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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>Joshua 10:3 Therefore Adoni-zedek king of Jerusalem sent word to Hoham king of Hebron, Piram king of Jarmuth, Japhia king of Lachish, and Debir king of Eglon, saying,</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/joshua/10-3.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/2/06_Jos_10_03.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="Joshua 10:3 - The Day the Sun Stood Still" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="Therefore Adoni-zedek king of Jerusalem sent word to Hoham king of Hebron, Piram king of Jarmuth, Japhia king of 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class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv">Verse<a href="/bsb/joshua/10.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><a href="/niv/joshua/10.htm">New International Version</a> So Adoni-Zedek king of Jerusalem appealed to Hoham king of Hebron, Piram king of Jarmuth, Japhia king of Lachish and Debir king of Eglon. <a href="/nlt/joshua/10.htm">New Living Translation</a> So King Adoni-zedek of Jerusalem sent messengers to several other kings: Hoham of Hebron, Piram of Jarmuth, Japhia of Lachish, and Debir of Eglon. <a href="/esv/joshua/10.htm">English Standard Version</a> So Adoni-zedek king of Jerusalem sent to Hoham king of Hebron, to Piram king of Jarmuth, to Japhia king of Lachish, and to Debir king of Eglon, saying, <a href="/bsb/joshua/10.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a> Therefore Adoni-zedek king of Jerusalem sent word to Hoham king of Hebron, Piram king of Jarmuth, Japhia king of Lachish, and Debir king of Eglon, saying, <a href="/kjv/joshua/10.htm">King James Bible</a> Wherefore Adonizedek king of Jerusalem sent unto Hoham king of Hebron, and unto Piram king of Jarmuth, and unto Japhia king of Lachish, and unto Debir king of Eglon, saying, <a href="/nkjv/joshua/10.htm">New King James Version</a> Therefore Adoni-Zedek king of Jerusalem sent to Hoham king of Hebron, Piram king of Jarmuth, Japhia king of Lachish, and Debir king of Eglon, saying, <a href="/nasb_/joshua/10.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> Therefore Adoni-zedek king of Jerusalem sent word to Hoham king of Hebron, to Piram king of Jarmuth, to Japhia king of Lachish, and to Debir king of Eglon, saying, <a href="/nasb/joshua/10.htm">NASB 1995</a> Therefore Adoni-zedek king of Jerusalem sent word to Hoham king of Hebron and to Piram king of Jarmuth and to Japhia king of Lachish and to Debir king of Eglon, saying, <a href="/nasb77/joshua/10.htm">NASB 1977 </a> Therefore Adoni-zedek king of Jerusalem sent word to Hoham king of Hebron and to Piram king of Jarmuth and to Japhia king of Lachish and to Debir king of Eglon, saying, <a href="/lsb/joshua/10.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> Therefore Adoni-zedek king of Jerusalem sent word to Hoham king of Hebron and to Piram king of Jarmuth and to Japhia king of Lachish and to Debir king of Eglon, saying, <a href="/amp/joshua/10.htm">Amplified Bible</a> So Adoni-zedek king of Jerusalem sent word to Hoham king of Hebron, and to Piram king of Jarmuth, to Japhia king of Lachish, and to Debir king of Eglon, saying, <a href="/csb/joshua/10.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> Therefore King Adoni-zedek of Jerusalem sent word to King Hoham of Hebron, King Piram of Jarmuth, King Japhia of Lachish, and King Debir of Eglon, saying, <a href="/hcsb/joshua/10.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> Therefore Adoni-zedek king of Jerusalem sent word to Hoham king of Hebron, Piram king of Jarmuth, Japhia king of Lachish, and Debir king of Eglon, saying, &#8220 <a href="/asv/joshua/10.htm">American Standard Version</a> Wherefore Adoni-zedek king of Jerusalem sent unto Hoham king of Hebron, and unto Piram king of Jarmuth, and unto Japhia king of Lachish, and unto Debir king of Eglon, saying, <a href="/cev/joshua/10.htm">Contemporary English Version</a> So Adonizedek sent messages to the kings of four other towns: King Hoham of Hebron, King Piram of Jarmuth, King Japhia of Lachish, and King Debir of Eglon. The messages said, <a href="/erv/joshua/10.htm">English Revised Version</a> Wherefore Adoni-zedek king of Jerusalem sent unto Hoham king of Hebron, and unto Piram king of Jarmuth, and unto Japhia king of Lachish, and unto Debir king of Eglon, saying, <a href="/gwt/joshua/10.