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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%">Duke Xian of Jin<br />晉獻公</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:%E6%99%89%E7%8D%BB%E5%85%AC.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/%E6%99%89%E7%8D%BB%E5%85%AC.png/220px-%E6%99%89%E7%8D%BB%E5%85%AC.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="319" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/%E6%99%89%E7%8D%BB%E5%85%AC.png/330px-%E6%99%89%E7%8D%BB%E5%85%AC.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/%E6%99%89%E7%8D%BB%E5%85%AC.png/440px-%E6%99%89%E7%8D%BB%E5%85%AC.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1160" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Duke of <a href="/wiki/Jin_(Chinese_state)" title="Jin (Chinese state)">Jin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data">676–651 BC</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Duke_Wu_of_Jin" title="Duke Wu of Jin">Duke Wu</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Xiqi" title="Xiqi">Ji Xiqi</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">651 BC</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Qi Jiang<br />Hu Ji<br /><a href="/wiki/Concubine_Li" title="Concubine Li">Li Ji</a><br />Shao Ji</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Issue_(genealogy)" title="Issue (genealogy)">Issue</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Wife of <a href="/wiki/Duke_Mu_of_Qin" title="Duke Mu of Qin">Duke Mu of Qin</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Shensheng" title="Shensheng">Ji Shensheng</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Duke_Wen_of_Jin" title="Duke Wen of Jin">Duke Wen of Jin</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Duke_Hui_of_Jin" title="Duke Hui of Jin">Duke Hui of Jin</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Xiqi" title="Xiqi">Ji Xiqi</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Zhuozi_(Jin)" title="Zhuozi (Jin)">Ji Zhuozi</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left">Names</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data nickname" style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.7em;"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_surname#Xing" title="Chinese surname">Ancestral name</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ji_(Zhou_dynasty_ancestral_surname)" title="Ji (Zhou dynasty ancestral surname)">Jī</a> (姬)<br />Given name: Guǐzhū (詭諸)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Posthumous_name" title="Posthumous name">Posthumous name</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.7em;">Duke Xian (獻公)</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">House</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Ji</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">Dynasty</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jin_(Chinese_state)" title="Jin (Chinese state)">Jin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Duke_Wu_of_Jin" title="Duke Wu of Jin">Duke Wu</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Duke Xian of Jin</b> (<a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hant">晉獻公</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Jìn Xiàn Gōng</span></i>), personal name <b>Ji Guizhu</b>, was a ruler of the <a href="/wiki/Jin_(Chinese_state)" title="Jin (Chinese state)">Jin state</a>, reigning for 26 years. He moved the capital from Quwo (曲沃) to Jiang (絳). He was named after the Rongdi (戎狄) leader Guizhu (詭諸), whom his father and predecessor, <a href="/wiki/Duke_Wu_of_Jin" title="Duke Wu of Jin">Duke Wu</a>, captured alive. </p><p>During his reign, the Jin state became one of the most powerful and largest states due to his conquests of many small neighboring states. He is also renowned for the slaughter and exile of many ducal family members of Jin and for favoring one of his concubines, <a href="/wiki/Concubine_Li" title="Concubine Li">Li Ji</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rise_to_power">Rise to power</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duke_Xian_of_Jin&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Rise to power"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When he ascended the throne, Duke Xian of Jin and the duke of Guo visited <a href="/wiki/King_Hui_of_Zhou" title="King Hui of Zhou">King Hui of Zhou</a> and they were given rewards which resulted to the increase of their popularity throughout the states. He also adopted a strategy that his official, Shi Wei (士蒍), suggested which involves the slaughter and exile of almost all the royal family members of Jin to ensure that the throne of Jin will always be held by one of his descendants. This resulted to the increase of