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class="o-customselector__heading"><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/lbnl">Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory</a></div><details class="o-customselector__selector"><summary aria-label="select campus"></summary><div><div class="o-customselector__menu"><div class="o-customselector__sub-heading" id="c-campusselector__sub-heading">eScholarship at …</div><ul class="o-customselector__items" aria-labelledby="c-campusselector__sub-heading" role="list"><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/ucb">UC Berkeley</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/ucd">UC Davis</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/uci">UC Irvine</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/ucla">UCLA</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/ucm">UC Merced</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/ucr">UC Riverside</a></li><li><a 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Located on a 200 acre site in the hills above the Berkeley campus of the University of California, overlooking the San Francisco Bay, Berkeley Lab is a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) National Laboratory managed by the University of California. It has an annual budget of nearly $480 million (FY2002) and employs a staff of about 4,300, including more than a thousand students. </p> <p>Berkeley Lab conducts unclassified research across a wide range of scientific disciplines with key efforts in fundamental studies of the universe; quantitative biology; nanoscience; new energy systems and environmental solutions; and the use of integrated computing as a tool for discovery. It is organized into 17 scientific divisions and hosts four DOE national user facilities. 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Constraints Based on Zwicky Transient Facility Searches for 13 Neutron Star Merger Triggers during O3"/></a><div class="c-pub"><h2 class="c-pub__heading"><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/849251pq"><div class="c-clientmarkup">Kilonova Luminosity Function Constraints Based on Zwicky Transient Facility Searches for 13 Neutron Star Merger Triggers during O3</div></a></h2><div class="c-authorlist"><ul class="c-authorlist__list"><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AKasliwal%2C%20MM">Kasliwal, MM</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AAnand%2C%20S">Anand, S</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AAhumada%2C%20T">Ahumada, T</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AStein%2C%20R">Stein, R</a></li><li><a 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href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AKowalski%2C%20M">Kowalski, M</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AKhandagale%2C%20M">Khandagale, M</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AKulkarni%2C%20SR">Kulkarni, SR</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AKumar%2C%20B">Kumar, B</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ALaher%2C%20RR">Laher, RR</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ALi%2C%20KL">Li, KL</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AMahabal%2C%20A">Mahabal, A</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AMasci%2C%20FJ">Masci, FJ</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AMiller%2C%20AA">Miller, AA</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AMogotsi%2C%20M">Mogotsi, M</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AMohite%2C%20S">Mohite, S</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AMooley%2C%20K">Mooley, K</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AMroz%2C%20P">Mroz, P</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ANewman%2C%20JA">Newman, JA</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ANgeow%2C%20CC">Ngeow, CC</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AOates%2C%20SR">Oates, SR</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3APatil%2C%20AS">Patil, AS</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3APandey%2C%20SB">Pandey, SB</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3APavana%2C%20M">Pavana, M</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3APian%2C%20E">Pian, E</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ARiddle%2C%20R">Riddle, R</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AS%C3%A1nchez-Ram%C3%ADrez%2C%20R">Sánchez-Ramírez, R</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ASharma%2C%20Y">Sharma, Y</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ASingh%2C%20A">Singh, A</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ASmith%2C%20R">Smith, R</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ASoumagnac%2C%20MT">Soumagnac, MT</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ATaggart%2C%20K">Taggart, K</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ATan%2C%20H">Tan, H</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ATzanidakis%2C%20A">Tzanidakis, A</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ATroja%2C%20E">Troja, E</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AValeev%2C%20AF">Valeev, AF</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AWalters%2C%20R">Walters, R</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AWaratkar%2C%20G">Waratkar, G</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AWebb%2C%20S">Webb, S</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AYu%2C%20PC">Yu, PC</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/849251pq" class="c-authorlist__list-more-link">et al.</a></li></ul></div><div class="c-scholworks__publication">(2021)</div><div class="c-pub__abstract"><div class="c-clientmarkup"><p>© 2020. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. We present a systematic search for optical counterparts to 13 gravitational wave (GW) triggers involving at least one neutron star during LIGO/Virgo's third observing run (O3). We searched binary neutron star (BNS) and neutron star black hole (NSBH) merger localizations with the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) and undertook follow-up with the Global Relay of Observatories Watching Transients Happen (GROWTH) collaboration. The GW triggers had a median localization area of 4480 deg2, a median distance of 267 Mpc, and false-alarm rates ranging from 1.5 to 10-25 yr-1. The ZTF coverage in the g and r bands had a median enclosed probability of 39%, median depth of 20.8 mag, and median time lag between merger and the start of observations of 1.5 hr. The O3 follow-up by the GROWTH team comprised 340 UltraViolet/Optical/InfraRed (UVOIR) photometric points, 64 OIR spectra, and three radio images using 17 different telescopes. We find no promising kilonovae (radioactivity-powered counterparts), and we show how to convert the upper limits to constrain the underlying kilonova luminosity function. Initially, we assume that all GW triggers are bona fide astrophysical events regardless of false-alarm rate and that kilonovae accompanying BNS and NSBH mergers are drawn from a common population; later, we relax these assumptions. Assuming that all kilonovae are at least as luminous as the discovery magnitude of GW170817 (-16.1 mag), we calculate that our joint probability of detecting zero kilonovae is only 4.2%. If we assume that all kilonovae are brighter than-16.6 mag (the extrapolated peak magnitude of GW170817) and fade at a rate of 1 mag day-1 (similar to GW170817), the joint probability of zero detections is 7%. If we separate the NSBH and BNS populations based on the online classifications, the joint probability of zero detections, assuming all kilonovae are brighter than-16.6 mag, is 9.7% for NSBH and 7.9% for BNS mergers. Moreover, no more than <57% (<89%) of putative kilonovae could be brighter than-16.6 mag assuming flat evolution (fading by 1 mag day-1) at the 90% confidence level. If we further take into account the online terrestrial probability for each GW trigger, we find that no more than <68% of putative kilonovae could be brighter than-16.6 mag. Comparing to model grids, we find that some kilonovae must have M ej < 0.03 M o˙, X lan > 10-4, or φ > 30° to be consistent with our limits. We look forward to searches in the fourth GW observing run; even 17 neutron star mergers with only 50% coverage to a depth of-16 mag would constrain the maximum fraction of bright kilonovae to <25%.