CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzMiIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzMiIgZmlsbD0ibm9uZSI+PHBhdGggZmlsbD0iI0IyMEYwMyIgZD0iTTE2IDNhMTMgMTMgMCAxIDAgMTMgMTNBMTMuMDE1IDEzLjAxNSAwIDAgMCAxNiAzbTAgMjRhMTEgMTEgMCAxIDEgMTEtMTEgMTEuMDEgMTEuMDEgMCAwIDEtMTEgMTEiLz48cGF0aCBmaWxsPSIjQjIwRjAzIiBkPSJNMTcuMDM4IDE4LjYxNUgxNC44N0wxNC41NjMgOS41aDIuNzgzem0tMS4wODQgMS40MjdxLjY2IDAgMS4wNTcuMzg4LjQwNy4zODkuNDA3Ljk5NCAwIC41OTYtLjQwNy45ODQtLjM5Ny4zOS0xLjA1Ny4zODktLjY1IDAtMS4wNTYtLjM4OS0uMzk4LS4zODktLjM5OC0uOTg0IDAtLjU5Ny4zOTgtLjk4NS40MDYtLjM5NyAxLjA1Ni0uMzk3Ii8+PC9zdmc+);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9135a7a1f95e5859',cH: 'ATR1Bk0ffo.Po7_ZRYpgRsVU977_N0wj1gx.F4s3_3k-1739794022-1.2.1.1-tzdDwfKQOA7otYRYcRtepT9Lw9M9Z5wD.29CJI3pLuRyeSzC9So2az0roBuGfPVH',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=P.%20A.%20Khan&__cf_chl_tk=FIWfx6bBQ3p7cQT9P88E_ffAgxew823BvknCLJNvJ_8-1739794022-1.0.1.1-PGU4uhtrkx845_fGVVGDiN_9JiFONQezLePwFEMhf70",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739794022',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=P.%20A.%20Khan&__cf_chl_f_tk=FIWfx6bBQ3p7cQT9P88E_ffAgxew823BvknCLJNvJ_8-1739794022-1.0.1.1-PGU4uhtrkx845_fGVVGDiN_9JiFONQezLePwFEMhf70",md: "I0Yp7A0YZpHwN0v1.dcy.lgkLXqHtHxTivZXdfyOiJM-1739794022-1.2.1.1-6M_sHVrktJFKf3N2S_FEDTU8YuZ9.jqiAuWZMX71riBJjAuNiOPCKgLKB13hQXtPqrvB_EdxKWDnf8eU5owickaq97YUJfKgqxow53Ji1ZgEN0z4zpTbnDiB0Sr2g.eroSCkyqdRKNDTo7RyUhAbNpK6JuPtX2x9e9qb3dxqHVwXNWfMB9Rki.XaI2kRpndhPHYJ7NWtwRDKvo08pL71rAlzZfGEMM1caR0MAzKIU_CI23N9aH3yl0rJrXL28lyndlXS.HsZnRTxCl1UAjdqndv.pcsAkDoHbZaEOdX4WC_zP96JULl8JAF1q6uyKTzGszKGTVgfJ_WWs2nY_Yjp86Q8eLqpcF0OllI3Y7cQ4R1hDY3Iy6XQQHdzQKZjDk71EmBnDCLkOVc3R_hapb2v0.0tqlGBnm_UGgSBKDIb_5OZqHPujj.6EcbLBmkRJeGlbu7fzX1ao6IuY91OmdZ12arZmS72Y1bihgIFg1BnYGQeB3BS54iiox2ZSBngiHiwUFdzwpxNXnQvatDXsahi2bZgGI2Qo3P0FL1MU0aKHZ4v9QuoQDCXZkER9jRPbBlbEJ_