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> So King Adoni Zedek of Jerusalem sent [this message] to King Hoham of Hebron, King Piram of Jarmuth, King Japhia of Lachish, and King Debir of Eglon: <a href="/gnt/joshua/10.htm">Good News Translation</a> So Adonizedek sent the following message to King Hoham of Hebron, King Piram of Jarmuth, King Japhia of Lachish, and to King Debir of Eglon: <a href="/isv/joshua/10.htm">International Standard Version</a> So King Adoni-zedek of Jerusalem sent word to King Hoham of Hebron, King Piram of Jarmuth, King Japhia of Lachish, and King Debir of Eglon. He told them, <a href="/msb/joshua/10.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> Therefore Adoni-zedek king of Jerusalem sent word to Hoham king of Hebron, Piram king of Jarmuth, Japhia king of Lachish, and Debir king of Eglon, saying, <a href="/net/joshua/10.htm">NET Bible</a> So King Adoni-Zedek of Jerusalem sent this message to King Hoham of Hebron, King Piram of Jarmuth, King Japhia of Lachish, and King Debir of Eglon: <a href="/nheb/joshua/10.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> Therefore Adoni-Zedek king of Jerusalem sent to Hoham king of Hebron, to Piram king of Jarmuth, to Japhia king of Lachish, and to Debir king of Eglon, saying, <a href="/wbt/joshua/10.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> Wherefore Adoni-zedec king of Jerusalem sent to Hoham king of Hebron, and to Piram king of Jarmuth, and to Japhia king of Lachish, and to Debir king of Eglon, saying, <a href="/web/joshua/10.htm">World English Bible</a> Therefore Adoni-Zedek king of Jerusalem sent to Hoham king of Hebron, Piram king of Jarmuth, Japhia king of Lachish, and Debir king of Eglon, saying, <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/joshua/10.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> And Adoni-Zedek king of Jerusalem sends to Hoham king of Hebron, and to Piram king of Jarmuth, and to Japhia king of Lachish, and to Debir king of Eglon, saying, <a href="/ylt/joshua/10.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> And Adoni-Zedek king of Jerusalem sendeth unto Hoham king of Hebron, and unto Piram king of Jarmuth, and unto Japhia king of Lachish, and unto Debir king of Eglon, saying, <a href="/slt/joshua/10.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> And lord Zedek, king of Jerusalem, will send to Hoham, king of Hebron, and to Piram, king of Jarmuth, and to Japhia, king of Lachish, and to Debir, king of Eglon, saying,<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/joshua/10.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> Therefore Adonisedec king of Jerusalem sent to Oham king of Hebron, and to Pharam king of Jerimoth, and to Japhia king of Lachis, and to Dabir king of Eglon, saying: <a href="/cpdv/joshua/10.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> Therefore, Adonizedek, the king of Jerusalem, sent to Hoham, the king of Hebron, and to Piram, the king of Jarmuth, and also to Japhia, the king of Lachish, and to Debir, the king of Eglon, saying: <a href="/nabre/joshua/10.htm">New American Bible</a> So Adonizedek, king of Jerusalem, sent to Hoham, king of Hebron, Piram, king of Jarmuth, Japhia, king of Lachish, and Debir, king of Eglon, with this message: <a href="/nrsvce/joshua/10.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> So King Adoni-zedek of Jerusalem sent a message to King Hoham of Hebron, to King Piram of Jarmuth, to King Japhia of Lachish, and to King Debir of Eglon, saying,<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/joshua/10.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> Wherefore Adoni-zedek king of Jerusalem sent to Hoham king of Hebron and to Baran king of Jarmuth and to Napia king of Lachish and to Debir king of Eglon, saying, <a href="/hpbt/joshua/10.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a> And Adunitsdeq, King of Jerusalem sent to Huham, King of Khebrun, and to Baran King of Yarmuth, and to Naphi, King of Lakish, and to Dabir, King of Eglun, and he sent to them<div class="vheading2">OT Translations</div><a href="/jps/joshua/10.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a> Wherefore Adoni-zedek king of Jerusalem sent unto Hoham king of Hebron, and unto Piram king of Jarmuth, and unto Japhia king of Lachish, and unto Debir king of Eglon, saying: <a href="/sep/joshua/10.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a> So Adoni-bezec king of Jerusalem sent to Elam king of Hebron, and to Phidon king of Jerimuth, and to Jephtha king of Lachis, and to Dabin king of Odollam, saying, <a href="/parallel/joshua/10-3.