav-item-10334" > Interculturales and Mosetén </a></li><li class=""><a href="/ecology/fieldwork/punan/" class="nav-link nav-item-13386" > Punan </a></li><li class=""><a href="/ecology/fieldwork/rural-colombia/" class="nav-link 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class="nav-link nav-item-8156" > Jessica Fiegert </a></li><li class=""><a href="/ecology/staff/joanna-zyrek/" class="nav-link nav-item-13554" > Joanna Zyrek </a></li><li class=""><a href="/ecology/staff/john-bunce/" class="nav-link nav-item-9251" > John Bunce </a></li><li class=""><a href="/ecology/staff/julia-cissewski/" class="nav-link nav-item-8678" > Julia Cissewski </a></li><li class=""><a href="/ecology/staff/karl-frost/" class="nav-link nav-item-10727" > Karl Frost </a></li><li class=""><a href="/ecology/staff/katja-rosenthal/" class="nav-link nav-item-13616" > Katja Rosenthal </a></li><li class=""><a href="/ecology/staff/kristin-hagel/" class="nav-link nav-item-10799" > Kristin Hagel </a></li><li class=""><a href="/ecology/staff/laurel-fogarty/" class="nav-link nav-item-10902" > Laurel Fogarty </a></li><li class=""><a href="/ecology/staff/lisa-bornkessel/" class="nav-link nav-item-13640" > Lisa Bornkeßel </a></li><li class=""><a href="/ecology/staff/madeleine-ammar/" 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target="_self"> Human Origins </a><ul><li class=""><a href="/human-origins/index/" class="nav-link nav-item-13236" > Home </a></li><li class="sub"><a href="/human-origins/research-groups/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-13586" > Research groups </a><ul><li class=""><a href="/human-origins/research-groups/cranial-evolution-and-development/" class="nav-link nav-item-13588" > Cranial Evolution and Development </a></li><li class=""><a href="/human-origins/research-groups/stone-tool-origins/" class="nav-link nav-item-13590" > Stone Tool Origins </a></li><li class=""><a href="/human-origins/research-groups/ape-and-human-biomechanics/" class="nav-link nav-item-13592" > Ape and Human Biomechanics </a></li><li class=""><a href="/human-origins/research-groups/postcranial-functional-morphology/" class="nav-link nav-item-13594" > Postcranial Functional Morphology </a></li><li class=""><a href="/human-origins/research-groups/dental-evolution-and-development/" class="nav-link nav-item-13596" > Dental 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class="nav-link nav-item-13701" > Pauline Fänder </a></li><li class=""><a href="/human-origins/staff/gunz/" class="nav-link nav-item-9636" > Philipp Gunz </a></li><li class=""><a href="/human-origins/staff/rhianna-drummond-clarke/" class="nav-link nav-item-13288" > Rhianna Drummond-Clarke </a></li><li class=""><a href="/human-origins/staff/mcpherro/" class="nav-link nav-item-9672" > Shannon McPherron </a></li><li class=""><a href="/human-origins/staff/streiber/" class="nav-link nav-item-9589" > Silke Streiber </a></li><li class=""><a href="/human-origins/staff/steffi-hesse/" class="nav-link nav-item-9772" > Steffi Hesse </a></li><li class=""><a href="/human-origins/staff/sven-steinbrenner/" class="nav-link nav-item-9788" > Sven Steinbrenner </a></li><li class=""><a href="/human-origins/staff/thomas-davies/" class="nav-link nav-item-13426" > Thomas Davies </a></li><li class=""><a href="/human-origins/staff/tilahun-asefa-abrha/" class="nav-link nav-item-13480" > Tilahun Asefa Abrha 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Linguistic and Cultural Evolution </a><ul><li class=""><a href="/linguistic-and-cultural-evolution/index/" class="nav-link nav-item-11671" > Home </a></li><li class="sub"><a href="/linguistic-and-cultural-evolution/research/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-12923" > Research </a><ul><li class=""><a href="/linguistic-and-cultural-evolution/research/calc/" class="nav-link nav-item-13058" > CALC </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistic-and-cultural-evolution/research/cool/" class="nav-link nav-item-12701" > CoOL </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistic-and-cultural-evolution/research/crowcog/" class="nav-link nav-item-13270" > CrowCoG </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistic-and-cultural-evolution/research/d-place/" class="nav-link nav-item-13308" > D-PLACE </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistic-and-cultural-evolution/research/ie-cor/" class="nav-link nav-item-12925" > IE-CoR </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistic-and-cultural-evolution/research/gelato/" class="nav-link 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href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/documentation-and-description/a-grammar-of-yakkha/" class="nav-link nav-item-8425" > A Grammar of Yakkha </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/documentation-and-description/a-grammar-of-yeri/" class="nav-link nav-item-8421" > A Grammar of Yeri </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/documentation-and-description/an-acoustically-based-phonology-and-morphophonology-of-siwi-berber/" class="nav-link nav-item-8267" > An Acoustically-based Phonology and Morphophonology of Siwi (Berber) </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/documentation-and-description/an-atlas-of-the-araxes-iran-linguistic-area/" class="nav-link nav-item-8427" > An Atlas of the Araxes-Iran Linguistic Area </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/documentation-and-description/animacy-and-mythology-in-hantxa-kuin-cashinahua/" class="nav-link nav-item-8285" > Animacy and 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href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/documentation-and-description/documentation-of-the-languages-of-the-lower-fungom-region-of-northwest-cameroon/" class="nav-link nav-item-8764" > Documentation of the Languages of the Lower Fungom Region of Northwest Cameroon </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/documentation-and-description/documentation-of-the-phonetic-structures-of-onya-darat/" class="nav-link nav-item-8744" > Documentation of the Phonetic Structures of Onya-Darat </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/documentation-and-description/documentation-of-tlapanec/" class="nav-link nav-item-8413" > Documentation of Tlapanec </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/documentation-and-description/electronic-grammaticography/" class="nav-link nav-item-8221" > Electronic Grammaticography </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/documentation-and-description/endangered-moluccan-languages-eastern-indonesia-the-dutch-diaspora/" class="nav-link nav-item-8265" > Endangered Moluccan Languages: Eastern Indonesia & the Dutch Diaspora </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/documentation-and-description/inheritance-and-contact-in-a-language-complex-the-case-of-taa-varieties-tuu-family/" class="nav-link nav-item-8411" > Inheritance and Contact in a Language Complex: the Case of Taa Varieties (Tuu Family) </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/documentation-and-description/jamaican-lexicography-project-jamlex/" class="nav-link nav-item-8247" > Jamaican Lexicography Project (Jamlex) </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/documentation-and-description/language-contact-in-indonesia/" class="nav-link nav-item-8409" > Language Contact in Indonesia </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/documentation-and-description/linguistic-field-work-in-riau-province-indonesia/" class="nav-link nav-item-8405" > Linguistic Field Work in Riau Province, Indonesia </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/documentation-and-description/northwest-iranian-project/" class="nav-link nav-item-8251" > Northwest Iranian Project </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/documentation-and-description/the-javanese-dialect-mapping-project/" class="nav-link nav-item-8403" > The Javanese Dialect Mapping Project </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/documentation-and-description/the-kalahari-basin-area-a-sprachbund-on-the-verge-of-extinction/" class="nav-link nav-item-8401" > The Kalahari Basin Area: a 'Sprachbund' on the Verge of Extinction </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/documentation-and-description/traditional-jambi-malay/" class="nav-link nav-item-8263" > Traditional Jambi Malay </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/documentation-and-description/yurok-language-project/" class="nav-link nav-item-8243" > Yurok Language Project </a></li></ul></li><li class="sub"><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/typological-surveys/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-8373" > Typological Surveys </a><ul><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/typological-surveys/atlas-of-pidgin-and-creole-language-structures-apics/" class="nav-link nav-item-8391" > Atlas of Pidgin and Creole Language Structures (APiCS) </a></li><li class=""><a href="http://www.eva.mpg.de/lingua/valency/index.php" class="nav-link nav-item-8389" target="_blank"> The Leipzig Valency Classes Project </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/typological-surveys/figurative-language-cross-linguistic-cross-cultural-and-cognitive-aspects/" class="nav-link nav-item-8387" > Figurative Language: Cross-Linguistic, Cross-Cultural and Cognitive Aspects </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/typological-surveys/morphological-borrowing/" class="nav-link nav-item-8385" > Morphological Borrowing </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/typological-surveys/the-relative-frequencies-of-nouns-pronouns-and-verbs-cross-linguistically/" class="nav-link nav-item-8383" > The relative frequencies of nouns, pronouns, and verbs cross-linguistically </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/typological-surveys/glottolog/" class="nav-link nav-item-8381" > Glottolog </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/typological-surveys/electronic-grammaticography/" class="nav-link nav-item-8379" > Electronic Grammaticography </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/typological-surveys/relative-clauses-and-noun-modifying-clauses/" class="nav-link nav-item-8377" > Relative clauses and Noun-modifying clauses </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/typological-surveys/cross-linguistic-linked-data-clld/" class="nav-link nav-item-8375" > Cross-Linguistic Linked Data (CLLD) </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/typological-surveys/cross-linguistic-aspects-of-the-structure-of-the-nominal-lexicon/" class="nav-link nav-item-8279" > Cross-linguistic aspects of the structure of the nominal lexicon </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/typological-surveys/the-acquisition-of-subjects-in-english-russian-and-polish/" class="nav-link