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class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ban Johnson</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American baseball executive</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Ban Johnson</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Ban_Johnson,_1921.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Ban_Johnson%2C_1921.jpg/220px-Ban_Johnson%2C_1921.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Ban_Johnson%2C_1921.jpg/330px-Ban_Johnson%2C_1921.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Ban_Johnson%2C_1921.jpg/440px-Ban_Johnson%2C_1921.jpg 2x" data-file-width="709" data-file-height="780" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Ban Johnson in 1921</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1864-01-05</span>)</span>January 5, 1864<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Norwalk,_Ohio" title="Norwalk, Ohio">Norwalk, Ohio</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">March 28, 1931<span style="display:none">(1931-03-28)</span> (aged 67)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">St. Louis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a>, U.S.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupations</th><td class="infobox-data role"><a href="/wiki/American_League" title="American League">American League</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_American_League_presidents" title="List of American League presidents">president</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Baseball player</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334398">.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio{border-collapse:collapse}.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio td,.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio th{border:1px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio .borderless td,.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio .borderless th{border:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio .infobox-below{background-color:#eee}.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-batsthrows{display:flex;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-batsthrows>div{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-batsthrows div:first-child{border-right:1px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-member-header{background-color:#9A1C1F}.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-member-header a,.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-member>th>a{color:white}.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-former .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-teams .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-highlights .infobox-full-data{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-module{width:100%;background-color:var(--background-color-base,#f9f9f9)}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-member-header{background:#3d0001}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-member[style*="background"]{background:#0c0a6b!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-member-header{background:#3d0001}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-baseball-bio-member[style*="background"]{background:#0c0a6b!important}}</style><hr /><b>Baseball career</b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="ib-baseball-bio-member-header"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/National_Baseball_Hall_of_Fame_and_Museum" title="National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum">Member of the National</a></th></tr><tr class="nowrap ib-baseball-bio-member" style="background:#272662;"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Empty_Star.svg/15px-Empty_Star.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Empty_Star.svg/23px-Empty_Star.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Empty_Star.svg/30px-Empty_Star.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Empty_Star.svg/15px-Empty_Star.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Empty_Star.svg/23px-Empty_Star.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Empty_Star.svg/30px-Empty_Star.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Empty_Star.svg/15px-Empty_Star.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Empty_Star.svg/23px-Empty_Star.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Empty_Star.svg/30px-Empty_Star.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/National_Baseball_Hall_of_Fame_and_Museum" title="National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum">Baseball Hall of Fame</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Empty_Star.svg/15px-Empty_Star.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Empty_Star.svg/23px-Empty_Star.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Empty_Star.svg/30px-Empty_Star.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Empty_Star.svg/15px-Empty_Star.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Empty_Star.svg/23px-Empty_Star.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Empty_Star.svg/30px-Empty_Star.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Empty_Star.svg/15px-Empty_Star.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Empty_Star.svg/23px-Empty_Star.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Empty_Star.svg/30px-Empty_Star.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:right; padding-right:0.5em;">Induction</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/1937_Baseball_Hall_of_Fame_balloting" title="1937 Baseball Hall of Fame balloting">1937</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:right; padding-right:0.5em;">Election method</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0.5em;">Centennial Commission</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Byron Bancroft Johnson</b> (January 5, 1864 – March 28, 1931) was an American executive in <a href="/wiki/Professional_baseball" title="Professional baseball">professional baseball</a> who served as the founder and first president of the <a href="/wiki/American_League" title="American League">American League</a> (AL). </p><p>Johnson developed the AL—a descendant of the minor league <a href="/wiki/Western_League_(U.S._baseball)" class="mw-redirect" title="Western League (U.S. baseball)">Western League</a>—into a "clean" alternative to the <a href="/wiki/National_League_(baseball)" title="National League (baseball)">National League</a>, which had become notorious for its rough-and-tumble atmosphere.<sup id="cite_ref-bjohnson&al_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bjohnson&al-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To encourage a more orderly environment, Johnson strongly supported the new league's umpires, which eventually included Hall of Famer <a href="/wiki/Billy_Evans" title="Billy Evans">Billy Evans</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt-01-24-56_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-01-24-56-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the help of league owners and managers such as <a href="/wiki/Charles_Comiskey" title="Charles Comiskey">Charles Comiskey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Somers" title="Charles Somers">Charles Somers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_McAleer" title="Jimmy McAleer">Jimmy McAleer</a>, Johnson lured top talent to the AL, which soon rivaled the more established National League. Johnson dominated the AL until the mid-1920s, when a public dispute with baseball commissioner <a href="/wiki/Kenesaw_Mountain_Landis" title="Kenesaw Mountain Landis">Kenesaw Mountain Landis</a> culminated in his forced resignation as league president. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Western_League">The Western League</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ban_Johnson&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: The Western League"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Born in <a href="/wiki/Norwalk,_Ohio" title="Norwalk, Ohio">Norwalk, Ohio</a>, Johnson went on to study law at <a href="/wiki/Marietta_College" title="Marietta College">Marietta College</a>, although he did not take his degree. He subsequently became the sports editor of a newspaper in <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati">Cincinnati</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bjohnson&al_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bjohnson&al-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this time, Johnson befriended <a href="/wiki/Charles_Comiskey" title="Charles Comiskey">Charles Comiskey</a>, who was then manager of the <a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Reds" title="Cincinnati Reds">Cincinnati Reds</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bjohnson&al_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bjohnson&al-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the urging of Comiskey and Reds owner <a href="/wiki/John_T._Brush" title="John T. Brush">John T. Brush</a>, Johnson was elected as president of the Western League, a faltering <a href="/wiki/Minor_league_baseball" class="mw-redirect" title="Minor league baseball">minor league</a>, at a reorganization meeting held in 1894.