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/p91zXIGB0Rk?start=2405" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/joshua/10.htm">The Day the Sun Stood Still</a> …2So Adoni-zedek and his people were greatly alarmed, because Gibeon was a great city, like one of the royal cities; it was larger than Ai, and all its men were mighty. 3<a href="/hebrew/139.htm" title="139: ’ă·ḏō·nî- Lord of righteousness, king of Jer. From 'adown and tsedeq; lord of justice; Adoni-Tsedek, a Canaanitish king."></a> <a href="/hebrew/139.htm" title="139: ṣe·ḏeq (N-proper-ms) -- Lord of righteousness, king of Jer. From 'adown and tsedeq; lord of justice; Adoni-Tsedek, a Canaanitish king.">Therefore Adoni-zedek</a> <a href="/hebrew/4428.htm" title="4428: me·leḵ (N-msc) -- King. From malak; a king.">king</a> <a href="/hebrew/3389.htm" title="3389: yə·rū·šā·lim (N-proper-fs) -- Probably foundation of peace, capital city of all Isr. ">of Jerusalem</a> <a href="/hebrew/7971.htm" title="7971: way·yiš·laḥ (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- To send. A primitive root; to send away, for, or out.">sent</a> <a href="/hebrew/413.htm" title="413: ’el- (Prep) -- To, into, towards. ">word to</a> <a href="/hebrew/1944.htm" title="1944: hō·w·hām (N-proper-ms) -- An Amorite king of Hebron. Of uncertain derivation; Hoham, a Canaanitish king.">Hoham</a> <a href="/hebrew/4428.htm" title="4428: me·leḵ- (N-msc) -- King. From malak; a king.">king</a> <a href="/hebrew/2275.htm" title="2275: ḥeḇ·rō·wn (N-proper-fs) -- From cheber; seat of association; Chebron, a place in Palestine, also the name of two Israelites.">of Hebron,</a> <a href="/hebrew/413.htm" title="413: wə·’el- (Conj-w:: Prep) -- To, into, towards. "></a> <a href="/hebrew/6502.htm" title="6502: pir·’ām (N-proper-ms) -- A Canaanite king. From pere'; wildly; Piram, a Canaanite.">Piram</a> <a href="/hebrew/4428.htm" title="4428: me·leḵ- (N-msc) -- King. From malak; a king.">king</a> <a href="/hebrew/3412.htm" title="3412: yar·mūṯ (N-proper-ms) -- A Canaanite city in Judah, also a city in Issachar. From ruwm; elevation; Jarmuth, the name of two places in Palestine.">of Jarmuth,</a> <a href="/hebrew/413.htm" title="413: wə·’el- (Conj-w:: Prep) -- To, into, towards. "></a> <a href="/hebrew/3309.htm" title="3309: yā·p̄î·a‘ (N-proper-ms) -- From yapha'; bright; Japhia, the name of a Canaanite, an Israelite, and a place in Palestine.">Japhia</a> <a href="/hebrew/4428.htm" title="4428: me·leḵ- (N-msc) -- King. From malak; a king.">king</a> <a href="/hebrew/3923.htm" title="3923: lā·ḵîš (N-proper-fs) -- A Canaanite city S.W. of Jer. From an unused root of uncertain meaning; Lakish, a place in Palestine.">of Lachish,</a> <a href="/hebrew/413.htm" title="413: wə·’el- (Conj-w:: Prep) -- To, into, towards. "></a> <a href="/hebrew/1688.htm" title="1688: də·ḇîr (N-proper-fs) -- Or Dbir (but see Lo' Dbar); the same as dbiyr; Debir, the name of an Amoritish king and of two places in Palestine.">and Debir</a> <a href="/hebrew/4428.htm" title="4428: me·leḵ- (N-msc) -- King. From malak; a king.">king</a> <a href="/hebrew/5700.htm" title="5700: ‘eḡ·lō·wn (N-proper-fs) -- From egel; vituline; Eglon, the name of a place in Palestine and of a Moabitish king.">of Eglon,</a> <a href="/hebrew/559.htm" title="559: lê·mōr (Prep-l:: V-Qal-Inf) -- To utter, say. A primitive root; to say.">saying,</a> 4“Come up and help me. We will attack Gibeon, because they have made peace with Joshua and the Israelites.”…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/joshua/9-1.htm">Joshua 9:1-2</a> Now when news of this reached all the kings west of the Jordan—those in the hill country, the foothills, and all along the coast of the Great Sea toward Lebanon (the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites)— / they came together to wage war against Joshua and Israel. <a href="/joshua/11-1.htm">Joshua 11:1-5</a> Now when Jabin king of Hazor heard about these things, he sent word to Jobab king of Madon; to the kings of Shimron and Achshaph; / to the kings of the north in the mountains, in the Arabah south of Chinnereth, in the foothills, and in Naphoth-dor to the west; / to the Canaanites in the east and west; to the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, and Jebusites in the hill country; and to the Hivites at the foot of Hermon in the land of Mizpah. ... <a href="/judges/1-7.htm">Judges 1:7</a> Then Adoni-bezek said, “Seventy kings with their thumbs and big toes cut off have gathered the scraps under my table. As I have done to them, so God has repaid me.” And they brought him to Jerusalem, where he died. <a href="/2_samuel/10-6.htm">2 Samuel 10:6</a> When the Ammonites realized that they had become a