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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Нэвтрэх</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B6:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9:MyTalk" title="Энэ IP хаягаас үйлдсэн засваруудын тухай хэлэлцүүлэг [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Хэлэлцүүлэг</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Спарта хуудасны эх кодыг харах</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="This article exist only in this language. Add the article for other languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-0" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Хэл нэмэх</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="uls-after-portlet-link"></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Нэрний зайнууд"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Өгүүлсэн хуудас [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Өгүүлэл</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%86%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B3:%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Хуудсыг зөвшин хэлэлцэх (ийм хуудас байхгүй) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Хэлэлцүүлэг</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">монгол</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Харсан тоо"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0"><span>Унших</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0&veaction=edit" title="Энэ хуудсыг VisualEditor-р засварлах [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Засварлах</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="selected collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit" title="Edit the source code of this page"><span>Кодоор засварлах</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0&action=history" title="Энэ хуудсыг зассан түүхийг сөхөн нягтлах [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Түүх</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Хэрэглүүр" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Хэрэглүүр</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Хэрэглүүр</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">хажуугийн цэсэнд шилжүүлэх</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">хумих</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Үйлдэл </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0"><span>Унших</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0&veaction=edit" title="Энэ хуудсыг VisualEditor-р засварлах [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Засварлах</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="selected collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit" title="Edit the source code of this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Кодоор засварлах</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0&action=history"><span>Түүх</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ерөнхий </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9:WhatLinksHere/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Энд холбогдсон вики хуудсууд [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Энд холбогдсон хуудас</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9:RecentChangesLinked/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0" rel="nofollow" title="Энэ хуудаснаас линк хийгдсэн хуудсуудын шинэ өөрчлөлтүүд [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Холбогдох өөрчлөлт</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=mn" title="Зураг буюу медиа файлыг аплоуд хийх [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Файл оруулах</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9:SpecialPages" title="Тусгай хуудаснуудын жагсаалт [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Тусгай хуудаснууд</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Хуудасны мэдээлэл</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fmn.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3D%25D0%25A1%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0%26action%3Dedit"><span>Богино URL 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class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">хажуугийн цэсэнд шилжүүлэх</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">хумих</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle">← <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Спарта">Спарта</a></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><p>Дараах шалтгааны улмаас таньд энэ хуудсыг засварлах эрх байхгүй байна: </p> <div class="permissions-errors"><div class="mw-permissionerror-globalblocking-blockedtext-range"><b>Your IP address is in a range that has been <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Global_blocks" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Global blocks">blocked on all Wikimedia Foundation wikis</a>.</b> <p>The block was made by <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%B3%D1%87:Jon_Kolbert" title="Хэрэглэгч:Jon Kolbert">‪Jon Kolbert‬</a>. The reason given is <i><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/NOP" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/NOP">Open proxy/Webhost</a>: See the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/WM:OP/H" class="extiw" title="m:WM:OP/H">help page</a> if you are affected </i>. </p> <ul><li>Start of block: 15:12, 27 Наймдугаар сар 2023</li> <li>Expiry of block: 15:12, 27 Наймдугаар сар 2028</li></ul> <p>Your current IP address is 8.222.208.146. The blocked range is 8.222.128.0/17. </p><p>Асуултдаа дээрх бүх мэдээллийг оруулна уу. If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/No_open_proxies" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/No open proxies">No open proxies</a> global policy. </p> Otherwise, to discuss the block please <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Steward_requests/Global" class="extiw" title="m:Steward requests/Global">post a request for review on Meta-Wiki</a>. You could also send an email to the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Stewards" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards">stewards</a> <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/VRT" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/VRT">VRT</a> queue at <kbd>stewards@wikimedia.org</kbd> including all above details.</div></div><hr /> <p>Та энэ хуудасны эх сурвалжийг харах болон хуулж авах үйлдлийг хийх боломжтой: </p><textarea readonly="" accesskey="," id="wpTextbox1" cols="80" rows="25" style="" class="mw-editfont-monospace" lang="mn" dir="ltr" name="wpTextbox1">[[Файл:Ancient sparta theater.jpg|thumb|290x290px|Эртний Спарта хотын туурь]] '''Спарта''' ([[Грек хэл|грек]]. Σπάρτη) [[Грек|Грекийн]] [[Пелопоннес|Пелопоннесын]] хойгийн өмнөд хэсэгт Эвротас голын баруун эрэг дээр далайн түвшингээс 210 метрийн өндөрт орших хот. 2020 оны байдлаар 19 мянга орчим хүн амтай байсан. == Түүх == Энэ хот эрт дээр үеэс өнөөг хүртэл үргэлжилсэн олон мянган жилийн түүхтэй юм. Спарта, Лакониа ([[Грек хэл|грек]]. Λακωνία) хоёрыг Грекийн домог зүй, алдарт Гомерын бичсэн Илиада, Одиссей туульд дурдсан байдаг. [[Файл:ModernSparta.jpg|thumb|260x260px|Орчин үеийн Спарта хот]] Эртний Грекийн Лакониа дахь алдартай хот муж байв. Эрт дээр үед хот-мужийг Лакедаемон гэж нэрлэдэг байсан бол Спарта гэдэг нэр нь Лакониа дахь Евротас голын зүүн өмнөд Пелопоннес хойгийн эрэг дээрх гол сууринг хэлдэг байв. МЭӨ 650 оны үед энэ нь эртний Грекийн зонхилох цэргийн хуурай замын гүрэн болж өгдөг байжээ. Цэргийн давуу байдлаа харгалзан Спарта нь Грек-Персийн дайны үеэр Афины өсөн нэмэгдэж буй тэнгисийн цэргийн хүчинтэй өрсөлдөж, Грекийн нэгдсэн цэргийн тэргүүлэх хүчин гэж хүлээн зөвшөөрөгдсөн. Спарта бол Пелопоннесийн дайны үеэр (МЭӨ 431–404) Афины гол дайсан байсан бөгөөд Аэгоспотамигийн тулалдааны дараа ялалт байгуулжээ. МЭӨ 371 онд Тебесийн эсрэг хийсэн Леуктрагийн шийдвэрлэх тулалдаан нь Спартын ноёрхлыг зогсоосон боловч хот-улс нь МЭӨ 192 онд Ахейн лигт албадан нэгдэх хүртлээ улс төрийн тусгаар тогтнолоо хадгалсаар байв. Гэсэн хэдий ч МЭӨ 146 онд Грекийг Ром эзлэн авсны дараа тус хот ихээхэн бие даасан байдлаа сэргээж, эртний зан заншил нь Ромын олон жуулчдыг татдаг байсан тул [[Ромын эзэнт гүрэн|Ромын эзэнт гүрний]] үед цэцэглэн хөгжиж байв. Гэсэн хэдий ч Спартаг МЭ 396 онд Висиготын хаан Аларик цөлмөж, ялангуяа Дундад зууны үед олон иргэд нь Мистрас руу нүүж ирснээр удаан хугацааны туршид уналтад орсон байна. Орчин үеийн Спарта бол Грекийн өмнөд хэсгийн Лакониа мужийн нийслэл бөгөөд цитрус, чидун боловсруулах төв юм. Спарта нь хагас домогт хууль тогтоогч Ликургийн танилцуулсан нийгмийн тогтолцоо, үндсэн хуулиараа эртний Грект маш өвөрмөц байсан. 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