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="c-pubpreview"><a class="c-pubpreview__img" href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7ff3g30n"><img src="/web/20210321063001im_/https://escholarship.org/assets/2432a4d48e131958e242e5f31f2f0113bbb1b0a223959a178680d457f5bb41cc" alt="Cover page of Constraining the Halo Mass of Damped Lyα Absorption Systems (DLAs) at z = 2-3.5 Using the Quasar-CMB Lensing Cross-correlation"/></a><div class="c-pub"><h2 class="c-pub__heading"><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7ff3g30n"><div class="c-clientmarkup">Constraining the Halo Mass of Damped Lyα Absorption Systems (DLAs) at z = 2-3.5 Using the Quasar-CMB Lensing Cross-correlation</div></a></h2><div class="c-authorlist"><ul class="c-authorlist__list"><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ALin%2C%20X">Lin, X</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ACai%2C%20Z">Cai, Z</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ALi%2C%20Y">Li, Y</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AKrolewski%2C%20A">Krolewski, A</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AFerraro%2C%20S">Ferraro, S</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7ff3g30n" class="c-authorlist__list-more-link">et al.</a></li></ul></div><div class="c-scholworks__publication">(2021)</div><div class="c-pub__abstract"><div class="c-clientmarkup"><p>© 2020. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. We study the cross-correlation of damped Lyα systems (DLAs) and their background quasars, using the most updated DLA catalog and the Planck 2018 CMB lensing convergence field. Our measurement suggests that the DLA bias bDLA is smaller than 3.1, corresponding to at a confidence of 90%. These constraints are broadly consistent with Alonso et al. and previous measurements by cross-correlation between DLAs and the Lyα forest (e.g., Font-Ribera et al.; Prez-Rfols et al.). Further, our results demonstrate the potential of obtaining a more precise measurement of the halo mass of the high-redshift sources using next generation CMB experiments with a higher angular resolution. The python-based codes and data products of our analysis are available at https://github.com/LittleLin1999/CMB-lensingxDLA.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="c-pubpreview"><a class="c-pubpreview__img" href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/69x0c54z"><img src="/web/20210321063001im_/https://escholarship.org/assets/e27f610611f56a3f49e9ab93a29f32fe28b7bd58b3ab637d2292041351758bbb" alt="Cover page of Revealing the working mechanism of a multi-functional block copolymer binder for lithium-sulfur batteries"/></a><div class="c-pub"><h2 class="c-pub__heading"><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/69x0c54z"><div class="c-clientmarkup">Revealing the working mechanism of a multi-functional block copolymer binder for lithium-sulfur batteries</div></a></h2><div class="c-authorlist"><ul class="c-authorlist__list"><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AHe%2C%20X">He, X</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ALiu%2C%20Z">Liu, Z</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AGao%2C%20G">Gao, G</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ALiu%2C%20X">Liu, X</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ASwietoslawski%2C%20M">Swietoslawski, M</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AFeng%2C%20J">Feng, J</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ALiu%2C%20G">Liu, G</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AWang%2C%20LW">Wang, LW</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AKostecki%2C%20R">Kostecki, R</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/69x0c54z" class="c-authorlist__list-more-link">et al.</a></li></ul></div><div class="c-scholworks__publication">(2021)</div><div class="c-pub__abstract"><div class="c-clientmarkup"><p>© 2020 The lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery is one of the most promising substitutes for current energy storage systems because of its low cost, high theoretical capacity, and high energy density. However, the high solubility of intermediate products (i.e., lithium polysulfides) and the resultant shuttle effect lead to rapidly fading capacity and a low coulombic efficiency, which hinder the practical application of Li-S batteries. In this study, block copolymers are constructed with both an ethylene oxide unit and a styrene unit and then used as binders for Li-S batteries. Electrochemical performance improvements are attributed to the synergistic effects contributed by the different units of the block copolymer. The ethylene oxide unit traps polysulfide, which bonds strongly with the intermediate lithium polysulfide, and enhances the transport of lithium ions to reach high capacity. Meanwhile, the styrene unit maintains cathode integrity by improving the mechanical properties and elasticity of the constructed block copolymer to accommodate the large volume changes. By enabling multiple functions via different units in the polymer chain, high sulfur utilization is achieved, polysulfide diffusion is confined, and the shuttle effect is suppressed during the cycle life of Li-S batteries, as revealed by operando ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy and S K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="c-pubpreview"><a class="c-pubpreview__img" href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4c1457jc"><img src="/web/20210321063001im_/https://escholarship.org/assets/fdb65cfe9165c9f8d06c278df5b79e456fbf544674aafe4bcb822af6590ad2c8" alt="Cover page of Potential annual daylighting performance of a high-efficiency daylight redirecting slat system"/></a><div class="c-pub"><h2 class="c-pub__heading"><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4c1457jc"><div class="c-clientmarkup">Potential annual daylighting performance of a high-efficiency daylight redirecting slat system</div></a></h2><div class="c-authorlist"><ul class="c-authorlist__list"><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AFernandes%2C%20LL">Fernandes, LL</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ALee%2C%20ES">Lee, ES</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AThanachareonkit%2C%20A">Thanachareonkit, A</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ASelkowitz%2C%20SE">Selkowitz, SE</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4c1457jc" class="c-authorlist__list-more-link">et al.</a></li></ul></div><div class="c-scholworks__publication">(2021)</div><div class="c-pub__abstract"><div class="c-clientmarkup"><p>© 2020, Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. While the primary role of window attachments is often to moderate glare and solar heat gains, they are also able to provide additional daylight to interior spaces. For this purpose, a variety of daylight-redirecting window systems have been developed over the past 150 years. Fixed reflective systems (slats/light shelves) or prismatic systems that rely on total internal reflection work well under specific solar conditions, but generally sacrifice performance over a much wider range of incident solar angles and sky conditions. Dynamic systems - typically reflective slats - are more responsive to sun angles but have not been able to achieve optimal performance for glare and daylight redirection efficiency. A previous investigation into an adjustable, reflective blind concept first conceived of in the late 1970s showed promise but was not reduced to practice due to lack of adequate simulation and analysis tools. In this paper, this concept is further developed and its energy and visual comfort performance evaluated for four mid-latitude, temperate climates using ray-tracing simulation techniques. Results indicate significant potential lighting energy savings when compared with conventional automated reflective blinds (2.1–4.9 kWh/(m2·a), or 14%–42%, depending on climate and orientation) or, especially, manually-operated matte white venetian blinds (1.4–7.9 kWh/(m2·a), or 9%–54%, depending on climate and orientation), while maintaining acceptable or better visual comfort conditions throughout the interior space.