stench to David, they hired twenty thousand Aramean foot soldiers from Beth-rehob and Zoba, as well as a thousand men from the king of Maacah and twelve thousand men from Tob. <a href="/1_kings/20-1.htm">1 Kings 20:1</a> Now Ben-hadad king of Aram assembled his entire army. Accompanied by thirty-two kings with their horses and chariots, he marched up, besieged Samaria, and waged war against it. <a href="/2_kings/3-9.htm">2 Kings 3:9</a> So the king of Israel, the king of Judah, and the king of Edom set out, and after they had traveled a roundabout route for seven days, they had no water for their army or for their animals. <a href="/psalms/2-1.htm">Psalm 2:1-2</a> Why do the nations rage and the peoples plot in vain? / The kings of the earth take their stand and the rulers gather together, against the LORD and against His Anointed One: <a href="/isaiah/8-9.htm">Isaiah 8:9-10</a> Huddle together, O peoples, and be shattered; pay attention, all you distant lands; prepare for battle, and be shattered; prepare for battle, and be shattered! / Devise a plan, but it will be thwarted; state a proposal, but it will not happen. For God is with us.” <a href="/isaiah/41-11.htm">Isaiah 41:11-12</a> Behold, all who rage against you will be ashamed and disgraced; those who contend with you will be reduced to nothing and will perish. / You will seek them but will not find them. Those who wage war against you will come to nothing. <a href="/jeremiah/50-9.htm">Jeremiah 50:9</a> For behold, I stir up and bring against Babylon an assembly of great nations from the land of the north. They will line up against her; from the north she will be captured. Their arrows will be like skilled warriors who do not return empty-handed. <a href="/ezekiel/38-7.htm">Ezekiel 38:7-9</a> Get ready; prepare yourself, you and all your company gathered around you; you will be their guard. / After a long time you will be summoned. In the latter years you will enter a land that has recovered from war, whose people were gathered from many nations to the mountains of Israel, which had long been desolate. They had been brought out from the nations, and all now dwell securely. / You and all your troops, and many peoples with you will go up, advancing like a thunderstorm; you will be like a cloud covering the land. <a href="/daniel/11-40.htm">Daniel 11:40-45</a> At the time of the end, the king of the South will engage him in battle, but the king of the North will storm out against him with chariots, horsemen, and many ships, invading many countries and sweeping through them like a flood. / He will also invade the Beautiful Land, and many countries will fall. But these will be delivered from his hand: Edom, Moab, and the leaders of the Ammonites. / He will extend his power over many countries, and not even the land of Egypt will escape. ... <a href="/matthew/2-3.htm">Matthew 2:3</a> When King Herod heard this, he was disturbed, and all Jerusalem with him. <a href="/matthew/26-3.htm">Matthew 26:3-4</a> At that time the chief priests and elders of the people assembled in the courtyard of the high priest, whose name was Caiaphas, / and they conspired to arrest Jesus covertly and kill Him. <a href="/luke/22-2.htm">Luke 22:2</a> and the chief priests and scribes were looking for a way to put Jesus to death, for they feared the people.</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>Why Adonizedec king of Jerusalem, sent to Hoham king of Hebron, and to Piram king of Jarmuth, and to Japhia king of Lachish, and to Debir king of Eglon, saying,king of Jerusalem<a href="/joshua/10-1.htm">Joshua 10:1,5</a> Now it came to pass, when Adonizedek king of Jerusalem had heard how Joshua had taken Ai, and had utterly destroyed it; as he had done to Jericho and her king, so he had done to Ai and her king; and how the inhabitants of Gibeon had made peace with Israel, and were among them; … <a href="/joshua/12-10.htm">Joshua 12:10-13</a> The king of Jerusalem, one; the king of Hebron, one; … <a href="/joshua/15-25.htm">Joshua 15:25-39,54,63</a> And Hazor, Hadattah, and Kerioth, and Hezron, which is Hazor, … <a href="/joshua/14-15.htm">Joshua 14:15</a> And the name of Hebron before was Kirjatharba; which Arba was a great man among the Anakims. And the land had rest from war.<a href="/genesis/23-2.htm">Genesis 23:2</a> And Sarah died in Kirjatharba; the same is Hebron in the land of Canaan: and Abraham came to mourn for Sarah, and to weep for her.