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Bassari Country: Bassari, Fula and Bedik Cultural Landscapes – collection postcards
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The Bassari landscape is marked by terraces and rice paddies, interspersed with villages, hamlets and archaeological sites. The Bedik villages are formed by dense groups of huts with steep thatched roofs. Their inhabitants’ cultural expressions are characterized by <strong>original traits of agro-pastoral, social, ritual and spiritual practices, which represent an original response to environmental constraints and human pressures</strong>. The site is a well-preserved multicultural landscape housing original and still vibrant local cultures.</p> <p>Since <strong>2012 </strong>it is a Unesco site.</p> <p>Thanks to Phil for the postcard.</p> <p><img data-attachment-id="6098" data-permalink="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/senegal-bassari/" data-orig-file="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/senegal-bassari.jpg" data-orig-size="1688,1224" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"Canon MG2500 series","caption":"","created_timestamp":"","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="senegal – bassari" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/senegal-bassari.jpg?w=300" data-large-file="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/senegal-bassari.jpg?w=748" 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href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/bulgaria-%f0%9f%87%a7%f0%9f%87%ac/">Bulgaria 🇧🇬</a> (9) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574041557"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/cambodia-%f0%9f%87%b0%f0%9f%87%ad/">Cambodia 🇰🇭</a> (2) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574041621"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/cameroon-%f0%9f%87%a8%f0%9f%87%b2/">Cameroon 🇨🇲</a> (1) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-441362330"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/canada-%f0%9f%87%a8%f0%9f%87%a6/">Canada 🇨🇦</a> (20) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574041818"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/cote-divoire-%f0%9f%87%a8%f0%9f%87%ae/">Côte d'Ivoire 🇨🇮</a> (1) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574041865"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/central-africa-republic-%f0%9f%87%a8%f0%9f%87%ab/">Central Africa Republic 🇨🇫</a> (1) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-522938179"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/chile-%f0%9f%87%a8%f0%9f%87%b1/">Chile 🇨🇱</a> (3) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-526054326"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/china-%f0%9f%87%a8%f0%9f%87%b3/">China 🇨🇳</a> (55) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-524331219"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/colombia-%f0%9f%87%a8%f0%9f%87%b4/">Colombia 🇨🇴</a> (2) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574042209"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/congo-%f0%9f%87%a8%f0%9f%87%ac/">Congo 🇨🇬</a> (1) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574042410"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/croatia-%f0%9f%87%ad%f0%9f%87%b7/">Croatia 🇭🇷</a> (8) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-525839068"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/cuba-%f0%9f%87%a8%f0%9f%87%ba/">Cuba 🇨🇺</a> (5) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574042495"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/cyprus-%f0%9f%87%a8%f0%9f%87%be/">Cyprus 🇨🇾</a> (4) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574042522"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/czech-republic-%f0%9f%87%a8%f0%9f%87%bf/">Czech Republic 🇨🇿</a> (13) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-487128979"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/denmark-%f0%9f%87%a9%f0%9f%87%b0/">Denmark 🇩🇰</a> (7) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-610013386"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/dominica-%f0%9f%87%a9%f0%9f%87%b2/">Dominica 🇩🇲</a> (1) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-524239538"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/ecuador-%f0%9f%87%aa%f0%9f%87%a8/">Ecuador 🇪🇨</a> (5) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-523909795"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/egypt-%f0%9f%87%aa%f0%9f%87%ac/">Egypt 🇪🇬</a> (4) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-526551321"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/el-salvador-%f0%9f%87%b8%f0%9f%87%bb/">El Salvador 🇸🇻</a> (1) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574042690"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/estonia-%f0%9f%87%aa%f0%9f%87%aa/">Estonia 🇪🇪</a> (2) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-524143431"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/ethiopia-%f0%9f%87%aa%f0%9f%87%b9/">Ethiopia 🇪🇹</a> (7) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-409853314"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/finland-%f0%9f%87%ab%f0%9f%87%ae/">Finland 🇫🇮</a> (7) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-526054292"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/france-%f0%9f%87%ab%f0%9f%87%b7/">France 🇫🇷</a> (40) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-524331051"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/gambia-%f0%9f%87%ac%f0%9f%87%b2/">Gambia 🇬🇲</a> (1) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-523444212"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/georgia-%f0%9f%87%ac%f0%9f%87%aa/">Georgia 🇬🇪</a> (3) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-561337912"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/germany-%f0%9f%87%a9%f0%9f%87%aa/">Germany 🇩🇪</a> (49) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-610013655"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/ghana-%f0%9f%87%ac%f0%9f%87%ad/">Ghana 