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Farooq</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Aqsa Farooq"> <meta name="keywords" content="Aqsa Farooq"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Aqsa Farooq"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 22</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Aqsa Farooq</h1> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> Metric Dimension on Line Graph of Honeycomb Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Hussain">M. Hussain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Aqsa%20Farooq"> Aqsa Farooq</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Let G = (V,E) be a connected graph and distance between any two vertices a and b in G is a−b geodesic and is denoted by d(a, b). A set of vertices W resolves a graph G if each vertex is uniquely determined by its vector of distances to the vertices in W. A metric dimension of G is the minimum cardinality of a resolving set of G. In this paper line graph of honeycomb network has been derived and then we calculated the metric dimension on line graph of honeycomb network. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Resolving%20set" title="Resolving set">Resolving set</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=metric%20dimension" title=" metric dimension"> metric dimension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=honeycomb%20network" title=" honeycomb network"> honeycomb network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=line%20graph." title=" line graph."> line graph.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010901/metric-dimension-on-line-graph-of-honeycomb-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010901/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010901/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010901/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010901/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010901/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010901/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010901/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010901/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010901/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010901/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010901.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">764</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> A Neural Network Control for Voltage Balancing in Three-Phase Electric Power System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dana%20M.%20Ragab">Dana M. Ragab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jasim%20A.%20Ghaeb"> Jasim A. Ghaeb </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The three-phase power system suffers from different challenging problems, e.g. voltage unbalance conditions at the load side. The voltage unbalance usually degrades the power quality of the electric power system. Several techniques can be considered for load balancing including load reconfiguration, static synchronous compensator and static reactive power compensator. In this work an efficient neural network is designed to control the unbalanced condition in the Aqaba-Qatrana-South Amman (AQSA) electric power system. It is designed for highly enhanced response time of the reactive compensator for voltage balancing. The neural network is developed to determine the appropriate set of firing angles required for the thyristor-controlled reactor to balance the three load voltages accurately and quickly. The parameters of AQSA power system are considered in the laboratory model, and several test cases have been conducted to test and validate the proposed technique capabilities. The results have shown a high performance of the proposed Neural Network Control (NNC) technique for correcting the voltage unbalance conditions at three-phase load based on accuracy and response time.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Three-phase%20power%20system" title="Three-phase power system">Three-phase power system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=reactive%20power%20control" title=" reactive power control"> reactive power control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=voltage%20unbalance%20factor" title=" voltage unbalance factor"> voltage unbalance factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=neural%20network" title=" neural network"> neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=power%20quality." title=" power quality. "> power quality. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010055/a-neural-network-control-for-voltage-balancing-in-three-phase-electric-power-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010055/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010055/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010055/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010055/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010055/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010055/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010055/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010055/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010055/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010055/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010055.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">995</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> Financial Ethics: A Review of 2010 Flash Crash</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Omer%20Farooq">Omer Farooq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Salman%20Ahmed%20Khan"> Salman Ahmed Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sadaf%20Khalid"> Sadaf Khalid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Modern day stock markets have almost entirely became automated. Even though it means increased profits for the investors by algorithms acting upon the slightest price change in order of microseconds, it also has given birth to many ethical dilemmas in the sense that slightest mistake can cause people to lose all of their livelihoods. This paper reviews one such event that happened on May 06, 2010 in which $1 trillion dollars disappeared from the Dow Jones Industrial Average. We are going to discuss its various aspects and the ethical dilemmas that have arisen due to it.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Flash%20Crash" title="Flash Crash">Flash Crash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Market%20Crash" title=" Market Crash"> Market Crash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Stock%20Market" title=" Stock Market"> Stock Market</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Stock%20Market%20Crash." title=" Stock Market Crash. "> Stock Market Crash. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998384/financial-ethics-a-review-of-2010-flash-crash" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998384/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998384/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998384/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998384/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998384/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998384/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998384/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998384/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998384/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998384/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998384.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1857</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> A Linear Relation for Voltage Unbalance Factor Evaluation in Three-Phase Electrical Power System Using Space Vector</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dana%20M.