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="c-pubpreview"><a class="c-pubpreview__img" href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2sm0862t"><img src="/web/20210321063001im_/https://escholarship.org/assets/8c6dbae16cc1ef6b8fe1e959257baed2576577337800c30d2ff98bde3ad018bf" alt="Cover page of Measurement of the &nbsp;<sup>160</sup>Gd(p,n)<sup>160</sup>Tb excitation function from 4-18 MeV using stacked-target activation."/></a><div class="c-pub"><h2 class="c-pub__heading"><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2sm0862t"><div class="c-clientmarkup">Measurement of the  <sup>160</sup>Gd(p,n)<sup>160</sup>Tb excitation function from 4-18 MeV using stacked-target activation.</div></a></h2><div class="c-authorlist"><ul class="c-authorlist__list"><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AChapman%2C%20Ryan%20K">Chapman, Ryan K</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AVoyles%2C%20Andrew%20S">Voyles, Andrew S</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AGharibyan%2C%20Narek">Gharibyan, Narek</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ABernstein%2C%20Lee%20A">Bernstein, Lee A</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ABevins%2C%20James%20E">Bevins, James E</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2sm0862t" class="c-authorlist__list-more-link">et al.</a></li></ul></div><div class="c-scholworks__publication">(2021)</div><div class="c-pub__abstract"><div class="c-clientmarkup"><p>The  <sup>160</sup>Gd(p,n)<sup>160</sup>Tb excitation function was measured between 4-18 MeV using stacked-target activation at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory's 88-Inch Cyclotron. Nine copper and eight titanium foils served as proton fluence monitor foils, using the  <sup>nat</sup>Cu(p,x)<sup>65</sup>Zn,  <sup>nat</sup>Ti(p,x)<sup>48</sup>V, and  <sup>nat</sup>Ti(p,x)<sup>46</sup>Sc monitor standards, respectively. Variance minimization using an MCNP v.6.2 model reduced the systematic uncertainties in proton energy and fluence. A priori predictions of the  <sup>160</sup>Gd(p,n) reaction using ALICE, CoH, EMPIRE, and TALYS, as well as the TENDL database, are compared to the experimentally measured values.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="c-pubpreview"><a class="c-pubpreview__img" href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8q57r16d"><img src="/web/20210321063001im_/https://escholarship.org/assets/d4582233f7c8b180232c4c6f6943da519358b8cf21c3149d675cde204e61e0b2" alt="Cover page of Italian prototype building models for urban scale building performance simulation"/></a><div class="c-pub"><h2 class="c-pub__heading"><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8q57r16d"><div class="c-clientmarkup">Italian prototype building models for urban scale building performance simulation</div></a></h2><div class="c-authorlist"><ul class="c-authorlist__list"><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ACarnieletto%2C%20L">Carnieletto, L</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AFerrando%2C%20M">Ferrando, M</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ATeso%2C%20L">Teso, L</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ASun%2C%20K">Sun, K</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AZhang%2C%20W">Zhang, W</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ACausone%2C%20F">Causone, F</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ARomagnoni%2C%20P">Romagnoni, P</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AZarrella%2C%20A">Zarrella, A</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AHong%2C%20T">Hong, T</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8q57r16d" class="c-authorlist__list-more-link">et al.</a></li></ul></div><div class="c-scholworks__publication">(2021)</div><div class="c-pub__abstract"><div class="c-clientmarkup"><p>© 2021 Elsevier Ltd Urban building energy modeling (UBEM) seeks to evaluate strategies to optimize building energy use at urban scale to support a city's building energy goals. Prototype building models are usually developed to represent typical urban building characteristics of a specific use type, construction year, and climate zone, as detailed characteristics of individual buildings at urban scale are difficult to obtain. This study investigated the Italian building stock, developing 46 building prototypes, based on construction year, for residential and office buildings. The study included 16 single-family buildings, 16 multi-family buildings, and 14 office buildings. Building envelope properties and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system characteristics were defined according to existing building energy codes and standards for climatic zone E, which covers about half the Italian municipalities. Novel contributions of this study include (1) detailed specifications of prototype building energy models for Italian residential and office buildings that can be adopted by UBEM tools, and (2) a dataset in GeoJSON format of Italian urban buildings compiled from diverse data sources and national standards. The developed prototype building specifications, the building dataset, and the workflow can be applied to create other building prototypes and to support Italian national building energy efficiency and environmental goals.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="c-pubpreview"><a class="c-pubpreview__img" href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4wh740jk"><img src="/web/20210321063001im_/https://escholarship.org/assets/2ea2e6c3292d14ce99ceb8b7179649f2f984375f36f4ccea78d93f6ae3be57e3" alt="Cover page of 3D Nanotomography of calcium silicate hydrates by transmission electron microscopy"/></a><div class="c-pub"><h2 class="c-pub__heading"><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4wh740jk"><div class="c-clientmarkup">3D Nanotomography of calcium silicate hydrates by transmission electron microscopy</div></a></h2><div class="c-authorlist"><ul class="c-authorlist__list"><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AViseshchitra%2C%20P">Viseshchitra, P</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AErcius%2C%20P">Ercius, P</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AMonteiro%2C%20PJM">Monteiro, PJM</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AScott%2C%20M">Scott, M</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AUshizima%2C%20D">Ushizima, D</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ALi%2C%20J">Li, J</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AXu%2C%20K">Xu, K</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AWenk%2C%20HR">Wenk, HR</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4wh740jk" class="c-authorlist__list-more-link">et al.</a></li></ul></div><div class="c-scholworks__publication">(2021)</div><div class="c-pub__abstract"><div class="c-clientmarkup"><p>© 2020 American Ceramic Society (ACERS) Calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H), is the principal hydration product of Portland cement that mainly contributes to the physical and mechanical properties of concrete. This paper aims to investigate the three-dimensional structure of C-S-H with Ca/Si ratios of 1.0 and 1.6 at the nanoscale using electron tomography. The 3D reconstructions and selected region of interest analysis confirm that the morphology of both C-S-H materials are foil-like structures. The difference between the two materials is the density of elongated structures. C-S-H with Ca/Si ratio 1.6 is clearly composed of denser particles compared to the other C-S-H material due to overlapping of the foil-like structure. Pore analysis shows that C-S-H 1.0 and C-S-H 1.6 have porosities 69.2% and 49.8% respectively. Pore size distribution also reveals that C-S-H 1.0 has pore size range between 0-250 nm and C-S-H 1.6 between 0-100 nm. The pore network's size of C-S-H 1.0 is significantly larger than 1.6. This study illustrates the capability of using electron tomography to determine the 3D nanoscale structure of cementitious products and to distinguish between C-S-H 1.0 and 1.6.