<a href="/genesis/37-14.htm">Genesis 37:14</a> And he said to him, Go, I pray thee, see whether it be well with thy brethren, and well with the flocks; and bring me word again. So he sent him out of the vale of Hebron, and he came to Shechem.Lachish<a href="/2_kings/18-14.htm">2 Kings 18:14,17</a> And Hezekiah king of Judah sent to the king of Assyria to Lachish, saying, I have offended; return from me: that which thou puttest on me will I bear. And the king of Assyria appointed unto Hezekiah king of Judah three hundred talents of silver and thirty talents of gold… <a href="/2_chronicles/11-9.htm">2 Chronicles 11:9</a> And Adoraim, and Lachish, and Azekah,<a href="/micah/1-13.htm">Micah 1:13</a> O thou inhabitant of Lachish, bind the chariot to the swift beast: she is the beginning of the sin to the daughter of Zion: for the transgressions of Israel were found in thee.<div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/joshua/10-1.htm">Adonizedec</a> <a href="/joshua/10-1.htm">Adoni-Zedec</a> <a href="/joshua/10-1.htm">Adoni-Zedek</a> <a href="/exodus/5-15.htm">Appealed</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/6-58.htm">Debir</a> <a href="/judges/3-17.htm">Eglon</a> <a href="/numbers/13-22.htm">Hebron</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/14-6.htm">Japhia</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/14-6.htm">Japhi'a</a> <a href="/nehemiah/11-29.htm">Jarmuth</a> <a href="/joshua/10-1.htm">Jerusalem</a> <a href="/micah/1-13.htm">Lachish</a> <a href="/joshua/9-22.htm">Wherefore</a> <a href="/joshua/9-16.htm">Word</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/joshua/10-1.htm">Adonizedec</a> <a href="/joshua/10-1.htm">Adoni-Zedec</a> <a href="/judges/1-5.htm">Adoni-Zedek</a> <a href="/esther/2-4.htm">Appealed</a> <a href="/joshua/10-38.htm">Debir</a> <a href="/joshua/10-5.htm">Eglon</a> <a href="/joshua/10-5.htm">Hebron</a> <a href="/joshua/19-12.htm">Japhia</a> <a href="/2_samuel/5-15.htm">Japhi'a</a> <a href="/joshua/10-5.htm">Jarmuth</a> <a href="/joshua/10-5.htm">Jerusalem</a> <a href="/joshua/10-5.htm">Lachish</a> <a href="/joshua/23-9.htm">Wherefore</a> <a href="/joshua/10-17.htm">Word</a><div class="vheading2">Joshua 10</div>1. <a href="/joshua/10-1.htm">Five kings war against Gibeon</a> 6. <a href="/joshua/10-6.htm">Joshua rescues it</a> 10. <a href="/joshua/10-10.htm">God fights against them with hailstones</a> 12. <a href="/joshua/10-12.htm">The sun and moon stand still at the word of Joshua</a> 16. <a href="/joshua/10-16.htm">The five kings are murdered in a cave</a> 22. <a href="/joshua/10-22.htm">They are brought forth</a> 24. <a href="/joshua/10-24.htm">scornfully used</a> 26. <a href="/joshua/10-26.htm">and hanged</a> 28. <a href="/joshua/10-28.htm">Seven kings more are conquered</a> 43. <a href="/joshua/10-43.htm">Joshua returns to Gilgal</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/joshua/10.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/joshua/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/joshua/10.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div>Therefore Adoni-zedek king of Jerusalem Adoni-zedek, meaning "lord of righteousness," was the king of Jerusalem during the time of Joshua. Jerusalem, a significant city in biblical history, was a Jebusite stronghold before its conquest by the Israelites. The name Adoni-zedek is reminiscent of Melchizedek, the king of Salem (an early name for Jerusalem) in <a href="/genesis/14-18.htm">Genesis 14:18</a>, who was a priest of God Most High. This connection highlights the longstanding spiritual significance of Jerusalem. Adoni-zedek's actions reflect the fear and opposition of Canaanite kings against the Israelites, who were rapidly conquering the land.sent word to Hoham king of Hebron Hebron, located in the southern part of Canaan, was an ancient city with deep historical roots, being associated with the patriarchs Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. Hoham, the king of Hebron, is part of a coalition against Israel. This alliance underscores the threat perceived by the Canaanite kings due to Israel's victories, particularly after the fall of Jericho and Ai. Hebron later becomes a significant city for Israel, serving as King David's capital for seven years.Piram king of Jarmuth Jarmuth was a city in the Shephelah, the lowland region of Judah. Piram, its king, joins the coalition against Israel. The inclusion of Jarmuth in this alliance indicates the widespread alarm among the Canaanite cities. Archaeological evidence suggests Jarmuth was a fortified city, emphasizing the military threat posed by these kings to the Israelites.Japhia king of Lachish Lachish was a major fortified city in the Shephelah, strategically important