%20Ragab">Dana M. Ragab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jasim%20A%20Ghaeb"> Jasim A Ghaeb</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The Voltage Unbalance Factor (VUF) index is recommended to evaluate system performance under unbalanced operation. However, its calculation requires complex algebra which limits its use in the field. Furthermore, one system cycle is required at least to detect unbalance using the VUF. Ideally unbalance mitigation must be performed within 10 ms for 50 Hz systems. In this work, a linear relation for VUF evaluation in three-phase electrical power system using space vector (SV) is derived. It is proposed to determine the voltage unbalance quickly and accurately and to overcome the constraints associated with the traditional methods of VUF evaluation. Aqaba-Qatrana-South Amman (AQSA) power system is considered to study the system performance under unbalanced conditions. The results show that both the complexity of calculations and the time required to evaluate VUF are reduced significantly.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Power%20quality" title="Power quality">Power quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=space%20vector" title=" space vector"> space vector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=unbalance%20evaluation." title=" unbalance evaluation. "> unbalance evaluation. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010057/a-linear-relation-for-voltage-unbalance-factor-evaluation-in-three-phase-electrical-power-system-using-space-vector" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010057/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010057/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010057/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010057/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010057/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010057/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010057/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010057/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010057/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010057/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010057.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">942</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> Faculty Stress at Higher Education: A Study on the Business Schools of Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Aqsa%20Akbar">Aqsa Akbar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Waheed%20Akhter"> Waheed Akhter</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Job stress is one of the most important concepts for the today-s corporate as well as institutional world. The current study is conducted to identify the causes of faculty stress at Higher Education in Pakistan. For the purpose, Public & Private Business Schools of Punjab is selected as representative of Pakistan. A sample of 300 faculty members (214 males, 86 females) responded to the survey. Regression analysis shows that the Workload, Student Related issues and Role Conflicts are the major sources contributing significantly towards producing stress. The study also revealed that Private sector faculty members experienced more stress as compared to faculty in Public sector Business Schools. Moreover, females, younger ages, lower designation & low qualification faculty members experience more stress as compared to males, older ages, higher designation and high qualification. The study yield many significant results for the policy makers of Business Institutions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Faculty%20Stress" title="Faculty Stress">Faculty Stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Higher%20Education" title=" Higher Education"> Higher Education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Stress%20Coping%0AStrategies" title=" Stress Coping Strategies"> Stress Coping Strategies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Work%20Load" title=" Work Load"> Work Load</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15575/faculty-stress-at-higher-education-a-study-on-the-business-schools-of-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15575/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15575/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15575/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15575/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15575/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15575/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15575/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15575/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15575/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15575/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15575.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2730</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> A Technique for Reachability Graph Generation for the Petri Net Models of Parallel Processes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Farooq%20Ahmad">Farooq Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hejiao%20Huang"> Hejiao Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Xiaolong%20Wang"> Xiaolong Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Reachability graph (RG) generation suffers from the problem of exponential space and time complexity. To alleviate the more critical problem of time complexity, this paper presents the new approach for RG generation for the Petri net (PN) models of parallel processes. Independent RGs for each parallel process in the PN structure are generated in parallel and cross-product of these RGs turns into the exhaustive state space from which the RG of given parallel system is determined. The complexity analysis of the presented algorithm illuminates significant decrease in the time complexity cost of RG generation. The proposed technique is applicable to parallel programs having multiple threads with the synchronization problem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Parallel%20processes" title="Parallel processes">Parallel processes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Petri%20net" title=" Petri net"> Petri net</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=reachability%20graph" title=" reachability graph"> reachability graph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=time%0Acomplexity." title=" time complexity."> time complexity.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14513/a-technique-for-reachability-graph-generation-for-the-petri-net-models-of-parallel-processes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14513/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14513/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14513/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14513/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14513/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14513/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14513/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14513/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14513/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14513/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14513.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2014</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> A Detailed Review on Pin Fin Heat Sink</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Vedulla%20Manoj%20Kumar">Vedulla Manoj Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.%20Nageswara%20Rao"> B. Nageswara Rao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sk.%20Farooq"> Sk. Farooq</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Heat sinks are being considered in many advanced heat transfer applications including automotive and stationary fuel cells as well as cooling of electronic devices. However, there are innumerable fundamental issues in the fields of heat transfer and fluid mechanics perspectives which remains unresolved. The present review emphasizes on the progress of research in the ﬁeld of pin fin heat sinks, while understanding the fluid dynamics and heat transfer characteristics with a detailed and sophisticated prediction of the temperature distribution, high heat flux removal and by minimizing thermal resistance. Lot of research work carried out across the globe to address this challenge and trying to come up with an economically viable and user friendly solution. The high activities for future pin fin heat sinks research and development to meet the current issue is recorded in this article.