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="c-pubpreview"><a class="c-pubpreview__img" href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1r99h8w8"><img src="/web/20210321063001im_/https://escholarship.org/assets/6b35b552f3557e878070e49125c44027a45f8c9f075e956c8d11926070d6e2c4" alt="Cover page of Effect of pressure and temperature on carbon dioxide reduction at a plasmonically active silver cathode"/></a><div class="c-pub"><h2 class="c-pub__heading"><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1r99h8w8"><div class="c-clientmarkup">Effect of pressure and temperature on carbon dioxide reduction at a plasmonically active silver cathode</div></a></h2><div class="c-authorlist"><ul class="c-authorlist__list"><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ACorson%2C%20ER">Corson, ER</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ACreel%2C%20EB">Creel, EB</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AKostecki%2C%20R">Kostecki, R</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AUrban%2C%20JJ">Urban, JJ</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AMcCloskey%2C%20BD">McCloskey, BD</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1r99h8w8" class="c-authorlist__list-more-link">et al.</a></li></ul></div><div class="c-scholworks__publication">(2021)</div><div class="c-pub__abstract"><div class="c-clientmarkup"><p>© 2021 Elsevier Ltd Carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction at a plasmonically active silver cathode was investigated by varying the pressure and temperature at multiple applied potentials under both dark and illuminated conditions to understand the mechanism of selectivity changes driven by plasmon-enhanced electrochemical conversion. CO2 partial pressures (PCO2) from 0.2 to 1 atm were studied during linear sweep voltammetry and chronoamperometry at −0.7, −0.9, and −1.1 VRHE. At a given applied overpotential the total current density increased with increasing PCO2 in both the dark and the light, but there were significant differences in the Tafel behavior between dark and illuminated conditions. The reduction of CO2 to carbon monoxide (CO) was found to have first-order behavior with respect to PCO2 at all applied potentials in both the dark and the light, likely indicating no change in the rate-determining step upon illumination. Activity for the hydrogen (H2) evolution reaction decreased with increasing PCO2 at slightly different rates in the dark and the light at each applied potential, making it unclear if light is influencing CO or H2 intermediate adsorbate coverage. Both formate and methanol production showed no dependence on PCO2 under any conditions, but the true reaction orders may be masked by the much higher activity for CO and H2 at the silver cathode. The investigation of product distribution with temperature at 14, 22, and 32∘C at −0.7, −0.9, and −1.1 VRHE in both the dark and the light demonstrated that the selectivity changes observed upon illumination are not caused by local heating of the cathode surface.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="c-pubpreview"><a class="c-pubpreview__img" href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9bw7q4ws"><img src="/web/20210321063001im_/https://escholarship.org/assets/5bfc2d37862979e7a5a8cdb880bc5805810ca0136b48eb1de7b215b2a284bad0" alt="Cover page of Scaleup and manufacturability of symmetric-structured metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells"/></a><div class="c-pub"><h2 class="c-pub__heading"><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9bw7q4ws"><div class="c-clientmarkup">Scaleup and manufacturability of symmetric-structured metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells</div></a></h2><div class="c-authorlist"><ul class="c-authorlist__list"><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ADogdibegovic%2C%20E">Dogdibegovic, E</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ACheng%2C%20Y">Cheng, Y</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AShen%2C%20F">Shen, F</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AWang%2C%20R">Wang, R</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AHu%2C%20B">Hu, B</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ATucker%2C%20MC">Tucker, MC</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9bw7q4ws" class="c-authorlist__list-more-link">et al.</a></li></ul></div><div class="c-scholworks__publication">(2021)</div><div class="c-pub__abstract"><div class="c-clientmarkup"><p>© 2021 Elsevier B.V. Metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells with symmetric architecture, having metal supports on both sides of the cell, are scaled up from button cell size to large 50 cm2 active area cell size. The cells remain flat after sintering assisted by the symmetric structure. Equivalent performance is achieved for button cells and large cells, and thermal cycling and redox cycling tolerance are demonstrated for the large cells. The catalyst infiltration process is improved to enable high-throughput manufacturing. The cumbersome lab-scale molten nitrate infiltration process is replaced with a room-temperature process in which a shelf-stable aqueous solution of nitrate salts is applied to the cell by spraying, painting, or other scalable techniques. A fast-ramp thermal conversion of the nitrate salts to the final oxide catalyst composition is implemented, allowing many infiltration cycles to be accomplished in a single work shift. Increasing the number of infiltration cycles from 5 to 10 led to an increase in peak power density from approximately 0.3 to 0.52 W cm−2.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="c-pubpreview"><div class="c-pub"><h2 class="c-pub__heading"><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4s27s61f"><div class="c-clientmarkup">Tackling the Challenges of Earth Science Data Synthesis: Insights from (meta)data standards approaches</div></a></h2><div class="c-authorlist"><ul class="c-authorlist__list"><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AHendrix%2C%20Valerie">Hendrix, Valerie</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AChristianson%2C%20Danielle">Christianson, Danielle</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AVaradharajan%2C%20Charuleka">Varadharajan, Charuleka</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ABurrus%2C%20Madison">Burrus, Madison</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ACholia%2C%20Shreyas">Cholia, Shreyas</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ACheah%2C%20You-Wei">Cheah, You-Wei</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AChu%2C%20Housen">Chu, Housen</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ACrystal-Ornelas%2C%20Rob">Crystal-Ornelas, Rob</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ADamerow%2C%20Joan">Damerow, Joan</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AKakalia%2C%20Zarine">Kakalia, Zarine</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AO'Brien%2C%20Fianna">O'Brien, Fianna</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3APastorello%2C%20Gilberto">Pastorello, Gilberto</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3ARobles%2C%20Emily">Robles, Emily</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/search/?q=author%3AAgarwal%2C%20Deb">Agarwal, Deb</a></li><li><a href="/web/20210321063001/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4s27s61f" class="c-authorlist__list-more-link">et al.