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id="toc-Distinctive_features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_Fertile_Crescent" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Fertile_Crescent"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>The Fertile Crescent</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Fertile_Crescent-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mesolithic_people_in_Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mesolithic_people_in_Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Mesolithic people in Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mesolithic_people_in_Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Burial_of_Thèviec_–_Museum_of_Toulouse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Burial_of_Thèviec_–_Museum_of_Toulouse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Burial of Thèviec – Museum of Toulouse</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Burial_of_Thèviec_–_Museum_of_Toulouse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_websites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_websites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Other websites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_websites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mesolithic</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 94 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-94" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">94 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesolitikum" title="Mesolitikum – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Mesolitikum" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%AD%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D9%85%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7" title="عصر حجري متوسط – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عصر حجري متوسط" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesol%C3%ADticu" title="Mesolíticu – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Mesolíticu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezolit_d%C3%B6vr%C3%BC" title="Mezolit dövrü – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mezolit dövrü" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="مزولیتیک – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="مزولیتیک" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%97" title="মধ্য প্রস্তর যুগ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মধ্য প্রস্তর যুগ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiong-chio%CC%8Dh-kh%C3%AC_s%C3%AE-t%C4%81i" title="Tiong-chio̍h-khì sî-tāi – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tiong-chio̍h-khì sî-tāi" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Мезолит – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Мезолит" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82" title="Мезаліт – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мезаліт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82" title="Мэзаліт – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мэзаліт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesolitiko" title="Mesolitiko – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Mesolitiko" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%B0" title="Среднокаменна епоха – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Среднокаменна епоха" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezolit" title="Mezolit – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Mezolit" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krennoadvezh_ar_maen" title="Krennoadvezh ar maen – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Krennoadvezh ar maen" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesol%C3%ADtic" title="Mesolític – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mesolític" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Мезолит – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Мезолит" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezolit" title="Mezolit – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mezolit" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oes_Ganol_y_Cerrig" title="Oes Ganol y Cerrig – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Oes Ganol y Cerrig" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%86ldre_stenalder" title="Ældre stenalder – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ældre stenalder" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mittelsteinzeit" title="Mittelsteinzeit – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mittelsteinzeit" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesoliitikum" title="Mesoliitikum – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Mesoliitikum" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%B8%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%BF%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Μεσολιθική περίοδος – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μεσολιθική περίοδος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesolithic" title="Mesolithic – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Mesolithic" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesol%C3%ADtico" title="Mesolítico – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mesolítico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezolitiko" title="Mezolitiko – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Mezolitiko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesolitoa" title="Mesolitoa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mesolitoa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%D9%86%DA%AF%DB%8C" title="میان‌سنگی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="میان‌سنگی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9solithique" title="Mésolithique – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mésolithique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesolitikum" title="Mesolitikum – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Mesolitikum" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9isiliteach" title="Méisiliteach – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Méisiliteach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linn_Mheadhanach_na_Cloiche" title="Linn Mheadhanach na Cloiche – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Linn Mheadhanach na Cloiche" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesol%C3%ADtico" title="Mesolítico – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Mesolítico" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EC%84%9D%EA%B8%B0_%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80" title="중석기 시대 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="중석기 시대" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%AB%D5%BB%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D6%84%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AB_%D5%A4%D5%A1%D6%80" title="Միջին քարի դար – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Միջին քարի դար" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2" title="मध्यपाषाण काल – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मध्यपाषाण काल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srednje_kameno_doba" title="Srednje kameno doba – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Srednje kameno doba" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezolitiko" title="Mezolitiko – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Mezolitiko" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesolitikum" title="Mesolitikum – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mesolitikum" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mi%C3%B0stein%C3%B6ld" title="Miðsteinöld – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Miðsteinöld" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesolitico" title="Mesolitico – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mesolitico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%96%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%AA" title="התקופה המזוליתית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="התקופה המזוליתית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesolitikum" title="Mesolitikum – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Mesolitikum" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%96%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="მეზოლითი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მეზოლითი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Мезолит – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мезолит" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezol%C3%AEt%C3%AEk" title="Mezolîtîk – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Mezolîtîk" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Мезолит – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Мезолит" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesolitich" title="Mesolitich – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Mesolitich" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesolithicum" title="Mesolithicum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Mesolithicum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezol%C4%ABts" title="Mezolīts – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mezolīts" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%ABttelsteenz%C3%A4it" title="Mëttelsteenzäit – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Mëttelsteenzäit" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezolitas" title="Mezolitas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Mezolitas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesolitica" title="Mesolitica – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Mesolitica" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6z%C3%A9ps%C5%91_k%C5%91korszak" title="Középső kőkorszak – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Középső kőkorszak" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Средно камено време – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Средно камено време" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%96%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="მეზოლითი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მეზოლითი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaman_Mesolitik" title="Zaman Mesolitik – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Zaman Mesolitik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Мезолит – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Мезолит" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesolithicum" title="Mesolithicum – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mesolithicum" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2" title="मध्यपाषाण काल – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="मध्यपाषाण काल" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E7%9F%B3%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3" title="中石器時代 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="中石器時代" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madelstiantidj" title="Madelstiantidj – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Madelstiantidj" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesolitikum" title="Mesolitikum – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mesolitikum" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mellomsteinalderen" title="Mellomsteinalderen – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Mellomsteinalderen" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesolitic" title="Mesolitic – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Mesolitic" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezolit" title="Mezolit – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mezolit" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%DA%89%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%88_%D9%85%D9%86%DA%81%D9%86%DB%8D_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87" title="د ډبرو منځنۍ دوره – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د ډبرو منځنۍ دوره" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezolit" title="Mezolit – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mezolit" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesol%C3%ADtico" title="Mesolítico – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mesolítico" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezolitic" title="Mezolitic – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Mezolitic" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Мезолит – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мезолит" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesol%C3%ACticu" title="Mesolìticu – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Mesolìticu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezoliti" title="Mezoliti – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mezoliti" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezolit" title="Mezolit – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Mezolit" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezolitik" title="Mezolitik – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Mezolitik" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Мезолит – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мезолит" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezolit" title="Mezolit – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mezolit" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesolitikum" title="Mesolitikum – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Mesolitikum" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesoliittinen_kausi" title="Mesoliittinen kausi – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mesoliittinen kausi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesolitikum" title="Mesolitikum – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mesolitikum" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesolitiko" title="Mesolitiko – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Mesolitiko" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="இடைக் கற்காலம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இடைக் கற்காலம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Мезолит – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Мезолит" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%A7%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF_%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82" title="మధ్య రాతియుగం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="మధ్య రాతియుగం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87_(%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2)" title="ยุคหินกลาง (ยูเรเชีย) – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ยุคหินกลาง (ยูเรเชีย)" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Мезолит – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Мезолит" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orta_Ta%C5%9F_%C3%87a%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Orta Taş Çağı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Orta Taş Çağı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82" title="Мезоліт – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мезоліт" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%86%DA%AF%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1" title="درمیانی سنگی دور – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="درمیانی سنگی دور" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BB%9Di_%C4%91%E1%BA%A1i_%C4%91%E1%BB%93_%C4%91%C3%A1_gi%E1%BB%AFa" title="Thời