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Heat%20sinks" title="Heat sinks">Heat sinks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=heat%20flux" title=" heat flux"> heat flux</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=thermal%20resistance" title=" thermal resistance"> thermal resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=electronic%20devices." title=" electronic devices."> electronic devices.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005650/a-detailed-review-on-pin-fin-heat-sink" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005650/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005650/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005650/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005650/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005650/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005650/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005650/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005650/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005650/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005650/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005650.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2657</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Investigation on the Fate Pesticides in Water and Sediments Iraqi Marshland</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Abdal-Kader%20Saeed%20Latif">Abdal-Kader Saeed Latif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Reyam%20Naji%20Ajmi"> Reyam Naji Ajmi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Huda%20Farooq%20Zeki"> Huda Farooq Zeki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Wathiq%20Abaas%20Hatit"> Wathiq Abaas Hatit </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>These studies have been carried out on the behavior of pesticides in aquatic environments of marshes to monitoring water and sediment. A total of 25 water and 25 sediment samples were collected at five sampling station during April, June and September. 2013 the levels of organochlorine (OCP) pesticide as a case study to find out the extent of pesticide contamination and accumulation, in water was the concentration of OCPs (0.02, 0.066, 0.7, 0.8, 0.072, 0.058) ppb. In sediment was the concentration of OCPs (5.897, 10.987, 0.089, 0.096, 7.897, and 12.389) ppb respectively in DDT, DDE, Chlordane, Heptachlor, Lindane, and Endosulfan. There is a relationship between pesticides and sediment and water with physical properties because the concentrations of pesticide in water and sediment are not always in equilibrium Furthermore, when sediments are smaller, the rate of deposition is slower. There the wetlands of pesticides due to factors of high temperature and evaporation but used in the control of pesticides in water and sediment also there still exist a variety of organochlorine pesticide residues in water and sediments of wetlands.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bioindicators" title="Bioindicators">Bioindicators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Iraqi%20marshes" title=" Iraqi marshes"> Iraqi marshes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pesticides" title=" Pesticides"> Pesticides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sediment" title=" Sediment"> Sediment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Water." title=" Water."> Water.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996821/investigation-on-the-fate-pesticides-in-water-and-sediments-iraqi-marshland" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996821/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996821/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996821/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996821/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996821/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996821/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996821/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996821/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996821/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996821/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996821.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2088</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Hand Gesture Interpretation Using Sensing Glove Integrated with Machine Learning Algorithms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Aqsa%20Ali">Aqsa Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Aleem%20Mushtaq"> Aleem Mushtaq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Attaullah%20Memon"> Attaullah Memon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Monna"> Monna</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we present a low cost design for a smart glove that can perform sign language recognition to assist the speech impaired people. Specifically, we have designed and developed an Assistive Hand Gesture Interpreter that recognizes hand movements relevant to the American Sign Language (ASL) and translates them into text for display on a Thin-Film-Transistor Liquid Crystal Display (<em>TFT</em> LCD) screen as well as synthetic speech. Linear Bayes Classifiers and Multilayer Neural Networks have been used to classify 11 feature vectors obtained from the sensors on the glove into one of the 27 ASL alphabets and a predefined gesture for space. Three types of features are used; bending using six bend sensors, orientation in three dimensions using accelerometers and contacts at vital points using contact sensors. To gauge the performance of the presented design, the training database was prepared using five volunteers. The accuracy of the current version on the prepared dataset was found to be up to 99.3% for target user. The solution combines electronics, e-textile technology, sensor technology, embedded system and machine learning techniques to build a low cost wearable glove that is scrupulous, elegant and portable. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=American%20sign%20language" title="American sign language">American sign language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=assistive%20hand%20gesture%20interpreter" title=" assistive hand gesture interpreter"> assistive hand gesture interpreter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=human-machine%20interface" title=" human-machine interface"> human-machine interface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=machine%20learning" title=" machine learning"> machine learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=sensing%20glove." title=" sensing glove."> sensing glove.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005809/hand-gesture-interpretation-using-sensing-glove-integrated-with-machine-learning-algorithms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005809/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005809/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005809/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005809/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005809/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005809/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005809/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005809/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005809/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005809/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005809.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2731</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Improved Zero Text Watermarking Algorithm against Meaning Preserving Attacks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jalil%20Z.">Jalil Z.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Farooq%20M."> Farooq M.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Zafar%20H."> Zafar H.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sabir%20M."> Sabir M.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ashraf%20E."> Ashraf E.