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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width; initial-scale=1"/><title>Strong's Greek: 2559. κακόω (kakoó) -- To mistreat, to harm, to oppress</title></title><link rel="canonical" href="http://biblehub.com/greek/2559.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/strongsnew2.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/print.css" type="text/css" media="Print" /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; cts.dataset.appid=i;cts.src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/catch_rp.js?cb='+Math.random(); document.head.appendChild(cts); }) (window,document,'head','script','rc-anksrH');</script></head><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="/interlinear/vmenus/acts/12-17.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="//biblehu.com/bmstrongs/greek/2559.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Bible</a> > <a href="/strongs.htm">Strong's</a> > <a href="/englishmans_greek.htm">Greek</a> > 2559</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="../greek/2558.htm" title="2558">◄</a> 2559. kakoó <a href="../greek/2560.htm" title="2560">►</a></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheading">Strong's Lexicon</div><div align="left"><span class="toptitle2">kakoó: To mistreat, to harm, to oppress</span></div><p><span class="tophdg">Original Word: </span><span class="greek">κακόω</span><br><span class="tophdg">Part of Speech: </span>Verb<br><span class="tophdg">Transliteration: </span>kakoó<br><span class="tophdg">Pronunciation: </span>kä-ko'-ō<br><span class="tophdg">Phonetic Spelling: </span>(kak-o'-o)<br><span class="tophdg">Definition: </span>To mistreat, to harm, to oppress<br><span class="tophdg">Meaning: </span>I treat badly, afflict, embitter, make angry.<p><span class="tophdg">Word Origin: </span>Derived from the Greek word κακός (kakos), meaning "bad" or "evil."<p><span class="tophdg">Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: </span>The Hebrew equivalent often associated with the concept of mistreatment or oppression is עָנָה (anah - Strong's H6031), which means to afflict or oppress.<p><span class="tophdg">Usage: </span>The verb κακόω (kakoó) is used in the New Testament to describe the act of causing harm or mistreatment to others. It often conveys a sense of oppression or inflicting evil upon someone. This term is typically used in contexts where individuals or groups are subjected to unjust treatment or persecution.<p><span class="tophdg">Cultural and Historical Background: </span>In the Greco-Roman world, the concept of mistreatment or oppression was not uncommon, especially for early Christians who often faced persecution for their faith. The use of κακόω in the New Testament reflects the reality of the early church's experiences with hostility from both Jewish and Roman authorities. Understanding this term within its historical context highlights the challenges faced by believers in maintaining their faith amidst adversity.<div class="vheading2">HELPS Word-studies</div><p class="discovery"><b>Cognate: 2559</b> <i>kakóō</i> – to inflict <i>misery</i> (ill-treatment, vexation); to harm, injure. <a href="/greek/2556.htm">See 2556</a> (<i>kakos</i>).</p><iframe width="100%" height="85" scrolling=no src="/discovery.htm" frameborder=0 cellpadding=0></iframe><div class="vheading2">NAS Exhaustive Concordance</div><span class="hdg">Word Origin</span><br>from <a href="/greek/2556.htm">kakos</a><br><span class="hdg">Definition</span><br>to ill-treat<br><span class="hdg">NASB Translation</span><br>embittered (1), harm (2), mistreat (1), mistreated (2).<p><div align="center"><span class="smalltext"><iframe width="100%" height="85" scrolling=no src="/nasec.htm" frameborder=0 cellpadding=0></iframe></span></div><div class="vheading2">Thayer's Greek Lexicon</div><span class="maintitle">STRONGS NT 2559: κακόω</span><br><br><span class="arttitle"><span class="grktitle">κακόω</span></span>, <span class="greek2">κακῷ</span>: future <span class="greek2">κακώσω</span>; 1 aorist <span class="greek2">ἐκάκωσα</span>; (<span class="greek2">κακός</span>); <p><span class="textheading">1.