đại đồ đá giữa – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thời đại đồ đá giữa" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesolithicum" title="Mesolithicum – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Mesolithicum" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesolitiko" title="Mesolitiko – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Mesolitiko" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E7%9F%B3%E5%99%A8%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3" title="中石器时代 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="中石器时代" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E7%9F%B3%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3" title="中石器時代 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="中石器時代" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E7%9F%B3%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3" title="中石器時代 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="中石器時代" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q44155#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Change links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mesolithic" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Page</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" 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period in the development of <a href="/wiki/Human" title="Human">human</a> <a href="/wiki/Technology" title="Technology">technology</a> between the <a href="/wiki/Paleolithic" class="mw-redirect" title="Paleolithic">Paleolithic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a> periods of the <a href="/wiki/Stone_Age" title="Stone Age">Stone Age</a>. </p><p>In the Palaeolithic, people were pure <a href="/wiki/Hunter-gatherer" title="Hunter-gatherer">hunter-gatherers</a>. In the Neolithic they were <a href="/wiki/Farmer" title="Farmer">farmers</a> in settlements with <a href="/wiki/Domesticate" class="mw-redirect" title="Domesticate">domesticated</a> animals and <a href="/wiki/Wheat" title="Wheat">wheat</a>, with over 100 kinds of tools and with <a href="/wiki/Pottery" title="Pottery">pottery</a>. The Mesolithic was a <a href="https://simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/transition" class="extiw" title="wikt:transition">transitional</a> period between the two. It happened at different times in different places. Mesolithic tools are small tools produced by chipping, and are hunter-gatherer tools, often arrowheads and points. Neolithic tools are often <a href="https://simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/polish" class="extiw" title="wikt:polish">polished</a> and far more varied. They are tools of more settled societies with some <a href="/wiki/Agriculture" title="Agriculture">agriculture</a>. </p><p>The term 'Mesolithic' was introduced by Hodder Westrop in 1877, though the idea had been used earlier.<sup id="cite_ref-Trigger_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Trigger-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was not much used until <a href="/wiki/Vere_Gordon_Childe" title="Vere Gordon Childe">V. Gordon Childe</a> popularized it in his book <i>The dawn of Europe</i> (1947). There is another term, 'Epipalaeolithic', which is sometimes used instead. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distinctive_features">Distinctive features</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesolithic&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Change section: Distinctive features" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesolithic&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Distinctive features"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The type of tool is the <a href="/wiki/Diagnosis" title="Diagnosis">diagnostic</a> factor. The Mesolithic featured devices made with small chipped stone tools. The Neolithic mainly abandoned this mode in favor of polished, not chipped, stone tools. </p><p>The Mesolithic culture can be set apart from that of the Palaeolithic in these ways: </p> <ol><li>the <a href="/wiki/Tool" title="Tool">tool</a> kit is more varied than Palaeolithic tools.</li> <li>the emphasis is on small, even tiny, tools rather than the larger tools used previously. These small tools are called <b>microliths</b>. The Mesolithic also saw greater use of wooden handles for tools.</li> <li>they used the <a href="/wiki/Adze" title="Adze">adze</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Carpentry" class="mw-redirect" title="Carpentry">carpentry</a> tool with a wooden handle at <a href="/wiki/Right_angle" title="Right angle">right angle</a> to the blade.</li> <li>the <a href="/wiki/Domestication" title="Domestication">domestication</a> of animals has begun.<sup id="cite_ref-DienekesAnthropology_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DienekesAnthropology-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Worldfirst_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Worldfirst-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Scott_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Scott-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Perhaps the earliest clear cultural evidence for this domestication is the first dog found buried together with human, 12,000 years ago in Palestine.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Fertile_Crescent">The Fertile Crescent</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesolithic&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Change section: The Fertile Crescent" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesolithic&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: The Fertile Crescent"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Fertile_Crescent" title="Fertile Crescent">Fertile Crescent</a> was the first part of the world to move out of the Palaeolithic. </p><p>In some areas, such as the <a href="/wiki/Near_East" title="Near East">Near East</a>, agriculture was already underway by the end of the <a href="/wiki/Pleistocene" title="Pleistocene">Pleistocene</a>, and there the Mesolithic is short. In areas with limited influence of <a href="/wiki/Ice_age" title="Ice age">ice age</a>, the term "<a href="/wiki/Epipaleolithic" class="mw-redirect" title="Epipaleolithic">Epipaleolithic</a>" is sometimes preferred. </p><p>Regions that experienced greater <a href="/wiki/Environment" title="Environment">environmental</a> effects as the last ice age ended have a much more evident Mesolithic era. This lasted millennia. In Northern <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>, societies were able to live well on rich food supplies from the <a href="/wiki/Marshland" class="mw-redirect" title="Marshland">marshlands</a>. Such conditions produced distinctive human behaviours which are <a href="https://simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/preserve" class="extiw" title="wikt:preserve">preserved</a> in characteristic finds. These conditions also <a href="https://simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/delay" class="extiw" title="wikt:delay">delayed</a> the coming of the Neolithic until as late as 4000 BC (6,000 before present) in northern Europe. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mesolithic_people_in_Europe">Mesolithic people in Europe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesolithic&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Change section: Mesolithic people in Europe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesolithic&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Mesolithic people in Europe"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Sequence_analysis" title="Sequence analysis">Genetic research</a> has been done on the <a href="/wiki/Skeleton" title="Skeleton">skeleton</a> of a 7,000-year-old man from north-west <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>. It shows he had blue eyes and a dark skin.