</a></li></ul></div><div class="c-scholworks__publication">(2021)</div></div></div></div><nav class="c-pagination--next"><ul><li><a href="" aria-label="you are on result set 1" class="c-pagination__item--current">1</a></li><li><a href="" aria-label="go to result set 2" class="c-pagination__item">2</a></li><li><a href="" aria-label="go to result set 3" class="c-pagination__item">3</a></li><li><a href="" aria-label="go to result set 4" class="c-pagination__item">4</a></li><li><a href="" aria-label="go to result set 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Nicolas","email":"NSpycher@lbl.gov","fname":"Nicolas","lname":"Spycher"},{"name":"Zhang, Guoxiang","fname":"Guoxiang","lname":"Zhang"},{"name":"Sonnenthal, Eric","fname":"Eric","lname":"Sonnenthal"}],"genre":"article","author_hide":null},{"id":"qt3800c3x0","title":"Iron-Based Chalcogenide Spin Ladder BaFe2 X 3 (X = Se,S)","authors":[{"name":"Wu, S","fname":"S","lname":"Wu"},{"name":"Frandsen, BA","fname":"BA","lname":"Frandsen"},{"name":"Wang, M","fname":"M","lname":"Wang"},{"name":"Yi, M","fname":"M","lname":"Yi"},{"name":"Birgeneau, R","email":"robertjb@berkeley.edu","fname":"R","lname":"Birgeneau","ORCID_id":"0000-0003-1192-8333"}],"genre":"article","author_hide":null},{"id":"qt5kn254vz","title":"Itinerant ferromagnetism in van der Waals Fe5-xGeTe2 crystals above room temperature","authors":[{"name":"Zhang, H","fname":"H","lname":"Zhang"},{"name":"Chen, R","fname":"R","lname":"Chen"},{"name":"Zhai, K","fname":"K","lname":"Zhai"},{"name":"Chen, 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The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. We present a systematic search for optical counterparts to 13 gravitational wave (GW) triggers involving at least one neutron star during LIGO/Virgo's third observing run (O3). We searched binary neutron star (BNS) and neutron star black hole (NSBH) merger localizations with the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) and undertook follow-up with the Global Relay of Observatories Watching Transients Happen (GROWTH) collaboration. The GW triggers had a median localization area of 4480 deg2, a median distance of 267 Mpc, and false-alarm rates ranging from 1.5 to 10-25 yr-1. The ZTF coverage in the g and r bands had a median enclosed probability of 39%, median depth of 20.8 mag, and median time lag between merger and the start of observations of 1.5 hr. The O3 follow-up by the GROWTH team comprised 340 UltraViolet/Optical/InfraRed (UVOIR) photometric points, 64 OIR spectra, and three radio images using 17 different telescopes. We find no promising kilonovae (radioactivity-powered counterparts), and we show how to convert the upper limits to constrain the underlying kilonova luminosity function. Initially, we assume that all GW triggers are bona fide astrophysical events regardless of false-alarm rate and that kilonovae accompanying BNS and NSBH mergers are drawn from a common population; later, we relax these assumptions. Assuming that all kilonovae are at least as luminous as the discovery magnitude of GW170817 (-16.1 mag), we calculate that our joint probability of detecting zero kilonovae is only 4.2%. If we assume that all kilonovae are brighter than-16.6 mag (the extrapolated peak magnitude of GW170817) and fade at a rate of 1 mag day-1 (similar to GW170817), the joint probability of zero detections is 7%. If we separate the NSBH and BNS populations based on the online classifications, the joint probability of zero detections, assuming all kilonovae are brighter than-16.6 mag, is 9.7% for NSBH and 7.9% for BNS mergers. Moreover, no more than <57% (<89%) of putative kilonovae could be brighter than-16.6 mag assuming flat evolution (fading by 1 mag day-1) at the 90% confidence level. If we further take into account the online terrestrial probability for each GW trigger, we find that no more than <68% of putative kilonovae could be brighter than-16.6 mag. Comparing to model grids, we find that some kilonovae must have M ej < 0.03 M o\u02D9, X lan > 10-4, or \u03C6 > 30\u00B0 to be consistent with our limits. We look forward to searches in the fourth GW observing run; even 17 neutron star mergers with only 50% coverage to a depth of-16 mag would constrain the maximum fraction of bright kilonovae to <25%.","content_type":"application/pdf","author_hide":null,"authors":[{"name":"Kasliwal, MM","fname":"MM","lname":"Kasliwal"},{"name":"Anand, S","fname":"S","lname":"Anand"},{"name":"Ahumada, T","fname":"T","lname":"Ahumada"},{"name":"Stein, R","fname":"R","lname":"Stein"},{"name":"Carracedo, AS","fname":"AS","lname":"Carracedo"},{"name":"Andreoni, I","fname":"I","lname":"Andreoni"},{"name":"Coughlin, MW","fname":"MW","lname":"Coughlin"},{"name":"Singer, LP","fname":"LP","lname":"Singer"},{"name":"Kool, EC","fname":"EC","lname":"Kool"},{"name":"De, K","fname":"K","lname":"De"},{"name":"Kumar, H","fname":"H","lname":"Kumar"},{"name":"Almualla, M","fname":"M","lname":"Almualla"},{"name":"Yao, Y","fname":"Y","lname":"Yao"},{"name":"Bulla, M","fname":"M","lname":"Bulla"},{"name":"Dobie, D","fname":"D","lname":"Dobie"},{"name":"Reusch, S","fname":"S","lname":"Reusch"},{"name":"Perley, DA","fname":"DA","lname":"Perley"},{"name":"Cenko, SB","fname":"SB","lname":"Cenko"},{"name":"Bhalerao, V","fname":"V","lname":"Bhalerao"},{"name":"Kaplan, DL","fname":"DL","lname":"Kaplan"},{"name":"Sollerman, J","fname":"J","lname":"Sollerman"},{"name":"Goobar, A","fname":"A","lname":"Goobar"},{"name":"Copperwheat, CM","fname":"CM","lname":"Copperwheat"},{"name":"Bellm, EC","fname":"EC","lname":"Bellm"},{"name":"Anupama, GC","fname":"GC","lname":"Anupama"},{"name":"Corsi, A","fname":"A","lname":"Corsi"},{"name":"Nissanke, S","fname":"S","lname":"Nissanke"},{"name":"Agudo, I","fname":"I","lname":"Agudo"},{"name":"Bagdasaryan, A","fname":"A","lname":"Bagdasaryan"},{"name":"Barway, S","fname":"S","lname":"Barway"},{"name":"Belicki, J","fname":"J","lname":"Belicki"},{"name":"Bloom, JS","email":"joshbloom@berkeley.edu","fname":"JS","lname":"Bloom"},{"name":"Bolin, B","fname":"B","lname":"Bolin"},{"name":"Buckley, DAH","fname":"DAH","lname":"Buckley"},{"name":"Burdge, KB","fname":"KB","lname":"Burdge"},{"name":"Burruss, R","fname":"R","lname":"Burruss"},{"name":"Caballero-Garc\u00EDa, MD","fname":"MD","lname":"Caballero-Garc\u00EDa"},{"name":"Cannella, C","fname":"C","lname":"Cannella"},{"name":"Castro-Tirado, AJ","fname":"AJ","lname":"Castro-Tirado"},{"name":"Cook, DO","fname":"DO","lname":"Cook"},{"name":"Cooke, J","fname":"J","lname":"Cooke"},{"name":"Cunningham, V","fname":"V","lname":"Cunningham"},{"name":"Dahiwale, A","fname":"A","lname":"Dahiwale"},{"name":"Deshmukh, K","fname":"K","lname":"Deshmukh"},{"name":"Dichiara, S","fname":"S","lname":"Dichiara"},{"name":"Duev, DA","fname":"DA","lname":"Duev"},{"name":"Dutta, A","fname":"A","lname":"Dutta"},{"name":"Feeney, M","fname":"M","lname":"Feeney"},{"name":"Franckowiak, A","fname":"A","lname":"Franckowiak"},{"name":"Frederick, S","fname":"S","lname":"Frederick"},{"name":"Fremling, C","fname":"C","lname":"Fremling"},{"name":"Gal-Yam, A","fname":"A","lname":"Gal-Yam"},{"name":"Gatkine, P","fname":"P","lname":"Gatkine"},{"name":"Ghosh, S","fname":"S","lname":"Ghosh"},{"name":"Goldstein, DA","fname":"DA","lname":"Goldstein"},{"name":"Golkhou, VZ","fname":"VZ","lname":"Golkhou"},{"name":"Graham, MJ","fname":"MJ","lname":"Graham"},{"name":"Graham, ML","fname":"ML","lname":"Graham"},{"name":"Hankins, MJ","fname":"MJ","lname":"Hankins"},{"name":"Helou, G","fname":"G","lname":"Helou"},{"name":"Hu, Y","fname":"Y","lname":"Hu"},{"name":"Ip, WH","fname":"WH","lname":"Ip"},{"name":"Jaodand, A","fname":"A","lname":"Jaodand"},{"name":"Karambelkar, V","fname":"V","lname":"Karambelkar"},{"name":"Kong, AKH","fname":"AKH","lname":"Kong"},{"name":"Kowalski, M","fname":"M","lname":"Kowalski"},{"name":"Khandagale, M","fname":"M","lname":"Khandagale"},{"name":"Kulkarni, SR","fname":"SR","lname":"Kulkarni"},{"name":"Kumar, B","fname":"B","lname":"Kumar"},{"name":"Laher, RR","fname":"RR","lname":"Laher"},{"name":"Li, KL","fname":"KL","lname":"Li"},{"name":"Mahabal, A","fname":"A","lname":"Mahabal"},{"name":"Masci, FJ","fname":"FJ","lname":"Masci"},{"name":"Miller, AA","fname":"AA","lname":"Miller"},{"name":"Mogotsi, M","fname":"M","lname":"Mogotsi"},{"name":"Mohite, S","fname":"S","lname":"Mohite"},{"name":"Mooley, K","fname":"K","lname":"Mooley"},{"name":"Mroz, P","fname":"P","lname":"Mroz"},{"name":"Newman, JA","fname":"JA","lname":"Newman"},{"name":"Ngeow, CC","fname":"CC","lname":"Ngeow"},{"name":"Oates, SR","fname":"SR","lname":"Oates"},{"name":"Patil, AS","fname":"AS","lname":"Patil"},{"name":"Pandey, SB","fname":"SB","lname":"Pandey"},{"name":"Pavana, M","fname":"M","lname":"Pavana"},{"name":"Pian, E","fname":"E","lname":"Pian"},{"name":"Riddle, R","fname":"R","lname":"Riddle"},{"name":"S\u00E1nchez-Ram\u00EDrez, R","fname":"R","lname":"S\u00E1nchez-Ram\u00EDrez"},{"name":"Sharma, Y","fname":"Y","lname":"Sharma"},{"name":"Singh, A","fname":"A","lname":"Singh"},{"name":"Smith, R","fname":"R","lname":"Smith"},{"name":"Soumagnac, MT","fname":"MT","lname":"Soumagnac"},{"name":"Taggart, K","fname":"K","lname":"Taggart"},{"name":"Tan, H","fname":"H","lname":"Tan"},{"name":"Tzanidakis, A","fname":"A","lname":"Tzanidakis"},{"name":"Troja, E","fname":"E","lname":"Troja"},{"name":"Valeev, AF","fname":"AF","lname":"Valeev"},{"name":"Walters, R","fname":"R","lname":"Walters"},{"name":"Waratkar, G","fname":"G","lname":"Waratkar"},{"name":"Webb, S","fname":"S","lname":"Webb"},{"name":"Yu, PC","fname":"PC","lname":"Yu"}],"supp_files":[{"type":"pdf","count":0},{"type":"image","count":0},{"type":"video","count":0},{"type":"audio","count":0},{"type":"zip","count":0},{"type":"other","count":0}],"thumbnail":{"width":121,"height":156,"asset_id":"de5fad5b543725cb0ee92248dc2678a74d30364e5b359395d1444b9aa7ee874d","timestamp":1611181110,"image_type":"png"},"pub_year":2021,"genre":"article","rights":null,"unitInfo":{"displayName":"Recent Work","link_path":"lbnl_rw"}},{"id":"qt7ff3g30n","title":"Constraining the Halo Mass of Damped Ly\u03B1 Absorption Systems (DLAs) at z = 2-3.5 Using the Quasar-CMB Lensing Cross-correlation","abstract":"\u00A9 2020. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. We study the cross-correlation of damped Ly\u03B1 systems (DLAs) and their background quasars, using the most updated DLA catalog and the Planck 2018 CMB lensing convergence field. Our measurement suggests that the DLA bias bDLA is smaller than 3.1, corresponding to at a confidence of 90%. These constraints are broadly consistent with Alonso et al. and previous measurements by cross-correlation between DLAs and the Ly\u03B1 forest (e.g., Font-Ribera et al.; Prez-Rfols et al.). Further, our results demonstrate the potential of obtaining a more precise measurement of the halo mass of the high-redshift sources using next generation CMB experiments with a higher angular resolution. The python-based codes and data products of our analysis are available at https://github.com/LittleLin1999/CMB-lensingxDLA.","content_type":"application/pdf","author_hide":null,"authors":[{"name":"Lin, X","fname":"X","lname":"Lin"},{"name":"Cai, Z","fname":"Z","lname":"Cai"},{"name":"Li, Y","fname":"Y","lname":"Li"},{"name":"Krolewski, A","fname":"A","lname":"Krolewski"},{"name":"Ferraro, S","email":"SFerraro@lbl.gov","fname":"S","lname":"Ferraro","ORCID_id":"0000-0003-4992-7854"}],"supp_files":[{"type":"pdf","count":0},{"type":"image","count":0},{"type":"video","count":0},{"type":"audio","count":0},{"type":"zip","count":0},{"type":"other","count":0}],"thumbnail":{"width":121,"height":150,"asset_id":"2432a4d48e131958e242e5f31f2f0113bbb1b0a223959a178680d457f5bb41cc","timestamp":1611094755,"image_type":"png"},"pub_year":2021,"genre":"article","rights":null,"unitInfo":{"displayName":"Recent Work","link_path":"lbnl_rw"}},{"id":"qt69x0c54z","title":"Revealing the working mechanism of a multi-functional block copolymer binder for lithium-sulfur batteries","abstract":"\u00A9 2020 The lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery is one of the most promising substitutes for current energy storage systems because of its low cost, high theoretical capacity, and high energy density. However, the high solubility of intermediate products (i.e., lithium polysulfides) and the resultant shuttle effect lead to rapidly fading capacity and a low coulombic efficiency, which hinder the practical application of Li-S batteries. In this study, block copolymers are constructed with both an ethylene oxide unit and a styrene unit and then used as binders for Li-S batteries. Electrochemical performance improvements are attributed to the synergistic effects contributed by the different units of the block copolymer. The ethylene oxide unit traps polysulfide, which bonds strongly with the intermediate lithium polysulfide, and enhances the transport of lithium ions to reach high capacity. Meanwhile, the styrene unit maintains cathode integrity by improving the mechanical properties and elasticity of the constructed block copolymer to accommodate the large volume changes. By enabling multiple functions via different units in the polymer chain, high sulfur utilization is achieved, polysulfide diffusion is confined, and the shuttle effect is suppressed during the cycle life of Li-S batteries, as revealed by operando ultraviolet\u2013visible spectroscopy and S K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy.","content_type":"application/pdf","author_hide":null,"authors":[{"name":"He, X","email":"XinHe@lbl.gov","fname":"X","lname":"He","ORCID_id":"0000-0002-0272-9079"},{"name":"Liu, Z","fname":"Z","lname":"Liu"},{"name":"Gao, G","email":"GGao@lbl.gov","fname":"G","lname":"Gao","ORCID_id":"0000-0002-6106-7423"},{"name":"Liu, X","fname":"X","lname":"Liu"},{"name":"Swietoslawski, M","fname":"M","lname":"Swietoslawski"},{"name":"Feng, J","fname":"J","lname":"Feng"},{"name":"Liu, G","email":"GLiu@lbl.gov","fname":"G","lname":"Liu","ORCID_id":"0000-0001-6886-0507"},{"name":"Wang, LW","fname":"LW","lname":"Wang"},{"name":"Kostecki, R","email":"R_Kostecki@lbl.gov","fname":"R","lname":"Kostecki","ORCID_id":"0000-0002-4014-8232"}],"supp_files":[{"type":"pdf","count":0},{"type":"image","count":0},{"type":"video","count":0},{"type":"audio","count":0},{"type":"zip","count":0},{"type":"other","count":0}],"thumbnail":{"width":121,"height":166,"asset_id":"e27f610611f56a3f49e9ab93a29f32fe28b7bd58b3ab637d2292041351758bbb","timestamp":1607982690,"image_type":"png"},"pub_year":2021,"genre":"article","rights":null,"unitInfo":{"displayName":"Recent Work","link_path":"lbnl_rw"}},{"id":"qt4c1457jc","title":"Potential annual daylighting performance of a high-efficiency daylight redirecting slat system","abstract":"\u00A9 2020, Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature. While the primary role of window attachments is often to moderate glare and solar heat gains, they are also able to provide additional daylight to interior spaces. For this purpose, a variety of daylight-redirecting window systems have been developed over the past 150 years. Fixed reflective systems (slats/light shelves) or prismatic systems that rely on total internal reflection work well under specific solar conditions, but generally sacrifice performance over a much wider range of incident solar angles and sky conditions. Dynamic systems - typically reflective slats - are more responsive to sun angles but have not been able to achieve optimal performance for glare and daylight redirection efficiency. A previous investigation into an adjustable, reflective blind concept first conceived of in the late 1970s showed promise but was not reduced to practice due to lack of adequate simulation and analysis tools. In this paper, this concept is further developed and its energy and visual comfort performance evaluated for four mid-latitude, temperate climates using ray-tracing simulation techniques. Results indicate significant potential lighting energy savings when compared with conventional automated reflective blinds (2.1\u20134.9 kWh/(m2\u00B7a), or 14%\u201342%, depending on climate and orientation) or, especially, manually-operated matte white venetian blinds (1.4\u20137.9 kWh/(m2\u00B7a), or 9%\u201354%, depending on climate and orientation), while maintaining acceptable or better visual comfort conditions throughout the interior space.","content_type":"application/pdf","author_hide":null,"authors":[{"name":"Fernandes, LL","email":"LLFernandes@lbl.gov","fname":"LL","lname":"Fernandes"},{"name":"Lee, ES","email":"ESLee@lbl.gov","fname":"ES","lname":"Lee","ORCID_id":"0000-0002-7019-2568"},{"name":"Thanachareonkit, A","fname":"A","lname":"Thanachareonkit"},{"name":"Selkowitz, SE","fname":"SE","lname":"Selkowitz"}],"supp_files":[{"type":"pdf","count":0},{"type":"image","count":0},{"type":"video","count":0},{"type":"audio","count":0},{"type":"zip","count":0},{"type":"other","count":0}],"thumbnail":{"width":121,"height":157,"asset_id":"fdb65cfe9165c9f8d06c278df5b79e456fbf544674aafe4bcb822af6590ad2c8","timestamp":1602781284,"image_type":"png"},"pub_year":2021,"genre":"article","rights":null,"unitInfo":{"displayName":"Recent Work","link_path":"lbnl_rw"}},{"id":"qt2sm0862t","title":"Measurement of the  <sup>160</sup>Gd(p,n)<sup>160</sup>Tb excitation function from 4-18 MeV using stacked-target activation.","abstract":"The  <sup>160</sup>Gd(p,n)<sup>160</sup>Tb excitation function was measured between 4-18 MeV using stacked-target activation at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory's 88-Inch Cyclotron. Nine copper and eight titanium foils served as proton fluence monitor foils, using the  <sup>nat</sup>Cu(p,x)<sup>65</sup>Zn,  <sup>nat</sup>Ti(p,x)<sup>48</sup>V, and  <sup>nat</sup>Ti(p,x)<sup>46</sup>Sc monitor standards, respectively. Variance minimization using an MCNP v.6.2 model reduced the systematic uncertainties in proton energy and fluence. A priori predictions of the  <sup>160</sup>Gd(p,n) reaction using ALICE, CoH, EMPIRE, and