Climate | NIST

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="content: http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/ dc: http://purl.org/dc/terms/ foaf: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/ og: http://ogp.me/ns# rdfs: http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema# schema: http://schema.org/ sioc: http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns# sioct: http://rdfs.org/sioc/types# skos: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core# xsd: http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema# "> <head><script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=HxkREWBo" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("https://www.nist.gov/climate","20220128074715","https://web.archive.org/","web","/_static/", "1643356035"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=S1zqJCYt" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" />  <meta charset="utf-8"/> <noscript><style>form.antibot * :not(.antibot-message) { display: none !important; }</style> </noscript><script>(function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i["GoogleAnalyticsObject"]=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){(i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o),m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m)})(window,document,"script","https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js","ga");ga("create", "UA-66610693-3", {"cookieDomain":"auto"});ga("require", "linkid", "linkid.js");ga("set", "anonymizeIp", true);ga("set", "dimension2", "Climate");ga("set", "dimension3", "1656686");ga("set", "dimension7", "Topic Landing Page");ga("send", "pageview");ga('create', 'UA-33523145-1', 'auto', 'NISTGSA'); ga('NISTGSA.send', 'pageview');</script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/climate"/> <link rel="shortlink" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/node/1656686"/> <meta name="description" content="NIST laboratories generate the measurements and research to address climate change in impactful areas from climate me"/> <meta name="dcterms.title" content="Climate"/> <meta name="dcterms.creator" content="paul.hernandez@nist.gov"/> <meta name="dcterms.description" content="NIST laboratories generate the measurements and research to address climate change in impactful areas from climate me"/> <meta name="dcterms.date" content="2021-04-05T14:37-04:00"/> <meta name="dcterms.type" content="text"/> <meta name="dcterms.format" content="text/html"/> <meta name="dcterms.identifier" content="https://www.nist.gov/climate"/> <meta name="dcterms.modified" content="2021-10-28T15:22-04:00"/> <meta property="og:site_name" content="NIST"/> <meta property="og:type" content="Article"/> <meta property="og:url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/climate"/> <meta property="og:title" content="Climate"/> <meta property="og:description" content="NIST laboratories generate the measurements and research to address climate change in impactful areas from climate me"/> <meta property="og:image" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/images/2021/04/08/Climate%26Energy-1200x248.jpg"/> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2021-10-28T15:22:36-04:00"/> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="QMu0ODkER3rN5hLcMLqNVf7e3bkjYsNLTuhqfH48jCA"/> <meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 9 (https://www.drupal.org)"/> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/web/20220128074715im_/https://www.nist.gov/themes/custom/nist_www/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"/> <title>Climate | NIST</title> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/web/20220128074715cs_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_uoDmaH_LPSf9DxbV9fziUUpMqnWz21VU2M9XczFfVZo.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" media="screen" href="/web/20220128074715cs_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_I_3xN7ZfxIAoRmqVoBY5G_2Zy7GBZOE0Em4smmXGmZQ.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" media="print" href="/web/20220128074715cs_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_zbjDhj-AmeVwgu9y0DlPwEfp7l-a5BpoK3MpoGmRB6o.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/web/20220128074715cs_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_PV0KmreUx3hVeYI6yGypf71UDz9BSQl1Z5DjiESDh-Y.css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" media="screen" href="/web/20220128074715cs_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_dBui5p1Y844Auqpu1F-qt2tAGIliuLLLHLVB6YbnRr8.css"/> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715js_/https://script.crazyegg.com/pages/scripts/0039/8570.js" async></script> <script src="/web/20220128074715js_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/js/js_-dbYZ4JxrJ1JstYSHl6hMbgz-yFcPPqDY0VSXVJZCIo.js"></script> </head> <body class="node-1656686"> <a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable"> Skip to main content </a> <div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas>  <section class="usa-banner" aria-label="Official government website"> <div class="usa-accordion"> <header class="usa-banner__header"> <div class="usa-banner__inner"> <div class="grid-col-auto"> <img class="usa-banner__header-flag" src="/web/20220128074715im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/us_flag_small.png" alt="U.S. flag"> </div> <div class="grid-col-fill tablet:grid-col-auto"> <p class="usa-banner__header-text">An official website of the United States government</p> <p class="usa-banner__header-action" aria-hidden="true">Here’s how you know</p> </div> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-banner__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="gov-banner-default"> <span class="usa-banner__button-text">Here’s how you know</span> </button> </div> </header> <div class="usa-banner__content usa-accordion__content" id="gov-banner-default"> <div class="grid-row grid-gap-lg"> <div class="usa-banner__guidance tablet:grid-col-6"> <img class="usa-banner__icon usa-media-block__img" src="/web/20220128074715im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/icon-dot-gov.svg" role="img" alt="" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="usa-media-block__body"> <p> <strong>Official websites use .gov</strong> <br/> A <strong>.gov</strong> website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. </p> </div> </div> <div class="usa-banner__guidance tablet:grid-col-6"> <img class="usa-banner__icon usa-media-block__img" src="/web/20220128074715im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/icon-https.svg" role="img" alt="" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="usa-media-block__body"> <p> <strong>Secure .gov websites use HTTPS</strong> <br/> A <strong>lock</strong> ( <span class="icon-lock"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="52" height="64" viewbox="0 0 52 64" class="usa-banner__lock-image" role="img" aria-labelledby="banner-lock-title banner-lock-description" focusable="false"> <title id="banner-lock-title">Lock</title> <desc id="banner-lock-description">A locked padlock</desc><path fill="#000000" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M26 0c10.493 0 19 8.507 19 19v9h3a4 4 0 0 1 4 4v28a4 4 0 0 1-4 4H4a4 4 0 0 1-4-4V32a4 4 0 0 1 4-4h3v-9C7 8.507 15.507 0 26 0zm0 8c-5.979 0-10.843 4.77-10.996 10.712L15 19v9h22v-9c0-6.075-4.925-11-11-11z"/></svg> </span> ) or <strong>https://</strong> means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section>   <div class="nist-print-header" style="display:none;"> <p class="nist-print-header__url">https://www.nist.gov/climate</p> <img class="nist-print-header__logo" width="289" height="38" src="/web/20220128074715im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/logo/nist_logo_sidestack.svg" alt="National Institute of Standards and Technology"/> </div> <div class="usa-overlay"></div> <header class="usa-header nist-header--www nist-header--minimal" role="banner"> <div class="usa-navbar"> <div class="usa-logo flex-fill"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/" title="National Institute of Standards and Technology" aria-label="Home"> <img src="/web/20220128074715im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/logo/logo.svg" alt="National Institute of Standards and Technology"/> </a> </div> <div class="usa-header__right grid-row flex-auto"> <div class="grid-col-fill nist-header__search-group"> <form class="usa-search usa-search--small" accept-charset="UTF-8" action="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/fusion-search" id="search_form" method="get"> <div role="search"> <label class="usa-sr-only" for="search-form">Search NIST</label> <input class="usa-input" id="search-form" type="search" name="s" placeholder="Search NIST" required=""> <button class="usa-button" type="submit"><span class="usa-sr-only">Search</span></button> </div> </form> </div> <div class="grid-col-auto padding-left-1"> <button class="usa-menu-btn">Menu</button> </div> </div> </div> <nav aria-label="Primary navigation" class="usa-nav"> <div class="usa-nav__inner"> <button class="usa-nav__close">Close</button> <ul class="usa-nav__primary usa-accordion"> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link usa-current" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="primary_menu-1"><span>Topics</span></button> <div id="primary_menu-1" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/topics" class="usa-nav__link">All Topics</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/advanced-communications" class="usa-nav__link">Advanced communications</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/artificial-intelligence" class="usa-nav__link">Artificial intelligence</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/bioscience" class="usa-nav__link">Bioscience</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/buildings-construction" class="usa-nav__link">Buildings and construction</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/chemistry" class="usa-nav__link">Chemistry</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/climate" class="usa-nav__link usa-current">Climate</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/cybersecurity" class="usa-nav__link">Cybersecurity</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/electronics" class="usa-nav__link">Electronics</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/energy" class="usa-nav__link">Energy</a> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/environment" class="usa-nav__link">Environment</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/fire" class="usa-nav__link">Fire</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/forensic-science" class="usa-nav__link">Forensic science</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/health" class="usa-nav__link">Health</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/information-technology" class="usa-nav__link">Information technology</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/infrastructure" class="usa-nav__link">Infrastructure</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/manufacturing" class="usa-nav__link">Manufacturing</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/materials" class="usa-nav__link">Materials</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/mathematics-statistics" class="usa-nav__link">Mathematics and statistics</a> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/metrology" class="usa-nav__link">Metrology</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/nanotechnology" class="usa-nav__link">Nanotechnology</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/neutron-research" class="usa-nav__link">Neutron research</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/performance-excellence" class="usa-nav__link">Performance excellence</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/physics" class="usa-nav__link">Physics</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/public-safety" class="usa-nav__link">Public safety</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/resilience" class="usa-nav__link">Resilience</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/standards" class="usa-nav__link">Standards</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/transportation" class="usa-nav__link">Transportation</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <a class="usa-nav__link" href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/publications">Publications</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="primary_menu-3"><span>Labs & Major Programs</span></button> <div id="primary_menu-3" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/labs-major-programs/laboratories" class="usa-nav__link">Laboratories</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/ctl" class="usa-nav__link">Communications Technology Laboratory</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/el" class="usa-nav__link">Engineering Laboratory</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/itl" class="usa-nav__link">Information Technology Laboratory</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/mml" class="usa-nav__link">Material Measurement Laboratory</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/pml" class="usa-nav__link">Physical Measurement Laboratory</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/labs-major-programs/user-facilities" class="usa-nav__link">User Facilities</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/ncnr" class="usa-nav__link">NIST Center