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light</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: call light"> <meta name="keywords" content="call light"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="call light"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 4305</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: call light</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4305</span> The Nursing Rounds System: Effect of Patient's Call Light Use, Bed Sores, Fall and Satisfaction Level</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bassem%20Saleh">Bassem Saleh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hussam%20Nusair"> Hussam Nusair</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nariman%20Al%20Zubadi"> Nariman Al Zubadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shams%20Al%20Shloul"> Shams Al Shloul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Usama%20Saleh"> Usama Saleh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The nursing round system (NRS) means checking patients on an hourly basis during the A (0700–2200 h) shift and once every 2 h during the B (2200–0700 h) by the assigned nursing staff. The overall goal of this prospective study is to implement an NRS in a major rehabilitation centre—Sultan Bin Abdulaziz Humanitarian City—in the Riyadh area of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The purposes of this study are to measure the effect of the NRS on: (i) the use of patient call light; (ii) the number of incidences of patients’ fall; (iii) the number of incidences of hospital-acquired bed sores; and (iv) the level of patients’ satisfaction. All patients hospitalized in the male stroke unit will be involved in this study. For the period of 8 weeks (17 December 2009–17 February 2010) All Nursing staff on the unit will record each call light and the patient’s need. Implementation of the NRS would start on 18 February 2010 and last for 8 weeks, until 18 April 2010. Data collected throughout this period will be compared with data collected during the 8 weeks period immediately preceding the implementation of the NRS (17 December 2009–17 February 2010) in order to measure the impact of the call light use. The following information were collected on all subjects involved in the study: (i) the Demographic Information Form; (ii) authors’ developed NRS Audit Form; (iii) Patient Call Light Audit Form; (iv) Patient Fall Audit Record; (v) Hospital-Acquired Bed Sores Audit Form; and (vi) hospital developed Patient Satisfaction Records. The findings suggested that a significant reduction on the use of call bell (P < 0.001), a significant reduction of fall incidence (P < 0.01) while pressure ulcer reduced by 50% before and after the implementation of NRS. In addition, the implementation of NRS increased patient satisfaction by 7/5 (P < 0.05). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=call%20light" title="call light">call light</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patient-care%20management" title=" patient-care management"> patient-care management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patient%20safety" title=" patient safety"> patient safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patient%20satisfaction" title=" patient satisfaction"> patient satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rounds" title=" rounds"> rounds</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41680/the-nursing-rounds-system-effect-of-patients-call-light-use-bed-sores-fall-and-satisfaction-level" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41680.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">374</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4304</span> Petri Net Modeling and Simulation of a Call-Taxi System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Godwin">T. Godwin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A call-taxi system is a type of taxi service where a taxi could be requested through a phone call or mobile app. A schematic functioning of a call-taxi system is modeled using Petri net, which provides the necessary conditions for a taxi to be assigned by a dispatcher to pick a customer as well as the conditions for the taxi to be released by the customer. A Petri net is a graphical modeling tool used to understand sequences, concurrences, and confluences of activities in the working of discrete event systems. It uses tokens on a directed bipartite multi-graph to simulate the activities of a system. The Petri net model is translated into a simulation model and a call-taxi system is simulated. The simulation model helps in evaluating the operation of a call-taxi system based on the fleet size as well as the operating policies for call-taxi assignment and empty call-taxi repositioning. The developed Petri net based simulation model can be used to decide the fleet size as well as the call-taxi assignment policies for a call-taxi system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=call-taxi" title="call-taxi">call-taxi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20event%20system" title=" discrete event system"> discrete event system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=petri%20net" title=" petri net"> petri net</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation%20modeling" title=" simulation modeling"> simulation modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58605/petri-net-modeling-and-simulation-of-a-call-taxi-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58605.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">424</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4303</span> 'Call Drop': A Problem for Handover Minimizing the Call Drop Probability Using Analytical and Statistical Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anshul%20Gupta">Anshul Gupta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Shankar"> T. Shankar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we had analyzed the call drop to provide a good quality of service to user. By optimizing it we can increase the coverage area and also the reduction of interference and congestion created in a network. Basically handover is the transfer of call from one cell site to another site during a call. Here we have analyzed the whole network by two method-statistic model and analytic model. In statistic model we have collected all the data of a network during busy hour and normal 24 hours and in analytic model we have the equation through which we have to find the call drop probability. By avoiding unnecessary handovers we can increase the number of calls per hour. The most important parameter is co-efficient of variation on which the whole paper discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coefficient%20of%20variation" title="coefficient of variation">coefficient of variation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mean" title=" mean"> mean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=standard%20deviation" title=" standard deviation"> standard deviation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=call%20drop%20probability" title=" call drop probability"> call drop probability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=handover" title=" handover"> handover</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10404/call-drop-a-problem-for-handover-minimizing-the-call-drop-probability-using-analytical-and-statistical-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10404.