nav-item-8277" > The Acquisition of Subjects in English, Russian and Polish </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/typological-surveys/comparison-of-the-communicative-environment-of-young-language-learning-children-in-two-cultures/" class="nav-link nav-item-8548" > Comparison of the communicative environment of young language-learning children in two cultures </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/typological-surveys/marked-nominativeabsolutive-case-systems/" class="nav-link nav-item-8271" > Marked Nominative/Absolutive Case Systems </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/typological-surveys/language-and-thought-universality-and-relativism/" class="nav-link nav-item-8261" > Language and Thought: Universality and Relativism </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/typological-surveys/loanword-typology-comparative-study-of-lexical-borrowability/" class="nav-link nav-item-8257" > Loanword Typology: Comparative Study of Lexical Borrowability </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/typological-surveys/the-world-atlas-of-language-structures-wals/" class="nav-link nav-item-8233" > The World Atlas of Language Structures - WALS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/typological-surveys/typology-of-content-interrogatives/" class="nav-link nav-item-8231" > Typology of Content Interrogatives </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/typological-surveys/bilingual-child-language-acquisition/" class="nav-link nav-item-8566" > Bilingual Child Language Acquisition </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/typological-surveys/ditransitive-constructions-in-the-worlds-languages/" class="nav-link nav-item-8219" > Ditransitive constructions in the world's languages </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/typological-surveys/the-internal-structure-of-person-portmanteaus/" class="nav-link nav-item-8217" > The internal structure of person portmanteaus </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/typological-surveys/the-linguistic-typology-of-templates/" class="nav-link nav-item-8762" > The linguistic typology of templates </a></li></ul></li><li class="sub"><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/language-history/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-8351" > Language History </a><ul><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/language-history/computational-and-quantitative-methods-in-historical-linguistics/" class="nav-link nav-item-8371" > Computational and quantitative methods in historical linguistics </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/language-history/inheritance-and-contact-in-a-language-complex-the-case-of-taa-varieties-tuu-family/" class="nav-link nav-item-8369" > Inheritance and contact in a language complex: the case of Taa varieties (Tuu family) </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/language-history/intercontinental-dictionary-series-ids/" class="nav-link nav-item-8367" > Intercontinental Dictionary Series (IDS) </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/language-history/language-relatedness-and-divergence-quantitative-and-phylogenetic-approaches/" class="nav-link nav-item-8363" > Language Relatedness and Divergence: Quantitative and Phylogenetic Approaches </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/language-history/re-evaluation-of-the-witotoanboran-familyies/" class="nav-link nav-item-8361" > Re-evaluation of the Witotoan/Boran family/ies </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/language-history/sound-comparisons-new-tools-and-resources-for-exploring-language-family-diversity-on-the-web/" class="nav-link nav-item-8359" > 'Sound Comparisons': New Tools and Resources for Exploring Language Family Diversity on the Web </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/language-history/sounds-of-the-andean-languages/" class="nav-link nav-item-8357" > Sounds of the Andean Languages </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/language-history/the-kalahari-basin-area-a-sprachbund-on-the-verge-of-extinction/" class="nav-link nav-item-8355" > The Kalahari Basin area: a 'Sprachbund' on the verge of extinction </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/language-history/towards-a-cross-disciplinary-prehistory-converging-perspectives-from-language-archaeology-and-genes/" class="nav-link nav-item-8353" > Towards a Cross-Disciplinary Prehistory: Converging Perspectives from Language, Archaeology and Genes </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/language-history/advances-in-evolutionary-phonology/" class="nav-link nav-item-8289" > Advances in Evolutionary Phonology </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/language-history/language-areality-in-ancient-eurasia/" class="nav-link nav-item-8287" > Language Areality in Ancient Eurasia </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/language-history/correlating-genes-and-languages/" class="nav-link nav-item-8281" > Correlating Genes and Languages </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/language-history/loanword-typology-comparative-study-of-lexical-borrowability/" class="nav-link nav-item-8558" > Loanword Typology: Comparative Study of Lexical Borrowability </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/language-history/quantitative-approaches-to-lexical-comparison/" class="nav-link