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<h1>Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin</h1></div></header> <div class="wrapper"><div class="profile-photo"><figure><img src="/images/people/cecilia-payne-gaposchkin.jpg?w=360" srcset="/images/people/cecilia-payne-gaposchkin.jpg?w=720 2x" width="360" height="450" alt="Astronomer and Astrophysicist Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin"></figure></div> <p class="info"><b>Profession:</b> <a href="/people/astronomers">Astronomer</a> and Astrophysicist</p> <div class="flag-photo"><b>Nationality:</b> <a href="/people/nationality/american"><figure><img src="/images/flags/united-states.svg" width="60" height="35" alt="United States of America"><figcaption>American</figcaption></figure></a></div><p> <b>Biography:</b> Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin was a British-American astronomer and astrophysicist. She made groundbreaking discoveries about the composition of stars, despite facing significant obstacles in the male-dominated field.<br> <br> Payne-Gaposchkin's 1925 doctoral thesis argued that stars are composed primarily of hydrogen and helium. This contradicted the scientific consensus at the time, and her findings were initially rejected by the astronomical community, including renowned astronomer Henry Norris Russell.<br> <br> Despite this setback, Payne-Gaposchkin continued her research at the Harvard College Observatory. She published several influential books, including "The Stars of High Luminosity" (1930), "Variable Stars" (1938), and "Variable Stars and Galactic Structure" (1954). In 1934, she married Russian-born astrophysicist Sergei I. Gaposchkin.<br> <br> Payne-Gaposchkin's work on variable stars and the structure of the Milky Way further solidified her reputation as an astronomer. In 1956, she became the first woman to be promoted to full professor from within the faculty at Harvard's Faculty of Arts and Sciences. Throughout her career, she served as a mentor and inspiration to other women in science, such as Joan Feynman.<br> <br> Payne-Gaposchkin's contributions were recognized with numerous awards, including the Annie J. Cannon Award in Astronomy (1934), the Rittenhouse Medal (1961), and the Henry Norris Russell Lectureship (1976).</p> <p class="info"><b>Born:</b> <a href="/birthdays/may/10">May 10</a>, <a href="/birthdays/date/1900">1900</a><br> <b>Birthplace:</b> Wendover, Buckinghamshire, England </p><p class="info"><b>Generation:</b> <a href="/people/generation/lost-generation"><b>Lost Generation</b></a><br> <b>Chinese Zodiac:</b> <a href="/people/chinese-zodiac/rat">Rat</a><br> <b>Star Sign:</b> <a href="/people/star-sign/taurus">Taurus</a></p> <p class="info no-margin-bottom"><b>Died:</b> <a href="/deaths/december/7">December 7</a>, <a href="/deaths/date/1979">1979</a> (aged 79)<br> </p><span class="list-clearfix"></span> <br><header class="section__heading"><h2>References</h2></header> <ul class="event-list"><li class="event"><a href="https://www.aps.org/publications/apsnews/201501/physicshistory.cfm" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin and the Day the Universe Changed</a> - <b>American Physical Society</b></li> </ul> <div class="sponsor--footer"></div><br><div class="grid"> <section class="grid__item one-half--1024"> <header class="section__heading"><a href="/people/astronomers" class="section__link"><h2>Famous Astronomers</h2></a></header><ul class="photo-list"><li class="photo-list__item "><a href='/people/edmond-halley'><img src="/images/people/edmond-halley.jpg" loading="lazy" width="180" height="225" alt="">Edmond Halley</a></li> <li class="photo-list__item "><a href='/people/edwin-hubble'><img src="/images/people/edwin-hubble.jpg" loading="lazy" width="180" height="225" alt="">Edwin Hubble</a></li> <li class="photo-list__item hide-mobile"><a href='/people/johannes-kepler'><img src="/images/people/johannes-kepler.jpg" loading="lazy" width="180" height="225" alt="">Johannes Kepler</a></li> </ul></section><section class="grid__item one-half--1024"> <header class="section__heading"><a href="/people/physicists" class="section__link"><h2>Famous Physicists</h2></a></header><ul class="photo-list"><li class="photo-list__item "><a href='/people/alessandro-volta'><img src="/images/people/alessandro-volta.jpg" loading="lazy" width="180" height="225" alt="">Alessandro Volta</a></li> <li class="photo-list__item "><a href='/people/emilio-g-segre'><img src="/images/people/emilio-segre.jpg" loading="lazy" width="180" height="225" alt="">Emilio G. Segr猫</a></li> <li class="photo-list__item hide-mobile"><a href='/people/john-hopfield'><img src="/images/people/john-hopfield.jpg" loading="lazy" width="180" height="225" alt="">John Hopfield</a></li> </ul></section></div> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","url":"https://www.onthisday.com/people/cecilia-payne-gaposchkin","name":"Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin","image":"https://www.onthisday.com/images/people/cecilia-payne-gaposchkin.jpg?w=720","hasOccupation":["Astronomer","Physicist"],"nationality":"American","description":"Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin was a British-American astronomer and astrophysicist. She made groundbreaking discoveries about the composition of stars, despite facing significant obstacles in the male-dominated field.","birthDate":"1900-05-10","birthPlace":"Wendover, Buckinghamshire, England","deathDate":"1979-12-07"}</script> </div></article></main> <div class="search section--search" id="search" style="display:none"> <div class="wrapper"> <form method="post" action="/search.php"> <ul class="search__list"> <li class="search__item"><input name="text" type="text" autocomplete="off" minlength="2" placeholder="Enter Date, Event or Person" value="" class="search__text" aria-label="Date, Event or Person"></li> <li class="search__item"><select name="day" class="search__select" aria-label="Day"> <option>All Days</option> <option value="1">1</option><option value="2">2</option><option value="3">3</option><option value="4">4</option><option value="5">5</option><option value="6">6</option><option value="7">7</option><option value="8">8</option><option 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