the power of the duke and the loss of political power of the clan of the duke since the clan was almost annihilated. </p><p>To increase the military power of the state, he expanded his army into 2 troops, each having 10,000 men (some say 12,500). In 672 BC, the fifth year of his reign, he eliminated the <a href="/wiki/Xirong_(tribe)" class="mw-redirect" title="Xirong (tribe)">Li Rong</a> tribe and he obtained two women from the tribe: <a href="/wiki/Li_Ji_(concubine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Li Ji (concubine)">Li Ji</a> and her younger sister, Shao Ji (少姬). Both women were favored by Duke Xian of Jin. </p><p>In 665 BC, the twelfth year of his reign, Li Ji gave birth to <a href="/wiki/Xiqi" title="Xiqi">Xiqi</a>. Since Duke Xian of Jin favored Li Ji, he had a desire to dethrone <a href="/wiki/Shensheng" title="Shensheng">Shensheng</a>, the eldest son of Duke Xian of Jin, from his position as crown prince to make Prince Xiqi the crown prince instead, so he sent Prince Shensheng to defend Quwo, modern <a href="/wiki/Quwo_County" title="Quwo County">Quwo County</a> in <a href="/wiki/Shanxi" title="Shanxi">Shanxi</a>. Duke Xian of Jin also sent <a href="/wiki/Duke_Wen_of_Jin" title="Duke Wen of Jin">Prince Chong'er</a> to defend the city of <a href="/wiki/Pu_County" title="Pu County">Pu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Duke_Hui_of_Jin" title="Duke Hui of Jin">Prince Yiwu</a> to Erqu (二屈), modern <a href="/wiki/Ji_County,_Shanxi" title="Ji County, Shanxi">Ji County</a> in Shanxi. </p><p>In 661 BC, the sixteenth year of his reign, he conquered the state of Geng (耿), the state of Huo (霍), the old state of Wei (魏) and the Rongdi tribe. The Jin official <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bi_Wan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bi Wan (page does not exist)">Bi Wan</a> (畢萬) was given the land of the old state of Wei, and his descendants will later establish the new state of <a href="/wiki/Wei_(state)" title="Wei (state)">Wei</a>. The Jin official <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhao_Su&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhao Su (page does not exist)">Zhao Su</a> (趙夙) helped conquer the state of Huo so he was given the land of the state of Geng and his descendants will later establish the state of <a href="/wiki/Zhao_(state)" title="Zhao (state)">Zhao</a>. (Altogether Duke Xian annexed 17 states and subjugated 38 others.) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Li_Ji_Rebellion">Li Ji Rebellion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duke_Xian_of_Jin&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Li Ji Rebellion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Li_Ji_Rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Li Ji Rebellion">Li Ji Rebellion</a></div> <p>In 656 BC, the 21st year of his reign, Li Ji plotted a scheme for <a href="/wiki/Shensheng" title="Shensheng">Shensheng</a> which caused him to go back to Quwo to offer sacrifices for his deceased mother, Qi Jiang (齊姜). After the sacrifice, he gave some of the food to the palace for his father, Duke Xian of Jin. Li Ji secretly placed poison on them and when Duke Xian of Jin discovered that the food was poisoned, he assumed that Prince Shensheng plotted to kill him. Duke Xian of Jin then sent men to capture Prince Shensheng. When Prince Shensheng heard that his father sent men to capture him, he committed suicide on the twelfth month of that year. After Prince Shensheng committed suicide, Li Ji falsely accused Prince Chong'er and Yiwu of revolting so they escaped to Pu (蒲) and Erqu (二屈) respectively. </p><p>In 655 BC, the 22nd year of his reign, Duke Xian of Jin sent troops to Pu and Erqu to capture Chong'er and Yiwu. Chong'er escaped to the <a href="/wiki/Beidi" title="Beidi">Di tribe</a>, where his mother was from, and Prince Yiwu also escaped. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Conquests_of_Yu_and_Guo">Conquests of Yu and Guo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duke_Xian_of_Jin&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Conquests of Yu and Guo"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The neighboring <a href="/wiki/Western_Guo_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Guo (state)">State of Guo</a> frequently attacked the border of Jin. Duke Xian wished to overthrow Guo, but needed passage through the State of Yu (虞國), which was allied with Guo, to do so. On the advice of his officer, Xun Xi (荀息), Duke Xian sent beautiful women to the Duke of Guo and a beautiful young man to the Duke of Yu with instructions to distract the rulers from government affairs.