🇬🇭</a> (1) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574042836"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/greece-%f0%9f%87%ac%f0%9f%87%b7/">Greece 🇬🇷</a> (14) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-526551326"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/guatemala-%f0%9f%87%ac%f0%9f%87%b9/">Guatemala 🇬🇹</a> (2) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574042994"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/guinea-%f0%9f%87%ac%f0%9f%87%b3/">Guinea 🇬🇳</a> (1) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574042916"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/holy-see-%f0%9f%87%bb%f0%9f%87%a6/">Holy See 🇻🇦</a> (2) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-526551329"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/honduras-%f0%9f%87%ad%f0%9f%87%b3/">Honduras 🇭🇳</a> (1) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-527836491"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/hungary-%f0%9f%87%ad%f0%9f%87%ba/">Hungary 🇭🇺</a> (8) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-524331225"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/iceland-%f0%9f%87%ae%f0%9f%87%b8/">Iceland 🇮🇸</a> (2) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-524136348"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/india-%f0%9f%87%ae%f0%9f%87%b3/">India 🇮🇳</a> (38) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-561788764"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/indonesia-%f0%9f%87%ae%f0%9f%87%a9/">Indonesia 🇮🇩</a> (8) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-525983783"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/iran-%f0%9f%87%ae%f0%9f%87%b7/">Iran 🇮🇷</a> (6) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-484073682"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/ireland-%f0%9f%87%ae%f0%9f%87%aa/">Ireland 🇮🇪</a> (2) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574043384"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/israel-%f0%9f%87%ae%f0%9f%87%b1/">Israel 🇮🇱</a> (5) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-494750493"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/italy-%f0%9f%87%ae%f0%9f%87%b9/">Italy 🇮🇹</a> (57) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-549701170"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/japan-%f0%9f%87%af%f0%9f%87%b5/">Japan 🇯🇵</a> (20) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-347043104"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/jerusalem-site-proposed-by-jordan/">Jerusalem (Site proposed by Jordan)</a> (1) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-526549339"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/jordan-%f0%9f%87%af%f0%9f%87%b4/">Jordan 🇯🇴</a> (5) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-527836493"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/kazakhstan-%f0%9f%87%b0%f0%9f%87%bf/">Kazakhstan 🇰🇿</a> (1) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-524329240"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/kenya-%f0%9f%87%b0%f0%9f%87%aa/">Kenya 🇰🇪</a> (1) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-526549342"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/kyrgyzstan-%f0%9f%87%b0%f0%9f%87%ac/">Kyrgyzstan 🇰🇬</a> (1) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-541005450"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/laos-%f0%9f%87%b1%f0%9f%87%a6/">Laos 🇱🇦</a> (2) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-590972058"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/latvia-%f0%9f%87%b1%f0%9f%87%bb/">Latvia 🇱🇻</a> (2) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574044353"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/lebanon-%f0%9f%87%b1%f0%9f%87%a7/">Lebanon 🇱🇧</a> (1) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574044592"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/lithuania-%f0%9f%87%b1%f0%9f%87%b9/">Lithuania 🇱🇹</a> (5) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574044627"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/luxembourg-%f0%9f%87%b1%f0%9f%87%ba/">Luxembourg 🇱🇺</a> (1) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574044653"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/macedonia-%f0%9f%87%b2%f0%9f%87%b0/">Macedonia 🇲🇰</a> (1) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574044756"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/malawi-%f0%9f%87%b2%f0%9f%87%bc/">Malawi 🇲🇼</a> (1) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574044782"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/malaysia-%f0%9f%87%b2%f0%9f%87%be/">Malaysia 🇲🇾</a> (4) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-524160350"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/mali-%f0%9f%87%b2%f0%9f%87%b1/">Mali 🇲🇱</a> (4) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574044861"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/malta-%f0%9f%87%b2%f0%9f%87%b9/">Malta 🇲🇹</a> (3) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-524129940"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/mauritania-%f0%9f%87%b2%f0%9f%87%b7/">Mauritania 🇲🇷</a> (2) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574044908"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/mauritius-%f0%9f%87%b2%f0%9f%87%ba/">Mauritius 🇲🇺</a> (2) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-526551336"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/mexico-%f0%9f%87%b2%f0%9f%87%bd/">Mexico 🇲🇽</a> (13) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-522938061"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/moldova-%f0%9f%87%b2%f0%9f%87%a9/">Moldova 🇲🇩</a> (1) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574044985"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/mongolia-%f0%9f%87%b2%f0%9f%87%b3/">Mongolia 🇲🇳</a> (2) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574045020"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/montenegro-%f0%9f%87%b2%f0%9f%87%aa/">Montenegro 