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">491</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4302</span> Through 7S Model to Promote the Service Innovation Management</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheng%20Fang%20Hsu">Cheng Fang Hsu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Call center is the core of building customer relationship management system. Under the strong competitive stress, it becomes a new profiting challenge for a successful enterprise. Call center is a department not only to provide customer service but also to bring business profit. This is the qualitative case study in Taiwan bank service industry which goes on deeper exploration, and analysis by business interviews and industrial analysis. This study starts from the establishment, development, and management after the reforming of the case call center. Through SWOT analysis, and industrial analysis, this study adopted 7S model to explain how the call center reforms from service oriented to profit oriented and from cost management to profit management. The results indicated how service innovation management promotes call center to be operated as a market profit competition center. The recommendations are indicated to support the call center on marketing profit by service innovation management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=call%20center" title="call center">call center</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=7S%20model" title=" 7S model"> 7S model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20innovation%20management" title=" service innovation management"> service innovation management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioinformatics" title=" bioinformatics"> bioinformatics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2885/through-7s-model-to-promote-the-service-innovation-management" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2885.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">487</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4301</span> The Interplay between Technology and Culture in Inbound Call Center Industry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joseph%20Reylan%20Viray">Joseph Reylan Viray</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kriztine%20R.%20Viray"> Kriztine R. Viray</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Call center conversations, more than the business dimensions that they normally manifest, are interactions between human beings. These are communication exchanges that are packed with psychological, cultural and social dimensions that affect the specific experience of the parties. The increasing development of information and communication technology over the past decades brought about important advantages and corresponding disadvantages in the process of communicational transactions in call center industry. It has been established that the technology is so powerful that it strongly affects, among others, call center business. In the present study, the author explores the interplay between the technology being utilized by the industry and the cultural orientations of both the call center agents and their customers in the process of communication exchanges. Specifically, the paper seeks to (1) describe the interplay between culture and technology in inbound call center industry as it affects the communication exchange of the agents and customers; (2) understand the nature and the dynamics of the call center industry as regards the cultural dimensions of Hofstede; and (3) come up with a simple study where the cross-cultural aspect of the call center industry could be highlighted and could provide necessary knowledge to the stakeholders. Cognizant of the complexity of the topic, the researchers employed Hofstede's cultural dimensions. Likewise, another theory that was used in this study is the Computer Mediated Communication Theory. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=call%20center%20industry" title="call center industry">call center industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture" title=" culture"> culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hofstede" title=" Hofstede"> Hofstede</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CMT" title=" CMT"> CMT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology" title=" technology"> technology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47252/the-interplay-between-technology-and-culture-in-inbound-call-center-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47252.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">352</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4300</span> Accidents and Close Call Situations Due to Cell Phone Use While Moving, Driving, and Working</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Korpinen">L. Korpinen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20P%C3%A4%C3%A4kk%C3%B6nen"> R. Pääkkönen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Gobba"> F. Gobba</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Accidents and close call situations involving cell phones are nowadays possible. The objective of this study was to investigate the accidents and close call situations due to cell phone use while moving, driving, and working among Finns aged between 18 and 65. This work is part of a large cross-sectional study that was carried out on 15,000 working-age Finns. About 26% of people who had an accident, and about half of the people including close call situation with the mobile phone, answered that use of the phone influenced. In the future, it is important to take into account that the use of a mobile phone can be distracting while driving. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blue-collar%20workers" title="blue-collar workers">blue-collar workers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accident" title=" accident"> accident</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20phone" title=" cell phone"> cell phone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=close%20call%20situation" title=" close call situation"> close call situation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53339/accidents-and-close-call-situations-due-to-cell-phone-use-while-moving-driving-and-working" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53339.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4299</span> [Keynote Talk]: Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL) for Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL/ESOL) as a Foreign Language (TEFL/EFL), Second Language (TESL/ESL), or Additional Language (TEAL/EAL)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrew%20Laghos">Andrew Laghos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Computer-assisted language learning (CALL) is defined as the use of computers to help learn languages. In this study we look at several different types of CALL tools and applications and how they can assist Adults and Young Learners in learning the English language as a foreign, second or additional language. It is important to identify the roles of the teacher and the learners, and what the learners’ motivations are for learning the language. Audio, video, interactive multimedia games, online translation services, conferencing, chat rooms, discussion forums, social networks, social media, email communication, songs and music video clips are just some of the many ways computers are currently being used to enhance language learning. CALL may be used for classroom teaching as well as for online and mobile learning. Advantages and disadvantages of CALL are discussed and the study ends with future predictions of CALL. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer-assisted%20language%20learning%20%28CALL%29" title="computer-assisted language learning (CALL)">computer-assisted language learning (CALL)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20English%20as%20a%20foreign%20language%20%28TEFL%2FEFL%29" title=" teaching English as a foreign language (TEFL/EFL)"> teaching English as a foreign language (TEFL/EFL)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adult%20learners" title=" adult learners"> adult learners</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=young%20learners" title=" young learners"> young learners</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47997/keynote-talk-computer-assisted-language-learning-call-for-teaching-english-to-speakers-of-other-languages-tesolesol-as-a-foreign-language-teflefl-second-language-teslesl-or-additional-language-tealeal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47997.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">434</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4298</span> Attitudes of Saudi Students Attending the English Programmes of the Royal Commission for Jubail and Yanbu toward Using Computer-Assisted Language Learning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sultan%20Ahmed%20Arishi">Sultan Ahmed Arishi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of the study was to investigate the attitude of the Saudi students attending the English Language programmes of the Royal Commission for Jubail towards using CALL, as well as to discover whether computer-assisted teaching is useful and valuable for students in learning English. Data were collected with the help of interviews and survey questionnaires. The outcomes of the investigation showed that students had a positive attitude towards CALL. Moreover, the listening skills of the students had the most substantial effect on students learning English through CALL. Unexpectedly, the teaching staff, equipment, curriculum, or even a student's poor English background was a distinct barrier that attributed to any weaknesses of using CALL, or in other words, all these factors were of a similar attitude. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CALL" title="CALL">CALL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20aids" title=" teaching aids"> teaching aids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20technology" title=" teaching technology"> teaching technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20English%20with%20technology" title=" teaching English with technology"> teaching English with technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20English%20in%20Saudi%20Arabia" title=" teaching English in Saudi Arabia"> teaching English in Saudi Arabia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118325/attitudes-of-saudi-students-attending-the-english-programmes-of-the-royal-commission-for-jubail-and-yanbu-toward-using-computer-assisted-language-learning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/118325.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4297</span> An AI Based Smart Conference Calling System Using Bluetooth Technology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ankita%20Dixit">Ankita Dixit</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A conference call using a mobile refers to a telephonic call in which several people talks to each other simultaneously. This is one of the most eminent features nowadays. This concept is already existing using LTE technology for mobile phones supporting SIM cards. Hence, currently, a conference call is possible only with the support of a SIM card, i.e., a Mobile operator. Bluetooth is a short-range wireless technology that is used for exchanging data between devices placed over short distances (up to 240 meters). This is a booming technology that is easily and freely available and has no dependency on network operators. Our study work proposes a smart system to enable conference calls with more than two mobile users without SIM support to communicate with each other simultaneously. The AI-based proposed solution will be self–governed, self-learned and will be intelligent enough to smartly switch between all callers connected via Bluetooth in a conference call. This proposed solution system will greatly increase the potential of using Bluetooth technology from a wider applicability perspective of conference calls, which is currently only possible over LTE mobiles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conference%20call" title="conference call">conference call</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bluetooth" title=" bluetooth"> bluetooth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AI" title=" AI"> AI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency%20hopping" title=" frequency hopping"> frequency hopping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=piconet" title=" piconet"> piconet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scatter%20net" title=" scatter net"> scatter net</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168925/an-ai-based-smart-conference-calling-system-using-bluetooth-technology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168925.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4296</span> Accidents and Close Call Situations Connected to the Use of Mobile Phones in Working-Age People ≥ 50 Years Old</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leena%20Korpinen">Leena Korpinen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rauno%20P%C3%A4%C3%A4kk%C3%B6nen"> Rauno Pääkkönen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fabriziomaria%20Gobba"> Fabriziomaria Gobba</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this paper is to investigate accidents and close call situations connected to the use of mobile phones in working-age people ≥ 50 years old. The paper is part of a cross-sectional study that was carried out in 2002 in 15,000 working-age Finns. The study showed that mobile-phone-related accidents and close call situations, both at work and at leisure, are more common in people under 50 years that in people ≥ 50 years old. However, people under 50 use mobile phones more than those aged ≥ 50. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20phone" title="mobile phone">mobile phone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=age" title=" age"> age</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accident" title=" accident"> accident</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=close%20call%20situation" title=" close call situation"> close call situation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25554/accidents-and-close-call-situations-connected-to-the-use-of-mobile-phones-in-working-age-people-50-years-old" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25554.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">350</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4295</span> Congestion Control in Mobile Network by Prioritizing Handoff Calls</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20A.%20Lawal">O. A. Lawal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20A%20Ojesanmi"> O. A Ojesanmi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The demand for wireless cellular services continues to increase while the radio resources remain limited. Thus, network operators have to continuously manage the scarce radio resources in order to have an improved quality of service for mobile users. This paper proposes how to handle the problem of congestion in the mobile network by prioritizing handoff call, using the guard channel allocation scheme. The research uses specific threshold value for the time of allocation of the channel in the algorithm. The scheme would be simulated by generating various data for different traffics in the network as it would be in the real life. The result would be used to determine the probability of handoff call dropping and the probability of the new call blocking as a way of measuring the network performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=call%20block" title="call block">call block</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=channel" title=" channel"> channel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=handoff" title=" handoff"> handoff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20cellular%20network" title=" mobile cellular network"> mobile cellular network</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36795/congestion-control-in-mobile-network-by-prioritizing-handoff-calls" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36795.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">394</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4294</span> The Impact of Trading Switch on Price and Liquidity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bel%20Abed%20Ines%20Mariem">Bel Abed Ines Mariem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Different stock markets keep changing their exchange structure for the only purpose of improving the functioning of their markets. This paper investigates the effects of the transfer from one trading category to another in the Tunisian Stock Exchange on market price and liquidity. The sample consists of 40 securities transferred from call auction to continuous auction and conversely during the period between 2004 and 2013. The methodology used is the event study. Empirical results show an interesting phenomenon observed; stocks transferred to the call system have experienced an improvement on their price and liquidity especially for less liquid ones. However, price and liquidity for stocks transferred from call system to continuous system have decreased. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title="microstructure">microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=call%20auction" title=" call auction"> call auction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuous%20auction" title=" continuous auction"> continuous auction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=price" title=" price"> price</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquidity%20and%20event%20study" title=" liquidity and event study"> liquidity and event study</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8056/the-impact-of-trading-switch-on-price-and-liquidity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8056.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">389</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4293</span> Dimensioning of Circuit Switched Networks by Using Simulation Code Based On Erlang (B) Formula</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Mustafa%20Elshawesh">Ali Mustafa Elshawesh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Abdulali"> Mohamed Abdulali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper presents an approach to dimension circuit switched networks and find the relationship between the parameters of the circuit switched networks on the condition of specific probability of call blocking. Our work is creating a Simulation code based on Erlang (B) formula to draw graphs which show two curves for each graph; one of simulation and the other of calculated. These curves represent the relationships between average number of calls and average call duration with the probability of call blocking. This simulation code facilitates to select the appropriate parameters for circuit switched networks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erlang%20B%20formula" title="Erlang B formula">Erlang B formula</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=call%20blocking" title=" call blocking"> call blocking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=telephone%20system%20dimension" title=" telephone system dimension"> telephone system dimension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Markov%20model" title=" Markov model"> Markov model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=link%20capacity" title=" link capacity"> link capacity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6283/dimensioning-of-circuit-switched-networks-by-using-simulation-code-based-on-erlang-b-formula" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6283.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">612</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4292</span> Burnout Recognition for Call Center Agents by Using Skin Color Detection with Hand Poses </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El%20Sayed%20A.%20Sharara">El Sayed A. Sharara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Tsuji"> A. Tsuji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Terada"> K. Terada</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Call centers have been expanding and they have influence on activation in various markets increasingly. A call center’s work is known as one of the most demanding and stressful jobs. In this paper, we propose the fatigue detection system in order to detect burnout of call center agents in the case of a neck pain and upper back pain. Our proposed system is based on the computer vision technique combined skin color detection with the Viola-Jones object detector. To recognize the gesture of hand poses caused by stress sign, the YCbCr color space is used to detect the skin color region including face and hand poses around the area related to neck ache and upper back pain. A cascade of clarifiers by Viola-Jones is used for face recognition to extract from the skin color region. The detection of hand poses is given by the evaluation of neck pain and upper back pain by using skin color detection and face recognition method. The system performance is evaluated using two groups of dataset created in the laboratory to simulate call center environment. Our call center agent burnout detection system has been implemented by using a web camera and has been processed by MATLAB. From the experimental results, our system achieved 96.3% for upper back pain detection and 94.2% for neck pain detection. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=call%20center%20agents" title="call center agents">call center agents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatigue" title=" fatigue"> fatigue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skin%20color%20detection" title=" skin color detection"> skin color detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=face%20recognition" title=" face recognition"> face recognition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74913/burnout-recognition-for-call-center-agents-by-using-skin-color-detection-with-hand-poses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74913.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">294</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4291</span> Health and Safety Risk Assesment with Electromagnetic Field Exposure for Call Center Workers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dilsad%20Akal">Dilsad Akal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aim: Companies communicate with each other and with their costumers via call centers. Call centers are defined as stressful because of their uncertain working hours, inadequate relief time, performance based system and heavy workload. In literature, this sector is defined as risky as mining sector by means of health and safety. The aim of this research is to enlight the relatively dark area. Subject and Methods: The collection of data for this study completed during April-May 2015 for the two selected call centers in different parts of Turkey. The applied question mostly investigated the health conditions of call center workers. Electromagnetic field measurements were completed at the same time with applying the question poll. The ratio of employee accessibility noted as 73% for the first call center and 87% for the second. Results: The results of electromagnetic field measurements were as between 371 V/m-32 V/m for the first location and between 370 V/m-61 V/m for the second. The general complaints of the employees for both workplaces can be counted as; inadequate relief time, inadequate air conditioning, disturbance, poor thermal conditions, inadequate or extreme lighting. Furthermore, musculoskeletal discomfort, stress, ear and eye discomfort are main health problems of employees. Conclusion: The measured values and the responses to the question poll were found parallel with the other similar research results in literature. At the end of this survey, a risk map of workplace was prepared in terms of safety and health at work in general and some suggestions for resolution were provided. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=call%20center" title="call center">call center</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20and%20safety" title=" health and safety"> health and safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electromagnetic%20field" title=" electromagnetic field"> electromagnetic field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20map" title=" risk map"> risk map</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99357/health-and-safety-risk-assesment-with-electromagnetic-field-exposure-for-call-center-workers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99357.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">181</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4290</span> The Practice and Research of Computer-Aided Language Learning in China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huang%20Yajing">Huang Yajing</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Context: Computer-aided language learning (CALL) in China has undergone significant development over the past few decades, with distinct stages marking its evolution. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the practice and research in this field in China, tracing its journey from the early stages of audio-visual education to the current multimedia network integration stage. Research Aim: The study aims to analyze the historical progression of CALL in China, identify key developments in the field, and provide recommendations for enhancing CALL practices in the future. Methodology: The research employs document analysis and literature review to synthesize existing knowledge on CALL in China, drawing on a range of sources to construct a detailed overview of the evolution of CALL practices and research in the country. Findings: The review highlights the significant advancements in CALL in China, showcasing the transition from traditional audio-visual educational approaches to the current integrated multimedia network stage. The study identifies key milestones, technological advancements, and theoretical influences that have shaped CALL practices in China. Theoretical Importance: The evolution of CALL in China reflects not only technological progress but also shifts in educational paradigms and theories. The study underscores the significance of cognitive psychology as a theoretical underpinning for CALL practices, emphasizing the learner's active role in the learning process. Data Collection and Analysis Procedures: Data collection involved extensive review and analysis of documents and literature related to CALL in China. The analysis was carried out systematically to identify trends, developments, and challenges in the field. Questions Addressed: The study addresses the historical development of CALL in China, the impact of technological advancements on teaching practices, the role of cognitive psychology in shaping CALL methodologies, and the future outlook for CALL in the country. Conclusion: The review provides a comprehensive overview of the evolution of CALL in China, highlighting key stages of development and emerging trends. The study concludes by offering recommendations to further enhance CALL practices in the Chinese context. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=English%20education" title="English education">English education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=educational%20technology" title=" educational technology"> educational technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer-aided%20language%20teaching" title=" computer-aided language teaching"> computer-aided language teaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=applied%20linguistics" title=" applied linguistics"> applied linguistics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184330/the-practice-and-research-of-computer-aided-language-learning-in-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184330.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">55</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4289</span> Stock Price Prediction with 'Earnings' Conference Call Sentiment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sungzoon%20Cho">Sungzoon Cho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hye%20Jin%20Lee"> Hye Jin Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sungwhan%20Jeon"> Sungwhan Jeon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dongyoung%20Min"> Dongyoung Min</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sungwon%20Lyu"> Sungwon Lyu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Major public corporations worldwide use conference calls to report their quarterly earnings. These 'earnings' conference calls allow for questions from stock analysts. We investigated if it is possible to identify sentiment from the call script and use it to predict stock price movement. We analyzed call scripts from six companies, two each from Korea, China and Indonesia during six years 2011Q1 – 2017Q2. Random forest with Frequency-based sentiment scores using Loughran MacDonald Dictionary did better than control model with only financial indicators. When the stock prices went up 20 days from earnings release, our model predicted correctly 77% of time. When the model predicted 'up,' actual stock prices went up 65% of time. This preliminary result encourages us to investigate advanced sentiment scoring methodologies such as topic modeling, auto-encoder, and word2vec variants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earnings%20call%20script" title="earnings call script">earnings call script</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20forest" title=" random forest"> random forest</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sentiment%20analysis" title=" sentiment analysis"> sentiment analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stock%20price%20prediction" title=" stock price prediction"> stock price prediction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86655/stock-price-prediction-with-earnings-conference-call-sentiment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86655.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">292</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4288</span> Constitutive Role of Light in Christian Sacred Architecture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sokol%20Gojnik">Sokol Gojnik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zorana%3B%20Gojnik"> Zorana; Gojnik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Igor"> Igor </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Light is the central theme of sacred architecture of all religions and so of Christianity. The aim of this paper is to emphasize the inner sense of light and its constitutive role in Christian sacred architecture. The theme of light in Christian sacred architecture is fundamentally connected to its meaning and symbolism of light in Christian theology and liturgy. This fundamental connection is opening the space to the symbolic and theological comprehending of light which was present throughout the history of Christianity and which is lacking in contemporary sacred architecture. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=light" title="light">light</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sacred%20architecture" title=" sacred architecture"> sacred architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religious%20architecture" title=" religious architecture"> religious architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phenomenology%20of%20architecture" title=" phenomenology of architecture"> phenomenology of architecture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80768/constitutive-role-of-light-in-christian-sacred-architecture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80768.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">235</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4287</span> Investing the Employees Higher Quitting Intention at the Call Centers of Pakistan: A Reality or a Myth: A Case Study of Pakistan Telecommunication Sector</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naheed%20Malik">Naheed Malik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marisa%20Smith"> Marisa Smith</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study has been undertaken as an attempt to explore the underlying reasons that cause higher employee turnover rates at the call centers of Pakistan. This research also aimed to examine the relationship among the job related variables such as job satisfaction, organizational commitment, supervisor support, self-esteem, organizational stressors (work overload, role ambiguity and work family conflict) and quitting inclination. A total of 340 call centers respondents filled the survey questionnaire. The data was analyzed through SPSS 19.0. Results reveal the significant relationship among the study variables and stress level contributing more towards employee penchant to leave the job. A significant amount of call centers employee have proclivity to quit from their jobs as soon as they would be able to find some other jobs with attractive compensation. The majority of the respondents were found to be unhappy and dissatisfied due to hectic schedule and imbalance between family and work. This research also highlighted the specific areas in which call centre management needs to emphasize deliberately that affect more sharply on employee leaving aptitude. This study also suggests some useful strategies for the well being of employees that can minimize their tendency of quitting and retention in the long run. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=call%20centers" title="call centers">call centers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress" title=" stress"> stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=job%20satisfaction" title=" job satisfaction"> job satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20commitment" title=" organizational commitment"> organizational commitment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supervisor%E2%80%99s%20support" title=" supervisor’s support"> supervisor’s support</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self%20esteem" title=" self esteem"> self esteem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employee%20turnover" title=" employee turnover"> employee turnover</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employees%E2%80%99%20intention%20to%20quit" title=" employees’ intention to quit"> employees’ intention to quit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=customer%20service%20representative%20%28CSRs%29" title=" customer service representative (CSRs)"> customer service representative (CSRs)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44914/investing-the-employees-higher-quitting-intention-at-the-call-centers-of-pakistan-a-reality-or-a-myth-a-case-study-of-pakistan-telecommunication-sector" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44914.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">282</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4286</span> Blue-Collar Workers’ Accidents and Close Call Situations Connected to the Use of Cell Phones among Finns Aged 18–65</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Korpinen">L. Korpinen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20P%C3%A4%C3%A4kk%C3%B6nen"> R. Pääkkönen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Gobba"> F. Gobba</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There has been discussion if the use of mobile phones causes accidents. We studied workers’ accidents and near accidents related to the use of phones. This study is part of a large cross-sectional study that was carried out on 15,000 working-age Finns. We noticed that there were 4–5 times more close call situations than accidents connected to mobile phones and also work related accidents were fewer than leisure related. There are confusing parameters like the use of mobile phones at work, differences in work content between women and men. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blue-collar%20workers" title="blue-collar workers">blue-collar workers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accident" title=" accident"> accident</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20phone" title=" cell phone"> cell phone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=close%20call%20situation" title=" close call situation"> close call situation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46166/blue-collar-workers-accidents-and-close-call-situations-connected-to-the-use-of-cell-phones-among-finns-aged-18-65" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46166.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">250</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4285</span> A Study of Light in Zoroastrianism and Ancient Iranian Traditions: A Case of Mathnavi</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farideh%20Aramideh">Farideh Aramideh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this essay is to study the light in Zoroastrianism, and Masnavi by Rumi. The use of light goes back to thousand years B.C. the light in the legacy of ancient Iranian wisdom has been used in Mithraism, Zurvanism, Zoroastrianism and Manichaean religion and spirituality has been emanated in the world through the light. Ontology and angelology and the sacredness of fire in Zoroastrianism have been interpreted according to the concept of light. The ruling atmosphere on mazdaism world is the world which is full of light and angels, and light is one of the basis of worldview in ancient Iranian mysticism, especially Zoroastrianism and Manichaean, continued widely in Islamic mysticism, and also it always provokes discussions among scholars and mystics especially Iranian mystics. Light and fire are used as the signs and symbols of God's existence, The Shining lights emanated from the sacred essence of God, knowledge, and mysticism, love, discovering the wisdom and a way to God. Rumi speaks eloquently about light in Masnavi, and by using the light; he could render his readers the fundamental mystic subjects such as the true existence of God, the verity of prophets and saints, intuition of God, spiritual states of union with God and abiding in God, which are the most complicated mystic terms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zoroastrianism" title="zoroastrianism">zoroastrianism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=myticims" title=" myticims"> myticims</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masnavi" title=" Masnavi"> Masnavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=light" title=" light"> light</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35928/a-study-of-light-in-zoroastrianism-and-ancient-iranian-traditions-a-case-of-mathnavi" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35928.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">298</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4284</span> Determination Optimum Strike Price of FX Option Call Spread with USD/IDR Volatility and Garman–Kohlhagen Model Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bangkit%20Adhi%20Nugraha">Bangkit Adhi Nugraha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bambang%20Suripto"> Bambang Suripto </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> On September 2016 Bank Indonesia (BI) release regulation no.18/18/PBI/2016 that permit bank clients for using the FX option call spread USD/IDR. Basically, this product is a combination between clients buy FX call option (pay premium) and sell FX call option (receive premium) to protect against currency depreciation while also capping the potential upside with cheap premium cost. BI classifies this product as a structured product. The structured product is combination at least two financial instruments, either derivative or non-derivative instruments. The call spread is the first structured product against IDR permitted by BI since 2009 as response the demand increase from Indonesia firms on FX hedging through derivative for protecting market risk their foreign currency asset or liability. The composition of hedging products on Indonesian FX market increase from 35% on 2015 to 40% on 2016, the majority on swap product (FX forward, FX swap, cross currency swap). Swap is formulated by interest rate difference of the two currency pairs. The cost of swap product is 7% for USD/IDR with one year USD/IDR volatility 13%. That cost level makes swap products seem expensive for hedging buyers. Because call spread cost (around 1.5-3%) cheaper than swap, the most Indonesian firms are using NDF FX call spread USD/IDR on offshore with outstanding amount around 10 billion USD. The cheaper cost of call spread is the main advantage for hedging buyers. The problem arises because BI regulation requires the call spread buyer doing the dynamic hedging. That means, if call spread buyer choose strike price 1 and strike price 2 and volatility USD/IDR exchange rate surpass strike price 2, then the call spread buyer must buy another call spread with strike price 1’ (strike price 1’ = strike price 2) and strike price 2’ (strike price 2’ > strike price 1‘). It could make the premium cost of call spread doubled or even more and dismiss the purpose of hedging buyer to find the cheapest hedging cost. It is very crucial for the buyer to choose best optimum strike price before entering into the transaction. To help hedging buyer find the optimum strike price and avoid expensive multiple premium cost, we observe ten years 2005-2015 historical data of USD/IDR volatility to be compared with the price movement of the call spread USD/IDR using Garman–Kohlhagen Model (as a common formula on FX option pricing). We use statistical tools to analysis data correlation, understand nature of call spread price movement over ten years, and determine factors affecting price movement. We select some range of strike price and tenor and calculate the probability of dynamic hedging to occur and how much it’s cost. We found USD/IDR currency pairs is too uncertain and make dynamic hedging riskier and more expensive. We validated this result using one year data and shown small RMS. The study result could be used to understand nature of FX call spread and determine optimum strike price for hedging plan. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FX%20call%20spread%20USD%2FIDR" title="FX call spread USD/IDR">FX call spread USD/IDR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=USD%2FIDR%20volatility%20statistical%20analysis" title=" USD/IDR volatility statistical analysis"> USD/IDR volatility statistical analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Garman%E2%80%93Kohlhagen%20Model%20on%20FX%20Option%20USD%2FIDR" title=" Garman–Kohlhagen Model on FX Option USD/IDR"> Garman–Kohlhagen Model on FX Option USD/IDR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bank%20Indonesia%20Regulation%20no.18%2F18%2FPBI%2F2016" title=" Bank Indonesia Regulation no.18/18/PBI/2016"> Bank Indonesia Regulation no.18/18/PBI/2016</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65033/determination-optimum-strike-price-of-fx-option-call-spread-with-usdidr-volatility-and-garman-kohlhagen-model-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65033.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">380</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4283</span> Comparative Transcriptome Profiling of Low Light Tolerant and Sensitive Rice Varieties Induced by Low Light Stress at Active Tillering Stage</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Darshan%20Panda">Darshan Panda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lambodar%20Behera"> Lambodar Behera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20J.%20Baig"> M. J. Baig</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sudhanshu%20Sekhar"> Sudhanshu Sekhar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Low light intensity is a significant limitation for grain yield and quality in rice. However, yield is not significantly reduced in low-light tolerant rice varieties. The work, therefore, planned for comparative transcriptome profiling under low light stress to decipher the genes involved and molecular mechanism of low light tolerance in rice. At the active tillering stage, 50% low light exposure for one day, three days, and five days were given to Swarnaprabha (low light tolerant) and IR8 (low light sensitive) rice varieties. Illumina (HiSeq) platform was used for transcriptome sequencing. A total of 6,652 and 12,042 genes were differentially expressed due to low light intensity in Swarnaprabha and IR8, respectively, as compared to control. CAB, LRP, SBPase, MT15, TF PCL1, and Photosystem I & II complex related gene expressions were mostly increased in Swarnaprabha upon the longer duration of low light exposure, which was not found in IR8 as compared to control. Their expressions were validated by qRT-PCR. The overall study suggested that the maintenance of grain yield in the tolerant variety under low light might be the result of accelerated expression of the genes, which enable the plant to keep the photosynthetic processes moving at the same pace even under low light. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rice" title="rice">rice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20light" title=" low light"> low light</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photosynthesis" title=" photosynthesis"> photosynthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yield" title=" yield"> yield</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141335/comparative-transcriptome-profiling-of-low-light-tolerant-and-sensitive-rice-varieties-induced-by-low-light-stress-at-active-tillering-stage" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141335.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">195</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4282</span> EFL Learners' Attitudes towards the Proper Pronunciation of English and towards Podcasts as a Facilitator for Proper Pronunciation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Riam%20Almaqrn">Riam Almaqrn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulrahman%20Alshabeb"> Abdulrahman Alshabeb</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study aims to examine the attitudes of Saudi students of English towards proper pronunciation and towards podcasts as a facilitator for proper pronunciation. In order to fulfill the purpose of the study, twenty-three students participated in this study. The study used a questionnaire as the main data collection instrument. The questionnaire included two parts, one or proper pronunciation and the other for podcasts. Data analysis showed that the participants, in spite of the low rate of improvement in their pronunciation, had positive attitudes towards proper pronunciation of English. This outcome is compatible with previous studies` results that assert the fact that having a positive attitude towards a particular language and its speakers can improve pronunciation. As for podcasts, students received a total of five podcasts related to their listening and speaking textbook. At the end of the project, students showed high rate of acceptance for podcasts and positive attitudes towards them. The findings proved the usefulness of examining learners` attitudes towards new CALL applications before using them in a practical way. In the light of the findings, pedagogical implications and suggestions were presented for language instructors and academics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CALL" title="CALL">CALL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MALL" title=" MALL"> MALL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=podcast" title=" podcast"> podcast</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20English" title=" learning English"> learning English</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51213/efl-learners-attitudes-towards-the-proper-pronunciation-of-english-and-towards-podcasts-as-a-facilitator-for-proper-pronunciation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51213.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">264</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4281</span> Personal Factors and Career Adaptability in a Call Centre Work Environment: The Mediating Effects of Professional Efficacy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nisha%20Harry">Nisha Harry</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study discussed in this article sought to assess whether a sense of professional efficacy mediates the relationship between personal factors and career adaptability. A quantitative cross-sectional survey approach was followed. A non–probability sample of (N = 409) of which predominantly early career and permanently employed black females in call centres in Africa participated in this study. In order to assess personal factors, the participants completed sense of meaningfulness and emotional intelligence measures. Measures of professional efficacy and career adaptability were also completed. The results of the mediational analysis revealed that professional efficacy significantly mediates the meaningfulness (sense of coherence) and career adaptability relationship, but not the emotional intelligence–career adaptability relationship. Call centre agents with professional efficacy are likely to be more work engaged as a result of their sense of meaningfulness and emotional intelligence. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=call%20centre" title="call centre">call centre</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=professional%20efficacy" title=" professional efficacy"> professional efficacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=career%20adaptability" title=" career adaptability"> career adaptability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emotional%20intelligence" title=" emotional intelligence"> emotional intelligence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62810/personal-factors-and-career-adaptability-in-a-call-centre-work-environment-the-mediating-effects-of-professional-efficacy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62810.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">358</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4280</span> The Problem of Now in Special Relativity Theory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mogens%20Frank%20Mikkelsen">Mogens Frank Mikkelsen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Special Relativity Theory (SRT) includes only one characteristic of light, the speed is equal to all observers, and by excluding other relevant characteristics of light, the common interpretation of SRT should be regarded as merely an approximative theory. By rethinking the iconic double light cones, a revised version of SRT can be developed. The revised concept of light cones acknowledges an asymmetry of past and future light cones and introduced a concept of the extended past to explain the predictions as something other than the future. Combining this with the concept of photon-paired events, led to the inference that Special Relativity theory can support the existence of Now. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relativity" title="relativity">relativity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=light%20cone" title=" light cone"> light cone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Minkowski" title=" Minkowski"> Minkowski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time" title=" time"> time</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168891/the-problem-of-now-in-special-relativity-theory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168891.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4279</span> A New Car-Following Model with Consideration of the Brake Light</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhiyuan%20Tang">Zhiyuan Tang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ju%20Zhang"> Ju Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wenyuan%20Wu"> Wenyuan Wu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this research, a car-following model with consideration of the status of the brake light is proposed. The numerical results show that the stability of the traffic flow is improved. The ability of the brake light to reduce car accident is also showed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brake%20light" title="brake light">brake light</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=car-following%20model" title=" car-following model"> car-following model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traffic%20flow" title=" traffic flow"> traffic flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regional%20planning" title=" regional planning"> regional planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transportation" title=" transportation"> transportation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28404/a-new-car-following-model-with-consideration-of-the-brake-light" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28404.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">579</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4278</span> Amorphous Silicon-Based PINIP Structure for Human-Like Photosensor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheng-Chuan%20Hsu">Sheng-Chuan Hsu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Because the existing structure of ambient light sensor is most silicon photodiode device, it is extremely sensitive in the red and infrared regions. Even though the IR-Cut filter had added, it still cannot completely eliminate the influence of infrared light, and the spectral response of infrared light was stronger than that of the human eyes. Therefore, it is not able to present the vision spectrum of the human eye reacts with the ambient light. Then it needs to consider that the human eye feels the spectra that show significant differences between light and dark place. Consequently, in practical applications, we must create and develop advanced device of human-like photosensor which can solve these problems of ambient light sensor and let cognitive lighting system to provide suitable light to achieve the goals of vision spectrum of human eye and save energy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ambient%20light%20sensor" title="ambient light sensor">ambient light sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vision%20spectrum" title=" vision spectrum"> vision spectrum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20lighting%20system" title=" cognitive lighting system"> cognitive lighting system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20eye" title=" human eye"> human eye</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52063/amorphous-silicon-based-pinip-structure-for-human-like-photosensor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52063.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">335</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4277</span> Iranian EFL Learners' Attitudes towards Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rose%20Shayeghi">Rose Shayeghi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pejman%20Hosseiniun"> Pejman Hosseiniun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghasem%20Ghorbanirostam"> Ghasem Ghorbanirostam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study was conducted to investigate the Iranian EFL learners’ attitudes toward the use of computer technology in language classes as a method of improving English learning. To this end, 120 male and female Iranian learners participated in the study. Instrumentation included a 20-item questionnaire. The analysis of the data revealed that the majority of learners had a positive attitude towards the application of CALL in language classes. Moreover, independent samples t-tests indicated that male participants had a significantly more positive attitude compared with that of the female participants. Finally, the results obtained through ANOVA revealed that the youngest age group had a significantly more positive attitude toward the use of technology in language classes compared to the other age groups. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EFL%20learners" title="EFL learners">EFL learners</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iranian%20learners" title=" Iranian learners"> Iranian learners</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CALL" title=" CALL"> CALL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20learning" title=" language learning"> language learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13612/iranian-efl-learners-attitudes-towards-computer-assisted-language-learning-call" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13612.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">443</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4276</span> An Improved Method on Static Binary Analysis to Enhance the Context-Sensitive CFI</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qintao%20Shen">Qintao Shen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lei%20Luo"> Lei Luo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun%20Ma"> Jun Ma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jie%20Yu"> Jie Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qingbo%20Wu"> Qingbo Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yongqi%20Ma"> Yongqi Ma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhengji%20Liu"> Zhengji Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Control Flow Integrity (CFI) is one of the most promising technique to defend Code-Reuse Attacks (CRAs). Traditional CFI Systems and recent Context-Sensitive CFI use coarse control flow graphs (CFGs) to analyze whether the control flow hijack occurs, left vast space for attackers at indirect call-sites. Coarse CFGs make it difficult to decide which target to execute at indirect control-flow transfers, and weaken the existing CFI systems actually. It is an unsolved problem to extract CFGs precisely and perfectly from binaries now. In this paper, we present an algorithm to get a more precise CFG from binaries. Parameters are analyzed at indirect call-sites and functions firstly. By comparing counts of parameters prepared before call-sites and consumed by functions, targets of indirect calls are reduced. Then the control flow would be more constrained at indirect call-sites in runtime. Combined with CCFI, we implement our policy. Experimental results on some popular programs show that our approach is efficient. Further analysis show that it can mitigate COOP and other advanced attacks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contex-sensitive" title="contex-sensitive">contex-sensitive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFI" title=" CFI"> CFI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=binary%20analysis" title=" binary analysis"> binary analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=code%20reuse%20attack" title=" code reuse attack"> code reuse attack</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71090/an-improved-method-on-static-binary-analysis-to-enhance-the-context-sensitive-cfi" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71090.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge 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