for Neutron Research</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/cnst" class="usa-nav__link">CNST NanoFab</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/labs-major-programs/research-test-beds" class="usa-nav__link">Research Test Beds</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/laboratories/projects-programs" class="usa-nav__link">Research Projects</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/laboratories/tools-instruments" class="usa-nav__link">Tools & Instruments</a> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/labs-major-programs/major-programs" class="usa-nav__link">Major Programs</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/baldrige" class="usa-nav__link">Baldrige Performance Excellence Program</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/mep" class="usa-nav__link">Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP)</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/oam" class="usa-nav__link">Office of Advanced Manufacturing</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/special-programs-office-spo" class="usa-nav__link">Special Programs Office</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/tpo" class="usa-nav__link">Technology Partnerships Office</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="primary_menu-4"><span>Services & Resources</span></button> <div id="primary_menu-4" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/services-resources/standards-and-measurements" class="usa-nav__link">Standards and Measurements</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/calibrations" class="usa-nav__link">Calibration Services</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/nvlap" class="usa-nav__link">Laboratory Accreditation (NVLAP)</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/nist-quality-system" class="usa-nav__link">Quality System</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/srm" class="usa-nav__link">Standard Reference Materials (SRMs)</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/standardsgov" class="usa-nav__link">Standards.gov</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/pml/time-and-frequency-division/time-services" class="usa-nav__link">Time Services</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/pml/weights-and-measures" class="usa-nav__link">Office of Weights and Measures</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/services-resources/software" class="usa-nav__link">Software</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/data" class="usa-nav__link">Data</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/" class="usa-nav__link">Chemistry WebBook</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://nvd.nist.gov/" class="usa-nav__link">National Vulnerability Database</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/pml/productsservices/physical-reference-data" class="usa-nav__link">Physical Reference Data</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/srd" class="usa-nav__link">Standard Reference Data (SRD)</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/shop" class="usa-nav__link">Storefront</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/tpo" class="usa-nav__link">License & Patents</a> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/http://csrc.nist.gov/" class="usa-nav__link">Computer Security Resource Center (CSRC)</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/nist-research-library" class="usa-nav__link">NIST Research Library</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="primary_menu-5"><span>News & Events</span></button> <div id="primary_menu-5" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news" class="usa-nav__link">News </a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/events" class="usa-nav__link">Events</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/blogs" class="usa-nav__link">Blogs</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/feature-stories" class="usa-nav__link">Feature Stories</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/awards" class="usa-nav__link">Awards</a> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/video-gallery" class="usa-nav__link">Video Gallery</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/image-gallery" class="usa-nav__link">Image Gallery</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/director/pao/media-contacts" class="usa-nav__link">Media Contacts</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="primary_menu-6"><span>About NIST</span></button> <div id="primary_menu-6" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/about-nist" class="usa-nav__link">About Us</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/about-nist/contact-us" class="usa-nav__link">Contact Us</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/visit" class="usa-nav__link">Visit</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/careers" class="usa-nav__link">Careers</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/director/nist-organization-structure" class="usa-nav__link">Our Organization</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/director" class="usa-nav__link">Office of the Director</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/about-nist/our-organization/budget-planning" class="usa-nav__link">Budget & Planning</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/industry-impacts" class="usa-nav__link">Industry Impacts</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/work-nist" class="usa-nav__link">Work with NIST</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/history" class="usa-nav__link">History</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/http://nistdigitalarchives.contentdm.oclc.org/" class="usa-nav__link">NIST Digital Archives</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/nist-museum" class="usa-nav__link">NIST Museum</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/nist-and-nobel" class="usa-nav__link">NIST and the Nobel</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/education" class="usa-nav__link">Resources for Kids</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> </header>  <div class="grid-container"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> </div> <div id="block-nist-www-content" class="nist-block"> <section class="nist-page__content usa-section clearfix"> <a id="main-content" tabindex="-1"></a> <div> <div class="nist-section-header nist-section-header--topic nist-section-header--hero"> <div class="nist-section-header__hero-img"> <div class="nist-block nist-block--no-margin"> <div class="entity-reference"> <img src="/web/20220128074715im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/images/2021/04/08/Climate%26Energy-1200x248.jpg" width="1200" height="248" alt="Blue sky. Green grass. Wind mill. To the right: solar panels" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nist-section-header__top grid-container"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/environment">Environment</a> </div> <div class="nist-section-header__sub"> <div class="nist-section-header__main grid-container"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="nist-section-header__title"> <h1 class="nist-page__title">Climate</h1> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container"> <div class="nist-page__region nist-page__region--topic-description padding-top-4 margin-top-1"> <div class="nist-region-heading"> <h2>Overview</h2> </div> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-8 padding-right-5 margin-bottom-4"> <div class="text-with-summary"> <p>NIST laboratories generate the measurements and research to address climate change in impactful areas from climate measurements and modeling of greenhouse gas emissions to research and tools to build more resilient communities and alternative energy infrastructure. NIST programs advance research and measurements for energy efficiency, including solid state lighting and refrigerants, as well as standards, frameworks and other resources for the manufacturing, construction, and automotive sectors.</p> <p>The NIST laboratories provide key outputs in support of addressing climate change in the form of: </p> <ul><li>New measurement methods and performance measures, including new ways to measure <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/greenhouse-gas-measurements">urban greenhouse gas emissions</a>,</li> <li>Reference materials and data, </li> <li>Unique facilities and testbeds, and</li> <li>Guides and other resources for communities and researchers </li> <li>In accomplishing its mission NIST relies on key partnerships with the public and private sector. </li> </ul><p>NIST’s efforts to address climate change fall in several categories:<br> </p> <div class="usa-accordion usa-accordion--bordered margin-bottom-0"> <h4 class="usa-accordion__heading"><button aria-controls="b-a1" aria-expanded="false" class="usa-accordion__button">Climate Monitoring</button></h4> <div class="usa-accordion__content" id="b-a1"> <p>NIST plays a critical role in ensuring that the world can properly measure the concentrations and emissions of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere along with their impact on global temperature. From fundamental calibrations of sensors placed on satellites to measures of regional emissions via networks of sensors, NIST measurement approaches are helping decision makers understand the magnitude of the challenges and to identify opportunities for mitigations. Sample activities include: </p> <h3>Calibrations of earth observing sensors and satellites</h3> <p>To best characterize changes in concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and temperature changes, a range of earth-based and satellite-based sensors are utilized. The accuracy and stability of these sensors is critical, and NIST provides the basic measurements and reference materials to determine the accuracy of estimates of atmospheric temperatures, solar radiation, and greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere.</p> <h3>Emissions measurements</h3> <p>NIST has advanced the measurement of emissions and management of greenhouse gases through its development of test methods to measure emissions from the flues of industrial facilities like power plants and the detection of leaks from other sources of greenhouse gases such as natural gas facilities and pipelines. It is also active in identifying replacements for the refrigerants that have been identified as being large sources of greenhouse gas emissions.</p> <h3>Urban Dome</h3> <p>Many GHG emissions come from small and distributed sources in urban areas such as vehicles, landfills, or individual buildings which makes the measurement of emissions from urban areas challenging. The NIST Greenhouse Gas Measurements Program is developing technologies to measure emissions directly based on atmospheric observations from satellites, aircraft, and sensors on the Earth’s surface. By combining atmospheric observations with computer modeling, scientists will be able to provide stakeholders with more complete emissions estimates in these regions. </p> </div>  <h4 class="usa-accordion__heading"><button aria-controls="b-a2" aria-expanded="false" class="usa-accordion__button">Resilence</button></h4> <div class="usa-accordion__content" id="b-a2"> <p>Scientists believe that changes in the climate will lead to increased numbers and severity of natural disasters. Since its founding, NIST has supported safety, interoperability, and resilience of the Nation’s infrastructure to such disasters. NIST develops new measurement techniques and disseminates reference materials and data that support innovation in performance and resilience of the built environment. </p> <h3>Disaster and Failure Studies</h3> <p>NIST has both a lead and a research role in two congressionally-mandated interagency programs related to resilience: the National Windstorm Impact Reduction Program and the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program. These programs, which bring together NIST, the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the National Science Foundation, and other federal agencies, seek to increase the Nation’s resilience. By coordinating the government’s approach, NIST helps direct the federal research agenda and move knowledge gained to real-world practice. NIST is expert in studies of disaster events, which can lead to improved design and codes of the built environment. Economic tools like the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://edges.nist.gov/">NIST Economic Decision Guide Software</a> measure costs and benefits of resilience investments to support community-level decisions.</p> <h3>Building Codes</h3> <p>NIST works with first responders, local governments, and the construction industry to develop standards and codes to improve resilience. For example, based on its study of the EF-5 tornado in Joplin, MO in 2011, <a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="be21f48d-b9b4-482d-b2db-1cc91f14fb46" href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/disaster-failure-studies/joplin-missouri-tornado-2011" title="Joplin Missouri Tornado 2011">NIST recommended</a> a number of far-reaching building code changes to the American Society of Civil Engineers and the International Code Council. NIST also recently held a workshop to assess how building codes may need to change given concerns of increased weather events arising from climate change.</p> <h3>Wildland-Urban Interface Fires</h3> <p>Fires within communities surrounded by natural areas are the most dangerous and costliest fires in North America. Growing at a staggering 4,000 acres per day, these Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) communities are rapidly becoming the nation’s single largest fire concern. NIST’s activities in Fire Research, including investigations of events such as the Camp Fire in California and experiments at the National Fire Research Laboratory, inform communities and standards organizations on mitigating the hazards from these ever-increasing events.</p> <h3>Public Safety Communications</h3> <p>Responses to natural disasters depend upon robust communications, and NIST is leading the development of standards and associated research, development and testing to provide the public safety community access to the most effective communications technologies. To this end, NIST is leading efforts to develop a dedicated, nationwide LTE broadband network (FirstNet).</p> </div>  <h4 class="usa-accordion__heading"><button aria-controls="b-a3" aria-expanded="false" class="usa-accordion__button">Infrastructure</button></h4> <div class="usa-accordion__content" id="b-a3"> <p>To minimize impact on the climate, the nation will need to update its infrastructure to enable low carbon solutions to meet our everyday needs. NIST expertise in infrastructure, measurements, and promoting innovation will enable the dramatic improvement in the nation’s infrastructure to support a low-carbon economy. </p> <h3>Smart Grid</h3> <p>Decarbonization of the energy sector will mean an increased reliance on electric power and inclusion of more renewable energy generation on the electric grid. NIST delivers the research, technology, and standards contributions necessary to modernize the electric grid and integrate distributed energy resources and technologies. The NIST interoperability framework, now on its <a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="908867bd-99d6-4c01-ab5e-a3ef1e080d61" href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/el/smart-grid/smart-grid-framework" title="Smart Grid Framework">fourth revision</a>, describes new approaches to realizing the full potential of modern energy technologies through interoperability-focused standards activities that can revolutionize power system operations, cybersecurity, and business models. Basic measurements of electric power and frequency on the grid build on NIST’s core capabilities in fundamental metrology to ensure a reliable electricity system for a low-carbon society.</p> <h3>Buildings</h3> <p>NIST supports innovation that can increase energy efficiency and advance clean energy solutions in the building sector, which accounts for over 30% of greenhouse gas emissions. The NIST <a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="c0d027ae-379b-4049-a296-d6c6cd17248b" href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/net-zero-energy-high-performance-buildings-program" title="Net-Zero Energy, High-Performance Buildings Program">Net-Zero Energy, High-Performance Buildings Program</a> develops and deploys advances in measurement science to move the nation towards net-zero energy buildings while maintaining healthy indoor environments in a cost-effective manner. NIST’s <a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="a807e1e5-76f7-4cb0-a8e8-977f2f7c258a" href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/embedded-intelligence-buildings-program" title="Embedded Intelligence in Buildings Program">Embedded Intelligence in Buildings Program</a> creates the measurement science to improve building operations to achieve lower operating costs, energy efficiency, and occupant comfort through the use of intelligent building systems. </p> <h3>Water</h3> <p>A changing climate is stressing water systems around the world, highlighting the challenges in providing fresh water to an ever-growing population. NIST research helps to assess the quality of water, from remote sensing of water color to advanced chemical and biological measurement techniques to ensuring our water infrastructure can handle the needs of the 21st century and beyond. Emerging work by NIST to update knowledge and standards for plumbing in buildings addresses the need to more efficiently use water while maintaining and improving water quality.</p> </div>  <h4 class="usa-accordion__heading"><button aria-controls="b-a4" aria-expanded="false" class="usa-accordion__button">Advanced Technologies</button></h4> <div class="usa-accordion__content" id="b-a4"> <p>The nation will need to embrace new technologies to reduce the impact of carbon in the environment while improving our quality of life. NIST’s role in enhancing innovation leads to the new products and approaches that provide the services we expect while decreasing the risk of climate change.</p> <h3>Energy Technologies (PV, Hydrogen, Batteries, Lighting)</h3> <p>NIST develops basic measures to provide insight into the capabilities of advanced energy technologies and performance measures to help consumers understand their expected performance. Solid state lighting, advanced appliances, photovoltaics, batteries, and hydrogen generation and storage are topics of relevance to increasing energy efficiency and decreasing the carbon intensity of the nation’s energy system. Imaging of battery and fuel cell operation clarifies basic operating principles that increase their reliability. Measures of lighting performance against the nation’s standards have enabled leaps in performance of products with a fraction of the energy consumption of incandescent bulbs. Movement towards the use of hydrogen as a fuel source will depend upon basic materials science as conducted at NIST to store and transport the fuel.</p> <h3>Carbon Capture and Sequestration</h3> <p>NIST is conducting the basic measurement science to enable carbon capture and sequestration. Imaging conducted at the <a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="0490151d-3bd8-454c-8036-dc49d0f05a95" href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/ncnr" title="NIST Center for Neutron Research">NIST Center for Neutron Research</a> enables assessment of the capabilities of rocks to store CO<sub>2</sub>, and novel materials for removing CO<sub>2</sub> from the air are being investigated to help reduce concentrations of GHG already in the atmosphere.</p> <h3>Materials</h3> <p>Many approaches to reducing greenhouse gas emissions will rely on advanced materials. For example, the NIST <a data-entity-substitution="canonical" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="cb0b7ae4-978d-44e6-a69e-1dbee81e8e88" href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/lightweighting" title="NIST Center for Automotive Lightweighting ">Automotive Lightweighting</a> facility generates data and models for lightweight vehicle components that dramatically increase fuel efficiency. Polymer materials can be used for fuel cells and photovoltaics, and advanced composites are critical in technologies such as wind turbines. NIST’s assessment methods and materials exploration tools allow confident use of such materials to reduce our carbon footprint.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-4"> <div class="nist-block nist-block--no-margin"> <h2 class="nist-block__title">Featured Content</h2> <div class="nist-field nist-field--label-hidden nist-field--link-list link font-sans-sm"> <div class="nist-field__items"> <div class="nist-field__item"><a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/greenhouse-gas-measurements">Greenhouse Gas Measurements</a></div> <div class="nist-field__item"><a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/el/net-zero-energy-residential-test-facility">Net Zero House</a></div> <div class="nist-field__item"><a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/feature-stories/speed-gun-photosynthesis">A Speed Gun for Photosynthesis</a></div> <div class="nist-field__item"><a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/feature-stories/piecing-together-timeline-californias-deadliest-wildfire">Piecing Together the Timeline of California’s Deadliest Wildfire</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nist-page__region nist-page__region--main"> <div class="nist-block"> <div class="bg-primary-lighter nist-content-row--bg paragraph paragraph--type--video-bg-color paragraph--view-mode--default nist-content-row"> <div class="grid-container"> <div class="nist-region-heading"> <h2> <div class="string">Greenhouse Gas Measurements</div> </h2> </div> </div> <div class="nist-content-row__inner"> <figure data-media-id="613176" class="nist-video"> <div class="video-embed-field"><div data-video-embed-field-lazy="<div class="video-embed-field-provider-nist-kaltura video-embed-field-responsive-video"><iframe width="854" height="480" frameborder="0" allow="autoplay *; fullscreen *; encrypted-media *" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" src="https://www.kaltura.com/p/684682/sp/68468200/embedIframeJs/uiconf_id/31013851/partner_id/684682?iframeembed=true&amp;entry_id=1_s3f4xkjf?iframeembed=true&amp;entry_id=1_s3f4xkjf&amp;flashvars%5BautoPlay%5D=1"></iframe> </div> " class="video-embed-field-lazy"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715im_/https://cdnsecakmi.kaltura.com/p/684682/sp/68468200/thumbnail/entry_id/1_s3f4xkjf/width/1280" alt="NIST Greenhouse Gas Measurement Program" typeof="foaf:Image"/> <button class="video-embed-field-lazy-play"></button> <div class="video-embed-field-lazy-title">NIST Greenhouse Gas Measurement Program</div> </div> </div> <figcaption data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-video__caption"> <div class="text-long">NIST’s Greenhouse Gas Measurements Program develops advanced tools for accurately measuring emissions so industries and governments will have the information they need to manage emissions effectively.</div> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container margin-y-5"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--topic-research paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="nist-region-heading"> <h2>The Research</h2> </div> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-8 padding-right-5 margin-y-2"> <h2 class="nist-block__title">Projects & Programs</h2> <article role="article" about="/programs-projects/greenhouse-gas-emissions-and-transport" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/greenhouse-gas-emissions-and-transport" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20220128074715im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2018/07/10/nfrlghgas.jpg?itok=ARZ5v38P" width="100" height="48" alt="The National Fire Research Laboratory (NFRL) will be used as a test bed for green house gas emissions, at near industrial-scale, for performance evaluation and calibration of instruments used for CEMS and relative accuracy testing audits (RATA)" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/greenhouse-gas-emissions-and-transport"><span>Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Transport</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__type"> <div class="nist-badge display-inline-block margin-y-1 nist-badge--blue boolean">Ongoing</div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-long"> The capabilities of the NIST National Fire Research Laboratory (NFRL) will be extended to provide a test bed for performance evaluation of instruments and test </div> </div> </div> </article> <article role="article" about="/programs-projects/net-zero-energy-high-performance-buildings-program" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/net-zero-energy-high-performance-buildings-program" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20220128074715im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2018/03/09/11el008_netzero_house_cutaway_hr.jpg?itok=2a9-lfNo" width="100" height="96" alt="Illustrated cutaway showing the inside of the Net Zero Energy House" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/net-zero-energy-high-performance-buildings-program"><span>Net-Zero Energy, High-Performance Buildings Program</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__type"> <div class="nist-badge display-inline-block margin-y-1 nist-badge--blue boolean">Ongoing</div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-long"> Buildings account for 40% of the primary energy consumption, 74% of the electricity consumption, and 39% of the CO2 emissions in the United States. That energy </div> </div> </div> </article> <article role="article" about="/programs-projects/differential-absorption-lidar-detection-and-quantification-greenhouse-gases" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/differential-absorption-lidar-detection-and-quantification-greenhouse-gases" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20220128074715im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2019/07/23/smokestack_nagy_sm_1.jpg?itok=7sWNc7UI" width="100" height="100" alt="smokestack" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/differential-absorption-lidar-detection-and-quantification-greenhouse-gases"><span>Differential absorption LIDAR for the detection and quantification of greenhouse gases</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__type"> <div class="nist-badge display-inline-block margin-y-1 nist-badge--blue boolean">Ongoing</div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-long"> We are developing a method for accurately quantifying greenhouse gas emissions from natural and anthropogenic sources and sinks to meet the requirements