TALYS, as well as the TENDL database, are compared to the experimentally measured values.","content_type":"application/pdf","author_hide":null,"authors":[{"name":"Chapman, Ryan K","fname":"Ryan K","lname":"Chapman"},{"name":"Voyles, Andrew S","email":"ASVoyles@lbl.gov","fname":"Andrew S","lname":"Voyles"},{"name":"Gharibyan, Narek","fname":"Narek","lname":"Gharibyan"},{"name":"Bernstein, Lee A","fname":"Lee A","lname":"Bernstein"},{"name":"Bevins, James E","fname":"James E","lname":"Bevins"}],"supp_files":[{"type":"pdf","count":0},{"type":"image","count":0},{"type":"video","count":0},{"type":"audio","count":0},{"type":"zip","count":0},{"type":"other","count":0}],"thumbnail":{"width":121,"height":168,"asset_id":"8c6dbae16cc1ef6b8fe1e959257baed2576577337800c30d2ff98bde3ad018bf","timestamp":1615931732,"image_type":"png"},"pub_year":2021,"genre":"article","rights":null,"unitInfo":{"displayName":"Recent Work","link_path":"lbnl_rw"}},{"id":"qt8q57r16d","title":"Italian prototype building models for urban scale building performance simulation","abstract":"\u00A9 2021 Elsevier Ltd Urban building energy modeling (UBEM) seeks to evaluate strategies to optimize building energy use at urban scale to support a city's building energy goals. Prototype building models are usually developed to represent typical urban building characteristics of a specific use type, construction year, and climate zone, as detailed characteristics of individual buildings at urban scale are difficult to obtain. This study investigated the Italian building stock, developing 46 building prototypes, based on construction year, for residential and office buildings. The study included 16 single-family buildings, 16 multi-family buildings, and 14 office buildings. Building envelope properties and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system characteristics were defined according to existing building energy codes and standards for climatic zone E, which covers about half the Italian municipalities. Novel contributions of this study include (1) detailed specifications of prototype building energy models for Italian residential and office buildings that can be adopted by UBEM tools, and (2) a dataset in GeoJSON format of Italian urban buildings compiled from diverse data sources and national standards. The developed prototype building specifications, the building dataset, and the workflow can be applied to create other building prototypes and to support Italian national building energy efficiency and environmental goals.","content_type":"application/pdf","author_hide":null,"authors":[{"name":"Carnieletto, L","fname":"L","lname":"Carnieletto"},{"name":"Ferrando, M","fname":"M","lname":"Ferrando"},{"name":"Teso, L","fname":"L","lname":"Teso"},{"name":"Sun, K","fname":"K","lname":"Sun"},{"name":"Zhang, W","fname":"W","lname":"Zhang"},{"name":"Causone, F","fname":"F","lname":"Causone"},{"name":"Romagnoni, P","fname":"P","lname":"Romagnoni"},{"name":"Zarrella, A","fname":"A","lname":"Zarrella"},{"name":"Hong, T","email":"THong@lbl.gov","fname":"T","lname":"Hong","ORCID_id":"0000-0003-1886-9137"}],"supp_files":[{"type":"pdf","count":0},{"type":"image","count":0},{"type":"video","count":0},{"type":"audio","count":0},{"type":"zip","count":0},{"type":"other","count":0}],"thumbnail":{"width":121,"height":157,"asset_id":"d4582233f7c8b180232c4c6f6943da519358b8cf21c3149d675cde204e61e0b2","timestamp":1614879884,"image_type":"png"},"pub_year":2021,"genre":"article","rights":null,"unitInfo":{"displayName":"Recent Work","link_path":"lbnl_rw"}},{"id":"qt4wh740jk","title":"3D Nanotomography of calcium silicate hydrates by transmission electron microscopy","abstract":"\u00A9 2020 American Ceramic Society (ACERS) Calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H), is the principal hydration product of Portland cement that mainly contributes to the physical and mechanical properties of concrete. This paper aims to investigate the three-dimensional structure of C-S-H with Ca/Si ratios of 1.0 and 1.6 at the nanoscale using electron tomography. The 3D reconstructions and selected region of interest analysis confirm that the morphology of both C-S-H materials are foil-like structures. The difference between the two materials is the density of elongated structures. C-S-H with Ca/Si ratio 1.6 is clearly composed of denser particles compared to the other C-S-H material due to overlapping of the foil-like structure. Pore analysis shows that C-S-H 1.0 and C-S-H 1.6 have porosities 69.2% and 49.8% respectively. Pore size distribution also reveals that C-S-H 1.0 has pore size range between 0-250 nm and C-S-H 1.6 between 0-100 nm. The pore network's size of C-S-H 1.0 is significantly larger than 1.6. This study illustrates the capability of using electron tomography to determine the 3D nanoscale structure of cementitious products and to distinguish between C-S-H 1.0 and 1.6.","content_type":"application/pdf","author_hide":null,"authors":[{"name":"Viseshchitra, P","fname":"P","lname":"Viseshchitra"},{"name":"Ercius, P","email":"PErcius@lbl.gov","fname":"P","lname":"Ercius","ORCID_id":"0000-0002-6762-9976"},{"name":"Monteiro, PJM","email":"monteiro@berkeley.edu","fname":"PJM","lname":"Monteiro"},{"name":"Scott, M","fname":"M","lname":"Scott"},{"name":"Ushizima, D","fname":"D","lname":"Ushizima"},{"name":"Li, J","fname":"J","lname":"Li"},{"name":"Xu, K","fname":"K","lname":"Xu"},{"name":"Wenk, HR","email":"wenk@berkeley.edu","fname":"HR","lname":"Wenk","ORCID_id":"0000-0001-6641-7640"}],"supp_files":[{"type":"pdf","count":0},{"type":"image","count":0},{"type":"video","count":0},{"type":"audio","count":0},{"type":"zip","count":0},{"type":"other","count":0}],"thumbnail":{"width":121,"height":151,"asset_id":"2ea2e6c3292d14ce99ceb8b7179649f2f984375f36f4ccea78d93f6ae3be57e3","timestamp":1609962641,"image_type":"png"},"pub_year":2021,"genre":"article","rights":null,"unitInfo":{"displayName":"Recent Work","link_path":"lbnl_rw"}},{"id":"qt1r99h8w8","title":"Effect of pressure and temperature on carbon dioxide reduction at a plasmonically active silver cathode","abstract":"\u00A9 2021 Elsevier Ltd Carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction at a plasmonically active silver cathode was investigated by varying the pressure and temperature at multiple applied potentials under both dark and illuminated conditions to understand the mechanism of selectivity changes driven by plasmon-enhanced electrochemical conversion. CO2 partial pressures (PCO2) from 0.2 to 1 atm were studied during linear sweep voltammetry and chronoamperometry at \u22120.7, \u22120.9, and \u22121.1 VRHE. At a given applied overpotential the total current density increased with increasing PCO2 in both the dark and the light, but there were significant differences in the Tafel behavior between dark and illuminated conditions. The reduction of CO2 to carbon monoxide (CO) was found to have first-order behavior with respect to PCO2 at all applied potentials in both the dark and the light, likely indicating no change in the rate-determining step upon illumination. Activity for the hydrogen (H2) evolution reaction decreased with increasing PCO2 at slightly different rates in the dark and the light at each applied potential, making it unclear if light is influencing CO or H2 intermediate adsorbate coverage. Both formate and methanol production showed no dependence on PCO2 under any conditions, but the true reaction orders may be masked by the much higher activity for CO and H2 at the silver cathode. The investigation of product distribution with temperature at 14, 22, and 32\u2218C at \u22120.7, \u22120.9, and \u22121.1 VRHE in both the dark and the light demonstrated that the selectivity changes observed upon illumination are not caused by local heating of the cathode surface.","content_type":"application/pdf","author_hide":null,"authors":[{"name":"Corson, ER","fname":"ER","lname":"Corson"},{"name":"Creel, EB","fname":"EB","lname":"Creel"},{"name":"Kostecki, R","email":"R_Kostecki@lbl.gov","fname":"R","lname":"Kostecki","ORCID_id":"0000-0002-4014-8232"},{"name":"Urban, JJ","email":"JJUrban@lbl.gov","fname":"JJ","lname":"Urban","ORCID_id":"0000-0003-4909-2869"},{"name":"McCloskey, BD","email":"bmcclosk@berkeley.edu","fname":"BD","lname":"McCloskey","ORCID_id":"0000-0001-6599-2336"}],"supp_files":[{"type":"pdf","count":0},{"type":"image","count":0},{"type":"video","count":0},{"type":"audio","count":0},{"type":"zip","count":0},{"type":"other","count":0}],"thumbnail":{"width":121,"height":168,"asset_id":"6b35b552f3557e878070e49125c44027a45f8c9f075e956c8d11926070d6e2c4","timestamp":1612378836,"image_type":"png"},"pub_year":2021,"genre":"article","rights":null,"unitInfo":{"displayName":"Recent