due to its location on the main road from Jerusalem to Egypt. Japhia, the king of Lachish, aligns with other Canaanite kings to resist Israel's advance. Lachish's significance is highlighted in later biblical narratives, such as during the Assyrian and Babylonian invasions, where it served as a key defensive site.and Debir king of Eglon Eglon, another city in the Shephelah, was ruled by Debir. The coalition of these kings, including Eglon, reflects the regional unity against the common threat of Israel. Eglon's inclusion in this alliance shows the widespread impact of Israel's conquests, as cities across Canaan sought to resist the Israelites' divinely ordained occupation of the land.saying, The message sent by Adoni-zedek to these kings marks the beginning of a significant military campaign against Israel. This coalition's formation is a direct response to the miraculous victories experienced by Israel, such as the fall of Jericho and the treaty with Gibeon. The narrative sets the stage for the subsequent battle, where God intervenes on behalf of Israel, demonstrating His power and faithfulness to His promises.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <a href="/topical/a/adoni-zedek.htm">Adoni-zedek</a> The king of Jerusalem during the time of Joshua. His name means "Lord of Righteousness," which is ironic given his opposition to Israel. 2. <a href="/topical/h/hoham.htm">Hoham</a> The king of Hebron, a city with historical significance, later becoming a Levitical city and a city of refuge. 3. <a href="/topical/p/piram.htm">Piram</a> The king of Jarmuth, a city in the lowlands of Judah. 4. <a href="/topical/j/japhia.htm">Japhia</a> The king of Lachish, a significant city in the Shephelah region, known for its strategic military importance. 5. <a href="/topical/d/debir.htm">Debir</a> The king of Eglon, another city in the Shephelah, which later becomes part of the territory of Judah.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><a href="/topical/t/the_irony_of_names.htm">The Irony of Names</a> Adoni-zedek's name means "Lord of Righteousness," yet he stands against God's people. This reminds us that names or titles do not always reflect character. We must discern true righteousness through actions and alignment with God's will. <a href="/topical/t/the_power_of_alliances.htm">The Power of Alliances</a> The coalition of kings against Israel shows the power and influence of alliances. As believers, we should be cautious about the alliances we form, ensuring they align with God's purposes. <a href="/topical/g/god's_sovereignty_over_opposition.htm">God's Sovereignty Over Opposition</a> Despite the formidable alliance against Israel, God is sovereign and His plans prevail. This encourages us to trust in God's sovereignty when facing opposition in our lives. <a href="/topical/t/the_role_of_fear_in_decision-making.htm">The Role of Fear in Decision-Making</a> The fear of Israel's God prompted the coalition. Fear can lead to poor decisions if not rooted in reverence for God. We should ensure our decisions are based on faith, not fear.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_joshua_10.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Joshua 10</a> <a href="/q/define_apostolic_action..htm">What is Jericho's significance in the Bible?</a> <a href="/q/does_habakkuk_3_11_conflict_with_joshua_10.htm">In Habakkuk 3:11, does the claim that the sun and moon stood still indicate a literal astronomical anomaly, and does it conflict with other biblical passages like Joshua 10?</a> <a href="/q/how_did_the_sun_'stand_still'_safely.htm">How could the sun 'stand still' in Joshua 10:13 without catastrophic effects on Earth?</a> <a href="/q/what_did_jesus_mean_by_'many_mansions'.htm">Who accuses the brethren before God day and night?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/joshua/10.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(3) Hebron, Jarmuth, Lachish, and Eglon.--Hebron, i.e., el-Khalil,Jarmuth is identified as el-Yarm-k.Lachish is still uncertain; but see Note on Terse 32.Eglon is identified as Aglan in Philistia.<div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/joshua/10.