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Internet is largely composed of textual contents and a huge volume of digital contents gets floated over the Internet daily. The ease of information sharing and re-production has made it difficult to preserve author-s copyright. Digital watermarking came up as a solution for copyright protection of plain text problem after 1993. In this paper, we propose a zero text watermarking algorithm based on occurrence frequency of non-vowel ASCII characters and words for copyright protection of plain text. The embedding algorithm makes use of frequency non-vowel ASCII characters and words to generate a specialized author key. The extraction algorithm uses this key to extract watermark, hence identify the original copyright owner. Experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm on text encountering meaning preserving attacks performed by five independent attackers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Copyright%20protection" title="Copyright protection">Copyright protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Digital%20watermarking" title=" Digital watermarking"> Digital watermarking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Document%20authentication" title="Document authentication">Document authentication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Information%20security" title=" Information security"> Information security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Watermark." title=" Watermark."> Watermark.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9037/improved-zero-text-watermarking-algorithm-against-meaning-preserving-attacks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9037/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9037/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9037/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9037/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9037/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9037/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9037/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9037/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9037/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9037/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9037.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Influence of Pier Modification Techniques for Reducing Scour around Bridge Piers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rashid%20Farooq">Rashid Farooq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Abdul%20Razzaq%20Ghumman"> Abdul Razzaq Ghumman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hashim%20Nisar%20Hashmi"> Hashim Nisar Hashmi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Bridge piers often fail all over the world and the whole structure may be endangered due to scouring phenomena. Scouring has been linked to catastrophic failures that lead into the loss of human lives. Various techniques have been employed to extenuate the scouring process in order to assist the bridge designs. Pier modifications plays vital role to control scouring at the vicinity of the pier. This experimental study aims at monitoring the effectiveness of pier modification and temporal development of scour depth around a bridge pier by providing a collar, a cable or openings under the same flow conditions. Provision of a collar around the octagonal pier reduced more scour depth than that for other two configurations. Providing a collar around the octagonal pier found to be the best in reducing scour. The scour depth in front of pier was found to be 19.5% less than that at the octagonal pier without any modifications. Similarly, the scour depth around the octagonal pier having provision of a cable was less than that at pier with provision of openings. The scour depth around an octagonal pier was also compared with a plain circular pier and found to be 9.1% less.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Scour" title="Scour">Scour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=octagonal%20pier" title=" octagonal pier"> octagonal pier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=collar" title=" collar"> collar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cable" title=" cable"> cable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=openings." title=" openings."> openings.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006942/influence-of-pier-modification-techniques-for-reducing-scour-around-bridge-piers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006942/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006942/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006942/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006942/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006942/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006942/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006942/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006942/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006942/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006942/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10006942.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Impact of Brand Origin on Brand Loyalty: A Case of Personal Care Products in Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Aimen%20Batool%20Bint-E-Rashid">Aimen Batool Bint-E-Rashid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Syed%20Muhammad%20Dawood%20Ali%20Shah"> Syed Muhammad Dawood Ali Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Muhammad%20Usman%20Farooq"> Muhammad Usman Farooq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mahgul%20Anwar"> Mahgul Anwar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>As the world is progressing, the needs and demands of the consumer market are also changing. Nowadays the trends of consumer purchase decisions are dependent upon multiple factors. This study aims to identify the influential impact of country of origin over the perception and devotion towards daily personal care products specifically in reference to the knowledge and awareness regarding that particular brand in Pakistan. To corroborate this study, a 30-item brand origin questionnaire has been used with 300 purchase decision makers belonging to different age groups. To illustrate this study, a model has been developed based on brand origin, brand awareness and brand loyalty. Correlation and regression analysis have been used to find out the results which conclude the findings on the perspective of Pakistan’s consumer market as that brand origin has a direct relationship with brand loyalty provided that the consumer has a positive brand awareness. Support for the fact that brand origin impacts brand loyalty through brand awareness has been presented in this study.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Brand%20awareness" title="Brand awareness">Brand awareness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=brand%20loyalty" title=" brand loyalty"> brand loyalty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=brand%20origin" title=" brand origin"> brand origin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=personal%20care%20products" title=" personal care products"> personal care products</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=P%26G" title=" P&G"> P&G</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Unilever." title=" Unilever. "> Unilever. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009377/impact-of-brand-origin-on-brand-loyalty-a-case-of-personal-care-products-in-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009377/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009377/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009377/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009377/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009377/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009377/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009377/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009377/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009377/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009377/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009377.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1103</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Techno-Legal Interplay of Domain Names: A Study with Reference to India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Tariq%20Banday">M. Tariq Banday</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Farooq%20A.