for </div> </div> </div> </article> <article role="article" about="/programs-projects/embedded-intelligence-buildings-program" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/embedded-intelligence-buildings-program" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20220128074715im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2018/06/20/shutterstock_54837784green-const-converted.jpg?itok=i6Lg678d" width="100" height="59" alt="green construction" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/embedded-intelligence-buildings-program"><span>Embedded Intelligence in Buildings Program</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__type"> <div class="nist-badge display-inline-block margin-y-1 nist-badge--blue boolean">Ongoing</div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-long"> The Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 established a national goal of achieving net-zero energy buildings by 2030. Industry groups including the </div> </div> </div> </article> <article role="article" about="/programs-projects/analysis-and-modeling-atmospheric-particles-assess-effects-climate" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/analysis-and-modeling-atmospheric-particles-assess-effects-climate" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20220128074715im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2017/08/21/atmospheric_particles.jpg?itok=RX18pHUi" width="44" height="100" alt="Atmospheric Particles" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/programs-projects/analysis-and-modeling-atmospheric-particles-assess-effects-climate"><span>Analysis and Modeling of Atmospheric Particles to Assess Effects on Climate </span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__type"> <div class="nist-badge display-inline-block margin-y-1 nist-badge--blue boolean">Ongoing</div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-long"> Atmospheric aerosol particles often have compositions and shapes that cannot be described as a single material phase within a simplified geometric form such as </div> </div> </div> </article> <div class="link-list"><a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/laboratories/projects-programs/topic/2788551">View All Projects/Programs</a></div> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-4 margin-y-2"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container margin-y-4"> <div class="nist-region-heading"> <h2>News</h2> </div> <div class="margin-bottom-5"> <div class="entity-reference"> <div class="nist-card nist-card--horizontal nist-card--horizontal-full"> <div class="nist-card__inner"> <div class="nist-card__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <img src="/web/20220128074715im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/600w_x_360h/public/images/2018/03/09/net_zero_energy_residential_test_facility.jpg?itok=lOiMy242" width="600" height="360" alt="photo of a house. Solar panels on the roof." loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </div> </div> <div class="nist-card__title"> <h3><span>That House on the Hill: Bringing Measurement Science Home</span> </h3> </div> <div class="nist-card__content"> <div class="text-with-summary">When people ask NIST employees what they do, we often rely on the somewhat nebulous term “measurement science.” To many in the technical community, NIST’s role in measurement science is clear because they are often surrounded by instruments that bear some sort of NIST-traceable calibration certificate. NIST staff may be able to explain the painstaking work we do to realize basic measurement units</div> </div> <div class="nist-card__links"> <div class="nist-card__button"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/house-hill-bringing-measurement-science-home" class="usa-button ">Read more</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--dynamic-news-list-topic paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="js-view-dom-id-3e54137f51e09d57318f6638dde590e1519d2f0f6e3114774a211d0feb9e17b5"> <div class="grid-row grid-gap-2"> <div class="nist-card tablet:grid-col-4 nist-card--topic "> <div class="nist-card__inner"> <div class="nist-card__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <img src="/web/20220128074715im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/800w_x_400h/public/images/2021/07/02/21PML006_5micron%20%281%29.png?itok=G9boOOLX" width="800" height="400" alt="Landscape view of buildings and lasers scanning the atmosphere" loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </div> </div> <div class="nist-card__title padding-y-5"> <h3><span property="schema:name">NIST Laser ‘Comb’ Systems Now Measure All Primary Greenhouse Gases in the Air</span> </h3> </div> <div class="nist-card__links"> <div class="nist-card__button"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2021/06/nist-laser-comb-systems-now-measure-all-primary-greenhouse-gases-air" class="usa-button ">Read more</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nist-card tablet:grid-col-4 nist-card--topic "> <div class="nist-card__inner"> <div class="nist-card__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <img src="/web/20220128074715im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/800w_x_400h/public/images/2021/06/07/Screen_Shot_2021-06-04_at_10.09.25_AM.png?itok=2E33OLfh" width="800" height="400" alt="Still from animation shows map with icons of buildings, airplane, satellite tower. " loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </div> </div> <div class="nist-card__title padding-y-5"> <h3><span property="schema:name">Carbon Dioxide Sensors in 2 Urban Areas Registered Big Drop in Emissions During COVID-19 Pandemic</span> </h3> </div> <div class="nist-card__links"> <div class="nist-card__button"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2021/06/carbon-dioxide-sensors-2-urban-areas-registered-big-drop-emissions-during" class="usa-button ">Read more</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nist-card tablet:grid-col-4 nist-card--topic "> <div class="nist-card__inner"> <div class="nist-card__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <img src="/web/20220128074715im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/800w_x_400h/public/images/2021/03/22/21PML001_cow_graphic.jpg?itok=yjmbCL9S" width="800" height="400" alt="Illustration shows cows in field with laser and fiber paths around the edges." loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </div> </div> <div class="nist-card__title padding-y-5"> <h3><span property="schema:name">NIST ‘Agricomb’ Measures Multiple Gas Emissions From … Cows</span> </h3> </div> <div class="nist-card__links"> <div class="nist-card__button"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2021/03/nist-agricomb-measures-multiple-gas-emissions-cows" class="usa-button ">Read more</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <footer> <div class="link-list"><a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news-updates/topic/2788551">View All News and Updates</a></div> </footer> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container margin-y-4"> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div>  <footer class="nist-footer padding-bottom-4"> <div class="grid-container nist-footer__info"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-6"> <div class="nist-footer__logo"> <a href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/" title="National Institute of Standards and Technology" rel="home"> <img class="nist-footer__logo-img" src="/web/20220128074715im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/logo/nist_logo_sidestack_rev.svg" alt="National Institute of Standards and Technology logo"> </a> </div> <div class="nist-footer__contact"> <h3 class="nist-footer__contact-heading">HEADQUARTERS</h3> <address> 100 Bureau Drive<br> Gaithersburg, MD 20899<br> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/tel:301-975-2000">301-975-2000</a> </address> <p> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/mailto:do-webmaster@nist.gov">Webmaster</a> | <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/about-nist/contact-us">Contact Us</a> | <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/about-nist/our-organization">Our Other Offices</a> </p> </div> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-6"> <div class="nist-footer__social-links"> <a class="nist-social nist-social--twitter-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://twitter.com/NIST"> <span>Twitter</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--facebook-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://www.facebook.com/NIST"> <span>Facebook</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--linkedin-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://www.linkedin.com/company/nist"> <span>LinkedIn</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--instagram-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://www.instagram.com/nist/"> <span>Instagram</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--youtube-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://www.youtube.com/NIST"> <span>YouTube</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--rss-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/nist-rss-feeds"> <span>RSS Feed</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--envelope-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://service.govdelivery.com/accounts/USNIST/subscriber/new"> <span>Mailing List</span> </a> </div> <div class="nist-footer__feedback"> How are we doing? <a class="usa-button" rel="nofollow" href="/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/form/nist-gov-feedback?destination=/climate" title="Provide feedback">Feedback</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container"> <div class="nist-footer__nav" role="navigation"> <ul> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/privacy-policy">Site Privacy</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/oism/accessibility">Accessibility</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/privacy">Privacy Program</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/oism/copyrights">Copyrights</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://www.commerce.gov/vulnerability-disclosure-policy">Vulnerability Disclosure</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/no-fear-act-policy">No Fear Act Policy</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/office-director/freedom-information-act">FOIA</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/environmental-policy-statement">Environmental Policy</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/summary-report-scientific-integrity">Scientific Integrity</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://www.nist.gov/nist-information-quality-standards">Information Quality Standards</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://www.commerce.gov/">Commerce.gov</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/http://www.science.gov/">Science.gov</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/http://www.usa.gov/">USA.gov</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220128074715/https://vote.gov/">Vote.gov</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </footer>  </div> <script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","scriptPath":null,"pathPrefix":"","currentPath":"node\/1656686","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":false,"currentLanguage":"en"},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"back_to_top":{"back_to_top_button_trigger":"100","back_to_top_prevent_on_mobile":0,"back_to_top_prevent_in_admin":1,"back_to_top_button_type":"image","back_to_top_button_text":"Back to top"},"google_analytics":{"trackOutbound":true,"trackMailto":true,"trackDownload":true,"trackDownloadExtensions":"7z|aac|arc|arj|asf|asx|avi|bin|bsh|c|csv|doc(x|m)?|dot(x|m)?|dw(fx|g|gd)|dxf|eps|epub|exe|f(90)|flv|gif|gz|gzip|hqx|jar|jpe?g|js|m1v|mp(2|3|4|e?g)|mobi|mov(ie)?|msi|msp|pdf|phps|pl|png|ppt(x|m)?|pot(x|m)?|pps(x|m)?|ppam|sld(x|m)?|thmx|qtm?|ra(m|r)?|rfa|rtf|rvt|sch|sea|sit|swf|tar|tgz|tif|txt|txz|wav|wma|wmv|wpd|wrl|xls(x|m|b)?|xlt(x|m)|xlam|xml|xsd|z|zip","trackDomainMode":1},"data":{"extlink":{"extTarget":false,"extTargetNoOverride":false,"extNofollow":false,"extNoreferrer":false,"extFollowNoOverride":false,"extClass":"ext","extLabel":"(link is external)","extImgClass":false,"extSubdomains":true,"extExclude":"\\.gov\\\/|\\.mil\\\/","extInclude":"","extCssExclude":"","extCssExplicit":"","extAlert":true,"extAlertText":"Thank you for visiting NIST. We hope your visit was informative. We have provided a link to this site because it has information that may be of interest to our users. NIST does not necessarily endorse the views expressed or the facts presented on this site. Further, NIST does not endorse any commercial products that may be advertised or available on this site. Click OK to be directed to your link.","mailtoClass":"mailto","mailtoLabel":"(link sends email)","extUseFontAwesome":false,"extIconPlacement":"append","extFaLinkClasses":"fa fa-external-link","extFaMailtoClasses":"fa fa-envelope-o","whitelistedDomains":[]}},"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"520687c07b4be4858e6c6ce3a624b46210584185ff52f288415ad535b343bd9c"}}</script> <script src="/web/20220128074715js_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/js/js_xrEDt9O1Jl3WwhZ4RqIBJMg8Gln9a-Ur4AtUFRbjWxg.js"></script> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

Climate | NIST