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verse 3. - Hoham king of Hebron. It was a powerful confederacy which the Phoenician tribes in their desperation formed against Joshua. At its head stood the king of Jerusalem, which, from its central situation and its almost impregnable position (see notes on Joshua 15:63), might naturally stand at the head of such a league. Next came Hebron, which, from its importance from an early period (<a href="/genesis/23-2.htm">Genesis 23:2</a>; <a href="/genesis/35-27.htm">Genesis 35:27</a>), and the gigantic stature of its inhabitants (<a href="/numbers/13-33.htm">Numbers 13:33</a>; <a href="/deuteronomy/1-28.htm">Deuteronomy 1:28</a>; <a href="/deuteronomy/2-10.htm">Deuteronomy 2:10, 11</a>; <a href="/deuteronomy/9-2.htm">Deuteronomy 9:2</a>), as well as its daughter cities (ver. 37), would prove a formidable addition to the strength of the confederates. Colossal blocks of stone, testifying to the presence there of the primeval races of Palestine, are still to be found in the neighbourhood. Hebron stands in "the hill country of Judaea." Its situation has been much admired, standing as it does nearly 3,000 feet above the level of the Mediterranean, and commanding the most extensive views of the Holy Land. This is one of the most interesting in its reminiscences of all the cities in Palestine. Here Abraham pitched his tent, near the "oak of Mature." Here was the burying place of Abraham and Sarah, which has been kept in memory by an unwavering tradition even to this very day; and, sacred ground though it be to the Mohammedans, was opened to the Prince of Wales and his companions in 1862. This was the inheritance of Caleb, and here, where the affections of every Israelite would most closely centre, David fixed his capital until compelled to change it by reasons to which we have already referred. Hebron seems to have been successively occupied by various members of the Phoenician confederation. It was first founded, we learn, seven years before Zoan in Egypt (<a href="/numbers/13-22.htm">Numbers 13:22</a>). When we first hear of it, it is in the possession of Mature the Amorite (<a href="/genesis/13-18.htm">Genesis 13:18</a>; <a href="/genesis/14-13.htm">Genesis 14:13</a>). In <a href="/genesis/28.htm">Genesis 28</a>, it has clearly passed into the possession of the Hittites, and the mention of the children of Heth is too express for us to suppose that the term Hittite is used generally for the inhabitants of the land. At a much later period the Canaanites, or lowlanders, had, strangely enough, obtained possession (<a href="/judges/1-10.htm">Judges 1:10</a>), and here again the accurate acquaintance of the historian with the names of the tribes (see <a href="/judges/1-4.htm">Judges 1:4, 21, 26, 35</a>) forbids us to suppose that he is speaking loosely. Piram king of Jarmuth. Jarmuth is mentioned in <a href="/joshua/15-35.htm">Joshua 15:35</a>, and in <a href="/nehemiah/11-29.htm">Nehemiah 11:29</a>. It has been identified with Yarmuk (see Robinson, II. sec. 11, with whom Vandevelde and Conder agree), where there are the remains of very ancient walls and cisterns. Of its size and importance in the time of Joshua we know nothing. Japhia king of Lachish. Like Jarmuth, Lachish was in the Shephe-lah, or lowlands, of Judah, and we frequently hear of it in the later history of the Jews, as in <a href="/2_kings/14-19.htm">2 Kings 14:19</a>; <a href="/2_kings/18-14.htm">2 Kings 18:14, 17</a>; <a href="/2_kings/19-8.htm">2 Kings 19:8</a>; also <a href="/2_chronicles/11-9.htm">2 Chronicles 11:9</a>. It has been identified by Von Raumer and Vandevelde, whom Keil follows, with Um Lakis, though Robinson ('Biblical Researches' II. 388) denies this on the authority of Eusebius and Jerome; "but not on any reasonable grounds" (Vandevelde). This is the more clear in that Robinson rejects the authority of the Onomasticon in the case of Eglon. Um Lakis is only an hour and a quarter's journey from Ajlann or Eglon, and this narrative (vers. 31-36) shows that Eglon was on the way from Lachish to Hebron. Conder, in his 'Handbook' and in 'Pal. Exploration Fund Quart. Paper,' Jan., 1878, p. 20, suggests Tell el Hesy, a name which he thinks may "be a corruption of Lachlsh." This is a great mound on the main road from Eleutheropolis to Gaza. It is a strong argument for Um Lakis that there are an immense number of instances where the places retain their ancient names. The strongest argument for Tell el Hesy is that Laehish was evidently a place of some strength. Joshua, we read (ver. 32), "encamped against it" (this is said only of La-chish and Eglon), and "took it on the second day," and it successfully resisted the king of Assyria. Now Tell el Hesy was a "great mound" (Conder); but Um Lakis is described by Vandevelde as situated on "a low mound." Debir king of Eglon. This, the modern Ajlan, according to the best authorities, was on the road from Eleutheropolis to Gaza, not far from Lachish. Ruins are to be found there; but we have no means of ascertaining the size and importance of the town in the time of Joshua. The LXX., here and elsewhere in this chapter, render by Ὀδολλάμ. In <a href="/joshua/12-11.htm">Joshua 12:11</a> they read Ἐγκών. There is considerable similarity between Gimel and Daleth, Mem and Nun in the ancient Hebrew character. From this a various reading no doubt resulted. <a href="/commentaries/joshua/10-3.