nav-item-8255" > Quantitative approaches to lexical comparison </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/language-history/maya-writing-and-historical-linguistics/" class="nav-link nav-item-8235" > Maya writing and historical linguistics </a></li></ul></li><li class="sub"><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/language-contact/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-8331" > Language Contact </a><ul><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/language-contact/language-contact-in-indonesia/" class="nav-link nav-item-8349" > Language Contact in Indonesia </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/language-contact/atlas-of-pidgin-and-creole-language-structures-apics/" class="nav-link nav-item-8347" > Atlas of Pidgin and Creole Language Structures (APiCS) </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/language-contact/morphological-borrowing/" class="nav-link nav-item-8345" > Morphological Borrowing </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/language-contact/re-evaluation-of-the-witotoanboran-familyies/" class="nav-link nav-item-8343" > Re-evaluation of the Witotoan/Boran family/ies </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/language-contact/the-kalahari-basin-area-a-sprachbund-on-the-verge-of-extinction/" class="nav-link nav-item-8339" > The Kalahari Basin area: a 'Sprachbund' on the verge of extinction </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/language-contact/inheritance-and-contact-in-a-language-complex-the-case-of-taa-varieties-tuu-family/" class="nav-link nav-item-8337" > Inheritance and contact in a language complex: the case of Taa varieties (Tuu family) </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/language-contact/documentation-of-naqriaxe-with-a-focus-on-contact-influence/" class="nav-link nav-item-8333" > Documentation of N!aqriaxe with a focus on contact influence </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/language-contact/language-areality-in-ancient-eurasia/" class="nav-link nav-item-8546" > Language Areality in Ancient Eurasia </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/language-contact/loanword-typology-comparative-study-of-lexical-borrowability/" class="nav-link nav-item-8560" > Loanword Typology: Comparative Study of Lexical Borrowability </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/language-contact/the-african-lexis-in-jamaican-creole-and-its-historical-significance/" class="nav-link nav-item-8249" > The African Lexis in Jamaican Creole and Its Historical Significance </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/language-contact/language-contact-in-sri-lanka/" class="nav-link nav-item-8223" > Language Contact in Sri Lanka </a></li></ul></li><li class="sub"><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/phonetics-and-phonology/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-8313" > Phonetics and Phonology </a><ul><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/phonetics-and-phonology/sound-comparisons-new-tools-and-resources-for-exploring-language-family-diversity-on-the-web/" class="nav-link nav-item-8329" > 'Sound Comparisons': New Tools and Resources for Exploring Language Family Diversity on the Web </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/phonetics-and-phonology/sounds-of-the-andean-languages/" class="nav-link nav-item-8327" > Sounds of the Andean Languages </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/phonetics-and-phonology/interactions-across-time-scales-in-speech-perception/" class="nav-link nav-item-8325" > Interactions across time scales in speech perception </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/phonetics-and-phonology/laryngealization-characterization-and-interaction-with-other-features/" class="nav-link nav-item-8323" > Laryngealization: characterization and interaction with other features </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/phonetics-and-phonology/modeling-speech-dynamics-trough-recurrences/" class="nav-link nav-item-8321" > Modeling speech dynamics trough recurrences </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/phonetics-and-phonology/phonetic-constraints-on-lexical-items/" class="nav-link nav-item-8319" > Phonetic constraints on lexical items </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/phonetics-and-phonology/statistical-modeling-of-trajectories-and-shapes-applied-to-speech/" class="nav-link nav-item-8317" > Statistical modeling of trajectories and shapes applied to speech </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/phonetics-and-phonology/phonetic-and-phonological-description-of-even-dialects-with-a-focus-on-acoustic-vowel-properties-and-vowel-harmony/" class="nav-link nav-item-8315" > Phonetic and phonological description of Even dialects (with a focus on acoustic vowel properties and vowel harmony) </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/phonetics-and-phonology/advances-in-evolutionary-phonology/" class="nav-link nav-item-8544" > Advances in Evolutionary Phonology </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/phonetics-and-phonology/an-acoustically-based-phonology-and-morphophonology-of-siwi-berber/" class="nav-link nav-item-8550" > An Acoustically-based Phonology and Morphophonology of Siwi (Berber) </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/phonetics-and-phonology/the-phonology-of-jakarta-indonesian/" class="nav-link