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the same time, men were sent to cause trouble on Guo's northern border. </p><p>As expected, officials in Guo blamed Duke Xian for the new trouble they were encountering on the northern border. Feigning insult, Duke Xian sent officer Xun Xi to the State of Yu to request passage so that they could avenge the insult. Bringing gifts of jade and horses, Xun Xi arrived in the State of Yu to request passage. Under the influence of his new beloved, the Duke of Yu immediately agreed, over the protestations of his own official, Gong Zhiqi (宮之奇). Gong Zhiqi described the relationship of Yu and Guo with the Chinese proverb "The teeth are cold when the lips are lost" (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">唇亡齿寒</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Chún Wáng Chǐ Hán</span></i>). He told the Duke of Yu that if Guo were conquered, Yu would be next. The Duke of Yu ignored his warning and Gong Zhiqi secretly left the state of Yu, foreseeing its destruction. </p><p>In 658 BC, the 19th year of his reign, Duke Xian of Jin sent his general <a href="/wiki/Li_Ke_(general)" title="Li Ke (general)">Li Ke</a> and his officer Xun Xi to attack the State of Guo during the reign of Duke Chou of Guo (虢公醜). Ever more favorable to Jin, the Duke of Yu assisted in the invasion. He sent his own army to capture Xiayang Pass (下陽關) for Jin, under the ruse that his army was there to subdue the rebellious <a href="/wiki/Quanrong" title="Quanrong">Quanrong</a> tribe. </p><p>In the winter of 655 BC, the 22nd year of his reign, the State of Guo was conquered by Jin. The Duke of Yu was given a part of the women and treasures sacked from Guo. Li Ke was then granted permission to station the Jin army outside the Yu capital to rest. After a few days, the Duke of Yu was suddenly informed that Duke Xian of Jin was outside the city wall of the Yu capital. The Duke of Yu quickly went out to greet him and Duke Xian of Jin invited the Duke of Yu to the Ji Mountain (箕山) to hunt. In an ostentatious display, perhaps still under the influence of the beloved planted at his court by Duke Xian, the Duke of Yu brought the entire military force stationed in the capital to the hunt in the Ji Mountain. </p><p>While hunting, the Yu officer <a href="/wiki/Baili_Xi" title="Baili Xi">Baili Xi</a> reported to the Duke of Yu trouble at the capital. By the time the Duke of Yu arrived at the outskirts of the city, the Yu capital has already been captured by the Jin army. The Duke of Yu and Baili Xi were held captive and brought back to the State of Jin. Baili Xi was recognized as a good officer by Duke Xian of Jin but Baili Xi rejected every offer given to him to become a court official of Jin. He was later given to the state of <a href="/wiki/Qin_(state)" title="Qin (state)">Qin</a> as a servant dowry with Princess Bo Ji (伯姬). (The use of Yu to attack Guo was one of the <a href="/wiki/Thirty-Six_Stratagems" title="Thirty-Six Stratagems">Thirty-Six Stratagems</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_years">Later years</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duke_Xian_of_Jin&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Later years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 654 BC, the 23rd year of his reign, Duke Xian of Jin sent troops to attack Erqu and capture <a href="/wiki/Duke_Hui_of_Jin" title="Duke Hui of Jin">Prince Yiwu</a>, but Prince Yiwu fled to the <a href="/wiki/State_of_Liang" class="mw-redirect" title="State of Liang">State of Liang</a>. In 652 BC, the 25th year of his reign, he sent troop to attack the Di tribe and capture Prince Chong'er, but the army retreated when they met resistance. In that same year, the younger sister of Li Ji, also a concubine of Duke Xian of Jin, gave birth to <a href="/wiki/Prince_Zhuo" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Zhuo">Prince Zhuo</a>. </p><p>At that time, the State of Jin was one of the largest and most powerful state in China. According to the <i><a href="/wiki/Records_of_the_Grand_Historian" class="mw-redirect" title="Records of the Grand Historian">Records of the Grand Historian</a></i>, the Jin territory at that time extends west to the Hexi (河西) region (the region that extends from <a href="/wiki/Shaanxi" title="Shaanxi">Shaanxi</a> province to the west) and to the boundary of the western <a href="/wiki/Qin_(state)" title="Qin (state)">State of Qin</a>, north to the <a href="/wiki/Beidi" title="Beidi">Di tribe</a>, and east to the <a href="/wiki/Henei" class="mw-redirect" title="Henei">Henei</a> (河內) region (roughly the southern part of <a href="/wiki/Hebei" title="Hebei">Hebei</a> province). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death_and_legacy">Death and legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duke_Xian_of_Jin&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Death and legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the summer of 651 BC, the 26th year of his reign, <a href="/wiki/Duke_Huan_of_Qi" title="Duke Huan of Qi">Duke Huan of Qi</a> held an alliance meeting in Kuiqiu (葵丘), west of modern <a href="/wiki/Minquan_County" title="Minquan County">Minquan County</a> in Shanxi. Duke Xian of Jin did not attend because he was sick at that time and Zaikong (宰孔) of Zhou advised him not to attend. Since he was gravely ill, he entrusted the then Crown Prince Xiqi to Xun Xi (荀息) and also gave Xun Xi the position of the chancellor of Jin. Duke Xian of Jin died on the ninth month of that year. </p><p>After the death of Duke Xian of Jin on the ninth month of 651 BC, Li Ji placed the 15-year-old Crown Prince Xiqi on the throne of Jin and made Xun Xi the chancellor of Xiqi to help him in government affairs. On the tenth month of 651 BC, Li Ke (里克) killed Xiqi roughly a month after his ascension. Duke Xian of Jin was not yet properly buried at that time. Xun Xi then placed Prince Zhuozi into the throne of Jin even though Zhuozi was still a toddler at that time. After that, Xun Xi finished the burial of Duke Xian of Jin. On the eleventh month of 651 BC, Li Ke killed Zhuozi and his aunt Li Ji. Xun Xi then committed suicide by hanging himself. Shao Ji, the younger sister of Li Ji and mother of Prince Zhuozi, was imprisoned. </p><p>Li Ke then invited Prince Chong'er who was then in the <a href="/wiki/State_of_Qi" class="mw-redirect" title="State of Qi">State of Qi</a> back to the State of Jin to become the next duke. Chong'er declined so Li Ke then invited Prince Yiwu who was then in the State of Liang and he accepted. Prince Yiwu ascended the throne of Jin and became <a href="/wiki/Duke_Hui_of_Jin" title="Duke Hui of Jin">Duke Hui of Jin</a>. </p><p>According to historical records, Duke Xian of Jin had six wives. The first was Jia Jun (賈君) from the State of Jia (賈國). Another is Qi Jiang (齊姜), formerly the concubine of <a href="/wiki/Duke_Wu_of_Jin" title="Duke Wu of Jin">Duke Wu of Jin</a>, who gave birth to Princess Bo Ji (伯姬) and <a href="/wiki/Shensheng" title="Shensheng">Shensheng</a>. He also had Hu Ji (狐姬) from the northern Rong tribe (戎) who gave birth to <a href="/wiki/Duke_Wen_of_Jin" title="Duke Wen of Jin">Chong'er</a>. Another was the younger sister of Hu Ji who gave birth to <a href="/wiki/Duke_Hui_of_Jin" title="Duke Hui of Jin">Prince Yiwu</a>. Then there was Li Ji from the Lirong tribe who gave birth to Prince Xiqi. Lastly, there was Shao Ji (少姬), the younger sister of Li Ji, who gave birth to Prince Zhuo. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Duke_Xian_of_Jin&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hinsch, Bret. (1990). <i>Passions of the Cut Sleeve</i>. University of California Press. p.31</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFD700; text-align:center;"><div>Duke Xian of Jin </div><div><b><a href="/wiki/Jin_(Chinese_state)" title="Jin (Chinese state)">House of Ji</a></b></div><div style="font-size:90%">Cadet branch of the <b><a href="/wiki/Zhou_dynasty" title="Zhou dynasty">House of Ji</a></b></div><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"> <b>Died:</b> 651 BC</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;">Regnal titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Duke_Wu_of_Jin" title="Duke Wu of Jin">Duke Wu of Jin</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Duke of Jin </b><br />676–651 BC </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Xiqi" title="Xiqi">Xiqi</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": 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.navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Monarchs_of_Jin_(Chinese_state)" title="Template:Monarchs of Jin (Chinese state)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Monarchs_of_Jin_(Chinese_state)" title="Template talk:Monarchs of Jin (Chinese state)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Monarchs_of_Jin_(Chinese_state)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Monarchs of Jin (Chinese state)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Monarchs_of_Jin" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Monarchs of <a href="/wiki/Jin_(Chinese_state)" title="Jin (Chinese state)">Jin</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United period</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shu_Yu_of_Tang" title="Shu Yu of Tang">Shu Yu of Tang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiefu" title="Xiefu">Xiefu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquis_Wu_of_Jin" title="Marquis Wu of Jin">Marquis Wu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquis_Cheng_of_Jin" title="Marquis