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div>Therefore Adoni-zedek צֶ֜דֶק (ṣe·ḏeq) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_139.htm">Strong's 139: </a> Adoni-zedek -- 'Lord of righteousness', king of Jerusalem king מֶ֣לֶךְ (me·leḵ) Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4428.htm">Strong's 4428: </a> A king of Jerusalem יְרוּשָׁלִַ֗ם (yə·rū·šā·lim) Noun - proper - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3389.htm">Strong's 3389: </a> Jerusalem -- probably 'foundation of peace', capital city of all Israel sent וַיִּשְׁלַ֨ח (way·yiš·laḥ) Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_7971.htm">Strong's 7971: </a> To send away, for, out word to אֶל־ (’el-) Preposition <a href="/hebrew/strongs_413.htm">Strong's 413: </a> Near, with, among, to Hoham הוֹהָ֣ם (hō·w·hām) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1944.htm">Strong's 1944: </a> Hoham -- an Amorite king of Hebron king מֶֽלֶךְ־ (me·leḵ-) Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4428.htm">Strong's 4428: </a> A king of Hebron, חֶ֠בְרוֹן (ḥeḇ·rō·wn) Noun - proper - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_2275.htm">Strong's 2275: </a> Hebron -- 'association, league', a city in southern Judah Piram פִּרְאָ֨ם (pir·’ām) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6502.htm">Strong's 6502: </a> Piram -- a Canaanite king king מֶֽלֶךְ־ (me·leḵ-) Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4428.htm">Strong's 4428: </a> A king of Jarmuth, יַרְמ֜וּת (yar·mūṯ) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3412.htm">Strong's 3412: </a> Jarmuth -- a Canaanite city in Judah, also a city in Issachar Japhia יָפִ֧יעַ (yā·p̄î·a‘) Noun - proper - masculine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3309.htm">Strong's 3309: </a> Japhia -- a king of Lachish, also a son of David, also a place on the border of Zebulun king מֶֽלֶךְ־ (me·leḵ-) Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4428.htm">Strong's 4428: </a> A king of Lachish, לָכִ֛ישׁ (lā·ḵîš) Noun - proper - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3923.htm">Strong's 3923: </a> Lachish -- a Canaanite city Southwest of Jerusalem and Debir דְּבִ֥יר (də·ḇîr) Noun - proper - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1688.htm">Strong's 1688: </a> Debir -- an Amorite king, also the name of several places in Palestine king מֶֽלֶךְ־ (me·leḵ-) Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4428.htm">Strong's 4428: </a> A king of Eglon, עֶגְל֖וֹן (‘eḡ·lō·wn) Noun - proper - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5700.htm">Strong's 5700: </a> Eglon -- a king of Moab, also a city in Israel saying, לֵאמֹֽר׃ (lê·mōr) Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_559.htm">Strong's 559: </a> To utter, say <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/joshua/10-3.htm">Joshua 10:3 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/joshua/10-3.htm">Joshua 10:3 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/joshua/10-3.htm">Joshua 10:3 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/joshua/10-3.htm">Joshua 10:3 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/joshua/10-3.htm">Joshua 10:3 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/joshua/10-3.htm">Joshua 10:3 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/joshua/10-3.htm">Joshua 10:3 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/joshua/10-3.htm">Joshua 10:3 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/joshua/10-3.htm">Joshua 10:3 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/joshua/10-3.htm">Joshua 10:3 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/joshua/10-3.htm">OT History: Joshua 10:3 Therefore Adoni-Zedek king of Jerusalem sent (Josh. Jos)</a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/joshua/10-2.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Joshua 10:2"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Joshua 10:2" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/joshua/10-4.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Joshua 10:4"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Joshua 10:4" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>