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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Storia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Storia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Storia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Storia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Caratteristiche" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Caratteristiche"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Caratteristiche</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Caratteristiche-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fonti_alimentari" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fonti_alimentari"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Fonti alimentari</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fonti_alimentari-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Carenza" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Carenza"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Carenza</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Carenza-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Livelli_di_assunzione_e_tossicità" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Livelli_di_assunzione_e_tossicità"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Livelli di assunzione e tossicità</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Livelli_di_assunzione_e_tossicità-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Riboflavina</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 75 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-75" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">75 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboflavien" title="Riboflavien - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Riboflavien" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%A82" title="فيتامين ب2 - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فيتامين ب2" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamina_B2" title="Vitamina B2 - asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Vitamina B2" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Рыбафлавін - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Рыбафлавін" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Рыбафлявін - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Рыбафлявін" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD_B2" title="Витамин B2 - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Витамин B2" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8" title="রিবোফ্লাভিন - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রিবোফ্লাভিন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_B2" title="Vitamin B2 - bosniaco" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Vitamin B2" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboflavina" title="Riboflavina - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Riboflavina" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A4%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D9%A2" title="ڤیتامین بی ٢ - curdo centrale" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڤیتامین بی ٢" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="curdo centrale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitam%C3%ADn_B2" title="Vitamín B2 - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vitamín B2" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribofflafin" title="Ribofflafin - gallese" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ribofflafin" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboflavin" title="Riboflavin - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Riboflavin" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboflavin" title="Riboflavin - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Riboflavin" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%88%DE%A8%DE%93%DE%A6%DE%89%DE%A8%DE%82%DE%B0_%DE%84%DE%A92" title="ވިޓަމިން ބީ2 - divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ވިޓަމިން ބީ2" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%BF%CF%86%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B7" title="Ριβοφλαβίνη - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ριβοφλαβίνη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="voce di qualità"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboflavin" title="Riboflavin - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Riboflavin" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboflavino" title="Riboflavino - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Riboflavino" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamina_B2" title="Vitamina B2 - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Vitamina B2" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/B2-vitamiin" title="B2-vitamiin - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="B2-vitamiin" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/B2_bitamina" title="B2 bitamina - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="B2 bitamina" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%A8%DB%B2" title="ویتامین ب۲ - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویتامین ب۲" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboflaviini" title="Riboflaviini - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Riboflaviini" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboflavin" title="Riboflavin - faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Riboflavin" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboflavine" title="Riboflavine - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Riboflavine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribeaflaivin" title="Ribeaflaivin - irlandese" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ribeaflaivin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamina_B2" title="Vitamina B2 - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Vitamina B2" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%99%D7%98%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9F_B2" title="ויטמין B2 - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ויטמין B2" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8" title="रिबोफ्लेविन - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रिबोफ्लेविन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_B2" title="Vitamin B2 - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Vitamin B2" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboflavin" title="Riboflavin - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Riboflavin" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%B6_B2" title="Վիտամին B2 - armeno" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վիտամին B2" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboflavin" title="Riboflavin - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Riboflavin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboflavino" title="Riboflavino - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Riboflavino" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AA%E3%83%9C%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9%E3%83%93%E3%83%B3" title="リボフラビン - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="リボフラビン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Рибофлавин - kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Рибофлавин" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EB%B3%B4%ED%94%8C%EB%9D%BC%EB%B9%88" title="리보플라빈 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="리보플라빈" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Рибофлавин - kirghiso" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Рибофлавин" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghiso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboflavin" title="Riboflavin - lussemburghese" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Riboflavin" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lussemburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboflavinas" title="Riboflavinas - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Riboflavinas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/B2_vitam%C4%ABns" title="B2 vitamīns - lettone" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="B2 vitamīns" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Рибофлавин - macedone" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Рибофлавин" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BB" title="റൈബോഫ്ലേവിൻ - malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റൈബോഫ്ലേവിൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_B2" title="Vitamin B2 - malese" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Vitamin B2" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboflavine" title="Riboflavine - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Riboflavine" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboflavin" title="Riboflavin - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Riboflavin" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamina_B2" title="Vitamina B2 - occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Vitamina B2" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%87%E0%AC%AC%E0%AD%8B%E0%AC%AB%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B2%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%AD%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A8" title="ରାଇବୋଫ୍ଲାଭିନ - odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ରାଇବୋଫ୍ଲାଭିନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Witamina_B2" title="Witamina B2 - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Witamina B2" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboflavina" title="Riboflavina - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Riboflavina" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboflavin%C4%83" title="Riboflavină - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Riboflavină" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Рибофлавин - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Рибофлавин" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamini_B2" title="Vitamini B2 - kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Vitamini B2" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%922" title="Рибофлавин В2 - sacha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Рибофлавин В2" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sacha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboflavin" title="Riboflavin - scozzese" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Riboflavin" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scozzese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_B2" title="Vitamin B2 - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Vitamin B2" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboflavin" title="Riboflavin - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Riboflavin" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboflav%C3%ADn" title="Riboflavín - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Riboflavín" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboflavin" title="Riboflavin - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Riboflavin" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamina_B2" title="Vitamina B2 - albanese" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Vitamina B2" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%912" title="Витамин Б2 - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Витамин Б2" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboflavin" title="Riboflavin - sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Riboflavin" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboflavin" title="Riboflavin - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Riboflavin" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%83%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="ரிபோஃபிளாவின் - tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ரிபோஃபிளாவின்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Рибофлавин - tagico" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Рибофлавин" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tagico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="ไรโบเฟลวิน - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ไรโบเฟลวิน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboflavin" title="Riboflavin - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Riboflavin" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%922" title="Витамин В2 - tuvinian" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Витамин В2" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuvinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Рибофлавін - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Рибофлавін" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboflavin" title="Riboflavin - uzbeco" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Riboflavin" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboflavin" title="Riboflavin - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Riboflavin" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riboflavene" title="Riboflavene - vallone" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Riboflavene" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="vallone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E9%BB%84%E7%B4%A0" title="核黄素 - wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="核黄素" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E9%BB%84%E7%B4%A0" title="核黄素 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="核黄素" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E4%BB%96%E5%91%BDB2" title="維他命B2 - cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="維他命B2" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q130365#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti 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I contenuti hanno solo fine illustrativo e non sostituiscono il parere medico: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Disclaimer_medico" title="Wikipedia:Disclaimer medico">leggi le avvertenze</a>.</span></div> </div> <table class="infobox sinottico" summary="Tabella sinottica che riassume i principali dati del soggetto" style="width:300px;"><tbody><tr class="sinottico_testata"><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#AADDFF;">Riboflavina</th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Riboflavin.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Riboflavin.svg/260px-Riboflavin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Riboflavin.svg/390px-Riboflavin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Riboflavin.svg/520px-Riboflavin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="440" data-file-height="430" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Riboflavin-3d-balls.png" class="mw-file-description" title="modello a calotta"><img alt="modello a calotta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Riboflavin-3d-balls.png/260px-Riboflavin-3d-balls.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Riboflavin-3d-balls.png/390px-Riboflavin-3d-balls.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Riboflavin-3d-balls.png/520px-Riboflavin-3d-balls.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>modello a calotta</figcaption></figure> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#DDEEFF;">Nome <a href="/wiki/Unione_internazionale_di_chimica_pura_e_applicata" title="Unione internazionale di chimica pura e applicata">IUPAC</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2">7,8-dimetil-10- ((2R,3R,4S)- 2,3,4,5-tetraidrossipentil) benzo[g]pteridina-2,4 (3H,10H)-dione </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#DDEEFF;">Abbreviazioni</th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2">E101<br />E101a </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#DDEEFF;">Nomi alternativi</th></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_testo_centrale" colspan="2">Lactoflavina<br />Vitamina B2 </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#AAEEFF;">Caratteristiche generali</th></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Formula_bruta" title="Formula bruta">Formula bruta</a> o <a href="/wiki/Formula_molecolare" title="Formula molecolare">molecolare</a></th><td>C<sub>17</sub>H<sub>20</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O<sub>6</sub> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Massa_molecolare" title="Massa molecolare">Massa molecolare</a> (<a href="/wiki/Unit%C3%A0_di_massa_atomica" title="Unità di massa atomica">u</a>)</th><td>376,36 </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Colore" title="Colore">Aspetto</a></th><td>cristalli giallo arancioni </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Numero_CAS" title="Numero CAS">Numero CAS</a></th><td><span class="reflink plainlinksneverexpand"><span class="noarchive"><a class="external text" href="https://iw.toolforge.org/magnustools/cas.php?language=it&cas=83-88-5">83-88-5</a></span></span> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Numero_EINECS" title="Numero EINECS">Numero EINECS</a></th><td>201-507-1 </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem">PubChem</a></th><td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=493570">493570</a> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank">DrugBank</a></th><td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DBDB00140">DBDB00140</a> </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/SMILES" title="SMILES">SMILES</a></th><td><div style="word-break: break-all;"><code style="background-color:transparent; border:none">CC1=CC2=C(C=C1C)N(C3=NC(=O)NC(=O)C3=N2)CC(C(C(CO)O)O)O</code></div> </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#AAEEFF;">Proprietà chimico-fisiche</th></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Solubilit%C3%A0" title="Solubilità">Solubilità</a> in <a href="/wiki/Acqua" title="Acqua">acqua</a></th><td>0,1 g/l </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Temperatura_di_fusione" class="mw-redirect" title="Temperatura di fusione">Temperatura di fusione</a></th><td>280 °C (553,15 K) decomposizione </td></tr><tr class="sinottico_divisione"><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#AAEEFF;">Indicazioni di sicurezza</th></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Frasi_H" class="mw-redirect" title="Frasi H">Frasi H</a></th><td>--- </td></tr><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Consigli_P" title="Consigli P">Consigli P</a></th><td>---<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr><tr><td class="sinottico_piede2 noprint