noFYdoBcKmEjpBvvFYNYtzNmF1mGpglBR6sWcHVEdClXZv9C611jMkYnL.NTii.oLSVGFLVtvFf0vkVAi5MXeW0Kv3c0QLobLD28cOpTsLbZihtHKjmSbyTJszMHN_dHp1eWSfnvd6p3Tq6bUioaKfGPGUq0e0OUroThX2T7Irexp2eRFZU4E4MbQJvWoZv0Bv8sQ5bS2KtgaDp8t1a8Pjd_bIlaZYtaxSnTBNiw2AR4I3yWdhMVtjLHSzu3Il_p.HiYYjOjBswW3JYFifp9gQuRi4kNgyIK865oq.zQjGwNnt75FmsPFlvuBTHylyvoQHD6T5hS9mARwkQn6oN.nHOH6b_C97BmH3xsGETf1evtqGgFLOUl44kVpjhPWCOyBBll1rGP8Bwg4mUcFnUTmnQ_714xc50aiCeXdPUlOTVaCI.3AW3cbjYhkIif9Atred8VzsHUZc3KDHrHTncKWAHlJXP1BcsHsiu_C0CkI5jbS7m0RuFCvXB1LEcgPFAjZ9J8SYeKIkiFFr3rr6.8CTbNS2xQsu1OMCcOVUY6oOo_YHiULAwnRiaFxUCq839rG0d.r_qS5lbab6dvcnDE4TOulcCMw9e57JI29eMSEEeMPQRJdHD.qR3FQqOu9ZWNiOp74ToWk__0Mo12DTFj5qoHbN0DchGc73sgvtqwos1brrJunET2WC28DbbSjKz5LAqkSZj8fA_WuDlp1O8RoK9R1qBv0MlFGW_OQgN37V51YOdroH5tnVH3lFO6wWCoUz5dpOSu7VPgNa1wvg5GDshMgM3hxJ..wALDT5J96wtF3c6j3ACjjX5FILOhgilfxmApxUE4a4lJQ29RfwVkdKGMeJ5ITBj2UPTupzk3E2sQ8j5OoLs7pIwjptxBXjBiW5_lDbACwmmRcZ9vnLCtiIhMUcLX8eYpNE.nCUIWKwlpbyLk0MDumUlSbhWBlMKPWnR.DBxNGxyZ4Bamy8fLlJroDoQRp3ObEJdIuB7HLoykSBjS.TER6OF0dCG7JR8A5mUjHybO3PkKDMDik_x0LBfkLH5HqQK79iLczhV9_X1tF5G.igD1od4LFc85nJ9B6oJ5_vwcmmRYFNEhkADLodFZ967s7GtsPd1Bv71lvUkWIdTCbvvkxeWKpDcWuXmPjRLTE99x_Zpeabwsi1j9_TJToyOfRrLLlXwciubJK58N7QFvdTrjCH5qrLxO6GwcZUUOOHnD15QpnfOwsmsJRHQ.jzna4enuz3_.qNVF21vnWD9TevcgBORPVxZN5DeYMSpLr2vZj9USsaViTJxv28txs9I4KZMLyLsFuQ4n3PIwJ5lnl2cMhmhLsi0FW3YWZlvfqIW3EHFgjieo_UxtFlZ.0fHF92WtxNNLnBN8",mdrd: "E0O1nNbw85Ovmrg0XS79dmyIDDqLIJ.uYPLmM65_hCM-1739794022-1.2.1.1-qq.aj3piKREP0MaMoU1JkGK8.FMRkliboMSXO.S6QGarfJWRucmlNWJOQBBLHLVu4MgyWVGgx62Bpkb_M0NPKtRtmGSl_u2hW3yGAhJEnmkUKU7fsfM_vil2FSpi4j72pDBh5b99oCxCpQQu_wM.Goqdds3.XtlBd0Lkori2hmGGUmCFUTM_wTNN_h_lelNBCQecFpTphc8wBAcNcg5dg0cOnb0COt_lIFKZMx0QB1yTsa0v3eSNXFxlft5i68dtIbHJxPTFiT2pMWxspCINfT7IilFNehR2OkTC2n8GpmiFV_IuqmN1JFbXeQNnFhRhhvnjQ5C_4k6QUSeCYhJMnWCtglWnGT0SbJFslw7AMujCdEMpYp6ASeK5ylU3uOajxysp6S2WpHW_DbqJDMnujOIZeLAic.rPpGMfei34ylCUCYaTjCuSdgL4D0UZKewCRhJ2YSXru.mGnmjrWlH_Yay48u04cFJZu8WklQDwHQpjYb.9lFZIIs925M0LHOql4Ch.zslVTP.FeSWmjxQhlRCdQH9hWseowVZeJ31t8iE38pSSWo3V6wVIU7vF2AFuimKNJZyDWKeR_QCU_CXHl9XrFmzIjf6mKQWyxdYmKTqp8GQg1fZ2UhKdzpVmO3mU_8EAD0jLweqw42zpUrSAqOnks0XoaagEYQaA3wG6iNcGvyD_kyouehqASMIIOLTv4oL_K_JqUyTBr4bnD.KMa01BzsvTEBSQc2Ovm0NoM_wk0vKD4_s0p9ZPOG9rRZ4BTY4B3lqDt30xhM_Cq4jpnDcEIcII7fc4TZancGklqAays38m4rDFfbNtX7h1syuLicu1AYaCd5WvzVnQd5NJL9W.ki5XJ1xTXi6EBirSapnOGc3oN3_c7V11XSX9oJu_IxckUCNgFSk8bu4I3tC8m1miZhYtEcxH.9sjSQ4ei0V8OID.qNIoLGIkcZX30e.gnw6B8SE.lquSlQtTbN.RfZfhGkePBAex8PlOpItXXmWE_IEITP22Vx8bCCdc5laYY5Jxaom8JnVyNZ.KHlImFZZDCq5L.3EfxenHhnvdQN1FdDycrBYZ6.Zi1asG3.VJFAGb8qYthAOaqeBgaKglRX5xqJDxYm.D_IeCy9h49dDfKopZAu55QQs_GEaWKn3z_sQHFCVv9jzGqe.3n2fJ1wDvYmyXJ4rkSWHrQd9yTn7J7m4uXVQxZUYW6djZ4deNqLQ2iDfHAXfYClKSPr8Guwc2k9QENKppZZjHCy7U03RGbrXKa_6si319eaXp5vHhOACqh6o3tkpwOjTW26WMyJAKQZTiim1s8Di11akKbD3qk3sefJ5AXohFf9l70j.JwCNkUYPoGwfP9o4ZzcslzHzAR6_5asnCPxrUMjt_eQoo81_9EXdwvVGr_drpuZcqt_x3kk5edHy4xzk95TwKASF0LcyishS1xDFgdo0X.sK7EMvcHqaTwBvtURSV6qyNJV8DOGKjVnbdph3EicntNmCvK6PJoPohXtad0pMr01WUwufqkACpz3nLJ7_4RAxjp6SK5ey89Us8QLWMag.8TqT8ceyZtO.TawQBZcrNJBwa4CWx2mi6gI9A5k.uvkuC0GndIVMX0ALGenSfESjDI.bSAQ0iicS4B.6zlL16GemLXIhR9DT40_6qNp_BdBdBpK_vct0wZMNptzKZcG_3aOGpQZjRzVGiM3TMoRJGwnDzl6o2wG5xk5HLpwrhANNSTCzR78h84Mx72_jZg6O0G0ejt2veiE2sqNrIPCceVW6eY64Sjzp0GYdw8lYW6n8wvk5fhRAYED0ZoqvxiF7VW1Mzutb5.e2.8I6X5ZrGg9fJtgYAA4prG.cJimQVVU36lEtifSYRybkIWAJ4Sf6tYPS99uHjve0AVlecTM8OUaSDSq2wsa8I_U1gqWmbWln7RRiWPsv.m7ZToA9Jq1EoWVyoXLVWc895g9zueUfXNC2jpStrX6RU5wXNrdezsbUiOUJcMHDs4XHpxe8iqA.80A"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9135a7a1f95e5859';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=P.%20A.%20Khan&__cf_chl_rt_tk=FIWfx6bBQ3p7cQT9P88E_ffAgxew823BvknCLJNvJ_8-1739794022-1.0.1.1-PGU4uhtrkx845_fGVVGDiN_9JiFONQezLePwFEMhf70" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>