Work","link_path":"lbnl_rw"}},{"id":"qt9bw7q4ws","title":"Scaleup and manufacturability of symmetric-structured metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells","abstract":"\u00A9 2021 Elsevier B.V. Metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells with symmetric architecture, having metal supports on both sides of the cell, are scaled up from button cell size to large 50 cm2 active area cell size. The cells remain flat after sintering assisted by the symmetric structure. Equivalent performance is achieved for button cells and large cells, and thermal cycling and redox cycling tolerance are demonstrated for the large cells. The catalyst infiltration process is improved to enable high-throughput manufacturing. The cumbersome lab-scale molten nitrate infiltration process is replaced with a room-temperature process in which a shelf-stable aqueous solution of nitrate salts is applied to the cell by spraying, painting, or other scalable techniques. A fast-ramp thermal conversion of the nitrate salts to the final oxide catalyst composition is implemented, allowing many infiltration cycles to be accomplished in a single work shift. Increasing the number of infiltration cycles from 5 to 10 led to an increase in peak power density from approximately 0.3 to 0.52 W cm\u22122.","content_type":"application/pdf","author_hide":null,"authors":[{"name":"Dogdibegovic, E","fname":"E","lname":"Dogdibegovic"},{"name":"Cheng, Y","fname":"Y","lname":"Cheng"},{"name":"Shen, F","fname":"F","lname":"Shen"},{"name":"Wang, R","fname":"R","lname":"Wang"},{"name":"Hu, B","email":"BoxunHu@lbl.gov","fname":"B","lname":"Hu","ORCID_id":"0000-0002-0823-4632"},{"name":"Tucker, MC","email":"MCTucker@lbl.gov","fname":"MC","lname":"Tucker"}],"supp_files":[{"type":"pdf","count":0},{"type":"image","count":0},{"type":"video","count":0},{"type":"audio","count":0},{"type":"zip","count":0},{"type":"other","count":0}],"thumbnail":{"width":121,"height":162,"asset_id":"5bfc2d37862979e7a5a8cdb880bc5805810ca0136b48eb1de7b215b2a284bad0","timestamp":1614028571,"image_type":"png"},"pub_year":2021,"genre":"article","rights":null,"unitInfo":{"displayName":"Recent Work","link_path":"lbnl_rw"}},{"id":"qt4s27s61f","title":"Tackling the Challenges of Earth Science Data Synthesis: Insights from (meta)data standards approaches","abstract":null,"content_type":null,"author_hide":null,"authors":[{"name":"Hendrix, Valerie","email":"VCHendrix@lbl.gov","fname":"Valerie","lname":"Hendrix","ORCID_id":"0000-0001-9061-8952"},{"name":"Christianson, Danielle","email":"DSChristianson@lbl.gov","fname":"Danielle","lname":"Christianson","ORCID_id":"0000-0002-8663-7701"},{"name":"Varadharajan, Charuleka","email":"CVaradharajan@lbl.gov","fname":"Charuleka","lname":"Varadharajan","ORCID_id":"0000-0002-4142-3224"},{"name":"Burrus, Madison","fname":"Madison","lname":"Burrus"},{"name":"Cholia, Shreyas","fname":"Shreyas","lname":"Cholia"},{"name":"Cheah, You-Wei","email":"YCheah@lbl.gov","fname":"You-Wei","lname":"Cheah","ORCID_id":"0000-0003-2241-4901"},{"name":"Chu, Housen","email":"HChu@lbl.gov","fname":"Housen","lname":"Chu","ORCID_id":"0000-0002-8131-4938"},{"name":"Crystal-Ornelas, Rob","fname":"Rob","lname":"Crystal-Ornelas"},{"name":"Damerow, Joan","email":"JoanDamerow@lbl.gov","fname":"Joan","lname":"Damerow","ORCID_id":"0000-0003-2601-5043"},{"name":"Kakalia, Zarine","fname":"Zarine","lname":"Kakalia"},{"name":"O'Brien, Fianna","fname":"Fianna","lname":"O'Brien"},{"name":"Pastorello, Gilberto","email":"GZPastorello@lbl.gov","fname":"Gilberto","lname":"Pastorello","ORCID_id":"0000-0002-9387-3702"},{"name":"Robles, Emily","fname":"Emily","lname":"Robles"},{"name":"Agarwal, Deb","email":"DAAgarwal@lbl.gov","fname":"Deb","lname":"Agarwal","ORCID_id":"0000-0001-5045-2396"}],"supp_files":[{"type":"pdf","count":0},{"type":"image","count":0},{"type":"video","count":0},{"type":"audio","count":0},{"type":"zip","count":0},{"type":"other","count":0}],"thumbnail":null,"pub_year":2021,"genre":"non-textual","rights":"https://web.archive.org/web/20210321063001/https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","unitInfo":{"displayName":"Recent Work","link_path":"lbnl_rw"}}],"series":[{"unit_id":"lbnl_rw","name":"Recent Work","count":51694,"previewLimit":3,"items":[{"id":"qt0002g8nh","title":"SUMMARY - CONFERENCE ON PHOTCMULTIPLIER DEVELOPMENT. SUMMARY - CONFERENCE WITH DR. MORTON OF RCA. SUMMARY - TELEPHONE CONFERENCE - FEB. 28, 1952.","abstract":null,"content_type":"application/pdf","author_hide":null,"authors":[{"name":"Wouters, L.F.","fname":"L.F.","lname":"Wouters"}],"supp_files":[{"type":"pdf","count":0},{"type":"image","count":0},{"type":"video","count":0},{"type":"audio","count":0},{"type":"zip","count":0},{"type":"other","count":0}]},{"id":"qt0006h440","title":"NERSC News (March 2007)","abstract":null,"content_type":"application/pdf","author_hide":null,"authors":[{"name":"Wang, Ucilia","fname":"Ucilia","lname":"Wang"}],"supp_files":[{"type":"pdf","count":0},{"type":"image","count":0},{"type":"video","count":0},{"type":"audio","count":0},{"type":"zip","count":0},{"type":"other","count":0}]},{"id":"qt0006n303","title":"India's Aluminum Industry: Productivity, Energy Efficiency and Carbon Emissions","abstract":"Historical estimates of productivity growth in India's aluminum sector vary from indicating an improvement to a decline in the sector's productivity. The variance may be traced to the time period of study, source of data for analysis, and type of indices and econometric specifications used for reporting productivity growth. Our analysis shows that in the twenty year period, 1973 to 1993, productivity in the aluminum sector declined slightly by 0.2%. An econometric analysis reveals that technical progress in India's aluminum sector has been biased towards the use of energy, while it has been labor saving. The decline in productivity was mainly driven by a decline in the 1970s when capacity utilization was low and the energy crisis hit India and the world. From the early 1980s on productivity recuperated. We examine the current changes in structure and energy efficiency in the sector. Our analysis shows that the Indian aluminum sector has high potential to move towards world-best technology, which will result in fewer carbon emissions and more efficient energy use. Substantial energy savings and carbon reduction options exist.","content_type":"application/pdf","author_hide":null,"authors":[{"name":"Schumacher, Katja","fname":"Katja","lname":"Schumacher"}],"supp_files":[{"type":"pdf","count":0},{"type":"image","count":0},{"type":"video","count":0},{"type":"audio","count":0},{"type":"zip","count":0},{"type":"other","count":0}]}]}],"issuesSubNav":null},"marquee":{"about":"<p> Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) has been a leader in science and\n engineering research for more than 70 years. Located on a 200 acre site in the hills\n above the Berkeley campus of the University of California, overlooking the San Francisco\n Bay, Berkeley Lab is a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) National Laboratory managed by\n the University of California. It has an annual budget of nearly $480 million (FY2002)\n and employs a staff of about 4,300, including more than a thousand students. </p>\n<p>Berkeley Lab conducts unclassified research across a wide range of scientific\n disciplines with key efforts in fundamental studies of the universe; quantitative\n biology; nanoscience; new energy systems and environmental solutions; and the use of\n integrated computing as a tool for discovery. It is organized into 17 scientific\n divisions and hosts four DOE national user facilities. Details on Berkeley Lab's\n divisions and user facilities can be viewed <a href=\"http://www.lbl.gov/\">here</a>.</p>","carousel":null,"slides":null}};</script> <script src="/web/20210321063001js_/https://escholarship.org/js/vendors~app-bundle-4a46442833878560ee6e.js"></script> <script src="/web/20210321063001js_/https://escholarship.org/js/app-bundle-8040c67826baa5322bd8.js"></script> </body> </html>