nomobile metadata" colspan="2"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130365" class="extiw" title="d:Q130365"><span title="Modifica i dati della voce Riboflavina su Wikidata">Modifica dati su Wikidata</span></a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Template:Composto_chimico/man" title="Template:Composto chimico/man"><span title="Manuale del template Composto chimico">Manuale</span></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>La <b>riboflavina</b> (o <b>vitamina B<sub>2</sub></b>) è una molecola, classificata come una delle <a href="/wiki/Vitamine" title="Vitamine">vitamine</a> del <a href="/wiki/Vitamina_B" title="Vitamina B">gruppo B</a>. Fa parte del <a href="/wiki/Gruppo_funzionale" title="Gruppo funzionale">gruppo funzionale</a> dei cofattori <a href="/wiki/FAD" class="mw-redirect" title="FAD">FAD</a> e <a href="/wiki/Flavin_mononucleotide" class="mw-redirect" title="Flavin mononucleotide">FMN</a> e di conseguenza è necessaria per numerose reazioni catalizzate da <a href="/wiki/Flavoproteine" title="Flavoproteine">flavoproteine</a>, incluse le reazioni di attivazione di altre vitamine. La riboflavina ed il suo 5'-fosfato sono <a href="/wiki/Additivi_alimentari" class="mw-redirect" title="Additivi alimentari">additivi alimentari</a> censiti dall'<a href="/wiki/Unione_europea" title="Unione europea">Unione europea</a> e identificati rispettivamente dalle sigle <b>E101</b> e <b>E101a</b>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Storia">Storia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riboflavina&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Storia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riboflavina&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Storia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La riboflavina venne isolata per la prima volta nel <a href="/wiki/1927" title="1927">1927</a> ad opera di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Gyorgy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Gyorgy (la pagina non esiste)">Paul Gyorgy</a>. Successivamente si vide anche che il <a href="/wiki/Latte" title="Latte">latte</a> presenta elevate <a href="/wiki/Concentrazione_(chimica)" title="Concentrazione (chimica)">concentrazioni</a> di tale sostanza che, per tale motivo, all'inizio venne denominata lattoflavina. In un primo tempo era stata denominata <b>vitamina G</b>. </p><p>Il chiarimento della sua struttura chimica e la constatazione della presenza di una <a href="/wiki/Molecola" title="Molecola">molecola</a> di <a href="/wiki/Ribitolo" title="Ribitolo">ribitolo</a> fece sì che il nome della vitamina venne cambiato in quello di riboflavina. Nel <a href="/wiki/1935" title="1935">1935</a> avvenne la sintesi di tale composto ad opera di <a href="/wiki/Richard_Kuhn" title="Richard Kuhn">Richard Kuhn</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Caratteristiche">Caratteristiche</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riboflavina&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Caratteristiche" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riboflavina&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Caratteristiche"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La riboflavina è un <a href="/wiki/Composto_eterociclico" title="Composto eterociclico">composto eterociclico</a> ottenuto da una molecola di <a href="/wiki/Flavina" class="mw-redirect" title="Flavina">flavina</a> cui è legata una catena formata da ribitolo. È un composto di colore giallo poco solubile in <a href="/wiki/Acqua" title="Acqua">acqua</a>, stabile al <a href="/wiki/Calore" title="Calore">calore</a> (la cottura ne determina l'inattivazione di solo il 10-20% del quantitativo totale) e <a href="/wiki/Fluorescenza" title="Fluorescenza">fluorescente</a> qualora sottoposto a <a href="/wiki/Radiazione_ultravioletta" title="Radiazione ultravioletta">luce ultravioletta</a>. </p><p>Se colpito dalla <a href="/wiki/Luce" title="Luce">luce</a>, si determina una reazione di <a href="/wiki/Fotolisi" title="Fotolisi">fotolisi</a> che produce il distacco di un <a href="/wiki/Radicale_libero" title="Radicale libero">radicale</a> ribitolo e conseguente perdita dell'azione vitaminica. </p><p>La riboflavina si trova negli <a href="/wiki/Alimento" title="Alimento">alimenti</a> principalmente come forma fosforilata. Essa, per essere assorbita, viene defosforilata da specifiche <a href="/wiki/Fosfatasi" title="Fosfatasi">fosfatasi</a> che si trovano nell'<a href="/wiki/Intestino" title="Intestino">intestino</a> tenue. Successivamente la vitamina viene assorbita tramite un sistema di trasporto facilitato. </p><p>La riboflavina viene trasportata nel <a href="/wiki/Sangue" title="Sangue">sangue</a> legata ad alcune <a href="/wiki/Protidi" class="mw-redirect" title="Protidi">proteine</a> <a href="/wiki/Plasma_(biologia)" title="Plasma (biologia)">plasmatiche</a>, soprattutto <a href="/wiki/Albumina" title="Albumina">albumina</a> ed altre globuline quali <a href="/wiki/IgA" title="IgA">IgA</a>, <a href="/wiki/IgG" title="IgG">IgG</a> ed <a href="/wiki/IgM" title="IgM">IgM</a>. Dal sangue essa raggiunge il <a href="/wiki/Fegato" title="Fegato">fegato</a> ed altri tessuti dove viene successivamente trasformata in flavin-mononucleotide (FMN) e flavin-adenin-dinucleotide (FAD), le due forme coenzimatiche. </p><p>Circa il 12% della vitamina assunta con la dieta viene eliminata con le <a href="/wiki/Urina" title="Urina">urine</a> sotto forma di riboflavina.<br /> La conversione della riboflavine nelle due forme coenzimatiche avviene attraverso reazioni di fosforilazioni: </p> <ul><li>FMN si ottiene per fosforilazione di una molecola di riboflavina: riboflavina + ATP -> FMN + ADP,</li> <li>FAD si ottiene per adenilazione di una molecola di FMN: FMN + ATP -> FAD + Pi-Pi (pirofosfato).