%20Mir"> Farooq A. Mir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Internet has unfolded its potential and its users are now quite convinced that it is a cost effective, flexible, efficient and viable option to carry out different business activities disregard of any physical or geographical boundaries. These intrinsic properties of Internet have raised innumerable legal issues that are difficult to resolve within the boundaries of existing legal régime which has a different scheme of things. Internet has impacted most of the branches of law more particularly Intellectual property jurisprudence which has engendered many IP issues including interplay of trademark and domain names. There is neither any separate legislation nor any express provision in the existing Trademark Act, 1999, which is relatively recent in origin and enacted at the time when theses issued had seized the attention of the courts in other jurisdictions. A host of legal issues cropped by the intersection of trademark and domain names which have been left for the courts to decide. The courts in India have seized this opportunity and have laid down a number of principles. This paper appraises approaches adopted by Indian courts in resolving domain name disputes and compares them with theories evolved and established in other jurisdictions.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=DNS" title="DNS">DNS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Domain%20Name" title=" Domain Name"> Domain Name</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Trademarks" title=" Trademarks"> Trademarks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Passing%20off%20and%20Judicial%20Approach." title=" Passing off and Judicial Approach."> Passing off and Judicial Approach.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997604/techno-legal-interplay-of-domain-names-a-study-with-reference-to-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997604/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997604/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997604/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997604/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997604/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997604/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997604/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997604/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997604/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997604/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997604.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2466</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Comparison between Post- and Oxy-Combustion Systems in a Petroleum Refinery Unit Using Modeling and Optimization </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Farooq%20A.%20Al-Sheikh">Farooq A. Al-Sheikh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ali%20Elkamel"> Ali Elkamel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=William%20A.%20Anderson"> William A. Anderson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>A fluidized catalytic cracking unit (FCCU) is one of the effective units in many refineries. Modeling and optimization of FCCU were done by many researchers in past decades, but in this research, comparison between post- and oxy-combustion was studied in the regenerator-FCCU. Therefore, a simplified mathematical model was derived by doing mass/heat balances around both reactor and regenerator. A state space analysis was employed to show effects of the flow rates variables such as air, feed, spent catalyst, regenerated catalyst and flue gas on the output variables. The main aim of studying dynamic responses is to figure out the most influencing variables that affect both reactor/regenerator temperatures; also, finding the upper/lower limits of the influencing variables to ensure that temperatures of the reactors and regenerator work within normal operating conditions. Therefore, those values will be used as side constraints in the optimization technique to find appropriate operating regimes. The objective functions were modeled to be maximizing the energy in the reactor while minimizing the energy consumption in the regenerator. In conclusion, an oxy-combustion process can be used instead of a post-combustion one.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=FCCU%20modeling" title="FCCU modeling">FCCU modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=oxy-combustion%20post-combustion." title=" oxy-combustion post-combustion."> oxy-combustion post-combustion.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008233/comparison-between-post-and-oxy-combustion-systems-in-a-petroleum-refinery-unit-using-modeling-and-optimization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008233/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008233/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008233/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008233/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008233/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008233/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008233/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008233/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008233/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008233/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008233.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">923</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Sensitivity Comparison between Rapid Immuno-Chromatographic Device Test and ELISA in Detection and Sero-Prevalence of HBsAg and Anti-HCV antibodies in Apparently Healthy Blood Donors of Lahore, Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Natasha%20Hussain">Natasha Hussain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Maleeha%20Aslam"> Maleeha Aslam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Robina%20Farooq"> Robina Farooq</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hepatitis B and hepatitis C are among the most significant hepatic infections all around the world that may lead to hepatocellular carcinoma. This study is first time performed at the blood transfussion centre of Omar hospital, Lahore. It aims to determine the sero-prevalence of these diseases by screening the apparently healthy blood donors who might be the carriers of HBV or HCV and pose a high risk in the transmission. It also aims the comparison between the sensitivity of two diagnostic tests; chromatographic immunoassay – one step test device and Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbant Assay (ELISA). Blood serum of 855 apparently healthy blood donors was screened for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and for anti HCV antibodies. SPSS version 12.0 and X2 (Chi-square) test were used for statistical analysis. The seroprevalence of HCV was 8.07% by the device method and by ELISA 9.12% and that of HBV was 5.6% by the device and 6.43% by ELISA. The unavailability of vaccination against HCV makes it more prevalent. Comparing the two diagnostic methods, ELISA proved to be more sensitive. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=ELISA" title="ELISA">ELISA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sensitivity%20comparison%20of%20diagnostic%20tests" title=" Sensitivity comparison of diagnostic tests"> Sensitivity comparison of diagnostic tests</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=seroprevalence%20of%20Hepatitis%20B%20and%20C" title="seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and C">seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and C</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15978/sensitivity-comparison-between-rapid-immuno-chromatographic-device-test-and-elisa-in-detection-and-sero-prevalence-of-hbsag-and-anti-hcv-antibodies-in-apparently-healthy-blood-donors-of-lahore-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15978/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15978/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15978/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15978/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15978/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15978/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15978/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15978/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15978/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15978/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15978.