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<div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/SirOrlandoBridgemanLC.jpg/220px-SirOrlandoBridgemanLC.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="272" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/SirOrlandoBridgemanLC.jpg/330px-SirOrlandoBridgemanLC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/SirOrlandoBridgemanLC.jpg/440px-SirOrlandoBridgemanLC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="646" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sir_Orlando_Bridgeman,_1st_Baronet,_of_Great_Lever" title="Sir Orlando Bridgeman, 1st Baronet, of Great Lever">Sir Orlando Bridgeman</a>, Lord Keeper of the Great Seal, 1667–72, with his ceremonial purse for the seal, shown below</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Toilet_Service_at_Weston_Park,_Staffs_DSCF1061_10.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Toilet_Service_at_Weston_Park%2C_Staffs_DSCF1061_10.jpg/220px-Toilet_Service_at_Weston_Park%2C_Staffs_DSCF1061_10.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Toilet_Service_at_Weston_Park%2C_Staffs_DSCF1061_10.jpg/330px-Toilet_Service_at_Weston_Park%2C_Staffs_DSCF1061_10.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Toilet_Service_at_Weston_Park%2C_Staffs_DSCF1061_10.jpg/440px-Toilet_Service_at_Weston_Park%2C_Staffs_DSCF1061_10.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3320" /></a><figcaption>Ceremonial purse at <a href="/wiki/Weston_Park" title="Weston Park">Weston Park</a>, used by Sir Orlando as Lord Keeper and shown in his portrait above</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of England</b>, and later <b>of Great Britain</b>, was formerly an officer of the <a href="/wiki/English_Crown" class="mw-redirect" title="English Crown">English Crown</a> charged with <a href="/wiki/Keeper_of_the_Seals" title="Keeper of the Seals">physical custody</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Seal_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Seal of England">Great Seal of England</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Rogers_2012_p._34_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rogers_2012_p._34-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This position evolved into that of one of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Officers_of_State_(United_Kingdom)" title="Great Officers of State (United Kingdom)">Great Officers of State</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lord_Keeper_of_the_Great_Seal&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The seal was adopted by <a href="/wiki/Edward_the_Confessor" title="Edward the Confessor">Edward the Confessor</a>, and its custody was at first entrusted to a <a href="/wiki/Chancellor" title="Chancellor">chancellor</a>. The office of chancellor from the time of <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Becket" title="Thomas Becket">Thomas Becket</a> onwards varied much in importance. The holder being a churchman, he was not only engaged in the business of his <a href="/wiki/Diocese" title="Diocese">diocese</a>, but was sometimes away from England. Consequently, it became not unusual to place the personal custody of the great seal in the hands of a <i>vice-chancellor</i> or <i>keeper</i>; this was also the practice followed during a temporary vacancy in the chancellorship.<sup id="cite_ref-eb_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eb-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This office gradually developed into a permanent appointment, and the lord keeper acquired the right of discharging all the duties connected with the great seal. He was usually, though not necessarily, a <a href="/wiki/Peerage" title="Peerage">peer</a>, and held office during the <a href="/wiki/At_Her_Majesty%27s_Pleasure" class="mw-redirect" title="At Her Majesty's Pleasure">king's pleasure</a>. He was appointed merely by delivery of the seal, and not, like the chancellor, by <a href="/wiki/Letters_patent" title="Letters patent">patent</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-eb_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eb-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His status was definitely fixed (in the case of lord keeper <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Bacon_(courtier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicholas Bacon (courtier)">Sir Nicholas Bacon</a>) by the <a href="/wiki/Lord_Keeper_Act_1562" title="Lord Keeper Act 1562">Lord Keeper Act 1562</a> (5 Eliz 1 c. 18),<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which declared him entitled to <i>like place, pre-eminence, <a href="/wiki/Jurisdiction" title="Jurisdiction">jurisdiction</a>, execution of laws, and all other <a href="/wiki/Customary_law" title="Customary law">customs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Commodities" class="mw-redirect" title="Commodities">commodities</a>, and advantages</i> as the <a href="/wiki/Lord_Chancellor" title="Lord Chancellor">Lord Chancellor</a>. In subsequent reigns the lord keeper was generally raised to the chancellorship, and retained the custody of the seal.<sup id="cite_ref-eb_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eb-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The last lord keeper was <a href="/wiki/Robert_Henley,_1st_Earl_of_Northington" title="Robert Henley, 1st Earl of Northington">Robert Henley</a>, afterwards Earl of Northington, who was made chancellor on the accession of <a href="/wiki/George_III_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="George III of the United Kingdom">George III</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-eb_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eb-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lord_Keeper_of_the_Great_Seal&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chafe-wax" title="Chafe-wax">Chafe-wax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Seal_of_Scotland" title="Great Seal of Scotland">Great Seal of Scotland</a> (held by the First Minister since 1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Seal_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Great Seal of Northern Ireland">Great Seal of Northern Ireland</a> (held by the Secretary of State since 1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Seal" title="Welsh Seal">Welsh Seal</a> (held by the First Minister since 2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lord_chancellors_and_lord_keepers" title="List of lord chancellors and lord keepers">List of lord chancellors and lord keepers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Chancellor" title="Lord Chancellor">Lord Chancellor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Privy_Seal" title="Lord Privy Seal">Lord Privy Seal</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lord_Keeper_of_the_Great_Seal&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Rogers_2012_p._34-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Rogers_2012_p._34_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFRogers2012" class="citation book cs1">Rogers, R. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DPmtAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT34"><i>Who Goes Home: A Parliamentary Miscellany</i></a>. Biteback Publishing. p. 34. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84954-480-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84954-480-1"><bdi>978-1-84954-480-1</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 April</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Who+Goes+Home%3A+A+Parliamentary+Miscellany&rft.pages=34&rft.pub=Biteback+Publishing&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-84954-480-1&rft.aulast=Rogers&rft.aufirst=R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDPmtAwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT34&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALord+Keeper+of+the+Great+Seal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-eb-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-eb_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-eb_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-eb_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-eb_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> </span>One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Lord_Keeper_of_the_Great_Seal" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Lord Keeper of the Great Seal">Lord Keeper of the Great Seal</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 5.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Lord+Keeper+of+the+Great+Seal&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=5&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALord+Keeper+of+the+Great+Seal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDrummondLindsay1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Drummond, Francis Maurice; <a href="/wiki/William_Lindsay_(officer_of_arms)" title="William Lindsay (officer of arms)">Lindsay, William Alexander</a> (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Precedence"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Precedence">"Precedence" </a></span>. In <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 22 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 267.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Precedence&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=267&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=Drummond&rft.aufirst=Francis+Maurice&rft.au=Lindsay%2C+William+Alexander&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALord+Keeper+of+the+Great+Seal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lord_Keeper_of_the_Great_Seal&oldid=1211974656">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lord_Keeper_of_the_Great_Seal&oldid=1211974656</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Political_history_of_England" title="Category:Political history of England">Political history of England</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Constitution_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:Constitution of the United Kingdom">Constitution of the United Kingdom</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lord_Keepers_of_the_Great_Seal" title="Category:Lord Keepers of the Great Seal">Lord Keepers of the Great Seal</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_the_1911_Encyclopaedia_Britannica_with_Wikisource_reference" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference">Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_text_from_the_1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica">Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 5 March 2024, at 14:59<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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