Cheng of Jin">Marquis Cheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquis_Li_of_Jin" title="Marquis Li of Jin">Marquis Li</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquis_Jing_of_Jin" title="Marquis Jing of Jin">Marquis Jing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquis_Xi_of_Jin" title="Marquis Xi of Jin">Marquis Xi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquis_Xian_of_Jin" title="Marquis Xian of Jin">Marquis Xian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquis_Mu_of_Jin" title="Marquis Mu of Jin">Marquis Mu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shang_Shu_(Jin)" title="Shang Shu (Jin)">Shang Shu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquis_Wen_of_Jin" title="Marquis Wen of Jin">Marquis Wen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Divided period</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Marquis of Jin</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marquis_Zhao_of_Jin" title="Marquis Zhao of Jin">Marquis Zhao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquis_Xiao_of_Jin" title="Marquis Xiao of Jin">Marquis Xiao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquis_E_of_Jin" title="Marquis E of Jin">Marquis E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquis_Ai_of_Jin" title="Marquis Ai of Jin">Marquis Ai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquis_Xiaozi_of_Jin" title="Marquis Xiaozi of Jin">Marquis Xiaozi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Min,_Marquis_of_Jin" title="Min, Marquis of Jin">Min</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rulers of Quwo</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Huan_Shu_of_Quwo" title="Huan Shu of Quwo">Huan Shu of Quwo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhuang_Bo_of_Quwo" title="Zhuang Bo of Quwo">Zhuang Bo of Quwo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_Wu_of_Jin" title="Duke Wu of Jin">Duke Wu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reunited period</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duke_Wu_of_Jin" title="Duke Wu of Jin">Duke Wu</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Duke Xian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiqi" title="Xiqi">Xiqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhuozi_(Jin)" title="Zhuozi (Jin)">Zhuozi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_Hui_of_Jin" title="Duke Hui of Jin">Duke Hui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_Huai_of_Jin" title="Duke Huai of Jin">Duke Huai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_Wen_of_Jin" title="Duke Wen of Jin">Duke Wen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_Xiang_of_Jin" title="Duke Xiang of Jin">Duke Xiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_Ling_of_Jin" title="Duke Ling of Jin">Duke Ling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_Cheng_of_Jin" title="Duke Cheng of Jin">Duke Cheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_Jing_of_Jin_(Ju)" title="Duke Jing of Jin (Ju)">Duke Jing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_Li_of_Jin" title="Duke Li of Jin">Duke Li</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_Dao_of_Jin" title="Duke Dao of Jin">Duke Dao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_Ping_of_Jin" title="Duke Ping of Jin">Duke Ping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_Zhao_of_Jin" title="Duke Zhao of Jin">Duke Zhao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_Qing_of_Jin" title="Duke Qing of Jin">Duke Qing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_Ding_of_Jin" title="Duke Ding of Jin">Duke Ding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_Chu_of_Jin" title="Duke Chu of Jin">Duke Chu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">After <a href="/wiki/Partition_of_Jin" title="Partition of Jin">Partition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duke_Jing_of_Jin_(Jiao)" title="Duke Jing of Jin (Jiao)">Duke Jing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_You_of_Jin" title="Duke You of Jin">Duke You</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_Lie_of_Jin" title="Duke Lie of Jin">Duke Lie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duke_Huan_of_Jin" title="Duke Huan of Jin">Duke Huan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Duke_Xian_of_Jin&oldid=1255725316">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Duke_Xian_of_Jin&oldid=1255725316</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Monarchs_of_Jin_(Chinese_state)" title="Category:Monarchs of Jin (Chinese state)">Monarchs of Jin (Chinese state)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:7th-century_BC_Chinese_monarchs" 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