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The analysis showed that he had ancestral <a href="/wiki/Alleles" class="mw-redirect" title="Alleles">alleles</a> in several skin pigmentation <a href="/wiki/Genes" class="mw-redirect" title="Genes">genes</a>. This means he had dark hair and brown skin. </p><p>Researchers were surprised because they thought that European populations <a href="/wiki/Evolved" class="mw-redirect" title="Evolved">evolved</a> light skin quite quickly. In lower latitudes dark skin protects from <a href="/wiki/UV" class="mw-redirect" title="UV">UV</a> rays in sunlight. In northern latitudes this is not such a problem, but the supply of vitamin D is a problem. Vitamin D is synthesised by the action of sunlight on skin. Therefore, it is an advantage in much of Europe to have a light skin. </p><p>Earlier research was done on data using 2,196 samples from 185 diverse populations. It showed that at least three ancestral groups contributed to present-day Europeans.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Burial_of_Thèviec_–_Museum_of_Toulouse"><span id="Burial_of_Th.C3.A8viec_.E2.80.93_Museum_of_Toulouse"></span>Burial of Thèviec – Museum of Toulouse</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesolithic&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Change section: Burial of Thèviec – Museum of Toulouse" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesolithic&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Burial of Thèviec – Museum of Toulouse"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <center> <ul class="gallery 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data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mesolithic" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Mesolithic"><span style="">Mesolithic</span></a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sites.google.com/site/mesolithicmiscellany/home">Mesolithic Miscellany- Newsletter and Information on the European Mesolithic</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link since October 2021">permanent dead link</span></a></i>]</span></sup></li> <li>20th Century Mesolithic Sites in Mandla (Madhya Pradesh), India, discovered by Dr. Babul Roy: <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://highland.trf.or.th/News1/SEAnews/SEAnewletter/SEAN15$.pdf">[3]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170201234219/http://highland.trf.or.th/News1/SEAnews/SEAnewletter/SEAN15$.pdf">Archived</a> 2017-02-01 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.insulators.com/clubs/bric/aug03.htm">[4]</a>, and <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.prehistory.wetpaint.com">[5]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081119024527/http://www.prehistory.wetpaint.com/">Archived</a> 2008-11-19 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iabrno.cz/agalerie/aagalery.htm">Picture Gallery of the Paleolithic (reconstructional palaeoethnology)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100218054833/http://www.iabrno.cz/agalerie/aagalery.htm">Archived</a> 2010-02-18 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Libor Balák at the Czech Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Archaeology in Brno, The Center for Paleolithic and Paleoethnological Research</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesolithic&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Change section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesolithic&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724317">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">from the <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a> "<i>mesos</i>," "middle," and "<i>lithos</i>," "stone". However, it is not right to use the term 'Middle Stone Age' here because that is used for a much earlier stage in <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">African</a> <a href="/wiki/Archaeology" title="Archaeology">archaeology</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Trigger-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Trigger_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Trigger, Bruce G. 1989. <i>A history of archaeological thought</i>. Cambridge University Press. p148</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DienekesAnthropology-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-DienekesAnthropology_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dienekes.blogspot.com/2008/10/dog-domestication-in-aurignacian-c.html">Dienekes' Anthropology Blog : Dog domestication in the Aurignacian (c. 32kyBP</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Worldfirst-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Worldfirst_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/27240370/">MSNBC : World's first dog lived 31,700 years ago, ate big</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Scott-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Scott_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Scott, John Paul & Fuller, John L. 1974. <i>Dog behavior: the genetic basis</i>. 2nd ed, University of Chicago Press. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724332">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780226743387" title="Special:BookSources/9780226743387">9780226743387</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-226-74338-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-226-74338-1">0-226-74338-1</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-226-74338-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-226-74338-7">978-0-226-74338-7</a>. p54]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">James Serpell 1995. <i>The domestic dog: its evolution, behaviour, and interactions with people</i>. Cambridge University Press. p10-12</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">SJM Davis and FR Valla 1978. <i>Evidence for domestication of the dog 12,000 years ago in the Natufian of Palestine</i>, <i>Nature</i> <b>276</b>, 608-610.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Morelle, RebeccA 2014. Hunter-gatherer European had blue eyes and dark skin. <i>BBC News</i> Science & Technology. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-25885519">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lazaridis I. <i>et al</i> 2013. Ancient human genomes suggest three ancestral populations for present-day Europeans. <i>bioRXiv</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2013/12/23/001552">[2]</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mesolithic&oldid=8914833">https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mesolithic&oldid=8914833</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Stone_Age" title="Category:Stone Age">Stone Age</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_links_to_other_websites" title="Category:All articles with dead links to other websites">All articles with dead links to other websites</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_links_to_other_websites_from_October_2021" title="Category:Articles with dead links to other websites from October 2021">Articles with dead links to other websites from October 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_links_to_other_websites" title="Category:Articles with permanently dead links to other websites">Articles with permanently dead links to other websites</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last changed on 1 July 2023, at 22:16.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_GNU_Free_Documentation_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the GNU Free Documentation License">GFDL</a>; additional terms may apply. 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