</span> <span class="accented">to oppress, afflict, harm, maltreat</span>: <span class="greek2">τινα</span>, <a href="/interlinear/acts/7-6.htm">Acts 7:6, 19</a>; <a href="/interlinear/acts/12-1.htm">Acts 12:1</a>; <a href="/interlinear/acts/18-10.htm">Acts 18:10</a>; <a href="/interlinear/1_peter/3-13.htm">1 Peter 3:13</a> (<a href="/interlinear/exodus/5-22.htm">Exodus 5:22</a>; <a href="/interlinear/exodus/23-9.htm">Exodus 23:9</a> <span class="manuref">Alex.</span>; in Greek writings from <span class="abbreviation">Homer</span> down). <p><span class="textheading">2.</span> by a usage foreign to the classics, <span class="accented">to embitter</span> (<span class="manuref">Vulg.</span><span class="latin">ad iracundiam concito</span>); <span class="accented">render evil affected</span> (<a href="/interlinear/psalms/105-32.htm">Psalm 105:32</a><FOOTNOTE:10> (<BIBLE/CHAPTER_VERSE:Ps. 106:32>); <span class="abbreviation">Josephus</span>, Antiquities 16, 1, 2; 7, 3; 8, 6): <span class="greek2">τήν</span> <span class="greek2">ψυχήν</span> <span class="greek2">τίνος</span> <span class="greek2">κατά</span> <span class="greek2">τίνος</span>, against one, <a href="/interlinear/acts/14-2.htm">Acts 14:2</a>.<FOOTNOTE:1> <br><br><iframe width="100%" height="85" scrolling=no src="/bsoft.htm" frameborder=0 cellpadding=0></iframe><div class="vheading2">Strong's Exhaustive Concordance</div>to mistreat, harm<p>From <a href="/greek/2556.htm">kakos</a>; to injure; figuratively, to exasperate -- make evil affected, entreat evil, harm, hurt, vex. <p>see GREEK <a href="/greek/2556.htm">kakos</a> <div class="vheading2">Forms and Transliterations</div>εκακώθη εκακώθην εκακώθησαν εκάκωσα εκακωσαν εκάκωσαν ἐκάκωσαν εκάκωσας εκάκωσε εκάκωσέ εκακωσεν εκάκωσεν ἐκάκωσεν κακούμενος κακούν κακούντας κακούντων κακωθήναι κακωθήσεται κακωσαι κακώσαι κακώσαί κακῶσαί κακώσατε κακώσει κακώσετε κακώση κακώσητε κακώσομεν κακωσουσιν κακώσουσιν κακωσων κακώσων κακώσωσιν κεκακώσθαι ekakosan ekakōsan ekákosan ekákōsan ekakosen ekakōsen ekákosen ekákōsen kakosai kakôsaí kakōsai kakō̂saí kakoson kakōsōn kakṓson kakṓsōn kakosousin kakōsousin kakṓsousin<div class="vheading2">Links</div><a href="/interlinear/matthew/1-1.htm">Interlinear Greek</a> • <a href="/interlinear/genesis/1-1.htm">Interlinear Hebrew</a> • <a href="/strongs.htm">Strong's Numbers</a> • <a href="/englishmans_greek.htm">Englishman's Greek Concordance</a> • <a href="/englishmans_hebrew.htm">Englishman's Hebrew Concordance</a> • <a href="/texts/matthew/1-1.htm">Parallel Texts</a></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><div class="vheading">Englishman's Concordance</div><b><a href="/text/acts/7-6.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Acts 7:6</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Future Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural">V-FIA-3P</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/acts/7.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">αὐτὸ καὶ <b>κακώσουσιν</b> ἔτη τετρακόσια</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/acts/7.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> AND THAT THEY WOULD BE ENSLAVED <span class="itali">AND MISTREATED</span> FOR FOUR HUNDRED<br><a href="/kjvs/acts/7.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> and <span class="itali">entreat [them] evil</span> four hundred<br><a href="/interlinear/acts/7-6.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> it and <span class="itali">ill-treat [it]</span> years four hundred<p><b><a href="/text/acts/7-19.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Acts 7:19</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Singular">V-AIA-3S</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/acts/7.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">γένος ἡμῶν <b>ἐκάκωσεν</b> τοὺς πατέρας</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/acts/7.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> of our race <span class="itali">and mistreated</span> our fathers<br><a href="/kjvs/acts/7.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> kindred, <span class="itali">and evil entreated</span> our<br><a href="/interlinear/acts/7-19.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> race of us <span class="itali">ill-treated</span> the fathers<p><b><a href="/text/acts/12-1.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Acts 12:1</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Aorist Infinitive Active">V-ANA</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/acts/12.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">τὰς χεῖρας <b>κακῶσαί</b> τινας τῶν</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/acts/12.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> to the church <span class="itali">in order to mistreat</span> them.<br><a href="/kjvs/acts/12.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> [his] hands <span class="itali">to vex</span> certain<br><a href="/interlinear/acts/12-1.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> [his] hands <span class="itali">to ill-treat</span> some of those<p><b><a href="/text/acts/14-2.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Acts 14:2</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Aorist Indicative Active - 3rd Person Plural">V-AIA-3P</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/acts/14.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">ἐπήγειραν καὶ <b>ἐκάκωσαν</b> τὰς ψυχὰς</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/acts/14.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> of the Gentiles <span class="itali">and embittered</span> them against<br><a href="/kjvs/acts/14.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> their minds <span class="itali">evil affected</span> against<br><a href="/interlinear/acts/14-2.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> stirred up and <span class="itali">poisoned</span> the minds<p><b><a href="/text/acts/18-10.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">Acts 18:10</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Aorist Infinitive Active">V-ANA</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/acts/18.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">σοι τοῦ <b>κακῶσαί</b> σε διότι</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/acts/18.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> will attack <span class="itali">you in order to harm</span> you, for I have many<br><a href="/kjvs/acts/18.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> shall set on thee <span class="itali">to hurt</span> thee: for<br><a href="/interlinear/acts/18-10.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> you <span class="itali">to harm</span> you because<p><b><a href="/text/1_peter/3-13.htm" title="Biblos Lexicon">1 Peter 3:13</a> <a href="/abbrev.htm" title="Verb - Future Participle Active - Nominative Masculine Singular">V-FPA-NMS</a></b><br><a href="/interlinear/1_peter/3.htm" title="Greek">GRK:</a> <span class="greek3">τίς ὁ <b>κακώσων</b> ὑμᾶς ἐὰν</span><br><a href="http://biblehub.com/nas/1_peter/3.htm" title="New American Standard Bible">NAS:</a> Who <span class="itali">is there to harm</span> you if you prove<br><a href="/kjvs/1_peter/3.htm" title="King James Bible with Strong's">KJV:</a> And who <span class="itali">[is] he that will harm</span> you, if<br><a href="/interlinear/1_peter/3-13.htm" title="Biblos Interlinear Bible">INT:</a> who [is] he that <span class="itali">will harm</span> you if<p><b><a href="/greek/2559.htm">Strong's Greek 2559</a><br><a href="/greek/strongs_2559.htm">6 Occurrences</a></b><br><br><a href="/greek/ekako_san_2559.htm">ἐκάκωσαν — 1 Occ.</a><br><a href="/greek/ekako_sen_2559.htm">ἐκάκωσεν — 1 Occ.</a><br><a href="/greek/kako_sai_2559.htm">κακῶσαί — 2 Occ.</a><br><a href="/greek/kako_so_n_2559.htm">κακώσων — 1 Occ.</a><br><a href="/greek/kako_sousin_2559.htm">κακώσουσιν — 1 Occ.</a><br><br></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script><br /><br /> </div> <div id="left"><a href="/greek/2558.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="2558"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="2558" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/greek/2560.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="2560"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="2560" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhchap.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>