</li></ul> <p>Le due forme coenzimatiche sono componenti essenziali degli <a href="/wiki/Enzima" title="Enzima">enzimi</a> flavinici, funzionando da gruppi prostetici. Essi intervengono in varie reazioni di ossidoriduzione del metabolismo dei <a href="/wiki/Carboidrati" class="mw-redirect" title="Carboidrati">carboidrati</a>, proteine e <a href="/wiki/Lipidi" title="Lipidi">lipidi</a> tra cui: <a href="/wiki/Decarbossilazione" title="Decarbossilazione">decarbossilazione</a> ossidativa del <a href="/wiki/Acido_piruvico" title="Acido piruvico">piruvato</a>, ossidazione di acidi grassi ed <a href="/wiki/Aminoacido" class="mw-redirect" title="Aminoacido">aminoacidi</a>, trasporto degli <a href="/wiki/Elettrone" title="Elettrone">elettroni</a> durante la <a href="/wiki/Fosforilazione_ossidativa" title="Fosforilazione ossidativa">fosforilazione ossidativa</a>. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Riboflavin_v2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Struttura della riboflavina"><img alt="Struttura della riboflavina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Riboflavin_v2.svg/106px-Riboflavin_v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="106" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Riboflavin_v2.svg/159px-Riboflavin_v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Riboflavin_v2.svg/212px-Riboflavin_v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="530" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Struttura della riboflavina</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flavin_mononucleotide_v2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Struttura del flavin mononucleotide (FMN)"><img alt="Struttura del flavin mononucleotide (FMN)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Flavin_mononucleotide_v2.svg/92px-Flavin_mononucleotide_v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="92" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Flavin_mononucleotide_v2.svg/138px-Flavin_mononucleotide_v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Flavin_mononucleotide_v2.svg/184px-Flavin_mononucleotide_v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="565" data-file-height="735" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Struttura del <a href="/wiki/Flavin_mononucleotide" class="mw-redirect" title="Flavin mononucleotide">flavin mononucleotide</a> (FMN)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flavin_adenine_dinucleotide.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Struttura del flavin adenina dinucleotide (FAD)"><img alt="Struttura del flavin adenina dinucleotide (FAD)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flavin_adenine_dinucleotide.png/120px-Flavin_adenine_dinucleotide.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flavin_adenine_dinucleotide.png/180px-Flavin_adenine_dinucleotide.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Flavin_adenine_dinucleotide.png/240px-Flavin_adenine_dinucleotide.png 2x" data-file-width="1367" data-file-height="1225" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Struttura del <a href="/wiki/Flavin_adenina_dinucleotide" class="mw-redirect" title="Flavin adenina dinucleotide">flavin adenina dinucleotide</a> (FAD)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fonti_alimentari">Fonti alimentari</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riboflavina&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Fonti alimentari" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riboflavina&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Fonti alimentari"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Riboflavin_powder.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Riboflavin_powder.jpg/180px-Riboflavin_powder.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Riboflavin_powder.jpg/270px-Riboflavin_powder.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Riboflavin_powder.jpg/360px-Riboflavin_powder.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1266" data-file-height="1031" /></a><figcaption>Riboflavina</figcaption></figure> <p>La riboflavina, in natura, è abbondantemente presente. Si trova nelle verdure, nel lievito e soprattutto nel <a href="/wiki/Latte" title="Latte">latte</a>, nel <a href="/wiki/Fegato_(alimento)" title="Fegato (alimento)">fegato</a>, nel <a href="/wiki/Cuore" title="Cuore">cuore</a>, nel <a href="/wiki/Rene" title="Rene">rene</a> e nell'<a href="/wiki/Albume" title="Albume">albume</a> dell'<a href="/wiki/Uovo_(alimento)" title="Uovo (alimento)">uovo</a>. Nelle verdure il contenuto della vitamina è presente soprattutto nelle parti a crescita attiva e diminuisce allorché la pianta smette di crescere. Anche nel latte la quantità di riboflavina può essere variabile a seconda del tipo di alimentazione degli animali produttori. Nei tessuti dei <a href="/wiki/Mammifero" class="mw-redirect" title="Mammifero">mammiferi</a> la vitamina è presente nella forma coenzimatica. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Carenza">Carenza</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riboflavina&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Carenza" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riboflavina&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Carenza"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La riboflavina è coinvolta in moltissime reazioni metaboliche che possono riguardare anche altre vitamine. Ciò significa che uno stato carenziale di riboflavina può portare ad uno stato pluricarenziale di altre vitamine. </p><p>In corso di carenza di riboflavina si rilevano tra l'altro: alterazioni <a href="/wiki/Mitocondrio" title="Mitocondrio">mitocondriali</a>, inibizione della conversione della <a href="/wiki/Vitamina_B6" title="Vitamina B6">vitamina B<sub>6</sub></a> nelle sue forme coenzimatiche, aumento della <a href="/wiki/Perossidazione_lipidica" title="Perossidazione lipidica">perossidazione lipidica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anemia" title="Anemia">anemia</a> da <a href="/wiki/Carenza_di_ferro" class="mw-redirect" title="Carenza di ferro">carenza di ferro</a>, aumento della sintesi di <a href="/wiki/Glutatione" title="Glutatione">glutatione</a> e conseguente diminuzione degli aminoacidi coinvolti in questo processo. </p><p>A livello macroscopico si rileva arresto della crescita e comparsa di una sindrome simile alla pellagra caratterizzata da lesioni delle mucose e dell'<a href="/wiki/Epitelio" class="mw-redirect" title="Epitelio">epitelio</a> dell'<a href="/wiki/Occhio" title="Occhio">occhio</a> (vascolarizzazione bilaterale della <a href="/wiki/Cornea" title="Cornea">cornea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Congiuntivite" title="Congiuntivite">congiuntivite</a> ed opacità), dell'apparato gastrointestinale e delle zone di passaggio tra cute e mucose (caratteristica è la <a href="/wiki/Stomatite_angolare" class="mw-redirect" title="Stomatite angolare">stomatite angolare</a>). </p><p>Si ha <a href="/wiki/Dolore" title="Dolore">dolore</a> e/o <a href="/wiki/Bruciore" title="Bruciore">bruciore</a> alle <a href="/wiki/Labbra" class="mw-redirect" title="Labbra">labbra</a>, alla <a href="/wiki/Lingua_(anatomia)" title="Lingua (anatomia)">lingua</a> o alla <a href="/wiki/Bocca" title="Bocca">bocca</a> e difficoltà a <a href="/wiki/Deglutizione" title="Deglutizione">deglutire</a> e <a href="/wiki/Masticazione" title="Masticazione">masticare</a>, pallore, formazione di screpolature e ragadi dolorose, <a href="/wiki/Dermatite_seborroica" title="Dermatite seborroica">dermatite seborroica</a>. Si può anche avere lacrimazione, bruciore e prurito oculari e diminuzione dell'acutezza visiva. </p><p>Si può valutare il contenuto di riboflavina dell'organismo misurando l'effetto sulla glutatione reduttasi eritrocitaria della riattivazione con FAD, la forma attiva della riboflavina. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Livelli_di_assunzione_e_tossicità"><span id="Livelli_di_assunzione_e_tossicit.C3.A0"></span>Livelli di assunzione e tossicità</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riboflavina&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Livelli di assunzione e tossicità" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riboflavina&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Livelli di assunzione e tossicità"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La riboflavina è importante nel metabolismo energetico per cui il fabbisogno giornaliero viene calcolato in base alle <a href="/wiki/Caloria" title="Caloria">calorie</a> che vengono introdotte. Attualmente si consiglia un introito giornaliero di 0,6 mg/1000 Kcal. Una piccola quantità di riboflavina viene fornita dalla flora intestinale. </p><p>Poiché il sistema di assorbimento della riboflavina è saturabile (sembra che non superi i 25 mg) e visto che pare esistere un limite massimo di accumulo di tale vitamina nell'organismo, non ne sono noti effetti tossici da assunzione eccessiva anche per lunghi periodi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riboflavina&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riboflavina&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text">Sigma Aldrich; rev. dell'11.07.2012</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riboflavina&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riboflavina&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Renato Mariani Costantini, Carlo Cannella, Giovanni Tomassi: Fondamenti di Nutrizione Umana; Il Pensiero Scientifico Editore.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riboflavina&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riboflavina&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ciclo_di_Krebs" title="Ciclo di Krebs">Ciclo di Krebs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FAD" class="mw-redirect" title="FAD">FAD</a> e <a href="/wiki/FADH2" class="mw-redirect" title="FADH2">FADH2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitamina" class="mw-redirect" title="Vitamina">Vitamina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumiflavina" title="Lumiflavina">Lumiflavina</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riboflavina&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riboflavina&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/riboflavina" class="extiw" title="wikt:riboflavina">Wikizionario</a></li> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Riboflavin"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Riboflavin?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/" title="Collabora a Wikizionario"><img alt="Collabora a Wikizionario" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/18px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/27px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/36px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="350" /></a></span> <a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="wikt:">Wikizionario</a> contiene il lemma di dizionario «<b><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/riboflavina" class="extiw" title="wikt:riboflavina">riboflavina</a></b>»</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Riboflavin?uselang=it">riboflavina</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riboflavina&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Riboflavina&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFTreccani.it" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/riboflavina"><span style="font-style:italic;">riboflavina</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Treccani.it – Enciclopedie on line</span>, <a href="/wiki/Istituto_dell%27Enciclopedia_Italiana" title="Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130365#P3365" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/science/riboflavin"><span style="font-style:italic;">riboflavin</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130365#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120112081402/http://www.sinu.it/larn/vit_idro.asp#RIBOFLAVINA"><span style="font-style:italic;">sinu.it</span></a>. <small>URL consultato il 3 gennaio 2005</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://www.sinu.it/larn/vit_idro.asp#RIBOFLAVINA">url originale</abbr> il 12 gennaio 2012)</small>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050413032123/http://apps3.fao.org/jecfa/additive_specs/docs/0/additive-0373.htm"><span style="font-style:italic;">Specifiche tecniche della riboflavina come additivo alimentare</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">apps3.fao.org</span>. <small>URL consultato il 22 aprile 2005</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://apps3.fao.org/jecfa/additive_specs/docs/0/additive-0373.htm">url originale</abbr> il 13 aprile 2005)</small>.</cite></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFTreccani_riboflavina" class="citation testo" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/riboflavina"><span style="font-style:italic;">Riboflavina</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Treccani.it – Enciclopedie on line</span>, Roma, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana.</cite></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r141815314">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;margin:auto;padding:2px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox th{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:#ccf;font-size:90%;width:100%;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_navbar{float:left;margin:0;padding:0 10px 0 0;text-align:left;width:6em}.mw-parser-output .navbox_title{font-size:110%}.mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:#ddf;font-size:90%;padding:0 10px;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output 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.navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}</style><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Vitamine"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Vitamine" title="Template:Vitamine"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussioni_template:Vitamine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discussioni template:Vitamine (la pagina non esiste)"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Vitamine&action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l'anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><a href="/wiki/Vitamine" title="Vitamine">Vitamine</a></span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Solubili in grasso</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Vitamina_A" class="mw-redirect" title="Vitamina A">A</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Acido_retinoico" title="Acido retinoico">Acido retinoico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Carotene" title="Carotene">Carotene</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfa-carotene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfa-carotene (la pagina non esiste)">Alfa</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Beta-carotene" title="Beta-carotene">Beta</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamma-carotene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gamma-carotene (la pagina non esiste)">Gamma</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Delta-carotene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Delta-carotene (la pagina non esiste)">Delta</a>)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Retinale" title="Retinale">Retinale</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Retinolo" title="Retinolo">Retinolo</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Vitamina_D" title="Vitamina D">D</a></th><td colspan="1">D<sub>2</sub> (<a href="/wiki/Ergosterolo" title="Ergosterolo">Ergosterolo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ergocalciferolo" title="Ergocalciferolo">Ergocalciferolo</a>)<b> ·</b> D<sub>3</sub> (<a href="/wiki/7-deidrocolesterolo" title="7-deidrocolesterolo">7-deidrocolesterolo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Acido_calcitroico" title="Acido calcitroico">Acido calcitroico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Calcidiolo" title="Calcidiolo">Calcidiolo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Calcitriolo" title="Calcitriolo">Calcitriolo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Colecalciferolo" title="Colecalciferolo">Colecalciferolo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Previtamina_D3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Previtamina D3 (la pagina non esiste)">Previtamina D<sub>3</sub></a>)<b> ·</b> D<sub>4</sub> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=22-deidroergocalciferolo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="22-deidroergocalciferolo (la pagina non esiste)">22-deidroergocalciferolo</a>)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Vitamina_D5" title="Vitamina D5">D<sub>5</sub></a><b> ·</b> Altri analoghi (<a href="/wiki/Alfacalcidolo" title="Alfacalcidolo">Alfacalcidolo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Diidrotachisterolo" title="Diidrotachisterolo">Diidrotachisterolo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Calcipotriolo" title="Calcipotriolo">Calcipotriolo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Tacalcitolo" title="Tacalcitolo">Tacalcitolo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paricalcitolo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paricalcitolo (la pagina non esiste)">Paricalcitolo</a>)</td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Vitamina_E" class="mw-redirect" title="Vitamina E">E</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Tocoferolo" title="Tocoferolo">Tocoferolo</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfa-tocoferolo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfa-tocoferolo (la pagina non esiste)">Alfa</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Beta-tocoferolo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beta-tocoferolo (la pagina non esiste)">Beta</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamma-tocoferolo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gamma-tocoferolo (la pagina non esiste)">Gamma</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Delta-tocoferolo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Delta-tocoferolo (la pagina non esiste)">Delta</a>)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tocotrienolo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tocotrienolo (la pagina non esiste)">Tocotrienolo</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfa-tocotrienolo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfa-tocotrienolo (la pagina non esiste)">Alfa</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Beta-tocotrienolo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beta-tocotrienolo (la pagina non esiste)">Beta</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gamma-tocotrienolo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gamma-tocotrienolo (la pagina non