<sup id="cite_ref-bjohnson&al_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bjohnson&al-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ban_Johnson,_President,_American_League_-_DPLA_-_f928790c9404dc08193229878f98f2ea.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ban_Johnson%2C_President%2C_American_League_-_DPLA_-_f928790c9404dc08193229878f98f2ea.jpg/180px-Ban_Johnson%2C_President%2C_American_League_-_DPLA_-_f928790c9404dc08193229878f98f2ea.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="283" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ban_Johnson%2C_President%2C_American_League_-_DPLA_-_f928790c9404dc08193229878f98f2ea.jpg/270px-Ban_Johnson%2C_President%2C_American_League_-_DPLA_-_f928790c9404dc08193229878f98f2ea.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ban_Johnson%2C_President%2C_American_League_-_DPLA_-_f928790c9404dc08193229878f98f2ea.jpg/360px-Ban_Johnson%2C_President%2C_American_League_-_DPLA_-_f928790c9404dc08193229878f98f2ea.jpg 2x" data-file-width="509" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Ban Johnson, President, American League, [ca. 1910]. Michael T. "Nuf Ced" McGreevy Collection, Boston Public Library</figcaption></figure> <p>Johnson had criticized the National League for its rowdy atmosphere, which was driving away families and women.<sup id="cite_ref-bjohnson&al_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bjohnson&al-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He set about making baseball more friendly to both. Contrary to the practice of the time, Johnson gave his <a href="/wiki/Umpire_(baseball)" title="Umpire (baseball)">umpires</a> unqualified support and had little tolerance for players or managers who failed to show them due respect.<sup id="cite_ref-deadball_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-deadball-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Johnson also fined and suspended players who used foul language on the field. Soon, the Western League was recognized as not only the strongest minor league, but also as the most effectively managed league in all of baseball.<sup id="cite_ref-deadball_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-deadball-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Formation_of_the_American_League">Formation of the American League</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ban_Johnson&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Formation of the American League"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Teams_of_the_American_League_(2350728586).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Teams_of_the_American_League_%282350728586%29.jpg/220px-Teams_of_the_American_League_%282350728586%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Teams_of_the_American_League_%282350728586%29.jpg/330px-Teams_of_the_American_League_%282350728586%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Teams_of_the_American_League_%282350728586%29.jpg/440px-Teams_of_the_American_League_%282350728586%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="587" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Ban Johnson (center) surrounded by the individual portraits of the eight American League teams</figcaption></figure> <p>Johnson, however, had a bigger plan—another major league. With the help of Comiskey, who had purchased the <a href="/wiki/Sioux_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Sioux City">Sioux City</a> franchise and moved it to <a href="/wiki/St._Paul,_Minnesota" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Paul, Minnesota">St. Paul</a> in 1894 after leaving the Reds, Johnson initiated an ambitious plan of expansion. He got his chance after the 1899 season, when the National League dropped teams in <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">Cleveland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">Louisville</a> and Washington, D.C.<sup id="cite_ref-bjohnson&al_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bjohnson&al-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Johnson moved the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Rapids,_Michigan" title="Grand Rapids, Michigan">Grand Rapids</a> franchise to Cleveland, where they would eventually become the <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Indians" class="mw-redirect" title="Cleveland Indians">Indians</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bjohnson&al_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bjohnson&al-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also had Comiskey move his Saint Paul team to <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>, where they eventually became the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_White_Sox" title="Chicago White Sox">White Sox</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bjohnson&al_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bjohnson&al-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The latter move was made with the blessing of the NL, which saw Comiskey's team as a way to head off any attempt to revive the <a href="/wiki/American_Association_(19th_century)" class="mw-redirect" title="American Association (19th century)">American Association</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bjohnson&al_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bjohnson&al-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For the 1900 season, the Western League was renamed as the American League, although it remained a minor league.<sup id="cite_ref-bjohnson&al_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bjohnson&al-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 1900 season was an unequivocal success, and Johnson received a 10-year contract extension.<sup id="cite_ref-bjohnson&al_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bjohnson&al-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October, he withdrew the AL from the National Agreement (the formal understanding between the NL and the minor leagues). The final step came on January 28, 1901, when he declared the AL would operate as a major league. He then placed teams in Baltimore, <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a> and Washington.<sup id="cite_ref-bjohnson&al_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bjohnson&al-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Buffalo_Bisons_(1886%E2%80%931970)" title="Buffalo Bisons (1886–1970)">Buffalo Bisons</a> were to be a member of the new American League and their manager Franklin was told right up to January 29, 1901, that "Buffalo was in the league and not to worry." Johnson then unceremoniously dumped Buffalo and placed the franchise in Boston. It was later revealed that he not only had been negotiating surreptitiously with Boston people for several months, but also that he had money invested in the Boston franchise.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2011)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Johnson also had a large stake in the Washington franchise, which he kept until 1903. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="A_baseball_power">A baseball power</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ban_Johnson&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: A baseball power"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The NL then made a critical blunder by limiting salaries to $2,400 – a low sum even by 1901 standards. Johnson, Comiskey and the other AL owners responded by raiding NL rosters, promising disgruntled players much higher salaries. Over 100 players "jumped" to the new league. After a two-year war in which the AL trounced the NL in attendance both seasons, the NL sued for peace.<sup id="cite_ref-bjohnson&al_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bjohnson&al-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under a new National Agreement, the AL was formally recognized as the second major league. A three-man <a href="/wiki/National_Baseball_Commission" title="National Baseball Commission">National Commission</a> was set up, composed of both league presidents and Reds owner <a href="/wiki/Garry_Herrmann" class="mw-redirect" title="Garry Herrmann">Garry Herrmann</a>. Although Herrmann was nominal president of the commission, Johnson soon dominated the body.<sup id="cite_ref-bjohnson&al_1-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bjohnson&al-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:National_Baseball_Commission,_Jan._1909-Left_to_right-_Harry_Pulliam,_Aug._Herrmann,_Ban_Johnson,_J.E._Bruce,_Secy._LCCN96510166.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/National_Baseball_Commission%2C_Jan._1909-Left_to_right-_Harry_Pulliam%2C_Aug._Herrmann%2C_Ban_Johnson%2C_J.E._Bruce%2C_Secy._LCCN96510166.jpg/300px-National_Baseball_Commission%2C_Jan._1909-Left_to_right-_Harry_Pulliam%2C_Aug._Herrmann%2C_Ban_Johnson%2C_J.E._Bruce%2C_Secy._LCCN96510166.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/National_Baseball_Commission%2C_Jan._1909-Left_to_right-_Harry_Pulliam%2C_Aug._Herrmann%2C_Ban_Johnson%2C_J.E._Bruce%2C_Secy._LCCN96510166.jpg/450px-National_Baseball_Commission%2C_Jan._1909-Left_to_right-_Harry_Pulliam%2C_Aug._Herrmann%2C_Ban_Johnson%2C_J.E._Bruce%2C_Secy._LCCN96510166.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/National_Baseball_Commission%2C_Jan._1909-Left_to_right-_Harry_Pulliam%2C_Aug._Herrmann%2C_Ban_Johnson%2C_J.E._Bruce%2C_Secy._LCCN96510166.jpg/600px-National_Baseball_Commission%2C_Jan._1909-Left_to_right-_Harry_Pulliam%2C_Aug._Herrmann%2C_Ban_Johnson%2C_J.E._Bruce%2C_Secy._LCCN96510166.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="1051" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/National_Baseball_Commission" title="National Baseball Commission">National Baseball Commission</a> in 1909: <a href="/wiki/Harry_Pulliam" title="Harry Pulliam">Harry Pulliam</a> <i>(far left)</i>, <a href="/wiki/August_Herrmann" title="August Herrmann">August Herrmann</a> <i>(middle left)</i>, Johnson <i>(middle right)</i>, and <a href="/wiki/John_E._Bruce" title="John E. Bruce">John E. Bruce</a> <i>(far right)</i></figcaption></figure> <p>Johnson did not tolerate criticism, and made it very difficult for men he didn't like to buy into the league. For instance, when <a href="/wiki/Harry_Frazee" title="Harry Frazee">Harry Frazee</a> bought the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Red_Sox" title="Boston Red Sox">Boston Red Sox</a> in 1917, Johnson tried almost from the start to drive him out because Frazee had not been hand-picked by Johnson.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt-01-01-22_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-01-01-22-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At one point, Johnson even had ownership interests in the Cleveland and <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Twins" title="Minnesota Twins">Washington</a> teams. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Downfall">Downfall</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ban_Johnson&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Downfall"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Ban_Johnson" title="Special:EditPage/Ban Johnson">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The Frazee dispute planted the seed for Johnson's downfall. Eventually, the league divided into two factions, with the Red Sox, White Sox and <a href="/wiki/New_York_Yankees" title="New York Yankees">New York Yankees</a> on one side (commonly known as "The Insurrectos") and the other five clubs (the Indians, <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Athletics" title="Philadelphia Athletics">Philadelphia Athletics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saint_Louis_Browns" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Louis Browns">St. Louis Browns</a>, <a href="/wiki/Detroit_Tigers" title="Detroit Tigers">Detroit Tigers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Washington_Senators_(1901%E2%80%9360)" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Senators (1901–60)">Washington Senators</a>, known as the "Loyal Five") on the other. By this time, Comiskey had become a bitter enemy of Johnson; the two men's once warm friendship had strained considerably. Johnson's authority eroded further that year when the Red Sox traded <a href="/wiki/Carl_Mays" title="Carl Mays">Carl Mays</a> to the Yankees in defiance of a Johnson order to suspend him after Mays had jumped the club. The Yankees went to court and received an injunction to allow Mays to play, as Johnson had demonstrated throughout the proceedings that his investment in the <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Indians" class="mw-redirect" title="Cleveland Indians">Cleveland Indians</a> hindered his ability to be impartial. </p><p>The final nail in Johnson's coffin proved to be the <a href="/wiki/Black_Sox_Scandal" title="Black Sox Scandal">Black Sox Scandal</a>. Johnson paid no attention to Comiskey's claims that his White Sox may have been on the take from gamblers. However, when the scandal broke after the 1920 season, the White Sox, Red Sox and Yankees threatened to pull out of the AL and join a new 12-team National League. The enlarged league would include a new team in Detroit unrelated to the Tigers, who were owned by Johnson loyalist <a href="/wiki/Frank_Navin" title="Frank Navin">Frank Navin</a>. However, Navin was in no mood for another war and persuaded the other five clubs to agree to appoint a new National Commission of non-baseball men. Federal District Court Judge <a href="/wiki/Kenesaw_Mountain_Landis" title="Kenesaw Mountain Landis">Kenesaw Mountain Landis</a> was appointed as chairman. However, Landis would accept an appointment only as sole <a href="/wiki/Commissioner_of_Baseball" class="mw-redirect" title="Commissioner of Baseball">Commissioner of Baseball</a>, with unlimited power over the game. The owners were still reeling from the damage to baseball's reputation due to the Black Sox Scandal, and readily agreed to Landis' demands. </p><p>Under the circumstances, a clash between the iron-willed Johnson and the iron-willed Landis was inevitable, and it happened prior to the <a href="/wiki/1924_World_Series" title="1924 World Series">1924 World Series</a>. Landis banned two <a href="/wiki/New_York_Giants_(NL)" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Giants (NL)">New York Giants</a> from the Series for attempting to bribe members of the <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Phillies" title="Philadelphia Phillies">Philadelphia Phillies</a> late in the season. After <a href="/wiki/Frankie_Frisch" title="Frankie Frisch">Frankie Frisch</a> and two other Giants stars were implicated, only to be cleared by Landis, Johnson demanded that the Series be canceled. He publicly criticized Landis for his handling of the affair, and Landis threatened to resign if the AL owners didn't rein Johnson in. After the Series, the AL owners promised to remove Johnson from office if he stepped out of line again. Johnson remained on good behavior for two years, even getting an extension of his contract to 1935 and a raise to $40,000 (he had previously made $25,000). </p><p>However, in 1926, Johnson criticized Landis for granting <a href="/wiki/Ty_Cobb" title="Ty Cobb">Ty Cobb</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tris_Speaker" title="Tris Speaker">Tris Speaker</a> an amnesty after evidence surfaced that they had fixed a game in 1919. Landis demanded that the AL choose between him and Johnson. The AL owners were prepared to remove Johnson from office at their annual meeting in January 1927. Because Johnson was in ill health at the time, the owners decided to put him on an indefinite sabbatical instead. Johnson tried to return in the spring and acted as if nothing had changed. However, the situation had become untenable, and Johnson was forced to resign at the end of the season. Frank Navin served as acting president of the American League until the owners selected Indians general manager <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Barnard" title="Ernest Barnard">Ernest Barnard</a> as president. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ban_Johnson_HOF_plaque.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Ban_Johnson_HOF_plaque.jpg/110px-Ban_Johnson_HOF_plaque.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Ban_Johnson_HOF_plaque.jpg/165px-Ban_Johnson_HOF_plaque.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Ban_Johnson_HOF_plaque.jpg/220px-Ban_Johnson_HOF_plaque.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2233" data-file-height="2616" /></a><figcaption>Johnson's plaque at the <a href="/wiki/National_Baseball_Hall_of_Fame_and_Museum" title="National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum">Baseball Hall of Fame</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ban_Johnson&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Johnson died on March 28, 1931, at age 67, in <a href="/wiki/St._Louis,_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Louis, Missouri">St. Louis, Missouri</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-nbhf_johnson_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nbhf_johnson-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> just a few hours after his successor, Ernest Barnard. Johnson was elected to the <a href="/wiki/Baseball_Hall_of_Fame" class="mw-redirect" title="Baseball Hall of Fame">Baseball Hall of Fame</a> in <a href="/wiki/1937_Baseball_Hall_of_Fame_balloting" title="1937 Baseball Hall of Fame balloting">1937</a> as one of its charter members. The athletic fieldhouse at <a href="/wiki/Marietta_College" title="Marietta College">Marietta College</a> is named in his honor. He was laid to rest at Riverside Cemetery in <a href="/wiki/Spencer,_Indiana" title="Spencer, Indiana">Spencer, Indiana</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Will_Harridge" title="Will Harridge">Will Harridge</a>, who succeeded to the AL presidency in 1931, summed up Johnson's legacy: "He was the most brilliant man the game has ever known. He was more responsible for making baseball the national game than anyone in the history of the sport".<sup id="cite_ref-nbhf_johnson_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nbhf_johnson-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Jayhawk_Collegiate_League" title="Jayhawk Collegiate League">Jayhawk Collegiate League</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Liberal,_Kansas" title="Liberal, Kansas">Liberal</a> Bee Jays are named in Johnson's honor.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ban_Johnson&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-bjohnson&al-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bjohnson&al_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bjohnson&al_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bjohnson&al_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bjohnson&al_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bjohnson&al_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bjohnson&al_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bjohnson&al_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bjohnson&al_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bjohnson&al_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bjohnson&al_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bjohnson&al_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bjohnson&al_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bjohnson&al_1-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bjohnson&al_1-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20080617183524/http://www.athomeplate.com/alforms.shtml">"What Every Fan Should Know: Ban Johnson and the Birth of the American League"</a>. At Home Plate. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://athomeplate.com/alforms.shtml">the original</a> on June 17, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 26,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+Every+Fan+Should+Know%3A+Ban+Johnson+and+the+Birth+of+the+American+League&rft.pub=At+Home+Plate&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fathomeplate.com%2Falforms.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABan+Johnson" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt-01-24-56-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nyt-01-24-56_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Billy Evans Dies in Miami at 71; Major League Umpire 22 Years". <i>The New York Times</i>. January 24, 1956.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Billy+Evans+Dies+in+Miami+at+71%3B+Major+League+Umpire+22+Years&rft.date=1956-01-24&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABan+Johnson" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-deadball-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-deadball_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-deadball_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thedeadballera.com/BadBoneSpiders.html">"Bad to the Bone"</a>. The Deadball Era<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 19,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bad+to+the+Bone&rft.pub=The+Deadball+Era&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedeadballera.com%2FBadBoneSpiders.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABan+Johnson" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt-01-01-22-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nyt-01-01-22_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Says Ban Johnson Broke Agreement: Harry Frazee Recalls Famous Peace Pact Signed by Baseball Officials". <i>The New York Times</i>. January 1, 1922.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Says+Ban+Johnson+Broke+Agreement%3A+Harry+Frazee+Recalls+Famous+Peace+Pact+Signed+by+Baseball+Officials&rft.date=1922-01-01&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABan+Johnson" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nbhf_johnson-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nbhf_johnson_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nbhf_johnson_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://baseballhall.org/hall-of-famers/johnson-ban">"Ban Johnson"</a>. National Baseball Hall of Fame<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 14,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ban+Johnson&rft.pub=National+Baseball+Hall+of+Fame&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbaseballhall.org%2Fhall-of-famers%2Fjohnson-ban&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABan+Johnson" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cityofliberal.org/197/Bee-Jays-Semi-Pro-Baseball">"Bee Jays Semi-Pro Baseball"</a>. City of Liberal [KS]<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 14,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bee+Jays+Semi-Pro+Baseball&rft.pub=City+of+Liberal+%5BKS%5D&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cityofliberal.org%2F197%2FBee-Jays-Semi-Pro-Baseball&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABan+Johnson" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ban_Johnson&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Baseball.svg/28px-Baseball.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Baseball.svg/42px-Baseball.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Baseball.svg/56px-Baseball.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="520" data-file-height="520" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Baseball" title="Portal:Baseball">Baseball portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://baseballhall.org/hall-of-famers/johnson-byron">Ban Johnson</a> at the <a href="/wiki/National_Baseball_Hall_of_Fame_and_Museum" title="National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum">Baseball Hall of Fame</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/1578">Ban Johnson</a> at <a 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Museum">Baseball Hall of Fame</a> <a href="/wiki/1937_Baseball_Hall_of_Fame_balloting" title="1937 Baseball Hall of Fame balloting">Class of 1937</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Baseball_Writers%27_Association_of_America" title="Baseball Writers' Association of America">BBWAA Vote</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nap_Lajoie" title="Nap Lajoie">Nap Lajoie</a> (83.6%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tris_Speaker" title="Tris Speaker">Tris Speaker</a> (82.1%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cy_Young" title="Cy Young">Cy Young</a> (76.1%)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Centennial Commission</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Bulkeley" title="Morgan Bulkeley">Morgan Bulkeley</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ban Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connie_Mack" title="Connie Mack">Connie Mack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McGraw" title="John McGraw">John McGraw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Wright_(sportsman)" title="George Wright (sportsman)">George Wright</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Members_of_the_National_Baseball_Hall_of_Fame" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link 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title="National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum">National Baseball Hall of Fame</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pitchers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland_Alexander" title="Grover Cleveland Alexander">Alexander</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chief_Bender" title="Chief Bender">Bender</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bert_Blyleven" title="Bert Blyleven">Blyleven</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mordecai_Brown" title="Mordecai Brown">M. Brown</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ray_Brown_(Negro_leagues_pitcher)" title="Ray Brown (Negro leagues pitcher)">R. Brown</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Bunning" title="Jim Bunning">Bunning</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steve_Carlton" title="Steve Carlton">Carlton</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Chesbro" title="Jack Chesbro">Chesbro</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Clarkson" title="John Clarkson">Clarkson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Andy_Cooper" title="Andy Cooper">Cooper</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stan_Coveleski" title="Stan Coveleski">Coveleski</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leon_Day" title="Leon Day">Day</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dizzy_Dean" title="Dizzy Dean">Dean</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_Dihigo" title="Martín Dihigo">Dihigo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Don_Drysdale" title="Don Drysdale">Drysdale</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Eckersley" title="Dennis Eckersley">Eckersley</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Red_Faber" title="Red Faber">Faber</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Feller" title="Bob Feller">Feller</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rollie_Fingers" title="Rollie Fingers">Fingers</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Whitey_Ford" title="Whitey Ford">Ford</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Foster_(baseball)" title="Bill Foster (baseball)">B. Foster</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pud_Galvin" title="Pud Galvin">Galvin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Gibson" title="Bob Gibson">B. Gibson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Glavine" title="Tom Glavine">Glavine</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lefty_Gomez" title="Lefty Gomez">Gomez</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Goose_Gossage" title="Goose Gossage">Gossage</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Burleigh_Grimes" title="Burleigh Grimes">Grimes</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lefty_Grove" title="Lefty Grove">Grove</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Haines" title="Jesse Haines">Haines</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roy_Halladay" title="Roy Halladay">Halladay</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Trevor_Hoffman" title="Trevor Hoffman">Hoffman</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Waite_Hoyt" title="Waite Hoyt">Hoyt</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Hubbell" title="Carl Hubbell">Hubbell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Catfish_Hunter" title="Catfish Hunter">Hunter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ferguson_Jenkins" title="Ferguson Jenkins">Jenkins</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Randy_Johnson" title="Randy Johnson">R. Johnson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Johnson" title="Walter Johnson">W. Johnson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Addie_Joss" title="Addie Joss">Joss</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Kaat" title="Jim Kaat">Kaat</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tim_Keefe" title="Tim Keefe">Keefe</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sandy_Koufax" title="Sandy Koufax">Koufax</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Lemon" title="Bob Lemon">Lemon</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ted_Lyons" title="Ted Lyons">Lyons</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Greg_Maddux" title="Greg Maddux">Maddux</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Juan_Marichal" title="Juan Marichal">Marichal</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rube_Marquard" title="Rube Marquard">Marquard</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Mart%C3%ADnez" title="Pedro Martínez">P. Martínez</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Christy_Mathewson" title="Christy Mathewson">Mathewson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joe_McGinnity" title="Joe McGinnity">McGinnity</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_M%C3%A9ndez" title="José Méndez">Méndez</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Morris" title="Jack Morris">Morris</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Mussina" title="Mike Mussina">Mussina</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hal_Newhouser" title="Hal Newhouser">Newhouser</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kid_Nichols" title="Kid Nichols">Nichols</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Phil_Niekro" title="Phil Niekro">Niekro</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Satchel_Paige" title="Satchel Paige">Paige</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Palmer" title="Jim Palmer">Palmer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Herb_Pennock" title="Herb Pennock">Pennock</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gaylord_Perry" title="Gaylord Perry">Perry</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Plank" title="Eddie Plank">Plank</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Radbourn" title="Charles Radbourn">Radbourn</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mariano_Rivera" title="Mariano Rivera">Rivera</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eppa_Rixey" title="Eppa Rixey">Rixey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robin_Roberts_(baseball)" title="Robin Roberts (baseball)">Roberts</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bullet_Rogan" title="Bullet Rogan">Rogan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Red_Ruffing" title="Red Ruffing">Ruffing</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Amos_Rusie" title="Amos Rusie">Rusie</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nolan_Ryan" title="Nolan Ryan">Ryan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Seaver" title="Tom Seaver">Seaver</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hilton_Smith" title="Hilton Smith">H. Smith</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lee_Smith_(baseball)" title="Lee Smith (baseball)">L. Smith</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Smoltz" title="John Smoltz">Smoltz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Warren_Spahn" title="Warren Spahn">Spahn</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Sutter" title="Bruce Sutter">Sutter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Don_Sutton" title="Don Sutton">Sutton</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dazzy_Vance" title="Dazzy Vance">Vance</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rube_Waddell" title="Rube Waddell">Waddell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ed_Walsh" title="Ed Walsh">Walsh</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mickey_Welch" title="Mickey Welch">Welch</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hoyt_Wilhelm" title="Hoyt Wilhelm">Wilhelm</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Smokey_Joe_Williams" title="Smokey Joe Williams">J. Williams</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vic_Willis" title="Vic Willis">Willis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Early_Wynn" title="Early Wynn">Wynn</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cy_Young" title="Cy Young">Young</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Catchers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Bench" title="Johnny Bench">Bench</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yogi_Berra" title="Yogi Berra">Berra</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roger_Bresnahan" title="Roger Bresnahan">Bresnahan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roy_Campanella" title="Roy Campanella">Campanella</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gary_Carter" title="Gary Carter">Carter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mickey_Cochrane" title="Mickey Cochrane">Cochrane</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Dickey" title="Bill Dickey">Dickey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Buck_Ewing" title="Buck Ewing">Ewing</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rick_Ferrell" title="Rick Ferrell">Ferrell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carlton_Fisk" title="Carlton Fisk">Fisk</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Josh_Gibson" title="Josh Gibson">J. Gibson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gabby_Hartnett" title="Gabby Hartnett">Hartnett</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ernie_Lombardi" title="Ernie Lombardi">Lombardi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Biz_Mackey" title="Biz Mackey">Mackey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Mauer" title="Joe Mauer">Mauer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Piazza" title="Mike Piazza">Piazza</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Iv%C3%A1n_Rodr%C3%ADguez" title="Iván Rodríguez">Rodríguez</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Louis_Santop" title="Louis Santop">Santop</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ray_Schalk" title="Ray Schalk">Schalk</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ted_Simmons" title="Ted Simmons">T. Simmons</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">First basemen</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cap_Anson" title="Cap Anson">Anson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Bagwell" title="Jeff Bagwell">Bagwell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jake_Beckley" title="Jake Beckley">Beckley</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Bottomley" title="Jim Bottomley">Bottomley</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dan_Brouthers" title="Dan Brouthers">Brouthers</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Orlando_Cepeda" title="Orlando Cepeda">Cepeda</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Chance" title="Frank Chance">Chance</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roger_Connor" title="Roger Connor">Connor</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jimmie_Foxx" title="Jimmie Foxx">Foxx</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lou_Gehrig" title="Lou Gehrig">Gehrig</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hank_Greenberg" title="Hank Greenberg">Greenberg</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Todd_Helton" title="Todd Helton">Helton</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gil_Hodges" title="Gil Hodges">Hodges</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Kelly_(baseball)" title="George Kelly (baseball)">G. Kelly</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harmon_Killebrew" title="Harmon Killebrew">Killebrew</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Buck_Leonard" title="Buck Leonard">Leonard</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Willie_McCovey" title="Willie McCovey">McCovey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fred_McGriff" title="Fred McGriff">McGriff</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Mize" title="Johnny Mize">Mize</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Murray" title="Eddie Murray">Murray</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tony_P%C3%A9rez" title="Tony Pérez">Pérez</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Sisler" title="George Sisler">Sisler</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mule_Suttles" title="Mule Suttles">Suttles</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ben_Taylor_(first_baseman,_born_1888)" title="Ben Taylor (first baseman, born 1888)">Taylor</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Terry" title="Bill Terry">Terry</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Thomas_(designated_hitter)" title="Frank Thomas (designated hitter)">Thomas</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Thome" title="Jim Thome">Thome</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Second basemen</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Alomar" title="Roberto Alomar">Alomar</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Craig_Biggio" title="Craig Biggio">Biggio</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rod_Carew" title="Rod Carew">Carew</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Collins" title="Eddie Collins">E. Collins</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Doerr" title="Bobby Doerr">Doerr</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Evers" title="Johnny Evers">Evers</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nellie_Fox" title="Nellie Fox">Fox</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frankie_Frisch" title="Frankie Frisch">Frisch</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Gehringer" title="Charlie Gehringer">Gehringer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Gordon" title="Joe Gordon">Gordon</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Billy_Herman" title="Billy Herman">Herman</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rogers_Hornsby" title="Rogers Hornsby">Hornsby</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nap_Lajoie" title="Nap Lajoie">Lajoie</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Lazzeri" title="Tony Lazzeri">Lazzeri</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Mazeroski" title="Bill Mazeroski">Mazeroski</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bid_McPhee" title="Bid McPhee">McPhee</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Morgan" title="Joe Morgan">Morgan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Robinson" title="Jackie Robinson">J. Robinson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ryne_Sandberg" title="Ryne Sandberg">Sandberg</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Red_Schoendienst" title="Red Schoendienst">Schoendienst</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Third basemen</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Home_Run_Baker" title="Home Run Baker">Baker</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Adri%C3%A1n_Beltr%C3%A9" title="Adrián Beltré">Beltré</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wade_Boggs" title="Wade Boggs">Boggs</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Brett" title="George Brett">Brett</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Collins" title="Jimmy Collins">J. Collins</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ray_Dandridge" title="Ray Dandridge">Dandridge</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Judy_Johnson" title="Judy Johnson">J. Johnson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chipper_Jones" title="Chipper Jones">Jones</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Kell" title="George Kell">Kell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Freddie_Lindstrom" title="Freddie Lindstrom">Lindstrom</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Mathews" title="Eddie Mathews">Mathews</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Molitor" title="Paul Molitor">Molitor</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Brooks_Robinson" title="Brooks Robinson">B. Robinson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Scott_Rolen" title="Scott Rolen">Rolen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ron_Santo" title="Ron Santo">Santo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Schmidt" title="Mike Schmidt">Schmidt</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pie_Traynor" title="Pie Traynor">Traynor</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Deacon_White" title="Deacon White">D. White</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jud_Wilson" title="Jud Wilson">J. Wilson</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Shortstops</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Luis_Aparicio" title="Luis Aparicio">Aparicio</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Luke_Appling" title="Luke Appling">Appling</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dave_Bancroft" title="Dave Bancroft">Bancroft</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ernie_Banks" title="Ernie Banks">Banks</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lou_Boudreau" title="Lou Boudreau">Boudreau</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Cronin" title="Joe Cronin">Cronin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Davis_(baseball)" title="George Davis (baseball)">Davis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Travis_Jackson" title="Travis Jackson">T. Jackson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hughie_Jennings" title="Hughie Jennings">Jennings</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Derek_Jeter" title="Derek Jeter">Jeter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barry_Larkin" title="Barry Larkin">Larkin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Lloyd" title="John Henry Lloyd">Lloyd</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rabbit_Maranville" title="Rabbit Maranville">Maranville</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pee_Wee_Reese" title="Pee Wee Reese">Reese</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cal_Ripken_Jr." title="Cal Ripken Jr.">Ripken Jr.</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Phil_Rizzuto" title="Phil Rizzuto">Rizzuto</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Sewell" title="Joe Sewell">Sewell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ozzie_Smith" title="Ozzie Smith">O. Smith</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Tinker" title="Joe Tinker">Tinker</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Trammell" title="Alan Trammell">Trammell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arky_Vaughan" title="Arky Vaughan">Vaughan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Honus_Wagner" title="Honus Wagner">Wagner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Wallace_(baseball)" title="Bobby Wallace (baseball)">Wallace</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Montgomery_Ward" title="John Montgomery Ward">Ward</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Willie_Wells" title="Willie Wells">Wells</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Robin_Yount" title="Robin Yount">Yount</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Left fielders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lou_Brock" title="Lou Brock">Brock</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Burkett" title="Jesse Burkett">Burkett</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Clarke" title="Fred Clarke">Clarke</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ed_Delahanty" title="Ed Delahanty">Delahanty</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Goose_Goslin" title="Goose Goslin">Goslin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chick_Hafey" title="Chick Hafey">Hafey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rickey_Henderson" title="Rickey Henderson">Henderson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Monte_Irvin" title="Monte Irvin">Irvin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Kelley" title="Joe Kelley">Kelley</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Kiner" title="Ralph Kiner">Kiner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Heinie_Manush" title="Heinie Manush">Manush</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Medwick" title="Joe Medwick">Medwick</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Minnie_Mi%C3%B1oso" title="Minnie Miñoso">Miñoso</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stan_Musial" title="Stan Musial">Musial</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jim_O%27Rourke_(baseball)" title="Jim O'Rourke (baseball)">O'Rourke</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tim_Raines" title="Tim Raines">Raines</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Rice" title="Jim Rice">J. Rice</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Al_Simmons" title="Al Simmons">A. Simmons</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Willie_Stargell" title="Willie Stargell">Stargell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Zack_Wheat" title="Zack Wheat">Wheat</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Billy_Williams" title="Billy Williams">B. Williams</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ted_Williams" title="Ted Williams">T. Williams</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Yastrzemski" title="Carl Yastrzemski">Yastrzemski</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Center fielders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richie_Ashburn" title="Richie Ashburn">Ashburn</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Earl_Averill" title="Earl Averill">Averill</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cool_Papa_Bell" title="Cool Papa Bell">Bell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Willard_Brown" title="Willard Brown">W. Brown</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Max_Carey" title="Max Carey">Carey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Charleston" title="Oscar Charleston">Charleston</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ty_Cobb" title="Ty Cobb">Cobb</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Earle_Combs" title="Earle Combs">Combs</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joe_DiMaggio" title="Joe DiMaggio">DiMaggio</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Larry_Doby" title="Larry Doby">Doby</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Duffy" title="Hugh Duffy">Duffy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ken_Griffey_Jr." title="Ken Griffey Jr.">Griffey Jr.</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Billy_Hamilton_(baseball,_born_1866)" title="Billy Hamilton (baseball, born 1866)">Hamilton</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pete_Hill" title="Pete Hill">Hill</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mickey_Mantle" title="Mickey Mantle">Mantle</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Willie_Mays" title="Willie Mays">Mays</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kirby_Puckett" title="Kirby Puckett">Puckett</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edd_Roush" title="Edd Roush">Roush</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Duke_Snider" title="Duke Snider">Snider</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tris_Speaker" title="Tris Speaker">Speaker</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Turkey_Stearnes" title="Turkey Stearnes">Stearnes</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Crist%C3%B3bal_Torriente" title="Cristóbal Torriente">Torriente</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Waner" title="Lloyd Waner">L. Waner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hack_Wilson" title="Hack Wilson">H. Wilson</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Right fielders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hank_Aaron" title="Hank Aaron">Aaron</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Clemente" title="Roberto Clemente">Clemente</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sam_Crawford" title="Sam Crawford">Crawford</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kiki_Cuyler" title="Kiki Cuyler">Cuyler</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Andre_Dawson" title="Andre Dawson">Dawson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elmer_Flick" title="Elmer Flick">Flick</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Guerrero" title="Vladimir Guerrero">Guerrero</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Gwynn" title="Tony Gwynn">Gwynn</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harry_Heilmann" title="Harry Heilmann">Heilmann</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harry_Hooper" title="Harry Hooper">Hooper</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Reggie_Jackson" title="Reggie Jackson">R. Jackson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Al_Kaline" title="Al Kaline">Kaline</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Willie_Keeler" title="Willie Keeler">Keeler</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/King_Kelly" title="King Kelly">K. Kelly</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Klein" title="Chuck Klein">Klein</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tommy_McCarthy_(baseball)" title="Tommy McCarthy (baseball)">T. McCarthy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Oliva" title="Tony Oliva">Oliva</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mel_Ott" title="Mel Ott">Ott</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sam_Rice" title="Sam Rice">S. Rice</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Robinson" title="Frank Robinson">F. Robinson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Babe_Ruth" title="Babe Ruth">Ruth</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Enos_Slaughter" title="Enos Slaughter">Slaughter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sam_Thompson_(outfielder)" title="Sam Thompson (outfielder)">Thompson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Larry_Walker" title="Larry Walker">Walker</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Waner" title="Paul Waner">P. Waner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dave_Winfield" title="Dave Winfield">Winfield</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ross_Youngs" title="Ross Youngs">Youngs</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Designated hitters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harold_Baines" title="Harold Baines">Baines</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Mart%C3%ADnez" title="Edgar Martínez">E. Martínez</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Ortiz" title="David Ortiz">Ortiz</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Managers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Alston" title="Walter Alston">Alston</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sparky_Anderson" title="Sparky Anderson">Anderson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Cox" title="Bobby Cox">Cox</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leo_Durocher" title="Leo Durocher">Durocher</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rube_Foster" title="Rube Foster">R. Foster</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ned_Hanlon_(baseball)" title="Ned Hanlon (baseball)">Hanlon</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bucky_Harris" title="Bucky Harris">Harris</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Whitey_Herzog" title="Whitey Herzog">Herzog</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Miller_Huggins" title="Miller Huggins">Huggins</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tony_La_Russa" title="Tony La Russa">La Russa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Lasorda" title="Tommy Lasorda">Lasorda</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Leyland" title="Jim Leyland">Leyland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Al_L%C3%B3pez" title="Al López">López</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Connie_Mack" title="Connie Mack">Mack</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joe_McCarthy_(baseball_manager)" title="Joe McCarthy (baseball manager)">J. McCarthy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_McGraw" title="John McGraw">McGraw</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_McKechnie" title="Bill McKechnie">McKechnie</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wilbert_Robinson" title="Wilbert Robinson">W. Robinson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Selee" title="Frank Selee">Selee</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Billy_Southworth" title="Billy Southworth">Southworth</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Casey_Stengel" title="Casey Stengel">Stengel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Torre" title="Joe Torre">Torre</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Earl_Weaver" title="Earl Weaver">Weaver</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dick_Williams" title="Dick Williams">D. Williams</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Executives<br />and pioneers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ed_Barrow" title="Ed Barrow">Barrow</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Bulkeley" title="Morgan Bulkeley">Bulkeley</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Cartwright" title="Alexander Cartwright">Cartwright</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Chadwick_(writer)" title="Henry Chadwick (writer)">Chadwick</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Happy_Chandler" title="Happy Chandler">Chandler</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Comiskey" title="Charles Comiskey">Comiskey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Candy_Cummings" title="Candy Cummings">Cummings</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barney_Dreyfuss" title="Barney Dreyfuss">Dreyfuss</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bud_Fowler" title="Bud Fowler">Fowler</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ford_Frick" title="Ford Frick">Frick</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Warren_Giles" title="Warren Giles">Giles</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pat_Gillick" title="Pat Gillick">Gillick</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Grant_(baseball)" title="Frank Grant (baseball)">Grant</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Clark_Griffith" title="Clark Griffith">Griffith</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Will_Harridge" title="Will Harridge">Harridge</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Hulbert" title="William Hulbert">Hulbert</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">B. Johnson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bowie_Kuhn" title="Bowie Kuhn">Kuhn</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kenesaw_Mountain_Landis" title="Kenesaw Mountain Landis">Landis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Larry_MacPhail" title="Larry MacPhail">La. MacPhail</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lee_MacPhail" title="Lee MacPhail">Le. MacPhail</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Effa_Manley" title="Effa Manley">Manley</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marvin_Miller" title="Marvin Miller">Miller</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Walter_O%27Malley" title="Walter O'Malley">O'Malley</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Buck_O%27Neil" title="Buck O'Neil">O'Neil</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alex_Pompez" title="Alex Pompez">Pompez</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cumberland_Posey" title="Cumberland Posey">Posey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Branch_Rickey" title="Branch Rickey">Rickey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Ruppert" title="Jacob Ruppert">Ruppert</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Schuerholz" title="John Schuerholz">Schuerholz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bud_Selig" title="Bud Selig">Selig</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Spalding" title="Albert Spalding">Spalding</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Veeck" title="Bill Veeck">Veeck</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Weiss_(baseball)" title="George Weiss (baseball)">Weiss</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sol_White" title="Sol White">S. White</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/J._L._Wilkinson" title="J. L. Wilkinson">Wilkinson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Wright_(sportsman)" title="George Wright (sportsman)">G. Wright</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harry_Wright" title="Harry Wright">H. Wright</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Yawkey" title="Tom Yawkey">Yawkey</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Umpires</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Al_Barlick" title="Al Barlick">Barlick</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nestor_Chylak" title="Nestor Chylak">Chylak</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jocko_Conlan" title="Jocko Conlan">Conlan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Connolly_(umpire)" title="Tom Connolly (umpire)">Connolly</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Billy_Evans" title="Billy Evans">Evans</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Doug_Harvey_(umpire)" title="Doug Harvey (umpire)">Harvey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cal_Hubbard" title="Cal Hubbard">Hubbard</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Klem" title="Bill Klem">Klem</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_McGowan" title="Bill McGowan">McGowan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hank_O%27Day" title="Hank O'Day">O'Day</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="American_League_presidents" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:AL_Presidents" title="Template:AL Presidents"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:AL_Presidents" title="Template talk:AL Presidents"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:AL_Presidents" title="Special:EditPage/Template:AL Presidents"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="American_League_presidents" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/American_League" title="American League">American League</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_American_League_presidents" title="List of American League presidents">presidents</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ban Johnson</a> (1901–1927)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Navin" title="Frank Navin">Frank Navin</a> (acting president 1927)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Barnard" title="Ernest Barnard">Ernest Barnard</a> (1927–1931)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Will_Harridge" title="Will Harridge">Will Harridge</a> (1931–1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joe_Cronin" title="Joe Cronin">Joe Cronin</a> (1959–1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lee_MacPhail" title="Lee MacPhail">Lee MacPhail</a> (1973–1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Brown_(third_baseman)" title="Bobby Brown (third baseman)">Bobby Brown</a> (1984–1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gene_Budig" title="Gene Budig">Gene Budig</a> (1994–1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jackie_Autry" title="Jackie Autry">Jackie Autry</a> (honorary, 2000–2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Robinson" title="Frank Robinson">Frank Robinson</a> (honorary, 2015–2019)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Principal_owners_of_the_Minnesota_Twins_franchise" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #091F40 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #E31E34, inset -2px -2px 0 #E31E34; !important;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Minnesota_Twins_owners" title="Template:Minnesota Twins owners"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Minnesota_Twins_owners" title="Template talk:Minnesota Twins owners"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Minnesota_Twins_owners" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Minnesota Twins owners"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Principal_owners_of_the_Minnesota_Twins_franchise" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Minnesota_Twins_owners_and_executives" title="List of Minnesota Twins owners and executives"><span style="background-color: #091F40 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;">Principal owners</span></a> of the <a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Twins" title="Minnesota Twins"><span style="background-color: #091F40 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;"><span style="background-color: #091F40 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;">Minnesota Twins</span></span></a> franchise</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #E31E34 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;">Washington Senators (<a href="/wiki/1901_in_baseball" title="1901 in baseball"><span style="background-color: #E31E34 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;">1901</span></a>–<a href="/wiki/1960_in_baseball" title="1960 in baseball"><span style="background-color: #E31E34 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;">1960</span></a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ban Johnson</a> & <a href="/wiki/Fred_Postal" title="Fred Postal">Fred Postal</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_C._Noyes" title="Thomas C. Noyes">Thomas C. Noyes</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Minor_(baseball)" title="Benjamin Minor (baseball)">Benjamin Minor</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Clark_Griffith" title="Clark Griffith">Clark Griffith</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Calvin_Griffith" title="Calvin Griffith">Calvin Griffith</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #E31E34 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;">Minnesota Twins (<a href="/wiki/1961_in_baseball" title="1961 in baseball"><span style="background-color: #E31E34 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important;">1961</span></a>–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Calvin_Griffith" title="Calvin Griffith">Calvin Griffith</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Pohlad" title="Carl Pohlad">Carl Pohlad</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jim_Pohlad" title="Jim Pohlad">Jim Pohlad</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q766590#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q766590#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q766590#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/100593157">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJkMJfQQ4Fk3fRkchH9CcP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/139311025">Germany</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6086mh1">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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