nav-item-8237" > The Phonology of Jakarta Indonesian </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/phonetics-and-phonology/documentation-of-the-phonetic-structures-of-onya-darat/" class="nav-link nav-item-8746" > Documentation of the phonetic structures of Onya-Darat </a></li></ul></li><li class="sub"><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/jakarta-field-station/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-8291" > Jakarta Field Station </a><ul><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/jakarta-field-station/the-mpi-eva-jakarta-field-station/" class="nav-link nav-item-8311" > The MPI EVA Jakarta Field Station </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/jakarta-field-station/documentation-of-betawi/" class="nav-link nav-item-8309" > Documentation of Betawi </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/jakarta-field-station/bilingual-child-language-acquisition/" class="nav-link nav-item-8305" > Bilingual Child Language Acquisition </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/jakarta-field-station/figurative-language-cross-linguistic-cross-cultural-and-cognitive-aspects/" class="nav-link nav-item-8303" > Figurative Language: Cross-Linguistic, Cross-Cultural and Cognitive Aspects </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/jakarta-field-station/the-javanese-dialect-mapping-project/" class="nav-link nav-item-8301" > The Javanese Dialect Mapping Project </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/jakarta-field-station/documentation-of-kenyah/" class="nav-link nav-item-8299" > Documentation of Kenyah </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/jakarta-field-station/language-contact-in-indonesia/" class="nav-link nav-item-8297" > Language Contact in Indonesia </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/jakarta-field-station/linguistic-field-work-in-riau-province-indonesia/" class="nav-link nav-item-8295" > Linguistic Field Work in Riau Province, Indonesia </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/jakarta-field-station/documentation-of-ternate-malay/" class="nav-link nav-item-8293" > Documentation of Ternate Malay </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/jakarta-field-station/endangered-moluccan-languages-eastern-indonesia-the-dutch-diaspora/" class="nav-link nav-item-8552" > Endangered Moluccan Languages: Eastern Indonesia & the Dutch diaspora </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/jakarta-field-station/traditional-jambi-malay/" class="nav-link nav-item-8554" > Traditional Jambi Malay </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/jakarta-field-station/language-and-thought-universality-and-relativism/" class="nav-link nav-item-8556" > Language and Thought: Universality and Relativism </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/jakarta-field-station/acquisition-of-jakarta-indonesian/" class="nav-link nav-item-8259" > Acquisition of Jakarta Indonesian </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/jakarta-field-station/the-phonology-of-jakarta-indonesian/" class="nav-link nav-item-8564" > The Phonology of Jakarta Indonesian </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/jakarta-field-station/the-acquisition-of-passive-voice-in-english-and-indonesian/" class="nav-link nav-item-8229" > The Acquisition of Passive Voice in English and Indonesian </a></li></ul></li><li class="sub "><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/resources/" class="nav-link sub nav-item-8431" > Resources </a><ul><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/resources/world-atlas-of-language-structures-wals/" class="nav-link nav-item-8457" > World Atlas of Language Structures (WALS) </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/resources/world-loanword-database/" class="nav-link nav-item-8455" > World Loanword Database </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/resources/the-intercontinental-dictionary-series/" class="nav-link nav-item-8453" > The Intercontinental Dictionary Series </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/resources/glottolog/" class="nav-link nav-item-8451" > Glottolog </a></li><li class=""><a href="http://www.eva.mpg.de/lingua/resources/glossing-rules.php" class="nav-link nav-item-8445" target="_blank"> Leipzig Glossing Rules </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/resources/generic-style-rules/" class="nav-link nav-item-8582" > Generic Style Rules </a></li><li class=""><a href="http://www.eva.mpg.de/lingua/tools-at-lingboard/tools.php" class="nav-link nav-item-8443" target="_blank"> Typological tools for field linguistics </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/resources/leipzig-endangered-languages-archive-lela/" class="nav-link nav-item-8441" > Leipzig Endangered Languages Archive (LELA) </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/resources/phonetics-lab/" class="nav-link nav-item-8439" > Phonetics Lab </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/resources/library/" class="nav-link nav-item-8437" > Library </a></li><li class=""><a href="/linguistics/past-research-resources/resources/ethics-guidelines/" class="nav-link nav-item-8435" > Ethics Guidelines </a></li><li class=""><a 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A Grammar of Bezhta - Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology