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<span>Main sights</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Main_sights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>International relations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Grottaferrata</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 64 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-64" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">64 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="جروتافيراتا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جروتافيراتا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="قروتافراتا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قروتافراتا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Гротаферата – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Гротаферата" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata_(munisipyo)" title="Grottaferrata (munisipyo) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Grottaferrata (munisipyo)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="گروتافراتا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گروتافراتا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B7%B8%EB%A1%9C%ED%83%80%ED%8E%98%EB%9D%BC%ED%83%80" title="그로타페라타 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="그로타페라타" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%BF%D5%A1%D6%86%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%A1" title="Գրոտաֆերատա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գրոտաֆերատա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90" title="გროტაფერატა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გროტაფერატა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Гроттаферрата – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Гроттаферрата" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crypta_Ferrata" title="Crypta Ferrata – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Crypta Ferrata" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="جروتتافيرراتا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جروتتافيرراتا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B0%E3%83%AD%E3%83%83%E3%82%BF%E3%83%95%E3%82%A7%E3%83%83%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BF" title="グロッタフェッラータ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="グロッタフェッラータ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Гроттаферрата – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Гроттаферрата" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Гроттаферрата – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гроттаферрата" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gruttafirrata" title="Gruttafirrata – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Gruttafirrata" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Гротаферата – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Гротаферата" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Гроттаферрата – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Гроттаферрата" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Гроттаферрата – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гроттаферрата" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7" title="گروتافیراتا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="گروتافیراتا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E7%BD%97%E5%A1%94%E8%B4%B9%E6%8B%89%E5%A1%94" title="格罗塔费拉塔 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="格罗塔费拉塔" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grottaferrata" title="Grottaferrata – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Grottaferrata" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E7%BD%97%E5%A1%94%E8%B4%B9%E6%8B%89%E5%A1%94" title="格罗塔费拉塔 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="格罗塔费拉塔" 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Molara" redirects here. For the Sardinian Island, see <a href="/wiki/Molara_Island" title="Molara Island">Molara Island</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Comune in Lazio, Italy</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Grottaferrata</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Comune" title="Comune">Comune</a></i></span></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Comune di Grottaferrata</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Grottaferrata_centro.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Corso del Popolo"><img alt="Corso del Popolo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Grottaferrata_centro.jpg/250px-Grottaferrata_centro.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Grottaferrata_centro.jpg/375px-Grottaferrata_centro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Grottaferrata_centro.jpg/500px-Grottaferrata_centro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5002" data-file-height="3751" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Corso del Popolo</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Grottaferrata-Stemma.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Grottaferrata"><img alt="Coat of arms of Grottaferrata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Grottaferrata-Stemma.svg/78px-Grottaferrata-Stemma.svg.png" decoding="async" width="78" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Grottaferrata-Stemma.svg/117px-Grottaferrata-Stemma.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Grottaferrata-Stemma.svg/156px-Grottaferrata-Stemma.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="390" data-file-height="500" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center; height:5px;">Location of Grottaferrata</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <div class="center" style="margin-top:1em"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 270px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="270" data-height="200" data-zoom="11" data-overlays="["_262c264cb4e92c70b259bf9f8a5dde45da53a14f"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,11,a,a,270x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Grottaferrata&revid=1251447388&groups=_262c264cb4e92c70b259bf9f8a5dde45da53a14f" width="270" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,11,a,a,270x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Grottaferrata&revid=1251447388&groups=_262c264cb4e92c70b259bf9f8a5dde45da53a14f 2x" alt="Map" /></a></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Italy_provincial_location_map_2016.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Grottaferrata is located in Italy"><img alt="Grottaferrata is located in Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Italy_provincial_location_map_2016.svg/250px-Italy_provincial_location_map_2016.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="314" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Italy_provincial_location_map_2016.svg/375px-Italy_provincial_location_map_2016.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Italy_provincial_location_map_2016.svg/500px-Italy_provincial_location_map_2016.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1034" data-file-height="1299" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:46.377%;left:50.56%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Grottaferrata"><img alt="Grottaferrata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Grottaferrata</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location of Grottaferrata in Italy</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Italy</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Italy_Lazio_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Grottaferrata is located in Lazio"><img alt="Grottaferrata is located in Lazio" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Italy_Lazio_location_map.svg/250px-Italy_Lazio_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Italy_Lazio_location_map.svg/375px-Italy_Lazio_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Italy_Lazio_location_map.svg/500px-Italy_Lazio_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="683" data-file-height="730" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:50.943%;left:47.527%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Grottaferrata"><img alt="Grottaferrata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Grottaferrata</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Grottaferrata (Lazio)</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Lazio</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Grottaferrata&params=41_47_18_N_12_40_18_E_region:IT_type:city(20636)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">41°47′18″N</span> <span class="longitude">12°40′18″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">41.78833°N 12.67167°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">41.78833; 12.67167</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Italy" title="Regions of Italy">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lazio" title="Lazio">Lazio</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_cities_of_Italy" title="Metropolitan cities of Italy">Metropolitan city</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_City_of_Rome" class="mw-redirect" title="Metropolitan City of Rome">Rome</a> (RM)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it"><a href="/wiki/Frazione" title="Frazione">Frazioni</a></i></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><b></b>Molara, Squarciarelli, Valleviolata, Valle Marciana</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Mayor</th><td class="infobox-data">Mirko Di Bernardo</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-16139ca327c50d72c40d8c5fd3abe706b989650e-v18_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-16139ca327c50d72c40d8c5fd3abe706b989650e-v18-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">18.4 km<sup>2</sup> (7.1 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">329 m (1,079 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(31 August 2020)<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-6c4193b2686f905553042f4ae1ae4934aea078c8-v18_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-6c4193b2686f905553042f4ae1ae4934aea078c8-v18-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">20,636</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">1,100/km<sup>2</sup> (2,900/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Grottaferratesi</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B1" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+1">UTC+1</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Time" title="Central European Time">CET</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B2" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+2">UTC+2</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Summer_Time" title="Central European Summer Time">CEST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Postal code</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">00046</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_dialling_codes_in_Italy" title="List of dialling codes in Italy">Dialing code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">06</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Patron saint</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/St._Nilus_the_Younger" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Nilus the Younger">St. Nilus the Younger</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Saint day</th><td class="infobox-data">September 26</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.comune.grottaferrata.roma.it">Official website</a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Grottaferrata</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Italian pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="it-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian" title="Help:IPA/Italian">[ˌɡrɔttaferˈraːta,<span class="wrap"> </span>ˌɡro-]</a></span>)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a <i><a href="/wiki/Comune" title="Comune">comune</a></i> (municipality) in the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_City_of_Rome_Capital" title="Metropolitan City of Rome Capital">Metropolitan City of Rome Capital</a>, situated on the lower slopes of the <a href="/wiki/Alban_Hills" title="Alban Hills">Alban Hills</a>, 20 kilometres (12 miles) southeast of <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>. It has grown up around the <a href="/wiki/Territorial_Abbacy_of_Saint_Mary_of_Grottaferrata" title="Territorial Abbacy of Saint Mary of Grottaferrata">Abbey of Santa Maria di Grottaferrata</a>, founded in 1004. Nearby communes include <a href="/wiki/Frascati" title="Frascati">Frascati</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rocca_di_Papa" title="Rocca di Papa">Rocca di Papa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marino,_Lazio" title="Marino, Lazio">Marino</a> and Rome. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grottaferrata&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The history of Grottaferrata identifies largely with that of the <a href="/wiki/Basilian_monk" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilian monk">Basilian</a> <a href="/wiki/Monastery_of_Santa_Maria_di_Grottaferrata" class="mw-redirect" title="Monastery of Santa Maria di Grottaferrata">Monastery of Santa Maria</a>, founded here in 1004 by <a href="/wiki/Saint_Nilus_the_Younger" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Nilus the Younger">Saint Nilus the Younger</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-GROVE_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GROVE-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Origin_myth" title="Origin myth">founding legend</a> narrates that, at the spot where the abbey now stands, the <a href="/wiki/Virgin_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Virgin Mary">Virgin Mary</a> appeared and bade him found a church in her honour. </p><p>From Gregory, the powerful <a href="/wiki/Count_of_Tusculum" class="mw-redirect" title="Count of Tusculum">Count of Tusculum</a>, father of Popes <a href="/wiki/Benedict_VIII" class="mw-redirect" title="Benedict VIII">Benedict VIII</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pope_John_XIX" title="Pope John XIX">John XIX</a>, Nilus obtained the site, which had been a <a href="/wiki/Roman_villa" title="Roman villa">Roman villa</a>, where among the ruins there remained a low edifice of <i><a href="/wiki/Opus_quadratum" title="Opus quadratum">opus quadratum</a></i> that had been a tomb but had been converted to a Christian <a href="/wiki/Oratory_(worship)" title="Oratory (worship)">oratory</a> in the fourth century. Its iron window grates gave the site the name, first of <i>Cryptaferrata</i> ("ironbound crypt") then of <i>Grottaferrata</i>, commemorated in the coat-of-arms of the commune. From the site, a Roman bronze of a man and a cow attracted the antiquarian attention of <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, who had the group removed to Lucera.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nilus died soon afterwards (26 December 1005) in the Sant' Agata monastery in <a href="/wiki/Tusculum" title="Tusculum">Tusculum</a>. The monastic building was carried out by his successors, especially the fourth abbot, <a href="/wiki/Saint_Bartholomew_the_Younger" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Bartholomew the Younger">Saint Bartholomew</a>, who is usually considered the second founder. Building materials scavenged from the ruined villa were incorporated into the new structure, marble columns, sections of carved cornice, and blocks of the volcanic stone called <i>peperino</i>. The sanctuary was complete enough in 1024 to be consecrated by the Tusculan Pope John XIX. It was dedicated to the <a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Madonna</a> on 17 December 1024.<sup id="cite_ref-GROVE_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GROVE-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The high repute of the monks attracted many gifts; eleventh- and thirteenth-century mosaics remain, but of the ambitious ensemble of <a href="/wiki/Cosmatesque" title="Cosmatesque">Cosmatesque</a> inlay, only the polychrome stone paving remains. The abbey's possessions in lands were numerous and widespread, and in 1131 King <a href="/wiki/Roger_II_of_Sicily" title="Roger II of Sicily">Roger II of Sicily</a> made the abbot Baron of <a href="/wiki/Rossano" title="Rossano">Rossano</a> with an extensive fief. Between the 12th and 15th centuries the monastery suffered from the continual strife of warring factions: Romans and Tusculans, <a href="/wiki/Guelphs_and_Ghibellines" title="Guelphs and Ghibellines">Guelphs and Ghibellines</a>, popes and antipopes, <a href="/wiki/Colonna_family" title="Colonna family">Colonna</a> and <a href="/wiki/Orsini_family" title="Orsini family">Orsini</a>. From 1163 till the <a href="/wiki/Tusculum#Medieval_destruction" title="Tusculum">destruction of Tusculum</a> in 1191, the greater part of the monastic community sought refuge in a dependency of the abbey, the Benedictine <i>protocaenobium</i> of <a href="/wiki/Subiaco,_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Subiaco, Italy">Subiaco</a>. </p><p>In the middle of the 13th century the Emperor <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick II</a> made the abbey his headquarters during the siege of Rome, while in 1378 Breton and Gascon mercenaries held it for the antipope <a href="/wiki/Clement_VII" class="mw-redirect" title="Clement VII">Clement VII</a>. The fifteenth century saw the bloody feuds of the Colonna and the Orsini raging round the walls. According to the humanist <a href="/wiki/Ambrogio_Traversari" class="mw-redirect" title="Ambrogio Traversari">Ambrogio Traversari</a>, in 1432 the appearance of the abbey was that of a barracks rather than a monastery. </p><p>In 1462 began a line of non-resident abbots <i><a href="/wiki/In_commendam" title="In commendam">in commendam</a></i>, fifteen in number, of whom all but one were <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholicism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal (Catholicism)">cardinals</a>. The most distinguished were the Greek <a href="/wiki/Bessarion" title="Bessarion">Bessarion</a>, Giulio della Rovere (afterwards <a href="/wiki/Julius_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Julius II">Julius II</a>), and the last of the line, <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Consalvi" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal Consalvi">Cardinal Consalvi</a>, secretary of state to <a href="/wiki/Pius_VII" class="mw-redirect" title="Pius VII">Pius VII</a>. Cardinal Bessarion, himself a <a href="/wiki/Basilian_monk" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilian monk">Basilian monk</a>, increased the scanty and impoverished community and restored the church. Cardinal Giulio della Rovere, for more selfish motives, erected the castle and surrounded the whole monastery with the imposing fortifications that still exist. <a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Farnese_(cardinal)" title="Alessandro Farnese (cardinal)">Cardinal Alessandro Farnese</a> replaced the ceiling. <a href="/wiki/Gian_Lorenzo_Bernini" title="Gian Lorenzo Bernini">Gian Lorenzo Bernini</a> was commissioned by <a href="/wiki/Francesco_Barberini_(seniore)" class="mw-redirect" title="Francesco Barberini (seniore)">Cardinal Francesco Barberini</a> to provide the high altar, completed in 1665. </p><p>Till 1608 the community was ruled by priors dependent on abbots <i>in commendam</i>, but in that year Grottaferrata became a member of the Basilian congregation founded by <a href="/wiki/Gregory_XIII" class="mw-redirect" title="Gregory XIII">Gregory XIII</a>. The revenues of the community were separated from those of the commendatory abbots, and the first of a series of triennially appointed regular abbots was appointed. The triennial system survived the suppression of the <i>commendam</i> and lasted till the end of the nineteenth century, with one break from 1834 to 1870, when priors were appointed by the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a>. In 1901, new constitutions came into force and Arsenio Pellegrini was installed as the first perpetual regular abbot since 1462. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Greek_Rite" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek Rite">Greek Rite</a> which was brought to Grottaferrata by St. Nilus had lost its native character by the end of the twelfth century, but was restored by order of <a href="/wiki/Leo_XIII" class="mw-redirect" title="Leo XIII">Leo XIII</a> in 1881. The Basilian abbey has always been a home of Greek learning, and Greek hymnography flourished there long after the art had died out within the Byzantine Empire. Monastic studies were revived under Cardinal Bessarion and again in 1608. </p><p>On 11 August 1901 the first electricity reached Grottaferrata from the hydroelectric plant in S. Bartholomew fall. </p><p>On 26 September 1937, the monastery was made a <a href="/wiki/Territorial_abbacy" class="mw-redirect" title="Territorial abbacy">territorial abbacy</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Italo-Albanian_Catholic_Church" title="Italo-Albanian Catholic Church">Italo-Albanian Catholic Church</a> under the title <a href="/wiki/Territorial_Abbacy_of_Saint_Mary_of_Grottaferrata" title="Territorial Abbacy of Saint Mary of Grottaferrata">Territorial Abbacy of Saint Mary of Grottaferrata</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Main_sights">Main sights</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grottaferrata&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Main sights"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Grottaferrata-abbazia01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Grottaferrata-abbazia01.jpg/220px-Grottaferrata-abbazia01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Grottaferrata-abbazia01.jpg/330px-Grottaferrata-abbazia01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Grottaferrata-abbazia01.jpg/440px-Grottaferrata-abbazia01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="375" /></a><figcaption>Façade of the abbey church</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GrottaferrataSNiloChiesaCappSSNilo%26Bartolom.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/GrottaferrataSNiloChiesaCappSSNilo%26Bartolom.jpg/220px-GrottaferrataSNiloChiesaCappSSNilo%26Bartolom.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/GrottaferrataSNiloChiesaCappSSNilo%26Bartolom.jpg/330px-GrottaferrataSNiloChiesaCappSSNilo%26Bartolom.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/GrottaferrataSNiloChiesaCappSSNilo%26Bartolom.jpg/440px-GrottaferrataSNiloChiesaCappSSNilo%26Bartolom.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Cappella Farnese</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Abbey_of_Saint_Mary_of_Grottaferrata" class="mw-redirect" title="Abbey of Saint Mary of Grottaferrata">Abbey of Saint Mary of Grottaferrata</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbazia_di_Santa_Maria_di_Grottaferrata" class="extiw" title="it:Abbazia di Santa Maria di Grottaferrata">it</a>]</span> has several courts, which lead to the famous <a href="/wiki/Portico" title="Portico">portico</a> designed by <a href="/wiki/Antonio_da_Sangallo_the_Younger" title="Antonio da Sangallo the Younger">Antonio da Sangallo the Younger</a>, with an arcade of nine bays supported by slender columns with Renaissance capitals. </p><p>Of the abbey church consecrated by John XIX in 1024, little can be seen in the interior except the mosaics in the <a href="/wiki/Narthex" title="Narthex">narthex</a> and over the triumphal arch, the medieval structures having been covered or destroyed during the "restorations" of various <a href="/wiki/In_Commendam" class="mw-redirect" title="In Commendam">abbots <i>in commendam</i></a>. Some fragmentary thirteenth-century frescoes were revealed in a partial restoration of the church in 1904 to commemorate its novecentennial, when it was made a Roman <a href="/wiki/Basilica" title="Basilica">basilica</a>. The mosaics portray the <i>Twelve Apostles</i> sitting beside an empty throne, evoking Christ's ascent to Heaven. <a href="/wiki/Domenichino" title="Domenichino">Domenichino</a>'s frescoes, commissioned by <a href="/wiki/Odoardo_Farnese_(cardinal)" title="Odoardo Farnese (cardinal)">Cardinal Odoardo Farnese</a> in 1608, can be seen in the chapel of St. Nilus. <a href="/wiki/Annibale_Carracci" title="Annibale Carracci">Annibale Carracci</a> executed the altarpiece of the <i>Madonna with Child with St. Nilus and St. Bartholomew</i>. </p><p>The modern portico protects the ancient façade; the marble portal with a mosaic above it, an example of Italo-Byzantine art of the twelfth century. In the interior is a baptismal font supported on winged lions, of the tenth or eleventh centuries. Noteworthy also is the Romanesque <a href="/wiki/Campanile" class="mw-redirect" title="Campanile">campanile</a> (twelfth century), with five storeys of tripartite arched windows. </p><p>The library of the Abbey, which contains some 50,000 volumes, has a paper conservation <i>Laboratorio di Restauro</i>, which was entrusted with the conservation of <a href="/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci" title="Leonardo da Vinci">Leonardo</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Codex_Atlanticus" title="Codex Atlanticus">Codex Atlanticus</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Ambrosiana" title="Biblioteca Ambrosiana">Biblioteca Ambrosiana</a>; the library houses writings of St. Nilus and his pupils and a rare copy of <a href="/wiki/Alvise_Cadamosto" title="Alvise Cadamosto">Alvise Cadamosto</a>'s collected travel accounts, printed in the early sixteenth century. The monastery's library also includes the largest collection of <a href="/wiki/Greek-language" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek-language">Greek-language</a> manuscripts pre-dating the year 1600 found in a monastery anywhere in Western Europe. The founders of the monastery had come from <a href="/wiki/Calabria" title="Calabria">Calabria</a> and brought with them the tradition of Greek-speaking settlements in Southern Italy and Sicily. Of the more than 200 Greek language manuscripts in the collection, forty of them consist of <a href="/wiki/Music_notation" class="mw-redirect" title="Music notation">music notation</a>, most of which are written in the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Rite" title="Byzantine Rite">Byzantine Rite</a> that pre-dated the reforms made to <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_music" title="Byzantine music">Byzantine music</a> by <a href="/wiki/John_Koukouzeles" title="John Koukouzeles">John Koukouzeles</a> in the 14th century. The library has many rare manuscripts of Byzantine music, some of which contain types of music and notation that eventually fell out of favor in the East and were not well preserved in that region.<sup id="cite_ref-GROVE_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GROVE-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_IX" title="Pope Benedict IX">Pope Benedict IX</a> died and was buried in this abbey. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_relations">International relations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grottaferrata&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: International relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Italy" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Italy">List of twin towns and sister cities in Italy</a></div> <p>Grottaferrata is <a href="/wiki/Twin_towns_and_sister_cities" class="mw-redirect" title="Twin towns and sister cities">twinned</a> with: </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Vand%C5%93uvre-l%C3%A8s-Nancy" title="Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy">Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Patmos" title="Patmos">Patmos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a><sup id="cite_ref-Greek_twinnings_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Greek_twinnings-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/State_of_Palestine" title="State of Palestine"><img alt="State of Palestine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/46px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Bethlehem, Palestine</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bisignano" title="Bisignano">Bisignano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bracigliano" title="Bracigliano">Bracigliano</a>, Italy</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Oria,_Apulia" title="Oria, Apulia">Oria</a>, Italy</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Rofrano" title="Rofrano">Rofrano</a>, Italy</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Rossano" title="Rossano">Rossano</a>, Italy</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Sant%27Elia_Fiumerapido" title="Sant'Elia Fiumerapido">Sant'Elia Fiumerapido</a>, Italy</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/San_Mauro_la_Bruca" title="San Mauro la Bruca">San Mauro la Bruca</a>, Italy</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Climate">Climate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grottaferrata&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_Climate_Classification" class="mw-redirect" title="Köppen Climate Classification">Köppen Climate Classification</a> subtype for this climate is "<a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_climate" title="Mediterranean climate">Csa</a>" (Mediterranean Climate).<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grottaferrata&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-wikidata-16139ca327c50d72c40d8c5fd3abe706b989650e-v18-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-16139ca327c50d72c40d8c5fd3abe706b989650e-v18_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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Italian National Institute of Statistics<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Superficie+di+Comuni+Province+e+Regioni+italiane+al+9+ottobre+2011&rft.pub=Italian+National+Institute+of+Statistics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.istat.it%2Fit%2Farchivio%2F156224&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrottaferrata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wikidata-6c4193b2686f905553042f4ae1ae4934aea078c8-v18-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-6c4193b2686f905553042f4ae1ae4934aea078c8-v18_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://demo.istat.it/pop2018/index3.html">"Popolazione Residente al 1° Gennaio 2018"</a>. Italian National Institute of Statistics<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Popolazione+Residente+al+1%C2%B0+Gennaio+2018&rft.pub=Italian+National+Institute+of+Statistics&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdemo.istat.it%2Fpop2018%2Findex3.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrottaferrata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLuciano_Canepari" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Luciano_Canepari" title="Luciano Canepari">Luciano Canepari</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dipionline.it/dizionario/ricerca?lemma=Grottaferrata">"Grottaferrata"</a>. <i>DiPI Online</i> (in Italian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DiPI+Online&rft.atitle=Grottaferrata&rft.au=Luciano+Canepari&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dipionline.it%2Fdizionario%2Fricerca%3Flemma%3DGrottaferrata&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrottaferrata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GROVE-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GROVE_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GROVE_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GROVE_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrunk2002" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Strunk, Oliver (2002). "Grottaferrata". <i>Grove Music Online</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fgmo%2F9781561592630.article.11838">10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.11838</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Grottaferrata&rft.btitle=Grove+Music+Online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fgmo%2F9781561592630.article.11838&rft.aulast=Strunk&rft.aufirst=Oliver&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrottaferrata" class="Z3988"></span><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(subscription required)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Roberto Weiss, <i>The Renaissance Discovery of Classical Antiquity</i> (Oxford: Blackwell) 1973:12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vatican.va/archive/aas/documents/AAS-30-1938-ocr.pdf"><i>Acta Apostolicae Sedis</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Vol. XXX. 1938. pp. 183–86<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Acta+Apostolicae+Sedis&rft.pages=183-86&rft.date=1938&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vatican.va%2Farchive%2Faas%2Fdocuments%2FAAS-30-1938-ocr.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrottaferrata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Greek_twinnings-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Greek_twinnings_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160115172503/http://www.kedke.gr/uploads/twinnedcities.pdf">"Twinnings"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Central Union of Municipalities & Communities of Greece</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kedke.gr/uploads/twinnedcities.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2016-01-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-08-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Central+Union+of+Municipalities+%26+Communities+of+Greece&rft.atitle=Twinnings&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kedke.gr%2Fuploads%2Ftwinnedcities.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrottaferrata" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=162391&cityname=Grottaferrata%2C+Latium%2C+Italy&units=">Climate Summary for Grottaferrata</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grottaferrata&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerbermann1913" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/Abbey_of_Grottaferrata" class="extiw" title="s:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Abbey of Grottaferrata">Abbey of Grottaferrata</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i>. New York: Robert Appleton Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Abbey+of+Grottaferrata&rft.btitle=Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Robert+Appleton+Company&rft.date=1913&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGrottaferrata" class="Z3988"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grottaferrata&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abbaziagreca.it/en/index.asp">Exarchic Abbey of St. Mary in Grottaferrata</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131213054600/http://www.abbaziagreca.it/en/index.asp">Archived</a> 2013-12-13 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.romecity.it/Abbaziadisannilo.htm">Abbey of St. Nile</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Italian)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.byzantines.net/OurLadyofGrace/article.htm">Italy's Byzantine Catholics</a></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242703#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/143701728">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4228607-4">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79063212">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12235228j">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12235228j">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Grottaferrata (Itálie)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge1055638&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007564354005171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/7ecdacd9-c486-446e-83c6-df5e2107abcd">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" 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