esiste)">Gamma</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Delta-tocotrienolo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Delta-tocotrienolo (la pagina non esiste)">Delta</a>)<b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tocofersolan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tocofersolan (la pagina non esiste)">Tocofersolan</a></td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Vitamina_K" title="Vitamina K">K</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Naftochinone" title="Naftochinone">Naftochinone</a><b> ·</b> K<sub>1</sub> (<a href="/wiki/Fitomenadione" title="Fitomenadione">Fitomenadione</a>)<b> ·</b> K<sub>2</sub> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Menachinone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Menachinone (la pagina non esiste)">Menachinone</a>)<b> ·</b> K<sub>3</sub> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Menadione&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Menadione (la pagina non esiste)">Menadione</a>)<b> ·</b> K<sub>4</sub><b> ·</b> K<sub>5</sub> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=4-amino-2-metil-1-naftol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4-amino-2-metil-1-naftol (la pagina non esiste)">4-amino-2-metil-1-naftol</a>)<b> ·</b> K<sub>6</sub> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=2-metilnaftalene-1,4-diamine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2-metilnaftalene-1,4-diamine (la pagina non esiste)">2-metilnaftalene-1,4-diamine</a>)<b> ·</b> K<sub>7</sub> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=4-amino-3-metil-1-naftol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4-amino-3-metil-1-naftol (la pagina non esiste)">4-amino-3-metil-1-naftol</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Solubili in acqua</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><table class="subnavbox"><tbody><tr><th class="subnavbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Vitamina_B" title="Vitamina B">B</a></th><td colspan="1">B<sub>1</sub> (<a href="/wiki/Tiamina" title="Tiamina">Tiamina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Acefurtiamina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acefurtiamina (la pagina non esiste)">Acefurtiamina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Allitiamina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Allitiamina (la pagina non esiste)">Allitiamina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fursultiamina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fursultiamina (la pagina non esiste)">Fursultiamina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Octotiamina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Octotiamina (la pagina non esiste)">Octotiamina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prosultiamina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prosultiamina (la pagina non esiste)">Prosultiamina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sulbutiamina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sulbutiamina (la pagina non esiste)">Sulbutiamina</a>)<b> ·</b> B<sub>2</sub> (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Riboflavina</a>)<b> ·</b> B<sub>3</sub> (<a href="/wiki/Niacina" title="Niacina">Niacina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Nicotinamide" title="Nicotinamide">Nicotinamide</a>)<b> ·</b> B<sub>5</sub> (<a href="/wiki/Acido_pantotenico" title="Acido pantotenico">Acido pantotenico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Pantenolo" class="mw-redirect" title="Pantenolo">Pantenolo</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pantetina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pantetina (la pagina non esiste)">Pantetina</a>)<b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Vitamina_B6" title="Vitamina B6">B<sub>6</sub></a> (<a href="/wiki/Piridossale" title="Piridossale">Piridossale</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Piridossina" title="Piridossina">Piridossina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Piridossalfosfato" title="Piridossalfosfato">Piridossalfosfato</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Piridossamina" title="Piridossamina">Piridossamina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Piritinolo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piritinolo (la pagina non esiste)">Piritinolo</a>)<b> ·</b> B<sub>7</sub> (<a href="/wiki/Biotina" title="Biotina">Biotina</a>)<b> ·</b> B<sub>9</sub> (<a href="/wiki/Acido_folico" title="Acido folico">Acido folico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Acido_diidrofolico" title="Acido diidrofolico">Acido diidrofolico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Acido_folinico" title="Acido folinico">Acido folinico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Acido_5-metiltetraidrofolico" title="Acido 5-metiltetraidrofolico">Acido 5-metiltetraidrofolico</a>)<b> ·</b> B<sub>12</sub> (<a href="/wiki/Cobalamina" title="Cobalamina">Cobalamina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Cobamamide" title="Cobamamide">Cobamamide</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Cianocobalamina" class="mw-redirect" title="Cianocobalamina">Cianocobalamina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Idrossocobalamina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Idrossocobalamina (la pagina non esiste)">Idrossocobalamina</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metilcobalamina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metilcobalamina (la pagina non esiste)">Metilcobalamina</a>)</td></tr><tr><th class="subnavbox_group"><a href="/wiki/Vitamina_C" class="mw-redirect" title="Vitamina C">C</a></th><td colspan="1"><a href="/wiki/Acido_ascorbico" title="Acido ascorbico">Acido ascorbico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Acido_deidroascorbico&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acido deidroascorbico (la pagina non esiste)">Acido deidroascorbico</a><b> ·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ascorbato_di_sodio" title="Ascorbato di sodio">Ascorbato di sodio</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night 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