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2198</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Temperature Variation Effects on I-V Characteristics of Cu-Phthalocyanine based OFET</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Q.%20Zafar">Q. Zafar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.%20Akram"> R. Akram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kh.S.%20Karimov"> Kh.S. Karimov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.A.%20Khan"> T.A. Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Farooq"> M. Farooq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.M.%20Tahir"> M.M. Tahir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study we present the effect of elevated temperatures from 300K to 400K on the electrical properties of copper Phthalocyanine (CuPc) based organic field effect transistors (OFET). Thin films of organic semiconductor CuPc (40nm) and semitransparent Al (20nm) were deposited in sequence, by vacuum evaporation on a glass substrate with previously deposited Ag source and drain electrodes with a gap of 40 μm. Under resistive mode of operation, where gate was suspended it was observed that drain current of this organic field effect transistor (OFET) show an increase with temperature. While in grounded gate condition metal (aluminum) – semiconductor (Copper Phthalocyanine) Schottky junction dominated the output characteristics and device showed switching effect from low to high conduction states like Zener diode at higher bias voltages. This threshold voltage for switching effect has been found to be inversely proportional to temperature and shows an abrupt decrease after knee temperature of 360K. Change in dynamic resistance (Rd = dV/dI) with respect to temperature was observed to be -1%/K. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Copper%20Phthalocyanine" title="Copper Phthalocyanine">Copper Phthalocyanine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Metal-Semiconductor%0ASchottky%20Junction" title=" Metal-Semiconductor Schottky Junction"> Metal-Semiconductor Schottky Junction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Organic%20Field%20Effect%20Transistor" title=" Organic Field Effect Transistor"> Organic Field Effect Transistor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Switching%20effect" title=" Switching effect"> Switching effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Temperature%20Sensor" title=" Temperature Sensor"> Temperature Sensor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15695/temperature-variation-effects-on-i-v-characteristics-of-cu-phthalocyanine-based-ofet" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15695/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15695/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15695/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15695/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15695/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15695/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15695/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15695/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15695/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15695/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15695.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2579</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Temperature-Based Detection of Initial Yielding Point in Loading of Tensile Specimens Made of Structural Steel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Aqsa%20Jamil">Aqsa Jamil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hiroshi%20Tamura"> Hiroshi Tamura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hiroshi%20Katsuchi"> Hiroshi Katsuchi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jiaqi%20Wang"> Jiaqi Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Yield point represents the upper limit of forces which can be applied on a specimen without causing any permanent deformation. After yielding, the behavior of specimen suddenly changes including the possibility of cracking or buckling. So, the accumulation of damage or type of fracture changes depending on this condition. As it is difficult to accurately detect yield points of the several stress concentration points in structural steel specimens, an effort has been made in this research work to develop a convenient technique using thermography (temperature-based detection) during tensile tests for the precise detection of yield point initiation. To verify the applicability of thermography camera, tests were conducted under different loading conditions and measuring the deformation by installing various strain gauges and monitoring the surface temperature with the help of thermography camera. The yield point of specimens was estimated by the help of temperature dip which occurs due to the thermoelastic effect during the plastic deformation. The scattering of the data has been checked by performing repeatability analysis. The effect of temperature imperfection and light source has been checked by carrying out the tests at daytime as well as midnight and by calculating the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the noised data from the infrared thermography camera, it can be concluded that the camera is independent of testing time and the presence of a visible light source. Furthermore, a fully coupled thermal-stress analysis has been performed by using Abaqus/Standard exact implementation technique to validate the temperature profiles obtained from the thermography camera and to check the feasibility of numerical simulation for the prediction of results extracted with the help of thermographic technique. </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Signal%20to%20noise%20ratio" title="Signal to noise ratio">Signal to noise ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=thermoelastic%20effect" title=" thermoelastic effect"> thermoelastic effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=thermography" title=" thermography"> thermography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=yield%20point." title=" yield point."> yield point.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012967/temperature-based-detection-of-initial-yielding-point-in-loading-of-tensile-specimens-made-of-structural-steel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012967/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012967/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012967/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012967/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012967/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012967/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012967/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012967/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012967/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012967/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012967.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">367</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Representing Shared Join Points with State Charts: A High Level Design Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Muhammad%20Naveed">Muhammad Naveed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Muhammad%20Khalid%20Abdullah"> Muhammad Khalid Abdullah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Khalid%20Rashid"> Khalid Rashid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hafiz%20Farooq%20Ahmad"> Hafiz Farooq Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aspect Oriented Programming promises many advantages at programming level by incorporating the cross cutting concerns into separate units, called aspects. Join Points are distinguishing features of Aspect Oriented Programming as they define the points where core requirements and crosscutting concerns are (inter)connected. Currently, there is a problem of multiple aspects- composition at the same join point, which introduces the issues like ordering and controlling of these superimposed aspects. Dynamic strategies are required to handle these issues as early as possible. State chart is an effective modeling tool to capture dynamic behavior at high level design. This paper provides methodology to formulate the strategies for multiple aspect composition at high level, which helps to better implement these strategies at coding level. It also highlights the need of designing shared join point at high level, by providing the solutions of these issues using state chart diagrams in UML 2.0. High level design representation of shared join points also helps to implement the designed strategy in systematic way. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Aspect%20Oriented%20Software%20Development" title="Aspect Oriented Software Development">Aspect Oriented Software Development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shared%20Join%0APoints." title=" Shared Join Points."> Shared Join Points.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5128/representing-shared-join-points-with-state-charts-a-high-level-design-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5128/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5128/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5128/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5128/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5128/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5128/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5128/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5128/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5128/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5128/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5128.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1717</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Numerical Simulations of Cross-Flow around Four Square Cylinders in an In-Line Rectangular Configuration</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shams%20Ul%20Islam">Shams Ul Islam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chao%20Ying%20Zhou"> Chao Ying Zhou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Farooq%20Ahmad"> Farooq Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A two-dimensional numerical simulation of crossflow around four cylinders in an in-line rectangular configuration is studied by using the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). Special attention is paid to the effect of the spacing between the cylinders. The Reynolds number ( Re ) is chosen to be e 100 R = and the spacing ratio L / D is set at 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 9.0 and 10.0. Results show that, as in the case of four cylinders in an inline rectangular configuration , flow fields show four different features depending on the spacing (single square cylinder, stable shielding flow, wiggling shielding flow and a vortex shedding flow) are observed in this study. The effects of spacing ratio on physical quantities such as mean drag coefficient, Strouhal number and rootmean- square value of the drag and lift coefficients are also presented. There is more than one shedding frequency at small spacing ratios. The mean drag coefficients for downstream cylinders are less than that of the single cylinder for all spacing ratios. The present results using the LBM are compared with some existing experimental data and numerical studies. The comparison shows that the LBM can capture the characteristics of the bluff body flow reasonably well and is a good tool for bluff body flow studies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Four%20square%20cylinders" title="Four square cylinders">Four square cylinders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lattice%20Boltzmann%20method" title=" Lattice Boltzmann method"> Lattice Boltzmann method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=rectangular%20configuration" title=" rectangular configuration"> rectangular configuration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=spacing%20ratios" title=" spacing ratios"> spacing ratios</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=vortex%20shedding." title=" vortex shedding."> vortex shedding.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13437/numerical-simulations-of-cross-flow-around-four-square-cylinders-in-an-in-line-rectangular-configuration" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13437/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13437/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13437/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13437/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13437/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13437/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13437/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13437/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13437/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13437/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13437.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2701</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Assessing the Actual Status and Farmer’s Attitude towards Agroforestry in Chiniot, Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20F.%20Nawaz">M. F. Nawaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Gul"> S. Gul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20H.%20Farooq"> T. H. Farooq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20T.%20Siddiqui"> M. T. Siddiqui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Asif"> M. Asif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=I.%20Ahmad"> I. Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20K.%20Niazi"> N. K. Niazi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Pakistan, major demands of fuel wood and timber wood are fulfilled by agroforestry. However, the information regarding economic significance of agroforestry and its productivity in Pakistan is still insufficient and unreliable. Survey of field conditions to examine the agroforestry status at local level helps us to know the future trends and to formulate the policies for sustainable wood supply. The objectives of this research were to examine the actual status and potential of agroforestry and to point out the barriers that are faced by farmers in the adoption of agroforestry. Research was carried out in Chiniot district, Pakistan because it is the famous city for furniture industry that is largely dependent on farm trees. A detailed survey of district Chiniot was carried out from 150 randomly selected farmer respondents using multi-objective oriented and pre-tested questionnaire. It was found that linear tree planting method was more adopted (45%) as compared to linear + interplanting (42%) and/or compact planting (12.6%). Chi-square values at P-value <0.5 showed that age (11.35) and education (17.09) were two more important factors in the quick adoption of agroforestry as compared to land holdings (P-value of 0.7). The major reason of agroforestry adoption was to obtain income, fodder and fuelwood. The most dominant species in farmlands was shisham (<em>Dalbergia sissoo</em>) but since last five years, mostly farmers were growing Sufeida <em>(Eucalyptus camaldulensis)</em>, kikar (<em>Acacia nilotica</em>) and popular (<em>Populus deltoides</em>) on their fields due to “Shisham die-back” problem. It was found that agro-forestry can be increased by providing good quality planting material to farmers and improving wood markets. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Agroforestry" title="Agroforestry">Agroforestry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=trees" title=" trees"> trees</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=services" title=" services"> services</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=agriculture" title=" agriculture"> agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=farmers." title=" farmers."> farmers.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005011/assessing-the-actual-status-and-farmers-attitude-towards-agroforestry-in-chiniot-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005011/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005011/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005011/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005011/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005011/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005011/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005011/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005011/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005011/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005011/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005011.