🇲🇪</a> (3) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-524142196"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/morocco-%f0%9f%87%b2%f0%9f%87%a6/">Morocco 🇲🇦</a> (7) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574045095"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/namibia-%f0%9f%87%b3%f0%9f%87%a6/">Namibia 🇳🇦</a> (2) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-526549349"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/nepal-%f0%9f%87%b3%f0%9f%87%b5/">Nepal 🇳🇵</a> (4) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574045160"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/netherlands-%f0%9f%87%b3%f0%9f%87%b1/">Netherlands 🇳🇱</a> (10) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-558675983"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/new-zealand-%f0%9f%87%b3%f0%9f%87%bf/">New Zealand 🇳🇿</a> (3) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-524981092"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/nicaragua-%f0%9f%87%b3%f0%9f%87%ae/">Nicaragua 🇳🇮</a> (1) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574045300"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/norway-%f0%9f%87%b3%f0%9f%87%b4/">Norway 🇳🇴</a> (7) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-526015848"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/oman-%f0%9f%87%b4%f0%9f%87%b2/">Oman 🇴🇲</a> (4) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574045368"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/pakistan-%f0%9f%87%b5%f0%9f%87%b0/">Pakistan 🇵🇰</a> (1) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574045388"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/palestine-%f0%9f%87%b5%f0%9f%87%b8/">Palestine 🇵🇸</a> (2) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-526551342"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/panama-%f0%9f%87%b5%f0%9f%87%a6/">Panama 🇵🇦</a> (2) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-522938272"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/peru-%f0%9f%87%b5%f0%9f%87%aa/">Peru 🇵🇪</a> (9) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574045507"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/philippines-%f0%9f%87%b5%f0%9f%87%ad/">Philippines 🇵🇭</a> (6) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574045520"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/poland-%f0%9f%87%b5%f0%9f%87%b1/">Poland 🇵🇱</a> (16) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-515836350"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/portugal-%f0%9f%87%b5%f0%9f%87%b9/">Portugal 🇵🇹</a> (16) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574045640"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/romania-%f0%9f%87%b7%f0%9f%87%b4/">Romania 🇷🇴</a> (8) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-525835947"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/russia-%f0%9f%87%b7%f0%9f%87%ba/">Russia 🇷🇺</a> (29) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574045746"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/saint-kitts-and-nevis-%f0%9f%87%b0%f0%9f%87%b3/">Saint Kitts and Nevis 🇰🇳</a> (1) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574045765"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/saint-lucia-%f0%9f%87%b1%f0%9f%87%a8/">Saint Lucia 🇱🇨</a> (1) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574045826"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/san-marino-%f0%9f%87%b8%f0%9f%87%b2/">San Marino 🇸🇲</a> (1) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-558675766"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/saudi-arabia-%f0%9f%87%b8%f0%9f%87%a6/">Saudi Arabia 🇸🇦</a> (2) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-524331063"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/senegal-%f0%9f%87%b8%f0%9f%87%b3/">Senegal 🇸🇳</a> (7) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574045879"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/serbia-%f0%9f%87%b7%f0%9f%87%b8/">Serbia 🇷🇸</a> (4) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574045923"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/seychelles-%f0%9f%87%b8%f0%9f%87%a8/">Seychelles 🇸🇨</a> (2) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-558674071"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/singapore-%f0%9f%87%b8%f0%9f%87%ac/">Singapore 🇸🇬</a> (1) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574046023"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/slovakia-%f0%9f%87%b8%f0%9f%87%b0/">Slovakia 🇸🇰</a> (8) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574046048"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/slovenia-%f0%9f%87%b8%f0%9f%87%ae/">Slovenia 🇸🇮</a> (5) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-524137870"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/south-africa-%f0%9f%87%bf%f0%9f%87%a6/">South Africa 🇿🇦</a> (2) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574046108"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/south-korea-%f0%9f%87%b0%f0%9f%87%b7/">South Korea 🇰🇷</a> (12) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574046132"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/spain-%f0%9f%87%aa%f0%9f%87%b8/">Spain 🇪🇸</a> (46) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-574046163"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/sri-lanka-%f0%9f%87%b1%f0%9f%87%b0/">Sri Lanka 🇱🇰</a> (8) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-526054307"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/suriname-%f0%9f%87%b8%f0%9f%87%b7/">Suriname 🇸🇷</a> (1) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-534466087"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/sweden-%f0%9f%87%b8%f0%9f%87%aa/">Sweden 🇸🇪</a> (15) </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-562107239"><a href="https://collectionpostcards.wordpress.com/category/switzerland-%f0%9f%87%a8%f0%9f%87%ad/">Switzerland 🇨🇭</a> (12) </li> <li class="cat-item 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