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1732</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Comparison of Adsorbents for Ammonia Removal from Mining Wastewater</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Farooq%20A.%20Al-Sheikh">Farooq A. Al-Sheikh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Carol%20Moralejo"> Carol Moralejo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mark%20Pritzker"> Mark Pritzker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=William%20A.%20Anderson"> William A. Anderson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ali%20Elkamel"> Ali Elkamel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Ammonia in mining wastewater is a significant problem, and treatment can be especially difficult in cold climates where biological treatment is not feasible. An adsorption process is one of the alternative processes that can be used to reduce ammonia concentrations to acceptable limits, and therefore a LEWATIT resin strongly acidic H+ form ion exchange resin and a Bowie Chabazite Na form AZLB-Na zeolite were tested to assess their effectiveness. For these adsorption tests, two packed bed columns (a mini-column constructed from a 32-cm long x 1-cm diameter piece of glass tubing, and a 60-cm long x 2.5-cm diameter Ace Glass chromatography column) were used containing varying quantities of the adsorbents. A mining wastewater with ammonia concentrations of 22.7 mg/L was fed through the columns at controlled flowrates. In the experimental work, maximum capacities of the LEWATIT ion exchange resin were 0.438, 0.448, and 1.472 mg/g for 3, 6, and 9 g respectively in a mini column and 1.739 mg/g for 141.5 g in a larger Ace column while the capacities for the AZLB-Na zeolite were 0.424, and 0.784 mg/g for 3, and 6 g respectively in the mini column and 1.1636 mg/g for 38.5 g in the Ace column. In the theoretical work, Thomas, Adams-Bohart, and Yoon-Nelson models were constructed to describe a breakthrough curve of the adsorption process and find the constants of the above-mentioned models. In the regeneration tests, 5% hydrochloric acid, HCl (v/v) and 10% sodium hydroxide, NaOH (w/v) were used to regenerate the LEWATIT resin and AZLB-Na zeolite with 44 and 63.8% recovery, respectively. In conclusion, continuous flow adsorption using a LEWATIT ion exchange resin and an AZLB-Na zeolite is efficient when using a co-flow technique for removal of the ammonia from wastewater. Thomas, Adams-Bohart, and Yoon-Nelson models satisfactorily fit the data with R<sup>2</sup> closer to 1 in all cases.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=AZLB-Na%20zeolite" title="AZLB-Na zeolite">AZLB-Na zeolite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=continuous%20adsorption" title=" continuous adsorption"> continuous adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=LEWATIT%20resin" title=" LEWATIT resin"> LEWATIT resin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=models" title=" models"> models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=regeneration." title=" regeneration."> regeneration.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008042/comparison-of-adsorbents-for-ammonia-removal-from-mining-wastewater" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008042/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008042/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008042/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008042/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008042/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008042/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008042/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008042/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008042/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008042/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008042.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1236</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Verifying the Supremacy of Volume Modulated Arc Therapy Over Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy: Pelvis Malignancies’ Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Umar%20Farooq">M. Umar Farooq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20Ahmad%20Afridi"> T. Ahmad Afridi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Zia-Ul-Islam%20Arsalan"> M. Zia-Ul-Islam Arsalan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=U.%20Hussain%20Haider"> U. Hussain Haider</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Ullah"> S. Ullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Cancer, a leading fatal disease worldwide, can be treated with various techniques including radiation therapy. It involves the use of ionizing radiation to target cancer cells. On basis of source placement, radiation therapy is of two types i.e., Brachytherapy and External Beam Radiotherapy (EBRT). EBRT has evolved from 2-D conventional therapy to 3-D Conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) and then Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT). IMRT improves dose conformity and sparing of organs at risk. Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) is a modern technique that uses treatment delivery in arcs with rotation of the gantry. In this report, a dosimetry comparison was performed between IMRT and VMAT. This study was conducted in the Radiotherapy Department of the Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Oncology Lahore (INMOL). Ten patients with Prostate Carcinoma were selected for this study to compare the methods. Simulation of these patients was done with help of a CT Simulator. All target volumes and organs were delineated by the oncologists. Then suitable fields/arcs were applied which cover volumes effectively. This was followed by the optimization of plans for both techniques for every patient. Finally, a comparison of evaluating parameters e.g., Conformity Index (CI), Volume Coverage, Homogeneity Index (HI), Organ Doses, and MUs (Monitor Units) was performed. We obtained better results of target conformity indices from VMAT (CI = 1.16) than IMRT (CI = 1.24). VMAT was better in organ sparing too. Also, VMAT shows fewer MUs (733 MUs) as compared to IMRT (2149 MUs). From this study, it is concluded that VMAT is a better treatment technique than IMRT. This technique will enhance treatment efficiency as it takes less time in obtaining the required results. Also, a very less scatter dose will be delivered to the patient.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=2-D%20Conventional%20Radiotherapy" title="2-D Conventional Radiotherapy">2-D Conventional Radiotherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=3-D%20Conformal%20Radiotherapy" title=" 3-D Conformal Radiotherapy"> 3-D Conformal Radiotherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Intensity%20Modulated%20Radiotherapy" title=" Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy"> Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Prostate%20Carcinoma" title=" Prostate Carcinoma"> Prostate Carcinoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Radiotherapy" title=" Radiotherapy"> Radiotherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Volumetric%20Modulated%20Arc%20Therapy." title=" Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy."> Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012822/verifying-the-supremacy-of-volume-modulated-arc-therapy-over-intensity-modulated-radiation-therapy-pelvis-malignancies-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012822/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012822/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012822/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012822/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012822/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10012822/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a 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